Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	animal_n	brain_n	spirit_n	2,322	5	5.6452	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A56300	A theatre of politicall flying-insects wherein especially the nature, the vvorth, the vvork, the wonder, and the manner of right-ordering of the bee, is discovered and described : together with discourses, historical, and observations physical concerning them : and in a second part are annexed meditations, and observations theological and moral, in three centuries upon that subject / by Samuel Purchas ...	Purchas, Samuel, 1577?-1626.	1657 (1657)	Wing P4224; ESTC R6282	278,822	394

affections upon the things they fancie or as the Creeple layes his full weight upon his crutches and therefore when they are taken from them as Pharaohs chariot wheeles they are drawne upon all foure and stick in the mud yea they set on their affections as the Bee her sting with all their might and strength they convey into others their very bowels and hearts and therefore when they are gone they are heartlesse LVIII He that is pained with the Bees stinging must for cure speedily pluck out the sting and then apply juice of mallowes mixed with oyle or honey to the wound And the best remedy for a wounded conscience is first to pluck forth the sting of sin and then to wash in Christs blood and for the future keepe the heart above all keepings for as the eye is subject to infinite distempers so is the conscience LIX Bees solitary and alone especially in the night or winter season are quickly benummed with cold and die but many united together are agill and livel nay one chilled with cold put to the many recovers and hath a new returne of life So that I doe not improperly speake if I say they live as much by heate as by meate And therefore if there be many in a hive though there be but a tollerable supply of food they will doe well but if they have never so much meate and be not many and numerous they will miscarry and come to nothing The communion of Saints puts life into those that have it not and increaseth it in those in whom it is The health of the body doth not communicate it selfe to others it is otherwise in the life of the soule the life of it makes others to live more as iron sharpens iron so one holy man doth another when two lie together they keepe one another warme there is action and redaction this is a powerfull meanes to get and increase this life LX. Bees in the Spring when the weather is faire will worke chearefully but if the Sunne withdraw his beames the wind blow hollow the chilling showers descend then they are presently dull and livelesse scarce appeare if at all not farre from the hive it is an uncomfortable time the spirits of the Bees lower are heavy and sad we see it also in the body that the animall spirits in the braine which are the causes of motion and sense if they be obstructed there followes an Apoplexie and death So it is between Christ and the soule he is the Sunne of righteousnesse by whose beames we are all comforted and cheared but when they are withheld then our spirits decay and are discouraged Summer and Winter arise from the presence and absence of the Sunne the presence of the Sunne when it comes neare causeth the earth to be cloathed with a rich embroiderie of fruits and flowers And what makes the Summer and Winter in the soule but the absence or presence of Christ what makes some so vigorous beyond others but the presence of the Spirit As it is in nature so it is here the presence of Christ is the cause of all spirituall life and vigour but if he withdrawes his presence a little the soule failes LXI Bees when they assault a man strike fiercely at the face the beauty of man and principally in the face aime at the eye the beautie of the face Thus Satan though he be malicious against all mankind yet chiefly against those who by Christ are conquered out of his hand and having their garments washed in the blood of the Lambe are most beautifull For as the Panther rageing on the picture of a man bewrayes the hatred he beares unto him So the Devill to testifie how much he hates God himselfe spends the greatest of his fury on them that beare the image of God Thus doe Satans instruments incarnate Devils though they care not usually whom they wrong opprosse injure hate yet most of all the holy ones in earth are the object of their hatred they are the drunkards songs and a sport to the foolish What muttering what whispering what censuring what sinister construction is set upon every action of theirs what discovering what blazeing of infirmities what so high but they will reach it what so deepe but they will be sounding the bottome of it but a day will come when they will cry out with Cicero O me nunquam sapientem et aliquando id quod non eram falso existimatum Aye me that indeed was never wise but falsely thought to be what I was not And with those in the booke of Wisdome We fooles thought his life madnesse and his end without honour how is he accounted among the children of God and his portion among the Saints But the innocent heart shall then lift up a chearfull countenance as knowing that though here it were despised yet there it shall be justified and rewarded with a crowne of glorie LXII Waspes gather not as Bees yet some seeing them running on the tops of flowers and sucking in the cels are notably deluded supposing that they gather as well as the Bees Whereas they only suck to satisfie a wanton fancie but carry away nothing for a future supply of themselves or Common-wealth Hypocrites in many out-side duties may comply with beleevers and have their conversation in such actions that they are usually practicall in and so deceive many who are easily beguiled with similitudes All deceite is from similitude False wares having the same die that the true have deceive the buyers so falling starres are like other starres When we see men that professe religion false hearted many are apt to thinke that all are so wherefore the Apostle prayes that they might abound in all knowledge and judgement to discerne of things that differ this proximitie makes many deceived LXIII A lamp or candle by the brightnesse of it intiseth the Bee as many other flies to embrace it but by that meanes she is eyther drowned in the oyle or burned in the flame So the shewes of sinne and the pleasures of the world entice the mindes of men that their hearts are drowned in many feares and sorrowes and when they suppose that they have catcht all they themselves are caught Finally corruption and destruction the naturall ends of all things under heaven layeth hold upon them Qui lachrimarum causas tripudiantes peragunt et ridentes mortis negotium exequuntur Who goe dancing through the causes of their mourning and with laughter act the tragedie of their owne death LXIV The Titmouse is a great destroyer of Bees and more easily and certainly to obtaine his pray will in the winter watch at the doores of their hives their Castles of security and as soone as any come forth seizeth upon them and eateth them If none appeare he knocks with his bill and they feeling the motion come forth to know the cause and are presently devoured by him In the Spring time he resorts to the willow trees whither

low and almost close to the ground and rest often Aristotle saith The smaller Bees are more industrious than the greater his reason is their wings are worn and jagged their colour black and their backs bowing when saith hee the greater are smooth and beautiful like idle women when indeed they are originally of one magnitude but growing old their bodies are small thin and grey and their wings torn and tattered a certain symptome of an approaching death whereas the others beauty and lustiness is a Crysis of their youth not their idleness In the morning they are husht and still saith Aristotle untill one surely the Master of the watch with two or three loud buzzings calls them all up as it were to work But no such exciting sound could I ever hear nay I am confident there is none at all But some such like thing is practised by the Apes which some have transferred to the Bees Near the River Gambra in Africa and in many other places it is certain that the Apes gather together towards night some hundreds in a company and in the trees especially near the Rivers side dance their Lav●lita's and perform many strange Garbo●les but about the setting of the Sun one of the company called by the English Mr. Constable with two or three loud voyces ceaseth all their disports and after that they continue quiet and silent untill the next morning when by a like voyce they have liberty given them to play and recreate themselves When the Bees likewise return from work they are as Aristotle and others a while in a tumul●uous hurly burly and then by degrees make less noise and less untill one flying about gives notice as it were that they must all to sleep but it is nothing so for in full Hives in the latter part of the Spring and in the heat of Summer they make a great buzzing sound all night Bees live in a Martial discipline like Souldiers in a Garrison some alwaies watching and warding understand it of the Summer season when the chilling cold or nipping frost doth not force them into their Hives yet in the day time they continue it longer A hot Sun-shine or warmer aire even in Winter will quickly prompt them out of their Hives to take a short vagary near their stalls but if the cold bee intense they are quiessent if not dormant Bees are indefatigably that I say not covetously laborious alwayes working but never satisfied alwayes toyling but never coming to a period of their endeavours sti●l progressive never at their journies end being impossib●e to bee st●nted and the longer they work the more ●a●●est they are and impatient of delayes or loyterings while there is matter to work upon in the fields and the weather is seasonable Nay if the flowers decay and grow scanty The Stocks that have enough and to spare will to keep themselves doing rob from their neighbours For every Hive or Commonwealth endeavours to bee a Non-such and to engross all within its own circumference and by any means to make it self the increasing figure though toyl and restlesness continually attend it They are not offended with red coloured cloaths as some affirm nor yet in●briated with sweet oyntments no nor much offended with stinking favours I have known twenty Hives together stand against a dunghil divers years and thrive and prosper well yet would I not perswade any to set them in such a place if hee can provide another They express not more love to their keepers than strangers but they being used to them with greater confidence venture among them which some more fearful beholding fancie that the Bees respect and love them more than strangers whereas would they boldly come among them nay take them in their hands and carry themselves peaceably towards them except when they bee irritated and offended before they should finde all love and favour from them They feed not on any flesh nor need Pythagoras cavea●s for that purpose That some Bees gather not honey but water for the King and his guard is a meer fable for they mutually perform all imployments That there is such an order that the elder Bees should have a proper place in every Hive and the younger another peculiar to themselves is as most of the opinions of the Ancients a fabulous narration for they are all promiscuously mixed together Bees as many other Insects have neither visible bones nor Cartilages nor Nerves nor fat nor flesh nor a brittle shell as some land and Sea-creatures have nor that which may bee properly called a skin but a body of a certain middle nature between all these like to a dry Nerve but far softer Their body is divided into three principal parts and there is motion in every part severed one from another so that whatsoever is the reason of their life it is not fixed to any one member but in the whole and therefore Pliny was deceived who accords in the former but denies that Insects and therefore Bees have any symptome of life by motion in the head except it bee cut off with the breast Aristotle taught him this lesson which without trial hee took upon trust as many more And Sealiger also after him and is not content to entertain an errour but insolently insults over Galen for placing the chief residency of the soul in the brain It is true that the heads of Eeles and Snakes cut off live not long when as the body lives a great while nay a speedy way to kill an Eele is to peirce her through the middle of her ●●il Upon dissection I have found that onely the head being cut off the horns the chaps and the tongue also will stir and that a great while after the separation from the body Now the reason hereof may bee this Bees have the spirks diffused amost all over and therefore they move in their several peeces whereas men and beasts move very little time after their heads are off And therefore it is certain that the immediate cause of death is the resolution or extinguishment of the spirits and that the destruction or corruption of the Organs is but the mediate cause but some Organs are so peremptorily necessary that the extinguishment of the spirits doth speedily follow but yet so as there is an interim of a small time but for Worms and Bees the spirits are diffused almost all over and therefore they move in their several peeces Further to illustrate this Iohn Leo reports that men condemned to suffer death in Egypt have lived a quarter of an hour divided asunder set upon a heated Caldron sprinkled with unslaked lime and understood and given answers A living creature is sensible in every part so that it can exercise it in regard of heat and can also perform in every office that the organ or instrument for that office is remaining and hence are determined many controversies Some query whether a living creature can subsist without the head

others whether without the heart Without the head they are not sensible but live without the heart they are sensible but the heat quickly decayes and motion and life also Bees revive easily when they seem dead being brought to the Sun or fire the cause whereof is as before the diffusion of the vital spirits and the easie dilating of them by a little heat they stir therefore a good while after their heads are off and that they bee cut in peeces which as before is caused for that their vital spirits are more diffused throughout all their parts and less confined to organs than perfect creatures Augustins mentions the same with astonishment and wonder supposing that no reason can bee rendred for it but that it is a secret work of God left one soul should seem to bee divided into so many parts Aristotle saith that Insects are most like plants because they have many beginnings in their essence for as plants cut in peeces live so Insects for a time but plants more fully Bees when they flye lift themselves up thus they do when they arise from the Hive but they can flye forth-right without any visible elevation of themselves Aldr●mandus would give a reason for it because saith hee they want a taile and therefore continue not long in the aire But this by experience is found to bee otherwise and birds that have long tailes yet have a jumping motion in their flight as the Wagtaile When the Hives are full of Bees and well supplied with meat neither moths nor any other hurtful creature can much endanger them but when they are few and weak they easily miscarry by every adversary so that it is not a signe of a better sort of Bee as Aristotle delivers but onely of want of numbers or strength when they neglect their own preservation which sometimes they having formerly endeavoured and finding their labours frustrate they grow desperate and careless but though in number they bee but few and therefore their dangers many their provision little and therefore their fare poor and pinching yet will they not forsake their own Commonwealth to communicate of the wealth or strength of others but without repining rest contented yet by diligence endeavouring to improve their store and numbers But when they are so few that they cannot thrive alone they will with a general consent except their Generals to whom such a resolution is deadly sometimes joyn themselves to another Hive but alwayes with hazard often with destruction Bees delight to play abroad before the Hive flying in and out as thick as if they were fighting or swarming in breeding time once a day usually if it bee fair weather and ordinarily at a set time each Hive observing the same hour of the day if it bee fair and then they will expatiate and dance the Hay in circling motions and surrounding Vagaries and at other times when they have been long shut up with cold or closer weather the first fair day they will thus abroad both to recreate themselves and also to ease their bodies for they evacuate for the most part flying CHAP. VI. Bees Politicks Ethicks and Economicks ONe drop of water hath no power one spark of fire is not strong but the gathering together of waters called Seas and the communion of many flames do make both raging and invincible elements And una Apis nulla Apis one Bee is no Bee but a multitude a swarm of Bees uniting their forces together is very profitable very comfortable very terrible profitable to their owners comfortable to themselves terrible to their enemies Bees are political creatures and destinate all their actions to one common end they have one common habitation one common work all work for all and one common care and love towards all their young and that under one Commander who is not an elected Governour for the vulgar often want judgement raising the worst and wickedest to the Throne nor hath hee his power by lot for the chances of lots are absurd and ridiculous conferring command often upon the meanest Nor is hee by hereditary succession placed in the Throne for often through pleasures and flatteries are they rude and ignorant of true vertue but by nature hath hee the Sovereignty over all excelling all in goodliness and goodness in mildness and majesty They have all the same common laws and with common care observe them all and have one common bond not to have any thing lawful for one which is not lawful for another but whatsoever is lawful is lawful for all And they have one common respect and reverence to their Commander by whose counsel their Commonwealth is governed a common house a common care of posterity common labour common food common generation a common use and fruition of all things A Bee like a man cannot live alone if shee be alone shee dies As in the Fable of Menenius Agrippa the whole body soon perished when the rest of the members to ease themselves wronged the belly so the whole Commonwealth of Bees will quickly bee dissolved if they labour each Bee for her self and neglect the publick Nay the Drones though they bee idle yet are usefull instruments for the good and preservation of the Commonwealth The Polity of Bees is admirable and imitable Plato and Cicero after a divers manner prescribed the form of a Common-wealth one how it ought to bee the other how it was of old but both lay down this as a maxime that a civil life should imitate nature which is the best instructer But what is Natures lesson the irrational creatures best express and chiefly Bees and therefore Plutarch sends his Trojane to Virgil that hee might borrow a civil life from the Bees For a civil man by natures rule is alwayes chiefe of the City as the Commander among the Bees And again hee saith Bees conserve community unto their last for no man ever saw a Bee degenerate into a Drone which some require of Civil Governours that the vigour of their age being past they should live idle at home Great spirits degenerate no● They express if not great reverence yet I am sure great love to their Commander without whom they will bee they will do nothing and with whom they will bee any thing go any whither stay any where bee content with any thing The Poet elegantly thus writes Besides not Egypt nor rich Lydia●●re ●●re Nor Medes nor Parthian● do their King adore Whilst bee's alive in concord all obey But when bee dyes all leagues are broke and they Themselves destroy their gathered food at home And re●d the fabrick of their Honey-combe 'T is bee preserves their works him all admire And guard his person with a strong desire They carry him for him they bazzard death And think in War they nobly lose their breath Xantippus therefore the Lacedemonian being General of the Carthaginian● said Hee had rather serve under the Commander of the Bees than