Linguistic DNA - Concept Modelling Demonstrator

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	appear_v	day_n	time_n	1,437	5	3.4595	3	false

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A68409	A profitable and necessarie discourse, for the meeting with the bad garbelling of spices, vsed in these dayes And against the combination of the vvorkemen of that office, contrarie vnto common good. Composed by diuers grocers of London, wherein are handled such principall matters, as followeth in the table, before the booke.	Grocers' Company (London, England)	1592 (1592)	STC 16767; ESTC S108793	41,845	96

of the peple passed before him the which he with obedience and patience endured And diuers Citizens of Rome were disfranchised for breathing and yawning a little to lowd in the presence of the Censors wherat they nothing repined This we set foorth for that it should be remembred that if the common breach of lawes decrees be permitted then ensueth not onelie the contempt of the Maiestrate but also the very ruine of that for whose cause such ordinances were aduanced a thinge befallen to the subiect of this matter now in hand namelie in the fact of Garbelling of spices The necessitie of clensing and purifieng whereof in the time of the raigne of king Henry the sixt was then debated and the office of Garbelling was by the same kinge giuen to the Lord Maior Cominaltie of this famous Citie of London but in such wise notwithstanding that it is verie apparant that aswell the Marchantes owners of such spices as the Grocers retaylors of the same Cittie were called to giue aduice for the conceiuing creating of such ordinances therein as might best tend to the benefit of the Marchant the vtterance and sale of the Grocer and the goodnes of the thing garbelled for the health of the people of this realme vpon the which ordinances the Art of garbelling was pronounced to consist it being an habite of working according to right reason and mechanicall or a handicraft the full knowledge whereof was partlie gotten by vse at that time by Richard Hackdie and William Aunsell Citizens and partly by instructions and reason taught shewed by the marchants and Grocers then being and was left to the execution of the said persons the officers aforsaid the which aduises aswel of the said Marchants Grocers and of the saide officers are thus sette foorth 1 The deuisions of Spices by the sayde parties are particularlie set downe 2 The same to be at no time altered Chap. 2. FOrsomuch as euery thing hath his natural proper and inward corruption of which it is eaten and at the last consumeth and beginneth to spread it self in the best part to mar all as rottenesse in spices is their proper euill And for that also the same spices are also subiecte as all other thinges are to accidents and thereby also may be destroied before their naturall ouerthrow as bruses water dust and age in spices Therfore for the auoiding and curing of such naturall corruption when it hapneth thorowly to meet with all such hurtfull accidents to such spices being aliments and nutrimentes to restore and preserue the health of man or to preuent some infirmitie and diseases ready to ouerthrow their good estate We say they as skilfull physitions preuenting diseases and labouring in forseene mischiefs according to the causes wheron the effects of such corruption doo depend haue ordained these deuisions to be obserued in the setting forth those spices with their qualities by way of garbelling and first of Nutmegges The operation whereof we meane not to set foorth being no part of our charge onely for the deuiding of the good from the badde wee holde it necessarie that they bee deuided into three sorts The first the best we cal case nutmegs the which are smooth waightie faire fullof oile The second sort we call Bale the which are also faire and great but somewhat wrinkled and heere and there oile in them and declining to corruption The third and last sort we terme Rompes so termed being wrinkled brused ill coloured and do want their oile and therby are become drie or rotten The which sorts to be so seuerallie put vp Pepper If the same by some accident shall receiue wet or otherwise be euill conditioned wee thinke it meete to be sorted by it selfe and to be kept from the drie Both which to be garbelled and clensed from the dust and corrupt pepper and to be vttered in one sort in such manner as the same dooth arise from the place it came and notwithdrawing the head sort of pepper from the small Maces and Cynamon We holde it best to garbell and clense them into three sorts to wit Lardge middle petit Ginger Gaules Rise and Erreus That the same shal passe into two sorts viz Lardge and petit Cloues Graines Woormseed Anniseed Comminseed Dates Senie and all other things garbellable We likewise think it best to garble and clense them into one good sort from the dust and garbels according to the nature of the thing it self 1 The proofe that those deuisions were by theÌ„ so appointed to be made and kept 2 That the L. Maior and comminalty by two seuerall acts of Common counsell haue allowed the same 3 That the Garbeller therby is excluded to make lawes by himself therein or to alter the same 4 That the common people haue receiued the same as a custome and doo in euery faire and market procure troubles for putting spices to sale garbelled to the contrarie Chap. 3. FOr the approouing of which Deuisions besides the antient remembrance therof lefte with Maister Blaze Saunders late garbellor the same may plainelie appeere in this That in Flaunders Marchantes before then and long since brought from Antwerp Brudges and Roane their Nutmegs and other spices in such condition and sorts as is beforesaid with a seale of the figure of the right hand vppon euery vessell or bagge of case nutmegs and other spices in such condition and sortes as is aforesaid And on their baile Nutmegs a hand with a barre ouerthwart and the other sort without marke And in such sorts the same were bought and sold as by an acte of Common councell holden by your predecessors it may appeare in Anno. 4. of K. Henry the viii To the which deuisions the Marchant Retailor and Garbeller say they shall hold themselues contented without alteration vnlesse there shall bee cause of correction of those sorts vppon search of them by the Garbellor in London as also by another act of Common counsell made in An. 18. of K. Henry the eight it is set foorth the which may appeare at the end of this present discourse The filth and dust of which said spices were helde vnwholsome and not vendible but to be reiected as vnseruiceable your predecessors then were mooued with those reasons to allowe and confirme those deuisions as reasonable and full of equitie betweene the marchant and the retailors and were desirous that the same shuld also remaine and abide for the auoiding of deceipt or losse of the common people who haue in such measure noted and felt the benefite of the said deuisions that now in open faires and places corporate they doo daielie procure the spices sorted to the contrarie to be seysed on as goodes forfeited and not garbelled as they ought to bee to the great trouble of the retaylors and notable detriment Vppon these and such like beginnings and by the acts of Common councell ensuing the facte of garbelling hath had continuance vntill now of late that

marks either by a knot made on the third in the bagge made vp or by a spot of Inke that being confederate with another of their friends who shall come to buy the same of the marchant may thereby know how much or how deepe the best sort doo lie vnder the second or worst sort the which is laied vpon purpose vpon the top of the bagge heerby a man of their intelligence shall take vp the best commoditie and leaue the worst to the retaylor yea and pay lesse for the same then for the remainder the marchant beleeuing that he holdeth the best sorts stil by reason that the best of his commodities is laid vppermost Wherein we informe our selues that the marchant loseth v. pound in the hundreth waight by their differences in garbelling and putting vp of the same The losse runneth not to the benefite of the retaylors but by the bad handling thereof his losse likewise ensueth Besides we take that regarbling is intollerable and falleth out as euil to the retailor as filtching of the best falleth out to the Marchant albeit the waight bee made vp by a little old garbel bought of purpose a matter if it be often vsed for the marchant to looke vnto all which considered with manye more wherein euery one of vs haue a sufficient feeling thereof in himselfe by his owne harme We say that the principall officer may thinke that these abuses are contrarie to the meaning of the firste erection of garbelling and that the good of the Common-wealth heerein is the lawe of this Art and that hee nor his can commit a fault nor yet rest from their duties without the hurt of those whose health and benefite is cheefelie considered in this art the which is but a deuision of the good from the bad spices and not to hinder the marchantes sale or his distribution thereof or the retaylors detriment by sleightes and practises of their owne inuentions and further if he hadde reason of the alteration of anye of these ancient ordinances if these were euill established and coulde obteine suche as are agreeyng with themselues yet in reason hee is to bring aswell the Marchant as the retaylor in hart and mind to helpe the estate therof and he is not of his owne motion to intermeddle in the reformation thereof it being not his priuate affaires and they all are to shewe it to the superiour whom we know and take you to be whose hands are vnbound to dispose and to order these affaires beeing more publike then priuate But to growe briefe in this matter alledged and to set foorth some resolutions in such questions as may arise heerin And first where it is by some marchants Ignorant in the qualitie of garbell and spices the which sometime falleth into their handes that expect not for them alledged that if the antient deuisions shoulde be vsed that then they shoulde sell the best and be constrained to keepe the other sortes as in Nutmegges if they bee deuided into case and baile the case may be solde and the Bayle shall remaine And therefore they like the same to bee doone into one sorte Heerevnto we saye and will amende his account in this manner That if the said marchante haue three bagges of Nutmegs of some 600. waight first suppose that all the rompes bee taken out and that the rest doo way 400. waight being made into one sort worth to be sold at v. shillings the pound it ariseth to the somme of 100. pounde the which if afterwardes they bee deuided into case and baile the case dooth arise to 250 pound waight beeing worth six shillings the pounde amounteth to 75. pound and 150. waight of baile remaining being worth iiii shillings the pound ariseth to 30. pound the whole summe being 105. pound So that it appeareth that the Marchants gaine is greater by these deuisions then by one sort And it cannot be denied but the retaylor shall know better heereby what he buieth then otherwise and the Marchant what he selleth being disguized as is aforesaide and as is heereafter set foorth And thus much the officer herin could tel the Marchant with this that he findeth vpon the sight of the nutmegs now sent from beyond the seas that their factors in those parts care not if the best sorte of Nutmegs be picked out from the second sorte the which they account will serue well enough in London to draw into one sort but he commendeth and coloureth these euils with a commendable title of expedition in that one sort is quicklie doone wherein his gaine is singular as thus He appointeth three men being hired at xii pence the daie a peece to garbell the saide 600. waight of nurmegs into one sort hee taketh as his due xvi shillings These three men can draw those into that sort in half a day and do receiue xviii pence for their labour so his gaine is cleer xiiii shillings vi pence the which if they were dulie garbelled would aske three daies worke the labour whereof ariseth to nine s. wherein it plainelie appeareth that by passing this 600. waight into one sort he gaineth xiiii shillings six pence in halfe a day and by keeping the antient deuisions he gaineth but six shil in three daies the which is the cause of his expedition without care either to the welfare of the Marchant retaylor or to the people into whose hands the same doo passe But wee referre it to your Honourable consideration to iudge what gaine this expedition bringeth in six daies wheÌ„ he hath xiiii shillings six pence in a forenoon The which being by his workemen well noted for recreation sake and to try the iudgement of the saide principall garbeller for a Dilemma in this expedition they will sometime get a heape of small stones and laye them by their worke and themselues will play the good fellowes and let all alone wherewith if any discontentment doo grow by the master garbeller for expedition then they doo shewe these stones and aske him if that be no labour to picke them out and thereby these poore men sometime doo gaine a daies labor or two Wherin for that these workmen haue of themselues found out and required certaine orders to bee kepte among themselues and accordinglie haue made their request to the said officer the which is correspondent to the matter by vs required therefore we haue caused the same their orders to be heerein set foorth to the end that the said cheefe garbeller may be enioyned to allowe thereof as a meane and for a principall correction of theyr former abuses and conuersation by the repetition whereof these persons our friends will bee angred as is very like But it is not materiall so that they bee bettered and for that purpose we are their friendes and anger is better to be tollerated then vice or such inconueniences as are aforesaide But forsomuche as reprehension will breede but small reformation heerein we for that we know

returne the same againe For the bettering and auoiding of which inconueniences wee haue agreed amongest our selues if you shall please to yeeld to the sayde rate required howe to liue by our worke in loue and concorde togither and by what companies and in what sorte Whereby not onelie these discordes maye bee dissolued but your gaine shall bee perfourmed to the vttermoste and your selfe quieted to our good reporte and your owne profite and for the commoditie of all those whose businesse wee shall take in hand Our agreement beeing nine workemen with eight Labourers nowe imployed whose number are not to be increased will handle all the businesse as is declared in this manner following The nine Workemen Horton Hambleton Huxsley Nutting Neale Wright Boomer Freeman Denshire The eight Labourers Archer Warner Phillips Aire Harrison Chadwicke Smith Morris If the worke shal lie in one place then thus Horton Huxsley HaÌ„bletoÌ„ FreemaÌ„ DeÌ„shire Boomer Neale wright Nutting Archer If the worke fall out in two places then these shall worke Horton Huxsley Nutting wright Boomer Neale HaÌ„bletoÌ„ DeÌ„shire FreemaÌ„ Archer If in three places then thus Huxsley Horton Nutting Harrison Hambleton Wright Boomer Archer Neale Denshire Freeman Aire If the worke shal lie in foure places then thus Horton Huxsley Nutting Harrison Wright Hambleton Boomer Aire Neale Warner Smith Aire Freeman Denshire Chadwicke Phillips Our agreement further is that the rate wee require being allowed the ouerplus of the money leuied by the saide rate more then twelue pence the day by anye companies that labour shall be equallye deuided amongest them that labour not Our agreement further is that if the workemen in one place may be dispatched by three or foure or fewer that then those that shall work to be elected by consent of all the rest who shall giue an account to the rest of their worke and value thereof Also we agree that one man shall bee named and appointed by vs of our said companie not onely to trauell and to see howe and where our worke shall fall out but also we agree that euerie of the said companies which shall be dispersed shal be placed and appointed to their work by the said person so to be nominated amongst vs who shall ouersee our workes in all places Item we agree that a booke shall bee made and kept by him in the which the somme and particulers of our worke shall be set downe as well for the preseruation of your dutie as for many necessarie causes to our selues apperteyning about our owne gaine Item we agree euery morning in the time of worke to repaire to your house for your direction notwithstanding and to informe you of the premises the which if you can aduise to better or shall discerne any fault then to giue directions accordinglie The which matters and agreements considered it will plainelie appeere that the same tendeth not to our owne gaine so much as to the credit of the office our quiet and your great auaile And for proofe also heereof if need shall be we can and will produce a certificat request and petition of the best expertest marchants and Grocers in London testifieng and desiring that the same may so proceed for diuers resons by them vsed not to be reiected they finding themselues agreeued and do surmise 1 Firste that by reason of our small wages many of vs doo better the same by imbezelling of their commodities 2 Item That we doo prolong our work vppon purpose to be alwaies occupied and therby doo trouble their houses longer then reason to greeue them and to annoy their affaires 3 Item That there is no ouerseer in that worke so that the Grocers affirme that many things are badlie handled and the marchantes doo impute it to vs but the Grocers doo alledge that we are bribed to amende our small wages Therefore and to auoid all surmises by marchants and Grocers wee haue further thought it good to accept it by an oath from the Lorde maior if these our requests be allowed and confirmed by authoritie And the rather not only to shew our true and plaine meaning in your affaires but cheeflie to draw from you all suspition and obiections which you for want thereof may in any wise conceiue againste these our said requests howsoeuer And vppon the saide oath taken wee require to haue in our seuerall bonds to you made for our true and good dealing it beeing sufficient to passe our oathes in this behalf without any bond or other writing The Oath we meane to take YOu shall sweare that you shall well and honestlie behaue your selfe in the office and action of Garbelling within the Cittie of London without stealing imbeazelling or vnlawfullle or vnhonestlie conueieng away any part of such spices as are lefte to your charges in any Marchants house or elsewhere You shall asmuch as in you shall lie garbell and clense all manner of spices drugs and marchandize iustlie trulie and indifferently according to your skill and iudgement without respect of any person or persons whosoeuer And in these in al other things that to the office of garbelling apperteineth during the time of your worke you shall well and truelie behaue your selfe so God shall helpe you Furthermore our conclusion and request is that you may be pleased to yeeld to our said desires and that if heerevnto you can obiect any thing to the contrarie it may also please you to set downe in writing and that with speed your said obiections to the end that we may answer the same otherwise wee trust you will pardon vs if wee doo sue for the censure of the Lorde Mayor to be giuen in our saide requestes it being more conuenient to allowe of the said rates then either to reteine six men to worke three Labourers at a certeine fee by the yeere and to bind them to execute all the saide worke or otherwise to allowe xviii pence by the daye for euery daies worke to the workemen the rather for that the rest will not bee dismissed it beeing their exercise nor they will not willinglye subiect themselues to be appointed to anye places of worke otherwise then by their owne accord and assent as before is described and as they haue agreed vppon to the which agreemente they doo subscibe their names and doo require to haue it ratified and confirmed by your worship to whome the office apperteineth as wee thinke In witnesse whereof wee haue caused this to bee made and by vs vnder written the xiiii day of October in Anno. 1590. Subscribed Thomas Horton gro Iohn Freeman grocer Iohn Neale William HambletoÌ„ gr Thomas wright Richard Huxsley Iohn Nutting Iohn Boomer Robert Warner grocer Iohn Harrison grocer Iohn Deuonshire Grocer Heere insueth the Acts of Common Councell before remembred made in Anno xviii of King Henry the eight and in Anno the seconde of King Edward the sixt concerning the Garbelling of spices drugges and Marchandize in London Commune Consilium tent apud Guildhall Ciuitatis London

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