mercury_n without_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o circumspection_n i_o therefore_o hearty_o advise_v our_o new-coyned_a physician_n since_o they_o must_v be_v dabble_v not_o too_o much_o to_o idolise_v mounseur_fw-fr mercury_n nor_o fond_a too_o much_o of_o their_o late_a skill_n in_o salivation_n those_o that_o know_v it_o full_a out_o as_o well_o as_o they_o must_v tell_v they_o by_o way_n of_o friendly_a advice_n that_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v give_v to_o none_o but_o such_o as_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o now_o good_a reader_n i_o have_v even_o weary_v thou_o out_o and_o therefore_o will_v hasten_v to_o my_o matter_n and_o conclude_v this_o preface_n with_o hypocrates_n qui_fw-la vocat_fw-la medicinam_fw-la omnium_fw-la artium_fw-la nobilissimam_fw-la sed_fw-la propter_fw-la ignorantiam_fw-la eorum_fw-la qui_fw-la eam_fw-la male_a exercent_fw-la esse_fw-la omnium_fw-la vilissimam_fw-la fundamentum_fw-la enim_fw-la quo_fw-la pedem_fw-la figunt_fw-la non_fw-la habent_fw-la de_fw-la quibus_fw-la etiam_fw-la seneca_n semper_fw-la distant_a nunquam_fw-la ad_fw-la veritatem_fw-la perveniunt_fw-la and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o they_o have_v no_o guide_n for_o direction_n they_o be_v so_o enthusiastical_o wise_a they_o scorn_v a_o master_n to_o instruct_v they_o methodical_o in_o the_o true_a fundamental_o of_o physic_n but_o shoot_v at_o random_n with_o all_o their_o industry_n nothing_o be_v produce_v but_o rudis_fw-la indigestaque_fw-la mole_n and_o the_o same_o author_n go_v on_o tell_v we_o ignorantia_fw-la est_fw-la quae_fw-la omne_fw-la malum_fw-la in_o medicina_fw-la generate_fw-la adeo_fw-la ut_fw-la medice_fw-la nunc_fw-la passim_fw-la ludibrio_fw-la expositus_fw-la comicis_fw-la in_o facetias_fw-la &_o mundo_fw-la in_o proverbium_fw-la ivit_fw-la and_o beside_o the_o ignorance_n of_o some_o the_o malicious_a detractiâ—ns_n of_o other_o even_o among_o ourselves_o â—ender_v we_o contemptible_a which_o very_a â—hing_a occasion_n a_o good_a galeno-chymiâ—al_a author_n to_o break_v out_o into_o exclamation_n thus_o ubi_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d quam_fw-la tanâ—opere_fw-la commendat_fw-la hyp._n nostro_fw-la seculo_fw-la unus_fw-la vilipendit_fw-la alterum_fw-la dicta_fw-la &_o facta_fw-la taxat_fw-la rixatur_fw-la à _fw-la tergo_fw-la conâ—radicit_fw-la quae_fw-la non_fw-la intelligit_fw-la seipsum_fw-la apud_fw-la ignaram_fw-la plebem_fw-la extollit_fw-la sordida_fw-la spe_fw-la lucelli_fw-la pardon_v this_o parergy_n i_o shall_v expatiate_v no_o more_o upon_o â—o_o sordid_a a_o subject_n what_o i_o be_o now_o to_o say_v shall_v be_v observation_n from_o experiment_n and_o therefore_o aught_o to_o force_v a_o faith_n as_o to_o matter_n of_o fact_n if_o the_o manner_n be_v but_o any_o way_n well_o it_o be_v well_o so_o farewell_n thou_o e._n w._n spadacrene_n dunelmensis_n chap._n i._o of_o simple_a water_n its_o quality_n and_o use_n that_o there_o be_v natural_o pure_a simple_a water_n to_o be_v find_v without_o any_o heterogenial_a admixture_n at_o all_o be_v paradoxical_a therefore_o by_o simple_a water_n i_o only_o mean_v such_o as_o have_v a_o proper_a colour_n taste_n smell_v weight_n and_o consistence_n thin_a light_a cold_a and_o moist_a and_o no_o other_o thing_n discernible_a either_o by_o sense_n or_o effect_n and_o it_o be_v requisite_a that_o water_n shall_v have_v these_o quality_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o many_o and_o necessary_a use_n of_o it_o both_o for_o man_n beast_n vegetable_n and_o mineral_n in_o so_o much_o as_o there_o be_v no_o live_n for_o any_o creature_n where_o there_o be_v no_o water_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d begin_v pindar_n olymp._n od._n 1._o it_o be_v our_o first_o drink_n to_o quench_v thirst_n and_o by_o its_o tenuity_n distribute_v our_o nourishment_n as_o a_o vehicle_n nay_o after_o the_o invention_n of_o wine_n it_o be_v usual_o mix_v therewith_o as_o virgil_n say_v of_o bacchus_n poculaque_fw-la inventis_fw-la acbeloia_n miscuit_fw-la uvis_fw-la i_o can_v hearty_o wish_v that_o even_o bacchus_n himself_o may_v herein_o become_v our_o precedent_n especial_o since_o in_o other_o thing_n he_o have_v teach_v our_o too_o docil_a world_n as_o v._o g._n by_o the_o same_o purity_n and_o tenuity_n of_o the_o part_n of_o water_n how_o to_o make_v beverage_n of_o sundry_a sort_n the_o egyptian_n have_v their_o zythum_fw-la the_o spaniard_n their_o cerea_n the_o turk_n their_o coffee_n and_o we_o our_o ale_n and_o beer_n all_o extract_v by_o water_n the_o fit_a menstruum_fw-la for_o receive_v the_o faculty_n of_o all_o medicament_n and_o nourishment_n especial_o the_o second_o quality_n of_o mix_a body_n and_o for_o this_o reason_n be_v it_o call_v panspermia_n that_o simple_a water_n be_v cold_a be_v without_o question_n for_o be_v heat_v accidental_o it_o soon_o return_v to_o its_o natural_a coldness_n the_o cause_n of_o heat_n be_v remove_v but_o whether_o it_o be_v cold_a than_o air_n be_v much_o to_o be_v doubt_v i_o shall_v not_o now_o undertake_v the_o determine_n whether_o air_n be_v breed_v of_o water_n original_o or_o whether_o it_o be_v not_o a_o distinct_a substance_n of_o itself_o and_o receive_v only_o watery_a vapour_n and_o after_o mature_a condensation_n in_o the_o middle_a region_n exonerate_v itself_o by_o rain_n hail_o snow_n etc._n etc._n only_o thus_o much_o i_o dare_v affirm_v that_o the_o sun_n beam_n be_v of_o much_o more_o force_n to_o elevate_v substance_n from_o the_o earth_n than_o most_o imagine_v and_o consequent_o those_o that_o hold_v the_o materiality_n of_o the_o air_n to_o be_v from_o water_n be_v not_o in_o opinion_n altogether_o paradoxical_a but_o verisimilitudinary_a and_o to_o prove_v this_o vigorous_a extraction_n of_o the_o sun_n from_o sublunary_a body_n give_v i_o leave_v to_o give_v you_o a_o instance_n of_o what_o athanasius_n kircherus_n who_o company_n much_o honour_v i_o from_o marseilles_n to_o rome_n most_o faithful_o relate_v in_o magicae_fw-la parastaticae_fw-la parastisi_fw-la ay_o naturae_fw-la thus_o morgana_n rheginorum_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o summer_n when_o the_o sun_n boil_v the_o tyrrhene_a ocean_n with_o most_o fervent_a ray_n then_o be_v it_o that_o wanton_a nature_n entertain_v the_o wonder_a eye_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o rhegium_n a_o town_n in_o calabria_n most_o ancient_a and_o no_o less_o famous_a for_o have_v be_v the_o seat_n of_o many_o philosopher_n with_o a_o prodigious_a spectacle_n in_o the_o air._n there_o may_v you_o whether_o with_o more_o delight_n or_o wonder_n be_v not_o soon_o determine_v behold_v a_o spacious_a theatre_n in_o the_o vaporous_a air_n adorn_v with_o great_a variety_n of_o scene_n and_o catoptrick_a representation_n the_o image_n of_o castle_n palace_n and_o other_o building_n of_o excellent_a architecture_n with_o sundry_a range_n of_o pillar_n present_v according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o perspective_n this_o scene_n withdraw_v upon_o the_o sail_a by_o of_o the_o cloud_n there_o succeed_v another_o wherein_o by_o way_n of_o excellent_a landscape_n be_v exhibit_v spacious_a wood_n grove_n of_o cypress_n orchard_n with_o variety_n of_o tree_n but_o those_o artificial_o plant_v in_o uniform_a row_n like_o a_o perfect_a phalanx_n large_a meadow_n with_o company_n of_o man_n and_o herd_n oâ—_n beast_n walk_v feed_v and_o couch_v upon_o they_o and_o all_o these_o with_o so_o great_a variety_n of_o respondent_fw-la colour_n so_o admirable_a a_o commixture_n of_o light_n and_o darkness_n and_o all_o their_o motion_n and_o gestureâ—_n so_o counterfeit_v to_o the_o life_n thaâ—_n to_o draw_v a_o landscape_n of_o equal_a perfection_n seem_v to_o humane_a nature_n altogether_o impossible_a now_o to_o our_o purpose_n this_o parastatical_a phantasm_n be_v not_o causeâ—_n in_o the_o cloud_n from_o any_o reflect_a appearance_n of_o any_o such_o thing_n either_o on_o the_o shore_n or_o adjacent_a field_n because_o no_o such_o thing_n be_v there_o which_o indeed_o increase_v the_o ardour_n of_o curiosity_n in_o renown_a kircher_n tâ—_n cross_v over_o from_o messina_n to_o rhegiuâ—_n at_o the_o usual_a time_n of_o the_o apparition_n where_o he_o detect_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o whole_a phaenomenon_n observe_v first_o the_o shore_n subjacent_a to_o the_o mountain_n call_v tinna_n as_o also_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n to_o be_v cover_v with_o shine_a sand_n be_v the_o fragment_n of_o selenites_n antimony_n and_o other_o pellucid_a concretion_n devolve_v from_o the_o eminent_a part_n of_o the_o land_n and_o contiguous_a hill_n that_o be_v rich_o fraught_v with_o vein_n of_o those_o mineral_n then_o he_o observe_v that_o these_o translucid_a sand_n be_v together_o with_o vapour_n from_o the_o sea_n and_o shore_n exhale_v into_o the_o air_n by_o the_o intense_a fervour_n of_o the_o sun_n do_v coaless_n into_o a_o cloud_n in_o all_o point_n respondent_fw-la to_o a_o perfect_a polyedrical_a or_o multangular_a looking-glass_n the_o various_a superficies_n of_o the_o respondent_fw-la granate_n make_v a_o multiplication_n of_o the_o species_n and_o that_o these_o be_v opacate_v behind_o by_o gross_a and_o impervious_a vapour_n direct_o face_v the_o mountain_n do_v make_v reflection_n of_o the_o various_a image_n of_o object_n respective_a to_o their_o
various_a position_n to_o the_o eye_n the_o several_a row_n of_o pillar_n in_o the_o aerial_a scene_n be_v cause_v by_o one_o single_a pillar_n erect_v on_o the_o shore_n for_o be_v by_o a_o manifold_a reflection_n from_o the_o various_a superficies_n of_o the_o tralucent_a particle_n opacate_v on_o the_o hinder_a part_n by_o dense_a vapour_n in_o the_o speculary_a meteor_n it_o be_v multiply_v even_o to_o infinity_n no_o otherwise_o than_o if_o one_o single_a image_n posit_v betwixt_o two_o polyedrical_a looking-glass_n confront_o dispose_v be_v so_o often_o repercuss_v or_o reflect_v from_o superficie_fw-la to_o superficie_fw-la that_o it_o exhibit_v to_o the_o eye_n almost_o a_o infinite_a multitude_n of_o image_n exact_o consimilar_v thus_o also_o do_v one_o man_n stand_v on_o the_o shore_n become_v a_o whole_a army_n in_o the_o cloud_n one_o beast_n a_o whole_a herd_n and_o one_o tree_n a_o thick_a set_a grove_n some_o perhaps_o may_v judge_v this_o assertion_n of_o the_o elevation_n of_o those_o shine_a grain_n of_o vitreous_a mineral_n into_o the_o air_n by_o the_o mere_a attraction_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o coalition_n of_o they_o there_o with_o the_o cloud_n of_o vapour_n to_o be_v too_o large_a a_o morsel_n to_o be_v swallow_v by_o any_o throat_n but_o that_o cormorant_n one_o of_o credulity_n if_o so_o all_o we_o require_v of_o they_o be_v only_o to_o consider_v that_o hair_n straw_n grain_n of_o sand_n fragment_n of_o wool_n and_o such_o like_a festucous_a body_n be_v frequent_o find_v immure_v in_o hailstone_n which_o sure_o be_v sufficient_a argument_n that_o those_o thing_n be_v first_o elevate_v by_o the_o beam_n of_o the_o sun_n recoil_v from_o the_o earth_n into_o the_o middle_a region_n of_o the_o air_n and_o then_o coagulate_v with_o the_o vapour_n condense_v into_o a_o cloud_n and_o freeze_v in_o its_o descent_n the_o truth_n hereof_o be_v evict_v by_o the_o conspire_a testimony_n of_o many_o other_o author_n who_o pen_n be_v not_o dip_v in_o the_o fade_a ink_n of_o a_o unjustifiable_a tradition_n nor_o their_o mind_n delude_v with_o the_o affectation_n of_o fabulous_a wonder_n now_o to_o reassume_v the_o debate_n i_o shall_v only_o give_v my_o judgement_n of_o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o air_n as_o to_o heat_n or_o cold_a and_o that_o it_o be_v of_o its_o own_o nature_n cold_a be_v most_o manifest_a though_o aristotle_n conclude_v the_o contrary_a from_o its_o efficient_a cause_n which_o rarefy_v it_o the_o stoic_n be_v also_o of_o this_o opinion_n because_o they_o make_v the_o matter_n of_o air_n to_o be_v water_n and_o this_o be_v also_o confirm_v by_o its_o return_n to_o coldness_n as_o former_o be_v say_v of_o water_n in_o case_n it_o be_v accidental_o heat_v and_o we_o know_v that_o under_o the_o zona_fw-la torrida_fw-la so_o long_o as_o the_o sun_n be_v within_o their_o horizon_n and_o strike_v the_o air_n with_o its_o perpendicular_a beam_n it_o be_v exceed_o hot_a but_o after_o sunset_n the_o air_n reassume_v its_o natural_a coldness_n till_o sun-rise_n again_o nay_o though_o aristotle_n think_v it_o uninhabitable_a because_o of_o the_o extremity_n of_o heat_n yet_o be_v the_o day_n and_o night_n be_v there_o of_o the_o same_o length_n josephus_n acosta_n conclude_v that_o the_o only_a paradise_n upon_o earth_n be_v under_o or_o near_o the_o aequinoctial_a neither_o can_v there_o any_o other_o reason_n be_v give_v why_o the_o mountain_n which_o reach_v the_o middle_a region_n of_o the_o air_n be_v continual_o cold_a and_o most_o cover_v with_o snow_n but_o because_o they_o want_v the_o reflection_n of_o the_o sunbeam_n the_o air_n do_v then_o enjoy_v its_o natural_a qualification_n as_o for_o that_o whimsy_n of_o a_o antiperistasis_n in_o the_o middle_a region_n from_o the_o element_n of_o fire_n above_o and_o the_o reflection_n of_o the_o beam_n beneath_o it_o be_v a_o equal_a phantasm_n with_o the_o man_n in_o the_o moon_n who_o will_v have_v hot_a sit_v if_o elementary_a fire_n be_v immediate_o under_o he_o but_o this_o opinion_n be_v explode_v and_o if_o such_o fire_n be_v it_o will_v rather_o heat_v than_o cool_a the_o air._n be_v not_o the_o air_n most_o cold_a near_o the_o pole_n where_o the_o long_a absence_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o its_o oblique_a beam_n when_o present_a give_v way_n to_o its_o natural_a coldness_n nay_o it_o be_v very_o probable_a that_o it_o be_v cold_a than_o water_n since_o we_o see_v by_o a_o condensative_a faculty_n it_o congeal_v water_n into_o ice_n snow_n hail_o etc._n etc._n which_o certain_o be_v from_o the_o air_n be_v that_o underground_o where_o the_o water_n be_v not_o free_o ventilate_v with_o air_n there_o be_v no_o congelation_n neither_o do_v i_o think_v other_o but_o the_o great_a coldness_n that_o be_v in_o ice_n and_o snow_n depend_v mere_o upon_o the_o mixture_n of_o air_n which_o be_v per_fw-la minima_fw-la interweave_v with_o salnitrous_a particle_n be_v heighten_v to_o such_o a_o degree_n of_o coldness_n as_o make_v it_o vigorous_a for_o produce_v a_o congelative_a effect_n that_o water_n be_v most_o moist_a be_v the_o opinion_n of_o galen_n and_o very_o probable_o true_a notwithstanding_o aristotle_n reason_n to_o the_o contrary_a conclude_v air_n to_o be_v most_o moist_a because_o it_o be_v hardly_o contain_v within_o its_o bound_n which_o indeed_o be_v by_o reason_n of_o its_o tenuity_n and_o incontiguity_n of_o part_n be_v that_o dry_a exhalation_n extend_v themselves_o as_o well_o as_o moist_a vapour_n and_o as_o density_n compact_n so_o rarity_n cause_v extension_n i_o shall_v need_v say_v no_o more_o of_o the_o quality_n which_o simple_a water_n ought_v to_o have_v be_v such_o as_o be_v every_o where_o obvious_a in_o author_n and_o the_o sense_n will_v discover_v either_o by_o taste_n colour_n smell_v or_o touch_v or_o else_o the_o effect_n will_v make_v manifest_a chap._n ii_o of_o the_o original_a of_o simple_a water_n and_o spring_n in_o general_n great_a controversy_n have_v be_v betwixt_o the_o stoic_n and_o peripatetic_n and_o be_v yet_o among_o the_o modern_n concern_v the_o original_n of_o true_a spring_n which_o be_v no_o other_o than_o those_o of_o mix_a water_n all_o difficulty_n and_o argument_n touch_v this_o grand_a debate_n be_v reducible_a into_o three_o head_n for_o either_o our_o perpetual_a and_o last_a spring_n call_v fontes_n perennes_fw-la proceed_v from_o vapour_n congeal_v by_o cold_a in_o the_o second_o region_n of_o the_o air_n and_o so_o fall_v down_o upon_o the_o earth_n in_o rain_n snow_n or_o hail_n or_o they_o be_v engender_v in_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o they_o be_v percolate_v through_o sandy_a subterraneal_a channel_n from_o the_o sea_n for_o the_o first_o it_o may_v be_v grant_v that_o divers_a spring_n and_o river_n receive_v supply_v of_o water_n from_o the_o rain_n as_o we_o see_v our_o river_n do_v the_o rhine_n and_o danubius_n swell_v upon_o the_o dissolution_n of_o snow_n and_o in_o much_o drought_n our_o spring_n fail_v we_o but_o those_o be_v such_o as_o material_o depend_v upon_o the_o fall_n of_o rain_n or_o snow_n and_o these_o surcease_n the_o spring_n also_o become_v dry_a they_o be_v principal_o ordain_v by_o nature_n for_o fertilize_v and_o irrigate_a the_o earth_n in_o its_o production_n of_o herbage_n fruit_n etc._n etc._n for_o the_o benefit_n of_o mankind_n but_o such_o be_v only_a land-spring_n and_o in_o no_o sort_n to_o be_v call_v perpetual_a spring_n which_o notwithstanding_o the_o want_n of_o rain_n or_o snow_n for_o a_o long_a time_n be_v still_o the_o same_o and_o though_o great_a river_n may_v almost_o be_v dry_v up_o by_o a_o long_a and_o last_a discontinuance_n of_o wet_a by_o the_o dryness_n of_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n imbibe_v it_o in_o its_o passage_n for_o the_o satisfaction_n of_o its_o drought_n be_v elementum_fw-la siccissimum_fw-la yet_o the_o head_n of_o those_o river_n flow_v plentiful_o at_o the_o same_o time_n so_o that_o another_o causality_n must_v be_v find_v out_o than_o aerial_a supply_n and_o suppose_v there_o be_v which_o some_o witty_o contend_v for_o certain_a commissure_n chink_n and_o hollow_a vein_n in_o the_o earth_n to_o receive_v much_o rain_n that_o fall_v yet_o what_o sink_v into_o those_o cleft_n and_o cavern_n bear_v no_o proportion_n at_o all_o with_o that_o plenty_n which_o hurry_v headlong_o into_o river_n and_o thence_o convey_v into_o the_o sea_n and_o consequent_o very_o improbable_o propose_v to_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n the_o adequate_a causation_n of_o last_a spring_n there_o be_v also_o subterrraneal_a generation_n which_o for_o their_o production_n require_v also_o a_o continue_a supply_n of_o water_n the_o second_o opinion_n seem_v much_o less_o plausible_a than_o this_o for_o if_o the_o cause_n be_v engender_v in_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n than_o it_o either_o proceed_v from_o earth_n itself_o change_v into_o water_n as_o seneca_n
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be_v proper_o a_o resilition_n not_o natural_a but_o violent_a now_o whether_o this_o gravity_n be_v congenial_a and_o inherent_a in_o the_o air_n or_o whether_o it_o be_v cause_v by_o a_o conformity_n to_o the_o magnetic_a attraction_n of_o the_o earth_n matter_n not_o at_o all_o as_o to_o our_o present_a purpose_n be_v we_o have_v a_o depression_n among_o the_o particle_n of_o the_o air_n in_o their_o tendency_n from_o the_o atmosphere_n down_o to_o the_o surface_n of_o our_o globe_n and_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o sphere_n of_o air_n be_v much_o large_a than_o that_o of_o the_o terraqueous_a globe_n we_o have_v thereupon_o from_o the_o convex_a to_o the_o concave_n thereof_o a_o compress_a weight_n upon_o the_o surface_n of_o water_n equivalent_a to_o that_o upon_o the_o restagnant_fw-la liquor_n in_o the_o foresay_a vessel_n i_o shall_v further_o urge_v some_o argument_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la and_o tell_v you_o that_o pliny_n write_v of_o a_o spring_n which_o punctual_o observe_v the_o sea_n motion_n in_o its_o ebb_a and_o flow_v antonius_n vasconzello_n a_o father_n of_o the_o society_n in_o his_o description_n of_o portugal_n mention_n a_o strange_a and_o remarkable_a lake_n on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n erminius_n who_o nature_n be_v say_v he_o ut_fw-la aestuante_fw-la oceano_fw-la &_o ipse_fw-la pariter_fw-la aestuans_fw-la sit_fw-la lacus_fw-la that_o be_v punctual_o to_o observe_v the_o sea_n reciprocation_n even_o as_o to_o its_o rage_v more_o or_o less_o with_o fourge_n luculentum_fw-la sanè_fw-la say_v kircher_n occulti_fw-la cum_fw-la oceano_fw-la per_fw-la hydragogos_fw-la canales_fw-la corresponsus_fw-la signum_fw-la a_o evident_a sign_n of_o the_o subterraneal_a correspondence_n this_o lake_n have_v with_o the_o ocean_n through_o hydragogical_a conveyance_n and_o cavern_n and_o learned_a kircher_n also_o assure_v we_o hereof_o when_o he_o say_v aliqui_fw-la fontes_fw-la fluxum_fw-la &_o refluxum_fw-la maris_fw-la aemulantur_fw-la and_o 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and_o restrain_v our_o ambition_n of_o a_o apodictical_a science_n