with himselfe Certayne of the auncient report that the creature which is hardly procured to laugh is affirmed to be wittie a foreséer of matters vnto himselfe nyggardly and verie studious in the Arte which he daylie exerciseth yet suche a creature sayth the Phisiognomer is prone to be a surmyser and yrefull The person which is heard to laugh lowde or a highe with a certaine noyse decerned in the laughter is indicated by the report of some wryters to be inuericundious and rashe in actions Such a creature that without cause procured laugheth and in his laughing séemeth often to coughe or gape or to draw the head awry is indicated to be variable of purpose and minde enuious lightly or soone credyting and conuertible eyther vnto the good or euill as Loxius and Phylemon report The learned Conciliatore in his Rubricke of of Phisiognomie vttereth that the creature coughing when he laugheth or is at the instaunt encumbred with the hardnesse and shortnesse of breath is iudged to be inuericundious fierce and a Tyraunt as the like the Phisiognomer Cocles obserued and noted in a certaine Prince of Lumbardie Certaine of the worthie Phisiognomers report that whose chéekes are discerned often is smyle is denoted to be of an euill minde of a peruerse cogitation and a lyar and such persons generally or for the more part are malicious dissemblers so that these are not friendly to be trusted but rather to be doubted if we may credite the Phisiognomer when the like especially is matched and ioyned with other accydences of the minde and that their eye lids appeare wrinckled togither with the eye browes ioyned or in a clowdie forme gathered such are then shedders of bloud murderers robbers or théeues by Sea and lande as the Phisiognomer often obserued and noted in many which were the like The creature that smyleth vnto himselfe when he talketh is indicated to be foolish and of a simple vnderstanding as the like the Phisiognomer obserued in a certaine Italian and such are reported to abounde in the Melancholick qualitie The chéekes decerned wrything in the laughter as they were so procured in the derision of an other doe witnesse such a person to be arrogant deceytfull couetous a lyar yrefull and a betrayer or vtterer of secrets The person that lightly laugheth sayth Michael Scotus is denoted to be simple of vnderstanding vnstable vaine lightly credyting of a dull wyt grosse in féeding and seruicable yet in factes or actions not secret The creature that sildome laugheth and séemeth soone to haue done is argued after the minde of Michael Scotus to be stable warie nyggardly yet of a good vnderstanding secret faythfull and glorious in his actions The condition and iudgement of thē breath The. xxxi chaprer THe much breath doth argue the aboundance of the spirites econuerso whose cause procéedeth two wayes the one through the smalnesse of the lunges and the other through the default and straightnesse of the breast Of which the creature much breathing is of great strength and courage by reason of the heate resoluing the moysture especially that dewie moysture after the minde of the Phisiognomer The breath sent forth in due course and order that is betwéene the great and small appearing a meane doth indicate ▪ the quietnesse of heart and a man in minde well pleased as the Philosopher reporteth That person which sigheth without cause and fetcheth the sighes déepe and long doth witnesse the Melancholie to come and that mightie to perseuer in that creature The breath appearing cut betwéene being after an order which in the ende through straightnesse of the breast commeth forth with a heate and sighing doth argue such a creature to be encombred with thought and the disquietnesse of minde And the same to be mixed to some euill if the head especially shake withall That person which with the sighing draweth the eyes awrie is iudged after the minde of most wryters that he then bewayleth the matter come vnto minde deuising with himselfe in what maner he may aptliest bring about and compasse or atchieue the same The creature which breatheth with a certayne noyse through the larger opening of the nosethrils doth then indicate crueltie brutishe furiousnesse and violence to consist in him which of Aristotle is applyed to the passion The breath passing forth troubled and thicke as if the same were after a course of running or through some strong accidents doth then denote such a person to be violent vnaduised hastie and yrefull When the breath shall be decerned short and thicke and through a much cutting off stopped betweene such a creature of the Philosopher Aristotle is iudged fearefull weake of courage and strength That person which with the sighe and countenaunce séemeth as he were bereft with a certaine godlynesse and pittifulnesse suche a one sayth the Phisiógnomer is iudged to be then taken and wrapped wyth the furious passion of loue The singuler Philosopher Aristotle vttereth vnto the mightie king Alexander that when sayth he you shall sée a person much and long togither beholding yea and earnestly looking on your face and that when you againe behold him so looking is of the same abashed and therewith blusheth and giueth especially at that instaunt a sighe against his will and that teares appeare standing in his eyes such a person vndoubtedly loueth and feareth you But if you sée the contrarie vnto this then iudge that creature to regarde you little and to be one that is both enuious and disdainefull The breath decerned lowde cut betwéene and the sighe appearing the like doth witnesse sorow and heauinesse for some losses happened to that creature Hipocrates Galen and certaine other Phisitions report that the breath perceyued passing forth colde by the mouth and nosethrilles in a sharpe sicknesse doth innuate death shortly after to ensue The Philosopher Ptholomeus Paruus vttereth that he which often wéepeth for no cause reasonable shall alwaies be poore and néedie The breath by the report of Michael Scotus comming out so soft that the same can scant be heard doth denote such a person to be greatly encombred with thought which conditiō of thought the eyes in a maner will declare The breath which is decerned sometymes still and within a good while after is drawen and fetched in ouerfast doth argue such a creature as that Scotus writeth to be then occupyed wyth a present great heauinesse of the minde The head if it shaketh as he sigheth according to the minde of Scotus then for the weight of the matter euill handled and euill spoken of it argueth him to be sorie If he doth the like wyth the eyes intentiue or steddie looking such a person bethinketh him rather of the euilles than repenteth him as Michael Scotus wryteth The breath heard light breathing out by little and little without noyse doth denote after the minde of Scotus such a person to be of an vpright minde The person which is heard to breath lowde and smileth withall is iudged of Michael Scotus to be
heares thicke growing about the temples and eares doe denote that person of experience knowne to be of a hote nature and prone to the veneriall act The heares in that place if they shall be bigge and whiter doe then denote vntaught manners and rude conditions applyed to those brutishe sort named the Fryselande men The heares in the same place if they shall be eyther perfite blacke or flaxine of colour â–ª doe then argue a violent and furious mynde applyed of the likelyhood to the Boare The heares soft thinne and excéeding small doe then declare an effeminate minde and courage and that this person not onelye lacking bloude but to be dull of sense and slow When the heares shall be yet much thinner doe then innuate a craftie harde or néere and couetous person applyed after qualitie to the fearefulnesse and couetousnesse both of the Barbarian and Assirian for that the Assirians are by nature excéeding couetous The heares much and grose and flatte lying with a hearinesse of all the bodie in a childe doe witnesse the Melancholie to ensue that is to saye to become franticke and madde When the heares in age are much increased then doe they represent the much adustion aboue nature which so causeth the sickenesse of innocencie and foolishnesse The vttermost line or creast of the heares of the heade if the same reacheth and goeth from the forhead doth then argue a craftie person hauing a peruerse and wicked vnderstanding The vttermost line or creast of the heares if the same extendeth to the forhead doth then note suche a person to be stoute and somewhat wilde This like is thus pronounced by reason of the hotenesse and suche are properly applyed to the nature of Mars The vttermost line or creast if behinde the forepart of the heade at which ended the beginning of heares discendeth towarde the nape of the necke doth then argue such a person in wicked matters to be crafty but in the good lacking discretion and lecherous Such a lyne from the forepart when the same is farre higher from the nape of the necke doth then demonstrate such a person to be slow fearefull of an effeminate minde and many times irefull The heares of the head yellow as Golde doe declare suche to be right Sollistians that is to say of a prowde and hawty minde and vaine glorious The heares of the head soone hoarie doe indicate the lacke of naturall heate or putred flewme and these somtimes witnesse veneriall condicions If a man by the Arte and skill of Phisiognomie maye finde to place in the forhead and face both Mercurie and Mars then suche of skill knowne be founde through the inclination to addict their mindes to Alchymie and in the same to inuent the great deceyte in mettalles and false coyning of money and imagine manye euilles pernitious of which condition being at Uenice I saw two like beheadded for suche a wicked fact in the yeare 1565. Whose bodies and heades after the order of the Countrie were immediatly burned with the scaffolde into ashes but of these the elder and principall was much more spiced with the notes of Saturne retro grade Women by nature waxe not balde in that the qualitie of them draweth néere and is like to the nature of children The gelded persons waxe not balde in that they be chaunged into the feminine or womanly nature but few such at this daye be here with vs except those by happe caused through the incision of a rupture To conclude the horinesse and whitish flaxen colour of the heare of the heade is caused of a flumaticke qualitie such of nature draw néere to the qualitie of women as experience like teacheth of the same Of the iudgement of the head by the bignesse figure and disposition The. xiij Chapter SEing the heade of all other partes of man is most open to be séene it shall therfore be good to vtter largely of the constitution and forme thereof Which the Philosopher seemeth to destinguish and deuide into seuen formes of these the first forme he vttereth to haue no imminencie or bearing out before but behinde the second forme that an imminency contayneth in the forpart and net in the hinder the thirde forme that the head againe lacketh an imminency before not behind and that the same be formally round the fourth forme that the temples in respect haue a more bearing oute then eyther the forepart or the hinder the fift forme that it be in forme like to the Pine Apple the sixt forme that there be a greater distaunce from the eares before then behinde the seuenth forme that it be in a most comely maner proportioned and in these doe Gallen Auicen Auerroys and diuers other learned agrée So that the heade being eyther ouer bigge or ouer small proportioned is nothing at all lyked of them in that the same is corrupted and hindered of the proper vertue For such hauing the like forme when they approche vnto an vnderstanding appeare euidently to be harmed and hindered As a small heade is euermore corrupted euen so a bigge heade appeareth sometimes good and sometimes viciated and euill But the best formed heade alowed of the learned is that which hath an exact roundâ—nesse and is on eyther side a little depressed with an imminencie before and after so that where the temples are a certaine playnenesse may appeare as by example that a certaine balle of waxe made exactly rounde shoulde be somewhat depressed of eyther side than shoulde that rounde forme as the Geometricians affirme most apt to receyue formes aunswerable to proportion For which cause the more lawdable heade is that which hath a meane forme in the proportion and bignesse and coÌ„taineth a decent roundnesse which besides enioyeth an imminency before and after tempered with a little compression or flatnesse Auicen writeth that the cause of smalnesse of the head in the creature is the paucitie or small quantitie of matter but the cause of bignesse of the heade is the great quantitie of matter being spermaticall The braine after Rasis ensueth and aunswereth to the forme of the scull for if the scull shall be small then will the braine be like â—contra The figure also of the scull if the same be corrupted then is the forme of the braine like corrupted Besides the head in smalnesse superfluous must of necessitie be euill That heade is commended which in bignesse is a meane hauing a comly roundenesse and decent eminencie both behind afore hath from both the eares a little flatnesse this Almansor So that mans heade among all other beastes hath proportionally much braynes The males of knowledge vttered haue more braines than the females although the effect may sometimes shew a contrarie to this But of these which are seldome caused or rather by accidence is neyther Arte nor science vttered Mans heade of the diligent search is knowne to haue more ioyntes than all other beastes The man also is founde to haue more ioyntes than the woman The
agréement of all wryters The especiall colours of the eyes are knowne to be foure as the black whytishe variable and gray as the worthy Canamusalis in libro oculorum cap. tertio reporteth and the like Iesuhalis The rounde forme of the eyes is better mouing perfiter and vncorruptibler through the lacking of corners as al the learned agrée in the same The cornered eyes haue very often superfluous moysture standing in them as wryteth the singular Constantine in libro oculorum A perfite forme and condition of the eyes doth denote an honest person as wryteth Gulielmus Nurice Conciliatore Albertus others The eyes bigge emynent doe argue weakenesse and a feeble courage in that these be so caused bigge through the much aboundance of moysture of the brayne in which is coldnesse that sheadeth a long by the members and extinguisheth the bloud So that such a brayne is colder and moyster than it ought to be and in such a body should be the lack both of naturall bloude and courage And as the spirit and store of bloud procureth boldnesse in men euen so doth the cold and moyst qualitie contrarie worke and cause fearefulnesse Rasis reporteth that the eyes emynent bigge doe argue such a creature to be fearefull and applyed to the Hare Cunny and Frogge The eyes outward extended doe denote after the minde of Rasis such a person to be foolishe but the eies déepe standing doe denote such a person to be subtill and of euill condicions through the part of the wicked qualitie yet such be of a good and sharpe sight and sée further than the emynent eyes doe in that the visible spirite is more gathered in the déepe eyes and the seing vertue stronger yea the light is receiued in greater quantitie as by experience is knowne in the Gunner which minding to shoote strayt winketh with the one eye and like the Carpenter in the laying of his lyne right these hytherto Auerroys But through the contrarie cause such hauing the eyes emynent be weake of sight and sée nothing so farre off The large eyes tending into a breeth of the bodye like vnto the eyes of the Parthians doe indicate the moysture of body in that creature Such hauing the eies eleuated and standing highe out doe sée from them as aboue vttered but a little way the cause is in that when the eie is eminenter it is then further distaunt from the braine which is noted the well spring of the eyes So that through the farre distaunce from their spring that is the braine such eies are hindered to sée farre where otherwise the eies standing déepe doe see sooner and further yet such are noted to be of euill condicions Further conceiue that through the eminencie of the eies diuers matters visible are represented so that such in a shorte time can discerne and iudge matters Such also are bablers wythout iudgement through the forepart moyst as afore vttered of the forehead And for that cause are noted vnshamefast and foolish the selfe same in a maner doth the learned Asculanus in his mother tongue write in libro Cerbae on this wise Gli ochij eminenti et in figura grossi Gli ochij veloci cum lo batter sermo Matti e falsi de mercedae scossi By which he concludeth that such are without dyscretion through the small discourse and paucytie of vnderstanding He also vttereth an other kinde in these as the eies moouing fast and quick whych are a note of hotenesse and argueth irefulnesse luxurie and boldenesse applyed to the Hawke and Fawcon The slow moouing of the eyes is a note of coldnesse and declareth sadnesse and fearefulnesse in that creature Such which with the eies mooue the eie lids togither are weake of a feeble mind as Palemon wryteth The eyes whych shut and open togither doe indicate a wicked trayterous person If water shall stand in them doth then denote a studious person and an earnest searcher of Arts as writeth Aristotle Albertus Phylemo Conciliatore wryteth when the eyes are difformally mooued as that one whiles they runne and an otherwhiles cease running although by these as yet no wicked facte or michiefe be committed and done in cogitation notwithstanding the minde is knowne to be occupied with the like And such generally the Phisiognomer hath noted to be of wicked condicions prone through such a conioyning to come to a violent or euill death Yea such a lyke note hath the Phisiognomer often obserued in many robbers by the high waye The Philosopher Ptholomie writeth the the eyes yellow so that the same procéedeth of no sicknesse doe signifie such a person to be a deceyuer and cruell as the Phisiognomer Cocles obserued and noted in sundrie Bawdes and Murderers Further such a colour doth indicate the dominyon of choller wyth a most great adustion of which occasioÌ„ cannot otherwise be caused but the dominion of malignity The eyes which swiftly mooue with a sharpenesse of sight are noted théeues vnfaythfull and deceyuers yea such a note hath the Phisiognomer experienced and iudged many which after were hanged Of these one the lyke was the sonne of M. Iulianus de Pontremulo brought vp and frayned couragiouslye from childe age vnder a valyaunt and pollitike Captayne named Francesco Rouerso on whome he pronounced iudgement in the yere of mans redemptioÌ„ 1492. And before the presence of M. Bartholomew de S. Marino a famous Chirurgian and a most speciall fréende of the Phisiognomers â–ª And as this Cocles hadde afore pronounced and iudged of the yolig man euen so came it to passe through the lacke of grace that he was hanged in the yeare of our Lorde 1496. And this Physiognomer on an other named Tadeus Guâ—dottus pronounced a lyke iudgement which also for theft as he reporteth was hanged by sentence of the lawe For these are well knowne to haue a subtill wyt and the same proner or readier vnto the euill The like confirmeth that worthie Conciliatore where he wryteth that the eyes swiftly moouing and appearing sharpe of looke are noted craftie vnfaythfull and Theeues as of nature these are vttered â–ª The cause is in that through the subtilnesse of wit theft proceedeth and the straunge deceyuing For the subtill wyt proceedeth through the subtilnesse of humours of which insueth the hotnesse of complexion as aboue vttered And the moouing proceedeth through a hotnesse so that when the hotnesse is great then is the swiftnesse intensed The wanne and yellow colour both sometimes indicate the complexion or qualitie of choller adust yet the same tending vnto Melancholy If to a whytenesse to which a gréenisse is admired heate inseweth which of the Phisitions is properly named a leadie colour as wryteth Almansore lib. secundo capit 1. So that this is a swartishe colour if the same appeareth nighe so a rednesse or a rednesse mixed to it which demonstrateth that the grosse bloud to beare sway euen as the quantitie which approcheth to it or as the rednesse which is mixed to it
the fore ventricle where the spirites are letted and of this lacketh iudgement The emynencie also of the eyes is the cause of the representing of many obiects insomuch that such a one can not discerne the congruent from the incongruent of which doth the pieuishe and beastly discourse insue through the confusion of the obiectes The eyes tending vpwarde as the Oxe eyne which and with this appeare redde and are most great doe indicate a most wicked person lewde of conditions a foole a bibber and a drunkard The reason of this effect is in that the same signifieth the weakenesse of braine for as much as such a forme procéedeth of a moyst brayne And of the weakenesse of brayne is the dronkennesse caused through the vapours ascending which togither disturbe the braine The same eleuation of the eyes procéedeth by accidence in that thys is caused through the ouermuch hotnesse whose note is the red colour or the red colour indicateth For of an ouermuch hotnesse is the disturbance of the rationall spirite caused as the lyke we daylie sée in the fyrie yrefulnesse of men Such eyes the Phisiognomer noted in the Citie of Viteberge by one Nicholas a Barbier which in a maner was customably or daylie dronke The eyes directed with the looke vpwarde quyuering and with a palenesse of countinaunce infected doe denote such a person to be of a fierce and an inhumaine wytte of an enuious nature and sometimes a murderer If anye by nature hath the eyes appearing turned vpwarde such a one of nature is Lybidinous applyed to the maner appearing in the dead bodies And in persons at the instaunt coeating as wryteth Aristotle in his Problemes For the eleuating of the eyes is by accydence in that the same is caused through the ouermuch hotnesse whose note is the rednesse of colour of which is a troubling of the rationall spirite caused as we daylie sée in the intensed yrefulnesse of men The eyes appearing retorte if they tende to the right side doe denote foolishnesse but if these tende to the left side then they pronounce incontinencie as the learned Palemone in his Phisiognomy vttereth The extensed eyes with the extension of the count inaunce doe denote such persons to be malicious and wicked the reason is for that the same extension is procured of a drynesse and hotnesse through which the hote spirite is caused euill He which hath the eyes like to the Asse is noted foolishe and dull of nature the reason is in that they be of a colde and drie qualitie of which the impression of kindes is harde to enter so that by the same reason such are foolishe referred after the maner to the slowe Asse The woorser eyes are they which haue eyther whyte blacke redde or any other coloured spottes in them in that such a person is lesse constaunt then any others yea so hardly to be trusted that rather to be shunned except grace and godly education helpe herein And such a note the Phisiognomer many times obserued and considered in diuers Princes Noble men and iolye Lawyers in authoritie Here might a man question and demaunde how it hapneth that such a varietie of colours appeareth in the eyes to which the Phisiognomer thus aunswereth that seing the eyes are verie cléere and of a thinne substaunce which is caused of the waterie humours consisting in them of which the eyes are formed For that cause doe the visiue spirites declare their qualities in the eyes That these also are of a thinne substaunce doth well and manifestly appeare in the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 4w when 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 h hath 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 h 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in that such a one doth then t4spe a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 yf 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 4lking essagl at the beholding of the same with iedwbol t4spse yea and at that tyme doe suche cetinef drâ—ilchi ylineg in the readle if a man may credite the saying of the auncient wryters in this The eyes appearing as they were hidde in the heade that is standing hollow inwarde doe further sée and such a person these argue to be suspitious malicious of a wicked yre and peruerse condition yet verie mindefull especially of iniuries bolde cruell deceytfull a lyar enuyous leacherous c. as that Michael Scotus reporteth The auncient Rasis vttereth that many spots appearing about the sight of the eyes doe wytnesse an euill person and the woorser are those spotted eyne knowne if they be variable of colour The varieties of the eyes doe no otherwise procéede than of the heate eleuating the vapours vnto the eies and how much the more varietie there appeareth of the eyes so much the more doth this argue the inwarde hotenesse to be Howe much the more variable or dyuers in forme the spottes are so much the more and greater is the adustion of the spirites eleuated of which both the varieties of conditions and the great heape of vices procéedeth So that of the great varietie is the honest and lawdable iudgement procured the woorser of all likelyhood Such persons which haue the eyes shyning are noted to be lybidinous and for the forme applyed of the Phylosopher Aristotle vnto the Cock and Rauen. The eyes in rednesse appearing vnto the burning coale doe indicate a most wicked and obstinate person and the cause is for that the fyrie colour doth witnesse a most intensed choller by reason of the hotnesse as afore vttered of the Physiognomer Cocles He which hath meane eyes declyning vnto the Celestiall colour or to the colour of the skie or vnto a blackishnesse such a person is noted to be of a perfite vnderstanding faythfull saruisable The lyke conditioned eyes the Philosopher Aristotle commended highly vnto king Alexander And the same séemeth the learned Auicen to vtter primo canticorum de varietate oculoruÌ„ which argue a temperament if so be the eyes appeare to the colour of the Antymonye for these denote a sharpnesse and readynesse of wyt The worthy Almansor reporteth that those the learned name the better eyes which appeare as betwéene the black and variable a meane if with this these are not much shyning nor that 〈…〉 nor Cytrynesse appeareth in them 〈◊〉 such eyes doâ— demonstrate a good nature disâ—â—â—tion and wyâ—te The reason is for that these 〈◊〉 priuate and fâ—ée from the adustion of choller 〈…〉 adust Melancholy The colour of the eyes celestiall or vnto the Skie and blacke or a darke yellowe whereas 〈◊〉 spottes in any maneâ— appeare and are caused of moyst humours temperate without any adultiâ—â—â— of which a spirite like to nature is represented â–ª 〈…〉 of wyt and speculation 〈…〉 that creature after the minde of Nunâ—uâ— naturae and Conciliatore The variable colour of the eyes signifieth that the spirite of fight in that creature to be the more and cléerer and such the Phisiognomer alwayes knowe and sawe to be well borne that is well complexioned and that those â—o â—e Philosophers and searchers of Sciences and déepe
vngentle in conditions and a niggarde applyed after the maner vnto the apparauncie knowne The Philosopher Aristotle in his treatise of Phisiognomie of the members vttereth that he which hath a fleshie face is indicated to be lesse sapient importunate a lyare and glutton The person which hath a slender or leane face is noted after the minde of the Philosopher Aristotle to be circumspect in his doings and argueth a subtill vnderstanding as the Mercurians possesse and haue That creature which hath a long face is knowne of experience to be froward and iniurious The worthie Philosopher Aristotle vttereth that both of horses and men the same is knowne that whose face is wrinckled of nature and not by accidence is begotten of féeble parents for that the strength of the heart where as the same is féebled draweth the skinne togither And is a note of the weakenesse of the principal members The learned Palemon and Ptholomeus Paruus write that a leane or thinne face doth witnesse such a person to be full of thought cares The auncient Rasis vttereth that such a creature hauing the face like to one drunken is lightly ouertaken with strong drinke procured drunck as the Phisiognomer reporteth of experience The creature after the mynde of the learned Rasis hauing a modest and shamefast face is denoted to haue the like conditions and to be gentle An yrefull face after Rasis doth indicate yrefulnesse which lyke happeneth to be found both in other vices and vertues for that the face of like nature to the lyke passion is euen subiect actually to the same The face marueylous rounde doth innuate such a creature to be foolish but the same appearing very bigge is indicated to be slugguish in the proper actions and of a dull capacitie A verye small face séene doth argue such a person to be euill craftie a flatterer a niggarde for the more part and fearefull The reason séemeth to be in that the smalnesse of the heade procéedeth of the matter of the humor and subtill spirite with a drinesse and through the euill composition of which flattery is caused and fearefulnesse which is a sister of tenacitie as afore taught in sundrie places Conciliatore instructeth that a deformed face doth seldome argue good and honest conditions Nor a wrie countenaunce of nature can vtter after the opinion of Aristotle laudable actions and conditions nor such a creature of experience knowne is greatly fortunate And this note sufficiently appéereth of the congruent apparancie Whose face appeareth long is noted vnshamefast and iniurious and this caused through the mightie hotenesse after the opinion of the Phisiognomer Cocles which is cause of the lengthning out of the same that such through this are so inuericundious The person which hath blown temples and that the veynes and arteryes appeare great iâ—denoted after the minde of Rasis to be verie yrefull and furious The face fleshie if with an euill fauourednesse formed doth indicate such a creature to be fearefull and franticke at times after the opinion of Palemon and others The face grosse with a bignesse of the iawes and rusticall looke doth denote a dull capacitie and rude nature as the Philosopher reporteth The face reddish of it selfe doth witnesse such person to be rough or sturdie and cruell And if the cheekes be onely red then iudge such a person to be often drunke or at the least often ouerséene with drinke The learned Conciliatore wryteth that the face small and couered with a yealow colour doth indicate such a creature to bée vicious a deceyuer and dronkard as â–ª Aristotle reporteth that the same séemeth to declare This verie often hath bene experienced in the Phisiognomers time especially in sundrie Princes head Capitaines of armies Secretaries and Imbassadours which at that day were supposed among them both sapient and skilfull that knewe wittily to deceaue and finde out a deceite Whiles Cocles remayned at Rome he there noted a most wicked person leacherous whose habitude in this place by the way of an example he mindeth to vtter descrybe after this maner He was verie small or short of stature in maner like to a Dwarfe whose heares on the heade were much in quantitie and great especially about the temples were these séene black his face and countenaunce appeared rounde and fleshie informe the forehead bigge and fleshie in like maner the ouerbrowes great through the much quantity of heares the eies bigge tending outwarde in the corners of which were seene many firie spottes his looke was sturdy and wildlie the Pellicles about the eies puffed vp the chéekes were fleshie the eares founde great the nose bigge and shorte in whose middle appeared a hollownesse like vnto the little Dogges of Spaine The nostrils were séene to be large open the mouth in respect of the habitude great the lippes in forme founde verie thicke and turned outwarde after the maner of the Murâ—yansâ— the chinne discerned bigge and round the colour of the whole face appeared wanne adust the bearde founde thicke and black the necke knowne to be grosse and liuely stirring the téeth placed thick or thick standing togither and bigge appeared the vnder chinne séene verie fleshie the breast formed large with great pappes the armes short and fleshie the handes short and in like maner fleshy the fingers small compouned and muscled or brawned the nailes séene shorte informe pale black and rough the shoulder pointes founde verie fleshie the back in respect of the constitution of bodye large and fleshie the belly founde bigge to a Tonne the Pecten séene verie hearie and thicke or much in quantitie the â—diry discerned full of apparant veynes the flanckes and buttocks were fleshie the Peritoneon or space betwéene the legges bearing outwarde the hippes bigge and seene fleshy the legges in respect of the personage were slender the féete small and but a little brawned the soules of the féete were formed with an equall vpper face or euennesse throughout and fleshie the whole personage was founde hote and moyst with a swiftnesse of pase in his going the steps treding shorte and the eies appeared protensed and large open in the going the spéech vttered verie quick breathing strong and thick togither the whole body séene most hearie As touching the forme of this mans hande A the Paulme through the flatnesse of the montes was not hollow B The life line was stretched out long and red in colour C The vpper angle was seperated D The middle naturall lyne was séene red and thwart in forme and euil situated E The mensale lyne was founde great and with inordynate creastes F The monte of Venus bearing vp full G with the Sister of the lyfe lyne situated on the monte H There was a Tryangle no where formed in the hande Iupiters monte not lyned and euill coloured with the Character C. placed on the same Tubercle And on the back of that finger were lynes sëene formed to a starre I The Zone or girdle of Venus in the proper place appeared
if the Iawes shall be formed short wyth such an eminencie or bearing out from the upper part of the mouth doe indicate such a creature to be malicious an euill reporter violent in actions and enuious this especially is verified when as there shall lacke the substance of flesh or the same appeare but thinne these hitherto the wordes of the skilfull Cocles The Philosopher Aristotle vnto the mightie King Alexander vttered that the chéekes formed full â–ª with the temples appearing blowne doe denote such a person to be conâ—oâ—â—ioâ—s hasty in wordes and very irefull the selfe â—aâ—e reporteth Conciliatore in his Rubricke of Phisiognomie The chéekes so small situated that from the eies these séeme parted off doe arguethe fulnesse of humours and that the same creature after the minde of the Phisiognomers to be grieued with the burthen of them The roundenesse of the chéekes formed after nature indicateth enuie and deceytfull condycions to consist in that person after the minde of Phylemon The full or rather fat chéekes are significations for the more part of a sluggarde and drunckarde if we may credite the auncient Phisiognomers The chéekes discerned soft and yll fashioned doe argue such a person after the common prouerbe to be long tongued importunate and talkatiue and this the Phisiognomer Cocles vttereth of experience The worthy Philosopher Aristotle in Methaphoricis vttereth that the chéekes appearing red aboue doe witnesse such a creature to be a drunkarde or great drinker of wine and referred vnto the similitude of the passion in that such which latelye haue bene angred and vered appeare of a blushing rednesse especially about the eyes kindled and caused in the beginning of the yre The cause is sufficiently vttered afore of the Phisiognomer in the chapter of the nature of the face Of the condition nature and iudgement of the mouth The xxiiij chapter THe singuler Isidore in xj Ethimologiarum capit primo writeth that the mouth is so named in Latine Os for that by it as by a doore all men naturally and vsually put in meate and cast forth the spittle prepared or for that all meates and sustenaunce passe by the same into the stomacke and all wordes issue forth of the same to the vnderstanding of mindes To come vnto the matter in the former chapter it hath béene sufficiently vttered that the bignesse of members procéedeth through heate especially the mouth which representeth the naturall and spirituall members as of these especiallye the stomacke For howe much the proportion of the stomacke is vnto the mouth so much is the proportion of the mouth aunswering vnto the stomack for that the inner members are knowne of the Phisiognomers to be hote Of which reason how much the intentiuer the heate is so much the greater will the resolution of partes be For where a great resolution consisteth there of necessitie must insue that a restauration aptlye be procured which otherwise can not be caused but through the benefite and helpe of meates that ought to be in a sufficient quantitie of which the spirites are actiuely ingendred and these in great quantitie which properly cause in that creature yre boldenesse yea quarrelling and fighting Of which it succéedeth that the worthie Philemon Palemon Albertus and Conciliatore report that the creature which hath à great and wyde mouth is a gluttonous féeder yet hardie and prone to fight The selfe same wordes vttereth Rasis that the person which hath a great mouth is knowne to be a gluttonous féeder and bolde The mouth formed small is noted to be of a feminine nature But the mouth deterned great and wyde doth witnesse yre boldenesse quarrelling and fighting such also are knowne of experience to be gluttonous féeders The mouth hauing a small clesing and opening doth denote such a creature to be peasable yet many tymes founde vnfaythfull and faynt hearted the reason of this contrarie is the same which was aboue vttered of the Phisiognomer The mouth in the proper sight or being hauing a seemely quantity in the greatnesse with the lips thinne and appearing small in the closing and to these the eyes shewing smilingly with the rest of the face agréeablie aunswering doth indicate a libidinous person a Cynede or an effeminate creature and a lyar as the worthie Conciliatore in his Rubricke of Phisiognomie vttereth A small mouth in forme appearing prominent outward doth denote wicked conditions in that person to be false in promise and a betrayer The mouth discerned small hauing thinne lippes doth witnesse a féeble minde and courage but this person deceytfully and malicious Where or in whome the mouth shall appeare very farre bearing out and rounde with a thicknesse of the lippes and that the vpper lippe foldeth outwarde is for the forme applyed of the Philosopher vnto the Hogge and signifieth by the agreement of Authors that such a creature to be nastie péeuish cruell and a foole as the Phisiognomer of experience hath many tymes noted The best condicioned mouth after the agreement of the Phisiognomers is when the same appeareth not ouer moyst in that the moysture of the mouth and lippes doth argue fearefulnesse and malignitie in that creature as the worthie Albertus reporteth and the same the Phisiognomer Cocles affirmeth of experience The mouth that sauoureth swéete especiallye in the breathing doth indicate an honest person wittie both in the giuing and retayning warie secret coueting fayre thinges and faythfull yet easily ledde eyther vnto the good or euill through his light beléeuing if we maye credite Michael Scotus The mouth that sauoureth yll in the breathing doth denote such a creature to be diseased in the Lyuer besides of a grosse vnderstanding lightly credyting of a base wyt a coueter of other mens goodes lasciuious deceytfull a lyar a teller of vaine matters and newes if Michael Scotus may be beléeued Whose mouth in the speaking is drawne awrie is noted of experience to be diseased with a rewme discending from the heade yet is the same eyther stronger or weaker procured euen as in the doubling vnto the other proportions and this of obseruation doth the Phisiognomer Cocles witnesse The iudgement of the forme and condition of the lippes The. xxvij chapter AT the ende of the Iawes are the lippes formed which are compowned of a soft fleshe in that these by a double motion are aptly moued as in the one by a proper maner vpwarde and in the other by the motion downewarde and these caused by motion of the lawes from one to the other both in the closing and opening which is the cause why the lippes are named to haue a good and perfite motion The vtilitie of them by the agréement of all the Phisiognomers is and serueth for the furthering and helping of spéeche and that these may through the helpe of the lawes aptly and well close togither for the better beseeming of the countenaunce The colour of the lippes towarde the opening of the mouthe is redde thorowe manye veynes of bloude deryued vnto that place the note of which is
of meates and the fumosities of them which dayly ascende on high vnto the partes of the Iawes much lyke to the smoke of an Ouen heated that passeth so long through the thincks of the same vntill those passages through the heate are wholy stopped that no more smoke can after passe through them Euen the like doe the fumosities of man issue forth into the maner of heares which are properly named the heares of the Bearde The colour of the Beard doth sometymes expresse the qualities quantityes of the humors yet hitherto hath not the same béene heard of that any man saw a flaxen white bearde for as much as the flegmaticke humor is not founde so mightie as to engender heares of the lyke colour through the depriuing and lack of naturall heate to â—leuate the sufficient matter vnto the engendring of the lyke coloured heares Here perhaps some will argue and affirme sayth the Phisiognomer that there is sundrie tymes séene women bearded yet these are not founde of a flegmaticke qualitie but rather the same doth happen in that the humors are so subtil that of nature such are procured to be hote For out of these creatures doe heares spring yea they sometymes appeare on their Iawes but properly these appeare about the mouth where the more heate doth abounde and such a woman séene the lyke is named of all men bearded here conceyue sayth Cocles that the like woman founde is iudged to be verie luxurious through hir hote and moyst qualitie of which the lyke creature séene is not onely noted strong of nature but to be of a stowte courage and manly in hir factes The persite woman is knowne to be sufficiently naked of heares especially about the mouth such a creature after Phisiognomie is reported and iudged to be of a good qualitie that is to say bashefull fearefull honest weake of courage gentle of behauiour and obedient Here sayth the Phisiognomer doth a solemne doubt arise and the same is why men are séene bearded not women for the more part which doubt séemeth to be put forth by the learned Gulielmus Nurice to which Cocles aunswereth in this maner that the same maye be gathered to procéede of the efficient the materiall and finall cause for as much as these properly serue vnto an ornament and comely bewtifying of the woman and in euerye kinde the Males are séene comelyer bewtisted with the same than the Females Which condition of the heares properly serueth vnto a defence of the iawes in man that the woman for the like defence and necessitie nothing néedeth at the least so much as the man through which the sense of féeling is knowne to be of greater force in man So that the man by this reason may better indure to go bareheaded and naked in other partes in the bitter colde weather than the woman and suffer greater stormes on the bodye than she maye without harme to insue A strenger reason maye be rendred and giuen of the effecient and materiall cause seing the Males in generall are knowne to be whoter than the Females For which cause the fume in men that is the matter precuring the heares is founde both more and mightier than in women which seing the same is knowne not able to be consumed for that cause God and nature togither ordayned two apt places in man for the passages of them as the one by the head other fitly by the chinne iawes which forme the beard of man Which maner fumes consisting in the woman for as much as they appeare not to be so many and mightie as well knowne they are to rest in the man for this cause are these properly and naturallye sent forth by the heade And a note of the like effect we sundrie â–ª times knowe and sée by women founde of a hote and moyste complexion that appeare bearded we sée contrariwise that in the colde and dry men these for the more part haue verie little or no beardes By which reason we gather sayth the Phisiognomer that the séemely beard waxeth not in the gelded person for as much as those partes haue then loste the benefite of their hotter qualitie through which these shoulde engender the hote humours and fumes that properly are the matter of the heares in them And by a like reason of the former wordes it appeareth that the thicknesse of the beard and great hearinesse in generall is an euidente note and iudgement of the substantiall heate and moysture and of naturall strength consisting in that creature Here may this argument also be propowned that seing children are knowne to be hote and moyst why they waxe not bearded as men to which doubt the Phisiognomer thus answereth that the smokie superfluousnesse which is the especiall matter of the heares that issueth forth of the heade and other partes of the bodye doth in them passe and serue to their increase and nourishment the like wordes in a maner appeare afore vttered by the singular Constantine Conceaue sayth the Phisiognomer that how much the plentie and force of heate consisteth so much the more store and quantitie of heares succeedeth in that creature For which cause a man must carefully beware of those persons which ouermuch abounde in the most great store and plentie of heares on the bodie when the complextion of such is especially founde adust The Phisiognomer Cocles wylleth a man to beware of those persons which haue a red beard in that the same coloured bearde indyeateth a heape an abundance of adustion and a mightie hotenesse to consist in these creatures through which such are knowne to be luxurious deceauers and lyars and in them by report of the Physiognomer doe the principall heape of vices rest vnlesse that grace godly education séeme otherwise to contrarie the abouesayde The bearde decerned comely and well fashioned doth innuate such a creature to be of a good nature of reasonable conditions congruent to all thinges and manered after his bringing vp Contrariwise iudge of them which haue the beard not séemely formed or euill fashioned in the length as appeare thin the gelded persons which after these are depryued of their genytours be then greatly chaunged from the nature of men into the condition of women as reporteth Aristotle in libro de Animalibus The singuler Phisiognomer Cocles obserued and noted in sundrie subiects which hauing long and séemely beardes came after certaine yeares vnto a frensinesse and some of them to be starcke foolishe The Phisiognomer also reporteth that he obserued and knewe sundrie creatures which possessing and hauing verie long beardes fell from their estate and were oppressed with myseries and these in his time yea he knewe and vnderstoode of certaine noble persons which were expelled their proper country and of these especially in the precincts of Italie The like iudgement sayth the Phisiognomer may in a maner be vttered of the beard decerned soone hoarie as afore was taught in the chapiter of the heares in generall for as muche as their
and foolish in actions as both Almansore and Conciliatore report And for the like forme aptly applyed vnto the Oxe and Frogge hauing such condicioned rybbes The rybbes of the woman formed narrowe and the flancks like are especially caused through the lacke of naturall heate in that creature The auncient Rasis vttereth that the smalnesse and thinnesse of the ribbes doth innuate in that creature the debilitie and feeblenesse of coeating The condition and iudgement by the notes decerned in the quantitie of the space betweene the necke vpward and the Nauill downeward vnto the mouth of the stomacke The. xlv chapter THe Philosopher Aristotle doth Phisiognomate by the quantitie of the partes which are betweene the nauill and necke and the mouth of the stomacke saying on this wise that suche persons which haue the same space larger which is from the nauill vnto the bottome and ende of the breast than that coÌ„sisting from the end of the breast vnto the neck are iudged gluttenous of a dul perseuerance The reason why such are reported to be gluttons is for that such haue a big belly and great stomack a great stomak â—ayth the Philosopher requireth much meate or foode by reason of the great quantitie and not of the qualitie of which these by an earnest desire couet to eate much meate And such are knowne to be of a dull vnderstanding and perseucraunce through their mightie filling of meate more than néedeth which of the same procureth weake senses in them But such a creature which hath the space consisting from the nauill vnto the breast lesser in distance than the same which is from the breast vnto the neck hath by the report of the Phisiognomer a great or large stomack the stomack here ment for the proper belly of which this person is knowne of obseruation to be weake of body short liued The reason of this is in that the bellye or rather the stomacke consisteth colde through the smalnesse of the same of which this ventricle or stomack sayth the Phisiognomer doth not orderly and well digest but rather ingendreth superfluities in it and of the same such are prone vnto diseases or sicknesses and to be short lyued And the multitude of sicknesses procured in that creature are occasioned and caused through the intensed hotnesse which the same purchaseth and by the meanes of the bowelles and other members néere placed that hastily drawe from the stomack the meate by a force vndigested The learned Aristotle also vttereth that when this space aboue described shall be decerned equall such a positure and condition of the lyke is commended highly of hym for that thys argueth a due proportion of the members contayning in them an apt and good digestion in that creature But a contrarie to these aboue vttered doth Aristotle report that such persons which haue the partes from the Nauill downewarde as vnto the belly larger appearing than the partes which are consisting vnto the breast as vnto that named Pomum granatum are denoted féeble and weake persons of bodye and of likelyhoode to be short lyued for the reason and cause aboue reported Such persons which haue that space larger consisting from the ende of the breast vnto the neck than that extended from the Nauill vnto the poynt or ende of the breast such after the minde of the Phylosopher Aristotle are denoted strong wyttie and of a readie vnderstanding Gulielmus Nurice in his Phisiognomie reporteth that the like wordes in a maner to be vttered of the singuler Aristotle where he wryteth that when the partes consisting from the nauill downewarde shall be decerned larger than these which are appearing from thence vnto the breast are iudged to be weake of body and short lyued The condition and iudgement of the inner partes which are consisting from the nauill vpwarde vnto the beginning of the stomack The xlvj chapter IF the Hypocondria or inwarde partes so named shall be decerned harde in the féeling and sufficiently or well compowned with bones doe witnesse the Masculynitie and that such persons to be fierce cruell and quarrellers or fighters as the auncient Palemon Albertus and the learned Conciliatore vtter Such Hypocondria doe certaine report that the worthy Plato possessed yea the like creatures as Albertus and Conciliatore report are applyed vnto the fierce Lyon. But if these partes named Hypocondria shall be decerned to be couered with a soft fleshe these then sayth the Phisiognomer Cocles doe denote an effeminate minde and womanly courage to dwell or consist in that creature and the lyke affirmeth Conciliatore in his Rubrick of Physiognomy Such which shall haue these partes weake boned and wrinckled and compassed with a thinnesse of fleshe like vnto the Hypocondria of the Ape are of the Philosopher iudged wicked of behauiour and full of shrewde or euill turnes applyed for the like condition and forme vnto the Ape The signification and iudgement by the notes of the belly The. xlvii chapter THe Phylosopher Aristotle doth here instruct howe a man maye Physiognomate by the habitude of the belly in that the belly is knowne to be the same which receyuing the meate as Isydore reporteth doth throughly digest it and conueyeth the excrementes forth that be superfluous for which cause this of nature formed bearing and appearing outward Suche which are sufficient fatte aboute the bellye that is well brawned and that the bellye beare not to much outwarde are denoted strong after nature applyed for the forme vnto the male kinde And such a condition of it is reported to be naturall so that the composition of the belly after the minde af Constantine is formed fleshie after nature yea hotte and moyste and this through the occasion of digestion properly Of which Rasis vttereth that such creatures which possesse bigge bellies after nature are noted to be libydinous great féeders and that spéedily digest meates Such creatures which are decerned in a contrarie condition to this as hauing flatte bellyes not sufficient brawned and these founde soft are denoted and iudged to be weake of body and for the forme applyed vnto the apparaunt congruencie In that we commonly sée sayth the Physiognomer that such possessing leane bellyes procéeding of anye accydent as eyther of to much fasting or of a sicknesse caused or procured otherwise of any accydentall cause are argued to be vnapt to learne and to conceaue déepe matters yea weake of body and courage And howe long soeuer such continue in the like passion and so long they tende or leane vnto the womanly condicions and courage after the agréement of Aristotle Albertus Conciliatore and others The learned Aristotle doth also vtter in secretis secretorum that he which possesseth a bigge belly is denoted and iudged to be an vndiscréete person prowde foolishe and often desiring to coeate for the hotnesse resting in him A meaue proportion and forme of the bellye decerned with a narrownesse of the breast doth indicate such a creature to be of a déepe vnderstanding of a good discretion and
eleuated yet as vnto the other partes and powers is the spirite comprehended of the bodie Although the inner affectes of the spirite can not be iudged by the outward notes of the body yet may the accydences of the spirite minde according to those which togither alter both spirite and body be iudged as Aristotle reporteth in secundo priorum Auerro is vttereth that the accidences not naturall cause no note but in the spirite as if any knoweth the Arte of Musick he hath the note in the spirite and not in bodie formed of the same The lookes also of men although they doe not differ in the essentiall kinde Yet doe these differ in the kinde accedentall So that the accidentall difference of lookes in man doth onely suffice for the difference of conditions But if anye shall here obiect that sentence written in the seuenth chapiter of saint Iohns Gospell where our Sauiour willeth none to iudge rashely after the vtter appearaunce of the face or looke but to pronounce and iudge a righteous iudgement To this maye thus be aunswered that the same saying of the Lord was spoken vnto them which in very deede were wicked persons of malicious conditions yet not of the matter and cause doe they procure a iudgement but through the accepting of persons and in the hate or contempt of men are they so alienated from the truth of the matter in iudging which otherwise must be eschewed and that especiallye where the person is occupied in the celestiall doctrine Thys is also to be learned and noted that anye person as afore vttered to iudge alone by the face mightily to erre and be deceyued so that necessarie it is to gather and marke sundrie other notes of the bodye and after to pronounce iudgement and the same not firmely but coniecturally As by thys example may well appeare that if the Phisiognomer earnestly beholding and vewing any merrie person by nature doth sée him at that instant tyme through some hap verie sadde of countinaunce and doth of the same iudge hym to be sad by nature where he contrariewise is of nature merrie or otherwise appearing then merrie shal iudge him of the same to be of nature merrie where perhaps by nature he is giuen to be sadde must néedes through these lyke greatly erre and be deceyued in iudgement Here also note that there are two maner of passions as the one naturall and the other accidentall The accidentall are those which consist of the spirite and for the same that they consist of the spirite no alteration in body is caused as of the Arte and science and these by notes in the bodye are not indicated But the naturall which for that they consist in vs as afore taught for that cause doth some alteration appeare in the bodye as yre feare and such like of which hereafter in this worke shall be intreated To be briefe this Phisiognomie is aknowledge which leadeth a man to the vnderstanding and knowing both of the naturall motions and conditions of the spirite and the good or euill fortune by the outwarde notes and lines of the face and body Yea by the pases many times is the heart bewrayed and the voyces as Aristotle reporteth are notes and vtterers of the inner thoughtes all which vnder the Phisiognomicall science are contayned Lucius Scylla and Cesare dictatoure by the helpe of this science founde out and iudged the wylie craftes and disceites of their aduersaries manye times that secretly conered their malicious mindes by their fayre shewes The most singular and prudent Plato in his Phisiognomie vttereth these wordes that the man which hath members like to any beast insueth his nature as he which hath an Aquiline or hauked nose vseth and exercyseth Aquiline conditions as magnanimitie cruelnesse and gréedie catching The common sort at this day without any reason and learning doe pronounce and iudge certayne matters verie straunge of men as when he sayth of anye fowle looke this person pleaseth me nothing They also say God defend and kéepe me from the fellowship of that person marked as are the bunch backed and gogle eyed persons By which euydently appeareth that the bodily notes of Phisiognomating by the naturall conditions of men doe procure and cause a great probablenesse although no necessitie To conclude all the workings and passions of the spirite appeare to be matched and ioyned with the bodie which especially appeareth in the passions of the concupiscible or desirefull spirite as are yre méekenesse feare pittifulnesse mercie and such lyke which are not caused without the locall motion of the heart dilating and drawing togither Of thys the bodies of diuers men are diuersly disposed according to the dyuers dispositions of spirites in that mens spirites through dyuers members are diuersly disposed in their passions To ende the conditions and naturall affections that consist in the sensytiue part is reported of the Phylosopher Aristotle to be the sense gyuer being common both to men and beastes The knowne signes and notes both of the healthfull and sicke bodies after the condition of the foure qualities First the signes and notes of a hote qualitie The. ij chapter THose bodyes naturally hote doe most speedily encrease and waxe fatte as the like in yong children doth well appeare But after yeares such waxe drie their veyues apparant in the places and beating fast Also their breath strong their voyce lowde mightie and great of strength Iustie and strong to coeate and much or verie often desiring thereto Such also doe féede well brooke and digest their meats Further they haue much heare on their heade and in other places the like where as naturallye the same shoulde growe and that thicke bristled speciallye on the breast The cause of which procéedeth through the much heate of the heart as the like may appeare after the minde of auncient men both in the Lion and Cocke The signes of those bodies of a colde complextion or qualitie The. iij. chapter THose bodies naturally cold doc slowe increase and come to a fatnesse their veynes appeare bigge and apparaunt but their pulses beate slow Also their breath lowe in the hearing hauing a small voyce and weake to câ—eate so that sildome desiring thereto of the which such beget few children They also be great sléepers and sléeping often yet eating little weakely digesting and bearing their meate euill Further such be white of skinne with some rednesse mixed and in the féeling appeare cold with the heares thume and slowe in the growing whether the same be blacke or white Also dull of witte fearing or trembling of a light cause and weake to labour The signes of those bodies of a moyst qualitie The. iiij Chapter THose bodies naturally moyst be tender and soft of fleshe corpulent wyth their ioyntes and bones hidde and weake of strength that they can not long or but a while endure to labour so that the wearinesse of labour is soone espyed and séene in them Also such feare and tremble in a maner for euerye
by the custome of it That person which hath a fyrie rednesse on the breast and face is inâ—amed with yre and easilye commeth franticke and mad as the like of these the Phisiognomer hath knowne by experience in sundrie persons and referred to the passion The redde colour of the heares of the head intensed is a note of craftie wiles and deceytes of much yre and of fransinesse when as the same declareth the aboundance of choller The browne Chestnut colour doth declare vprightnesse and the loue of iustice and all report especially Nuncius naturae in the seuenth booke of the nature of beastes and in the first Chapiter of the condition of a Nurse where he vttereth that of those the better and healthfuller sort are they which be browne in colour than the whyte woman and haue a helthfuller milke the selfe same affirmeth Auicen 4. de animalibus Those persons hauing a flerie redde colour or néere to it doe retaine anger long that harde to be qualified and appeased and harde to be ruled when they be angred and suche are referred to the passion that is vnto the maner appearing in any such grieuously angred Those persons which haue the veines of the necke extensed and appearing bigge and eminent out with a red colour tincted doe retaine anger long and suche an vngracious anger that harde it is to be appeased Those also as the Philosopher wryteth be referred to the maner appearing for that in such an yre this hapneth as that the veines to be extended and magnified through the boyling and swelling vp of the bloude and spirites from the heart which so retch out those veines as is aforesayde and the like iudge in the forhead where we vtter iudgement of the lynes there séene The iudgement of the colour and substaunce of the heares of the head and in all other places of the body The xiii chapter NVncius naturae vttreth in lib. 2. de partibus cap. 14. animalium that of all lyuing creatures man in especiall is thickest and hath most plentie of heares on the head The cause of which matter is applyed as well vnto a necessitie as vnto the reason of a helpe and succour For necessarie it was that the heares should be both for the moysture of the braine and seames of the scull for where the most quantitie of humours and heate is there of necessity must the great plenty of heares growe for the reason cause of a defence that the daylie increasing growing of the heares couering the head may so defende and succour it from the extreme colde and mightie heate Seing mans brayne in proportion is greatest and moystest for that cause it néedeth especiallye a defence c. Isydore reporteth that the heares of the heade were ordayned of nature to couer and beséeme the head that these might so defende the braine from the colde and heate of the Sunne Albertus in lib. de animalibus cap. 3. reporteth that the heares procéede of the grosser vapours issuing by the poores of the skinne of the heade sent forth by heate through the narrowe holes of the skinne which dryed and hardned in the comming forth through the outward colde of the ayre And the heares of the head which slowly increase through the lacke of bloud is a note that the complexion to be verye moyst That if these spéedily increase is a note that the body declyneth vnto a drynesse But to come to the matter the heares of the head doe naturally declare the qualities quantities of humours and the conditions of the spirite or minde The Phylosopher also in 5. de generatione animalium cap. 3. vttereth that the cause of the bignesse and smalnesse of the heares of the head is most chiefely caused and growe out of the skin and not out of the flesh when the humour in them is euaporated and breatheth forth seing we sée that the grosse heares doe spring out of a thick and grosse skinne and the small heares out of a thinne and soft skinne these hytherto Aristotle So that when hotenesse and drinesse be conioyned the heares of the head doe much sooner grow waxe many thick For as much as the much quantity signifieth a hotenesse and the bignesse of them a much fumositie And for that cause in yong men there is a more quantitie than in children for as much as the matter of children is vaperous and not humerous And the contraries of these doe folow their contraries Further the signification by the part of the figure is that the crispednesse declareth a hotenesse and drinesse for the same is caused when it findeth a tortuousnesse both of the holes and powers but this doubt is not here resolued when as the complexion is altered although the two first matters be chaunged The playnnesse and flat lying of the heares of the head doth signifie a contrarie that is coldnesse and moystnesse as euidently appeareth As touching the part of the colour the blacknesse signifieth a hotenesse which blacknesse is here ment like to the cléere horne with a roughnesse and somewhat tortuous The whitishnesse signifieth a coldnesse but the citrinnesse and rednesse signifieth an equalitie and the whitishnesse doth eyther argue a vehement coldenesse as the horinesse or a strong and mightie drinesse which like hapneth in the vegetalles when they are dried which from their blacknesse or gréenesse passe into a whytenesse and this like hapneth not to men but in the ende of drying sicknesses Auerroys quarto colligit capitulo of the notes of the complexion of the whole bodye reporteth that the signification of the colour of the heares of the head is not verified for the more part but in temperate climates although in euery climate may be somewhat coÌ„prehended in comparing the men of that climate dwelling there vnder As for example in the Germanes and Moores of which the Moores are black and their heares are crisped with an vttermost tortuousnesse yet not for this is their complextion hote but rather these notes ought to be attributed to the outwarde heate seing they are knowne rather to be colde through the heate vaporating But the Germanes Wendenland people and those which dwell in the colde countries are white of body their heares yellow and plaine yet not for this is it generally to be sayde that they be colde but rather that their complexion is very hote in that the heate is included in the inwarde partes of their bodies as the like hapneth in the winter time Gallen vttreth that the white heares of the head doe declare a cold complexion and the quality of a deminished coldnesse hath the heares of the heade yellow to Gold and the complexion of a diminished hotnesse hath the heares of the heade redde in colour Auerroys wryteth that in whome coldnesse is lesser than hotnesse hath golden or yellow heares on the heade in that the yellownesse doth signifie the complextion of a diminished coldenesse And the rednesse of heares on the head doe declare a complextion of
lesser hotenesse than is the qualitie hauing black heares and this for a truth is true in that the rednesse is néere and a neighbour vnto blacknesse like the yellownesse and whitnesse The golden colour of the heares hath an equall and temperate qualitie of the yellow and red mixt and compound togyther these hytherto Auerroys The ayres and Countries haue an operation in the cause of the heares of the heade which diligently is to be obserued and noted seing it is not to be doubted at that so well in the blacke heares as the yellow is the equality of a like complexion declared here we apply Iupiter seing it hath an ayreall nature Nor in the heares of the Illirian the blacknesse which of his qualitie signifieth a hotenesse when as their kinde hath the same The ages also doe worke in the matter of the heares of the head for that yong men be like to the Meridionals children like to the Septentrionals and olde age as a meane betwéene both The heares of the heade much in a childe doe argue that his qualitie as he groweth turneth into the Melancholie and in an old man the like signifieth that he is presently Melancholick By these we vnderstand that the heares of the head lying playne doe denote a coldnesse of the braine especially when they are soft in the féeling for these doe then declare a fearefulnesse and pusillanimitie applyed to the Indians and shéepe for as much as this is a moyst complexion as the learned Albertus vttereth Those which haue the heares of the heade so much crisped that these be in condition like to the dried Pepper as the Indians are which dwell vnder such hote places that doe make blacke and crisped the heares so much euen like to the dried Pepper by which most wryters doe digestiuely note a weakenesse When in them shal be a most great resolution wrought and that moysture is diminished then doth olde age fast come on For such which dwell in those Countries become olde at xxx yeares and their heartes are fearsfull and weake of courage which well declareth that the kindes in them be much resolued The bodies dwelling in hote Countries are lighter than others as the same wytnesseth Aristotle in Methaphoricis where he putteth a difference of the Countries in Phisiognomating Conciliatore in .10 partic proble reporteth that for the much hotnesse causing the moysture to euaporate forth by which accidence their members are like wynded and wrythed and generally the lyuing things of those clymates which euydently is declared by gréene woode dryed which depryued of the proper moysture appeareth winded and wrythyne when the moysture doth not equally breath forth thorow out except it hath a viscous moysture verye vnctuous For which cause in Phisiognomating it behoueth to consider many matters and notes The colour of the heares of the head yellowish like to honny doe declare the dominion of coldnesse through the heate couered in the moysture as the like are in children yet the persons dwelling Northerly haue the like condition through the region which much beguileth in Phisiognomating vpon the like subiect And such persons to Venus are attributed so that the same be eyther of nature or by Arte. The heares of the heade grosse and black are applyed to Saturne yet is not the same to be like considered of them as of the Spaniards for this declareth them to be subiect to the earthly and shadowye moysture The heares verie blacke and rough and not plaine lying doe signifie a hotnesse in that person as the white heares doe indicate a cold complexion Ionnitius in hysagogis vttereth that there are foure maner of colours of the heares of the head that is to say the black the red the gray or flaxine and the hoarie The black colour procéedeth through the great much quantitie of the kindled choller or by the much combustion of the bloude but the red colour through the mightinesse of heate not adust of which the heares are alwaies caused red the flaxine colour procéedeth of the aboundance of Melancholie but the hoarie white is caused of the ouermuch lack of naturall heate and through the effect of rotten flewme this for the most part is caused in olde persons And these somtimes declare the veneral conditions The colour of the heares like to the cléere horne are attributed to the nature of Mars So that the heares be not grosse but somewhat small and this through the subtilnesse of the humours And that they also be black through an intensed heate which like appeareth in the bred baked on coles from which the moysture flyeth so that by the long lying on coales the same is made black When in the other partes of the bodie there is an ouer much hearinesse séene there doe the starres of Saturne and Mars worke their vertue and suche are noted to be robbers or lurckers by the highe waye especially when the eye browes be verye thicke ioyning ouer the nose and that the eie liddes be hearie but when the breast shall be only hearie doth declare a hote and stoute person The whole bodie couered with heare both thicke and rough doth denote such a person to be of a more brutish will and nature than manly When the nape of the neck from the heade shall be hearie doth denote that person to be strong and couragious and such applied to the Lion. When the Phisiognomer by anye occation procured came either to Princes courtes or Noble mens houses would at the first beholde and thorowly consider on euery syde the Officers and seruauntes about the Prince or Lorde but especially their faces As touching these did on a time at request mooued vew and earnestly marke the faces both of the Officers and other seruaunts continually attendant on the person of a noble Prince named Astorgius Fauentnus but among these hée especially regarded the Secretarie of this prince whose personage and forme was on this wise This Secretarie by report of the Phisiognomer was small of stature in bodye slender the colour of skinne and face wanne a little necke somewhat short Mercuries line in the forheade conditioned in a retrograde maner the other positures of the face and bodie in a maner aunswerable to the figure here demonstrated as touching the iesture of body he went vpright making short paces and troade very fast on the grounde And the Phisiognomer in further considering the others about this Noble man perceyued sundrie of them to be both subtill and craftie deceiuers through which their Lorde by them he throughly conceyued to be greatly abused and indamaged but specially through the occasion and meanes of that notable deceyuer the Secretarie aboue described All which the Phisiognomer well weting did by a similitude framed to the Prince vtter these wordes that he as an Angelicall rose was in a maner suffocated and choked by the wicked thornes daily conuersant about him Thus by manye outwarde signes maye a man finde out the qualities of the minde and courage As
when a woman is aparelled decked in mans apparell which doth then declare hir nature to draw néere to mans As the like did that woman of courage named Fracassa who commonly vsed to weare by the report of the Phisiognomer mans apparell and would vpon a brauerye manye times arme hir selfe at all poynts to iust and runne sundrie times so armed at the ring The forme of which woman by the earnest vew of the Phisiognomer was on this wise shée had a small heade and Pineapple like a necke comely formed large breasted séemelye armes aunswering to the body but in hir other partes as in the hippes buttockes thighes and legges nere agréeing to mans This manlye woman also walked vpright in bodie treading light on the grounde and bearing hir head playing like to the Hart. The other notes of this woman did the Phisiognomer for breuitie sake here omitte Yet he thus concluded that by the sundrie notes which he vewed shée was prone to come to a violent death These verses of the Italian Franciscus Asculanus may aptly be applyed in thys place touching the great deceyte and subtile practises of many Strumpets in their deckings and other wanton alurements to the mightie harme and vndoing of many men as the like well knowne by that coragious woman aboue described who drew for the personage and singuler beawtie many a worthy Capitane and Souldiour to hir company For which cause this man mooued with a loue and pittie towardes his countriemen wrote these by the way of a perswation in the mother tongue as followe De non credati a femina scioccha E non vacenda lor ficta bellezza Ma riguardati come dentro fioccha Miri la mente cum gli occhij cerueri Che alhora perderai la sua vaghezza De lei mirando li socij misteri That some light vnderstanding may be conceyued by these verses he vttereth in them that he woulde his countrie men to beware of the counterfeyt beawtie of most women with them in that the same not naturall but like framed by Arte with waters tinctures and suche like The Phisiognomer also reporteth that manye women like delighted to garnishe and decke vp themselues carrie the heade after the maner of the Hart with the eies rolling and turning here and there still turning the head one whils on the right side an other whiles on the left yea vpwarde and downewarde which argueth an especiall vnstablenesse and an vnsatiable luxury in that creature In so much that if they intensiuely possesse or haue these then suche be for the more part ercmeriti and of experience sayth the Phisiognomer doe I report this Where sundrie men are named to be Effemynate is vnderstanded and ment two wayes the one when as such be delighted to go in apparell and decked with ornaments like to women the other to appéere laciuious and weake both of will and courage The qualitie of which apparently declareth that the minde for the more part doth like ensue and aunswere to the dispotion of the bodie For such be noted of experience to be vnfaythfull and euill reporters and lyars in that they thus through their counterfayting aunswere in partes to the kinde fraudelent and wylie Further the youthfull delightes in men is séene vnto twentie yeares or néere vpon for that the naturall heate is all that time couered and hinde of the moysture The knowledge of which is well discerned through their members then being soft that suffer in a maner as the women The wearing of heauie garments customably doth perfitly argue a heauie braine but the garments light doe witnesse a light braine which rule and note much furthereth the person minding to Phisiognomate on any subiect The heares of the heade blackish in colour if they be meanely thinne as writeth Palemon and the like Albertus Aristotle and Consiliatore doe then denote honest condicions and both a good disposition iudgement and nature in that person The heares of the head yellowish and meanely thinne doe denote that the Sunne and Mercury to beare sway in the qualities and nature of that person after the minde of the Phisiognomer which I thereto agrée The learned Consiliatore writeth that he which hath the heares of the heade and in all other partes of the body standing vpright is argued by iudgement fearefull for that such persons in great feare appeare the like which for that applyed to the condition of the passion A lyke reason of the same vttereth Albertus which affirmeth that the windie moysture is cause of such an vprightnesse and staring of the heares Yet be the heares somtimes crisped curled and hard which procéede through the drinesse in the sharpe heate is causing and working the lyke The worthy man Almansor writeth that the crispednesse of the heares and of these standing vpright doe demonstrate a hote qualitie and hastye nature in that person Here in the first persons touching the colour of the heares and the effeminacie of parts doth the Phisiognomer aptly apply the Moone and Venus but in the seconde kinde doth he néerer attribute the Sunne or rather Mars The heares of the heade lying flatte and reaching out on the foreheade doe denote a strong person ▪ yet brutish of likelyhood in condicions for that the powling of heades in our time may greatly beguile the iudger and these applied to the Beare and other wilde beastes A like iudgement the Philosophers vttereth that the roughnesse of the heares of the heade do denote in many lacking education and grace the rudenesse of maners and wilde behauiour The heares of the heade after the minde of the Philosopher Aristotle very thinne doe indicate an effeminate minde for the lacke of bloud through which not onely a slownesse but a womanly courage and dulnesse in conceyuing is procured A muche quantitie of the heares of the head lying flat and appart on the middle of the foreheade folding and winding vpwarde towarde the braine or crowne of the heade doe argue after the agréement of Authors that such a person to be both subtile and wilye yet in honest and iuste causes not founde so aduised and wittie for which reason attributed of the Phisiognomer to the barbarous sort The heares of the heade flat lying of eyther side descending to the forheade doe declare such a person condicioned to the nature of the Horse The heares next the temples small and thin ▪ doe denote a colde person and weake of strength ▪ the reason of which séemeth to bée for that the temples supply that place where the great Arters and Uaines doe ende And in this the place shoulde naturally be hote through which causing the engendering of heares in that the same is procured of heate For which cause when the heares of the temples be small and thinne doe then denote the lacke of naturall heate and applyed to women being there bare of heares The heare by the temples thinne yet founde stiffe doe then denote not only a fearefull person but colde also by nature The
of the foreheade which with a certaine musculous and thinne substaunce fastned to it is vnited or ioyned togither that the inner partes of the hands and soales of the féete with the tendons doe agrée and worke togither The foreheade distinguished or deuided of the bones lying vnder the vtter skinne doth onely consist of two mouable skinnes and briefly the whole is lose in it selfe and of the same is vndoubtedly mooued by a voluntarie motion The skinne of the foreheade doth mooue togither with the eie liddes by certaine muscles and sinewes at the opening and shutting togither of the eyes The musculous thickenesse lying vnder the skinne of the foreheade by which the eye browes are drawne vp and the motion of the foreheade caused hath his hearie fastnings tending downewarde which cut ouertwhart by an vnskilfull Chirurgian doth after cause that the whole skin of the foreheade doth slyde or fall downe to the eyes The plaine and euen forheade without anye wrincles is the same which doth beare or bosse nothing outwardes but contayneth or hath a certayne euennesse thorow out And suche persons are noted of the Phisiognomer to be contentious and full of variances the reason is for that the same signifieth a grosse skinne of the foreheade and of the consequent a like witte and the hardenesse of flesh which cannot be placed of which the rudenesse of vnderstanding ensueth through the Organ not due proportioned And such also be hote and drye persons which is the cause of the tention of the foreheade so that through the paucitie of vnderstanding they be caused brawlers and contentious In all matters is their a certaine outwarde note by which we finde those that are not answering to the eyes that is to say the inward notes not séene Of this appereth that the nature of the proper matter hath his and Philosophie naturall hath his which it skilfully noteth The person that hath a bigge foreheade is slow and dull witted compared vnto the Oxe in that the Oxe is a slowe beast which hath a bigge foreheade But the foreheade small doth denote an vnstable person The foreheade large doth indicate such a person to be inclined often to chaunge both minde and purpose but if the foreheade be very large then such a person for the more parte is noted to be a foole of small discretion and dull witted as both Aristotle and Auicen write The foreheade to be large after the agréement of writers is ment to be formed with a due quantitie both in the length and breadth The foreheade rounde and fleshie doth argue such a person to be irefull if the same especially be bearing or bossing out and with this lacking discretion dull and slowe who of the Philosopher aptly applyed to the Asse The forehead ouermuch standing forth that the same séemeth bossed out in the middle doth signifie the excesse of choller and such for the more parte are disposed and inclyned vnto the Chollericke and hastye passions as vnto the fransinesse and furious hastinesse A like to this that if the foreheade hath as it were a proper bearing forth or knobbe bossing out and certaine dentings in or little furrowes to be séene doth by practise of the Phisiognomer signifie such a person to be rashe wylie and false of promise yea this like by the reporte of Adamantius doth denote sometimes foolishnesse and fransinesse or madnesse in that creature so that the other signes and notes of the partes aunswere and agrée The foreheade little and narrowe doth indicate such a person to be foolish and a small likelyhoode in him to be taught or to conceyue anye learning to purpose yea nastie sluggish and a gluttinous féeder applyed for these to the grunting Sowe But the foreheade small that is thinne of skinne and very narrowe in a swarte person doth denote him to be lasciuious soone mooued to ire ouer liberall séeking desirouslye acquaintaunce and a note of small witte in him Here note that the foreheade small and hauing a thin skinne doth indicate in that creature subtill and moouable spirites econtra For the spirite is a subtill substaunce aereall cléere and produced of the lightest and most thinne part of bloude by which the vertue of life is caried vnto the proper actions of the same So that where the ouermuch thickenesse is of the foreheade there of necessitie must the grosse spirites be ingendred which are not apt to meditate or conceyue déepelye for the expulsiue vertue which is weaker in that person And the vertue vnited is stronger or mightier than the same dispersed so that the spirites vnited can not aptly discerne the congruent actions through the ouer emptie large and flegmatick place The foreheade ouer thinne of skin and wrineled doth argue the lacke of braine and consumption of the substauntiall moysture as the like appeareth in aged persons and in those which by dayly and continuall sicknesses are wasted and brought very leane The foreheade long doth witnesse suche a person to be wittie apt to learne or to be taught yet somewhat vehement in causes many times For these of the Philosopher aptlye applyed to the fierce Dog. new acquaintaunce and a note of small witte in him Here note that the foreheade small and hauing a thinne skinne doth indicate in that creature subtill and mooueable spirites â—contra For the spirite is a subtill substaunce aereall cléere and produced of the lightest and most thin part of bloud by which the vertue of lyfe is caried vnto the proper actions of the same So that where the ouermuch thicknesse is of the forehead there of necessitie must the grosse spirites be ingendred which are not apt to meditate or conceyue déepely for the expulsiue vertue which is weaker in that person and the vertue vnited is stronger or mightier then the same dispersed so that the spirits vnited can not aptly discerne the congrueÌ„t actions through the ouer emptie large and flegmaticke place The foreheade ouer thinne of skinne and wrinkled doth argue the lacke of braine and consumtion of the substanciall moysture as the like appeareth in aged persons and in those which by daylye and continuall sicknesses are wasted and brought very leane The foreheade long doth witnesse suche a person to be wittie apt to learne or to be taught yet somewhat vehement in causes many times For these of the Philosopher aptly applied to the fierce Dogge The foreheade square hauing an equall and moderate largenesse agréeable to the heade and face or according to the maner of the other parts doth argue such a person to be vertuous wittie of honest condicions and of likelyhoode to be hardie and couragious for which of the Philosopher Aristotle aptlye applyed vnto the Lyon. The foreheade playne and wholye without wrincles doth indicate suche a person to séeke and be desirous of great honour and the same aboue his reach and possibilitie to be compassed being one also of small discretion spitefull and very irefull or that continueth long angrie obstinate and full of strife A
like to this doth Adamantius write that the foreheade long leane and holow to testifie suche a person fearefull craftie and desirous of honour The foreheade that bosseth out vnto the edge is of some allowed especiallye if the same well aunswereth to the heade But if such a roundnesse occupyeth and causeth the smooth and playne stretching out at length of the temples and that the same is bare of heare doth indicate in that person the towardenesse and worthynesse of wit the desire of honour and arrogancie suche also valâ—antly attempt bolde and mightie enterprises as the same noted sundrie times of the worthye Phisiognomer Cocles The person that draweth or knitteth togither the skinne in the myddle of the forehead with the ouerbroowes is not onely noted to be wayward and irefull but gréedilie bent and fixed to the horrible excesse and gréedy coueting of money much to be detested as Palemon Loxius Morbeth Conciliatore write The foreheade as Thaddeus Hagecius reporteth stretched out playne and euen and the same as one smilyng doth argue such a person to bée a flatterer and hardely to be trusted as the same of experience noted which maner of appearance the Philosopher Aristotle doth attribute and apply to the kinde of the passion in that the forehead thus stretched throughout equal and smoth is laboured as it were by a made or dissembling meanes The same also is named of the Phisiognomer and Thaddcus agréeeth thereto a counterfayted foreheade when it thus appeareth wholy retched out playne and smooth As by a like may well appeare in such persons at what time they flatter and in the Dogge fawning for an intent which then maketh smooth the foreheade The foreheade clowdie through wrincles doth signifie such a person to be bolde fierce couragious and terrible compared of the Philosopher for the like to the furious Bull and Lyon. A meane condicion of the foreheade betwéene the former vttered doth by iudgement of all writers decently agrée and suche a person hath béene noted for the more part to be gentle ciuill of an honest nature and indued with good condicions as these of experience noted by the well practised Phisiognomer Cocles The foreheade appearing in a sadde maner with a heauie countinaunce doth argue suche a person to be full of mourning and heauinesse and applyed to the effect in that such which wayle and mourne haue then a heauie countinaunce and be full of sorowe The foreheade drawne togither or wrincled in the midle doth signifie such a person to be irefull and reuenging The foreheade long leane and holowe doth denote such a person to be fearefull craftie and desirous of honour The foreheade hanging downe and shadowed as it were doth indicate such a person much inclined and prone to shed teares for which reason these of the Philosopher are aptlye applyed to the kinde of the passion and to this doe the later writers agrée The foreheade bigge is alwayes caused thorowe the bignesse of the bone grosenesse of the fleshe and thickenesse of the skinne contrariwise the foreheade small is through the thinnesse of the bone fleshe and skinne as both the Philosopher Aristotle and Palemon with others doe write The foreheade appearing deformed through the manye wrincles déepe by which the same named fowle doth signifie a sorrow full person and applyed of Aristotle to the kinde of the passion in that suche which sundrie times vexing and gréeued in minde doe then vtter and shewe a like wrincled and deformed foreheade The foreheade bare of heare as Thaddaeus Hagecius writeth and hauing a plaine and euen skinne except the same within the vpper face aboue or ouer the nose doth signifie a malicious person deceytfull and full of ire yea contentious many times The forehead clowdie or lowring and wrincled yet in the mydle of the same more wrincled doth togither indicate with the two best vertues as both stoutnesse of courage and witte the most hatefull vice of crueltie to consist in that creature after the minde of the Philosopher The foreheade very great rounde in forme by the bearing out and bare of heare doth not only argue by the agréement of all writers such a person to be hardie and stoute of will hardlye to be brideled but a dissembler and lyare the rather if the other partes aunswere The foreheade long with the countinaunce or face long and slender and chinne like slender and thinne doth not onely after the minde of the Phisiognomer and Thaddaeus denote such a person to be rigorous and cruel but bearing rule to be a Tiraunt The foreheade confused by wrincles and the face appearing puffed vp through an ouermuch fatnesse doth indicate an vnstable flegmaticke groâ—e and dull witted person by the agréement of Palemon and sundrie other learned The foreheade narrow to be foolishe and the same long in forme vnapt to learne This high swolen or bolned out and rounde to be a deceyner subtill and wilye The foreheade wrineled to haue déepe cogitations and burdened with cares The same rounde in the bossing out to be not onely enuious but craftie The foreheade large after breadth doth denote suche a person not onelye honest condicioned but frée of expences and liberall in giftes as Loxius Philemon Palemon and sundrie other writers reporte Certaine reporte and rightly in the same that the foreheade ouermuch wrincled doth argue vnshamefastnesse in that persone the reason is when the vertue apprehensiue and conceyuing is weakened the same then cannot orderly discerne the congruent from the incongruent of which insueth those that are wrought without shamefastnesse The cause of this is in that the forepart of the braine â–ª is very moyst and of the ouer much moysture is this great wrinckling caused of the forheade Yet note that the wrinckling of the foreheade may like be procured of two causes as of drinesse and moysture sauing the difference is that the same which procéedeth of drinesse doth not occupy the whole foreheade so that this signifieth irefulnesse in that creature and anger in the other person of a moyster qualitie The reason is for that the person discerneth not the same which causeth and retayneth both the ire and hatred without due cause and suche also are knowne for the more part to be full of variaunces and strife yea couetous and euill tongued Oh how many vaine Phisitians be there sayth the Phisiognomer which nothing at all regarde nor care for the science of phisiognomy yea they in a maner wholy deride the professors of the same thorow their simple trauaile and studie bestowed in the science Auicen reporteth in secunda quarti Capi. 26. that necessarie it is for a Phisition by Phisiognomy dilygently to consider in the face eyes and other members the euill forme not naturall and that he especially regardeth at the first whether the same forme note be naturall according to the indiuiduate like aunswering so to pronounce iudgement The like wordes in a maner reporteth that worthy man Galen in his first booke of complexions Henricus and Guido
gogling of the eyes is caused through the mollifying and loosenesse of certayne Lacertes c. and after the same he reporteth that this gogling is sometimes caused through a drynesse as the like hapneth in sharpe agues c. and this sayth the Physiognomer serueth aptest vinoÌ„ our purpose in that the same corroborateth the drynesse which is cause of the heares and tâ—â— causes also are assocyated vnto the procuring of a wicked effect And I neuer saw sayth the Physiognomer the goggle eyed person wythout a mightie heape of vices full of fraudulent iniquities and contumelious and the like doe I affirme of the one eyed persons hauing the other notes aunswering as aboue taught The auncyent Rasys affirmeth that such hauing much heare on the ouerbrowes are noted full of thoughts and very peâ—siâ—e or most commonly sadde and their spéeche vnséemely â–ª and grose So that this text confirmeth choller adust and melancholie humours and is the cause also of many thoughts and that such muse and be thinke great matters A like note the Phisiognomer diligently marked in sundrie robbers by the high way as aboue reported by the sayde Cocles And such also are deâ—â—oâ—rers of Maydens théeues and murderers for the more part â–ª if their faces be couered with a palenesse or wholy pale and on sundrie like formed the Phisiognomer pronounced iudgement by order of lawe and death to insue which not long after hapned to the admiration of such which knewe of the same An example of a notable théefe and ingenious in stealing and robbing who in the Physiognomers tyme was hanged for his wicked factes doth he here place by the waye for the better furthering of such as minde to iudge by the Arte on subiects like proportioned Thys person to come to the matter was figured on thys wise he was of a meane stature leane and slender of body proportioned in the â–ª members and partes of the same The heares of his head black curled thinne and long â–ª the forheade square and in the middle euen the heares of the ouerbrowes bended and thicke and in the discending ioyned in the cone of the nose The eyes were meane of forme déepe standing in the heade hauing glystering and firie spottes the cheeks somewhat bearing out through the helpe and meanes of the bones there placed The face was long the nose meane as the same protensed vnto the mouth and chollerick of forme the part vnder the nose foucated the mouth small the lyppes thinne and the neather as the same were downward folded The chinne extending to a sharpnesse or in a maner sharpe downeward on the top foucated and rounde the bearde small and thinne The colour of the face was whyte shed or couered with a certayne palâ—nosse his paâ—e in going like to the Pecockes and that in a soft maner His stature after nature was rather vpright than stouping or crooked yet crookedly did this person walke by hymselfe as one musing by the waye His legges were slender the féete small and fine the héeles little and very flat he went verie séemely and neate in apparell The shoulder poyntes behinde were somewhat bigge and a little crooked The handes fayre and comely with the fingers long and paulmes long He was a person by report of the Physiognomer of fewe wordes yet quick of spéeche and his actions for the more part were done with much expedition through a passing wyt great boldnesse and courage â–ª In as much as vnto the Physiognomy of the Planets the Phisiognomer affirmeth that the blacknesse of the heares of the heade and thinnesse of them and cryspidnesse and quicknesse of spéeche and motion of the body and nose protensed and chollerick or hooked these indicated that Marses vertue to beare swaye in him for as much as in the respect of bodye he had the breast large and shoulder pointes bigge which togither were a note of hotenesse â–ª in that person The thinnesse of the heares signified a drynesse to be in him His pase musingly or as one full of thought with the eye liddes drawne or gathered togither and ouerbrowes ioyning through the thicknesse of heares ouer the cone of the nose the eyes hollow or déepe standing and Peacockes pase The eyes thus lowe situated did denote a Saturnine disposition in him and thys especiallye the fewnesse of wordes and hardnesse in vttering them The longnesse of face with the chéekes like figured as aboue vftered the lippes thinne and colour of the face wanne indicated a Mercuriall disposition the forhead especially square The ouerbrowes arcuated the lippes small the sharpnesse of chinne and the Fossils of them the decking or euen dressing of the heares and fine apparelling of the whole bodye fine féete with the héeles small and flatte indicated a veneriall disposition The glystering eyes and spottie were by reason of the dryeth of the Animall spirites consisting in the brayne For that the same fyrinesse and adustion procureth men without the great grace of God vnto theftes robberies Saturne also increaseth drynesse in that person of the Sunne the Moone and Iupiter I wryte not in that I remembred not the notes agréeable at the wryting of this It suffiseth vs sayth the Phisiognomer that we onely wryte howe Saturne and Mars beared swaye and procured this person vnto theftes Venus vnto gaming Mercurie was in place in his genyture which caused him to be ingenious And hereof it succéeded that this person had a small and thinne beard To conclude this conceaue that the members which possesse a colde and moyste matter the Phisiognomer attrybuteth to the Moone the members which inioye a hote and drie qualitie he applyeth to Mars the members which containe a colde and drie nature he applyeth to Saturne the hote and moyst to Iupiter the hote and drie more temperate to the Sunne The hote and moyst members vncompact and not much solyde and rounde nor very loase nor much erected and cléere doth he attribute to Venus The members long not protensed and slender are of Mercurie Of the Saturnine and Martiall slendernesse doth the Phisiognomer here omit to write willing the iudgers in this Arte diligentlye to consider the Saturnine lines both in the foreheade and hand and to learne the Phisiognomie of the Planets before they enterprise to iudge on any subiect In that the formes colours clenly decking of parts all other speciall members of the body aâ—e to be fully consydered and beholden afore anye mindeth to phisiognomate on the proper indiuiduate And thus aboue his stocke and kindred aduanced was at that time infortunated and throwne into prison This person was most vile in déedes and bolde in woordes in that the Satuurnine dysposition bare sway in him And of this it came to passe that he was so great a dissembler and deceyuer of many for when he was come vnto his vttermost cyment he vanished as a smoke or vapour in that Mercurie of the Alchymisters was euill fixed and coniealed But the salt Armoniacke and salt Alkali were seperated
This colour by the agréement of the Phisitions is as the colour of the lunges when the same is newlye drawne forth of a beast that is properly named wanne of colour The same of the lunges which after the drawing forth beginneth to putrifie and swell vp and a wanne or leadie colour appeareth in the same Here note that the Phisiognomer wylleth a man to beware and take héede of the like coloured persons in that these are verie euil wicked if so be these in habitude as Cocles reporteth be not laudable or comely Such a colour the Phisiognomer noted in sundrie Cardinals that were verie wicked in their déedes Yea these of like colour he noted to be drunkards luxurious and practisers of false and wicked matters without anye shame as the like of experience the Phisiognomer reporteth to haue knowne He further wryteth that the Melancholicke aduste are leacherous vnlearned and exercyse swynishe condicions when as their heades be spericall or Pineaple lyke and hauing fatte chéekes Yea when the adustion is ouermuch then such incurre and fall into a frensinesse The Phisiognomer noted yea he iudged before the learned sundrie of a like complexion that became foolishe and of these two were Students at that time who after the increase of this melancholy became foolishe according to the iudgement of the Phisiognomer The eies small doe argue such a person to bée peruerse foolish and faynt hearted applyed of the Philosopher to the Ape the reason is in that when the creature is hotte and drye he is then malycious of the humours and spyrites and is a betrayer through the hotenesse and drinesse proceeding of the Chollericke adustyon For which cause such are deceyuers and partake of the Melancholye humours of which fearefulnesse and foolishnesse ensueth through a drynesse The déepenesse of the eies procéedeth through a drinesse which dryeth vp the moysture of the muscles and lygamentes Of which insueth a drawing togither into the inner partes and the braine to be exhausted And the paucitie of the matter of the eyes doth signifie in the moysture proportioned the dominion of drinesse and melancholye adust or a drinesse adustyue and for this are fearefull and deceyuers lyke to the Ape as the same experience demonstrateth Rasis reporteth in secundo ad Almansorem that many spottes in the eyes appearing doe indicate an euill person the rather when the eyes shall appeare variable of colour which signifieth the wickeder person For the varieties of the eies procéede not but of a hotnesse which cleuateth the vapours vnto the eyes of which how much the more the varietie of the eyes is so much the more doth the same argue an intensed hotnesse By that reason howe much the more dyuers the spottes are so much the more is the adustion and by the consequent declareth the varietie of humours and greater adustion and this doth manifest the adustion of the spirite of which the varieties of conditions procéede and the mightie heape of vices So that of the great varietie is the honest and lawdable iudgement debased or caused the woorser The looke of the eyes like to the woman causeth the same disposition as of such a complexion and is the same in conditions as the woman as luxurious and inuericundious for which cause such men of like nature be luxurious and inuericundious Of which Rasis reporteth that when the looke is like to a childes and that his whole face and eyes séeme or appeare as he smyled this is a light hearted person and giuen to mirth without taking care of the affayres of the world The eyes appearing wholy smyling as one laughing with therest of the face in like maner be flatterers luxurious yll reporters or slaunderers Some of this alledge a cause and report that the mirch and length of lyfe to procéede of a good complexion whose cause are the lawdable humours and purenesse of them through his agréement So that the cause of lyfe is hotnesse and moystnesse but of death coldnesse and drynesse The complexion of yong men is hote and moyst but of olde men colde and drye and the note of the same is that such which coeate much doe liue a short time and the gelded after nature longer than those not gelded and the aged men which haue much fleshe doe lyue longer in that the causes of much flesh is a hotnesse and moystnesse By which reason children that are hote and moyst be among other ages merrie and ioy through their complexion and be without cares of the minde So that such like to children in countinaunce are the like in complexion not be thincking earnest or waightie matters When the eyes appeare in rednesse to the burning coale such a person is noted to be wicked and obstinate the reason is in that the fyrie colour doth indicate a most intensed choller by reason of the hotnesse and he is vicious and obstinate as appeareth in the verses in the first place Whose eyes be in colour lyke to the Gotes eine is argued foolish the reason is that when a creature resembleth to anye beast such a person is of the like nature complexion and condicions as in many places afore like vttered So that such Gotes eine doe indicate foolyshnesse great simplicity The Phisiognomer many times looked on such a beast found the eyes somewhat variable with a certaine troubled matter about the ring sight of the eie which declared after his iudgement a complexion very fiegmaticke and watry of which fearefulnesse and foolishnesse insueth The eyes which are like to the Cowes eyne doe portende a madnesse to succéede in that creature séeing the eies lyke to Cowes eyne in men do argue a like complexion For the complexion of such a beast is colde and moyst of which the eyes are great so that through a coldnesse and moystnesse is the slownesse and dulnesse of vnderstanding caused of which a madnesse and simplicitie ensueth The eyes gray of colour to the skie drie séeming and dimmie such a person willeth the Philosopher that a man to eschue so nigh as he may for that this gray colour in drie eyes is a note of wicked persons The colour of the eyes which representeth the colour of Dile doth witnesse a strōg person The yelowishe colour of the eyes doth indicate a strong and stoute person The eyes appearing much blacke of colour is denoted to bée of a harde nature and fraudulent The déepenesse of the eies is through a drinesse drying the muscles and ligaments of which ensueth a gathering into the inner partes as afore vttered and the brain exhausted The eminencie of the eies representeth many obiects of which a péeuish discourse ensueth through a confusion of the obiects If the eyes shall be small prominent out like to the Creauis eyne doe denote the lewdnesse of conditions and foolishnesse The reason is in that the smalenesse of the eyes doth wytnesse the paucitie or littlenesse of matter but the emynencie of them doth indicate the ouermuch moysture in
they denote a most wicked cogitation to consist in that creature The auncient Auicen primo de animalibus â–ª vttereth â–ª that the eyes trembling doe signifie a lightnesse that is an vnstablenesse of minde in that creature The eyes couered with a dumnesse doe argue such a person to be indued with euill Artes vnfaythfull and vnâ—odest in his doings The eyes contrarie to the aboue sayde are best that is to say cleere through and that no other signe of euill beâ—â—oâ— shall contrarie the â—â—â—ie â–ª and such maner of eyes â—â—th Palemon report that the mightie â—ryâ—â— the Emperoâ—â— hâ—â—â— â–ª The eyes cléere of a bigge light 〈◊〉 that 〈◊〉 with a graynesse and â—â—â—ddynesse doe argue rashnesse and madnesse â–ª but if they haue a mâ—aâ—â—â— state then doe these signifie a good disposition of minde The meannesse of the eyes betweene the black variable is commoÌ„nded yea among the other maners aforesayde onlesse they be much shining eyther verie cytrine in colour or red But spotted with bloude doe argue suche to be rashe and doing their businesses which they purposed afore spéedily The eies bigge and cléere with a brightnesse shyning doe 〈…〉 a person to be iust apt to learne afore seer and a wyttie admonisher or warner and such like eyes was the learned Socrates supposed to haue The eyes ouermuch standing out redde and small doe argue an 〈…〉 minde â–ª and tongue and an vnstable person in purpose The abouesáyde Palemon reporteth that the eies promynent or standing out shyning trembling and beating and that these are small doe witness such to be 〈…〉 〈…〉 doe 〈…〉 to 〈…〉 The eies smyling and most great doe denote such a person to be a dullarde leacherous and not carefull or prouiding for the tyme comming The sad eyes are not altogither to be feared for that of the moysture these are occupyed in cogitation and doe denote the studies of honest Artes. That if with these the ouerbroowes and forehead be large with a playnnesse congruent and the eye liddes lawdable doe witnesse an honesse and lawdable wyt gentle and graue The eyes sadde and drye and with this a roughnesse or wrinckling of the forehead and an earnest beholding of the looke and casting downâ— of the eye liddes doe denote such a person to be hurtfull cruell leauing nothing vnattempted The eies somewhat moyst and looking dreadfull doe denote such a person to be prone to yre sharpe furious in talke in actions hastie yea rashe and hastily speaking and most wicked But the drie eyes doe denote vngracious and wicked conditions when with this these shall be decerned small and hollowe doe denote woorser â–ª then the abouesayde The eyes drie and of a sadder looke doe witnesse such a person to be very gentle and friendly as Palemon reporteth The Philosopher in Methaphoricis vttereth that from whose eyes doe hang lyke to water drops are knowne to be louers of Wine yea they waxe balde and referred vnto the passion for that in such a disposition is the moysture and feeblenesse of the braine declared and most of the auncient agrée in the same In whome before the eyes like to drops appeare and shewe out are noted to be louers of sléepe and referred vnto the passion in that such doe like hang arysing from sléepe which appeare in the eies as the Phisiognomer hath often obserued in many subiects Here conceyue that the blearednesse of the eyes is â—â—â—sed through the gatheâ—â—â—â—â—â—â—â—ther of gâ—â—sse bloude â–ª and of the 〈…〉 â—â—mâ—â—◠〈◊〉 the eye â—â—deâ— and in the thinâ—◠〈…〉 compassing the eies ingrossing or 〈…〉 them on such wise The like as afore reported are naturally sléepers and referred in like maner vnto the passion or congruencie Seing such a maner swelling of the eies is caused through a long sléepe after the Noone meale eaten For when in sléepe the meate is digested and by the consequent some fumes are eleuated vnto the braine those fumes or vapours then through the coldnesse of braine ingrossed doe discende vnto the eyes as aboue vttred insomuch that by such a meanes a swelling of the eies rounde about appeareth after the agréement of the Phisiognomer and others The blearednesse of the eyes in regarding the disposition doe denote such a person to be a bibber and dronkarde if this like proceedeth of no other cause When these shall be with a falling of the eies doe then indicate such a person to be a louer of sléepe Which also is referred vnto the passion as both Albertus and Conciliatore learnedly report The eies bigge doe witnesse such a creature to be dull in conceauing and slowe in the proper actions applyed for the forme vnto the Oxe The 〈◊〉 small are faynt hearted and 〈◊〉 of couâ—age referred vnâ—o the apparancie and the Apâ— after the minds of the Philosopher Aâ—â—stâ—tle and Auicâ—n The eies being a meane as betwéene the small and bigge appearing doe signifie that person to be well complexioned and of honest conditions The meannesse of the eies in forme doth inâ—nate both a goodnesse and purenesse of 〈◊〉 in that treasure after the agreement of sundrie wryters Such which haue the eies hollow standing are supposed to be malicious applied for the forme vnto the Ape But such which haue the eies emynent are noted foolishe and applied vnto the apparauâ—cie The eyes standing verie hollow is worthie no commendation at all but such eyes which stande hollowe and that bigge withall are not to be reprehended The eyes hollow and small doe witnesse such a person to be mutable deceytfull a betrayer and corrupted both with enuie and disdaine The eyes hollow looking smylingly doe denote such a person to be a bethinker of euils The eyes standing a little hollowe are bolde and stowte and applyed to the Lyon. But the eyes somewhat more standing out are gentle and applied to the Ore. The sight of the eies black doth portende a slowe person and a dullarde by the report and agreement of all wryters The sightes of the eyes in whose compasse about like to little â–ª Pearles shall appeare doe denote an enuious person full of wordes fearefull and most wicked as Rasis reporteth The Balles and sightes of the eyes broade doe indicate euill conditions in that creature as wryteth Palemon The balles of the eles small doe indicate euill and peruerse conditions And in whome you shall espic the circles which are aboute the sightes to be vnequall such are knowne and noted of experience to be fooles Haly Abbas primo theoricae â–ª capitulo 24. willeth a man to beware that he be not deceyued in the knowledge of the blacke colour for sayth he you shall see his eyes appearing with a sharpe looke and vnto the same which he shall beholde the eyes shining as these in a maner were beholden of some bright body right agaynst and hys wordes are knowne to be vttered in a fumbling maner and out of course or order When the eies shall be thwâ—â—â— appearing and shall haue a sharpe Ague do then denote shortly after
redde K The Sunnes monte euill conditioned L Mercuries Tubercle appeared obscure or darke shadowed The Moones place ◠figured with such a character M The lyfe line was grosse betwéene the thombe and forefinger Thus was this moste wicked man formed in personage and lyned in the hande So that through such a habitude he vsed both kindes of coei2ngt3 as well with the 2l1sm as 2le1smf and other detestable matters he exercised not here méete to be vttered To conclude he was the most vicious person of all others that euer the Phisiognomer vnderstoode or knewe in his time In a man the face remayneth but the countenaunce doth alter so that the countinaunce is named of the Latine worde Volando which properly in Englishe signifieth a flying or vanishing away The countinaunce appearing sowre through the forme and condition of the lippes chéekes forehead and grinning doth indicate such a person to be a foole and frantick at tymes by the report of the Phisiognomer A cheerefull and smyling countinaunce séene doth innuate suche a creature to be gyuen vnto myrth and to be lybidinous after nature The face often sweating and that of a light or small stirring doth argue hotnesse or a hote condition to consist in that person And suche a creature is knowne of experience to be leacherous gluttonous and a great féeder Of which insueth indygestion and a siknesse to come as the Phisiognomer hath sundrie times noted The face appearing valled or dented in and rather more leane than fatte doth innuate such a creature to be iniurious enuious a lyar contentious cruell yea a murderer if the same especially be annexed vnto adustion and that the colour be eyther wanne or yellowe appearing as the same the Physiognomer sundrie times hath obserued and knowne And euerye countenaunce when the same appeareth full of fleshe and fatte doth denote by the agréement of most wryters such a creature to be sluggish and giuen vnto pleasure and wanton actions The face appearing verie much awrye leane and long procureth after the mince of the Phisiognomer a rude creature in condition malicious and enuious and the same affirmeth learned Rasis A sadde countenaunce doth indicate sadnesse and heauinesse of minde in that creature but the frowning looke doth denote such a person to be a bethincker and an imagyner of déepe matters yea wylie fearefull in actions and indeuoreth himselfe to be craftie The face séene hollow from the beginning of the forehead vnto the ende of the chinne that the nose and mouth séeme placed as they were in a valley doth innuate euill conditions especiallye if the same be with a wanne or adust colour For suche hath the Phisiognomer knowne to haue béene murtherers full of wordes contentious yea Pirates and théeues Take héede sayth Cocles that you be not deceyued in the iudgement of the leaprous for as much as their eyes are round the veynes eminent or bearing outward a cytrinesse of colour mixed vnto the rednesse and such are caused very quicke of styrring and possesseth a straitnesse the Nosethrilles with a most vehement or mightie horcenesse in such maner that the like creature is knowne to speake as it were in the nose The Gummes also of such creatures and the endes of their noses are knowne to be eaten away their skinne besides is caused rough and the heares of the ouerbroowes shed away al which by the face may artly be knowne as the learned Arnoldus de villa noua reporteth A small face and countinance doth witnesse a small and base witte The countinaunce formed excéeding bigge doth denote sluggishnesse in actions a dull capacitie and foolishnesse VVhat to be noted and iudged of the condition and forme of the nose and Nosethrilles The. xxij chapter MAns face after the minde of the Methaposcoper is thinne and verie passible and no part there is of mans bodie which like expresseth and vttereth the passion of the minde as the face properly doth Of which the minde altered by any cause the Methaposcopers can readily espie and iudge The passible place also of the face are the eies which the Philosophers name to be the windowes and messengers of the minde and next to these is the forehead For we daylye sée in the place that the veynes extenced in many subiects when such are angred do swell in a marueylous bignesse The next part passible to these is the Nose in that the same is Cartilaginous as without flesh except that when the vertue of ingendring is mightie from the beginning of generation So that this before the other partes causeth mans face especially to be eyther comelye or deformable When the nose is stretched and retching vnto the mouth with a decent bignesse doth then argue the bignesse of the Cartylage and the multitude or much quantitie of flesh which compasseth the same Cartilage in that the same cannot bée caused but through a great hotenesse For the property of heate is to dilate and lengthen out so that the Nose when the same is protensed or stretched vnto the mouth doth indicate the complection of the whole indiuiduate to be hote of which both honestie and boldnesse procéedeth and is caused in that creature The Nosetrilles bigge and large doe witnesse the Testicles great and that such a person to bée leacherous a betrayer deceytfull a lyer enuious couetous a niggarde of a grosse witte and somewhat fearefull as certaine report yet the cause of this matter they alledge not as the Phisiognomer witnesseth Here the Phisiognomer reporteth that the nature of heate is to dilate but of colde to shrinke and gather togither so that through the largenesse of the Nosetrelles is the cause of the hote complexion knowne of which the great testicles procéede and luxurie in that creature forthrough the multitude of Sperme must the receptacle of necessitie be great and large that the same maye receyue and contayne the Sperme or matter of the Sperme vnto the digesting of it Of the grosse humours is the grosenesse bignesse of members procured by the cōsequent are the spirits grosse so that of this grossenesse is the rudenesse of wit caused as the Philosopher Aristotle vttereth in libro 2. de partibus Animaliū capit 4. of which a tenacitie and couetousnesse insueth in so much as suche cannot through the same rightlye discerne The nose doth argue the qualitie of the heart in that a big nose doth indicate the hotenesse of the heart and irefulnesse in that creature And through this hotenesse after the minde of Conciliatore is the priuitie of man inlarged and caused great as afore vttered Of which certaine reporte these wordes in Latin. Ad formam nasi dignoscitur hasta Baiardi By a lyke reason sayth the Phisiognomer may a man argue of the womans priuie place vnder these wordes in Latine Nam mulieris pes est signum oris verendae The nose eyther bigge or small doth argue by the lyke the mans and womans 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to be in that the same being great doth procéede of
weakenesse of strength and courage séeing the same is knowne to bée the note of a femenine lightnesse If the Nosetrilles in the toppe directly eleuated extende whole doe indicate an euill gouernment and distemperaunce in that creature And such are those which in the inwarde ende of the gristle be raysed vp vnto the creast and doe so discende to the Nose which when these be direct doe after the opinion of the Phisiognomer procure the disorder of the tongue in the vttering of speach and sounding wordes The greater and wyder Nosethrilles simplie are of all the Metoposcopers better allowed and commended than the lesser forme of them The lesser Nosethrilles by the agréement of Plato Phylemon and Ptholomeus paruus are naturallye ascribed vnto seruile wittes ouerthwarters wranglers and to théeues The Nosethrilles formed large open do witnesse such a creature to be addicted or giuen vnto myrth and strong in the composition of bodie The Nosethrilles séene very narrow rounde formed and as they were confusedly shutte togither do witnesse after the opinion of the learned Conciliatore in his Rubricke of Phisiognomie foolishnesse the vnaptnesse to learne and the féeblenesse of courage in that creature The auncient Rasis and Albertus report that the largenesse of the Nosethrilles and the muche quantitie of flesh on the Iawes and the little quātitie of heares on the chéekes doe signifie a moyst complexion The Nosethrilles appearing very blunt doe argue such a person to be foolishe but the Nosethrilles formed final do indicate a peruerse mind and péeuishe conditions The heares which growe within the Nosethrilles of man if these be many thicke growing and bigge appearing doe argue an vnstable minde and grosse witte as Conciliatore reporteth and the Phisiognomer Cocles of experience affirmeth the same If the heares within the Nosethrilles are found fewe and soft doe witnesse after the minde of the Phisiognomer a ready witte apt to learne and honest condicioned The iudgement of the forme and condition of the eares The. xxiij chapter THe eares declare the temperament and proportion of the principall members and especially the brayne which experience certifieth vs For that the braine doth sometimes sende forth a noysome matter behinde the eares of which is there ingendred and caused many tymes an impostume and the same according to the diuersitie of the humours Of which the Phisitions name these the clensing places of the members and superfluities The eares great are ingendred and caused through the multitude of matter in the beginning of generation of the strong vertue And all such in a maner which haue great cares as the Phisiognomer hath noted are knowne to haue a short necke and head sufficient comélye and are Sanguine and such for the more part tending vnto choller or vnto grosse bloude somewhat adust Such also are vnpacient and lightly angrie For which cause the Philosopher reporteth that such are foolishe this being excepted that they are of a good minde and intention that is after the departure of the inflammation and kindling about the heart for as much as this declareth a hotnesse of the hart through the veynes arteries as in the Anothomy may wel be decerned And such are of a good memory in that they haue a séemely neck being an expresser of the braine and demonstrating a good disposition and perhaps through the Collericke qualitie is the retention of kinds and through the qualitie of the sinewes which are of a drie nature After the quayling abating of iniuries such are of a good intention in that these cause a good discourse and noted to be long liued for as much as in them is a good proportion betwéene the heate and moysture And such a persō which possesseth a meane is moderate in his actions The selfe same is confirmed of the Philosopher in lib. i. Animalium cap. 11. Where he reporteth that those which are most apt and readie in hearing be well nurtexed and conditioned Such sayth he haue a note of the best maners which possesse meane eares The eares great and directed aboue measure are notes of foolishnesse or that such to be bablers as the Philosopher Aristotle vttereth The selfe same reporteth Auicen pri de Animalibus that when the first pulpe that is of the eares is ioyned with the fleshe of the iawe doth signifie a foole and vaine person The Philosopher also vttereth in Methaphoricis that such persons which haue small eares like to the Ape haue of that reason Apishe conditions But such that haue bigge eares are noted to be dullards and applyed to the Asse And if any shall sée a person haue the eares formed like vnto the Dogges are noted to haue the best and to be in a meane maner these hytherto Auicen So that such hauing the eares ouer small are noted Apishe that is they haue Apishe conditions in which a man may see that malignitie and deceyte to haue dominion in them Such hauing the eares ouer great in respect of the quantitie of body are Asses that is fooles and of a dull vnderstanding as the former Aristotle reporteth primo de Animalibus Such hauing the eares meane in quantitie is a good note for that the same prooueth by the similitude of the disposition in good Dogges Rasis reporteth that whose eares are bigge is a foole yet long lyued after nature when the eares are erected vp and very great doe indicate the multitude of matter and the same inobedient as to the due forme and the dominion of drynesse indicated which is cause of the erection or standing vpright The eares flexible or bending doe demonstrate the proportion of heate and moysture and the moysture is cause of the bending as the like appeareth in a skinne and woode which when they are crooked or winded inwarde are moyst for otherwise are their partes broken if we sée their matter to be drie And of this it is that Ptholomie the Philosopher reporteth that the eares great and bended downeward doe denote riches When the eares are very small the paucitie of matter and weake vertue of the braine is signisied and the chollericke matter argued of which the subtill spirits caused so that such haue a wyt or be ingenious in euill workes and are théeues foolishe and so couetous that they desire all things And through that coueting such are luxurious vnderstanded perhaps of the immoderate appetites and not of the power or force of the matter The learned Palemon vttereth that when the eares shall be promynent and verie great foolishnesse and garrulitie is signified in that creature and such are knowne to bée couetous But the eares which are as they were cut and verie short and parted doth Loxius report to attempt and commit a deceyte The eares formed semicircularly and creasts connexed in the middle somewhat flatte toward the centre and of a meane bignesse which decently stande to the heade doe wytnesse a goodnesse of nature But the eares ouer rounde signifie suche a person to be vnapt to learne The eares long and narrowe are reported
person after the minde of the Phisiognomer to be foolish ful of wordes contentious and hardie Certaine report that whose lippes shall be formed congruently thinne and not much folded or turned outwarde doth denote such a person to be secrete in all matters warie of a good perseuerance yet yrefull at tymes and of a singulare or readie witte The cause is for that the same declareth a congruent matter vnto the subtilnesse of the humors and spirites which is the reason and cause of the witte But the yrefulnesse consisting in that creature procéedeth through the subtilnesse of the spirits prone and apt vnto the kindling of it Such hauing the lippes with the gummes formed on the téeth prominent or bearing out doe indicate an euill tongued person a wrangler yrefull and inclined to worke iniuries for these properly referred vnto the Dogge as the singuler Palemon vttereth Whose lips are decerned not sufficient equal or a like throughout in such maner that the one be grosser or thicker than the other doth witnesse such a person to be more simple than wise and of a variable fortune as certaine report The Philosopher Ptholomeus paruus vttereth that the outwarde lippes formed small and somewhat folded or turned outwarde doe denote such a person to be full of wordes verie enuious and an accuser The reason is for that the paucitie or smalnesse of the lippes doth witnesse the small quantitie of matter and the dominion of coldnesse but the folding or turning outwarde of them doth declare a drinesse drawing togither the hearie sinewes of which ensueth that the animall spirites are incongruent vnto the decerning of whatsoeuer is spoken and the enuie through the same procéedeth and is like caused The worthie Ptholomeus Paruus vttereth that the vpper lippe folding or turning vpwarde and the neather downeward doe signifie a miserie or wretchednesse of life and vncomely condicions Of this the Phisiognomer saw and found a singuler experience especially in the poore â–ª and néedie people For the weakenesse of the animall spirits sayth he is signified to consist in them of which the witte properlye hath not place or â—rate in that creature The lippes formed thinne if the vpper be turned and folding outwarde and the same lose hanging doe denote such a creature to be a deceyuer subtile and a théefe for the more part The lippes decerned grose or thicke like to the Dogges doe indicate such a person to be a deceyuer an accuser and wicked in conditions these hitherto borrowed out of the Phisiognomie of Ptholomeus paruus The lippes of the Moores are not to be iudged vpon but of those which â—well and are conuersaunt amongst them and their qualities there shal note for which cause sufficient it is to iudge in generall of those realmes and countries more knowne to vs. Of the forme nature and iudgement of the teeth The. xxvij chapter THe canine or sharpe téeth of men if these be long fast standing and bearing outwarde doe argue such a person to be a glutton irefull fierce and laciuious applyed for the forniâ— vnto the Dogge and Boare The cause I suppose sayth the Phisiognomer through the aboundance of the radicall moysture or spermaticall matter which declareth a most great dominion of heate and strength in the principall members of which a hasty dissoluing of the substaunciall moysture ensueth that cannot be restored but through the much eating of meate whose plentifull substaunce this greatly néedeth for which cause such are inordinate as afore vttered and as the same appeareth by relation in the Dogge and Boare And such the Phisiognomer hath knowne of experience to be wasters of their owne substance great drinckers disceyuers whorehunters maintayners of harlottes and murtherers especiallye if anye other proportion aydeth and confirmeth the same The auncient Rasis reporteth that whose téeth are discerned weake thinne sette and small doe argue the whole bodye to be weake and both féeblenesse in that creature and the shortnesse of life The selfe same vttereth the sayde Rasis in the buying of seruaunts and the Philosopher Aristotle vseth the same words in his Problemes The worthie Aristotle also reporteth in secundo de Animalibus that such hauing the téeth thinne sette are noted to be short lyued The selfe same doth Rasis affirme vnder these wordes That whose canine or sharpe téeth are decerned long and strong set is argued to be a glutton an euill person and vicious of bodie The like wordes in a maner vttereth the learned Conciliatore in his Rubricke of Phisiognomie That a noyse caused through the téeth doth denote a frensinesse in that person which lyke doth sometimes happen to children sléeping when they are troubled with wormes as the skilfull Phisitions report The téeth formed bigge and broade whether these stande inwarde or are séene outwarde doe argue a vaine person lasciuious simple of a slender capacitie and hauing a bouine witte for that the same witnesseth grosse spirites to consist in that person proceeding of grosse humors The téeth most drie without anye moysture decerned to stande in them yea and wholy drie in a sicke person doe denote death at hande forasmuch as the radicall moysture is then consumed and their bodyes remaine and are as a Lampe without Oyle In a healthfull bodie the like séene doe signifie a sicknes to come and the same shortly The téeth séene full of rewme or a distilled water from the head appearing in them doe signifie a disease of the heade or stomacke through the participation and occasion of the head and lungs causing this distillation from the heade into the nose and eyes the Catharre the Cough the Squincie in the throte and the impostume of the Iawes But any of these this procureth eyther more or lesse according to the contrarie working of the members as vnto the beholder may euidently appeare Such beastes hauing the téeth indented lyke to a Sawe onely drinke by licking with the tongue but such hauing the téeth formed whole doe drinke by supping as the famous Philosopher Aristotle reporteth The téeth formed small and weake to chewe both thinne set and short appearing doe indicate after Michael Scotus a feeble courage a tender capacitie fearefull lightly perswaded eyther vnto the good or euill of a reasonable wyt and faythfull but as he wryteth such a person is short lyued The teeth after Michael Scotus not euen formed neyther in the bignesse nor in the standing of the Gummes so that there appeare of them narrowe broade thinne and thicke téeth doe denote a disoainefull person enuious bolde warie and of a readie wyt if a man may credite this Scotus The téeth formed verie long and as they were sharpe somewhat thinne set yet strong in the chewing doe witnesse after the minde of Scotus such a person to be a glutton enuious bolde deceytfull suspicious a lyar and inuericundious The téeth as M. Scotus reporteth appearing cytryne or browne colour whether these be short or long formed doe argue such a person to be more foolishe then wise a grosse féeder
furious and a drunkarde Such a person decerned breathing troubled and thicke as though he had lately runne is denoted to be wilfull foolehardie yrefull and of a wicked minde desiring all thinges what he séeth and talking all things that he heareth He which breatheth on highe and that the breath séemeth to passe through the Nosethrilles thicke and quicke doth argue such a creature after the minde of Scotus to be fearefull and sorowfull Such also are noted to be effeminate when as the other notes fortifie the same The breath so comming forth as if the subiect were encombred with the hardnesse of fetching breath such a creature is reported of Michaell Scotus to be simple of a peruerse minde full of woordes and desirous of all things that he séeth The forme and iudgement of the chinne The. xxxii Chapter THe chinne decerned very long doth argue the abundance of matter in that by reason of the ouermuch hotenesse the same is lengthned out of which such are knowne to be yrefull cruell and hastie yet these sometymes are founde to be full of words and sometimes boasters of themselues as both Palemon and Constantine write Such which haue the chinne formed small and short are persons especially to be eschewed for besides the other conditions consisting in them such are vncurteous yea rather rigorous full of wyles and enuious for these of Palemon aptly applyed vnto the Serpent Here conceyue that Phisiognomie and Paulmestrie are more manifested of experience than by reason yet somewhat may be vttered of the principaller members which expresse the greatnesse and smalnesse of matter from the beginning of generation If the chinne shapeth or be formed into a round maner doth indicate effeminate conditions and a féeble courage in that this is a feminine note as vttereth the auncient Pythagoras For the mans chinne after nature ought to be formed in a square maner and not round If the vnder chinne be séene so fatte that the same retcheth downe to the throte doth indicate most great luxurie to consist in that creature if a pitte or hole be especiallye decerned in eyther chéeke The chinne formed of a decent or comely bignesse doth denote such a person to be prone vnto the veneriall act yet iudge him to be much bound vnto God for the giftes lent him Here conceyue sayth the Phisiognomer that the chinne ought to be formed neyther to rounde nor ouer sharpe but in a meane maner vnto a squarenesse The chinne decerned ouer long doth innuate a most wicked creature very talkatiue and a whisperer yea his mynde altogither occupyed wyth deceytes as the lyke the skilfull Phisiognomer obserued and noted in a certaine French man which was very malicious a great deceyuer and excéeding couetous as all of that nation bewray themselues to be especially prone vnto fraudes and great deceytes The chinne at the lower ende séene so deuided that the same expresseth a double forme in suche maner as this be not to muche or to déepe dented in the middle doth then argue as certaine report deceytfull conditions to consist in that creature But this knowne to be a note of Venus in that place after the minde of the Phisiognomer Cocles and such a person lyke formed shall purchase with men great fauour and grace As the lyke Cocles experienced in many subiectes which were knowne to be lasciuious that haunted the companie of harlots yea these wyth the Cynedes had sundrie tymes doing and suffering There be some which haue a pitte formed on bredth and by an equall lyne stretching as on length that more coroborateth the Phisiognomers sentence The chinne formed so crooking vp that the lippes séeme as they were standing in a valley doth denote the rudenesse of witte vnfaythfulnesse wicked conditions and sometymes such are knowne to be théeues vnlesse olde age causeth the same through the losse lacke of many téeth The singuler Aristotle in tertio de Animalibus vttereth that such which haue the chinne deuided do lesse waxe balde and shed lesser or fewer heares than other creatures The chinne formed sharpe and thinne or slender through an emptinesse or lacking of fleshe doth indicate a bolde and stowte or couragious person and disdainfull The chinne decerned large bigge through the much quantitie of fleshe doth witnesse after the minde of M. Scotus such a creature to be quiet of a meane capacitie dull of witte yet faithfull secret and conuertible eyther vnto the good or euill The chinne formed sharpe and sufficiently full of flesh doth denote as Michael Scotus reporteth such a person to be of a good vnderstanding loftie minded and one that féedeth sufficientlye and bolde in actions The chinne formed as the same were parted in two by a certaine valley or denting in doth argue as Michael Scotus vttereth that person to be of a grosse witte vaine lightly crediting a great surmiser yet congruently seruiceable to another quiet and secrete for the more part in his doyngs The chinne decerned sharpe and thinne in the quantitie of flesh doth after Michael Scotus denote such a creature to be bolde and couragious a quareller sometymes and fighter yrefull disdainefull weake in strength and contented after a maner to serue for the reliefe of liuing The chinne séene crooking vp with a hollownesse in the knitting of the Iawes and leane of fleshe that the same appeareth as it were formed sharpe doth witnesse after the minde of Scotus such a person to be wicked enuious of a simple witte a niggarde deceytfull soone angrie yrefull a surmiser bolde prowde a threatner a betrayer and a théefe these hitherto Michal Scotus The condicion and iudgement of the Beard The. xxxiij Chapter THe bearde in man after the agréement of the auncient wryters beginneth to appeare in the neather Iawe which so ascendeth towarde the Temples through the heate and moysture caried vnto the same from the forepart of the heade drawne from the genitours which draw to them especially the sperme from those places whose note is by reason the spermaticall veynes do discend vnto the same place as the lyke appeareth in them which ouermuch exercise coeating whose faces by the meanes are after mightily crazed and altered As touching the womans testicles in that these are but weake for the same cause are they knowne not to be bearded And suche women which are found to haue these hoter than the common sort haue also somewhat of the reflexed matter from the same place whence the Sperme most chiefely commeth This reflexed heate sayth the wise Conciliatore draweth with it the moysture of which in them are engendred the thinne and small heares of the Bearde and thys especiallye verified in them which vse often and verye much coeating For which cause the Sanguine bodyes that haue a thinne Beard and meane of length are indicated to be creatures which often and greatly desire to coeate through the dominion of the heate and moysture consisting in them Here conceyue sayth the Phisiognomer that such heares doe procéede and appeare through the superfluousnesse
sensitiue power easily mooueable that is lightly reducible from the power vnto the act of perceyuing But such which about the spondiles of the necke appeare hidden are noted to be persons lacking witte forasmuch as these hardlye being soluble which about the knottinesse are decerned weake to receiue the motion of the senses The shoulder poyntes decerned sufficiently distaunt a sunder doe denote such a creature to be liberall after nature applyed for the same vnto the decent apparancie and forme for that lyberalitie aunswereth and agréeth to suche a forme and the like formed are the shoulder poynts of the Lyon by the report of the Phisiognomer The shoulder pointes séene néere ioyning togither doe contrariwise signifie niggardship and vncurtesie to rest in that person The shoulder pointes appearing sufficiently distaunt a sunder and decently spaced from the knotte or ioynt of the neck doe argue such a person to be of a simple perceiuerance and vnderstanding and by the consequent knowne to be a dullard as the learned Aristotle wryteth The shoulder poyntes after the minde of the Phylosopher well brawned with an eminencie or bearing out of the fleshe and these strong formed are applyed after nature vnto the Male kinde For as much as the nature of the muscle is to possesse the ingendred hotenesse strong and of the reason of the heate is this procured to increase the forme of the members according to euerie Dametre The shoulder points decerned bigge large in forme doe indicate a hotnesse to consist in that creature The strength of euery person consisteth in the sinewes and bones for which cause when the muscles are sufficiently formed fleshie then must néedes insue a mighty strength to consist both in the sinewes and bones of which the spirit conioyned in such an habitude or body may well exercise and attempt or doe strong actions if néede requyreth Of which Rasis reporteth that the shoulder pointes decerned large doe indicate a strong person of an honest minde of good conditions and perfite vnderstanding The reason of this appéereth in that through the bredth of the shoulder pointes the muscles are indicated to be large and strong which procéede from a strong beginning that is in the braine where the beginning consisteth of the sinewes and the seate of the spirites So that of necessitie this must néedes insue that the forme of the heade to be capable vnto the retayning and possessing the goodnesse of senses as the Phisiognomer vttereth of hys skill and practise knowne The muscles formed weake and yll compowned of strength that the shoulder points appeare in a maner flatte and peraduenture matched or couered with a softnesse of fleshe doe argue a flegmatick qualitie of the contrary nature to rest in that creature as afore vttered in the proper place and if these appeare and be without a softnesse they import the like qualitie after the mind of the Phisiognomer Of which Rasis vttereth that the shoulder pointes formed thinne doe indicate the smalnesse of wit and vnderstanding The Phisiognomer Cocles reporteth that he knewe and sawe sundrie women in his time which drew by Arte and through their bestiall indumentes the shoulder points so néere togither that they formed in a maner the like vnto O◠ventris in the part behinde and they garnished or bewtified these with Cosmeticall waters This Cocles also noted sundrie Italians and fonde French men which he aptly nameth by that byworde Hermaphroditi that vsed and exercised the like practise with their shoulder pointes A matter which séemeth in my opinion incredible to be exercised of any faithfull christian but the Phisiognomer séemeth trulye to vtter what he sawe and knewein sundrie places The bearing of the heades of the shoulder pointes verie farre out doe denote foolishnesse to consist in that creature which maner Aristotle reporteth vnto king Alexander to be a note of rygorousnesse and vnfaythfulnesse to dwell in that person The Phisiognomer Cocles vttereth of experience knowne the he sildom saw any person being crooke backed which were of a good nature but that these hauing the like bearing out or bunche on the shoulders were rather trayterous and verie wicked in their actions And such sayth the Phisiognomer were knowne in his time to be the founders of all wicked deceites yea wylie vnder myners and gropers of the people and had a deepe retching wyt and wylie fetches in wicked actions So that it seemeth impossible after nature that such deformed persons shoulde possesse in them laudable actions for as much as the spirite connexed in such an habitude doth yeelde a retrograde forme and propertie which sayth the the Phisiognomer is knowne for the more part to be Melancholike For which cause a man ought carefully to beware and take héede of fellowshipping or kéeping company with such infortunate persons for the aboue sayde reason and worke of nature For these sayth the Phisiognomer are the lyke to be eschewed as a man of skill would refuse and shunne the company of a person lacking any principall member of the bodye And the like Aristotle in secretis secretorum vttereth that a man ought diligently to beware and take héede of an infortunate person lacking any speciall member as he woulde of his proper animie daungerous The prouerbe like warneth vs to beware of the creatures marked in an other place of the persons marked in anye member that a man trust not them The reason is for that the spirites like insue vnto the forme of the body so that out of an euill shaped bodie can no lawdable actions procéede or be caused as afore vttered and this of him vttered Phisiognomically The Philosopher also vttereth that the great number of children liuing is cause many tymes of the yll happe of parents For these lacking prouision for their naturall sustenaunce are caused to worke mischiefes not tollerable by lawe For the Phisiognomer learned and saw sundry times that diuers fathers of many children not able to prouide sustenaunce for them were constrayned through great néede to steale through which practise exercised their children like endeuoured for the helpe of their parents néede and confessed a lyke matter at the place of execution So that the Philosopher giueth or sheweth this not as an inforced precept but rather perswadeth that in the cause of a necessitie the same to be procured as a rule in miserie which to the beholder may lyke appeare And the Mother Philosopher Asculanus vttereth a summe of the matter afore taught Ben se voria plicar li cinqui rami Metendo el primo fra le do piu apresso Dicendo hor toi poi che tanto mami Poi laltre cinque del sinistro tronco Voltare in verso gliochij de si stesso Chi mai si fida in rosso guercio e cionco By which he concludeth that no trust is to bée had in those women and men being red of colour and gogle eyed or one eyed and bunch backed also the reason is alledged in the same booke where he reporteth these
indicate a couetous person and malicious If the fingers stretched out these bende towarde the backe of the hande doe argue such a person to be vniust subtyll and wittie especially if the fingers be slender If any whiles he walketh doth of a custome shutte the thombe within the fingers is noted to be a couetous person as the like the Phisiognomer obserued in a certaine Lâ—â—barde The fingers long doe like argue the length of the eares of the lyuer and the bignesse of the fingers doe like denote the largenesse of the eares of the lyuer But the sâ—â—â—lnesse of them as Albertus reporteth doth lyke signifie the eares of the lyuer to be little the selfe same vtter Auicen and Galen in libro 〈◊〉 If any shall haue redde handes whether the same be manne or woman is of nature noted â–ª Sanguine and luxurious as wryteth the learned Formica and the same a truth knowne Ptholomie the Philosopher vttereth that the creature which hath the vpper ioyntes of the fingers grosse or bigge and turning backwarde doth denote that if he shall then be â—iteh within a periode a certaine tyme after to become poore or else by some other infortune shall be shorte lyued The handes crooked in the length is a note as some Authors wryte of sodaine death and this in sundrie hath bene noted For as much as some are founde to haue sixe fingers on one hande as the two last towarde the eare finger in like maner lyned yet in the greatnesse dyuers the ioyntes and nayles séemely formed and proportioned through the goodnesse of matter And the first person which I sawe and considered before the presence of M. Iulius Vitalis was a Iew named Helias After him many others whose names for breuitie the Physiognomer omitteth and this person he behelde in the Citie of Bononie Thus briefly the Physiognomer Cocles endeth this Chapiter of the hande and fingers crauing pardon of the reader if the same be eyther vnperfitely or superâ—â—uously handled The forme and iudgement of the nayles of the fingers The. xxxix Chapter THe prince of the later wryters both of Phisiognomie and Paulmestrie affirmeth that the nayles and the same a truth are produced or doe procéede of the superfluities of the heart in that the heart is founde to be the nobler member of action So that by them is somewhat to bée vttered He also reporteth in differentia 54. that the nayle is a bodye extensed thinne produced caused of the superfluities and hardned on the fingers endes for a speciall helpe to them being there situated and groweth on the fingers endes and toes as the heares vttermost of the skinne doe occupie on the bodie And Auicen vttereth that the nayles both on the fingers and toes were ordayned in the endes of these members the better to strengthen for to take and holde things firmely and to couer the flesh at the endes which ioyntly being well matched giue a more strength This well appeareth in that if any of the small bones be lacking at the endes of any of the toes or fingers then like doe the nayles lacke at the endes of those members as the same may euidently appeare in any large scarre on the fleshe where after groweth no heares to be séene The maner also of the original cause of those nayles is proportionall to the production of the heares through the grosser superfluities not so much adust The nayles playne white soft and thinne reddish and sufficient cleare doe indicate a singuler witte in that person and this is one of the notes which very seldome fayleth forasmuch as such nayles doe procéede of the best qualitie as Albertus reporteth so that the spirites which produce the nayles delated from the heart are cleare and thinne through whose superfluitie are the nayles engendred The nayles rough and harde doe denote such a person to be prone to the venereall act as the learned Morbeth reporteth The nayles ouer short doe argue wickednesse in that creature And lyke the blacke small and bending nayles doe argue imprudencie compared to the gréedie catching fowles These also after the minde of the Phisitions with a leannesse of the fingers doe witnesse a consumption of the bodie When the nayles fall of without cause doe threaten the leaprie to come or euen at hande as the learned Conciliatore vttereth The childe borne without nayles or hauing them but weake doth witnesse the mother to haue vsed the dayly continuance or ouermuch eating of salt as witnesseth the Philosopher Aristotle in septimo de natura animalium cap. 4. The nayles in the middle déepe grosse or bigge and thicke doe denote a rude person and knowing little especially if the flesh about the fingers endes be high and grosse Ptnolomie the Philosopher reporteth that the nayles long doe signifie pouertie to that person and to liue in bare estate or beggerie all his lyfs tyme The same is confirmed of Pontius Gallicus Certaine authours affirme that whose nayles of the fingers of the left hande growe faster than the right doe witnesse pouertie the lyke if the nayles be without colour I much maruayle sayth the Phisiognomer that all the legitimate authours doe affirme that the white prickes in the nayles to signifie happinesse and friendes which as it shoulde séeme hath many tymes béene obserued and noted and iudged of the Phisiognomer by the order of the fingers as thus the white prickes séene in the Sunnes finger doe signifie the encrease of honor worship offices and friendship with noble persons c. The reason of this is forasmuch as these denote a good humour and benigne presupposing there a good qualitie and vnderstanding of which a good discretion and curtesie ensueth so that such persons through the same do attaine friends and commended of many The lyke pricks founde in the little finger doe denote friendship with the Mercurians and that Mercurie to be well proportioned and stronge in that place aboute similia But the blacke prickes séene in the nayles and chiefly in the middle finger doe argue harmes persecutions imprisonment and all kindes of detrimentes that may happen to any as the same the Phisiognomer vnderstood of a certaine friend which noted the lyke in many persons And these he reported to like succéede according to the diuersitie of the fingers forasmuch as the infortune and losse of richesse happened after the positure of them on the fingers But some Autours report that these doe indicate hatred The reason of this is through the excesse of the drie Melancholie which then aboundeth and lacke of the naturall heate which fayleth So that the blacke prickes doe alwaye demonstrate that the colde Melancholie and an earthly drynesse to insue Yet it séemeth to mée sayth the Phisiognomer that experience maye contradict the same séeing I haue alwayes séene sayth he that the blacke and white prickes on the nayles to come and passe awaye within a fewe dayes and that these to be caused of determinate effectes which otherwyse can not procéede or be caused
waxe fatte are by that meanes procured that their veynes and arteries are caused strong and indure large Of which their heate by that reason is not so soone extinguished as the singuler Phisition Galen vttereth So that such an habitude with the Phisiognomer is accounted lawdable and this generally ment in all the body Here conceaue sayth Cocles that the heart in man is cause of all the workings if the principal members are duelie formed of which the goodnesse and malice of minde insueth according to the positure of dyuers partes in the creature The contrarie of this is to be iudged when as the neck is long the breast large with a much quantitie of heares as in sundrie places afore vttered The thinnesse of flesh on the breast with a due proportion of the other members doth argue hotnesse of the heart and by the consequent a warlike boldenesse as appeareth in the chollericke And as the lyke by the former words afore may be gathered ¶ The forme of the pappes is to be considered which as it is written are compowned of white flesh hauing many kernels little holes like to a spunge through the veynes arteries sinewes and of this they be ioyned with the heart the lyuer and the braine with the generatiue members The Philosopher Ptholomie reporteth that hée which on the left side of the breast hath a bigge fleshie Mole high out and round with one or many heares on it doth then promise the increase of riches and honor This experienced of Pontius Gallicus of the Physiognomer Cocles Such women which haue bigge pappes and shorte are denoted sluggishe and rammishe of smell as some affirme Such women which haue no veynes appearing on the breasts are vnfitte to giue suck vnto children For that such a positure doth argue a flewmatick and an inordinate matter Such women also are of a rude nature and beastly and giue sucke with paine through some gréeuous accydence The pappes of a meane bignesse not soft and the veynes apparant and straight out doe argue a good mylche Nurse especially if hir skinne be swartishe in colour The pappes small and leane or slender thorowe drynesse doe denote such a woman to be weake of body When the pappes beginne to arise then doe they denote that such shortly after to be prouoked vnto the veneriall acte The pappes sufficient bigge and full after Galen doe argue a perfite digestion The forme and iudgement of the hollownesse on the breast The. xliij chapter THe ingenious Phylosopher Aristotle doth Phisiognomate of the noblenesse of the part of the breast which commonlye is decerned betwéene the breastes The same properly named Methafrenon where frenes and the Midriffe consisteth and this is a pellicle deuiding the region of the naturall members from the region of the nutritiue which through a lyke deuision is the same named the Midriffe as it were parting or deuiding in two and knitte or fastned to the back bone and breast in the compasse of the breast hauing a circuler forme This hollow place of the breast is here ment of the Phisiognomer where the heares commonly grow on men and right agaynst the Midriffe The person which hath this part of the breast appearing bigge sufficient fleshy and brawned is of the Philosopher noted strong according to nature and applyed of him to the male kinde The creature which hath this part appearing weake not fleshie nor brawned are denoted féeble and weake after nature and applyed for the forme vnto the female kinde Such a person which hath this part so bending in through the méeting there of the muscles right agaynst the furcle of the two semicircles méeting at if that they cause there a déepe hollownesse or pitte in the middle of the same doth denote such a person to be euill conditioned and not to felowship withall rude and of a disdainefull nature But the maner of his disoayning he couereth and hydeth for that he is close minded as touching his malicious stomacke which he subtilly cloaketh by his dissenibling woordes The Phisiognomer Cocles noted a certaine husbandeman in his tyme which had the Methaphrenon so hollow standing in that a man might well haue hidde the whole fist in the same who he diligently noted and knewe to be euill conditioned especially a wrangler contentious and double tongued He which hath this part appearing eminent is noted to be very yrefull in that the bearing out of this part procéedeth through the ouermuche heate of the hart and of the same cause is mooued to be verye yrefull as reporteth Galen in libro Tegm and through this yrefulnesse caused to bée forgetfull of himselfe vndiserete and vnaduised of that he doth and applyed for the nature and propertie vnto the horse for that the horse hath such a forme of the breast and is of a vehement furie as Aristotle vttereth This part consisting a meane in the hollownesse that is the Methaphrenon neyther to high bearing out nor to deepe formed inwarde as the breast plate of a harnesse is a laudable note after the minde of the Phisiognomer Cocles and such a person sayth he is knowne to be of a temperate qualitie and well conditioned The selfe same vttereth Conciliatore and the lyke taught in the Chapter of the signification of the breast The condition and iudgement of the ribbes The ▪ xliiij chapter HEre the Philosopher doth skilfully instruct a man to Phisiognomate by the disposition and forme of the ribbes and learnedly vttereth certaine notes of these The first note is that such creatures which are decerned to be well ribbed be accounted after skil knowne to be strong and applyed for the forme vnto the male kinde But such séene and founde weake ribbed are denoted féeble of strength after nature applyed for the forme vnto the female kinde which are knowne sayth the Philosopher to haue but small and séeble ribbes and weake muscles The Lyon of all beastes is the strongest and perfitest compowned in his partes yea he for the proper composition néerest agréeing vnto mans forme The discription of whose forme the learned Aristotle Artly vttereth in this maner Such persons sayth the learned Conciliatore in his Rubricke of Phisiognomie which are strong and well ribbed be denoted liberall frée of giftes bolde desirous of victorie gentle in behauiour iust in actions and louing wel those with which they fellowship And applyed for the forme vnto the Male kinde in that the same hath great ribbes through the largenesse of the breast and bredth of the backe which properly procéedeth of the nature of heate Forasmuch as the nature of heate as afore vttered is to encrease and dilate the forme of the members Such persons which are founde weake and small rybbed are knowne of experience to bée féeble of strength and after nature applyed vnto the female kinde Such persons which appeare to haue the ribbes much couered and compassed wyth the great quantitie of flesh that these séeme swolen or puffed vp withall are argued to be ful of ydle words
the generall difficultie or hardnesse of these consisteth of the iudgement euen as the like doth the same both in the Arte of Astronomy and Phisicke practise depende And of this Galen affirmeth that the Physiognomer maye erre in his iudgement for dyuers causes First in that to any one note ▪ a man may not trust except the same be proper of it selfe as is aboue declared Therefore no one note alone maye be taken of any speciall parte of the body in that by the nature of one particuler doth not the nature of man in generall consist In the second there is errour caused for that to the alteration of nature and age they doe not sometymes agrée in that there be notes which sometimes declare the matter rather past than to come like as in the person of thrée score yeares olde which may be hearie that doth then argue his leacherousnesse to be past and not present to be affirmed And sundrie wryters affirme that the notes gathered by the fore part of the bodie are knowne to be mightier then those conceyued of the hynder part as witnesseth Hypocrates who willeth first to beholde and note the face of the sicke And others also affirme that those to be the mightier notes which are taken of those members by which the passion is exercised as the notes which doe vtter and declare the yre of the breast and ribbes which is exercised by the heart within those parts placed Further in that by the shoulders armes legges and féete strength is exercised therefore are the mightier notes for strength gathered and taken of them And thus of the other members gather and iudge in the like maner But here for a playner vnderstanding of the Art and that you may learne howe to iudge by the lyke shall here be propounded an example or two and thus ende the worke A briefe rehersall of the notes of all the members with their significations in the forme of a table Of the heade FIrst the heade bigge doth denote a dull person and applyed to the Asse The heade little to bée foolishe and applyed to the Dogge The heade meane of bignesse doth argue a good witte naturally The head Pineaple sharpe to be vnshamefast and a boaster The heade short and verye rounde to be forgetfull and foolish The head long in fashion to the Hammer to be prudent and warie And in the forepart of the heade a hollownesse to be wylie and yrefull Of the foreheade The foreheade small to be vnapt to learne vnconstant and applied to the Sowe The forehead very bigge to be slowe and applyed to the Oxe The foreheade rounde to be of a dull perseuerance yrefull and applyed to the Asse And being somewhat a plaine foreheade to be circumspect and applyed to the Dogge A square formed foreheade to be bolde applyed to the Lyon. The foreheade smooth and euen to be a flatterer applied to the fawning Dogge The forehead bigge wrinckled to be sturdie and bolde applyed to the Bull and Lyon. A low forehead to be sad applied to the passion A long foreheade to be a flatterer applyed to the Dogge A high foreheade to be liberall applyed to the Lion. An ouer wrinckled foreheade to be vnihamefast And puffed vp in the temples to be high minded yrefull and of a rude witte Of the eyes The eyes small to be faint hearted applyed to the Ape The eyes bigge to be slow and tractable applyed to the Oxe The eyes hollow standing to be enuious and wicked applyed to the Ape The eyes standing out to be foolish applied to the Asse The eyes somewhat hollow to be stowte of courage applyed to the Lion. The eyes somewhat bigge and a little eminent to be gentle applyed to the Oxe The eyes very wide open to be impudent The corner of the eyes fleshie vnto the nose ioyning to be malicious The eyes of length to be craftie and a deceyuer The eyes bigge and trembling to be desirous of women applyed to the passion The eyes small and quiuering to bée shame fast and yet a louer How much the bigger eyes so much the lesser malice yet the more foolishnesse The eyes thwart wrything to be deceytfull a niggarde and yrefull The eyes bigge out to be foolish fearefull faint hearted and vnshamefast The eyes disorderly moouing as one whiles running and an other whiles staying to be rash disquiet and troubled in minde wicked and a bryber The eye liddes quiuering to be fearefull applied to the passion The eyes swiftly moouing with a sharpe looke to be fraudulent vnfaythfull and a théefe The eyes stedfastly looking to bée troubled in mind and a deceyuer The eyes situated as into a length to be monstruous a deceiuer and enuious Little bagges or bladders swelling out from the eyes to be great wine drinckers applyed to the passion Little bladders swelling out before the eyes to be great sléepers and applyed to the passion Of the nose The ende of the nose bigge to be desirous of that he séeth applyed to the Oxe The ende of the nose bigge and turning vp to be without discretion and sluggish applyed to the Sow The ende of the nose sharpe to be of a fierce yre applyed to the Dogge The nose round being blunt at the ende to be stowt applyed to the Lyon. The nose rounde with a sharpenesse at the ende to be wauering of minde applyed to the byrde The nose wholy crooked from the foreheade downewarde to be vnshamefast and vnstable applyed to the Rauen. The nose crooked lyke the Eagles bill to be bolde applyed to the Eagle The nose flatte to be leacherous and hastie in wrath The nosethrils large to be yrefull applyed to the passion The nose stretched long to the mouth to be honest and bolde Of the eares The eares small to be a scoffer applyed to the Ape The eares bigge to be a dullarde applyed to the Asse The eares hanging to be a foole applyed to the Asse The eares of a meane bignesse to be faythfull and honest conditioned The eares ouer rounde to be vnapt to learne The eares long and narrowe to be enuious The eares standing verye nere to the heade to be a dullarde and sluggishe The eares hearie to be long liued and quicke of hearing Of the face The face fleshie to be slowe applyed to the Oxe The face leane to be carefull and circumspect The face very fleshie to be fearefull applied to the Asse and Hart. The face bigge to be slowe applyed to the Oxe and Asse A narrow face to be a niggard The countenance looking downeward to be an hypocrite and wicked The face hollows without any bearing out to be contentious Like to a drunken countenance to be lightly druncke Like to an yrefull countenance to be yrefull and applyed to the apparancie Like to a shamefast countenaunce to be shamefast The face deformed and a wrie to be euill conditioned The face long to be vnshamefast The face of a small cause sweating to be craftie leacherous and a great féeder The face
very little and rounde to bée foolish The face long and leane to be bolde verie crooked long and leane to be malicious larger from the foreheade vnto the iawes to be a lyar Narrower from the iawes vnto the chinne to be enuious and contentious Of the lippes The lippes thinne hanging one ouer the other to be bolde and hardie applyed to the Lion. The lippes thinne and harde to be yrefull and vnapt to learne applyed to the Sow The lippes thinne and soft to be stowte applyed to the Lion. The lippes bigge that the vpper hangeth downe ouer the neather to be foolish applyed to the Asse The vpper lip bearing out that the gummes be séene to be a wrangler and spitefull applyed to the Dogge Of the chinne The chinne sharpe to be faythfull applyed to the Dogge The chinne small and short to be enuious and cruell applyed to the Serpent The chinne in a maner square to be honest cōditioned The chinne long and downewarde sharpe to bée a craftie fellow The chinne rounde to be effeminate applyed to the woman The vnder chinne hanging low downe to be leacherous The chinne hauing a pitte or deuided at the ende to be a wily person and libidinous Of the bearde The woman bearded to be leacherous The woman hauing no bearde at all to be honest conditioned The mans bearde ouer hearie to be Melancholike of a naturall cause The beard séemely formed to be of a good nature of a naturall cause The bearde vnséemely fashioned to be of an euill nature of the contrarie cause The colour of the eyes The colour red aboue to be yrefull applyed to the passion very blacke to be fearefull which the propertie of the colour giueth blacke and yealowish of colour to be honest conditioned applyed to the comelinesse thereof Gray or white to be fearefull which the propertie of the colour giueth A darke yealow to be honest conditioned applyed to the Lion. And fierie to be vnshamefast yet full of myrth Uariable of colour to be fearefull applyed to the passion And shining bright to bée luxurious applyed to the Cocke and Rauen. The colour of the face The colour redde aboue to be shamefast applyed to the passion The chéekes red aboue to be louers of wine applied to the passion The chéekes nose of the liuers rednesse to be most detested The colour of the breast Of a fierie colour to be yrefull applyed to the passion The colour of the whole bodie Uerye blacke of colour to bée fearefull of courage applyed to the blacke Moore Uerye white to be fearefull applyed to the woman Swartish of colour to be meanely strong yealow of colour to be honest conditioned applyed to the Lion verie red or ruddie to be wilie ingenious applyed to the Woolfe A verie pale colour except it be of sicknesse to be fearefull applied to the passion Of a hunnie colour to be sluggish of a naturall cause Of a firie color to be long angry hard to be pleased and very furious And pale not procéeded of ouermuch studie to be vicious wicked Of the teeth The sharpe téeth if they be long fast and bearing outwarde to be a great féeder yrefull and wicked applyed to the Dogge and Bore The téeth bigge and broade to be simple witted vaine of a dull capacitie and lasciuious applyed both to the Oxe and Asse Of the voyce The voyce lowde and bigge to be iniurious applyed to the Asse The beginning bigge and ending small to be yrefull applyed to such which crie oute and to the crying of the Oxe The voyce small soft and broken to be fearefull applied to the woman Bigge and high to be verie yrefull applied to the mastie Dogge A soft voice without reaching to be gentle applyed to the shéepe The voyce small and lowde to be yrefull applyed to the Goate Of the necke The necke bigge to be strong applyed to the man The necke slender applyed to the woman bigge and fleshie to be yrefull applied to the Bul. The necke meane to be stowte applyed to the Lyon long and small to be fearefull applyed to the Hart. The necke verie short to be wyly applyed to the Woolfe and Catte Such sufficient strong about the knot or ioynt of the necke are wittie and of a good capacitie Such there weake to be dullardes Of the breast The breast bigge and well fashioned to bée strong applyed to the man The breast large and well compact to be strong applyed to the Lion. Hearie on the breast to be vnconstant and bolde applyed to Byrdes The breast without heare to be vnshamefast or else fearefull applyed to the woman very fleshie to be vnapt to learne and sluggishe The space from the throte bole vnto the bottome of the breast larger than from the bottome of the breast vnto the nauill of the belly to be wittie and of a good capacitie The pappes fatte and hanging downe in men to be weake and effeminate A bigge péece of flesh bearing out on the left side of the breast in the forme of a Léekes heade or sinewe sprung vp and that there be one or many heares growing on it is then an argument of honour and riches as Ptholomie wryteth Of the shoulders The shoulders fashioned bigge to be strong The shoulders euill fashioned to bée weake of strength well compowned to be liberall but weake compowned and bearing vp thinne to bée a niggard The shoulders bearing sharpe vp to be deceytfull The shoulders broade to be strong and of a good capacitie And narrow to bée a dullarde Of the stomacke Such fatte about the stomacke to be strong Such not fatte to be weake The bellie bearing out bigge to be a great féeder The bellie small formed to be of a good capacitie And hearie from the nauill downewarde to be full of woordes applyed to Byrdes Of the backe The backe narrowe to be weake The backe bigge formed to be strong The backe large to be strong and high minded The backe crooked to be a niggarde and yll condicioned And equally formed or in a meane to be of a good nature Of the armes The armes very long to be strong bolde honest and gentle The armes short to be a procurer of discord and leacherous The armes hearie to be vnconstant leacherous applyed to byrdes Of the handes The hands short and very bigge to be rude and a dullarde The hands fatte with the fingers like to be a théefe The handes small to be vnconstant and wilye The paulmes of the handes vnto the wrestes broade and narrow vpwarde to be a ryotter in his first age Of the nayles of the fingers The nayles large smooth thinne white reddish◠and cleare withall to be wittie and of a good capacitie The nayles narrow and long to be cruell and fierce The nayles rough and rounde to be prone vnto the veneriall act applyed to the propertie The nayles very short to be wicked applied to the property The nayles smal and crooked to be a gréedie catcher applyed to the hawke The nayles verye
Scotus decerned bigge and rough doth witnesse a circumspect person reasonably willing to serue secrete to himselfe disdainfull a betrayer vaine a teller of newes fearefull and yet hauing a reasonable sufficiencie of many things The tongue as Michael Scotus vttereth decerned thinne doth signifie a circumspect person ingenious yet lightly fearefull soone crediting and conuertible vnto the good or euill These hitherto Scotus The nature formes and iudgement of voyces The. xxix chapter THe cause why in some persons the voyce is heard bigge in some vttered small in some decerned bigge and small togither and in some after a horce and aspere maner is for that as the Philosopher vttereth there are thrée principall conditions that concurre vnto the voyce The one is the vertue of the lungs in forcing or procuring forwarde the breath in reuerberating vnto the roote of the tongue or vnto the pype of the lunges The other and second is through the ayre expelled againe to reuerberate the same The third is the pype of the lungs vnto the roote of the tongue where the ayre and breath is reuerberated Of which howe much the sounding vertue consisteth strong to expell much breath and the pype of the longes formed large that the same receyueth great plentie of ayre so much the greater and lesser appeareth the voyce but howe much the vertue appeareth weake and the weason or pype of the lunges consisteth weake so much the smalnesse and shrilnesse of voyce procéedeth and the same insueth according to the vertue moouing and swiftnesse of the breath The grosnesse of the voyce procéedeth through the slownesse of moouing in that creature of which howe much the vertue doth lesser mooue the ayre or breath so much the more subtilnesse or smalnesse and shrilnesse hath the voyce through which this procéedeth and is caused after the minde of the Phisiognomer the swifter Howe much the more ayre or breath sayth he shall be gathered and receyued into the subiect so much the grosser or bigger will the voice succéede and be and the same procured through the slownesse of moouing The asper or rough voyce procéedeth through a drynesse of the pype of the lungs But the horce voyce is caused through a superfluous moysture which descendeth from the heade vnto the pype of the lunges which as it shoulde séeme so hindreth and letteth the breath to passe in that creature The equalitie and swéetenesse of the voice procéedeth and is caused through a temperament of the pype of the lunges when the same consisteth and is neither to drie nor moist For this is a note that the qualitie of the heart not to be resisting or letting but that a proportion of all liuing thinges may be founde and knowne and in these the females are decerned to be of a weaker and shriller voyce than the males except the Cowe as the Philosopher in quinto de Animalibus vttereth The person which hath a bigge voyce is noted to be very iniurious applyed for the forme vnto the Asse as Aristotle reporteth in Methaphoricis Such which séeme to forecall beginning in a base maner and ending small are noted to bée yrefull yet soone appeased and pleased applyed for the forme vnto the Oxe and vnto the comelinesse of the voyce Such which vtter the wordes now bigge now lowe and vnperfitely are indicated to be fearefull applied for the same condition vnto women and vnto the comlinesse of the voyce The persons which séeme to call and speake bigge and the voyce not chaunged into a dyuers maner are applyed of the Philosopher for the forme vnto our great Mastie and vnto the semelinesse of the voyce The creature which is hearde to speake softly without a retching of the voyce are noted to bee gentill and simple applyed for the forme vnto the shéepe Such which call or vtter the wordes shrillye are noted to be irefull applyed for the kinde and forme vnto the Goate these hytherto out of Aristotle the like Albertus Conciliatore report and Hieronimus de Manfredis a countrie man of the Phisiognomers The voyce vttered bigge and distensed in the kinde doth indicat a strong person forasmuch as the same procedeth through the plentie of heate This grosse or bigge voyce doth the Phisiognomer here meane to be like to the base Organe pype The person which vttereth a slowe and bigge sounde of the voyce is iudged to be quiet tractable gentle merie of these certaine are knowne to be verye iust and vpright creatures in theyr dealings after the minde of the Phisiognomer The voyce decerned bigge yet the sounde of wordes perceyued very corrupt is an apparant note of a franticke creature iniurious and a glutton The strength of the voyce ensueth the largenesse of vaynes and multitude of the spirites which altogither are caused of heate as the Philosopher Aristotle reporteth The persons possessing a bigge voyce and that heauily or bassely calling are indicated to be apt persons to beare iniuryes and wrongs applyed for the forme vnto the asse Such creatures which call or beginne bigge and ende in their wordes with a small voyce are denoted to be both yrefull and pitifull at tymes yea soone pleased and tractable applyed vnto the Oxe for the forme of the crie the reason of thys is often taught afore Such a person which hath a grosse high and sounding voyce is reported to be eloquent bold fierce and valiant in armes or a warriour The voyce decerned small and lowe doth indicate such a creature to be fearefull and enuious By this low voyce is here ment sayth the Phisiognomer the small and faint voyce and not the bigge in any maner Here conceyue that the voyce is diuers of sounde forasmuch as the voyce is a sounde with an ymagination by the mouth of the creature vtterod to demonstrate any effect But the sounde is any kinde procéeding of the sounding which vnto the hearing procureth a passion And the speach is a thirde kinde hauing a diuersitie vnto either of these The voyce decerned small soft in the hearing and in a broken maner doth witnesse a womanly fearefulnesse to consist in that creature and to be effeminate The voyce heard slowe doth indicate after the mind of the Philosopher such a person to be sluggishe in actions rashe at tymes and impudent The voyce decerned weake doth argue a straightnesse of the arteries and paucitie of the spirits which are especially caused by the meanes of colde The voyce decerned soft without retching doth indicate such a person to be gentle and tractable applyed vnto the shéepe for the similitude of the voyce euen as the others applyed vnto Beastes of lyke condition The voyce hearde grosse and highe doth indicate a hotenesse of the heart and lunges and a largenesse of the wesand that both fréely draweth and expelleth the ayre or breath without impediment for which cause the voyce heard lowde doth denote such a creature to be talkatiue bolde and contencious The Philosopher Aristotle in de secretis secretorum vttereth that whose voyce appeareth
a meane betwéene a smalnesse and bignesse is noted to be a person sapient a foreséer true and iust and these through the contrary cause Such a person which is decerned quicke of spéeche especially if he hath a shrill voyce is denoted to be a creature yrefull obstinate foolishe importunate a lyar and euermore euill conditioned But if the voyce shall be perceyued or decerned grosse or rather bigge doth signifie such a creature to be yrefull hastie of an euill nature and condition The creature which hath a swéete and pleasaunt voyce is iudged of the Philosopher Aristotle to be enuious yrefull at tymes and marueylous suspecting The delectablenesse of voyce decerned in a proper subiect as the worthy Palemon vttereth doth indicate a dull capacitie and foolishnesse yet a stowtnesse of courage to consist in him The quicknesse and hastinesse of wordes or spéeche decerned as the learned Albertus reporteth doth argue a hote complexion to consist in that creature The like do Phylemon Loxius Palemon and Conciliatore vtter vnder these words that whose voyce is heard grosse bigge vttered is reported to be yrefull rash and hastie in his actions and supposed to be of an euill nature the reason of these is reported of them to be through the vntemperate hotnesse The person hastie in spéeche especially when he hath a small voyce is reported to be wicked a foole importunate a lyar yrefull and euermore of euill conditions Whose voyce shall be decerned pleasaunt as afore vttered is iudged enuious and suspitious the reason hath bene opened in another place for as much as the same is effeminate Further the delectablenesse of voyce doth denote small wisedome or simplenesse and veneriall conditions The auncient Rasis reporteth that the voyce decerned bigge doth indicate the whotnesse of complexion but the small voyce doth witnesse the coldnesse of complexion in that creature The voyce perceyued rough or horse like vnto the Cranes doth testifie an enuious person and one that retayneth a mischiefe or grudge secretly in the heart the same person also is by report of the Philosopher Melancholik in qualitie Whose voyce shall be decerned not fully vttered or spoken with a long breath is noted to be a vile person through the coldnesse of the heart and peraduenture with moystnesse applyed They which vtter the voyce in cutting of tha breath doe promise liberally but performe little and such are knowne to be deceyuers They which are decerned to vtter the voyce as it were by a moouement of the breast sturdily bigge are denoted to be manly yet vnapt to learne and stowte of courage applyed for the forme vnto the Lyon. They which haue a slowe and bigge voyce are denoted to be quiet and merrie such also for the more part are knowne to be iust persons and gentle conditioned They which are heard to sounde the voyce shrill like vnto byrdes are noted to be prone vnto the veneriall acte vnstable and vaine A breathing decerned small and faint in voice doth innuate such a creature to be sadde for the more part frowarde and suspicious The creature which mooueth often himselfe and speaketh with the moouing of handes is thought vncleanly yet of a readie wytte and quick vtteraunce and sometimes knowne to be a deceyuer But he which refrayneth from the mouing of handes when he speaketh is of a perfiter vnderstanding of a good disposition and of a sounde counsell The person which speaketh and soundeth the voyce through the nosethrilles is affirmed to be full of wordes a lyar malicious enuious and ioyeth in the harmes of another and such a creature doth imitate the nature of the Ducke This the Phisiognomer obserued and noted in a certaine countrieman of his Further the voyce heard vehement and making a noyse as a sounde vndecently mixed doth denote an vniust person violent and bearing hatred in heart But the voice decerned slowe doth indicate a sluggishe person in actions and sometimes hastie And whose voyce in the middle appeareth a meane as betweene the â–ª smalnesse and grosenesse is accompted sapient a foreséer true and iust The condition and iudgement of laughter The. xxx chapter THe minde after the opinion of the Philosopher is much delighted with laughter yet the ouermuch laughter is named of most men a laughter out of course and argueth besides a small vnderstanding and simple wyt Of which the common Prouerbe ryfe and often divulgated of the wise is that in the mouth of a foole much laughter consisteth the like reporteth Catullus that singuler Poet in thys Sentence The laughter light moued not framed in place Bewrayth a fooles folie in iesture and grace Here conceaue that through the Milte formed bigge such a creature is procured to laugh much otherwise is it when in the contrary maner as some report And the learned Isidore in xi ethymolagiarum vttereth that the Mylt to be so named of the supplying of the same which properly lyeth on the contrary part of the liuer to the ende the same should not coÌ„sist or remaine emptie The Gaule is knowne to be an apt receptacle bladder in the creature which by due worke of nature sendeth or receaueth into it the choller The Mylt also some suppose to be the procurer and moouer of laughter seing by it we are especially caused to laughe By the Gaule if we may credite Iâ—ydore are all creatures moued vnto yre by the hart to conceaue déepely matters by the lyuer of the qualitie moued vnto loue through which foure elements euery lyuing creature sayth he is sustayned So that the persons which sufficiently laughe are denoted after the agréement of wryters to be beninge and gentle quyet beloued for their curteous behauiour of all persons yet lightly endamaged or harmed although such are smally carefull for any and these besides are of an apparaunt comlynesse sayth the Phisiognomer applyed vnto the Sanguine and Iouiall persons The creature which reasonably laugheth is argued to be giuen to myrth and one of a good qualitie and that ioyeth much in the veneriall acte especially if the eyes appeare smyling The ouermuch laughter exercised as Aristotle vttereth vnto king Alexander remoueth reuerence and hasteth olde age in that creature for trouth with such willingly sayth the Phisiognomer is no societie or felowship to be vsed in that these lack wytte and are nothing at all secret yet these after some wryters are reported to be seruiceable and painefull in their doings Such persons which are séene sildome to laugh are indicated to be of a déepe vnderstanding and knowne faythfull as certayne report and this of the Phisiognomer obserued and noted in sundrie honest and vertuous persons which he knewe to be searchers of déepe and hid secrets The cause euidently appeareth and is knowne to be a déepe thinking and reatch which consisteth in the creature that remoueth the laughter Of which such a creature that much and often laugheth as aboue vttered bethinketh or museth on no serious and déepe matter nor maketh anye solemne or wittie discourse