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america_n and_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o same_o in_o this_o part_n of_o the_o world_n proceed_v from_o the_o swell_a chief_o of_o the_o water_n there_o and_o partly_o also_o from_o the_o north_n sea_n which_o lie_v also_o east_n and_o west_n and_o have_v a_o passage_n out_o of_o the_o south_n sea_n by_o the_o straight_a of_o anian_n between_o america_n and_o asia_n a._n do_v not_o the_o mediterranean-sea_n lie_v also_o east_n and_o west_n why_o be_v there_o not_o the_o like_a tide_n there_o b._n so_o there_o be_v proportionable_a to_o their_o length_n and_o quantity_n of_o water_n a._n at_o genoa_n at_o ancona_n there_o be_v none_o at_o all_o or_o not_o sensible_a b._n at_o venice_n there_o be_v and_o in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o straits_n and_o a_o current_a all_o along_o both_o the_o mediterranean-sea_n and_o the_o gulf_n of_o venice_n and_o it_o be_v the_o current_n that_o make_v the_o tide_n unsensible_a at_o the_o side_n but_o the_o check_n make_v they_o visible_a at_o the_o 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own_o centre_n answerable_a to_o the_o diurnal_a motion_n of_o the_o earth_n b._n why_o not_o what_o else_o can_v you_o think_v make_v the_o diurnal_a motion_n of_o the_o earth_n but_o the_o sun_n and_o for_o the_o moon_n if_o it_o do_v not_o turn_v upon_o its_o own_o centre_n we_o shall_v see_v sometime_o one_o sometime_o another_o face_n of_o the_o moon_n which_o we_o do_v not_o chap._n iii_o problem_n of_o vacuum_n what_o convince_a argument_n be_v there_o to_o prove_v that_o in_o all_o the_o world_n there_o be_v no_o empty_a place_n b._n many_o but_o i_o will_v name_v but_o one_o and_o that_o be_v the_o difficulty_n of_o separate_v two_o body_n hard_a and_o flat_o lay_v
one_o upon_o another_o i_o say_v the_o difficulty_n not_o the_o impossibility_n it_o be_v possible_a without_o introduce_v vacuum_n to_o pull_v asunder_o any_o two_o body_n how_o hard_a and_o flat_a soever_o they_o be_v if_o the_o force_n use_v be_v great_a than_o the_o resistance_n of_o the_o hardness_n and_o in_o case_n there_o be_v any_o great_a difficulty_n to_o part_v they_o beside_o what_o proceed_v from_o their_o hardness_n then_o there_o be_v to_o pull_v they_o further_o asunder_o when_o they_o be_v part_v that_o difficulty_n be_v argument_n enough_o to_o prove_v there_o be_v no_o vacuum_n a._n these_o assertion_n need_v demonstration_n and_o first_o how_o do_v the_o difficulty_n of_o separation_n argue_v the_o plenitude_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o world_n b._n if_o two_o flat_a polish_a marble_n lie_v one_o upon_o another_o you_o see_v they_o be_v hardly_o separate_v in_o all_o point_n at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o instant_n and_o yet_o the_o weight_n of_o either_o of_o they_o it_o be_v enough_o to_o make_v they_o slide_v off_o one_o from_o the_o other_o be_v not_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o that_o the_o air_n succeed_v the_o marble_n that_o so_o slide_v and_o fill_v up_o the_o place_n it_o leave_v a._n yes_o certain_o what_o then_o b._n but_o when_o you_o pull_v the_o whole_a superficies_n asunder_o not_o without_o great_a difficulty_n what_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o that_o difficulty_n a._n i_o think_v as_o most_o man_n do_v that_o the_o air_n can_v fill_v up_o the_o space_n between_o in_o a_o instant_n for_o the_o part_n be_v in_o a_o instant_n b._n suppose_v there_o be_v vacuum_n in_o that_o air_n into_o which_o the_o marble_n you_o pull_v off_o be_v to_o succeed_v shall_v there_o be_v no_o vacuum_n in_o the_o air_n that_o be_v round_o about_o the_o two_o marble_n when_o they_o touch_v why_o can_v that_o vacuum_n come_v into_o the_o place_n between_o air_n can_v succeed_v in_o a_o instant_n because_o a_o body_n and_o consequent_o can_v be_v move_v through_o the_o least_o space_n in_o a_o instant_n but_o emptiness_n be_v not_o a_o body_n nor_o be_v move_v but_o make_v by_o the_o act_n itself_o of_o separation_n there_o be_v therefore_o if_o you_o admit_v vacuum_n no_o necessity_n at_o all_o for_o the_o air_n to_o fill_v the_o space_n leave_v in_o a_o instant_n and_o therefore_o with_o what_o ease_n the_o marble_n come_v off_o press_v out_o the_o vacuum_n of_o the_o air_n behind_o it_o with_o the_o same_o ease_n will_v the_o marble_n be_v pull_v asunder_o see_v then_o if_o there_o be_v vacuum_n there_o will_v be_v no_o difficulty_n of_o separation_n it_o follow_v because_o there_o be_v difficulty_n of_o separation_n that_o there_o be_v no_o vacuum_n a._n well_o now_o suppose_v the_o world_n full_a how_o do_v you_o prove_v it_o possible_a to_o pull_v those_o marble_n asunder_o b._n take_v a_o piece_n of_o soft_a wax_n do_v not_o you_o think_v the_o one_o half_a touch_n the_o other_o half_a as_o close_o as_o the_o smooth_a marble_n yet_o you_o can_v pull_v they_o asunder_o but_o how_o still_o as_o you_o pull_v the_o wax_n grow_v continual_o more_o and_o more_o slender_a there_o be_v a_o perpetual_a part_n or_o discession_n of_o the_o outermost_a part_n of_o the_o wax_n one_o from_o another_o which_o the_o air_n present_o fill_v and_o so_o there_o be_v a_o continual_a lessen_v of_o the_o wax_n till_o it_o be_v no_o big_a than_o a_o hair_n and_o at_o last_o separation_n if_o you_o can_v do_v the_o same_o to_o a_o pillar_n of_o marble_n till_o the_o outside_n give_v way_n the_o effect_n will_v be_v the_o same_o but_o much_o quick_a after_o it_o once_o begin_v to_o break_v in_o the_o superficies_n because_o the_o force_n that_o can_v master_v the_o first_o resistance_n of_o the_o hardness_n will_v quick_o dispatch_v the_o rest_n a._n it_o seem_v so_o by_o the_o brittleness_n of_o some_o hard_a body_n but_o i_o shall_v afterward_o put_v some_o question_n to_o you_o touch_v the_o nature_n of_o hardness_n but_o now_o to_o return_v to_o our_o subject_n what_o reason_n can_v you_o render_v without_o suppose_v vacuum_n of_o the_o effect_n produce_v in_o the_o engine_n they_o use_v at_o gresham_n college_n b._n that_o engine_n produce_v the_o same_o effect_n that_o a_o strong_a wind_n will_v produce_v in_o a_o narrow_a room_n a._n how_o come_v the_o wind_n in_o you_o know_v the_o engine_n be_v a_o hollow_a round_a pipe_n of_o brass_n into_o which_o be_v thrust_v a_o cylinder_n of_o wood_n cover_v with_o leather_n and_o fit_v to_o the_o cylinder_n so_o exact_o as_o no_o air_n can_v possible_o pass_v between_o the_o leather_n and_o the_o brass_n b._n i_o know_v it_o and_o that_o they_o may_v thrust_v it_o up_o there_o be_v a_o hole_n leave_v in_o the_o cylinder_n to_o let_v the_o air_n out_o before_o it_o which_o they_o can_v stop_v when_o they_o please_v there_o be_v also_o in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o cylinder_n a_o passage_n into_o a_o hollow_a globe_n of_o glass_n which_o passage_n they_o can_v also_o open_a and_o shut_v at_o pleasure_n and_o at_o the_o top_n of_o that_o globe_n there_o be_v a_o wide_a mouth_n to_o put_v in_o what_o they_o please_v to_o try_v conclusion_n on_o and_o that_o also_o to_o be_v open_v and_o shut_v as_o shall_v be_v needful_a it_o be_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o pop-gun_n which_o child_n use_v but_o great_a costly_a and_o more_o ingenious_a they_o thrust_v forward_o and_o pull_v back_o the_o wooden_a cylinder_n because_o it_o require_v much_o strength_n with_o a_o iron_n screw_v what_o be_v there_o in_o all_o this_o to_o prove_v the_o possibility_n of_o vacuum_n a._n when_o this_o wooden_a cylinder_n cover_v with_o leather_n fit_a and_o close_o be_v thrust_v home_o to_o the_o bottom_n and_o the_o hole_n in_o the_o hollow_a cylinder_n of_o brass_n close_o stop_v how_o can_v it_o be_v draw_v back_o as_o with_o the_o screw_n they_o draw_v it_o but_o that_o the_o space_n it_o leave_v must_v needs_o be_v empty_a for_o it_o be_v impossible_a 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put_v out_o of_o its_o place_n without_o remove_v the_o whole_a be_v that_o which_o i_o and_o all_o man_n call_v hard_a and_o the_o contrary_a soft_a so_o that_o they_o be_v but_o degree_n one_o of_o another_o a._n what_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o make_v one_o body_n hard_o than_o another_o or_o see_v you_o say_v they_o be_v but_o degree_n of_o one_o another_o what_o make_v one_o body_n soft_a than_o another_o and_o the_o same_o body_n sometime_o hard_o sometime_o soft_a b._n the_o same_o motion_n which_o we_o have_v suppose_v from_o the_o begin_n for_o the_o cause_n of_o so_o many_o other_o effect_n which_o motion_n not_o be_v upon_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o part_n move_v but_o the_o part_n itself_o go_v in_o another_o circle_n to_o and_o again_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a that_o the_o motion_n be_v perfect_o circular_a for_o it_o be_v not_o circulation_n but_o the_o reciprocation_n i_o mean_v the_o to_o and_o again_o that_o do_v cast_v off_o and_o lacerrate_v the_o air_n and_o consequent_o produce_v the_o forementioned_a effect_n for_o the_o cause_n therefore_o of_o hardness_n i_o suppose_v the_o reciprocation_n of_o motion_n in_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v hard_a to_o be_v very_o swift_a and_o in_o very_o small_a circle_n a._n this_o be_v somewhat_o hard_a to_o believe_v i_o will_v you_o can_v supply_v it_o with_o some_o visible_a experience_n b._n when_o you_o see_v for_o example_n a_o cross-bow_n bend_v do_v you_o think_v the_o part_n of_o it_o stir_v a._n no._n i_o be_o sure_a they_o do_v not_o b._n how_o be_v you_o sure_a you_o have_v no_o argument_n for_o it_o but_o that_o you_o do_v not_o see_v the_o motion_n when_o i_o see_v you_o sit_v still_o must_v i_o believe_v there_o be_v no_o motion_n in_o your_o part_n within_o when_o there_o be_v so_o many_o argument_n to_o convince_v i_o there_o be_v a._n what_o argument_n have_v you_o to_o convince_v i_o that_o there_o be_v motion_n in_o a_o cross-bow_n when_o it_o stand_v bend_v b._n if_o you_o cut_v the_o string_n or_o any_o way_n set_v the_o bow_n at_o liberty_n it_o will_v have_v then_o a_o very_a visible_a motion_n what_o can_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o that_o a._n why_o the_o set_n of_o the_o bow_n at_o liberty_n b._n if_o the_o bow_n have_v be_v crooked_a before_o it_o be_v bend_v and_o a_o string_n tie_v to_o both_o end_n and_o then_o cut_v asunder_o the_o bow_n will_v not_o have_v stir_v where_o lie_v the_o difference_n a._n the_o bow_n bend_v have_v a_o spring_n unbend_v it_o have_v none_o how_o crooked_a soever_o b._n what_o mean_v you_o by_o spring_n a._n a_o endeavour_n of_o restitution_n to_o its_o former_a posture_n b._n i_o understand_v spring_n as_o well_o as_o i_o do_v endeavour_n a._n i_o mean_v a_o prnciple_n or_o beginning_n of_o motion_n in_o a_o contrary_a way_n to_o that_o of_o the_o force_n which_o bend_v it_o b._n but_o the_o begin_n of_o motion_n be_v also_o motion_n how_o insensible_a soever_o it_o be_v and_o you_o know_v that_o nothing_o can_v give_v a_o beginning_n of_o motion_n to_o itself_o what_o be_v it_o therefore_o that_o give_v the_o bow_n which_o you_o say_v you_o be_v sure_o be_v at_o rest_n when_o it_o stand_v bend_v its_o first_o endeavour_n to_o return_v to_o its_o former_a posture_n a._n it_o be_v he_o that_o bend_v it_o b._n that_o can_v be_v for_o he_o give_v it_o a_o endeavour_n to_o come_v forward_o and_o the_o bow_n endeavour_v to_o go_v backward_o a._n well_o grant_v that_o endeavour_n be_v motiou_n and_o motion_n in_o the_o bow_n unbend_v how_o do_v you_o derive_v from_o thence_o that_o be_v set_v at_o liberty_n it_o must_v return_v to_o its_o former_a posture_n b._n thus_o there_o be_v within_o the_o bow_n a_o swift_a though_o invisible_a motion_n of_o all_o the_o part_n and_o consequent_o of_o the_o whole_a the_o bend_n cause_v that_o motion_n which_o be_v along_o the_o bow_n that_o be_v beat_v out_o when_o it_o be_v hot_a into_o that_o length_n to_o operate_v a_o cross_a the_o length_n in_o every_o part_n of_o it_o and_o the_o more_o by_o how_o much_o it_o be_v more_o bend_v and_o consequent_o endeavour_v to_o unbend_v it_o all_o the_o while_o it_o stand_v bend_v and_o therefore_o when_o the_o force_n which_o keep_v it_o bend_v be_v remove_v it_o must_v of_o necessity_n return_v to_o the_o posture_n it_o have_v before_o a._n but_o have_v that_o endeavour_n no_o effect_n at_o all_o before_o the_o impediment_n be_v remove_v for_o if_o endeavour_n be_v motion_n and_o every_o motion_n have_v some_o effect_n more_o or_o less_o methinks_v this_o endavour_n shall_v in_o time_n produce_v something_o b._n so_o it_o do_v for_o in_o time_n in_o a_o long_a time_n the_o