he was silent and spake not a word nor shew'd any signe of sadnesse in his lookes but with a smiling kinde of countenance beheld them all as he passed along They made now and then certaine stops to see if they could exhort him to confesse himselfe labouring all they could to perswade him that hee would not lose body and Soule both at once But hee answered them not a word but held his peace all the while The people continuing thus in this confusion and the Citie wayting on this sad spectacle Don Luys came making the people giue way pressing through the throng to hinder the Execution The a Alguazils thought it was a resistance of Iustice and out of very feare which they had of Don Luys for that he was a stout and valiant Gentleman and dared to oppose himselfe to any danger they forsooke Ozmin who was vnder their guard and with a great hurry and clamour they ranne to giue account of what had past to the Magistrates whose authority they thought it more neerly touched Whereupon they came to know what might be the cause of so great disrespect done vnto them He put his hand in his pocket and taking out the Kings Order he deliuered it vnto them which was by them to their great contentments most willingly obeyed And so they brought Ozmin being accompanied with all the Gentlemen of that Citie and the common ioy of the people to Don Luys his house Where that night hee was intertained with a gallant Maske setting vp many Torches and Cressets in the streetes and windowes for to giue the more generall content And in token of their great ioy they would haue celebrated those dayes hee stayed there with publike feasts for now they knew who he was But Don Luys would not giue vvay thereunto but tying himselfe to his Instructions carried him as his prisoner along with him the next morning being kindely vsed and well intertained vpon the way according to the greatnesse of his ranke and quality Being now arriued at Granada hee kept him secretly with him some few dayes vntill such time as he had order from their Maiesties to bring him to Court Who when he was come before them they ioyed much in the sight of him and whilest he was standing thus in their presence they commanded Daraxa to be called forth Now when these two Louers thus suddenly met in such a place as that was so vnexpectedly and so farre beyond their hopes euery man may make his owne heart iudge of the wonderfull ioy which they receiued in this happy but vnlooked for incounter and imagine with himselfe what each of them did thinke and conceiue thereof When each others eyes had fed their fill the Queene made towards them and told them that both their fathers were become Christians howbeit Daraxa knew so much before She desired them to doe the like which shee should receiue as a singular fauour from them but that no other loue nor feare should inforce them thereunto saue onely that of God and their owne saluation But howsoeuer whether they did so or no for she would not compell the conscience her pleasure was that they should now instantly inioy their liberty and dispose of their Estates and Persons according to their owne will and pleasure Ozmin would faine haue answered the Queene with all the ioynts and sinnewes of his body making them so many tongues to render thankes to her Maiesty for this so great a benefit signifying that he was very willing to be baptized and them addressing himselfe to Daraxa in the presence of their Maiesties he intreated her to doe the like Daraxa whose eye was neuer off from her dearest Ozmin so hungry was she in beholding him shedding a few sweet teares from her Rosie cheekes directing her lookes speech vnto their Maiesties she told them That since it was Gods will to inlighten their vnderstanding and by many tribulations to bring them to the knowledge of his truth she was disposed and that vnfeignedly and with a true heart humbly to submit her selfe thereunto and to the obedience of their Maiesties vnder whose protection and princely hands she reposed both her selfe and all that she had So anon after they were christened with a great deale of Ceremonie naming the one Ferdinand and the other Isabell according to that of their Maiesties who as God-father and God-mother gaue them their names at the Font. Within some few dayes after their Nuptials were celebrated with a great deale of glory and ostentation many Presents and other courtesies being conferred vpon them in that City where they liued all their life-time and left behinde them an illustrious and noble off-spring which continueth yet to this day in much honour and reputation in their Country We went hearkening to this Story with a great deale of Silence being led on attentiuely with it till we came within sight of Caçalla so that it seemed to haue been measured iust out for that iourney so truely did the one iumpe with the other Howbeit it was somewhat more inlarged by the Author flourished ouer with finer phrases and a different Soule to that which I haue deliuered vnto you Our honest Carrier who remained mute from the beginning to the ending which was no more then all of vs did began now to finde a tongue and was the first that opened his mouth Alight my masters quoth hee For heere I must leaue you my way lyes along by this path And with that hee cals vnto me Come hither my yong Gallant let vs make vp our reckoning before we part When I heard this I was almost ready to hang my selfe it was the bitterest draught that ere went downe my throat Is it e'ne so said I to my selfe Well let it goe for I did verily beleeue that all that past betweene vs had been in the way of friendship Well I dis-mounted and got not vp so lightly before as I now came downe heauily for I knew not in the world what answer to make him saue onely to aske him how much I was to pay him for the riding of nine Leagues See what these Gentlemen giue so must you For your lodging and your dyet you are to pay me three Royals more The Vmbles of the Mule I now found to be deare meat vnto me and that they stucke a little also in his stomake but that which grieu'd me most was That I had not money to pay for it And therefore I came vnto him and told him My friend â—…o heere is your money for the reckning so much you say is my part of the shot but for my horse-hyre I owe you nothing for you your selfe without any intreatie of mine desired me to get vp inuiting me thereunto of your owne accord What a Diuell quoth he meane you by this Marry gupp with a murraine you are a fine Gentleman indeed doe you thinke to ride a cock-horse on free cost you are a pretty Youth indeed I replyde vpon him we fall to scuffling
sence and seekes to ouerthrow his well-deserued reputation laying Nets to intrap him that he may be the only Commander ioyning with his enemies and falling crosse with his friends that he may bring the dance before his owne doore and raise himselfe by the others ruine proposing to himselfe by this preposterous dealing to put himselfe into a better fortune And to effect this his vnruly desire he will seeke out a thousand fetches and as many winding Pipes will he lay before hand to bring the water to his owne Conduict He would make himselfe like vnto the highest and place his throne in the North and suffer no man to sit by him or to be his equall Such men as these exercise their voice only in the seruice of the King not sticking to crie out This and this will make much for his Maiesties seruice but their workes and their actions are directed to their owne good Like vnto that day-labourer who lifts vp his armes to heauen but strikes his Mattocke into the ground These make warres at their pleasure breake Leagues when they list failing in their Obligation ruining the Common-wealth robbing men of their Estates and in the end damning their owne soules How many errors haue beene committed How many braue Commanders lost how many Armies vtterly ouerthrowne the fault whereof is laid vpon him that doth least deserue the blame And the sole cause of this is because these men will forsooth haue it so that this ill shall make for their good For if things should succeed well why then it should goe ill with them This is the common course now adaies and this makes all out of ioynt and causes such confusion in the world Will you see Sir to what poore passe our ill fortune hath brought vs that those braue cloathes gallant Feathers and glorious colours things that put life and spirit into a Soldiers heart to make him venture couragiously vpon all difficulties to hew out his way with his Sword and to vndertake any braue and noble enterprize in seeing vs thus adorned we are disgraced in Spaine our Habit scorned and our selues flouted at Thinking for sooth that we must walke the streets in blacke like a companie of Soliciters or like some Seruitour or poore Scholler that waites vpon another and hath not a Gowne to his backe to hide his pittifull raggs or to couer our totterd cloathes as your Students vse to doe with blacke foot-cloathes that the old rotten Saddle vnderneath may not be seene Now are we quite downe the winde and neuer so much as now For those that should most honour vs doe least fauour vs. The only bare name of a Spaniard which heretofore did affright the enemie with the reputation of that one word made the whole world to tremble now for our sinnes-sake the glorie of that is in a manner lost and gone And we are so falne off from what we were that we are not able to doe that now with our swords which before we might haue carried with our words Yet such as wee haue beene we are and shall be still It is God that must make vs to acknowledge these our errours and that must worke amendment in those that are the cause thereof going in that course wherein now they runne against their King against the Lawes of the Land against their Countrie and against themselues I need not Sennor Don Iuan to produce any other witnesse then the present times for the truth of what I haue spoken and to proue vnto you that the maine cause of all your great mischiefes in a State is a Fauorites inwardnesse with his King suffring no man to Priuar or to be able to doe any thing but himselfe led on with the greedinesse of his owne priuate gaine From this his ill-imployd Greatnesse groweth hatred from hatred enuie from enuie dissention and from dissention euill order from whence you may inferre those other inconueniences that may follow thereupon Let it not trouble you Sir that we are now to march hence In Italie you shall finde another kinde of world and here I passe my word vnto you that I will make you an Ancient Which albeit it be a meaner place then your merits may challenge yet it may serue as a step to aduance you higher I gaue him many thankes for this his friendly offer We tooke our leaues hee was very desirous to goe home alone I earnestly intreated him that I might waite vpon him to his Lodging but he would by no meanes consent thereunto The next day following the Companie marched away without any stay till they came neere vnto the Sea-coast the Captaine spending liberally vpon my Purse We staid waiting there for the comming of the Gallies but three moneths were almost spent before we could haue any newes of them In which time and that which was already past my Purse had spit his venome and my rents began to faile me My continuance at play did likewise put a helping hand to my speedier dispatch so that I was now quite out of Cash and all my money was gone not all in one day but all at all these seuerall times I was as your old prattling Gossips vse to say reduced backe againe to my former state and might walke as I did before with a white Cudgell vnder mine arme How much did I then risent my former follies How angrie was I growne with my selfe What amendment did I propose vnto my selfe now that I had not so much as one single pennie left me in my Purse How many shifts did I vse to conserue my selfe when I did not know against what tree to leane Who forced me to fall in loue without discretion Who made me turne Gallant without moderation Who taught me to spend without gouernment To what end was I so free in my play so franke in my Lodging and so prodigall with my Captaine Quanto se halla trasero quien ensilla muy delantero How often is he cast behinde that is first in the Saddle What a shame is it for a man to follow his delights What a basenesse to be captiuated by his pleasures I was readie to run besides my selfe and was almost out of my little wits that when I had put my selfe in so good a Predicament I could not hold me there and keepe my selfe well while it was well with me Now in regard as well of my youth as these my youthfull vanities I was no more esteemed or respected of any The friends that I had in my prosperitie the free table that I kept with the Captaine the Alferez place and the ensigne that he told me he would bestow vpon me it seemed that they were all strooken with a sudden lightening which had burnt and consum'd them They past as an arrow that makes his quick-feathered-flight thorow the aire like a Thunder-bolt that strikes to death before it be discerned or to the twinkling of the eye which opens and shuts in an instant When my moneyes fell
You shall now doe well to get your liuing else-where I pray therefore get you gone leaue off to doe vs any more harme and goe robbe some other of our neighbours I cannot bee perswaded that this mischiefe lyes in the Lawes but in those that execute them for that they are either ill vnderstood or not well executed A Iudge ought to vnderstand and know as well the man as the matter for which hee condemneth him For banishments were not made for theeues that were strangers but for the Citizens of the said Citie the naturall Inhabitants and such as were noble and well borne whose persons vvere not to suffer any publike punishment nor affronts And to the end that the faults which they committed should not bee exempted from punishment therefore your Diuine Lawes did ordaine these your banishments which without doubt was the greatest punishment of all other that could bee inflicted vpon such kinde of persons For thereby they are inforced to forgoe their friends their Parents their Kinsfolke their Houses their Lands their ancient acquaintance their Wiues and their Children their pleasures and delights and their businesses both priuate and publike being to goe they know not themselues whither and to liue and conuerse with they know not whom Which was certainly a great punishment and no lesse then death itselfe And it was the permisâ—…ion of Heauen and will of God that he that made this Law and was the first Inuenter thereof should be paid home with the same punishment that hee had ordained for others beeing banished himselfe by his owne Countrymen the Athenians Many were much grieued thereat and indured a great deale of sorrow accompanied with infinit inconueniences and perill of their persons and many of them likewise did take it no lesse heauily then if they had suffered the bitter pangs of death It is reported of Demosthenes that famous Grecian Orator and Prince of Eloquence being banished by his Citizens left his Country like a man in desperation shedding many a sorrowfull teare and the more in regard that his fellow Citizens had so cruelly proceeded against him considering that hee had alwayes protected fauoured and defended them both with his head and his hand his wit and his strength and therefore hee did the more risent it making these his troubles and afflictions to seeme the more intolerable to be indured And as hee was wandring abroad in the world it was his hap to come to a place where hee lighted by chance vpon some of the greatest and mortallest enemies that hee had Who then made no other reckoning vvith himselfe but that they would surely kill him but they did not onely giue him his life and pardon all former iniuries but seeing him in this miserable and afflicted state taking pitie of him they comforted him the best they could treating him with all courtesie and kindnesse and furnishing him with such things as were necessarie for him in this his banishment Which was as it were a throwing of oyle into the flame and the meanes of augmenting his sorrow to see that hee should bee more kindely vsed by his enemies then his friends as did plainely appeare when beeing comforted by them in this his banishment he returneâ—… them this answere How would you haue me to carry my selfe how beare my banishment with patience how not complaine of my hard fortune hauing so great cause as I haue to bemone my mis-hap Being that I am banished from that Citie wherein I was borne and bred and am forced by you to seeke my fortune in forraine Countreys where I meet with such enemies that I doubt to finde and I shall account it a great happinesse vnto me that I haue made so good a purchase the like friends else-where They likewise banished Themistocles who being graced more in Persia then in Greece told some priuate friends of his Perijssemus si non perijssemus We had beene vndone if wee had not beene vndone The Romanes banished Cicero induced thereunto by his enemie Clodius anon after that he had freed his Countrie from ruine They did likewise banish Publius Rutilius who was so valiant and of that stoutnesse of courage that afterwards when those of Syllas faction who were the cause of his exile would haue reuersed his banishment he would not accept of this their faire offer but said I will make them blush for shame by neglecting this their kindenesse for by this meanes they shall come to see their owne errour and to acknowledge the wrong they haue done me by this their vniust persecution They also banished Scipio Nasica in requitall of those benefits and good seruices that he had done them in deliuering them from the tyranny of the Gracchi Hannibal the Carthaginian dy'de in Exile Camillus the Romance a man of that worth and valour that it was said of him that hee was a second Founder of Rome for that he had freed it from it's enemies when the whole State lay at stake to be wonne or lost yet notwithstanding this meritorious Act of his he was banished his Countrie The Lacedemonians banished their Licurgus though a graue and wise man and one that had made them very wholsome Lawes for the good of that Common-wealth Nor did they rest contented with this wrong they had already done him but they threw stones at him and strooke out one of his eyes The Athenians very impudently and vniustly banished their Solon and confined him to the Iland of Cyprus as they did likewise their great Captaine Thrasibulus These and infinite other the like were banished and anciently they inflicted this punishment vpon the noblest and principallest persons as one of the greatest and grieuousest punishments which they could impose vpon them I my selfe haue knowne a thiefe who because he was vnder yeeres and not capable of greater punishment hauing beene often-times banished but neuer went forth of his Countrie to finish this his Exile and his thefts likewise being of no higher nature then matter of victuals for his greater punishment the Iustice commanded that he should haue a coller of Iron clapt close about his necke which should be riueted so fast with an Iron pinne that it should not possibly be taken off hanging thereat a little Bell to the end that the ringing thereof as oft as he did stirre or moue might giue the people warning to take heed of him This may truly be called a iust and a witty-conceited punishment Now by this that hath beene said thou maist know how grieuous a punishment banishment is to the good and how ridiculous a thing to the bad To whom all the world is their common Countrie and who account that to be their Countrie where they can best filch and steale For wheresoeuer a thiefe comes he enters into that place as a new Commer and vnknowne Which is no small aduantage for him for the better exercising of his Office the people not thinking any harme of him nor
if they shall not render them all fitting and conuenient thankes But they fall as short of these good things as they doe excell in all filthy and beastly vices vvherein they striue to exceede and be counted the onely men As was to be seene in a certaine Noble-man that was exceedingly giuen to Lying and lash out so vnreasonably in that kinde as no man could outstrip him who one day talking in conuersation vvith diuers other Gentlemen of qualitie told them that hee had killed a Stagge bearing so many branches or antlets on his head that it did plainely appeare to bee a Lye though hee carried it very handsomely They all admired it they said but not gaine-said it that it was one of the strangest things that euer was seene or heard of This lik't the Noble-man well But whilest he and the rest were thus wondring at it Why quoth an ancient Gentleman a neere kinsman of his that was there then in company after a pretty kinde of fashion bringing it forth doth your Lordship and these Gentlemen make such a vvonder at this This is nothing my Lord For vvithin these few dayes I my selfe did kill one in the same Forrest that had two more then this that you talke of When hee heard him say so the Noble-man blest himselfe saying It is not possible and looking angerly vpon him scorning as it should seeme to be out-lyde said vnto him Sir speake no more of this tell it no farther for it is such a thing as was neuer yet seene nor will I for my part euer beleeue it though I hold it a courtesie so to doe The Gentleman with a sterne countenance and vndaunted courage his Age and Alliance heartening him on in a discomposed kinde of voice boldly brake forth and told him Zwounds my Lord me thinkes your Lordship should content your selfe that you haue sixty thousand crownes a yeere comming in more then I without seeking to out-strip me in Lying as you doe in Liuing Let me I pray though I am a poore man lye as I list I begge nothing of you nor any man else nor doe I rob any man either of his wealth or his honour There are likewise a certaine kinde of witty-conceited fellowes that are naturally simple and ignorant from whose mouth oftentimes drop mysticall sayings and worthy the consideration which God it seemes permits them to bolt forth now and then making them also to keepe in such things as are fit to be silenced who though simple as they seeme haue an extraordinarie grace in the deliuering of them Which happinesse lighted vpon one that was a simple ignorant fellow from his cradle in whom one of the greatest Princes in Christendome tooke much pleasure who for some secret causes best knowne to himselfe had discarded one of his grauest and chiefest Ministers And this simple fellow comming one day into his presence which was shortly after the other was dismist the Court hee was no sooner entred in but the King askt him What newes in Court Hee told him That his Maiestie had done very ill in putting N. D. away And that it was without any reason or iustice in the world The King imagined that cause hauing beene iustified by many other of his Ministers that this had proceeded simply out of his owne mouth and told him Thou speakest thus for him because perhaps he was thy friend not that thou hast heard any man else say so besides The Foole replyd My friend In faith thou lyest Thou art more my friend then he I say nothing but what all men say The King was offended that any should dare to question his actions or to examine his brest And being desirous to know if any man of worth had presumed so farre to trench vpon what he had done He replyde and said Since thou professest that so many haue said it and that thou art my friend name one of those vnto me of whom thou hast heard this complaint The Foole paus'd vpon the matter And when the King thought that hee had beene calling to memory whom he should name vnto him hee angerly made answer The blessed Trinitie told it me Now see which of these three persons thou darest apprehend and punish The King thereupon thought that it was a businesse of heauen and so forbore to speake any more of it There are another kinde of pleasant Companions which are good for nothing else but to dance to play vpon Instruments to sing to murmure to blaspheme to swagger to lye and to deuoure victuals good drinkers and bad liuers And of these some are only good at one of these qualities other some at all Wherein some great ones take such delight that they shall haue what they will of them doing them many extraordinary graces and fauours which is a most grieuous sinne To these and only for these Iigges they giue Iewels of great value rich suits of cloathes and hand-fuls of gold which is more then they will doe for a wise vertuous and honest seruant which shall treate with them of the ordering of their Estates and Persons illustrating their names and honouring their house with glorious Titles But rather when it so falleth out that these come vnto them about matters of importance and which neerely concerne them they reiect them and will not be aduised by them Your Presidents Gouernours Counsellors and euery other Officer in Court or that haue ought to doe in the Palace being greedy of honour and blinded with passion if they bee called to speake their opinion they often say that in publike which their owne priuate opinion approues not though it be neuer so good because they conceiue that in so doing they shall conforme theirs to that of their Lord and Master and so mannerly seeme to runne along in the pleasing of his humour As also for that it would grieue them to the very heart that another should get the start of them in gaining their Princes grace and fauour from them So that many are not admitted thereunto for that they had not this trumpe in their hand and would not play the like tricks these getting more by their foule then they by their faire play By reason whereof many things remaine without remedie and redresse and great businesses often-times ouerthrowne And if consultation shall be had of such things whereof great profit may redound to themselues or to the State they will tell the Author thereof coldly and dryly because they will neither thanke him nor reward him Wee knew this before but there are a thousand inconueniences in it But cursed be those Counsellours who because they were not the first in deliuering that sound opinion in such a businesse blame the Author thereof and carried away with the winde of their vanitie and greedinesse of gaine send him away empty but vsing them first as Apothecaries doe their Simples who first distill or pund them in a Morter and when they haue squeez'd all the iuyce and wrung
iourney Purposing with my selfe to make hereafter a new Booke washing away by my vertues those spots which Vice had stained me with all CHAPTER VIII Guzman de Alfarache discourses of Deceit He departs from Rome Hee desires to see Siena where certaine theeues meet with his Trunkes which he had sent away before and robbe him of all that he had THat most famous Philosopher Seneca treating of Deceit whereof we haue said somewhat already in the third Chapter of this booke though all that shall be spoken thereof will be too little in one of his Epistles saith That there is a deceitfull kinde of promise which is made to the Fowles of the ayre the Beastes of the field the Fishes in the waters and men themselues vpon earth Deceit comes vnto vs in that submissiue kinde of manner in solowly and so humble a fashion that they that doe not know her may be condemned of ingratitude and inciuilitie if they doe not set wide-open the gates of their soule and runne out to receiue her with open both armes and heart And for that the arte thereof which is now a dayes professed the studies the watchings and the diligences which are vsed therein are all done with a double minde and set themselues a-worke with a false intent by how much the more the thing that is treated of is in it's nature of that qualitie that we may therein easily commit many errours that may turne much to our preiudice by so much the more secret subtilties crastie Counter-minings cunning Stratagems strong Artillerie and warlike munition she fortifies her selfe furnishing her selfe with all necessarie prouision when she meanes to come into the field And therefore wee need not so much to wonder that we are now and then but that we are not alwayes deceiued And the case standing so I hold it a lesse euill to be deceiued by others then to be the Authors of so sacrilegious a sinne Amongst other things which King Don Alonso would who was surnamed the Wise in-discreetly reforme in nature this was one amongst the rest that he did blame her that she had not made a Window in mans brest that we might see that which he was plotting in his heart and whether his manner of proceeding were faire and sincere or whether his words were feigned or whether like Ianus he had two faces vnder one hood And the cause of all this is Necessitie for if a man finde himselfe laden with obligations and knowes not how to ease himselfe of them he goes about to seeke all the helpes and meanes he can to lighten him-selfe of this load and to come off as handsomely as he can Necessitie teacheth vs the way to all this and makes the hardest and most vntrodden paths to appeare euen and easie to be hit It will breake thorow the thickest Briers and clamber vp the roughest and steepest Rocks It is in its owne nature as is before mentioned in our first chapter full of daringnesse and of Lying And for this cause euen your simplest and most innocent Birds haue their tricks and their subtilties The Doue flies with a strong and swift wing seeking food for her tender young ones whilest another of her owne kinde from the highest top of some one Oake or other calsher and inuites her that she will intertaine her selfe there awhile to ease and refresh her selfe and only to the end that the cunning Fowler may come the more conueniently to make his shoot and kill her The poore harmelesse Nightingale in a wilde and carelesse fashion goes thorow the Woods sweetly thrilling forth her loue-sicke complaints when lo another Bird of the same feather that is clapt into a Cage awaking new iealousies deceiues her with a false call and brings her into the Net by meanes whereof shee becomes a perpetuall prisoner during her life Auianus the Philosopher tels vs in one of his Fables that euen your Asses haue also a minde to deceiue and he maketh mention of one that had put on a Lyons skinne to make all the rest of the beasts of the Forrest afraid who being sought after by his Master when he saw him in that kinde of cloathing not being able therewith to hide his huge long eares he presently knew this his Asse and soundly basting his backe and sides with a good cudgell and stripping him of his counterfeit skinne he remained as very an Asse as hee was before Of all creatures liuing there is scarce any one but will for the effecting of his purpose vse some deceit against him who is carelesse thereof and thinkes not on it As is expressed in that Impresse of a Snake that lay asleepe and a Spider that came secretly downe for to nip him by the head and strike his poyson into him and so worke his death whose Motto speakes thus No ay prudençia que resista al engan̄o No wisdome can withstand deceit It is folly for any man to thinke that a wise man can fore-see and preuent those deceits which like so many Traps and Gins are laid in his way I was not so circumspect as I should haue beene I suspected no trecherie I receiued good deeds I heard good words I saw a man in an honest and fashionable habit who sought to giue me good counsell and seemed to fauour me who had put his life in danger to saue mine who visited me as I thought without any hope of interest or particular profit to himselfe not being able to fasten vpon him so vnwilling did he euer seeme to receiue any courtesie from me so much as a Cup of cold water He told me that he was my Country-man an Andaluzian borne in the Citie of Seuill a principall Gentleman of the house of the Sayauedras and one of the noblest the ancientest and best qualified of all that Familie and who from one of such a qualitie would haue suspected such deceit But all were lyes that he told me for he was of Ualençia whose name for some iust causes I conceale but he spake the Language of Castile excellent well and had the true tone thereof that it was not possible to discerne him to be other Hee was a handsome well-fauoured young man well spoken of a faire behauiour and a fine Companion in his conuersation Who would haue once suspected that he should haue prou'd such a Conny-catching Rascall and that with such ceremonious and feigned friendship he should thus deceiue me But all this cuning carriage of his was but like a Peacocks dressing making this so faire a show that therby he might the better deceiue me that he might haue the freer accesse into my Lords house and into my Chamber to filch from thence whatsoeuer he could handsomely finger I had no mistrust of him in the world but rather held him so honest a man that I durst haue pawn'd my life for his truth He came the other day to visit me and finding that I had altred my habit
suspecting him to be such a one as he is I know not how they vnderstand this who doe punish them thus It were the lesser euill of the two to let them goe among the people with the fore-said Coller and Bell that men might beware of them and not to send one thus abroad where he is vnknowne with letters as it were of credence to robbe all the world No no this is no good course it is not profitable for the Common-wealth nor is there any policie at all in it to doe theeues so great a fauour But for euery light theft it is fit they should be soundly punished As to condemne them to the Gallies to confine them to some Garrison Townes and there to serue and to inflict other the like punishments vpon them for longer or lesse time according to the nature and qualitie of the offence And in case they shall be of an inferiour kinde and not deseruing the weight of your heauiest sentence I would haue them branded as the vse is in other Countries with a hot Iron in the shoulder that may leaue the print of the marke behinde whereby vpon the second theft they be taken with it will plainely appeare what lewd liuers they be By this course they beare not only the marke about them but the cause thereof This will be accusation enough to giue in euidence against them both what they are as also their course of life And I would haue this re-incidencie and relapse of theirs to be seuerely punished And many I make no question this course being taken and duly executed will for feare turne ouer a new leafe and that this their first correction will keepe them in a great deale the more awe lest the continuance of their lewd courses might chance to bring them to the Gallowes This and only this I say is iustice all the rest is Frutaregalada delicious Fruits and minister only occasion to your Escriuanos to be as arrant theeues as they and I know not whether I may be so bold to say that they are willing to set them free that they may goe abroad and steale afresh whereby they may afterwards haue occasion to take that from them which they haue stolne and so of the two proue the greater theeues But I will hold my peace and harpe no more vpon that string For I am a man and may erre and I haue beene already vnder their hands and haue suffred too much through their false dealing and I know not whether I may chance to come againe vnder their lash and then they will vse their pleasure vpon me and reuenge themselues on me without controlement for I know not who can hinder them when they are disposed to worke their will My thiefe was freed he had confest who were the principall Offenders and which way they went for which cause as also that he had rounded the Citie on an Asse and had beene put to open shame he was set at libertie leauing me poore man in the wretched prison of pouertie Where I must now take my leaue of you and bid you all Good night To morrow morning if you be desirous of the rest and would faine know what in the end was the issue of this businesse you shall haue it with all my heart which I shall truly and faithfully deliuer vnto you FINIS THE ROGVE OR THE SECOND PART OF THE LIFE OF GUZMAN DE ALFARACHE THE SECOND BOOKE Wherein Guzman de Alfarache treateth of that which befell him in Italie till he returned into Spaine CHAPTER I. Guzman de Alfarache leaues Siena and goes for Florence He meets with Sayavedra whom he takes into his seruice And before he comes to Florence he recounts vnto him on the way many admirable things concerning that 〈◊〉 And when he was arriued there he shewes him all that was worth the seeing PHOCION a famous Philosopher in his time was so poore that though he tooke a great deale of paines he could hardly get wherewithall to hold life and soule together Whereupon as oft as any in the presence of Dionysius the Tyrant and his mortall enemie made mention either of himselfe or of the manner and course of his life he made a scoffe and a iest both at it and him flouting at his pouertie and deriding his miserie thinking with himselfe that he could not doe him any greater disgrace nor iniure him more then to mocke at the meannesse of his fortunes As if he would haue inferred thereupon that if he had beene a man of that great learning as the world held him to be he might therewith haue gained bread to put in his mouth and not needed to liue in that want as now he did When this came to the Philosophers eare he was not only not grieued thereat but laughing at this his follie he answered him that reported this vnto him It is true sir that Dionysius sayes of me in terming me poore for I am truly so but I must tell you withall that he is much poorer then my selfe and hath a great deale more reason to be asham'd of himselfe if he shall but consider his owne wretched estate and condition For though I lacke money I want not friends I abound in the more and faile in the lesse But as for him though he be rich in money he is poore of friends For I know not any one that he hath This Philosopher could not satisfie himselfe better nor with a righter or fuller blow hit out his eyes then by stiling him hominem sine amicis A man that had not so much as one friend in the world that he could truly say was his friend And albeit it oftentimes so falleth out that they are purchased with money and that this is a principall meanes to winne and wedge them vnto vs yet this Tyrant had neuer yet the wit either to get or keepe them And it is no wonder that he should of all other want them For he that sayes friend sayes in that one word Goodnesse and Vertue comprehending in that all the good that speech or thought can reach vnto Whosoeuer therefore shall desire to conserue friendship and to continue in his friends loue and that the bond of amitie be not broken betweene them must haue a care that his workes correspond with his words But Dionysius being tyrannie it selfe and of too ill a digestion to keepe friendship long and his conuersation being worse then his concoction and for that friends are not so much gotten out of the greatnesse of our fortune as our vertue wanting that he wanted them For mine owne part euer since I had the vse of reason and knew what discretion was I made it my chiefest studie to get me friends though at neuer so deare a rate thinking no cost too much to purchase so great a treasure They seeming vnto me as indeed they are our greatest helps and comfort as well in prosperous as a duerse fortune Who doth enioy the content
went vnto this Gentleman to demand so much of him as he was rated at in their note He refused to pay it Whereupon they distrained on his goods and paid themselues The Gentleman being much offended with this their proceeding goes forthwith to his Lawyer asks his counsell who in conclusion drawes me a petition for him grounded vpon all both Law and Reason wherein he layes open his ancient Gentry and the noblenesse of his House and that in regard thereof he was priuiledged from all manner of sessings and such other the like payments and that therefore he did humbly petition the Court that they would be pleased to giue present order that what the Collectors had forcibly taken from him might againe be restored and be deliuered backe vnto him as in all equitie it ought When this petition was by them deliuered vnto the Alcalde hauing read it and heard what they could say for themselues he called to the Register and said vnto him Mark well what I shal say vnto you see you set it down in the very same words as I shall deliuer it vnto you This Petitioner then said he as he is a Gentleman I will by no meanes debarre him of his priuilege God forbid I should denie him his iust request but as he is a poore man his House growne now to decay and himselfe as you see in want I hold it very fit that he pay as others doe That I had iustice on my side no man doubted it it was so publike a thing that all the world tooke notice of it But I was poore and needy and therefore it was fit I should pay for all and there was no reason in that respect that they should doe mee iustice I presently smelt a rat I saw this was a bad signe and was shrewdly afraid that all my labour would be lost But I could not for all this perswade my selfe nor could it sincke into my head that I should be that man or whom it is said by way of prouerbe Paçiente y apaleado That I must goe away with the wrong and the blowes too First be made cuckold and afterwards knockt for my prating Well such was my hard fortune that being not able to bring in my proofes in so short a time it so fell out with me that my Bill of Complaints was throwne out of the Court and held as a thing of no validitie or force in Law and that of the aduerse part tooke place against me declaring there in Court that I by this my petition had shamed an infamous Lâ—…bell against his sonne by meanes whereof his House and hâ—… honour was much defamed adding and interferting in maiorem cautelam I know not what a world of words and what strange and intricate termes That I did spâ—…te indubitatè c. That I did it wittingly and willingly impudently and malitiously aggrauating the matter against me with all the odious termes they could deuise that if I should set them downe one by one they would take vp a whole sheet of paper Alleaging farther against me that forasmuch as his sonne was a quiet honest and peaceable Gentleman and of a good both report and life I did deserue I know not what exemplarie punishment hanging burning and drowning all was too little that I knew not what to make of it nor what a Gods name they would doe with me Which things wâ—…n they were read vnto me I said to my selfe These men may haue healthy bodies but I am sure they haue sicke soules They may haue good purses but I finde to my cost they haue bad consciences I was carelesse as one that was confident of a good cause I neuer shrunke aside and as I was afterwards going about my businesse that my sute might not fall for want of following I was taken vp in the midst of the street by an Arrest and presently carried away to prison without any other information against me saue only the putting vp of my petition and acknowledging it to be mine There is no sword that hath so keene and sharpe an edge as Calumnie and false Accusation and then cuts deepest when it is in the hand of a tyrannous Iudge whose force and power is such that it is able to ouerthrow and lay leuell with the ground the best grounded Iustice that is though it haue neuer so sure neuer so strong a foundation Which it doth then most and most easily when a poore mans cause comes in his way who suspects poore harmelesse soule nothing lesse then to receiue hurt from him to whom he flyes for helpe My businesse was plaine no tricks no giggs in it I did only set downe the naked truth but they made it I know not how by their quillets and deuices knotty and vneuen though there was not a man neither within nor without the Towne that did not know all was true that I had deliuered and all this did plainly appeare to the Iudge to be so and that I had sufficient information All this is very good yet for all this goodman Guzman giue me leaue to tell you that you are a goose-cap Thou art poore thou wantest fauour and friends and therefore art neither to be heard nor beleeu'd These are not Cases that are to be brought before the Tribunals of men but when thou hast occasion to haue thy cause try de goe get thee to God petition him where the truth shall appeare face to face without any need of the fauour of thy friend nor an Aduocate to plead thy cause nor a Register to record it nor a Iudge to wrest it But here they made a sport of Iustice and like Iuglers plaid leggerdemaine with me They punisht me as an vnmannerly man of my tongue a lyar and a lewd companion I had spent my moneyes lost my goods put in prison gyves clapt on my legs treated with euill language vpbraiding mee with many foule and vnciuill reproches vnworthy my person without suffering me to open my mouth in mine owne defence And when I would haue answered their obiections and giuen them satisfaction by writing when they saw how the world went with me my Proctor forsooke me my Solicitor would not come at me my Aduocate refused to plead for me so that I only now remained in the power of the publike Notarie The only comfort that I had was the generall voice of my wrong comforting me that that terrible and fearefull day would one day come that the powerfull shall for all his power be condemned to Hell and that there your potentes potenter punientur your mighty men shall be mightily punished for that they are accursed of God for peruerting of Iustice. And that which he shall leaue behinde him shall not continue to the third heyre though he tye his land neuer so fast nor make neuer so strong a conueyance that it shall not goe from the house For he cannot though hâ—… would neuer so faine tye the inclinations of those that
bitings which he had receiued from them who had no sooner told his tale but in come the women vnsheathing their malicious sharp-edged tongues grieuously complaining of the Conde who was there present declaring how first with fayre and kinde words and afterwards by violent and forcible deeds hee would haue taken their money from them threatning besides to kill them Then said the Generall vnto them He hath not taken them from you hath he No and it like you Excellency said they How came it then to passe quoth he that he tooke them not from you They answered Sir we did so well bestir our selues with our hands our nailes our teeth and the shreekes that we made to call in company that he mist of his purpose and could not doe it Very good said the Generall and you Ricciolina if your mother had not come in to help you could you thinke you haue made a shift so to withstand the Condes courage that he should not haue taken the purse from forth your bosome Yes indeed Sir said she for I feare him not nor any thing he can doe I care not a straw for him for I thinke my selfe euery way as strong as he yet is it not meet that men should come in this violent manner into poore womens houses to take that from them which is none of theirs Then said the Generall you did both of you helpe and defend one another as well as you could Yes Sir said they It is very well replyed the Generall I like well of it and I must needs say you haue borne your selues well in the businesse But where is the purse I haue it here in my bosomâ—… said Ricciolina Let me see it said the Generall The young wench presently pluckes it out of her bosome Then said his Excellency vnto her Pouâ—…e them out laughteâ—… there vpon the board and tell them anew to sâ—…e if you haue all and that the Conde hath not taken any of them from you She did so and found the number iust Whereupon she told his Excellency they were all there and not so much as one crowne missing Then the Generall who was a very wise and discreet man perceiuing the Condes goodnesse and these other womens wickednesse spake and said Signâ—…r Conde Take you your money againe you haue fought hardly for it it is yours put it vp Then turning to this young queane looking sternly vpon her he said vnto her Thou lewd and filthy baggage if thou hadst defended thy selfe as well as thou didst thy money the Conde could not haue forced thee but it seemes thou wast very wel conteâ—…t that he should haue his pleasure of thee and hauing consented to his will you weâ—…e not forced Minion as both you and your mother haue falsly accused the Conde to whom we iustly award his re-hauing of his 400 Crownes And as for you get you gone and let me heare no more of you and be glad that you scape so for if you were well serued and punished according to your deserts I should send you to Bride well and haue you well whipt ring your mother out of Towne for an old wicked Bâ—…d The Generall hauing pronounced this so iust a sentence the businesse was ended to the great contentment of all that heard it and to his owne no small commendation But to come into oâ—…r â—…ld way againe No force of man can preuaile against the woman that is vnwilling But say such a thing might once in a thousand yeares chance to happen me thinkes it is no reason that a businesse of this nature should be compounded withall for money much lesse inioyne them mariage vnlesse he had formerly giuen her his word and faithfull promise before witnesses but that in this case the fittest meanes were personall punishment either more or lesse according to the qualitie of the delict and that the cause might be handled before the Kings Atturney General that there might be no hope of pardon left to such boysterous offendors Assuring my selfe that by this meanes men would haue more feare and women more shame and would not so often as now they doe commit such like sinnes and treacheries as these For this refuge being taken from them and hauing no hope of remedie or helpe left vnto them they would leaue this lewd course of life and not be so hastie to vndoe both them-selues and others If a wench goe to it with a good will why should shee vrge it was against her will Or if perhaps shee haue not where-withall to liue why should shee picke a liuing out of such disgracefull and dangerous deceits There are a thousand other and farre more honest wayes for a woman to liue by then these But here pitie me thinks comes in and pleads thus A lack poore women they are weake simple and suffer them-selues to be ouercome through their too much facilitie and aptnesse of beleefe and mens too much falshood in their promises and therefore they ought to be much fauoured and pityed by vs. I confesse this plea to be true But if they were either taught or knew before hand them-selues that this their facilitie is a fault in them and that they ought not to be so easily wonne they would learne the better to keepe their cabinet close and not to depart with so pretious a iewell but vpon very good tearmes And this foolish confidence of theirs hath vndone many a woman and is like to vndoe more vnlesse they looke a little better to them-selues This destroying confidence of theirs is like vnto faith without good workes which hath sent thousands packing to Hell Let no woman therefore if shee be wise depend vpon mens promises be they neuer so faire for they promise with passion performe with delayes and seldome or neuer satisfie expectation That woman therefore I say that shall trust any mans faith or promise and shall vpon such false assurance surrender vp her Copie-hold into his hands let her blame no bodie but her-selfe if shee be afterwards cozened and deluded by him There is another kinde of iniustice in the world somewhat neere in this nature which would require some reformation You shall which I haue seene oftentimes haue two fellow-seruants lodge together in one house who being agreed vpon the businesse and both very willing to enioy each other shee like a silke-worme continues her three sleeps with him till at last their Master comes vnawares vpon them and takes them in the manner Who thereupon layes hold on this his vnfortunate seruant who neither tasted the creame nor the cheese of this milke but only that sowre whey which is cast out to the dogs and the swine He puts him in prison where he keeps this poore soule so long till at last growing desperate he is driuen to marry her and the more to increase his miserie they condemne him in a pecuniarie punishment which he and all his whole linage if they were sold to their shirts are not
Spanish prouerb is Mas valia paxaro en mano que Buey volando Better a bird in hand then a Vulture flying Signifying thereby That what a man hath safe and sure in his power is much better then the vncertaine hopes of great matters by reason of those many accidents that may interhappen Couarr Verb Bueytre l De menor danÌ„o mal conçierto que buen pleyto The tyranny of great persons Prouerbe Truthes enemies What abales the â—…dge of Iustice m Pagan los iustos por peccadotes Prouerbe n Mucho danÌ„a el mucho dinero A short tale of an Alcalde Prouerbe Coâ—…nudo y apalcado 〈◊〉 prouerbially spoken oâ—… those who bâ—…es tâ—…e wrong they haue receiued are themselues condemâ—…d 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Covarr veâ—…b Apaleado Guzman clapt in prison Little reckning made of the poore p The Spanish word is Ripio Cerca de los canteros son las piedras menudas que saltan de las pieças que van labrando o otto genero de piedras menudas para rehinchir las paredes bezimo meter vno mucho ripio quanden la meteria que va tratando ingiere algunas cosas friuolas à semejança del que haze paredes que poniendo en las dos hazes piedras grandes todo lo en de medio hinche deste cascaxo y ripio Covarr verb. Ripio q Todo es matas y por rozar id est Todo es trabajoso y difficultoso Ib. verb. Rozar God exalts the humble and humbles the proud a Vare quasi Virga No â—…od comes of â—…ng to Law The nature of Law-sutes Law-sutes for whom they are fittest b No sonbuenas burlas lâ—… que salen à la cara Prouerbe Prouerbe Good counsell for those that goe to Law A Iudge on an ill condition and a worse conscience Wise is that man that auoides going to Law Iniuries to be borne withall c Saltaste de la sarten al fuego Prouerbe Your Tauerneros in Spaine are not of that credit as your Vintners with vs being for the most part poore base rogues Into whose Tauernes no man of fashion will come as holding it to be a discredit so to doe They haue but one poore lower roome and dresse no meate Alguazils are to be auoided What kinde of fellowes they be A Tale of an Alguazil of Granada e Corchete quasi curuacâ—…ete which signifies a claspe that fastens a garment and shuts it close And by allusioâ—… those Ministers of Iustice which hang about a man and hale him to prison are called Corchetes because of their taking hold like hookeâ—… They are the same with your Sergeants yeomen The wicked conditions of these kinde of men Prisons and their keepers what kind of things they be The hard condition of prisoners Iudges doe a great fauour if they doe thee Iustice. f Saualo A knowne fish and of a very good relish And may be cal'd quasi Sapalo à Sapore In Latine they call it Alopa triâ—…a clupea It vsually dies when it comes into fresh water Vid. Rondelecius de Piscibus lib. 7. cap. 15. He that hath to dâ—… with Lawyâ—… must dance attendance g The Bookes of the Ciuill Law which being in many huge Volumes and scattered peeces Iustinian the Emperor caused to be digested into a lesser number and better forme whence they were called Digests Your ordinary Iudge what manner of fellow he is Your superior Iudge what manner of man he is A horrible sentence of a Iudge of Sevill The answer of a country Clowne to an ignorant Painter It is a good thing in any man to neglect 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The Spaniards hated in all places and of all persons The inconueniences that befall Trauellers Good counsell for those that will liue 〈◊〉 quiet Guzman comes heauy and melancholy out of prison The nature and condition of those that stand by looking vpon Gamesters Needlesse curiositie Men ought not to prie into other mens actions Profitable counsell for curious obseruers of other mens faults Mâ—…n that looke vpon Gamesters must 〈◊〉 frâ—… passion The effects of game and gamesters Gaming is vsed for two causes a The Court-Cards are called in Spaine Rey Cauallo y Sota The first is the King as with vs The second signifies a Knight which is all one with our Queene And the third a Soldier which is the same with our Knaue 〈◊〉 gamesters desire to win Money hard to be got Losers grow impartent Guzman means to venture ad his money at play and to make himselfe either a man or a mouse Sayavedra offers to discouer to Guzman the others games Prouerbe Masters must keepe a decorum with their seruants Guzmans and Sayavedras drift The cheating tricks that are vs'din gaming The condition of feare and fearefull men All men spotted wâ—… one Vice or other Guzmans crafâ—…ie dealing a Donde quiera se amasa buen pan Prouerbe Euery man would faine liue All seeke to make their best aduantage A short tale The sayinâ—… of a Negro Guzman purposes to prouide for a deare yeare and showe how it may be done Prouerbe Prouerbe c Todo los meses de a treynta dias d A escuras to dos los gatos negros Prouerbe Prouerbe Free and plaine dealing holds friends together Sayavedra discourseth to Guzman of his course of life d The Spanish pâ—…rase is Oficial de la carda â—…or traslâ—…çion dezimos carcar à vno quando le dan alguna fraterna y es tratado asperamentè Covarr verb. Cardâ—… a Montera is a cap made of stuffe with little or no brims to weare for ease within dooresâ—… your Clownes haue them of cloath Prouerbe Noble minds are euer liberall Prouerbe e Luchar a braço partido es proceder y gu almenté sin ventaja de vno à otro Covarr verb. Braço Prouerbe f 〈◊〉 à sentaâ—… à la mesa con sus manos lavad 〈◊〉 â—…zese dâ—…l quâ—… no â—…a trabajâ—…do como los demas y à la hora de comer no haviendo en zusiado sus manos se viene con los demas à la mesa y come de mogollon Covarr verb. Lavar Prouerbe Prouerbe Sayavedras stealing of a Kirtle * Datario a great office in Rome as also in other places Sayavedras theft at the Constables house h Cientos a witty game at Cards much vsed in Spaine i Mascar a dos carrillos i. Hazerse à ambaâ—… partes contrarias con dissimulaçion Covarr verb. Mascar Prouerbe k Vna mano lava la otra y entrambas la cara Prouerbe Prouerbe l Quieren el pan y las maseras m Con las manos en el seno Prouerbe Prouerbe n Deromavan el poleo sayes the Spanish phrase Lat pulegium Eng. penny royall Quae herba exâ—…tat oues ad balatum Sayavedra's stealing of shirts A short tale of a drunkard Prouerbe o Cabeça de Lobo That is the occasion that a man takes to benefit himselfe As he that kils a Wolfe and carries the head to the Villages thereabout receiuing