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any_o hard_a wood_n as_o cypress_n and_o beech_n and_o rub_v to_o powder_v olive-stone_n the_o hard_a pineapple_n kernel_n and_o pistache_n put_v down_o their_o mouth_n with_o the_o husk_n on_o pistol_z bullet_n in_o twenty_o four_o hour_n we_o have_v find_v much_o batter_v and_o several_a little_a hollow_a square_a box_n of_o tin_n be_v observe_v to_o be_v some_o scratch_v and_o batter_v other_o tear_v open_a from_o one_o side_n to_o the_o other_o finis_fw-la a_o table_n of_o the_o principal_a matter_n contain_v in_o this_o work_n a._n academy_n del_fw-it cimento_fw-mi intend_v not_o to_o dispute_v of_o the_o experiment_n page_n 16_o and_o 33._o air_n diminish_v the_o force_n of_o all_o body_n that_o cut_v it_o p._n 146._o perhaps_o in_o continual_a motion_n p_o 14._o press_v together_o those_o bladder_n that_o seem_v full_a in_o vacuo_fw-la p._n 18._o dilate_v and_o expand_v itself_o in_o vacuo_fw-la ib._n what_o remain_v in_o the_o void_a space_n above_o the_o mercury_n press_v not_o thereon_o p._n 23._o when_o it_o be_v dilate_v beyond_o the_o state_n of_o its_o natural_a compressure_n p._n 23._o the_o measure_n thereof_o ib._n proportion_n between_o air_n natural_a and_o air_n expand_v as_o 1_o to_o 174._o p_o 24_o when_o most_o rarify_v unfit_a for_o respiration_n of_o animal_n p._n 61._o of_o alter_a the_o colour_n of_o several_a fluid_n p._n 133._o amber_n in_o vacuo_fw-la lose_v its_o electric_n quality_n p._n 43._o which_o sort_n rich_a in_o that_o quality_n p_o 128._o attract_v any_o thing_n but_o flâ—me_n p._n 129._o rub_v upon_o smooth_a body_n attract_v not_o p._n 130_o act_n no_o more_o upon_o the_o attract_a body_n than_o it_o suffer_v thereby_o p._n 130._o act_n upon_o all_o liquid_n ib._n by_o what_o liquor_n hinder_v from_o attract_v p._n 131._o antiperistasis_n experiment_n against_o it_o p._n 151._o attraction_n by_o what_o hinder_v in_o amber_n by_o the_o same_o also_o in_o other_o body_n of_o electic_a virtue_n p._n 129._o a_o peculiar_a effect_n observe_v in_o the_o attraction_n of_o rose_n and_o table_n diamond_n p._n 13â—_n b._n ball_n of_o glass_n burst_v with_o great_a violence_n p._n 150_o a_o barbel_n take_v alive_a out_o of_o a_o vacuum_n and_o keep_v in_o a_o pond_n with_o some_o observable_n thereon_o p._n 66_o bird_n soon_o kill_v in_o vacuo_fw-la and_o why_o p._n 63_o bladder_n of_o fish_n in_o vacuo_fw-la p._n 66_o blâ—bs_n in_o ice_n what_o p._n 71_o brass_n to_o what_o thickness_n burst_v by_o frost_n p._n 77_o bullet_n not_o wrap_v about_o fly_v far_o with_o the_o same_o charge_n of_o powder_n than_o those_o that_o be_v p._n 144_o c._n cane_n of_o glass_n how_o make_v to_o be_v stop_v with_o a_o finger_n easy_o p._n 26_o cement_n to_o join_v together_o the_o mouth_n of_o vessel_n p._n 17_o change_n of_o air_n produce_v a_o alteration_n in_o experiment_n p._n 1_o change_a of_o colour_n in_o several_a liquor_n p._n 133_o circle_n in_o water_n move_v swift_a as_o the_o force_n that_o make_v they_o be_v great_a p._n 139_o clock_n uncapable_a to_o show_v the_o minute_n division_n of_o time_n p._n 10._o why_o make_v use_v of_o in_o the_o experiment_n of_o freeze_a p._n 82_o cold_a whether_o reflect_v by_o glass_n as_o heat_n and_o light_n be_v p._n 103_o cold_a and_o heat_n cloud_n and_o mist_n increase_v and_o lessen_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o air_n p._n 15._o suppose_v by_o some_o the_o parent_n of_o rock_n crystal_n and_o gem_n p._n 70._o whether_o any_o thing_n positive_a or_o only_o a_o privation_n of_o heat_n p._n 70._o once_o impress_v upon_o a_o fluid_n shoot_v it_o into_o ice_n after_o it_o be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o freeze_a mixture_n p._n 80._o *_o whether_o cause_v by_o a_o intrusion_n of_o frigorifique_a atom_n p._n 152_o d._n dew_n upon_o the_o outside_n of_o glass_n freeze_v p._n 102_o diamond_n how_o generate_v according_a to_o plato_n p._n 70_o table_n diamond_n less_o electric_n than_o rose_n p._n 131_o digestion_n of_o some_o animal_n how_o perform_v several_a 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piece_n perpendicular_a to_o the_o ground_n p._n 143_o humidity_n of_o wind_n how_o distinguish_v p._n 9_o i._n ice_n according_a to_o galileo_n be_v water_n rarify_v not_o condense_v p._n 71_o have_v not_o its_o full_a hardness_n at_o first_o p._n 95_o produce_v by_o art_n tender_a than_o the_o natural_a ib._n make_a in_o vacuo_fw-la wherein_o different_a from_o that_o make_v in_o air_n p._n 98_o how_o to_o find_v that_o difference_n ib._n send_v forth_o a_o moist_a exhalation_n p._n 102_o sprinkle_a with_o salt_n destroy_v the_o virtue_n of_o amber_n p._n 129_o the_o cause_n thereof_o propose_v by_o some_o p._n 130_o instrument_n show_v the_o heat_n and_o cold_a of_o the_o air_n p._n 2_o show_v the_o moisture_n of_o the_o air_n p._n 8_o to_o measure_n time_n p._n 10_o show_v the_o different_a
wonderful_o intend_v the_o freeze_a and_o if_o beside_o the_o strong-water_n you_o add_v salt_n it_o will_v prove_v most_o powerful_a nay_o sugar_n produce_v such_o a_o effect_n but_o not_o much_o in_o comparison_n of_o common_a salt_n nitre_n and_o sal-armoniac_a which_o we_o find_v much_o more_o successful_a in_o the_o operation_n of_o freeze_a than_o all_o the_o rest_n the_o six_o experiment_n touch_v what_o metal_n preserve_v ice_n best_a put_v ice_n in_o vessel_n of_o several_a different_a metal_n to_o observe_v which_o keep_v it_o the_o long_a unthaw_v yet_o of_o this_o we_o can_v obtain_v nothing_o certain_a though_o we_o may_v say_v at_o large_a from_o a_o very_a great_a number_n of_o experiment_n which_o we_o make_v that_o it_o be_v preserve_v best_o of_o all_o in_o lead_n very_o well_o in_o tin_n argento_n but_o a_o short_a time_n in_o copper_n and_o iron_n less_o in_o gold_n and_o yet_o a_o lesser_a time_n in_o silver_n nevertheless_o at_o sometime_o this_o order_n be_v 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snow_n in_o the_o vessel_n begin_v to_o alter_v with_o the_o strong_a water_n or_o salt_n there_o be_v also_o a_o exhalation_n or_o cloudy_a moist_a vapour_n rise_v up_o as_o it_o seem_v from_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o vessel_n whence_o proceed_v a_o very_a cold_a air_n which_o beside_o that_o it_o sensible_o affect_v the_o hand_n be_v likewise_o more_o discernible_a by_o the_o agitation_n which_o it_o cause_v in_o the_o flame_n of_o a_o candle_n bring_v near_o it_o this_o experiment_n we_o repeat_v by_o put_v ice_n sprinkle_v with_o strong_a water_n and_o salt_n in_o several_a vessel_n of_o different_a figure_n and_o metal_n acquarzente_fw-la to_o observe_v if_o either_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o afford_v any_o variety_n in_o the_o smoke_n and_o as_o to_o the_o material_n we_o can_v not_o perceive_v any_o diversity_n whether_o the_o cup_n be_v of_o glass_n earth_n wood_n metal_n or_o precious_a stone_n but_o as_o to_o the_o figure_n it_o seem_v to_o we_o that_o whereas_o in_o 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upon_o the_o first_o immersion_n into_o cold_a water_n or_o ice_n yet_o they_o not_o only_o subside_o again_o to_o the_o former_a height_n but_o continue_v to_o do_v so_o for_o many_o degree_n till_o at_o last_o sometime_o after_o a_o little_a rest_n sometime_o without_o any_o they_o all_o remount_v oil_n and_o spirit_n of_o wine_n except_v until_o the_o whole_a freeze_a be_v finish_v this_o effect_n be_v by_o some_o attribute_v to_o a_o cause_n much_o favour_v by_o several_a follow_a experiment_n their_o apprehension_n be_v that_o the_o appearance_n of_o this_o sudden_a motion_n in_o water_n and_o other_o fluid_n be_v not_o real_o from_o any_o intrinsic_n alteration_n of_o rarity_n or_o density_n at_o that_o moment_n wrought_v in_o their_o natural_a temperament_n by_o the_o power_n of_o any_o tab._n 15._o p._n 105._o contrary_a quality_n of_o the_o outward_o apply_v ambient_fw-la which_o some_o by_o a_o note_a word_n call_v antiperistasis_n but_o rather_o to_o speak_v first_o of_o the_o subside_v upon_o the_o immersion_n of_o vessel_n in_o hot_a water_n their_o thought_n be_v that_o it_o come_v from_o the_o fix_v of_o several_a volatile_a corpuscle_n of_o the_o fire_n evaporate_v from_o the_o hot_a water_n into_o the_o external_a pore_n of_o the_o glass_n which_o as_o so_o many_o wedge_n force_v and_o separate_v the_o part_n thereof_o must_v necessary_o distend_v and_o enlarge_v the_o internal_a capacity_n thereof_o till_o they_o find_v a_o way_n through_o the_o hide_a passage_n of_o the_o glass_n to_o the_o liquor_n therein_o contain_v that_o on_o the_o other_o side_n cold_a bind_v up_o and_o contract_v those_o pore_n of_o the_o glass_n make_v the_o vessel_n become_v too_o scanty_a for_o the_o bulk_n of_o water_n in_o it_o before_o that_o bulk_n of_o water_n yet_o unaffected_a by_o the_o cold_a contract_v likewise_o in_o fine_a that_o the_o
difference_n be_v 26944_o gr_n which_o be_v the_o absolute_a weight_n of_o a_o bulk_n of_o water_n equal_a to_o that_o of_o the_o whole_a ball_n and_o lead_v then_o press_v the_o ball_n together_o as_o much_o as_o its_o thickness_n will_v bear_v without_o let_v the_o air_n out_o and_o weigh_v it_o in_o the_o air_n with_o all_o the_o lead_n it_o be_v find_v 31209_o and_o this_o we_o conclude_v be_v the_o absolute_a weight_n in_o uncompressed_a air_n as_o that_o be_v which_o be_v in_o the_o ball_n before_o it_o be_v batter_v together_o in_o this_o state_n all_o be_v put_v into_o the_o water_n again_o and_o weigh_v it_o be_v find_v gr_o 12518_o which_o substract_v from_o gr_n 31209_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o ball_n press_v together_o in_o the_o air_n there_o remain_v gr_n 18691_o the_o weight_n of_o a_o bulk_n of_o water_n equal_a to_o the_o bulk_n of_o the_o same_o lead_n and_o batter_v ball._n this_o weight_n then_o of_o gr_n 18691_o be_v substract_v from_o the_o other_o of_o gr_n 26944_o leave_v 8253_o gr_n which_o be_v the_o weight_n of_o a_o bulk_n of_o water_n equal_a to_o such_o another_o bulk_n of_o air_n as_o weigh_v 7_o gr_n which_o bulk_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o diminution_n of_o the_o bulk_n of_o ball_n by_o the_o batter_a whence_o we_o conclude_v that_o the_o weight_n of_o that_o sort_n of_o air_n which_o we_o weigh_v be_v to_o the_o weight_n of_o so_o much_o water_n as_o 7_o to_o 8253_o that_o be_v as_o 1_o to_o 1179._o this_o experiment_n be_v by_o we_o repeat_v at_o divers_a time_n the_o proportion_n be_v not_o always_o find_v the_o same_o indeed_o the_o variation_n have_v not_o be_v great_a consist_v in_o one_o two_o or_o three_o hundred_o of_o grain_n more_o or_o less_o which_o be_v all_o we_o can_v pretend_v in_o make_v the_o comparison_n between_o one_o body_n that_o as_o we_o may_v say_v never_o alter_v in_o its_o weight_n and_o another_o never_o twice_o the_o same_o experiment_n touch_v some_o effect_n of_o heat_n and_o cold._n the_o first_o experiment_n of_o a_o steel_n wire_n seem_v to_o grow_v light_a by_o be_v heat_v put_v in_o the_o essay-scale_n two_o steel_n wire_n of_o equal_a weight_n the_o one_o heat_v the_o other_o cold_a it_o seem_v that_o this_o be_v heavy_a than_o the_o other_o but_o hold_v a_o light_a coal_n or_o red-hot_a iron_n near_o it_o it_o soon_o come_v to_o a_o aequilibrium_fw-la with_o the_o hot_a one_o the_o same_o will_v have_v happen_v if_o they_o have_v be_v of_o gold_n or_o silver_n or_o any_o other_o metal_n likewise_o if_o a_o light_a coal_n be_v hold_v over_o one_o of_o the_o basin_n of_o a_o pair_n of_o scale_n when_o empty_a it_o raise_v it_o and_o if_o hold_v under_o it_o it_o cause_v it_o to_o descend_v for_o all_o this_o some_o of_o we_o can_v not_o apprehend_v how_o the_o bare_a heat_n can_v any_o way_n alter_v the_o usual_a weight_n of_o the_o metal_n nay_o it_o be_v think_v by_o some_o that_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n may_v have_v its_o part_n as_o well_o as_o any_o other_o cause_n in_o produce_v this_o phenomenon_n the_o second_o experiment_n of_o the_o vast_a force_n of_o heat_n in_o raise_v up_o a_o include_v liquor_n br._n have_v fill_v with_o sp._n vin_fw-fr half_n of_o the_o vessel_n ab_fw-la who_o slender_a part_n be_v 35_o 8_o 10_o inch_n long_o with_o two_o seal_a ball_n of_o equal_a capacity_n we_o set_v the_o ball_n a_o in_o a_o glass_n of_o oil_n over_o the_o fire_n and_o the_o sp._n vin_fw-fr begin_v to_o give_v notice_n of_o its_o rarifaction_n by_o rise_v but_o afterward_o when_o the_o oil_n boil_v very_o fast_o it_o retire_v all_o into_o the_o upper_a ball_n leave_v that_o below_o quite_o empty_a with_o the_o low_a half_o of_o the_o cane_n it_o be_v also_o necessary_a to_o promote_v this_o effect_n beside_o a_o strong_a fire_n to_o blow_v the_o coal_n continual_o about_o the_o glass_n this_o must_v be_v do_v through_o the_o hole_n of_o a_o plank_n serve_v to_o defend_v the_o operator_n behind_o which_o also_o the_o observer_n must_v 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powder_v a_o leaden_a vessel_n and_o put_v thereinto_o a_o thermometer_n of_o 50_o deg_n we_o let_v it_o stand_v still_o and_o it_o compose_v itself_o to_o about_o 13_o ½_o deg_n then_o we_o plunge_v the_o vessel_n into_o a_o cauldron_n of_o boil_a water_n regard_v nice_o the_o thermometer_n if_o in_o that_o instant_n that_o the_o ice_n become_v encompass_v with_o its_o contrary_n it_o than_o give_v any_o show_n of_o great_a cold_a by_o subside_v but_o that_o as_o often_o as_o we_o repeat_v the_o experiment_n be_v never_o see_v to_o alter_v a_o hair_n nor_o be_v it_o ever_o observe_v to_o rise_v when_o the_o vessel_n be_v full_a of_o hot_a water_n we_o plunge_v it_o in_o water_n mix_v with_o ice_n nay_o than_o it_o be_v ready_o see_v to_o subside_o for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o fluid_a water_n more_o easy_o give_v a_o passage_n to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o ambient_fw-la than_o in_o the_o first_o experiment_n the_o ice_n can_v do_v nor_o let_v it_o be_v think_v that_o all_o the_o care_n possible_o be_v not_o take_v to_o prevent_v the_o air_n encompass_v the_o thermometer_n from_o receive_v any_o alteration_n upon_o immerse_v the_o leaden_a vessel_n in_o different_a ambient_n the_o say_a vessel_n be_v let_v into_o a_o plank_n which_o be_v very_o broad_a round_n it_o and_o so_o cut_v off_o all_o communication_n between_o the_o basin_n under_o it_o whereinto_o the_o bottom_n be_v immerse_v and_o the_o air_n above_o but_o for_o all_o this_o we_o observe_v no_o difference_n from_o what_o be_v relate_v the_o four_o experiment_n whether_o cold_a be_v cause_v by_o a_o intrusion_n of_o frigorific_a atom_n to_o gain_v some_o light_n whether_o the_o chill_a of_o body_n be_v cause_v by_o the_o insinuation_n of_o any_o kind_n of_o peculiar_a atom_n of_o cold_a as_o the_o opinion_n be_v they_o be_v heat_v by_o those_o of_o fire_n we_o cause_v to_o be_v make_v two_o glass_n vial_n like_o each_o other_o with_o very_o slender_a neck_n be_v seal_v hermetical_o we_o put_v one_o of_o they_o in_o ice_n and_o the_o other_o in_o hot_a water_n let_v they_o remain_v some_o time_n and_o then_o break_v the_o neck_n of_o each_o off_o under_o water_n we_o observe_v in_o the_o hot_a one_o a_o surcharge_n or_o repletion_n from_o something_o get_v into_o it_o observable_a by_o the_o bubble_n of_o the_o water_n from_o a_o strong_a breath_n issue_v from_o the_o vial_n as_o soon_o as_o ever_o it_o be_v break_v open_a some_o may_v think_v the_o same_o shall_v have_v happen_v in_o open_v the_o cold_a one_o if_o the_o chill_a of_o the_o air_n therein_o have_v proceed_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o heat_n of_o that_o in_o the_o other_o i._n e._n by_o the_o intrusion_n or_o soak_v of_o the_o atom_n of_o cold_a exhale_v from_o the_o ice_n through_o the_o invisible_a pore_n of_o the_o glass_n but_o the_o quite_o contrary_a happen_v for_o instead_o of_o breathe_v forth_o any_o surcharge_n of_o matter_n it_o show_v a_o emptyness_n or_o loss_n of_o something_o if_o there_o be_v not_o a_o condensation_n of_o what_o be_v there_o since_o it_o suck_v in_o so_o much_o water_n in_o place_n of_o it_o the_o five_o experiment_n of_o heat_a and_o cool_v of_o water_n by_o salt_n etc._n etc._n and_o of_o hot_a and_o cold_a ebullition_n etc._n etc._n vetriole_n vitriol_n the_o spirit_n be_v draw_v off_o remain_v like_o a_o tartar_n or_o grumous_n body_n of_o a_o lively_a fire_n colour_n which_o with_o a_o long_a and_o continue_a fire_n distil_v a_o blackish_a oil_n almost_o like_o ink_n high_o corrosive_a this_o be_v mix_v with_o water_n in_o a_o certain_a proportion_n produce_v a_o immediate_a heat_n which_o increase_v without_o raise_v any_o bubble_n or_o
with_o the_o denier_n of_o a_o vacuity_n and_o since_o many_o experiment_n have_v be_v make_v for_o this_o end_n as_o well_o what_o be_v relate_v by_o other_o as_o what_o have_v be_v invent_v by_o our_o academy_n the_o success_n shall_v be_v faithful_o set_v down_o our_o custom_n be_v always_o to_o deliver_v the_o matter_n historical_o and_o not_o to_o defraud_v the_o inventor_n either_o of_o their_o invention_n or_o due_a praise_n a_o experiment_n of_o mr._n roberval_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o air_n pressure_n upon_o inferior_a body_n try_v in_o our_o academy_n brac._n let_v there_o be_v a_o glass_n vessel_n a_o to_o the_o bottom_n of_o which_o bc_n perforate_v at_o d_o let_v the_o cane_n de_fw-fr 46_o inch_n long_o be_v affix_v over_o this_o hole_n set_v the_o square_a glass_n f_o then_o close_a the_o vessel_n a_o with_o the_o glass_n cover_v gh_a have_v a_o open_a nose_n he_o and_o a_o hole_n at_o g_o through_o which_o let_v the_o cane_n ki_v be_v put_v open_a at_o each_o end_n and_o about_o 46_o inch_n long_o brac._n or_o not_o less_o than_o 30_o let_v this_o down_o into_o the_o glass_n f_o but_o not_o quite_o to_o touch_v the_o bottom_n and_o fasten_v it_o there_o with_o mastic_n or_o other_o cement_n at_o the_o fire_n to_o the_o hole_n in_o the_o cover_n g_o this_o cement_n or_o paste_n be_v make_v of_o brick_n reduce_v to_o a_o impalpable_a powder_n and_o incorporate_v with_o turpentine_n and_o greek_a pitch_n it_o be_v admirable_a to_o stop_v glass_n to_o exclude_v the_o air_n let_v it_o be_v lute_v close_o with_o the_o same_o round_o about_o where_o the_o say_a cover_n and_o vessel_n join_v and_o cover_v the_o low_a mouth_n e_o with_o a_o bladder_n then_o pour_v in_o at_o the_o upper_a end_n k_n so_o much_o mercury_n till_o run_v over_o the_o glass_n f_o it_o fall_v upon_o the_o bottom_n bc_n and_o thence_o by_o the_o hole_n d_o fils_fw-fr the_o low_a cane_n ed_z and_o after_o that_o the_o whole_a vessel_n a_o the_o air_n have_v its_o way_n out_o by_o the_o open_a nose_n he_o which_o when_o the_o mercury_n begin_v to_o run_v through_o it_o close_o well_o with_o the_o bladder_n i_o and_o lift_v up_o the_o whole_a cane_n to_o k_o till_o a_o little_a run_v over_o that_o not_o the_o least_o air_n may_v remain_v when_o close_v which_o do_v with_o the_o bladder_n k._n last_o open_v the_o other_o bladder_n at_o the_o mouth_n e_o under_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o stagnant_a mercury_n mn_v into_o which_o the_o cane_n be_v immerse_v and_o immediate_o the_o upper_a cane_n kl_n and_o the_o vessel_n a_o will_v empty_v themselves_o the_o glass_n f_o and_o open_v part_n of_o the_o cane_n de_fw-fr being_n about_o 28_o ½_o inch_n above_o the_o level_n mn_v remain_v full_a this_o do_v ¼_n the_o ingress_n of_o the_o external_n air_n upon_o open_v or_o prick_v the_o bladder_n i_o will_v immediate_o suppress_v the_o cilind_a of_o mercury_n open_v into_o the_o low_a vessel_n and_o raise_v up_o another_o qr_n from_o the_o mercury_n in_o the_o glass_n cup_n f_o into_o the_o cane_n lk_v equal_a to_o the_o former_a open_a ¼_n and_o therefore_o 28_o ½_o inch_n long_o and_o this_o cilind_a will_n not_o subside_o until_o the_o external_n air_n enter_v at_o the_o top_n k_o rush_n in_o upon_o it_o through_o the_o cane_n lk_n if_o in_o this_o vessel_n a_o a_o little_a bladder_n be_v enclose_v take_v careful_o out_o of_o a_o fish_n the_o air_n that_o be_v natural_o therein_o be_v first_o express_v so_o as_o very_o little_o be_v leave_v in_o the_o fold_n thereof_o and_o then_o the_o orifice_n well_o tie_v together_o as_o soon_o as_o ever_o by_o the_o subside_v of_o the_o mercury_n the_o bladder_n shall_v be_v in_o vacuo_fw-la that_o little_a air_n remain_v in_o it_o will_v swell_v and_o distend_v it_o nor_o will_v it_o shrink_v again_o till_o by_o open_v the_o vessel_n at_o k_o the_o external_n air_n get_v in_o to_o press_v upon_o it_o but_o we_o have_v observe_v more_o clear_o the_o like_a expansion_n of_o air_n in_o vacuo_fw-la 3._o in_o a_o vessel_n make_v after_o another_o manner_n as_o adb_v wherein_o a_o lamb_n bladder_n squeeze_v together_o and_o almost_o whole_o discharge_v of_o air_n be_v enclose_v thus_o fill_v the_o vessel_n with_o quick_a silver_n by_o the_o mouth_n d_o and_o tie_v it_o over_o with_o a_o bladder_n the_o low_a mouth_n e_z be_v before_o stop_v with_o the_o finger_n then_o immerse_v it_o into_o the_o quicksilver_n in_o the_o vessel_n fg_v open_v the_o mouth_n e_o and_o let_v the_o quick_a silver_n subside_o then_o will_v the_o bladder_n c_o hang_v by_o a_o thread_n in_o the_o empty_a vessel_n adb_n swell_v itself_o and_o so_o continue_v till_o by_o open_v the_o mouth_n d_o the_o external_n air_n enter_v a_o the_o top_n which_o at_o the_o same_o time_n will_v bear_v down_o the_o cilind_a of_o mercury_n into_o the_o vessel_n at_o the_o bottom_n fg_v and_o press_v together_o the_o bladder_n likewise_o if_o in_o close_v the_o mouth_n d_o the_fw-mi be_v put_v upon_o the_o mercury_n a_o little_a froth_n make_v with_o white_n of_o egg_n or_o soap-sud_n still_o as_o the_o vessel_n adb_n empty_v itself_o the_o air_n imprison_v in_o these_o small_a bubble_n will_v so_o swell_v they_o that_o at_o length_n break_v through_o its_o thin_a confinement_n it_o shall_v be_v at_o liberty_n and_o quite_o release_v from_o the_o liquor_n which_o will_v fall_v down_o upon_o the_o mercury_n like_o dew_n separate_v from_o that_o fine_a steam_n of_o air_n contain_v in_o the_o froth_n tab._n 3_o p._n 19_o experiment_n allege_v by_o some_o against_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n and_o the_o answer_v thereto_o there_o have_v be_v two_o experiment_n from_o which_o some_o of_o our_o academy_n judge_v a_o considerable_a argument_n may_v be_v raise_v against_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n upon_o inferior_a body_n and_o the_o effect_n of_o sustain_a fluid_n attribute_v to_o something_o else_o 1._o one_o be_v by_o cover_v the_o vessel_n a_o and_o likewise_o the_o cane_n with_o a_o great_a bell_n of_o glass_n bcd_v past_v down_o close_o to_o a_o table_n round_o the_o edge_n for_o than_o they_o imagine_v that_o if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o whole_a incumbent_a atmosphere_n of_o air_n do_v protrude_v the_o mercury_n into_o the_o cane_n and_o counterpoise_v it_o with_o its_o weight_n by_o defend_v with_o this_o cover_n of_o glass_n the_o stagnant_a mercury_n from_o so_o great_a a_o pressure_n the_o small_a and_o scarce_o sensible_a weight_n of_o the_o little_a portion_n of_o air_n include_v within_o the_o bell_n must_v of_o necessity_n be_v unable_a to_o keep_v the_o quicksilver_n at_o the_o same_o height_n whereto_o the_o momentum_fw-la of_o so_o vast_a a_o space_n of_o air_n have_v raise_v it_o but_o notwithstanding_o this_o they_o never_o observe_v it_o to_o subside_o a_o jot_n from_o the_o usual_a height_n eglantine_n the_o second_o experiment_n be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n but_o more_o artificial_a 2._o we_o fill_v with_o mercury_n a_o small_a vessel_n ab_fw-la which_o at_o first_o be_v make_v without_o the_o beak_n cd_o add_v afterward_o for_o another_o experiment_n and_o plunge_v into_o it_o when_o full_a the_o cane_n of_o and_o make_v the_o usual_a vacuum_n there_o be_v pour_v out_o from_o the_o vessel_n ab_fw-la a_o small_a quantity_n of_o quick_a silver_n so_o that_o a_o little_a air_n may_v be_v in_o the_o space_n ah_o to_o bear_v upon_o the_o stagnant_a level_n hg_v and_o then_o the_o weight_n and_o pressure_n of_o the_o external_n air_n be_v keep_v off_o by_o close_v careful_o with_o the_o afore-named_n cement_n the_o round_a space_n a_o between_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o vessel_n and_o the_o cane_n and_o yet_o in_o this_o case_n when_o the_o bulk_n of_o the_o external_n air_n be_v so_o lessen_v to_o nothing_o almost_o we_o see_v no_o sensible_a abatement_n of_o the_o mercurial_a cilind_a if_o below_o the_o usual_a height_n but_o the_o assertor_n of_o the_o air_n pressure_n answer_v these_o experiment_n thus_o that_o these_o event_n on_o the_o contrary_a great_o favour_v their_o opinion_n for_o the_o immediate_a cause_n as_o they_o say_v that_o force_n and_o powerful_o sustain_v the_o mercury_n to_o the_o height_n of_o 28_o 1_o â—_o inch_n ¼_n be_v not_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o incumbent_a air_n which_o indeed_o be_v take_v off_o by_o the_o bell_n in_o the_o first_o experiment_n and_o by_o the_o cement_n in_o the_o second_o but_o be_v in_o reality_n a_o effect_n of_o compression_n which_o be_v produce_v and_o wrought_v in_o the_o air_n contain_v in_o bcd_n fig._n 1._o and_o in_o ah_o fig._n 2._o by_o that_o weight_n before_o they_o be_v cement_v close_o whence_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n that_o the_o quick_a silver_n subside_v not_o from_o its_o usual_a height_n
experiment_n to_o show_v more_o evident_o that_o where_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n be_v want_v the_o bear_n up_o of_o the_o fluid_n be_v lessen_v in_o a_o cane_n of_o any_o length_n and_o upon_o the_o return_n of_o the_o same_o pressure_n raise_v up_o again_o tab_n 5_o p_o 29_o note_v that_o kl_n be_v about_o the_o fourteen_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a height_n of_o the_o water_n ml_o for_o what_o cause_n may_v be_v tell_v present_o but_o when_o it_o do_v exceed_v it_o as_o it_o may_v sometime_o happen_v it_o be_v from_o two_o cause_n first_o either_o the_o water_n wherewith_o the_o vessel_n be_v fill_v be_v not_o pour_v in_o so_o hot_a that_o the_o vacuum_n leave_v by_o it_o in_o condense_v be_v capable_a of_o receive_v all_o the_o quick_a silver_n fall_v from_o the_o cane_n of_o for_o when_o the_o space_n ai_fw-fr leave_v by_o the_o condense_a water_n be_v fill_v by_o the_o subside_v mercury_n which_o fall_v into_o the_o vessel_n gb_n raise_v all_o the_o water_n there_o can_v no_o more_o mercury_n descend_v out_o of_o the_o cane_n of_o and_o so_o it_o will_v be_v above_o 1_o 14_o of_o the_o height_n ml_o or_o second_o the_o other_o cause_n may_v be_v when_o this_o void_a space_n a_z be_v indeed_o sufficient_a for_o the_o mercury_n in_o the_o cane_n but_o not_o for_o the_o air_n which_o may_v rise_v either_o from_o the_o mercury_n in_o the_o ball_n or_o from_o the_o water_n in_o the_o vessel_n which_o air_n require_v a_o large_a field_n to_o expatiate_v in_o theâ—_n the_o void_a ai_fw-fr may_v possible_o make_v some_o impression_n upon_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n and_o so_o communicate_v it_o to_o the_o cane_n and_o bear_v up_o the_o mercury_n a_o little_a high_o than_o the_o bare_a weight_n and_o pressure_n of_o the_o water_n will_v have_v sustain_v it_o at_o a_o experiment_n from_o whence_o be_v show_v the_o efficacy_n which_o the_o pressure_n of_o another_o fluid_a join_v with_o the_o air_n have_v upon_o the_o sustain_v mercurial_a cilind_a 2._o the_o vacuum_n be_v make_v with_o the_o cane_n abc_n wherein_o the_o simple_a pressure_n of_o the_o air_n raise_v the_o mercury_n to_o d_o ¼_n the_o usual_a height_n of_o 28_o 6_o 10_o inch_n pour_fw-fr water_n upon_o the_o stagnant_a level_n ebb_n and_o fill_v it_o up_o to_o a_o and_o you_o shall_v see_v the_o level_n d_o raise_v to_o f_o and_o the_o space_n fd_n will_v be_v 1_o 14_o of_o the_o water_n ab_fw-la pour_v in_o and_o that_o because_o to_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o cilind_a of_o mercury_n df_n the_o weight_n of_o the_o other_o cilind_a of_o water_n will_v upon_o trial_n be_v find_v equal_a have_v the_o same_o basis_n and_o of_o the_o height_n of_o ab_fw-la but_o if_o instead_o of_o water_n the_o same_o space_n ab_fw-la be_v fill_v with_o oil_n the_o mercury_n will_v rise_v to_o g_z only_o if_o with_o spirit_n of_o wine_n to_o h_n whence_o we_o may_v from_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o height_n of_o the_o fluid_fw-la ab_fw-la encompass_v the_o cane_n to_o the_o height_n of_o the_o increase_n cause_v by_o that_o fluid_a in_o the_o mercurial_a cilind_a above_o the_o first_o height_n of_o 28_o 6_o 10_o inch_n cause_v by_o the_o air_n find_v the_o proportion_n of_o specific_a gravity_n between_o the_o mercury_n and_o any_o of_o the_o ambient_fw-la fluids_n ¼_n and_o likewise_o as_o easy_o that_o of_o the_o specific_a gravity_n of_o the_o fluid_n in_o respect_n of_o each_o other_o the_o same_o may_v also_o be_v obtain_v without_o a_o vacuum_n with_o a_o plain_a cilindrical_a glass_n ab_fw-la in_o the_o former_a fig._n into_o which_o by_o put_v a_o little_a mercury_n and_o the_o small_a cane_n ac_fw-la now_o suppose_v open_a at_o each_o end_n and_o then_o pour_v a_o equal_a quantity_n of_o several_a fluid_n seperatim_fw-la upon_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o mercury_n ebb_n and_o all_o to_o the_o same_o height_n suppose_v a_o from_o the_o different_a height_n of_o the_o mercury_n in_o the_o little_a cane_n fg_v hd_a cause_v by_o their_o respective_a gravity_n we_o may_v not_o only_o have_v the_o proportion_n of_o their_o specific_a gravity_n with_o the_o mercury_n but_o also_o that_o of_o the_o fluid_v compare_v with_o one_o another_o note_v that_o in_o this_o and_o all_o like_a experiment_n where_o it_o happen_v that_o the_o inward_a or_o outward_a level_n of_o the_o mercury_n be_v alter_v by_o the_o pressure_n of_o some_o fluid_a or_o otherways_o than_o the_o letter_n point_v at_o those_o operation_n in_o the_o figure_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v remove_v to_o the_o place_n requisite_a and_o successive_o follow_v the_o level_n as_o it_o gradual_o move_v from_o place_n to_o place_n a_o experiment_n show_v that_o where_o the_o air_n press_v not_o at_o all_o a_o vacuum_n may_v be_v make_v not_o only_o with_o mercury_n but_o also_o with_o water_n to_o any_o height_n of_o the_o tube_n provide_v less_o than_o that_o whereto_o it_o use_v to_o be_v sustain_v by_o it_o braccio_n let_v there_o be_v a_o glass_n vessel_n ab_fw-la contain_v about_o 6_o l._n of_o water_n and_o the_o mouth_n a_o big_a enough_o to_o receive_v the_o cane_n cd_o 22_o 9_o 10_o inch_n long_o seal_v at_o c_o but_o oblique_o open_a at_o d_o this_o cane_n must_v have_v at_o a_o the_o place_n whereto_o it_o be_v let_v down_o into_o the_o vessel_n ab_fw-la two_o small_a anulet_n of_o glass_n close_o together_o that_o the_o bladder_n with_o a_o hole_n therein_o may_v be_v tie_v very_o fast_o between_o those_o two_o rug_n then_o fill_v the_o whole_a vessel_n ab_fw-la with_o water_n as_o hot_a as_o possible_a and_o the_o cane_n cd_o with_o cold_a put_v upon_o it_o at_o the_o low_a end_n d_o the_o plate_n of_o glass_n e_z fit_v to_o shut_v the_o mouth_n of_o the_o vessel_n ab_fw-la immerse_v the_o cane_n therein_o turn_v down_o the_o bladder_n gather_v it_o together_o and_o bind_v it_o close_o about_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o vessel_n have_v first_o press_v out_o the_o air_n from_o its_o fold_n now_o as_o the_o water_n cool_v part_n of_o the_o vessel_n fg_v will_v be_v empty_a and_o likewise_o as_o in_o the_o former_a experiment_n part_v of_o the_o cane_n ch_z where_o the_o water_n will_v rest_v nor_o move_v but_o upon_o some_o alteration_n of_o the_o external_n heat_v and_o cold_a but_o upon_o prick_v the_o bladder_n the_o air_n forcible_o enter_v upon_o the_o level_n of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o vessel_n will_v refill_z the_o cane_n as_o at_o first_o it_o be_v think_v by_o some_o that_o the_o water_n in_o the_o cane_n do_v not_o fall_v at_o first_o when_o the_o vacuum_n be_v make_v to_o the_o same_o level_n with_o that_o in_o the_o vessel_n suppose_v the_o space_n agnostus_n capable_a of_o receive_v it_o it_o may_v be_v from_o a_o cause_n mention_v in_o a_o forego_n experiment_n i._n e._n from_o some_o air_n which_o raise_v itself_o from_o the_o water_n into_o the_o void_a space_n perhaps_o too_o narrow_a for_o its_o full_a expansion_n whence_o they_o imagine_v that_o if_o the_o experiment_n be_v make_v with_o wine_n oil_n spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o other_o liquor_n from_o a_o great_a or_o lesser_a vacuum_n remain_v in_o the_o cane_n it_o may_v be_v determine_v which_o of_o the_o fluid_n have_v most_o air_n disperse_v through_o its_o particle_n a_o experiment_n first_o make_v in_o france_n and_o after_o by_o our_o academy_n whence_o it_o be_v probable_a a_o more_o cogent_a argument_n for_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n may_v be_v draw_v m._n pecquet_n in_o his_o book_n of_o new_a anatomical_a experiment_n write_v that_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v by_o many_o that_o the_o height_n of_o the_o mercurial_a cilind_a in_o vacuo_fw-la vary_v according_a to_o the_o place_n where_o the_o experiment_n be_v make_v whence_o in_o high_a place_n it_o be_v less_o and_o in_o low_a place_n and_o deep_a pit_n great_a provide_v the_o height_n be_v pretty_a considerable_a as_o that_o of_o the_o high_a mountain_n of_o auvergne_n at_o the_o top_n whereof_o the_o mercury_n want_v much_o of_o the_o usual_a height_n which_o have_v be_v say_v to_o happen_v because_o the_o high_a air_n which_o be_v find_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o vast_a mountain_n have_v a_o lesser_a weight_n upon_o it_o make_v a_o more_o faint_a pressure_n nor_o be_v able_a to_o raise_v the_o mercury_n to_o that_o height_n whereto_o the_o low_a air_n of_o valley_n and_o plain_n easy_o mount_v it_o howsoever_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o assign_a cause_n may_v prove_v of_o which_o it_o be_v not_o at_o present_a our_o intent_n to_o discourse_n yet_o we_o have_v observe_v the_o very_a same_o effect_n on_o the_o high_a tower_n at_o florence_n 142._o which_o be_v 271_o foot_n high_a as_o likewise_o on_o divers_a of_o those_o small_a hill_n which_o surround_v the_o city_n and_o we_o find_v it_o
the_o mercury_n rise_v in_o the_o small_a leg_n ab_fw-la and_o then_o upon_o admission_n of_o the_o air_n can_v observe_v no_o alteration_n this_o experiment_n be_v often_o repeat_v always_o with_o the_o same_o success_n last_o they_o that_o take_v the_o raise_n of_o fluid_n to_o a_o determinate_a height_n to_o be_v a_o undoubted_a effect_n of_o the_o air_n pressure_n be_v desirous_a to_o see_v if_o the_o air_n which_o press_v upon_o the_o stagnant_a level_n when_o force_v to_o pass_v through_o the_o hole_n of_o a_o very_a small_a cane_n and_o must_v necessary_o do_v so_o to_o exert_v any_o pressure_n come_v thereby_o to_o be_v so_o weaken_v and_o lessen_v that_o any_o observable_a alteration_n follow_v in_o the_o height_n of_o the_o fluid_a so_o press_v which_o they_o think_v will_v probable_o happen_v because_o if_o one_o momentum_fw-la be_v weaken_v the_o other_o must_v certain_o preponderate_v and_o so_o alter_v the_o first_o aequilibrium_fw-la to_o this_o end_n there_o be_v take_v the_o cane_n abcd_v who_o height_n ab_fw-la be_v 46_o inch_n and_o the_o return_v bc_n 11_o ½_o inches_n br._n draw_v to_o a_o great_a degree_n of_o smallness_n than_o be_v represent_v in_o the_o figure_n this_o be_v open_a at_o a_o and_o d_o be_v fill_v with_o mercury_n at_o the_o mouth_n a_o till_o it_o come_v to_o d_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o return_n which_o we_o then_o seal_v at_o the_o flame_n of_o a_o candle_n and_o complete_v the_o fill_n of_o the_o cane_n to_o a_o and_o tie_v it_o over_o fast_o with_o a_o bladder_n then_o we_o break_v off_o the_o end_n d_o and_o the_o mercury_n begin_v to_o run_v out_o very_o slow_o contrary_a to_o what_o we_o have_v observe_v when_o the_o air_n pursue_v it_o at_o the_o other_o end_n whereas_o instead_o of_o air_n the_o cane_n have_v now_o a_o vacuity_n which_o increase_v gradual_o from_o a_o so_o that_o the_o mercury_n be_v no_o otherwise_o force_v out_o but_o by_o the_o weight_n of_o that_o which_o be_v above_o 28_o 6_o 10_o ¼_n reckon_v from_o c_o towards_o a_o and_o it_o immediate_o stop_v when_o it_o come_v to_o f_o the_o very_a same_o height_n above_o c_o as_o the_o mercury_n be_v off_o in_o another_o tube_n immerse_v in_o a_o large_a vessel_n at_o the_o same_o time_n after_o this_o hold_v the_o cane_n perpendicular_a to_o the_o horizon_n by_o lift_v it_o gentle_o up_o and_o down_o we_o cause_v a_o motion_n in_o the_o mercury_n so_o that_o by_o the_o vibration_n of_o it_o backward_o and_o forward_o in_o the_o two_o arm_n of_o the_o vessel_n there_o run_v out_o at_o each_o vibration_n a_o little_a mercury_n at_o the_o beak_n d_o so_o that_o when_o the_o cane_n and_o mercury_n be_v at_o rest_n there_o remain_v a_o small_a part_n of_o the_o little_a cane_n empty_a of_o mercury_n gcd_n so_o the_o air_n press_v upon_o g_o though_o strain_v through_o so_o narrow_a a_o passage_n as_o d_o yet_o have_v not_o lose_v so_o much_o of_o its_o force_n as_o to_o cause_v any_o sensible_a abatement_n of_o the_o height_n of_o the_o cilind_a f_o c._n from_o all_o these_o experiment_n and_o some_o other_o of_o a_o like_a nature_n which_o we_o have_v now_o no_o time_n to_o relate_v some_o thought_n they_o see_v good_a ground_n to_o affirm_v that_o that_o opinion_n of_o a_o more_o languid_a pressure_n make_v by_o the_o air_n through_o so_o narrow_a conveyance_n take_v absolute_o so_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o produce_v this_o and_o the_o like_a effect_n but_o they_o believe_v that_o there_o must_v be_v at_o least_o allow_v some_o other_o concurrent_a cause_n a_o experiment_n of_o water_n in_o vacuo_fw-la that_o noble_a observation_n of_o mr._n boil_v of_o the_o boil_a of_o warm_a water_n in_o vacuo_fw-la make_v we_o above_o measure_n curious_a not_o only_o to_o see_v so_o rare_a and_o surprise_v a_o effect_n but_o also_o give_v we_o a_o hint_n and_o desire_v to_o try_v the_o same_o experiment_n with_o simple_a water_n and_o also_o with_o water_n bring_v to_o as_o great_a a_o degree_n of_o cold_a as_o it_o be_v capable_a of_o without_o freeze_a there_o be_v put_v into_o the_o vessel_n represent_v by_o fig._n 5._o tab._n 10._o a_o quantity_n of_o natural_a water_n unaltered_a from_o its_o ordinary_a temperament_n in_o this_o after_o the_o vacuum_n be_v make_v there_o appear_v a_o shower_n of_o small_a drop_n which_o though_o they_o be_v in_o great_a plenty_n yet_o come_v very_o slow_a and_o the_o water_n lose_v nothing_o of_o its_o transparency_n their_o motion_n be_v upward_o till_o the_o shower_n gradual_o cease_v the_o water_n become_v sedate_v and_o quiet_a as_o at_o first_o the_o warm_a water_n as_o soon_o as_o ever_o the_o vacuum_n be_v make_v begin_v violent_o to_o boil_v up_o towards_o the_o top_n of_o the_o vessel_n with_o a_o noise_n not_o unlike_a that_o make_v by_o a_o cauldron_n boil_v very_o fast_o but_o upon_o open_v the_o ball_n and_o take_v out_o the_o include_v vessel_n we_o can_v not_o observe_v any_o heat_n acquire_v by_o this_o ebullition_n the_o chill_v water_n throw_v up_o four_o or_o five_o small_a bubble_n and_o then_o rest_v without_o any_o other_o sensible_a change_n or_o alteration_n note_v that_o upon_o the_o admission_n of_o the_o air_n the_o shower_n of_o small_a drop_n cease_v immediate_o in_o that_o water_n of_o a_o natural_a temperament_n as_o likewise_o the_o boil_a of_o the_o warm_a water_n a_o experiment_n of_o snow_n in_o vacuo_fw-la at_o first_o we_o put_v in_o a_o small_a piece_n of_o snow_n of_o which_o upon_o the_o fall_n of_o the_o mercury_n there_o scarce_o appear_v other_o than_o the_o melt_a water_n this_o so_o hasty_a dissolution_n thereof_o seem_v strange_a to_o we_o wherefore_o to_o make_v the_o experiment_n more_o clear_a we_o repeat_v it_o with_o a_o large_a piece_n make_v somewhat_o cilindrical_a as_o long_o and_o big_a as_o can_v be_v put_v into_o the_o ball_n which_o be_v fill_v with_o mercury_n we_o thrust_v the_o cilind_a of_o snow_n into_o it_o but_o slip_v out_o of_o his_o hand_n that_o immerse_v it_o and_o so_o swim_v upon_o the_o mercury_n we_o may_v perceive_v that_o in_o the_o very_a act_n of_o immersion_n the_o mercury_n have_v prey_v upon_o and_o eat_v off_o a_o good_a part_n thereof_o and_o the_o dissolve_a water_n swim_v upon_o the_o mercury_n so_o we_o conclude_v that_o it_o be_v the_o mercury_n which_o melt_v the_o first_o small_a piece_n of_o snow_n so_o sudden_o and_o not_o the_o vacuum_n as_o at_o the_o first_o view_n it_o seem_v to_o be_v wherefore_o put_v the_o snow_n in_o again_o close_v the_o vessel_n and_o make_v the_o vacuum_n the_o little_a that_o remain_v be_v as_o slow_a in_o dissolve_v as_o it_o use_v to_o be_v in_o the_o air_n this_o experiment_n be_v make_v in_o the_o summer_n so_o that_o the_o snow_n be_v not_o in_o flake_n solla_fw-it we_o call_v the_o snow_n at_o florence_n when_o it_o fall_v like_o down_o before_o it_o be_v freeze_v together_o but_o some_o of_o that_o take_v out_o of_o the_o conservatory_n where_o it_o be_v tread_v down_o and_o press_v together_o a_o experiment_n of_o the_o dissolution_n of_o pearl_n and_o coral_n in_o vacuo_fw-la this_o experiment_n we_o owe_v likewise_o to_o mr._n boil_v which_o be_v after_o this_o manner_n pearl_n and_o coral_n as_o be_v well_o know_v be_v dissolve_v in_o vinegar_n though_o this_o action_n proceed_v very_o slow_o in_o the_o open_a air_n and_o consist_v in_o the_o curious_a discharge_n of_o very_o small_a bubble_n which_o rise_v from_o body_n of_o the_o pearl_n and_o coral_n themselves_o yet_o they_o do_v not_o rise_v so_o thick_a as_o to_o hinder_v the_o transparency_n of_o the_o vinegar_n especial_o from_o the_o coral_n which_o if_o not_o fine_o powder_v be_v much_o slow_a in_o dissolve_v but_o pearl_n be_v soft_a afford_v a_o great_a plenty_n of_o bubble_n we_o desire_v to_o see_v each_o of_o they_o several_o in_o vacuo_fw-la and_o observe_v so_o great_a a_o quantity_n of_o bubble_n to_o arise_v from_o each_o that_o the_o vinegar_n be_v raise_v all_o in_o froth_n and_o run_v over_o the_o vessel_n which_o therefore_o show_v as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v full_a of_o milk_n or_o pure_a snow_n then_o we_o give_v admission_n to_o the_o air_n whereby_o the_o froth_n be_v immediate_o sink_v and_o the_o vinegar_n with_o its_o natural_a transparency_n begin_v to_o act_v as_o before_o we_o will_v not_o omit_v here_o a_o effect_n accidental_o observe_v in_o this_o dissolution_n which_o be_v this_o the_o pearl_n when_o they_o sink_v to_o the_o bottom_n gather_v into_o one_o or_o more_o little_a bubble_n of_o air_n which_o natural_o rise_v up_o carry_v the_o pearl_n with_o they_o but_o as_o soon_o as_o ever_o the_o bubble_n rise_v above_o the_o vinegar_n and_o by_o the_o chock_n of_o the_o air_n break_v their_o cover_v be_v curious_o scatter_v about_o
stiff_a against_o the_o instrument_n and_o at_o last_o both_o be_v loosen_v so_o that_o the_o cross_n be_v at_o liberty_n fall_v down_o upon_o the_o table_n whereon_o we_o set_v the_o instrument_n within_o the_o circumference_n of_o the_o ring_n after_o this_o pour_v the_o hot_a water_n out_o we_o fill_v it_o with_o a_o mixture_n of_o salt_n and_o ice_n dissolve_v and_o it_o not_o only_o hold_v the_o cross_n again_o but_o with_o great_a firmness_n than_o at_o first_o the_o four_o experiment_n to_o find_v the_o same_o effect_n in_o metal_n 1._o have_v bend_v a_o small_a plate_n of_o tin_n like_o a_o stirrup_n and_o hang_v it_o up_o so_o as_o the_o two_o extremity_n may_v touch_v a_o plane_n put_v under_o they_o upon_o which_o we_o draw_v two_o line_n where_o the_o aforenamed_a extremity_n must_v necessary_o strike_v if_o they_o have_v be_v prolong_v we_o than_o put_v a_o live_v cole_n over_o the_o bend_n of_o the_o plate_n and_o attentive_o observe_v one_o of_o the_o point_n we_o discern_v that_o by_o little_a and_o little_a it_o part_v from_o the_o line_n draw_v within_o it_o and_o this_o be_v when_o the_o convex_a of_o the_o plate_n only_o be_v heat_v dilate_a itself_o and_o the_o concave_n be_v contract_v but_o when_o it_o have_v penetrate_v which_o it_o soon_o do_v the_o whole_a thickness_n of_o the_o tin_n be_v then_o equal_o dilate_v the_o point_n not_o only_o again_o reach_v the_o line_n but_o pass_v beyond_o it_o more_o or_o less_o in_o proportion_n to_o the_o heat_v communicate_v by_o the_o fire_n to_o the_o bend_n of_o the_o stirrup_n the_o five_o experiment_n to_o observe_v by_o the_o sound_a the_o like_a dilatation_n in_o a_o stirrup_n of_o glass_n 2._o we_o fit_v a_o minikin_n to_o a_o broad_a stirrup_n of_o glass_n as_o in_o the_o figure_n and_o tune_v it_o a_o octave_n to_o the_o string_n of_o a_o guitarre_n and_o apply_v the_o heat_n to_o it_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o we_o do_v to_o the_o stirrup_n of_o tin_n when_o it_o have_v not_o yet_o affect_v the_o concave_a superficies_n thereof_o but_o only_o the_o convex_a tab._n 16._o p._n 110._o the_o tone_n be_v flatter_v because_o as_o in_o the_o forego_n experiment_n the_o aperture_n be_v lessen_v and_o consequent_o the_o string_n slacken_v but_o when_o the_o heat_n have_v penetrate_v quite_o through_o the_o string_n be_v straighten_a so_o as_o the_o sound_n be_v sharp_a than_o the_o first_o tune_v the_o six_o experiment_n discover_v the_o same_o effect_v more_o clear_o to_o the_o eye_n 3._o we_o fasten_v to_o the_o same_o string_n with_o a_o bit_n of_o thread_n a_o small_a leaden_a plummet_n and_o put_v under_o it_o a_o little_a plate_n of_o glass_n so_o as_o not_o quite_o to_o touch_v the_o weight_n and_o apply_v fire_n to_o the_o usual_a place_n the_o effect_v as_o to_o the_o stirrup_n be_v the_o very_a same_o as_o at_o other_o time_n for_o be_v at_o first_o draw_v together_o the_o cord_n become_v slack_a and_o the_o weight_n rest_v upon_o the_o plate_n of_o glass_n but_o at_o last_o extend_v the_o aperture_n it_o strain_v the_o cord_n and_o raise_v up_o the_o plummet_n the_o contrary_a effect_n be_v wrought_v by_o ice_n make_v use_v of_o instead_o of_o the_o coal_n but_o sensible_o less_o in_o proportion_n as_o its_o activity_n be_v less_o than_o the_o fire_n the_o seven_o experiment_n show_v the_o same_o effect_n in_o wire_n string_n minugie_a ricotto_n a_o leaden_a plummet_n be_v fasten_v to_o a_o nealed_a brass-wire_n and_o hang_v over_o a_o glass_n plate_n at_o a_o little_a distance_n therefrom_o draw_v near_a to_o touch_v it_o as_o the_o wire_n become_v heat_v by_o apply_v a_o light_a candle_n to_o it_o and_o still_o retire_v from_o it_o upon_o every_o little_a rub_v with_o ice_n ottone_v in_o like_a manner_n two_o wire_n of_o mix_a brass_n tune_v unison_n so_o that_o one_o be_v strike_v the_o other_o sound_v be_v make_v discordant_a either_o by_o approach_v to_o one_o of_o they_o a_o live_v coale_n or_o a_o piece_n of_o ice_n that_o by_o lengthen_v the_o wire_n make_v the_o tone_n flatter_v and_o this_o by_o shorten_v it_o sharpen_v the_o sound_n thereof_o the_o eight_o experiment_n whereby_o from_o the_o appearance_n of_o a_o contrary_a effect_n it_o be_v confirm_v that_o the_o first_o motion_n of_o liquor_n come_v from_o the_o capacity_n of_o the_o vessel_n be_v alter_v in_o the_o instant_n of_o immersion_n it_o may_v happen_v upon_o the_o first_o immersion_n of_o vessel_n into_o the_o ambient_fw-la hot_a or_o cold_a body_n that_o the_o level_n of_o the_o contain_v liquor_n show_v a_o different_a effect_n from_o that_o beforenamed_n that_o be_v that_o it_o may_v immediate_o rise_v in_o a_o hot_a ambient_fw-la 4._o and_o subside_o in_o a_o cold_a one_o this_o will_v be_v always_o if_o the_o vessel_n be_v make_v in_o the_o shape_n represent_v by_o the_o figure_n in_o this_o upon_o the_o first_o touch_n of_o warm_a water_n the_o liquor_n will_v present_o rise_v because_o in_o the_o lateral_a angle_n be_v very_o strong_a and_o thick_a of_o metal_n in_o comparison_n of_o the_o hollow_a face_n the_o heat_n act_v first_o upon_o the_o outward_a superficies_n lessen_v those_o angles_n as_o we_o say_v before_o it_o do_v to_o the_o stirrup_n of_o glass_n and_o so_o necessary_o come_v to_o stretch_v the_o thin_a hollow_v part_n which_o dilate_v inward_o happen_v at_o first_o to_o lessen_v the_o capacity_n of_o the_o vessel_n and_o to_o raise_v the_o liquor_n in_o the_o neck_n which_o fall_v again_o from_o that_o space_n new_o fill_v when_o the_o heat_n have_v penetrate_v the_o whole_a substance_n of_o the_o glass_n and_o the_o vessel_n begin_v to_o enlarge_v itself_o uniform_o return_v to_o its_o first_o size_n and_o large_a and_o at_o last_o the_o liquor_n rise_v again_o when_o impregnate_v with_o the_o fiery_a corpuscel_n it_o begin_v to_o rarify_v and_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o contrary_a to_o this_o be_v observe_v from_o cold_a the_o same_o cause_n act_v contrary_o and_o note_v that_o the_o capacity_n of_o the_o vessel_n be_v lessen_v by_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o hand_n only_o make_v upon_o two_o opposite_a hollow_a side_n nor_o can_v the_o rise_n of_o the_o liquor_n be_v attribute_v to_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o hand_n rarify_n it_o for_o it_o be_v raise_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n by_o press_v the_o vessel_n with_o two_o piece_n of_o ice_n the_o use_n of_o the_o next_o instrument_n may_v easy_o be_v comprehend_v from_o its_o figure_n be_v only_o a_o plate_n of_o steel_n 5._o perforate_v with_o circle_n of_o divers_a measure_n to_o observe_v the_o different_a increasing_n cause_v by_o different_a degree_n of_o heat_n give_v to_o the_o same_o or_o several_a conical_a ring_n of_o metal_n the_o nine_o experiment_n to_o show_v that_o a_o vessel_n may_v be_v distend_v not_o only_o by_o heat_n or_o by_o soak_v up_o of_o moisture_n but_o also_o by_o weight_n there_o be_v make_v two_o vessel_n of_o glass_n 6._o the_o one_o conical_a the_o other_o pyramidal_a and_o let_v they_o into_o a_o thick_a table_n we_o mark_v round_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o vessel_n how_o far_o they_o sink_v down_o then_o take_v they_o out_o we_o fill_v they_o with_o mercury_n and_o put_v they_o again_o into_o the_o hole_n in_o the_o table_n but_o they_o will_v not_o go_v down_o so_o low_a as_o the_o mark_v make_v at_o first_o because_o they_o be_v distend_v by_o the_o force_n of_o the_o mercury_n weight_n experiment_n about_o the_o compression_n of_o water_n that_o experiment_n do_v not_o always_o reach_v the_o truth_n aim_v at_o be_v not_o from_o any_o defect_n of_o the_o idea_n conceive_v of_o they_o in_o the_o mind_n but_o rather_o happen_v from_o the_o necessity_n we_o have_v of_o material_a body_n and_o corruptible_a instrument_n to_o put_v our_o conception_n in_o practice_n which_o though_o of_o themselves_o unable_a to_o blemish_v the_o theory_n and_o speculative_a part_n yet_o through_o the_o default_n in_o their_o substance_n be_v not_o always_o capable_a of_o second_v our_o thought_n but_o we_o must_v not_o hence_o conclude_v the_o experimental_a method_n fallacious_a in_o the_o quest_n of_o natural_a event_n for_o though_o by_o it_o we_o may_v sometime_o come_v short_a of_o the_o very_a depth_n of_o that_o truth_n which_o we_o first_o seek_v after_o yet_o it_o be_v hard_a if_o it_o do_v not_o give_v some_o glimmering_n and_o mark_n to_o discover_v the_o falsity_n of_o any_o contrary_a supposition_n this_o have_v be_v our_o fate_n in_o our_o research_n whether_o water_n can_v suffer_v any_o compression_n as_o air_n do_v in_o which_o attempt_n for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o weakness_n of_o our_o vessel_n come_v short_a of_o afford_v we_o a_o perfect_a knowledge_n of_o the_o truth_n we_o make_v use_n of_o glass_n one_o as_o most_o fit_a because_o