great_a concernment_n yet_o it_o be_v better_a to_o begin_v from_o the_o aequator_fw-la that_o all_o the_o place_n may_v lie_v in_o some_o climate_n proposition_n xv._o to_o show_v the_o use_n of_o the_o table_n of_o the_o climate_n 1._o the_o latitude_n of_o some_o place_n or_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n be_v give_v to_o know_v the_o quantity_n of_o the_o long_a day_n in_o that_o place_n and_o the_o climate_n in_o which_o it_o lie_v let_v the_o give_v elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n be_v seek_v in_o the_o table_n and_o on_o the_o opposite_a region_n we_o shall_v find_v both_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o long_a day_n as_o also_o the_o climate_n and_o the_o parallel_n if_o that_o the_o give_v elevation_n can_v be_v find_v in_o the_o table_n then_o take_v that_o elevation_n which_o be_v less_o near_o or_o the_o like_a which_o be_v find_v in_o the_o table_n climate_n from_o the_o longitude_n of_o the_o long_a day_n of_o any_o place_n to_o know_v the_o latude_n of_o the_o place_n and_o 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and_o rain_n with_o other_o meteor_n in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o vicine_fw-la air._n heat_n of_o the_o cause_n of_o heat_n 1._o the_o more_o or_o less_o or_o no_o obliquity_n of_o the_o ray_n of_o the_o sun_n come_v to_o or_o emit_v on_o any_o place_n for_o the_o ray_n fall_v perpendicular_a on_o any_o place_n cause_n great_a heat_n and_o the_o other_o ray_n slide_v oblique_o have_v for_o that_o very_a reason_n a_o less_o power_n of_o heat_n by_o how_o much_o the_o obliquity_n of_o they_o be_v the_o great_a that_o be_v by_o how_o much_o the_o more_o they_o decline_v from_o the_o perpendicular_a ray._n 2._o the_o diurnal_a stay_n of_o the_o sun_n above_o the_o horizon_n of_o the_o place_n for_o the_o same_o heat_n make_v more_o hot_a and_o change_v the_o air_n in_o a_o long_a time_n than_o in_o a_o short_a 3._o the_o depression_n of_o the_o sun_n beneath_o the_o horizon_n be_v more_o or_o less_o in_o the_o night_n season_n for_o this_o difference_n of_o 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may_v credit_v astronomer_n 6._o the_o propriety_n or_o species_n of_o the_o earth_n of_o every_o place_n for_o where_o the_o earth_n be_v more_o stony_a and_o rocky_a there_o for_o the_o most_o part_n it_o be_v more_o cold_a than_o where_o it_o be_v sulphureous_a and_o fat_a and_o here_o again_o it_o be_v more_o fertile_a where_o there_o be_v much_o sand_n and_o no_o river_n there_o be_v great_a heat_n lake_n fume_n and_o mist_n proceed_v from_o lake_n 7._o lake_n or_o the_o sea_n adjacent_a from_o thence_o also_o fume_n and_o mist_n be_v raise_v more_o moist_a and_o frequent_a in_o the_o air_n and_o the_o ray_n be_v less_o powerful_o reflect_v from_o the_o sea_n than_o from_o the_o earth_n 8._o the_o situation_n of_o place_n for_o the_o sun_n act_v otherwise_o on_o mountain_n and_o mountainous_a place_n than_o on_o valley_n and_o plain_n moreover_o mountain_n hinder_v the_o free_a access_n of_o the_o ray_n of_o the_o sun_n to_o the_o subject_a place_n for_o to_o they_o the_o vapour_n of_o the_o air_n be_v in_o some_o sort_n attract_v 20._o see_v chap._n 20._o whence_o the_o mountain_n change_v the_o season_n of_o the_o adjacent_a place_n as_o heatt_z rain_n and_o the_o like_a for_o these_o will_v be_v otherwise_o in_o the_o subject_a place_n if_o that_o the_o mountain_n be_v absent_a weather_n the_o wind_n cause_n difference_n in_o the_o weather_n 9_o the_o wind_n especial_o the_o general_a so_o the_o etesian_a wind_n temperate_a and_o allay_v the_o canicular_a heat_n a_o general_a wind_n in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n especial_o the_o subsolan_n wind_n in_o brasilia_n render_v the_o heat_n temperate_a when_o in_o africa_n which_o be_v occidental_a the_o heat_n be_v vehement_a because_o these_o place_n feel_v not_o so_o general_a a_o wind._n the_o northern_a wind_n be_v cold_a and_o dry_a the_o southern_a warm_a and_o moist_a in_o our_o place_n 10._o cloud_n rain_n and_o fog_n take_v away_o and_o diminish_v light_a and_o heat_n i_o suppose_v that_o there_o be_v not_o many_o cause_n of_o this_o variety_n in_o light_n and_o heat_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v observe_v in_o divers_a place_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o also_o in_o the_o same_o place_n but_o yet_o in_o a_o different_a time_n or_o season_n proposition_n ii_o how_o be_v the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n spring_n summer_n autumn_n and_o winter_n to_o be_v define_v year_n the_o four_o season_n of_o the_o year_n although_o in_o science_n we_o ought_v not_o to_o contend_v and_o dispute_v concern_v definition_n yet_o because_o certain_a homonyme_n or_o likeness_n do_v here_o occur_v without_o the_o explication_n of_o which_o there_o will_v arise_v much_o confusion_n in_o the_o follow_a doctrine_n therefore_o i_o will_v so_o propose_v this_o question_n that_o you_o may_v the_o more_o cautious_o avoid_v this_o homonyme_n that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v deceive_v and_o entangle_v by_o the_o same_o the_o question_n comprehend_v two_o difficulty_n first_o whether_o these_o season_n ought_v to_o be_v define_v from_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o his_o stay_n in_o certain_a sing_v of_o the_o ecliptic_a and_o zodiac_n astrologer_n according_a to_o astronomer_n and_o astrologer_n for_o so_o astronomer_n and_o astrologer_n common_o do_v say_v that_o that_o be_v the_o spring_n whilst_o the_o sun_n move_v from_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o aries_n to_o the_o first_o of_o cancer_n that_o be_v summer_n whilst_o the_o sun_n move_v from_o the_o first_o of_o cancer_n to_o the_o first_o of_o libra_n that_o be_v autumn_n whilst_o the_o sun_n move_v from_o the_o first_o of_o libra_n to_o the_o first_o of_o capricorn_n and_o that_o be_v winter_n whilst_o the_o sun_n move_v from_o the_o first_o of_o capricorn_n to_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o aries_n now_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o these_o definition_n be_v not_o general_a and_o agreeable_a to_o all_o place_n because_o they_o be_v only_o of_o force_n in_o the_o northern_a place_n situate_v from_o the_o aequator_fw-la towards_o the_o pole_n arctic_a and_o not_o in_o the_o southern_a so_o that_o for_o these_o definition_n the_o same_o person_n bring_v definition_n contrary_a to_o the_o former_a say_v that_o in_o these_o place_n the_o spring_n begin_v from_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o libra_n proceed_v unto_o the_o first_o of_o capricorn_n the_o summer_n from_o the_o first_o of_o capricorn_n to_o the_o first_o of_o aries_n the_o autumn_n from_o the_o first_o of_o aries_n to_o the_o first_o of_o cancer_n and_o the_o winter_n from_o the_o first_o of_o cancer_n to_o the_o first_o of_o libra_n but_o from_o thence_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o those_o season_n can_v possible_o be_v define_v which_o be_v false_a and_o general_n ought_v to_o be_v define_v by_o general_n second_o definition_n so_o make_v can_v have_v place_n in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n
distance_n from_o the_o place_n assume_v the_o spring_n when_o he_o go_v from_o a_o point_n of_o moderate_a distance_n towards_o the_o very_a vertex_fw-la of_o the_o pole_n or_o to_o the_o point_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a which_o be_v vertical_a to_o the_o place_n or_o to_o the_o parallel_n of_o the_o place_n the_o summer_n where_o the_o sun_n go_v from_o this_o other_o point_n of_o middle_a distance_n to_o a_o point_n of_o great_a distance_n that_o be_v the_o first_o degree_n of_o capricorn_n or_o cancer_n 2._o in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la itself_o the_o sun_n no_o day_n of_o the_o year_n remain_v above_o the_o horizon_n more_o or_o less_o hour_n than_o twelve_o and_o so_o many_o beneath_o the_o horizon_n in_o other_o place_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n one_o hour_n or_o a_o hour_n and_o a_o half_a at_o the_o most_o viz._n in_o the_o extreme_a place_n of_o this_o zone_n about_o the_o tropic_n of_o cancer_n and_o capricorn_n when_o the_o day_n be_v at_o the_o long_a the_o sun_n remain_v above_o the_o horizon_n twelve_o hour_n and_o in_o the_o short_a day_n about_o eleven_o hour_n and_o in_o the_o intermedial_a day_n that_o time_n of_o the_o stay_n of_o the_o sum_n above_o and_o beneath_o the_o horizon_n do_v not_o much_o differ_v from_o twelve_o hour_n and_o therefore_o this_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o the_o night_n be_v not_o without_o cold_a and_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o day_n continue_v not_o long_o about_o the_o eveningtide_n 3._o in_o the_o night_n time_n the_o sun_n be_v profound_o depress_v beneath_o the_o horizon_n for_o that_o he_o illustrate_v the_o air_n with_o none_o of_o his_o ray_n nay_o not_o reflex_n this_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o most_o dark_a night_n be_v there_o and_o the_o cold_a of_o the_o night_n be_v augment_v the_o air_n be_v condense_v and_o contract_v itself_o and_o be_v cold_a it_o descend_v towards_o the_o earth_n by_o its_o own_o ponderosity_n moreover_o in_o a_o very_a short_a time_n about_o the_o space_n of_o half_a a_o hour_n before_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o after_o his_o set_n those_o place_n have_v the_o light_n and_o heat_n of_o the_o twilight_n 4_o the_o moon_n almost_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o sun_n ascend_v direct_o from_o the_o horizon_n towards_o the_o meridian_n of_o those_o place_n yet_o a_o little_a more_o oblique_o because_o it_o depart_v from_o the_o ecliptic_a and_o therefore_o towards_o the_o torrid_a zone_n about_o five_o degree_n and_o it_o remain_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o sun_n a_o little_a above_o twelve_o hour_n above_o the_o horizon_n and_o be_v depress_v beneath_o it_o almost_o so_o many_o hour_n and_o that_o profound_o as_o we_o have_v speak_v of_o the_o sun_n therefore_o with_o her_o direct_a ray_n or_o those_o near_a to_o the_o perpendicular_a she_o will_v augment_v the_o warmness_n of_o the_o night_n especial_o when_o she_o be_v vertical_a to_o any_o place_n and_o diminish_v it_o by_o her_o recess_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o her_o short_a stay_n above_o the_o horizon_n the_o effect_n of_o it_o be_v little_o discern_v in_o any_o place_n except_o when_o it_o be_v vertical_a to_o it_o 5._o all_o the_o star_n arise_v and_o set_v in_o place_n nigh_o the_o aequator_fw-la but_o those_o star_n which_o be_v near_o the_o pole_n in_o place_n more_o remote_a from_o the_o aequator_fw-la do_v not_o arise_v and_o those_o be_v but_o very_o few_o and_o therefore_o they_o can_v cause_v little_a heat_n and_o light_n and_o that_o also_o insensible_a in_o the_o air._n 6._o in_o many_o place_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n as_o in_o india_n and_o its_o isle_n in_o the_o tongue_n of_o africa_n and_o in_o mexico_n the_o earth_n be_v sulphureous_a which_o send_v forth_o more_o calid_a vapour_n whence_o it_o communicate_v a_o certain_a heat_n to_o the_o air_n and_o a_o peculiar_a property_n in_o some_o place_n it_o be_v sandy_a as_o in_o the_o north_n part_n of_o africa_n lie_v in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n in_o part_n of_o lybia_n and_o the_o land_n of_o the_o negro_n in_o many_o place_n of_o arabia_n in_o peru_n and_o in_o the_o place_n between_o peru_n and_o brazilia_n whence_o in_o these_o place_n a_o very_a great_a heat_n be_v raise_v by_o the_o sun_n because_o the_o particle_n of_o the_o sand_n do_v very_o long_o retain_v the_o heat_n receive_v from_o the_o sun_n and_o soon_o communicate_v the_o same_o to_o the_o vicine_fw-la air._n in_o other_o place_n the_o river_n be_v many_o and_o in_o those_o sandy_a one_o few_o there_o be_v many_o in_o abyssine_n in_o guiney_n congo_n india_n and_o in_o brazilia_n hence_o humid_a vapour_n be_v raise_v which_o do_v very_o much_o blunt_v the_o force_n of_o the_o sun_n ray_n and_o render_v his_o heat_n more_o tolerable_a 7._o the_o most_o place_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n have_v the_o sea_n adjacent_a as_o india_n and_o its_o isle_n the_o tongue_n of_o africa_n guiney_n brazilia_n peru_n mexico_n some_o place_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n be_v mediterranean_n as_o the_o more_o inward_a africa_n the_o region_n between_o peru_n and_o brazilia_n whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o in_o those_o place_n the_o heat_n and_o drought_n be_v great_a and_o in_o some_o or_o most_o of_o they_o the_o air_n be_v more_o moist_a and_o less_o fervent_a than_o can_v be_v cause_v by_o the_o sun_n except_o other_o cause_n happen_v 8._o most_o of_o the_o region_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n see_v that_o they_o be_v almost_o encompass_v by_o the_o sea_n have_v in_o the_o middle_a place_n more_o or_o lesser_a ridge_n of_o exceed_v high_a mountain_n as_o india_n and_o its_o isle_n the_o tongue_n of_o africa_n and_o peru_n these_o row_n of_o mountain_n do_v very_o much_o vary_v the_o light_n heat_n and_o ray_n of_o those_o place_n somewhere_o they_o hinder_v the_o oriental_a ray_n of_o the_o sun_n otherwhere_o the_o occidental_a moreover_o the_o humid_a vapour_n condense_v in_o the_o air_n be_v move_v to_o the_o vertices_fw-la of_o these_o mountain_n as_o we_o have_v show_v in_o the_o twenty_o chapter_n whence_o rain_n and_o cloud_n proceed_v by_o which_o the_o heat_n and_o light_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v very_o much_o obstruct_v and_o the_o celestial_a cause_n of_o the_o season_n be_v disturb_v there_o be_v few_o of_o the_o place_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n which_o want_v those_o ridge_n as_o the_o inward_a africa_n mexico_n and_o the_o like_a 9_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o wind_n in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n be_v various_a and_o notable_a for_o a_o general_a wind_n blow_v from_o the_o side_n plagas_fw-la of_o the_o east_n or_o from_o the_o east_n continual_o towards_o the_o west_n refrigerate_v the_o maritime_a place_n which_o regard_v the_o east_n as_o brazilia_n the_o oriental_a coast_n of_o africa_n but_o not_o so_o to_o those_o towards_o the_o west_n as_o guiney_n congo_n angola_n and_o the_o coast_n of_o peru._n some_o wind_n be_v appropriate_v as_o the_o south_n in_o peru_n which_o wind_n dispel_v vapour_n towards_o the_o plaga_fw-la in_o which_o they_o blow_v some_o be_v fix_v wind_n of_o which_o we_o have_v large_o treat_v in_o the_o one_o and_o twenty_o chapter_n now_o these_o wind_n do_v very_o much_o disturb_v the_o celestial_a cause_n of_o the_o season_n for_o they_o be_v almost_o as_o equal_o constant_a and_o observe_v order_n as_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heaven_n itself_o they_o bring_v down_o the_o air_n compel_v the_o vapour_n towards_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n and_o by_o other_o mode_n alter_v the_o season_n ten_o anniversary_n rain_n be_v in_o many_o place_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n and_o take_v away_o the_o celestial_a cause_n see_v that_o they_o be_v as_o equal_o constant_a as_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n itself_o for_o those_o err_v who_o suppose_v that_o this_o our_o sublunary_a orb_n observe_v all_o with_o inconstancy_n and_o without_o order_n and_o that_o the_o celestial_a only_o have_v a_o constant_a motion_n see_v that_o the_o cause_n hitherto_o speak_v of_o be_v so_o various_a to_o be_v able_a to_o cause_v the_o heat_n and_o the_o property_n of_o the_o season_n and_o in_o one_o place_n some_o be_v from_o other_o cause_n in_o another_o other_o be_v of_o force_n or_o concur_v in_o divers_a season_n of_o the_o year_n or_o mutual_o impede_fw-la one_o another_o hence_o we_o discover_v why_o the_o cause_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o season_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n be_v so_o various_a proposition_n xi_o how_o the_o spring_n summer_n autumn_n and_o winter_n terrestrial_a do_v behave_v themselves_o and_o in_o what_o month_n of_o the_o year_n they_o commence_v in_o the_o divers_a place_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n zone_n of_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o season_n in_o place_n in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n we_o have_v say_v before_o and_o especial_o in_o the_o second_o proposition_n that_o
above_o almost_o make_v up_o and_o moderate_v they_o to_o wit_n in_o the_o region_n of_o the_o northern_a temperate_a zone_n it_o be_v spring_n and_o summer_n the_o sun_n go_v from_o aries_n by_o cancer_n to_o libra_n because_o than_o he_o be_v more_o near_o they_o then_o the_o sun_n go_v from_o libra_n through_o capricorn_n to_o aries_n it_o be_v autumn_n and_o winter_n but_o in_o the_o southern_a temperate_a zone_n the_o matter_n be_v contrary_a neither_o can_v those_o other_o cause_n altogether_o disable_v the_o force_n of_o this_o first_o and_o induce_v a_o new_a course_n of_o the_o season_n and_o be_v able_a to_o alter_v the_o time_n as_o in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n 2._o yet_o those_o season_n of_o divers_a place_n vary_v so_o that_o in_o one_o place_n there_o may_v be_v more_o heat_n or_o cold_a or_o rain_v than_o in_o another_o although_o the_o place_n lie_v in_o the_o same_o climate_n but_o yet_o they_o cause_v not_o the_o winter_n to_o be_v change_v into_o summer_n or_o 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time_n the_o air_n be_v most_o grateful_a to_o they_o if_o from_o the_o 25_o of_o april_n to_o the_o 5_o of_o may_v they_o have_v no_o rain_n they_o esteem_v the_o same_o as_o ominous_a they_o count_v their_o summer_n even_o to_o the_o 16_o of_o august_n at_o which_o time_n they_o have_v a_o very_a hot_a and_o serene_a air._n their_o autumn_n from_o the_o 17_o of_o august_n to_o the_o 16_o of_o november_n and_o they_o have_v that_o for_o two_o month_n to_o wit_n august_n and_o september_n yet_o not_o great_a that_o which_o be_v include_v between_o the_o 15_o of_o august_n and_o the_o 15_o of_o september_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v term_v by_o the_o ancient_n the_o furnace_n of_o the_o whole_a year_n and_o that_o because_o it_o produce_v fig_n pear_n and_o that_o kind_a of_o fruit_n to_o maturity_n from_o the_o 15_o of_o november_n they_o reckon_v their_o winter_n which_o they_o extend_v to_o the_o 14_o of_o february_n at_o the_o entrance_n of_o this_o they_o begin_v to_o till_o their_o 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even_o to_o april_n they_o have_v a_o continual_a winter_n and_o from_o april_n again_o to_o october_n they_o have_v summer_n in_o this_o there_o be_v no_o day_n in_o which_o the_o mountain_n top_n glitter_v with_o snow_n numidia_n the_o season_n of_o numidia_n in_o numidia_n the_o part_n of_o the_o year_n swift_o pass_v away_o for_o in_o may_v they_o reap_v their_o corn_n in_o october_n they_o gather_v their_o date_n but_o from_o the_o middle_n of_o september_n to_o january_n a_o violent_a frost_n continue_v october_n abstain_v from_o rains_n all_o hope_n of_o sow_v be_v take_v from_o the_o husbandman_n the_o same_o happen_v if_o that_o april_n produce_v not_o pluvial_a water_n leo_fw-la astricanus_fw-la remember_v many_o mountain_n of_o snow_n in_o africa_n not_o far_o from_o the_o tropic_a of_o cancer_n china_n of_o china_n the_o north_n part_n of_o china_n although_o no_o more_o remote_a from_o the_o aequator_fw-la than_o italy_n yet_o it_o have_v a_o cold_a more_o sharp_a for_o 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vicine_fw-la place_n be_v to_o be_v find_v whereby_o it_o may_v come_v unto_o those_o northern_a region_n see_v that_o therefore_o this_o flux_n be_v perpetual_a neither_o do_v the_o water_n come_v by_o a_o manifest_a way_n unto_o those_o region_n whence_o the_o flux_n be_v make_v therefore_o it_o seem_v necessary_a to_o conclude_v that_o the_o water_n come_v through_o subterraneous_a passage_n unto_o those_o northern_a region_n and_o so_o there_o to_o be_v effuse_v from_o the_o hole_n of_o the_o channel_n as_o from_o a_o spring_n and_o that_o the_o water_n move_v hence_o towards_o the_o south_n there_o fall_v in_o another_o cause_n take_v from_o the_o former_a for_o the_o water_n of_o the_o ocean_n in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n be_v more_o heavy_a than_o that_o in_o the_o northern_a place_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a abundance_n of_o salt_n as_o we_o have_v prove_v in_o the_o eight_o and_o twelve_o proposition_n therefore_o the_o water_n or_o ocean_n in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n do_v 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draw_v by_o divers_a in_o the_o ocean_n at_o the_o depth_n of_o four_o or_o five_o orgya_n and_o the_o like_a fountain_n be_v find_v in_o other_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n and_o bays_n unto_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o few_o such_o spring_n have_v yet_o be_v find_v which_o suffice_v not_o the_o vast_a ocean_n neither_o do_v we_o dispute_v concern_v these_o fountain_n as_o we_o have_v say_v before_o hence_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o in_o some_o sort_n it_o be_v true_a and_o we_o may_v well_o say_v that_o the_o ocean_n have_v spring_n but_o not_o in_o that_o sense_n that_o we_o be_v wont_v to_o speak_v concern_v the_o spring_n of_o river_n and_o in_o which_o we_o will_v have_v our_o proposition_n to_o be_v take_v hence_o also_o it_o be_v manifest_v what_o we_o ought_v to_o think_v concern_v that_o question_n viz._n whether_o the_o sea_n be_v always_o one_o and_o the_o same_o and_o perpetual_o so_o remain_v or_o whether_o it_o be_v another_o thing_n who_o part_n be_v perpetual_o consume_v and_o generate_v again_o proposition_n viii_o the_o saltness_n of_o the_o water_n proceed_v from_o the_o particle_n of_o salt_n which_o be_v mix_v with_o it_o but_o whence_o they_o may_v exist_v or_o be_v so_o augment_v be_v the_o doubt_n sea-water_n of_o the_o saltness_n of_o the_o sea-water_n experlence_n prove_v the_o first_o member_n of_o the_o proposition_n by_o which_o it_o be_v common_o know_v that_o salt_n be_v make_v of_o sea-water_n by_o decoction_n of_o the_o water_n or_o by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o the_o fervour_n of_o the_o fire_n in_o germany_n and_o other_o place_n the_o water_n be_v separate_v by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o fire_n in_o france_n the_o great_a heat_n of_o the_o sun_n perform_v the_o same_o the_o ocean_n be_v let_v into_o certain_a trench_n make_v in_o which_o in_o the_o space_n of_o some_o month_n the_o water_n be_v exhale_v by_o the_o force_n of_o the_o sun_n make_v of_o salt_n and_o of_o what_o make_v concrete_v and_o hard_a salt_n be_v find_v on_o the_o shore_n of_o many_o region_n as_o of_o england_n and_o other_o part_n plenty_n of_o bay-salt_n be_v find_v the_o sea-water_n continual_o overflow_a those_o shore_n leave_v daily_o some_o particle_n or_o humour_n from_o which_o the_o water_n exhale_v and_o concrete_a salt_n be_v leave_v who_o blackness_n be_v take_v away_o by_o boil_v although_o it_o be_v wash_v away_o and_o dissolve_v from_o many_o coast_n by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o ocean_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o it_o be_v not_o find_v on_o all_o coast_n see_v therefore_o that_o this_o experiment_n be_v common_a aristotle_n have_v small_a reason_n to_o allege_v a_o false_a experiment_n concern_v a_o waxen_a vessel_n let_v down_o into_o the_o sea_n hence_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o proximate_a cause_n of_o the_o saltness_n of_o the_o sea-water_n or_o the_o true_a subject_n of_o this_o saltness_n be_v the_o saline_n particle_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o that_o water_n therefore_o the_o 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opinion_n because_o that_o from_o thence_o he_o may_v render_v a_o reason_n why_o the_o sea_n be_v always_o salt_n but_o other_o peripatetic_n will_v have_v it_o and_o so_o do_v endeavour_v to_o draw_v aristotle_n to_o their_o part_n that_o this_o saltness_n be_v in_o the_o sea_n itself_o by_o reason_n that_o it_o be_v perpetual_o scorch_v by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n a_o sign_n of_o which_o be_v that_o the_o water_n be_v find_v by_o so_o much_o the_o less_o salt_n by_o how_o much_o it_o be_v more_o deep_a or_o remote_a from_o the_o superficies_n for_o in_o the_o superficies_n we_o discover_v it_o to_o be_v most_o salt_n both_o these_o opinion_n be_v obstruct_v with_o great_a difficulty_n and_o absurdity_n so_o that_o it_o seem_v wonderful_a that_o the_o mind_n of_o philosopher_n and_o learned_a man_n can_v acquiesce_v in_o they_o first_o the_o opinion_n of_o aristotle_n be_v thus_o obstruct_a that_o salt-rain_n shall_v be_v find_v in_o the_o ocean_n which_o never_o yet_o be_v find_v to_o be_v void_a of_o all_o taste_n of_o salt_n second_o the_o sea_n shall_v be_v less_o salt_n when_o it_o rain_v not_o for_o a_o long_a time_n the_o contrary_a of_o which_o yet_o be_v find_v the_o other_o opinion_n have_v these_o difficulty_n 1._o it_o be_v false_a that_o the_o water_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v find_v the_o less_o salt_n by_o how_o much_o they_o be_v nigh_o to_o the_o bottom_n for_o there_o be_v few_o place_n viz._n in_o those_o bottom_n where_o spring_n of_o fresh_a water_n do_v flow_v 2._o experience_n testify_v that_o fresh_a water_n although_o long_o expose_v to_o the_o sun_n or_o heat_n of_o the_o fire_n yet_o do_v not_o become_v salt_n this_o objection_n scaliger_n endeavour_v to_o avoid_v by_o a_o overnice_a subtlety_n for_o he_o say_v that_o this_o happen_v in_o these_o observation_n by_o reason_n of_o
the_o exiguity_n of_o the_o water_n which_o do_v not_o grow_v thick_a but_o resolve_v for_o although_o you_o take_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o water_n and_o that_o you_o provoke_v with_o a_o light_n and_o gentle_a fire_n that_o the_o resolution_n may_v be_v impede_v yet_o the_o water_n acquire_v no_o salt_n taste_v 3._o lake_n and_o marsh_n though_o heat_v by_o the_o sun_n yet_o wax_v not_o salt_n this_o objection_n also_o scaliger_n endeavour_v to_o avoid_v say_v that_o this_o happen_v by_o the_o succession_n of_o fresh_a water_n and_o the_o same_o be_v find_v in_o those_o stand_a pool_n and_o lake_n which_o only_o proceed_v from_o rain_n or_o snow_n dissolve_v where_o there_o be_v no_o place_n for_o that_o refuge_n of_o succession_n for_o those_o lake_n be_v rather_o dry_v when_o that_o it_o rain_v not_o for_o a_o long_a space_n than_o turn_v into_o salt_n or_o render_v salt_n therefore_o reject_v those_o false_a opinion_n concern_v the_o cause_n and_o original_n of_o salt_n in_o the_o ocean_n let_v we_o lay_v hold_n of_o one_o of_o the_o most_o probable_a opinion_n with_o little_a or_o no_o difficulty_n in_o it_o viz._n 1._o that_o these_o particle_n be_v coeternal_a with_o the_o very_a ocean_n and_o therefore_o we_o shall_v no_o more_o dispute_v concern_v their_o original_n than_o concern_v the_o original_n of_o the_o ocean_n itself_o the_o earth_n yea_o and_o of_o the_o original_n and_o generation_n of_o the_o world_n 2._o if_o that_o this_o opinion_n be_v less_o complacent_fw-la we_o may_v make_v choice_n of_o another_o viz._n that_o these_o salt_n particle_n be_v here_o and_o there_o pull_v from_o the_o earth_n and_o so_o dissolve_v into_o water_n now_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o there_o be_v many_o saline_a mountain_n or_o rock_n in_o the_o bosom_n of_o the_o sea_n rock_n isle_n of_o ormus_n a_o salt_n rock_n the_o whole_a isle_n of_o ormus_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o white_a and_o hard_a salt_n of_o which_o they_o make_v the_o wall_n of_o their_o house_n and_o therefore_o no_o fountain_n of_o fresh_a water_n be_v find_v in_o that_o isle_n and_o none_o can_v be_v ignorant_a how_o that_o many_o mine_n of_o salt_n be_v find_v on_o the_o land_n and_o we_o have_v relate_v concern_v some_o in_o the_o eleven_o chapter_n but_o we_o need_v not_o particular_n let_v we_o consider_v the_o whole_a earth_n it_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n have_v much_o salt_n in_o it_o the_o great_a part_n of_o which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o salt_n for_o it_o have_v its_o consistency_n from_o salt_n for_o the_o chemical_a philosopher_n do_v right_o prove_v that_o the_o consistency_n and_o compaction_n of_o every_o thing_n proceed_v from_o salt_n and_o experience_n be_v answerable_a to_o the_o assertion_n for_o if_o that_o you_o take_v a_o hard_a piece_n of_o earth_n and_o burn_v it_o to_o ash_n much_o salt_n will_v be_v find_v in_o it_o nothing_o can_v be_v allege_v against_o this_o opinion_n that_o be_v of_o any_o value_n and_o be_v not_o easy_o refute_v for_o some_o say_v that_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o those_o salt_n part_n of_o the_o earth_n shall_v perpetual_o suffice_v and_o shall_v not_o at_o some_o time_n or_o other_o be_v consume_v by_o the_o water_n of_o the_o ocean_n which_o continual_o take_v away_o some_o part_n of_o they_o unto_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o the_o salt_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v not_o consume_v in_o so_o great_a abundance_n that_o it_o shall_v stand_v in_o need_n of_o much_o instauration_n and_o if_o that_o any_o be_v consume_v yet_o notwithstanding_o that_o be_v lay_v up_o in_o another_o place_n see_v that_o it_o be_v not_o remove_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n proposition_n ix_o whether_o that_o water_n be_v the_o fresh_a in_o the_o ocean_n by_o how_o much_o it_o be_v nigh_a the_o bottom_n and_o why_o in_o some_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n fresh_a water_n be_v find_v in_o the_o bottom_n sea_n of_o the_o freshness_n of_o water_n in_o the_o sea_n unto_o the_o first_o i_o answer_v that_o experience_n do_v not_o testify_v concern_v that_o sweetness_n but_o in_o some_o place_n of_o which_o the_o other_o question_n speak_v that_o in_o these_o place_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v fountain_n of_o fresh_a water_n i_o have_v sufficient_o say_v for_o it_o can_v natural_o be_v that_o the_o more_o salt-water_n shall_v exist_v above_o water_n less_o salt_n see_v that_o that_o be_v more_o heavy_a those_o place_n of_o the_o sea_n where_o fresh_a water_n be_v find_v to_o spring_v at_o the_o bottom_n may_v be_v collect_v by_o those_o that_o be_v studious_a from_o the_o writer_n of_o geography_n proposition_n x._o the_o water_n of_o the_o ocean_n become_v less_o salt_n by_o how_o much_o it_o be_v near_o the_o pole_n and_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o more_o salt_n by_o how_o much_o it_o be_v more_o near_o the_o aequator_fw-la or_o torrid_a zone_n although_o this_o may_v be_v understand_v of_o most_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n yet_o the_o proposition_n admit_v of_o some_o exception_n the_o cause_n of_o this_o inequality_n in_o saltness_n be_v sixfold_a place_n the_o cause_n of_o the_o inequality_n of_o the_o saltness_n of_o the_o sea_n in_o different_a place_n 1._o that_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n lift_v up_o more_o vapour_n from_o the_o ocean_n into_o the_o cloud_n than_o in_o the_o northern_a place_n which_o be_v the_o vapour_n of_o freshwater_n because_o that_o the_o particle_n of_o salt_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o gravity_n be_v not_o so_o easy_o lift_v up_o see_v therefore_o that_o from_o the_o water_n of_o the_o ocean_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n or_o where_o the_o place_n be_v more_o near_o the_o torrid_a zone_n so_o much_o the_o vapour_n be_v separate_v by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n thence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o water_n that_o be_v lest_o be_v find_v more_o salt_n there_o than_o in_o the_o northern_a place_n where_o there_o be_v not_o so_o much_o freshwater_n separate_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o weak_a heat_n of_o the_o sun_n cause_n the_o second_o cause_n 2._o the_o second_o cause_n be_v the_o heat_n or_o cold_a of_o the_o water_n for_o the_o same_o numerical_a water_n or_o salt_n meat_n as_o also_o pickle_a meat_n sauce_n and_o the_o like_a afford_v a_o more_o sensible_a saltness_n to_o the_o taste_n when_o they_o be_v eat_v hot_a than_o when_o cold_a for_o the_o heat_n or_o particle_n of_o the_o fire_n do_v move_v and_o render_v the_o particle_n of_o the_o salt_n contain_v in_o such_o meat_n more_o acute_a and_o separate_v they_o from_o the_o admixture_n whence_o they_o bite_v and_o prick_v the_o tongue_n more_o sharp_o now_o because_o the_o water_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v the_o more_o hot_a by_o how_o much_o it_o be_v nigh_a the_o aequator_fw-la or_o the_o parallel_n of_o the_o sun_n at_o every_o day_n and_o contrariwise_o the_o more_o cold_a by_o how_o much_o it_o be_v more_o near_o the_o pole_n thence_o it_o follow_v that_o water_n though_o they_o shall_v contain_v the_o same_o quantity_n of_o salt_n yet_o they_o must_v seem_v and_o appear_v so_o much_o the_o salt_a to_o the_o taste_n by_o how_o much_o they_o be_v near_o to_o the_o torrid_a zone_n and_o by_o how_o much_o they_o be_v more_o near_o the_o pole_n by_o so_o much_o they_o have_v less_o sensible_a salt_n cause_n the_o 3d_o cause_n 3._o the_o three_o cause_n be_v the_o more_o or_o less_o quantity_n of_o salt_n in_o the_o diverse_a part_n of_o the_o channel_n of_o the_o ocean_n for_o as_o we_o find_v in_o the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n that_o there_o be_v not_o pit_n of_o salt_n in_o they_o all_o neither_o where_o they_o be_v find_v be_v there_o the_o like_a quantity_n of_o salt_n must_v be_v hold_v concern_v the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n that_o the_o sea_n wash_v or_o cover_v that_o be_v the_o channel_n or_o the_o shore_n where_o there_o be_v therefore_o most_o quantity_n of_o salt_n or_o mineral_n in_o the_o bottom_n or_o shore_n of_o the_o ocean_n there_o the_o water_n be_v more_o salt_n because_o that_o it_o be_v impregnate_v with_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o salt_n so_o the_o isle_n of_o ormus_n consist_v all_o of_o salt_n therefore_o the_o adjacent_a ocean_n have_v very_a salt_n water_n but_o whether_o there_o be_v great_a plenty_n of_o salt_n in_o the_o channel_n and_o shore_n of_o the_o ocean_n in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n or_o more_o saline_a mine_n than_o in_o the_o north_n be_v very_o doubtful_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o want_n of_o observation_n yet_o it_o seem_v probable_a unto_o some_o that_o there_o be_v great_a quantity_n of_o salt_n in_o those_o place_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a heat_n of_o the_o sun_n by_o which_o the_o part_n of_o the_o water_n be_v separate_v from_o the_o terrestrial_a and_o
salt_n but_o this_o be_v a_o deceitful_a sign_n cause_n the_o four_o cause_n 4._o the_o four_o cause_n of_o the_o unequal_a saltness_n be_v the_o frequency_n or_o scarcity_n of_o rains_n unto_o which_o we_o may_v add_v snow_n and_o in_o the_o northern_a place_n snow_n and_o rain_n be_v frequent_a in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n they_o be_v less_o frequent_a in_o some_o part_n of_o the_o year_n and_o in_o othersome_a they_o be_v almost_o continual_a and_o therefore_o in_o these_o place_n in_o the_o pluvial_a month_n the_o water_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v not_o so_o salt_n on_o the_o shore_n and_o have_v less_o salt_n in_o it_o than_o in_o the_o dry_a month_n yea_o in_o many_o region_n of_o the_o coast_n of_o malabar_n the_o ocean_n be_v fresh_a in_o the_o pluvial_a month_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o abundance_n of_o water_n that_o flow_v from_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n gatis_n and_o fall_v into_o the_o sea_n for_o this_o very_a reason_n in_o divers_a season_n of_o the_o year_n the_o same_o ocean_n be_v of_o a_o various_a saltness_n yet_o because_o in_o the_o northern_a place_n the_o rain_n and_o snow_n be_v continual_a throughout_o the_o whole_a year_n therefore_o this_o sea_n be_v less_o salt_n than_o in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n cause_n the_o 5_o cause_n 5._o the_o five_o cause_n be_v the_o dissimilary_a solution_n or_o unequal_a faculty_n of_o the_o water_n to_o dissolve_v this_o salt_n and_o unite_v it_o to_o its_o self_n for_o hot_a water_n soon_o unit_v salt_n unto_o itself_o then_o cold_a water_n although_o therefore_o in_o the_o northern_a place_n of_o the_o ocean_n the_o shore_n and_o channel_n of_o the_o same_o contain_v more_o or_o the_o like_a quantity_n of_o salt_n that_o those_o place_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n do_v yet_o because_o the_o water_n be_v there_o more_o cold_a it_o be_v not_o so_o able_a to_o dissolve_v and_o unite_v the_o salt_n to_o itself_o so_o subtle_o we_o the_o water_n in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n which_o be_v more_o hot_a cause_n the_o 6_o cause_n 6._o the_o six_o cause_n be_v the_o exoneration_n of_o many_o and_o great_a river_n into_o the_o sea_n but_o this_o cause_n only_o take_v place_n in_o the_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n that_o be_v vicine_fw-la to_o the_o shore_n but_o be_v not_o discover_v in_o the_o remote_a part_n so_o mariner_n affirm_v that_o the_o ocean_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o brasilia_n where_o the_o silver-river_n disburthen_v itself_o lose_v it_o saltness_n and_o afford_v fresh_a water_n fifteen_o mile_n distant_a from_o the_o shore_n the_o same_o be_v observe_v of_o the_o african_a ocean_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o congi_n where_o the_o river_n zaire_n exonerate_v itself_o and_o of_o many_o more_o river_n unto_o these_o add_v run_v fountain_n in_o some_o part_n of_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o ocean_n these_o be_v the_o cause_n which_o seem_v to_o concur_v to_o the_o variety_n and_o diversity_n of_o saltness_n in_o divers_a part_n of_o the_o ocean_n from_o which_o the_o saltness_n of_o every_o one_o of_o the_o sea_n may_v be_v explain_v from_o whence_o also_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o give_v a_o account_n why_o the_o water_n of_o the_o german_a and_o northern_a ocean_n be_v less_o apt_a to_o separate_v salt_n from_o itself_o by_o coction_n than_o the_o water_n of_o the_o spanish_a ocean_n the_o canary_n isle_n and_o that_o of_o cape_n verd_fw-mi whence_o the_o dutch_a fetch_v salt_n in_o great_a abundance_n and_o transport_v it_o into_o the_o northern_a region_n viz._n this_o ocean_n be_v more_o near_o the_o torrid_a zone_n and_o receive_v water_n from_o the_o ocean_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n the_o other_o be_v more_o remote_a from_o the_o frigid_a zone_n yet_o i_o can_v deny_v the_o constitution_n of_o the_o channel_n themselves_o to_o be_v more_o or_o less_o saline_a the_o sea-water_n at_o guinee_n in_o the_o ethiopic_a ocean_n afford_v salt_n at_o one_o coction_n as_o white_a as_o snow_n such_o as_o neither_o the_o spanish_a ocean_n nor_o any_o other_o in_o europe_n do_v produce_v at_o one_o coction_n or_o boil_a proposition_n xi_o why_o rain-water_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v find_v sweet_a but_o the_o water_n which_o we_o separate_v from_o the_o marine_a or_o salt-water_n either_o by_o decoction_n or_o distillation_n be_v yet_o notwithstanding_o find_v salt_n when_o yet_o the_o rain-water_n proceed_v from_o the_o vapour_n exhale_v from_o the_o sea_n salt-water_n freshwater_n abstract_v from_o salt-water_n the_o learned_a chemist_n or_o true_a naturalist_n have_v hitherto_o labour_v in_o vain_a that_o they_o may_v find_v out_o a_o art_n by_o which_o they_o may_v distil_v and_o abstract_n fresh_a water_n from_o the_o water_n of_o the_o ocean_n which_o will_v be_v of_o great_a advantage_n but_o as_o yet_o their_o labour_n have_v prove_v fruitless_a for_o although_o as_o well_o in_o the_o decoction_n as_o distillation_n salt_n may_v be_v leave_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o vessel_n yet_o the_o water_n separate_v by_o decoction_n as_o well_o as_o distillation_n be_v yet_o find_v salt_n and_o not_o fit_a for_o man_n to_o drink_v which_o seem_v wonderful_a unto_o those_o that_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o cause_n yet_o chemistry_n that_o be_v true_a philosophy_n have_v teach_v the_o reason_n for_o by_o the_o benefit_n of_o this_o we_o know_v that_o there_o be_v a_o twofold_a salt_n in_o body_n or_o two_o kind_n of_o salt_n which_o although_o they_o agree_v in_o taste_n yet_o they_o much_o differ_v in_o other_o quality_n one_o of_o these_o artist_n term_v fix_v the_o other_o volatile_a salt_n the_o fix_a salt_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o gravity_n be_v not_o elevate_v in_o distillation_n but_o remain_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o vessel_n but_o the_o volatile_a salt_n be_v full_a of_o spirit_n and_o indeed_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o most_o subtle_a spirit_n that_o be_v elevate_v by_o a_o very_a light_a fire_n and_o therefore_o in_o the_o distillation_n ascend_v with_o the_o fresh_a water_n and_o be_v more_o firm_o unite_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o subtlety_n of_o the_o atom_n neither_o be_v this_o volatile_a salt_n find_v only_o with_o fix_a salt_n in_o sea-water_n but_o almost_o in_o all_o body_n as_o chemistry_n prove_v by_o experience_n but_o in_o some_o in_o a_o great_a and_o in_o othersome_a in_o a_o lesser_a quantity_n in_o a_o great_a quantity_n in_o sharp_a taste_v herb_n in_o a_o lesser_a in_o oily_a herb_n therefore_o difficulty_n consist_v in_o the_o separation_n of_o this_o salt_n spirit_n or_o volatile_a salt_n from_o the_o water_n but_o why_o the_o pluvial_a water_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v no_o less_o fresh_a than_o on_o the_o land_n see_v that_o yet_o it_o be_v generate_v by_o abstraction_n of_o the_o exhalation_n of_o the_o ocean_n cause_v by_o the_o fervour_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o from_o some_o subterraneous_a fire_n which_o evaporation_n do_v little_o differ_v from_o distillation_n the_o cause_n seem_v to_o be_v fourfold_o 1._o a_o slow_a operation_n by_o which_o the_o tenuous_a part_n be_v only_o elevate_v from_o the_o ocean_n which_o although_o it_o contain_v a_o saline_a volatile_a spirit_n yet_o it_o have_v it_o in_o less_o quantity_n than_o if_o that_o this_o exhalation_n be_v cause_v by_o a_o more_o forcible_a heat_n 2._o the_o long_a way_n that_o this_o vapour_n pass_v through_o before_o that_o it_o arrive_v unto_o that_o region_n of_o the_o air_n where_o it_o be_v condensated_a into_o rain_n in_o passage_n it_o be_v possible_a that_o the_o saline_a spirit_n be_v by_o degree_n separate_v from_o the_o watery_a particle_n 3._o the_o admixture_n of_o other_o watery_a particle_n exist_v in_o the_o air_n 4._o a_o refrigeration_n coition_n and_o condensation_n of_o the_o vapour_n for_o these_o exhalation_n exhale_v from_o the_o ocean_n by_o degree_n be_v more_o and_o more_o refrigerated_a and_o be_v conjoin_v with_o other_o obvious_a and_o admix_v vapour_n they_o condense_a into_o a_o more_o thick_a vapour_n or_o cloud_n in_o this_o refrigeration_n and_o condensation_n or_o coition_n of_o the_o saline_a spirit_n with_o the_o fiery_a particle_n they_o fly_v into_o the_o more_o exalt_a part_n of_o the_o air._n now_o why_o the_o same_o be_v not_o perform_v in_o distillation_n where_o the_o vapour_n exalt_v be_v also_o condense_v the_o cause_n be_v 1._o that_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o small_a passage_n the_o saline_a spirit_n be_v as_o yet_o over_o strait_o conjoin_v to_o the_o watery_a particle_n 2._o that_o the_o vapour_n restrain_v in_o the_o vessel_n admit_v not_o a_o free_a passage_n to_o the_o evolant_fw-la spirit_n proposition_n xii_o sea-water_n be_v more_o ponderous_a than_o fresh_a water_n and_o the_o water_n of_o one_o sea_n be_v more_o heavy_a than_o another_o water_n sea_n water_n more_o heavy_a than_o fresh_a water_n the_o cause_n be_v manifest_a from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v
past_o eleven_o a_o clock_n in_o the_o river_n thames_n and_o other_o place_n of_o england_n difference_n a_o difficult_a task_n to_o explicate_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o difference_n now_o it_o be_v a_o most_o difficult_a task_n to_o explicate_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o so_o notable_a a_o difference_n and_o that_o in_o all_o place_n although_o it_o be_v incumbent_a on_o the_o philosopher_n or_o geographer_n yet_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o the_o various_a wind_n of_o the_o shore_n the_o situation_n of_o the_o coast_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o sea_n the_o obstacle_n of_o island_n the_o mutual_a meeting_n of_o the_o water_n the_o distance_n of_o the_o place_n from_o the_o lunary_n way_n various_a way_n especial_o those_o that_o be_v constant_a and_o general_a the_o decline_a of_o the_o shore_n and_o other_o thing_n do_v very_o much_o conduce_v to_o this_o propriety_n of_o the_o flux_n for_o example_n at_o the_o port_n of_o london_n in_o the_o coast_n of_o england_n the_o water_n increase_v until_o the_o moon_n come_v unto_o the_o quarter_n of_o the_o south-west_n viz._n when_o it_o decline_v from_o the_o ecliptic_a towards_o the_o south_n for_o then_o water_n begin_v to_o flow_v back_o again_o but_o not_o when_o the_o moon_n come_v to_o the_o meridian_n therefore_o we_o say_v that_o whilst_o the_o moon_n move_v to_o the_o meridian_n of_o london_n towards_o brazile_n or_o from_o brazile_n towards_o london_n the_o sea_n do_v not_o recede_v from_o london_n but_o be_v yet_o augment_v by_o reason_n that_o the_o coast_n of_o america_n unto_o which_o the_o ocean_n be_v move_v by_o the_o moon_n do_v repel_v that_o water_n towards_o england_n and_o this_o happen_v therefore_o because_o it_o afford_v not_o a_o passage_n for_o the_o water_n but_o why_o when_o the_o moon_n be_v decline_v from_o the_o ecliptic_a towards_o the_o north_n be_v the_o great_a altitude_n of_o the_o water_n and_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o decrease_v observe_v before_o the_o moon_n come_v to_o the_o meridian_n viz._n in_o the_o north-east_n i_o answer_v that_o this_o come_v to_o pass_v because_o that_o the_o moon_n be_v then_o far_o more_o near_o to_o england_n than_o when_o it_o decline_v from_o the_o ecliptic_a towards_o the_o south_n and_o therefore_o then_o it_o more_o swift_o fill_v but_o the_o cause_n why_o then_o the_o flux_n be_v no_o long_o protract_v even_o until_o the_o moon_n come_v to_o the_o meridian_n may_v be_v by_o reason_n that_o the_o moon_n force_v the_o sea_n more_o near_o the_o sea_n of_o mexico_n and_o hudsons_n strait_n where_o there_o be_v find_v a_o great_a intumescency_n and_o detumescency_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o china_n we_o therefore_o say_v that_o the_o intumescency_n do_v anticipate_v the_o appulse_n of_o the_o moon_n at_o the_o meridian_n by_o reason_n that_o a_o continnual_a east_n wind_n drive_v that_o sea_n towards_o the_o west_n but_o these_o allegation_n i_o leave_v to_o be_v far_o examine_v by_o the_o searcher_n of_o nature_n but_o for_o the_o find_v out_o of_o the_o true_a cause_n it_o be_v altogether_o necessary_a that_o we_o acquire_v accurate_a observation_n how_o the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v make_v in_o divers_a place_n viz._n in_o what_o vertical_a the_o moon_n be_v in_o that_o flux_n how_o the_o quarter_n be_v vary_v in_o a_o divers_a place_n of_o the_o moon_n as_o in_o the_o full_a and_o new_a especial_o in_o those_o place_n where_o the_o moon_n become_v vertical_a also_o in_o those_o which_o direct_o respect_v the_o east_n west_n and_o north._n also_o that_o must_v be_v diligent_o observe_v how_o the_o flux_n be_v here_o make_v in_o those_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n whilst_o that_o the_o moon_n be_v in_o the_o north_n part_n of_o her_o circle_n have_v not_o the_o sea_n place_v vertical_o under_o she_o but_o land_n in_o a_o long_a tract_n viz._n from_o cambaja_n and_o china_n even_o to_o the_o occidental_a coast_n of_o africa_n for_o because_o then_o that_o it_o do_v not_o direct_o press_v the_o water_n it_o be_v depend_v over_o the_o mediterranean_a place_n i_o thence_o suppose_v that_o some_o variety_n must_v happen_v to_o this_o motion_n also_o what_o then_o it_o do_v whilst_o the_o moon_n rule_v in_o the_o south_n hemisphere_n pass_v over_o the_o mediterranean_a part_n of_o brazile_n or_o southern_a america_n without_o these_o observation_n we_o shall_v hardly_o arrive_v at_o the_o true_a cause_n neither_o shall_v we_o neglect_v this_o argument_n proposition_n xix_o the_o sea_n flow_v to_o most_o coast_n in_o six_o hour_n and_o twelve_o minute_n and_o reflow_v also_o in_o so_o many_o hour_n less_o the_o sea_n in_o few_o place_n flow_v in_o more_o hour_n and_o reflow_v in_o less_o in_o very_o few_o place_n it_o flow_v in_o more_o hour_n and_o reflow_v in_o less_o and_o on_o the_o contrary_a in_o very_a few_o place_n it_o flow_v in_o few_o hour_n and_o reflow_v in_o more_o yet_o so_o that_o the_o time_n of_o the_o flux_n and_o deflux_n viz._n between_o the_o two_o great_a intumescency_n together_o make_v twelve_o hour_n with_o 24_o ⅛_n minute_n and_o two_o such_o time_n make_v 24_o hour_n with_o about_o 50_o minute_n 48_o ¾_n and_o therefore_o on_o every_o day_n the_o great_a intumescency_n fall_v out_o late_a almost_o by_o a_o hour_n because_o that_o the_o moon_n almost_o a_o entire_a hour_n return_v more_o slow_o to_o the_o same_o meridian_n every_o day_n we_o have_v sufficient_o explain_v the_o first_o part_n of_o the_o proposition_n in_o the_o demonstration_n of_o the_o eleven_o proposition_n although_o in_o this_o demonstration_n we_o have_v take_v the_o altitude_n of_o the_o sea_n the_o moon_n possess_v the_o meridian_n but_o in_o this_o proposition_n by_o reason_n that_o in_o the_o proceed_n we_o have_v show_v that_o in_o many_o place_n that_o altitude_n do_v happen_v the_o moon_n be_v constitute_v without_o the_o meridian_n we_o do_v not_o reckon_v in_o they_o the_o hour_n from_o the_o time_n in_o which_o the_o moon_n possess_v the_o meridian_n but_o for_o that_o time_n in_o which_o the_o moon_n occupi_v that_o vertical_a place_n in_o the_o which_o when_o that_o the_o moon_n be_v it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o great_a intumescency_n be_v yet_o in_o these_o place_n the_o period_n of_o the_o increment_n ot_fw-mi decrement_n do_v not_o exact_o observe_v these_o twelve_o hour_n witih_o twenty_o four_o minute_n or_o twenty_o four_o hour_n with_o fifty_o minute_n because_o that_o the_o moon_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o various_a and_o mutable_a distance_n from_o the_o vertex_fw-la either_o in_o more_o or_o few_o hour_n return_v to_o the_o same_o vertical_a which_o difference_n notwithstanding_o be_v not_o great_a although_o therefore_o in_o all_o place_n the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n be_v complete_v almost_o in_o twelve_o hour_n and_o twenty_o four_o minute_n when_o that_o there_o be_v no_o tempest_n also_o in_o most_o this_o time_n be_v equal_o divide_v between_o the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n so_o that_o in_o six_o hour_n it_o flow_v and_o in_o so_o many_o reflow_v yet_o in_o some_o place_n the_o time_n of_o the_o flux_n be_v unequal_a to_o the_o time_n of_o the_o deflux_n viz._n more_o or_o less_o france_n the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n of_o the_o ocean_n at_o the_o river_n garumna_n in_o france_n the_o ocean_n enter_v garumna_n a_o river_n in_o france_n in_o seven_o hour_n and_o reslow_v in_o five_o so_o at_o the_o port_n of_o maccoa_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o china_n the_o flux_n be_v in_o nine_o hour_n and_o reflow_v in_o three_o yea_o in_o less_o if_o that_o the_o eastern_a wind_n blow_v on_o the_o contrary_a at_o the_o coast_n of_o zenega_n a_o river_n of_o aethiopia_n the_o sea_n flow_v in_o four_o hour_n and_o reflow_v in_o eight_o the_o cause_n of_o these_o difference_n be_v difficult_a some_o refer_v they_o to_o the_o swift_a and_o valid_a efflux_n of_o the_o river_n or_o also_o to_o a_o simple_a efflux_n for_o therefore_o the_o shoar_n of_o garumna_n discover_v the_o flux_n in_o seven_o hour_n because_o that_o its_o strong_a motion_n retard_v the_o flux_n but_o yet_o assi_v the_o deflux_n therefore_o the_o sea_n reflow_v in_o five_o hour_n other_o have_v add_v those_o hour_n to_o the_o flux_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o sea_n reflowing_a from_o the_o more_o northern_a place_n hinder_v least_o the_o sea_n shall_v hinder_v the_o egress_n from_o garumna_n but_o rather_o be_v more_o force_v on_o it_o but_o i_o suppose_v therefore_o to_o be_v by_o reason_n that_o garumna_n pour_v forth_o itself_o by_o a_o strong_a motion_n from_o its_o inlet_n or_o mouth_n into_o the_o ocean_n for_o some_o distance_n this_o efflux_n be_v prohibit_v on_o some_o part_n from_o the_o sea_n and_o so_o the_o water_n of_o garumna_n be_v at_o a_o stand_v also_o for_o some_o space_n before_o that_o the_o sea_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o moon_n enter_v its_o
horizon_n but_o oblique_a yet_o it_o be_v not_o general_a that_o the_o wind_n proceed_v in_o a_o perpendicular_a way_n to_o the_o horizon_n because_o that_o oftentimes_o in_o the_o air_n transverse_a blast_n be_v find_v so_o we_o see_v that_o smoak_n come_v forth_o of_o a_o chimney_n be_v not_o carry_v by_o the_o wind_n towards_o one_o quarter_n but_o part_n of_o it_o be_v carry_v unto_o other_o quarter_n proposition_n xii_o why_o the_o wind_n blow_v by_o a_o interrupt_a force_n so_o that_o sometime_o they_o cease_v and_o other_o some_o as_o it_o be_v with_o redouble_a strength_n they_o return_v with_o the_o great_a importunity_n and_o why_o that_o they_o seem_v more_o continual_o to_o blow_v on_o the_o sea_n so_o that_o it_o be_v discover_v less_o calm_a force_n the_o wind_n 〈◊〉_d blow_n by_o a_o interrupt_a force_n i_o suppose_v the_o reason_n to_o be_v that_o the_o cause_n that_o move_v or_o stir_v up_o the_o wind_n continue_v not_o always_o but_o that_o some_o space_n be_v require_v unto_o the_o collection_n of_o such_o a_o quantity_n which_o by_o such_o a_o vehemency_n may_v break_v through_o the_o air_n and_o therefore_o because_o that_o exhalation_n be_v more_o continual_a in_o the_o air_n and_o the_o motion_n be_v less_o impede_v there_o the_o calm_a in_o the_o ocean_n be_v less_o discover_v although_o that_o it_o be_v not_o whole_o remove_v proposition_n xiii_o why_o no_o wind_n blow_v perpendicular_o from_o the_o air_n unto_o the_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n concern_v this_o question_n meteor_n see_v aristotle_n lib._n 2._o chap._n 9_o of_o meteor_n aristotle_n in_o his_o second_o book_n chap._n 9_o of_o meteor_n treat_v very_o absurd_o so_o that_o the_o peripatetic_n be_v not_o agree_v concern_v his_o opinion_n neither_o shall_v i_o in_o this_o place_n relate_v their_o sentiment_n the_o cause_n seem_v easy_o to_o be_v explain_v viz._n that_o the_o air_n be_v thrust_v downward_o towards_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n can_v break_v through_o this_o way_n by_o reason_n that_o other_o vapour_n be_v expel_v or_o bear_v upward_o and_o therefore_o the_o overmuch_a resistance_n of_o the_o air_n which_o be_v direct_o situate_v under_o the_o air_n move_v cause_v the_o protrusion_n to_o be_v make_v to_o the_o side_n of_o the_o place_n in_o which_o the_o violence_n begin_v which_o be_v therefore_o the_o more_o probable_a see_v that_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o wind_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n more_o light_a than_o that_o air_n and_o that_o be_v more_o rarify_v than_o that_o which_o be_v more_o near_o unto_o the_o earth_n proposition_n fourteen_o why_o westerly-wind_n be_v less_o frequent_a than_o easterly-wind_n 10._o see_v proposition_n 10._o the_o cause_n of_o this_o be_v manifest_a from_o the_o ten_o proposition_n where_o we_o have_v make_v the_o sun_n to_o be_v the_o first_o cause_n of_o wind_n who_o so_o rarifi_v the_o air_n proceed_v from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o west_n and_o therefore_o the_o air_n be_v more_o thrust_v towards_o the_o west_n therefore_o that_o this_o general_a cause_n may_v be_v impede_v of_o necessity_n very_o many_o exhalation_n must_v consist_v in_o the_o western_a quarter_n which_o do_v happen_v less_o frequent_o proposition_n xv._o why_o the_o northern_a and_o eastern-wind_n be_v more_o impetuous_a and_o stormy_a and_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o southern_a and_o western_a more_o relax_v and_o weak_a western_a the_o northern_a and_o eastern_a wind_n more_o stormy_a than_o the_o southern_a and_o western_a the_o cause_n be_v by_o reason_n that_o the_o northern_a air_n be_v more_o thick_a by_o reason_n of_o cold_a and_o the_o southern_a in_o our_o zone_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a dissipation_n cause_v by_o the_o sun_n and_o heat_n be_v more_o rarify_v now_o by_o how_o much_o the_o air_n be_v more_o rarify_v by_o so_o much_o the_o lesser_a be_v it_o carry_v with_o a_o impetuous_a force_n yet_o you_o must_v know_v that_o the_o south-wind_n be_v cold_a dry_a and_o violent_a in_o the_o temperate_a zone_n or_o the_o arctic_a zone_n oppose_v to_o we_o no_o less_o than_o the_o northern-wind_n be_v unto_o we_o but_o the_o eastern-wind_n be_v more_o rigid_a or_o more_o intense_a for_o another_o cause_n viz._n because_o that_o it_o arise_v for_o the_o most_o part_n from_o the_o refraction_n of_o the_o air_n make_v by_o the_o sun_n which_o be_v continual_o carry_v from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o west_n the_o air_n also_o be_v thrust_v forward_o with_o the_o great_a violence_n from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o west_n but_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o other_o cause_n may_v accede_v that_o may_v either_o help_v or_o obstruct_v that_o violence_n proposition_n xvi_o why_o the_o southern_o and_o westernly-wind_n be_v find_v more_o hot_a than_o the_o eastern_o and_o northern_o which_o have_v a_o wonderful_a power_n of_o cause_v cold_a in_o respect_n of_o they_o western_o the_o southern_a and_o western_a wind_n be_v find_v more_o hot_a than_o the_o eastern_o and_o western_o so_o this_o question_n be_v wont_v vulgar_o to_o be_v propound_v yet_o we_o must_v know_v that_o in_o must_v not_o general_o be_v understand_v of_o all_o place_n but_o only_o concern_v the_o place_n of_o our_o zone_n for_o in_o the_o other_o temperate_a zone_n situate_v towards_o the_o south_n from_o the_o aequator_fw-la the_o contrary_a hold_v true_a because_o that_o in_o these_o place_n the_o northern-wind_n be_v hot_a or_o warm_a and_o the_o southren_n be_v find_v more_o cold_a and_o so_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n and_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o cause_n require_v for_o the_o reason_n why_o the_o southwind_n be_v discover_v more_o warm_a to_o we_o and_o the_o north_n more_o cold_a proceed_v hence_o viz._n that_o the_o south-wind_n come_v from_o a_o quarter_n and_o place_n more_o near_o unto_o the_o torrid_a zone_n or_o way_n of_o the_o sun_n but_o the_o northern_a place_n more_o remote_a from_o that_o way_n of_o the_o sun_n that_o be_v from_o more_o cold_a place_n but_o the_o contrary_n be_v find_v in_o place_n situate_v towards_o the_o antarctic_a pole_n from_o the_o aequator_fw-la because_o that_o the_o northern-wind_n approach_v to_o they_o from_o the_o way_n of_o the_o sun_n the_o southern_a from_o the_o place_n more_o near_o the_o pole_n but_o as_o concern_v the_o eastern_a and_o western-wind_n i_o must_v answer_v otherwise_o neither_o do_v that_o diversity_n of_o the_o place_n of_o our_o zone_n and_o that_o of_o the_o opposite_a here_o take_v place_n therefore_o first_o it_o be_v say_v in_o the_o precede_a proposition_n that_o the_o western-wind_n be_v less_o frequent_a in_o all_o place_n the_o cause_n of_o which_o be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o by_o reason_n of_o which_o the_o occidental_a wind_n be_v discover_v more_o warm_a viz._n because_o that_o for_o the_o most_o part_n they_o blow_v in_o the_o night_n and_o after_o the_o set_n of_o the_o sun_n where_o the_o air_n that_o be_v thrust_v forward_o towards_o our_o place_n be_v more_o calid_a 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or_o force_v in_o and_o therefore_o a_o general_a wind_n be_v consider_v especial_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o sea_n most_o remote_a from_o the_o land_n 2._o yet_o another_o wind_n may_v also_o blow_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o sea_n viz._n if_o that_o in_o another_o a_o cloud_n or_o other_o cause_n generate_a of_o a_o wind_n be_v very_o great_a from_o these_o two_o cause_n it_o happen_v that_o a_o general_a wind_n be_v less_o or_o more_o constant_a or_o continual_a in_o divers_a placer_fw-la now_o the_o general_a wind_n be_v only_o find_v in_o the_o sea_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n or_o that_o which_o lie_v between_o the_o tropic_n about_o the_o whole_a earth_n yet_o in_o some_o place_n it_o extend_v itself_o without_o the_o tropic_n the_o space_n of_o 7_o degree_n and_o they_o be_v call_v eastern_a that_o be_v the_o east-wind_n or_o collateral_a to_o the_o east_n as_o the_o southeast_n north-east_n viz._n which_o blow_n from_o the_o east_n towards_o the_o west_n for_o the_o whole_a year_n but_o they_o do_v not_o consist_v with_o the_o like_a constancy_n in_o all_o the_o part_n of_o that_o sea_n but_o in_o some_o they_o be_v more_o hinder_v and_o in_o some_o less_o they_o be_v more_o constant_a in_o the_o pacifick_n ocean_n viz._n in_o that_o part_n of_o it_o which_o lie_v between_o the_o tropic_n so_o that_o ship_n that_o lose_v from_o the_o port_n of_o aquapulco_n in_o new_a spain_n in_o america_n towards_o the_o philippin_n isle_n that_o be_v such_o as_o steer_v their_o course_n from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o west_n oftentimes_o for_o 60_o degree_n sail_v continual_o without_o any_o alteration_n or_o furl_v of_o the_o sail_n with_o a_o constant_a east_n or_o north-east_n wind_n neither_o unto_o this_o day_n have_v any_o ship_n in_o that_o most_o long_a voyage_n of_o 1650_o mile_n be_v cast_v away_o whence_o the_o mariner_n say_v that_o they_o may_v sleep_v secure_o in_o this_o voyage_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o need_n of_o guide_v the_o ship_n see_v 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make_v to_o the_o coast_n of_o brazil_n or_o the_o other_o isle_n call_v ascension_n to_o water_n at_o if_o then_o you_o demand_v by_o what_o course_n they_o sail_v when_o that_o the_o ship_n make_v a_o contrary_a voyage_n in_o this_o sea_n viz._n whilst_o that_o they_o steer_v from_o the_o philippin_n isle_n unto_o new_a spain_n or_o from_o brazil_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o st._n helena_n unto_o the_o promontory_n of_o good-hope_a whilst_o that_o they_o sail_v from_o india_n in_o these_o voyage_n the_o reader_n must_v know_v that_o mariner_n use_v a_o threefold_a mode_n for_o either_o they_o navigate_v the_o sea_n situate_v without_o the_o tropic_n therefore_o they_o do_v not_o touch_v at_o the_o isle_n of_o st._n helena_n whilst_o that_o they_o sail_v from_o europe_n into_o india_n or_o where_o necessary_o they_o must_v pass_v by_o this_o they_o do_v not_o direct_o steer_v their_o course_n from_o the_o west_n to_o the_o east_n but_o oblique_o from_o the_o north_n the_o collateral_a quarter_n of_o it_o to_o the_o south_n or_o the_o collateral_a quarter_n of_o it_o or_o last_o they_o choose_v such_o a_o time_n of_o navigation_n in_o which_o they_o know_v that_o that_o general_a wind_n be_v impede_v often_o by_o other_o but_o this_o latter_a because_o that_o it_o happen_v rare_o therefore_o they_o rather_o make_v choice_n of_o the_o two_o former_a modes_n of_o which_o we_o sâ—ll_z speak_v more_o in_o the_o chapter_n of_o navigation_n therefore_o there_o be_v two_o sea_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n in_o which_o that_o general_a oriental_a wind_n with_o its_o collateral_n reign_v throughout_o the_o whole_a year_n viz._n that_o which_o lie_v between_o the_o procurrent_a of_o africa_n and_o brazil_n the_o other_o be_v that_o which_o be_v extend_v between_o new_a spain_n or_o rather_o between_o america_n and_o the_o oriental_a island_n of_o which_o the_o philippin_n be_v a_o part_n the_o three_o part_n of_o this_o sea_n under_o the_o torrid_a zone_n viz._n between_o the_o 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again_o opposite_a four_o day_n of_o the_o year_n in_o two_o of_o which_o the_o sun_n shall_v obtain_v a_o middle_a distance_n from_o the_o place_n give_v if_o therefore_o the_o place_n give_v be_v north_n take_v two_o of_o those_o four_o day_n whereof_o one_o happen_v between_o the_o 21_o of_o december_n and_o the_o 21_o of_o march_n this_o shall_v be_v the_o entrance_n of_o the_o spring_n the_o other_o between_o the_o 21_o of_o september_n and_o the_o 21_o of_o december_n this_o shall_v be_v the_o entrance_n of_o autumn_n but_o if_o the_o place_n give_v be_v south_n from_o those_o four_o day_n you_o must_v take_v the_o day_n between_o the_o 21_o of_o june_n and_o the_o 21_o of_o september_n for_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o spring_n and_o for_o the_o begin_n of_o autumn_n that_o which_o happen_v between_o the_o 21_o of_o march_n and_o the_o 21_o of_o june_n the_o beginning_n of_o winter_n shall_v be_v the_o 21_o of_o june_n if_o the_o place_n be_v south_n but_o if_o north_n the_o 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shall_v be_v equal_a or_o of_o equal_a day_n except_o some_o day_n viz._n five_o in_o which_o the_o summer_n and_o four_o in_o which_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o northern_a place_n exceed_v the_o autumn_n and_o the_o winter_n but_o in_o the_o southern_a place_n it_o be_v otherwise_o for_o autumn_n and_o winter_n exceed_v the_o spring_n and_o summer_n which_o as_o we_o have_v show_v before_o proceed_v from_o the_o excentricity_n of_o the_o sun_n 2._o in_o place_n lie_v under_o the_o aequator_fw-la there_o be_v two_o summer_n as_o also_o other_o season_n but_o hoth_v short_a as_o also_o both_o the_o spring_n viz._n each_o summer_n and_o each_o spring_n have_v only_o 32_o day_n which_o be_v 64_o day_n but_o the_o autumn_n and_o winter_n be_v long_o viz._n 55_o day_n which_o be_v 110_o day_n 3._o in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n by_o how_o much_o the_o less_o they_o be_v remote_a from_o the_o aequator_fw-la by_o so_o much_o the_o more_o they_o have_v the_o long_a summer_n the_o 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the_o same_o climate_n have_v the_o summer_n and_o winter_n in_o divers_a time_n although_o they_o be_v very_o near_o to_o one_o another_o 7._o that_o those_o place_n which_o have_v siccity_n and_o humidity_n contrary_a to_o the_o access_n and_o recess_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v so_o situate_v that_o on_o the_o east_n they_o have_v ridge_n of_o mountain_n and_o that_o they_o regard_v the_o west_n peru_n except_v 8._o that_o the_o season_n observe_v no_o certain_a rule_n in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n 9_o that_o although_o most_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n divide_v the_o year_n into_o two_o season_n which_o be_v likewise_o observe_v by_o many_o writer_n to_o wit_n a_o pluvial_a and_o dry_a season_n yet_o it_o may_v apt_o be_v divide_v into_o four_o so_o that_o they_o may_v not_o only_o have_v a_o summer_n and_o a_o winter_n but_o also_o a_o spring_n and_o a_o autumn_n for_o as_o in_o our_o part_n the_o spring_n approach_v near_o the_o nature_n of_o summer_n and_o the_o autumn_n of_o winter_n so_o also_o the_o dry_a place_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n may_v be_v divide_v 10._o and_o last_o in_o some_o place_n there_o be_v a_o continual_a harvest_n in_o some_o only_o in_o two_o part_n of_o the_o year_n and_o in_o other_o only_o in_o one_o part_n of_o the_o year_n proposition_n xii_o to_o show_v how_o the_o four_o season_n of_o the_o year_n be_v make_v etc._n etc._n in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o temperate_a zone_n zone_n of_o the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n in_o place_n lie_v in_o the_o temperate_a zone_n 1._o in_o these_o place_n that_o cause_n which_o we_o have_v place_v in_o the_o first_o place_n among_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o season_n in_o the_o first_o proposition_n of_o this_o chapter_n be_v so_o potent_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o other_o cause_n that_o that_o
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la_fw-fr valla_n imperial_a in_o the_o province_n of_o potosi_n they_o find_v so_o great_a a_o cold_a that_o for_o four_o mile_n circumference_n there_o grow_v nothing_o chili_n the_o season_n of_o chili_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o chili_n which_o extend_v itself_o from_o 30_o degree_n of_o south_n latitude_n to_o 50_o degree_n the_o spring_n begin_v in_o the_o month_n of_o august_n soon_o than_o the_o celestial_a account_n admit_v and_o end_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o november_n and_o from_o the_o middle_n of_o november_n summer_n begin_v even_o to_o the_o middle_n of_o february_n from_o whence_o autumn_n lead_v on_o to_o the_o middle_n of_o may_n which_o the_o winter_n succede_v which_o be_v very_o violent_a and_o dispoil_v the_o tree_n of_o their_o blossom_n and_o scatter_v a_o deep_a snow_n with_o a_o vehement_a frost_n which_o yet_o be_v discover_v by_o the_o sun_n except_o which_o be_v very_o seldom_o that_o the_o sun_n appear_v not_o but_o the_o snow_n rare_o fall_v in_o the_o valley_n for_o although_o it_o fall_v in_o great_a abundance_n and_o be_v heap_v up_o so_o high_a that_o it_o ascend_v the_o top_n of_o mountain_n and_o be_v heap_v together_o in_o the_o vacuity_n of_o the_o mountain_n as_o in_o so_o many_o well_n and_o endure_v almost_o the_o whole_a year_n yet_o be_v there_o dissolve_v they_o flow_v into_o the_o river_n and_o torrent_n which_o run_v through_o the_o valley_n with_o a_o great_a force_n even_o to_o the_o sea_n to_o the_o great_a enrichment_n of_o the_o ground_n but_o although_o here_o it_o snow_n not_o except_o rare_o in_o the_o plain_n yet_o it_o make_v so_o excessive_a a_o frost_n that_o the_o like_a be_v scarce_o feel_v in_o many_o part_n of_o europe_n which_o happen_v partly_o from_o the_o altitude_n of_o the_o pole_n partly_o from_o the_o propinquity_n of_o the_o mountain_n from_o which_o descend_v so_o subtle_a and_o penetrate_a wind_n that_o sometime_o they_o be_v unsufferable_a whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o maritime_a part_n be_v more_o temperate_a he_o that_o be_v studious_a may_v collect_v other_o difference_n of_o region_n under_o the_o same_o climate_n or_o in_o the_o vicine_fw-la climate_n from_o writer_n for_o example_n that_o in_o england_n the_o air_n be_v not_o so_o cold_a as_o in_o holland_n so_o that_o they_o pen_v not_o up_o their_o herd_n in_o the_o winter_n between_o siberia_n and_o tartary_n in_o a_o place_n seat_v not_o far_o from_o the_o frigid_a zone_n in_o the_o end_n of_o our_o temperate_a be_v say_v to_o be_v pleasant_a field_n and_o rich_a pasture_n almost_o no_o cold_a see_v that_o they_o scarce_o feel_v winter_n where_o by_o the_o command_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o moscovia_n the_o city_n tooru_n be_v build_v which_o be_v at_o this_o day_n so_o much_o increase_v that_o it_o be_v able_a to_o repel_v the_o assault_n of_o the_o tartar_n japan_n the_o island_n of_o japan_n in_o japan_n the_o winter_n be_v cold_a snowy_a ruiny_n when_o yet_o other_o region_n of_o europe_n and_o asia_n lie_v under_o the_o same_o climate_n have_v far_o lesser_a winter_n the_o cause_n be_v because_o that_o japan_n consist_v of_o many_o island_n disjoin_v by_o a_o small_a euripus_n and_o that_o it_o also_o lie_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o ocean_n summer_n america_n very_o hot_a in_o the_o summer_n in_o armenia_n and_o the_o adjoin_a place_n there_o be_v great_a heat_n in_o summer_n because_o it_o lie_v among_o mountain_n here_o and_o there_o mix_v with_o field_n hence_o the_o more_o rich_a in_o some_o place_n in_o summer_n remove_v to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n and_o remain_v there_o for_o some_o month_n but_o the_o mean_a sort_n in_o the_o day_n time_n defend_v themselves_o in_o the_o mountain_n from_o the_o near_a and_o about_o eventide_n do_v descend_v to_o the_o low_a ground_n proposition_n xiii_o to_o declare_v how_o in_o place_n in_o the_o frigid_a zone_n the_o four_o season_n of_o the_o year_n have_v themselves_o with_o the_o light_n zone_n of_o the_o place_n in_o the_o frigid_a zone_n the_o cause_n of_o those_o season_n with_o the_o light_n propose_v in_o the_o entrance_n of_o this_o chapter_n thus_o stand_v in_o the_o frigid_a zone_n 1._o the_o centre_n of_o the_o sun_n for_o some_o day_n or_o month_n as_o the_o place_n be_v either_o near_o or_o remote_a from_o the_o pole_n do_v not_o arise_v above_o the_o horizon_n and_o for_o so_o many_o day_n set_v not_o 2._o in_o those_o day_n when_o he_o be_v above_o the_o horizon_n he_o only_o illustrate_v those_o place_n with_o his_o oblique_a ray_n because_o he_o be_v not_o much_o elevate_v above_o the_o horizon_n but_o move_v round_o it_o because_o those_o place_n be_v over_o much_o remove_v from_o the_o way_n of_o the_o sun_n 3._o the_o sun_n be_v not_o deep_o depress_v beneath_o the_o horizon_n yea_o in_o place_n near_o the_o polary_a circle_n or_o arctic_a pole_n although_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o sun_n do_v not_o arise_v yet_o part_n of_o his_o skirt_n arise_v and_o be_v behold_v for_o some_o day_n above_o the_o horizon_n before_o the_o centre_n itself_o arise_v by_o reason_n that_o the_o half_a sun_n possess_v 15_o minute_n in_o the_o heaven_n for_o example_n let_v we_o take_v those_o place_n who_o distance_n be_v from_o the_o aequator_fw-la 67_o degree_n towards_o the_o pole_n arctic_a let_v the_o pole_n be_v elevate_v according_a to_o this_o latitude_n and_o in_o the_o meridian_n crena_n of_o the_o horizon_n you_o shall_v see_v that_o the_o degree_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a do_v not_o arise_v from_o the_o 19_o degree_n of_o sagittarius_fw-la to_o the_o 11_o of_o capricorn_n that_o be_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o that_o arch_n do_v not_o arise_v for_o 24_o day_n viz._n from_o the_o 10_o of_o december_n to_o the_o four_o of_o january_n and_o yet_o part_v of_o the_o skirt_n of_o the_o sun_n for_o that_o whole_a time_n shall_v be_v above_o the_o horizon_n to_o wit_n on_o the_o 21_o of_o december_n the_o limbus_n glitter_v the_o horizon_n but_o on_o the_o 10_o of_o december_n as_o also_o on_o the_o first_o of_o january_n half_o the_o sun_n shall_v be_v above_o the_o horizon_n and_o half_o beneath_o because_o the_o centre_n be_v then_o in_o the_o horizon_n but_o the_o whole_a sun_n shall_v be_v elevate_v above_o the_o horizon_n when_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o sun_n shall_v hold_v the_o 14_o degree_n of_o capricorn_n that_o be_v about_o the_o 4_o day_n of_o january_n also_o the_o whole_a shall_v afterward_o appear_v when_o his_o centre_n shall_v possess_v the_o 16_o degree_n of_o sagittarius_fw-la that_o be_v about_o the_o 7_o of_o december_n but_o in_o place_n where_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n be_v 70_o or_o 75_o degree_n there_o this_o difference_n between_o the_o oriental_a limbus_n and_o the_o oriental_a centre_n be_v very_o little_a so_o that_o the_o limbus_n or_o skirt_n scarce_o anticipate_v the_o rise_n of_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o sun_n one_o day_n or_o half_o a_o day_n from_o this_o small_a of_o depression_n it_o follow_v also_o that_o they_o enjoy_v the_o light_n of_o the_o crepusculum_fw-la many_o hour_n before_o the_o rise_n and_o after_o the_o set_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o although_o the_o sun_n arise_v not_o yet_o in_o all_o or_o many_o of_o the_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n they_o have_v light_n in_o the_o air._n there_o be_v also_o another_o cause_n 19_o see_v chap._n 19_o which_o make_v the_o sun_n first_o to_o be_v see_v before_o that_o he_o be_v elevate_v above_o the_o horizon_n for_o thence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o not_o only_o the_o sun_n be_v see_v before_o he_o be_v elevate_v above_o the_o horizon_n and_o before_o the_o ray_n can_v direct_o come_v from_o he_o to_o the_o eye_n but_o also_o that_o the_o light_n of_o the_o twilight_n soon_o illustrate_v
the_o air_n than_o it_o will_v do_v without_o this_o refraction_n we_o shall_v anon_o allege_v a_o example_n of_o the_o appearancy_n of_o the_o sun_n proceed_v from_o refraction_n 4._o the_o full_a moon_n and_o near_o the_o full_a remain_v above_o the_o horizon_n for_o many_o day_n when_o the_o sun_n be_v depress_v beneath_o it_o viz._n for_o so_o many_o more_o day_n by_o how_o much_o that_o place_n be_v more_o near_o the_o pole_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o so_o high_o elevate_v above_o the_o horizon_n as_o to_o cause_v any_o warmness_n but_o the_o full_a moon_n in_o those_o month_n in_o which_o the_o sun_n remain_v above_o the_o horizon_n in_o a_o whole_a revolution_n the_o full_a moon_n be_v never_o above_o the_o horizon_n horizon_n the_o planet_n not_o always_o the_o same_o above_o horizon_n 5._o the_o fix_a star_n be_v almost_o the_o same_o always_o above_o the_o horizon_n but_o not_o the_o planet_n for_o saturn_n remain_v 15_o year_n above_o the_o horizon_n of_o the_o place_n near_o the_o pole_n and_z 15_o beneath_o the_o same_o jupiter_n 6_o year_n beneath_o and_o 6_o above_o the_o same_o horizon_n mars_n 1_o year_n venus_n and_o mercury_n about_o half_a a_o year_n from_o this_o cause_n it_o be_v likely_a that_o there_o be_v great_a diversity_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o air_n and_o season_n in_o divers_a year_n 6._o the_o land_n in_o most_o place_n of_o the_o frigid_a zone_n be_v stony_a rocky_a and_o as_o hard_o as_o flint_n in_o few_o place_n chalky_a sulphureous_a and_o fat_a in_o these_o place_n there_o be_v a_o moderate_a fertility_n in_o the_o other_o a_o sterility_n 7._o those_o region_n be_v encompass_v with_o the_o sea_n but_o for_o the_o mediterranean_a we_o as_o yet_o have_v no_o certain_a account_n 8._o some_o of_o the_o region_n of_o the_o frigid_a zone_n have_v mountain_n of_o a_o moderate_a height_n but_o most_o want_v they_o run_v on_o a_o plain_a for_o a_o long_a space_n 9_o the_o cold_a wind_n there_o frequent_o blow_v from_o the_o polary_n plaga_fw-la seldom_o the_o east_n wind_n and_o least_o of_o all_o the_o west_n in_o the_o cold_a arctic_a plaga_fw-la the_o north_n wind_n rage_n in_o the_o antarctic_a the_o south_n 10._o cloud_n and_o rain_n frequent_o perplex_v these_o region_n from_o these_o cause_n it_o be_v not_o difficult_a to_o collect_v what_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o season_n in_o these_o region_n be_v for_o in_o the_o winter_n time_n when_o the_o sun_n rise_v not_o for_o whole_a day_n it_o can_v otherwise_o be_v but_o that_o for_o the_o most_o part_n thick_a cloud_n frost_n and_o cold_a must_v render_v the_o land_n uninhabitable_a they_o be_v not_o altogether_o deprive_v of_o light_n for_o that_o time_n for_o the_o moon_n be_v above_o the_o horizon_n for_o a_o long_a time_n give_v light_a and_o the_o twilight_n be_v daily_o afford_v from_o the_o sun_n to_o the_o vicine_fw-la horizon_n but_o the_o snow_n the_o stick_n close_o about_o the_o earth_n which_o can_v be_v discuss_v by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o therefore_o hinder_v the_o aspect_n of_o remote_a thing_n there_o be_v no_o fertility_n but_o all_o barren_a and_o uncultivated_a for_o that_o which_o some_o suppose_v by_o how_o much_o any_o region_n be_v near_a to_o the_o pole_n by_o so_o much_o less_o it_o feel_v the_o intenseness_n of_o the_o cold_a and_o the_o field_n be_v find_v more_o fertile_a seem_v not_o probable_a to_o i_o when_o neither_o in_o nova_n zembla_n which_o be_v distant_a 16_o degree_n from_o the_o pole_n nor_o in_o spitzbirga_n which_o be_v only_o 8_o degree_n distant_a such_o a_o constitution_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v find_v but_o a_o roughness_n and_o hardness_n and_o almost_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o summer_n snow_n or_o at_o least_o shower_n and_o very_o cold_a wind_n neither_o be_v their_o opinion_n help_v by_o one_o example_n observe_v by_o mariner_n in_o a_o certain_a region_n 9_o degree_n distant_a from_o the_o pole_n which_o most_o man_n suppose_v to_o be_v groenland_n for_o in_o this_o green_a grass_n be_v find_v and_o a_o air_n more_o warm_a than_o in_o nova_n zembla_n as_o be_v most_o certain_a the_o only_a animal_n peculiar_a to_o these_o northern_a region_n venison_n rhinoceros_n a_o kind_n of_o venison_n be_v the_o rhinoceros_n and_o this_o in_o the_o space_n of_o a_o month_n become_v exceed_o fat_a by_o feed_v on_o this_o grass_n nevertheless_o see_v that_o as_o yet_o not_o many_o region_n be_v hitherto_o find_v of_o this_o temperature_n in_o the_o frigid_a zone_n it_o be_v not_o expedient_a for_o we_o from_o this_o single_a example_n to_o make_v a_o general_a conjecture_n especial_o see_v that_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o peculiar_a constitution_n be_v manifest_a for_o that_o land_n be_v full_a of_o marsh_n and_o sedgey_a and_o the_o grass_n by_o which_o the_o rhinoceros_n or_o dear_a be_v tender_v so_o fat_a be_v not_o a_o kind_n of_o terrestrial_a grass_n but_o sedge_n and_o osier_n but_o other_o herb_n be_v not_o there_o find_v or_o any_o tree_n from_o whence_o we_o may_v gather_v that_o that_o land_n contain_v some_o fat_a and_o sulphureous_a substance_n which_o be_v mix_v which_o the_o water_n produce_v such_o a_o oil_n and_o fatten_v sedge_n but_o that_o the_o like_a earth_n be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o other_o part_n of_o the_o frigid_a zone_n have_v not_o as_o yet_o be_v observe_v but_o rather_o the_o contrary_n therefore_o in_o the_o winter_n in_o these_o place_n be_v little_a light_n but_o a_o incredible_a and_o great_a violence_n of_o cold_a snow_n shower_n and_o polary_a wind_n and_o this_o winter_n begin_v in_o the_o northern_a frigid_a zone_n when_o the_o sun_n first_o enter_v capricorn_n although_o also_o the_o autumn_n the_o sun_n go_v from_o the_o 1_o degree_n of_o libra_n to_o the_o 1_o of_o capricorn_n be_v little_o different_a from_o this_o violent_a winter_n the_o spring_n indeed_o be_v less_o infest_a with_o this_o violence_n of_o the_o air_n yet_o it_o be_v without_o snow_n shower_n and_o cold_a polary_a wind_n yet_o the_o increase_n of_o heat_n in_o the_o day_n or_o rather_o the_o decrease_n of_o cold_a be_v discover_v at_o that_o time_n viz._n the_o sun_n go_v from_o the_o 1_o degree_n of_o aries_n to_o the_o 1_o of_o cancer_n and_o in_o this_o vernal_a season_n or_o in_o the_o latter_a day_n of_o it_o the_o sun_n continue_v above_o the_o horizon_n in_o entire_a revolution_n and_o therefore_o then_o there_o be_v discover_v a_o moderate_a heat_n which_o yet_o be_v not_o of_o that_o force_n as_o to_o melt_v and_o dissolve_v the_o snow_n of_o all_o those_o place_n into_o water_n much_o less_o be_v it_o able_a to_o melt_v the_o ice_n whence_o mariner_n report_v that_o here_o be_v to_o be_v find_v snow_n and_o ice_n of_o a_o perpetual_a duration_n then_o the_o summer_n shall_v be_v from_o the_o go_n of_o the_o sun_n from_o the_o 1_o degree_n of_o cancer_n to_o the_o 1_o of_o libra_n in_o the_o first_o part_n of_o which_o the_o sun_n yet_o remain_v for_o whole_a day_n above_o the_o horizon_n and_o augment_v the_o heat_n by_o some_o accession_n so_o that_o june_n july_n and_o august_n be_v month_n of_o a_o tolerable_a air._n in_o some_o place_n among_o the_o mountain_n the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v intense_a but_o the_o shower_n and_o cloud_n do_v much_o hinder_v this_o benignity_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o especial_o the_o most_o sharp_a northern_a wind_n unto_o which_o sometime_o snow_n be_v adjoin_v so_o that_o no_o fruit_n or_o corn_n can_v here_o arrive_v to_o any_o maturity_n except_o in_o some_o place_n near_o the_o arctic_a circle_n chap._n xxvii_o of_o the_o shadow_n which_o the_o body_n erect_v in_o the_o earth_n and_o illuminate_v by_o the_o sun_n do_v cast_v and_o of_o the_o division_n of_o the_o earth_n arise_v from_o thence_o see_v that_o the_o shadow_n in_o divers_a place_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o the_o illuminate_v body_n of_o the_o sun_n do_v cast_v be_v carry_v into_o divers_a place_n and_o fall_v on_o the_o sense_n have_v much_o variety_n hence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o man_n who_o be_v ignorant_a of_o this_o cause_n be_v strike_v with_o a_o admiration_n and_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o earth_n divide_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o it_o be_v into_o three_o sort_n which_o division_n must_v be_v apply_v to_o the_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o to_o its_o superficies_n so_o that_o they_o term_v some_o amphiscij_fw-la other_o heteroscij_fw-la and_o the_o rest_n periscij_fw-la the_o explication_n of_o which_o term_n see_v that_o they_o contain_v but_o small_a learning_n we_o shall_v say_v somewhat_o also_o concern_v shadow_n which_o although_o they_o do_v not_o pertain_v to_o geography_n yet_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o near_a affinity_n they_o may_v be_v propose_v in_o this_o chapter_n shadow_n of_o
the_o shore_n and_o in_o the_o harbour_n as_o also_o great_a ship_n come_v to_o zealand_n than_o to_o holland_n proposition_n v._o if_o a_o ship_n be_v so_o burden_v that_o its_o weight_n or_o gravity_n be_v almost_o equal_a to_o the_o weight_n or_o gravity_n of_o the_o sea_n water_n equal_a to_o the_o capacity_n of_o the_o ship_n yet_o it_o sink_v not_o in_o the_o sea_n but_o when_o it_o shall_v be_v bring_v into_o any_o river_n it_o sink_v to_o the_o bottom_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o water_n of_o rivers_n be_v light_a than_o the_o water_n of_o the_o sea_n therefore_o if_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o lade_a ship_n be_v almost_o equal_a to_o the_o gravity_n of_o the_o marine_a water_n therefore_o it_o shall_v be_v great_a than_o the_o gravity_n of_o river_n water_n and_o so_o the_o ship_n shall_v be_v sink_v in_o the_o river_n or_o carry_v to_o the_o bottom_n many_o ship_n for_o this_o reason_n have_v perish_v which_o have_v be_v over_o lade_v by_o unskilful_a mariner_n or_o not_o unburden_v in_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n now_o how_o much_o this_o gravity_n shall_v be_v be_v know_v from_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o sea_n water_n to_o river_n water_n proposition_n vi_o any_o body_n swim_v on_o the_o water_n have_v that_o weight_n that_o the_o watery_a mole_n have_v equal_a to_o the_o demergent_a part_n of_o this_o body_n corollary_n the_o part_n of_o the_o ship_n be_v give_v which_o be_v under_o water_n the_o weight_n of_o the_o whole_a burden_a ship_n may_v be_v find_v for_o the_o gravity_n of_o the_o water_n be_v know_v or_o be_v easy_a to_o be_v find_v for_o example_n one_o cubick_a foot_n of_o water_n be_v 70_o li._n and_o therefore_o if_o the_o part_n of_o the_o ship_n under_o water_n be_v 2000_o cubick_a foot_n therefore_o the_o gravity_n of_o the_o watery_a mole_n which_o be_v equal_a to_o the_o part_n of_o the_o ship_n under_o water_n shall_v be_v 140000_o li._n so_o much_o also_o shall_v be_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o ship_n jade_v proposition_n vii_o a_o ship_n be_v most_o common_o account_v commodious_o to_o carry_v that_o quantity_n of_o burden_n who_o gravity_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o gravity_n of_o half_a the_o mole_n of_o water_n which_o the_o ship_n can_v contain_v for_o example_n if_o the_o ship_n can_v carry_v 500000_o tun_n of_o water_n whereof_o every_o one_o be_v account_v at_o 2000_o li._n weight_n that_o be_v if_o it_o contain_v the_o water_n of_o 1000000000_o li._n you_o may_v convenient_o lade_v it_o with_o the_o burden_n of_o 250000_o tun_n 1000000000._o in_o this_o sense_n you_o must_v understand_v it_o when_o they_o say_v that_o ship_n be_v so_o many_o tun_n or_o carry_v so_o many_o last_v the_o spanish_a carract_n carry_v 1200_o last_n the_o great_a holland_n indian_a ship_n 800_o last_n proposition_n viii_o by_o how_o much_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o ship_n jade_v be_v great_a by_o so_o much_o the_o less_o it_o be_v toss_v with_o storm_n and_o tempest_n lade_v a_o jade_a ship_n be_v not_o so_o subject_a to_o be_v toss_v in_o tempest_n as_o when_o not_o lade_v ship_n of_o 2000_o tun_n be_v not_o in_o danger_n of_o those_o tempest_n which_o be_v vexatious_a to_o ship_n of_o 300_o or_o 500_o tun_n much_o more_o may_v be_v say_v but_o this_o may_v suffice_v for_o element_n chap._n xxxvii_o of_o the_o three_o and_o chief_a part_n of_o the_o nautick_a aâ—t_n viz._n the_o art_n of_o guide_v or_o navigate_a of_o a_o ship_n and_o its_o subdivision_n of_o the_o four_o part_n proposition_n i._o that_o be_v term_v the_o art_n of_o guide_v or_o navigate_a of_o a_o ship_n which_o teach_v unto_o what_o quarter_n a_o ship_n be_v to_o be_v guide_v in_o any_o situation_n of_o it_o in_o the_o sea_n that_o it_o may_v come_v to_o the_o purpose_a place_n without_o danger_n i_o make_v four_o part_n of_o it_o ship_n of_o the_o guide_v or_o steer_v of_o ship_n 1._o special_a geography_n that_o be_v the_o knowledge_n of_o a_o space_n intercept_v between_o two_o place_n and_o the_o property_n of_o the_o same_o 2._o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o quarter_n in_o every_o place_n 3._o the_o cognition_n of_o the_o line_n by_o which_o the_o ship_n be_v to_o be_v bring_v from_o one_o place_n to_o the_o other_o for_o there_o be_v between_o every_o two_o place_n infinite_a intercept_v line_n this_o part_n be_v term_v histriodromice_n 4._o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o situation_n of_o every_o place_n unto_o which_o by_o sail_v we_o arrive_v or_o how_o these_o place_n be_v situate_v unto_o that_o place_n unto_o which_o the_o ship_n be_v to_o be_v direct_v this_o be_v the_o chief_a part_n of_o the_o art_n of_o sail_v proposition_n ii_o the_o cognition_n of_o the_o intermedial_a space_n comprehend_v these_o thing_n map_n thing_n observe_v from_o special_a geography_n and_o nautical_a map_n 1._o the_o situation_n of_o the_o place_n the_o procurrence_n of_o angle_n the_o bend_n of_o the_o shore_n the_o aspect_n of_o promontory_n mountain_n bay_n the_o depth_n of_o water_n the_o sight_n of_o island_n and_o coast_n of_o land_n all_o which_o be_v know_v from_o special_a geography_n and_o nautical_a map_n but_o most_o easy_o and_o with_o great_a certainty_n from_o observation_n and_o frequent_a navigation_n through_o any_o tract_n of_o land_n which_o be_v the_o only_a cause_n that_o some_o mariner_n be_v more_o fit_a to_o guide_v a_o ship_n to_o such_o place_n and_o other_o to_o another_o 2._o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o general_n and_o special_a wind_n and_o those_o that_o be_v peculiar_a unto_o any_o place_n which_o be_v exceed_o necessary_a in_o navigation_n which_o be_v undertake_v in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n and_o adjacent_a place_n for_o here_o a_o general_a wind_n and_o in_o many_o place_n anniversary_n wind_n which_o we_o have_v show_v to_o be_v call_v moussons_n motion_n in_o our_o xx._n chapter_n do_v rule_n which_o either_o promote_v or_o hinder_v navigation_n for_o the_o indian_a sea_n be_v sail_v by_o these_o anniversary_n wind_n of_o these_o and_o also_o of_o storm_n and_o tempest_n we_o have_v speak_v in_o the_o xx._n chapter_n 20._o see_v chap._n 20._o 3._o the_o condition_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sea_n in_o every_o tract_n also_o the_o quarter_n of_o it_o into_o which_o quarter_n the_o sea_n and_o wave_n be_v bear_v for_o they_o carry_v the_o ship_n with_o they_o the_o diversity_n of_o those_o motion_n in_o many_o place_n we_o have_v show_v in_o the_o xvii_o chap._n 17._o see_v chap._n 17._o first_o of_o all_o there_o be_v require_v a_o knowledge_n of_o the_o ship_n and_o reflux_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o time_n or_o hour_n of_o the_o increase_n and_o decrease_v at_o every_o day_n the_o supputation_n of_o which_o be_v term_v the_o reckon_n of_o the_o tide_n for_o except_v a_o master_n know_v this_o the_o ship_n be_v often_o much_o hazard_v when_o it_o be_v near_a shore_n or_o sand_n whereof_o most_o in_o the_o great_a increase_n of_o the_o water_n do_v not_o hinder_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o ship_n but_o most_o do_v in_o the_o decrease_n so_o with_o a_o flux_n the_o navigation_n be_v more_o facile_a to_o the_o shore_n and_o to_o the_o inlet_n of_o river_n and_o the_o contrary_n be_v discover_v in_o the_o reflux_n of_o the_o supputation_n of_o this_o time_n we_o have_v speak_v a_o little_a in_o the_o proposition_n of_o the_o xvii_o chapter_n chap._n xxxviii_o of_o the_o knowledge_n of_o place_n viz._n the_o north_n south_n east_n and_o west_n and_o the_o intermedial_a quarter_n proposition_n i._o in_o every_o place_n to_o know_v the_o plagas_fw-la viz._n the_o north_n south_n east_n and_o west_n and_o the_o intermedial_a quarter_n navigation_n the_o quarter_n very_o neccessary_a in_o navigation_n the_o knowledge_n of_o this_o be_v the_o most_o necessary_a of_o all_o the_o problem_n of_o the_o whole_a art_n of_o navigation_n see_v that_o a_o ship_n must_v be_v guide_v unto_o some_o quarter_n which_o if_o unknown_a there_o can_v be_v no_o direction_n and_o the_o very_a defect_n of_o this_o knowledge_n alone_o hinder_v the_o navigation_n of_o the_o ancient_n and_o in_o this_o be_v the_o chief_a difference_n between_o the_o ancient_n and_o modern_a navigation_n for_o the_o ancient_n have_v not_o a_o method_n by_o which_o at_o any_o time_n in_o the_o large_a ocean_n they_o may_v know_v where_o be_v the_o north_n where_o the_o south_n and_o the_o other_o quarter_n therefore_o they_o can_v not_o nor_o dare_v they_o commit_v themselves_o to_o the_o vast_a ocean_n but_o only_o coast_v the_o shore_n so_o that_o they_o may_v know_v the_o quarter_n from_o other_o sign_n quarter_n the_o ancient_n have_v a_o double_a method_n of_o find_v out_o the_o quarter_n the_o ancient_n have_v a_o double_a method_n which_o serve_v also_o to_o the_o modern_a navigation_n of_o find_v out_o the_o quarter_n
mark_n with_o a_o chalk_n then_o let_v the_o shank_n apply_v to_o the_o quarter_n be_v move_v until_o the_o other_o note_a point_n of_o the_o shank_n apply_v to_o the_o quarter_n fall_v in_o on_o the_o parallel_n of_o the_o observe_v latitude_n for_o the_o point_n of_o the_o fall_n in_o be_v the_o place_n seek_v viz._n the_o place_n of_o the_o ship_n but_o if_o that_o there_o be_v no_o parallel_n of_o latitude_n observe_v on_o the_o map_n let_v the_o degree_n intercept_v between_o this_o latitude_n and_o the_o vicine_fw-la parallel_n be_v take_v by_o the_o interval_n of_o the_o compass_n on_o the_o lateral_a line_n and_o let_v the_o rule_n in_o the_o line_n of_o the_o quarter_n and_o one_o foot_n of_o the_o compass_n be_v move_v together_o in_o this_o parallel_n until_o the_o other_o foot_n of_o the_o compass_n and_o the_o note_a shank_n do_v meet_v the_o point_n of_o the_o meeting_n show_v the_o place_n of_o the_o ship_n seamen_n use_v two_o pair_n of_o compass_n if_o that_o you_o will_v determine_v more_o accurate_o by_o the_o calculation_n of_o the_o place_n demand_v on_o the_o map_n or_o earth_n itself_o the_o problem_n be_v this_o the_o latitude_n and_o longitude_n of_o one_o place_n be_v give_v and_o the_o quarter_n in_o which_o the_o navigation_n be_v appoint_v to_o another_o place_n and_o the_o latitude_n of_o this_o place_n give_v to_o find_v his_o longitude_n for_o the_o latitude_n and_o longitude_n give_v be_v the_o place_n itself_o 3._o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o voyage_n perform_v from_o one_o know_v place_n to_o another_o unknown_a be_v observe_v and_o the_o latitude_n of_o this_o other_o be_v observe_v to_o find_v this_o other_o on_o the_o map_n let_v the_o quantity_n of_o the_o voyage_n perform_v be_v take_v by_o the_o interval_n of_o the_o compass_n from_o the_o opposite_a scale_n then_o if_o a_o parallel_n through_o the_o degree_n of_o latitude_n be_v observe_v on_o the_o map_n let_v one_o foot_n of_o the_o compass_n be_v place_v on_o the_o note_a place_n the_o other_o foot_n on_o this_o parallel_n this_o point_n shall_v be_v the_o place_n demand_v but_o if_o the_o parallel_n pass_v not_o through_o the_o degree_n of_o latitude_n let_v one_o shank_n of_o the_o rule_n be_v apply_v to_o the_o vicine_fw-la parallel_n on_o the_o other_o shank_n let_v the_o degree_n of_o latitude_n be_v note_v and_o let_v the_o rule_n be_v move_v until_o the_o other_o foot_n of_o the_o compass_n touch_v the_o note_a point_n of_o the_o rule_n the_o place_n of_o the_o map_n subject_n to_o the_o point_n in_o this_o situation_n shall_v be_v the_o seek_v for_o place_n of_o the_o ship_n if_o that_o a_o more_o accurate_a invention_n be_v require_v by_o calculation_n the_o problem_n shall_v be_v this_o the_o latitude_n and_o longitude_n of_o one_o place_n be_v give_v and_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o other_o on_o the_o line_n of_o navigation_n and_o the_o latitude_n of_o this_o to_o find_v out_o the_o latitude_n of_o this_o other_o for_o this_o be_v 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and_o the_o other_o with_o the_o globe_n be_v in_o the_o ship_n for_o the_o ship_n remain_v immovable_a sail_v be_v permit_v to_o the_o boat_n until_o it_o be_v remove_v 10_o or_o 12_o orgyas_n of_o the_o string_n and_o the_o time_n elapse_v between_o be_v observe_v and_o from_o this_o for_o any_o time_n of_o the_o perform_v course_n of_o the_o ship_n be_v find_v out_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o perform_v sail_v of_o the_o ship_n be_v corrupt_v and_o render_v uncertain_a by_o divers_a way_n yea_o be_v uncertain_a of_o themselves_o see_v they_o be_v mere_a conjecture_n 1._o oftentimes_o the_o ship_n make_v lesser_a or_o great_a way_n than_o the_o conjecture_n afford_v viz._n because_o in_o many_o place_n of_o the_o sea_n the_o flux_n be_v
passage_n be_v two_o day_n journey_n to_o this_o some_o valley_n come_v in_o betwixt_o they_o be_v a_o second_o border_v call_v cirgin_n koy_n camen_fw-la also_o of_o two_o day_n journey_n the_o three_o be_v podvins_n coy_a camen_n the_o high_a of_o these_o three_o mountain_n which_o in_o many_o part_n throughout_o the_o whole_a year_n be_v cover_v with_o snow_n and_o cloud_n and_o therefore_o it_o afford_v a_o very_a difficult_a passage_n which_o be_v of_o four_o day_n the_o city_n vergateria_n siberiae_n be_v nigh_o unto_o it_o lapland_n the_o mountain_n of_o norway_n and_o lapland_n 13._o the_o mountain_n of_o norway_n and_o lapland_n which_o begin_v from_o the_o southern_a promontory_n of_o norway_n and_o separate_v sweden_n in_o part_n from_o norway_n then_o in_o many_o order_n proceed_v even_o to_o the_o far_a part_n of_o lapland_n and_o be_v distinguish_v by_o divers_a name_n as_o fillefiel_n dofrefiel_n and_o the_o like_a germany_n the_o mountain_n hercinium_n in_o germany_n 14._o in_o germany_n the_o famous_a mountain_n hercinium_n encompass_v all_o bohemia_n and_o by_o various_a wind_n extend_v itself_o into_o divers_a region_n and_o that_o also_o by_o various_a name_n in_o the_o duchy_n of_o brunswick_n it_o retain_v its_o ancient_a appellation_n the_o mountain_n bructerus_n be_v part_n of_o it_o proposition_n ii_o in_o most_o island_n and_o in_o the_o procurrent_a part_n of_o the_o continent_n the_o mountain_n be_v so_o situate_v that_o they_o pass_v through_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o land_n and_o divide_v they_o into_o two_o part_n mountain_n the_o division_n of_o land_n by_o mountain_n so_o in_o scotland_n the_o mountain_n grampius_n call_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n gransbaine_o which_o extend_v through_o this_o island_n from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o west_n and_o divide_v it_o in_o two_o equal_a part_n both_o which_o differ_v not_o only_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o soil_n but_o also_o in_o the_o inhabitant_n so_o in_o the_o island_n of_o sumatra_n borneo_n luconia_n celebe_n hispaniola_n cuba_n mountain_n be_v find_v which_o arise_v from_o the_o seashore_n by_o degree_n towards_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o island_n unto_o a_o very_a great_a height_n gatis_n the_o mountain_n gatis_n so_o the_o mountain_n gatis_n pass_v through_o the_o middle_n procurrent_a part_n of_o asia_n which_o be_v call_v india_n for_o they_o arise_v from_o the_o extremity_n of_o caucasus_n and_o proceed_v to_o the_o promontory_n of_o corus_n vulgar_o call_v cabo_n de_fw-fr comerino_n from_o the_o north_n to_o the_o south_n and_o so_o divide_v this_o procurrent_a into_o two_o part_n whereof_o that_o part_n which_o be_v on_o this_o side_n gatis_n towards_o the_o west_n be_v term_v the_o region_n of_o malabar_n and_o the_o other_o beyond_o the_o mountain_n gatis_n towards_o the_o east_n the_o region_n of_o choromandel_n this_o very_a same_o ridge_n of_o mountain_n pass_v through_o the_o other_o part_n of_o india_n which_o be_v now_o call_v bengala_n through_o the_o kingdom_n of_o pegu_n siam_n and_o the_o whole_a chersonesus_n of_o malacca_n corea_n the_o mountain_n in_o camboja_n california_n corea_n so_o also_o the_o mountain_n of_o the_o procurrent_a of_o earth_n term_v camboia_n the_o like_a mountain_n be_v in_o the_o peninsula_n or_o isle_n of_o california_n in_o the_o procurrent_a africa_n from_o the_o lake_n zair_a to_o the_o promontory_n of_o good-hope_a in_o the_o peninsula_n corea_n the_o apennine_a in_o italy_n how_o these_o mountain_n come_v whether_o create_v with_o the_o earth_n itself_o or_o whether_o they_o afterward_o spring_v from_o natural_a cause_n be_v uncertain_a proposition_n iii_o of_o mountain_n famous_a for_o their_o exceed_a altitude_n world_n the_o mountain_n of_o el_n pico_n the_o high_a in_o the_o world_n 1._o el_n pico_n in_o teneriff_n esteem_v the_o high_a in_o the_o whole_a world_n who_o top_n be_v conspicuous_a at_o sea_n 60_o mile_n there_o be_v no_o ascend_v up_o it_o but_o in_o july_n and_o august_n by_o reason_n that_o it_o be_v cover_v all_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o year_n with_o snow_n although_o that_o snow_n be_v never_o see_v in_o the_o island_n itself_o or_o the_o adjacent_a canary_n isle_n the_o vertex_fw-la be_v manifest_o discover_v to_o be_v advance_v above_o the_o cloud_n see_v that_o these_o encompass_v the_o middle_n of_o the_o mountain_n and_o the_o vertex_fw-la be_v behold_v to_o be_v above_o this_o cloud_n but_o because_o it_o suffer_v snow_n thence_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o it_o be_v not_o protend_v beyond_o the_o middle_a region_n of_o the_o air._n three_o day_n be_v require_v to_o ascend_v to_o the_o top_n of_o this_o mountain_n for_o it_o be_v not_o a_o spiral_n top_n but_o plain_a and_o the_o air_n be_v serene_a and_o without_o cloud_n one_o may_v distinct_o discern_v from_o it_o all_o the_o other_o circumjacent_a canary_n isle_n of_o which_o some_o be_v 50_o mile_n remote_a from_o it_o in_o those_o two_o month_n many_o sulphureous_a stone_n be_v bring_v from_o the_o mountain_n and_o carry_v in_o great_a abundance_n into_o spain_n 2._o in_o one_o of_o the_o azore_n near_o to_o the_o isle_n fayal_n george_n the_o mountain_n pico_n de_fw-fr st._n george_n there_o be_v find_v a_o mountain_n call_v pico_n de_fw-fr st._n george_n whence_o the_o isle_n be_v call_v pico_n it_o be_v report_v to_o have_v a_o equal_a altitude_n with_o the_o mountain_n of_o teneriff_n cordillera_fw-la the_o mountain_n cordillera_fw-la 3._o the_o mountain_n call_v cordillera_fw-la in_o the_o southern_a america_n separate_v peru_n from_o the_o other_o province_n be_v say_v to_o be_v of_o that_o exceed_a height_n that_o it_o give_v place_n to_o no_o mountain_n of_o the_o earth_n for_o altitude_n it_o extend_v from_o the_o strait_n of_o magellan_n to_o panama_n aetna_n mount_v aetna_n 4._o aetna_n a_o mountain_n in_o sicilia_n from_o the_o top_n of_o which_o fire_n be_v discern_v to_o be_v eject_v in_o the_o isle_n of_o malta_n whence_o it_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v at_o the_o least_o a_o entire_a mile_n in_o altitude_n but_o in_o the_o precede_a chapter_n we_o have_v give_v a_o reason_n of_o this_o apparent_a altitude_n 5._o hecla_o a_o mountain_n of_o island_n hecla_n hecla_n adam_n pico_n de_fw-fr adam_n 6._o pico_n de_fw-fr adam_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o geilam_n 7._o the_o mountain_n bructerus_n in_o germany_n and_o abnoba_n 8._o the_o mountain_n figenojamma_n in_o japan_n figenojamma_fw-la figenojamma_fw-la be_v suppose_v to_o exceed_v the_o cloud_n in_o altitude_n 9_o the_o mountain_n caucasus_n much_o celebrate_v by_o the_o ancient_n for_o its_o great_a height_n caucasus_n caucasus_n pelion_n the_o mountain_n pelion_n 10._o the_o mountain_n pelion_n in_o macedonia_n pliny_n say_v that_o dicaearchus_n the_o mathematician_n by_o the_o command_n and_o expense_n of_o some_o king_n measure_v the_o altitude_n of_o this_o mountain_n and_o find_v it_o to_o be_v 1250_o pace_n that_o be_v 10_o stadia_fw-la or_o â…“_n of_o a_o german_a mile_n geminus_n say_v that_o the_o mountain_n cyllene_n be_v find_v by_o dicaearchus_n to_o be_v of_o the_o same_o altitude_n athos_n the_o mountain_n athos_n 11._o the_o mountain_n athos_n as_o mela_n in_o lib._n 2._o chap._n 2._o relate_v be_v so_o elate_v that_o it_o be_v believe_v to_o rise_v high_a than_o that_o shower_n shall_v fall_v thence_o this_o opinion_n receive_v credit_n because_o that_o the_o ash_n be_v not_o wash_v away_o from_o the_o altar_n that_o be_v on_o the_o top_n of_o it_o but_o remain_v in_o the_o heap_n as_o they_o be_v leave_v in_o it_o run_v along_o with_o a_o great_a broad_a ridge_n into_o the_o sea_n where_o it_o adher_v to_o the_o continent_n xerxes_n make_v his_o expedition_n against_o the_o grecian_n dig_v it_o through_o and_o make_v it_o navigable_a 12._o olympus_n a_o mountain_n of_o asia_n minor_a olympus_n olympus_n of_o which_o we_o have_v speak_v in_o the_o former_a chapter_n 13._o casius_n casius_n casius_n a_o mountain_n in_o asia_n which_o pliny_n write_v to_o be_v four_o mile_n in_o height_n 14._o mount_v haemus_n haemus_n haemus_n which_o martianus_n capella_n describe_v to_o be_v 6_o mile_n in_o altitude_n 15._o atlas_n atlas_n atlas_n a_o mountain_n in_o africa_n of_o which_o we_o have_v speak_v in_o the_o precede_a proposition_n the_o poet_n feign_v this_o mountain_n to_o be_v so_o high_a that_o it_o uphold_v heaven_n but_o experience_n have_v find_v the_o contrary_n proposition_n iu._n the_o many_o difference_n of_o mountain_n in_o the_o former_a proposition_n we_o have_v show_v three_o difference_n viz._n mountain_n the_o difference_n of_o mountain_n 1._o some_o be_v extend_v in_o a_o long_a tract_n and_o some_o be_v terminate_v in_o a_o small_a circuit_n 2._o some_o divide_v the_o region_n in_o two_o part_n other_o pass_v through_o any_o tract_n of_o the_o region_n 3._o some_o be_v of_o a_o exceed_a height_n some_o of_o a_o mean_a and_o some_o but_o low_o to_o these_o difference_n these_o may_v be_v add_v
by_o reason_n that_o the_o sea_n water_n contain_v a_o fix_a salt_n which_o be_v a_o far_o more_o weighty_a body_n than_o fresh_a water_n and_o we_o have_v show_v that_o in_o divers_a part_n of_o the_o sea_n there_o be_v a_o divers_a quantity_n of_o salt_n yet_o do_v it_o not_o follow_v that_o water_n be_v more_o heavy_a by_o how_o much_o it_o be_v the_o more_o salt_n which_o do_v not_o augment_v the_o gravity_n but_o lessen_v it_o and_o yet_o render_v the_o water_n very_a salt_n proposition_n xiii_o salt_n water_n do_v not_o so_o easy_o freeze_v as_o fresh_a or_o a_o great_a dègree_n of_o cold_a be_v require_v to_o the_o congelation_n of_o sea_n water_n than_o of_o fresh_a fresh_a salt_n water_n do_v not_o so_o soon_o freeze_v as_o fresh_a experience_v sufficient_o show_v this_o against_o the_o aristotelian_o who_o defend_v that_o water_n be_v so_o much_o the_o lesser_a obnoxious_a to_o congelation_n by_o how_o much_o it_o be_v the_o more_o pure_a and_o therefore_o shall_v more_o easy_o congeal_v as_o recede_v more_o from_o the_o elementary_a water_n which_o be_v false_a now_o the_o cause_n be_v that_o in_o the_o salt_n itself_o their_o be_v a_o certain_a spirit_n which_o resist_v congelation_n and_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o salt_n admit_v of_o no_o congelation_n from_o the_o hard_a frost_n as_o those_o that_o be_v skilful_a in_o chemistry_n know_v for_o the_o spirit_n of_o salt_n be_v a_o medicament_n sufficient_o know_v and_o of_o frequent_a use_n proposition_n fourteen_o why_o the_o ocean_n be_v not_o big_a see_v that_o it_o receive_v so_o many_o river_n the_o cause_n be_v 1._o that_o the_o water_n return_v to_o the_o sea_n through_o subterraneous_a passage_n unto_o the_o fountain_n of_o the_o river_n as_o shall_v be_v explicate_v in_o the_o follow_a chapter_n 2._o because_o that_o many_o vapour_n be_v elevate_v from_o the_o ocean_n whereof_o many_o be_v resolve_v into_o rain_n fall_v into_o the_o ocean_n and_o part_n on_o the_o land_n proposition_n xv._o certain_a part_n of_o the_o ocean_n differ_v in_o colour_n colour_n the_o water_n in_o the_o ocean_n in_o all_o place_n not_o of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o colour_n experience_n testify_v that_o in_o the_o northern_a place_n the_o sea_n seem_v of_o a_o more_o black_a colour_n in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n of_o a_o duskish_a colour_n in_o other_o place_n of_o a_o blue_a about_o certain_a shore_n of_o new_a guinee_n the_o ocean_n be_v find_v of_o a_o white_a colour_n in_o some_o other_o place_n of_o a_o yellow_a in_o streights_n the_o water_n appear_v to_o incline_v to_o white_a at_o the_o shore_n of_o congi_n not_o far_o from_o bay_a a_o d'alvaro_n gonzales_n a_o rivulet_n or_o a_o arm_n be_v disburden_v into_o the_o sea_n of_o somewhat_o a_o redish_n colour_n take_v from_o a_o mine_n of_o red_a earth_n through_o which_o it_o flow_v but_o the_o arabian_a gulf_n call_v therefore_o the_o red_a sea_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o property_n of_o the_o colour_n some_o will_v have_v the_o denomination_n take_v from_o king_n erythreus_n other_o from_o the_o splendour_n which_o the_o ray_n of_o the_o sun_n repercuss_v do_v effect_n but_o the_o more_o probable_a opinion_n and_o that_o which_o be_v confirm_v from_o experience_n be_v that_o the_o redness_n do_v arise_v from_o the_o sand_n of_o a_o red_a colour_n which_o be_v find_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o this_o sea_n and_o on_o the_o shore_n and_o be_v frequent_o admix_v with_o the_o water_n it_o the_o water_n in_o the_o red_a sea_n only_o red_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o red_a sâ—â—â—â—_n in_o it_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o admixture_n which_o seem_v contrary_a to_o the_o ponderousness_n of_o sand_n be_v the_o vehemency_n of_o the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n of_o the_o water_n or_o its_o swiftness_n and_o agitation_n in_o this_o sea_n by_o which_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o sand_n or_o gravel_n be_v agitate_a and_o move_v up_o and_o down_o and_o so_o hinder_v by_o the_o continual_a motion_n of_o the_o sea_n that_o it_o can_v rest_v mariner_n affirm_v that_o the_o water_n of_o this_o sea_n sometime_o appear_v as_o red_a as_o blood_n but_o if_o take_v up_o in_o a_o vessel_n the_o sand_n will_v sink_v down_o and_o then_o the_o water_n appear_v otherwise_o it_o often_o happen_v that_o storm_n from_o the_o red_a sea_n rush_v into_o arabia_n or_o africa_n carry_v with_o they_o so_o great_a a_o abundance_n of_o sand_n and_o cast_v it_o on_o the_o earth_n that_o it_o cover_v whole_a troop_n of_o man_n and_o beast_n whence_o proceed_v the_o true_a mummy_n whether_o from_o the_o same_o or_o another_o cause_n the_o sea_n between_o california_n and_o america_n be_v term_v red_a vermejo_n i_o have_v not_o as_o yet_o find_v it_o observe_v by_o writer_n proposition_n xvi_o certain_a peculiar_a thing_n be_v find_v in_o certain_a part_n of_o the_o ocean_n place_n of_o thing_n in_o the_o ocean_n peculiar_a to_o certain_a place_n the_o sea_n term_v diego_n sargasso_n by_o the_o portugal_n which_o begin_v not_o far_o from_o cape_n verd_fw-mi in_o africa_n about_o the_o isle_n of_o salt_n and_o extend_v itself_o from_o the_o 20_o degree_n of_o northern_a latitude_n unto_o the_o 34th_o of_o south_n latitude_n the_o colour_n of_o this_o sea_n seem_v to_o be_v green_a which_o be_v not_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o sea_n itself_o but_o of_o a_o certain_a small_a leave_a herb_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o it_o call_v by_o the_o portugal_n sargasso_n the_o leaf_n of_o this_o weed_n mutual_o complicate_v one_o into_o another_o swim_v on_o the_o face_n of_o this_o ocean_n in_o so_o continue_v a_o tract_n that_o the_o water_n can_v hardly_o be_v see_v so_o that_o the_o seaman_n afar_o off_o discover_v this_o ocean_n take_v it_o for_o a_o island_n and_o green_a land_n neither_o can_v they_o pass_v through_o this_o knot_n of_o weed_n except_o that_o they_o be_v help_v by_o a_o moderate_a wind_n at_o least_o the_o herb_n bear_v a_o small_a berry_n whence_o it_o arise_v be_v not_o yet_o know_v see_v that_o this_o sea_n be_v not_o so_o near_o any_o land_n that_o it_o shall_v have_v its_o original_n from_o they_o neither_o be_v it_o probable_a that_o it_o shall_v come_v from_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o profundity_n of_o this_o sea_n be_v such_o that_o in_o many_o place_n it_o exceed_v the_o length_n of_o any_o line_n or_o cord_n in_o the_o ocean_n not_o far_o from_o the_o promontory_n of_o good_a hope_n be_v many_o float_a redlike_a shrub_n of_o a_o great_a thickness_n discover_v unto_o which_o the_o herb_n sargasso_n be_v implicate_v seaman_n take_v it_o for_o a_o certain_a that_o if_o they_o see_v they_o thereabouts_o that_o they_o be_v near_o to_o the_o promontory_n of_o good_a hope_n or_o else_o have_v just_a past_o it_o madagascar_n coral_n find_v on_o the_o shoar_n of_o madagascar_n on_o the_o shoar_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o madagascar_n the_o ocean_n cast_v up_o red_a and_o white_a coral_n which_o augment_v like_o shrub_n under_o the_o water_n and_o although_o that_o they_o be_v soft_a in_o some_o place_n yet_o between_o madagascar_n and_o africa_n there_o be_v report_v to_o be_v rock_n of_o hard_a coral_n in_o the_o baltic_a ocean_n nigh_o to_o the_o shoar_n of_o borussia_n the_o shoar_n cast_v forth_o most_o excellent_a succinum_fw-la which_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v teach_v when_o certain_a wind_n do_v blow_n to_o draw_v up_o with_o certain_a iron_n hook_n zone_n amber_n only_o in_o the_o ocean_n in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n the_o ocean_n cast_v up_o amber_n only_o in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n viz._n at_o the_o shoar_n of_o brazile_n where_o a_o piece_n of_o 500_o l._n weight_n be_v take_v up_o by_o a_o dutch_a soldier_n and_o present_v unto_o count_n nassaw_n at_o the_o isle_n of_o madagascar_n at_o cape_n verd_fw-mi at_o the_o isle_n of_o maurice_n at_o the_o isle_n of_o sumatra_n and_o other_o indian_a isle_n garcias_n relate_v that_o a_o piece_n of_o 200_o l._n weight_n be_v find_v yea_o that_o some_o island_n consist_v whole_o of_o amber_n but_o he_o do_v not_o name_v they_o in_o the_o aethiopic_a ocean_n at_o guinea_n congo_n and_o angola_n this_o be_v peculiar_o observe_v that_o at_o the_o side_n of_o the_o keil_n of_o the_o ship_n whilst_o that_o they_o remain_v there_o green_a cockle_n like_v unto_o grass_n do_v stick_v which_o hinder_v the_o sail_v of_o the_o ship_n and_o eat_v the_o wood_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o languedock_n in_o france_n bird_n unshape_a first_o of_o all_o then_o by_o degree_n they_o receive_v form_n and_o fix_v of_o their_o bill_n in_o the_o wood_n when_o they_o begin_v to_o move_v by_o degree_n they_o be_v pull_v off_o and_o swim_v on_o the_o water_n like_o goose_n the_o excrement_n of_o the_o ocean_n term_v the_o scum_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v find_v float_v in_o
for_o some_o month_n be_v less_o frequent_a or_o not_o at_o all_o for_o either_o they_o perish_v by_o shipwreck_n be_v carry_v or_o force_v on_o the_o rock_n that_o lay_v hide_v beyond_o all_o expectation_n or_o else_o the_o seaman_n perish_v by_o famine_n be_v detain_v in_o this_o gulf_n but_o yet_o this_o motion_n be_v not_o common_a to_o the_o whole_a aethiopic_a ocean_n but_o only_o to_o that_o part_n which_o adjoin_v to_o the_o coast_n of_o guinee_n even_o to_o that_o gulf_n or_o bay_n for_o in_o the_o sea_n it_o be_v not_o find_v to_o be_v above_o the_o distance_n of_o fourteen_o mile_n from_o the_o shore_n at_o the_o distance_n of_o one_o degree_n from_o the_o aequator_fw-la therefore_o mariner_n sail_v by_o those_o coast_n be_v very_o cautious_a not_o to_o approach_v over_o near_o unto_o they_o so_o that_o they_o may_v steer_v their_o course_n according_a to_o their_o mind_n and_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o appoint_a place_n now_o it_o be_v difficult_a to_o find_v out_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o literal_a motion_n especial_o see_v that_o the_o neighbour_a ocean_n be_v move_v by_o a_o contrary_a way_n from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o west_n yet_o two_o thing_n may_v be_v say_v 1._o that_o the_o ocean_n be_v repulse_v from_o the_o coast_n of_o america_n flow_v back_o somewhat_o towards_o the_o east_n and_o because_o that_o the_o aethiopic_a ocean_n be_v extend_v in_o a_o long_a tract_n to_o the_o gulf_n of_o fernando_n poo_n therefore_o it_o reflow_v into_o this_o which_o yet_o be_v only_o discover_v at_o the_o shore_n not_o in_o the_o deep_a ocean_n because_o in_o this_o the_o contrary_a motion_n render_v it_o insensible_a but_o towards_o the_o shore_n the_o sea_n be_v move_v more_o violent_o and_o therefore_o be_v chief_o discover_v in_o that_o bay_n of_o fernando_n poo_n because_o that_o the_o sea_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o river_n flow_v in_o with_o a_o great_a violence_n be_v repel_v from_o the_o shore_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o africa_n as_o of_o congo_n 2._o there_o may_v be_v a_o certain_a subterraneous_a channel_n in_o this_o gulf_n of_o fernando_n poo_n into_o which_o the_o sea_n may_v fall_v and_o attract_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o ocean_n with_o it_o proposition_n xxiv_o the_o second_o peculiar_a perpetual_a motion_n sea_n the_o second_o peculiar_a motion_n of_o the_o sea_n about_o sumatra_n the_o sea_n flow_v from_o the_o south_n towards_o the_o north_n into_o the_o gulf_n of_o bengala_n and_o that_o with_o a_o violent_a motion_n so_o that_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o sea_n this_o gulf_n be_v make_v and_o that_o the_o cherfonesus_fw-la of_o malacca_n be_v separate_v from_o india_n whether_o the_o cause_n be_v that_o the_o ocean_n which_o tend_v towards_o the_o west_n be_v force_v from_o so_o many_o island_n and_o the_o promontory_n of_o the_o land_n of_o magellan_n so_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v carry_v violent_o flow_v towards_o the_o north_n or_o whether_o a_o subterraneous_a channel_n be_v in_o that_o gulf_n be_v to_o be_v question_v yet_o i_o suppose_v it_o be_v not_o direct_o carry_v to_o the_o north_n but_o to_o a_o collateral_a quarter_n which_o decline_v towards_o the_o west_n yea_o this_o very_a same_o motion_n be_v find_v between_o java_n and_o the_o land_n of_o magellan_n therefore_o the_o dutch_a sail_v towards_o the_o indies_n direct_v their_o course_n to_o that_o procurrent_a part_n of_o the_o land_n of_o magellan_n or_o the_o south_n continent_n and_o then_o sail_v from_o the_o south_n towards_o the_o north_n viz._n to_o java_n proposition_n xxv_o sea_n the_o three_o special_a perpetual_a motion_n of_o the_o sea_n the_o three_o special_a perpetual_a motion_n be_v observe_v between_o the_o isle_n of_o madagascar_n and_o the_o promontory_n of_o good_a hope_n especial_o on_o the_o coast_n of_o africa_n between_o terra_fw-la de_fw-fr natal_n and_o this_o promontory_n of_o good_a hope_n this_o motion_n be_v find_v from_o the_o quarter_n of_o the_o north-east_n to_o the_o southeast_n and_o from_o the_o north_n to_o the_o south_n according_a to_o the_o extension_n of_o the_o coast_n so_o vehement_a that_o ship_n with_o a_o stiff_a gale_n can_v hardly_o overcome_v it_o and_o hold_v the_o contrary_a course_n to_o madagascar_n on_o the_o contrary_a those_o who_o sail_n from_o canali_fw-la into_o madagascar_n and_o africa_n towards_o the_o promontory_n of_o good_a hope_n without_o any_o help_n of_o the_o wind_n be_v carry_v unto_o it_o by_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sea_n alone_o i_o suppose_v the_o cause_n to_o be_v the_o force_n of_o the_o ocean_n by_o a_o general_a motion_n to_o the_o coast_n of_o africa_n where_o it_o find_v a_o passage_n for_o this_o motion_n be_v not_o find_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o ocean_n or_o that_o part_n remove_v from_o the_o shore_n between_o india_n and_o africa_n from_o a_o collateral_a quarter_n but_o the_o ocean_n be_v move_v from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o west_n proposition_n xxvi_o motion_n the_o four_o special_a perpetual_a motion_n the_o four_o special_a perpetual_a motion_n be_v in_o the_o pacifick_n ocean_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o peru_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o america_n where_o the_o sea_n be_v move_v from_o the_o south_n to_o the_o north_n questionless_a the_o cause_n be_v a_o perpetual_a south_n wind_n which_o be_v find_v to_o predominate_v on_o those_o coast_n as_o we_o have_v show_v in_o our_o chapter_n of_o wind_n in_o the_o sea_n remote_a from_o the_o coast_n this_o motion_n be_v not_o discover_v neither_o this_o wind_n proposition_n xxvii_o motion_n the_o five_o special_a perpetual_a motion_n the_o five_o special_a perpetual_a motion_n be_v observe_v in_o the_o sea_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o america_n from_o the_o promontory_n of_o st._n augustin_n in_o brazile_n to_o the_o isle_n antilles_n in_o the_o gulf_n of_o mexico_n towards_o florida_n that_o be_v from_o the_o south_n to_o the_o north._n peradventure_o the_o cause_n be_v that_o the_o ocean_n be_v carry_v by_o a_o general_a motion_n towards_o brazile_n be_v repel_v and_o by_o reason_n that_o a_o more_o free_a and_o broad_a passage_n be_v grant_v towards_o the_o north_n thither_o be_v carry_v the_o like_a motion_n be_v observe_v in_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o straight_a of_o manilla_fw-la near_o the_o phillippin_n isle_n so_o in_o japan_n a_o most_o strong_a motion_n proceed_v forward_o from_o the_o port_n of_o xibuxia_n towards_o arima_fw-la proposition_n xxviii_o sea_n the_o six_o special_a perpetual_a motion_n of_o the_o sea_n the_o six_o special_a perpetual_a motion_n be_v in_o the_o straight_a le_fw-fr maire_n where_o the_o mariner_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o nassau_n find_v the_o sea_n to_o be_v carry_v from_o the_o west_n into_o the_o east_n but_o one_o observation_n suffice_v not_o especial_o see_v that_o le_fw-fr more_o write_v the_o contrary_a more_o special_a motion_n be_v find_v in_o the_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n at_o or_o near_o the_o coast_n but_o as_o yet_o they_o be_v not_o accurate_o enough_o observe_v or_o describe_v proposition_n xxix_o unto_o the_o special_a perpetual_a motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n also_o those_o do_v pertain_v which_o great_a river_n cause_n where_o they_o exonerate_v themselves_o into_o the_o sea_n so_o on_o the_o coast_n of_o africa_n loango_n congo_n for_o ten_o or_o twelve_o mile_n from_o the_o shore_n be_v a_o strong_a motion_n of_o the_o sea_n from_o the_o coast_n towards_o the_o west_n because_o many_o river_n among_o which_o be_v the_o great_a river_n zaire_n cast_v themselves_o with_o a_o violence_n into_o the_o sea_n sea_n the_o river_n zaire_n cast_v itself_o with_o a_o violent_a motion_n into_o the_o sea_n and_o so_o repel_v the_o sea_n which_o motion_n be_v help_v by_o the_o general_a motion_n therefore_o some_o day_n be_v require_v that_o ship_n may_v touch_v those_o ghost_n although_o they_o may_v be_v distant_a only_a one_o or_o two_o mile_n from_o they_o so_o at_o the_o isle_n lamon_n adjacent_a to_o the_o coast_n of_o china_n the_o sea_n be_v move_v from_o the_o shore_n towards_o the_o east_n contrary_a to_o the_o general_a motion_n which_o be_v from_o the_o east_n towards_o china_n this_o contrary_a motion_n be_v cause_v by_o the_o impetuous_a flux_n of_o the_o great_a river_n thoucoan_n in_o china_n but_o in_o the_o sea_n more_o remote_a from_o china_n this_o motion_n be_v obstruct_v by_o the_o general_a motion_n neither_o be_v it_o discover_v beyond_o the_o isle_n of_o branco_n hitherto_o concern_v the_o special_a perpetual_a motion_n a_o little_a must_v be_v subjoin_v concern_v the_o special_a fix_v and_o anniversary_n motion_n proposition_n xxx_o great_a be_v the_o variety_n of_o the_o special_a cease_n or_o periodical_a motion_n and_o those_o periodical_a fix_v and_o anniversary_n motion_n do_v all_o almost_o arise_v from_o anniversary_n and_o state_v wind_n and_o state_v or_o fix_v wind_n of_o one_o
many_o example_n of_o the_o inundation_n of_o the_o ocean_n as_o former_o in_o thessaly_n and_o not_o long_o since_o in_o friezland_n and_o holsatia_n 3._o when_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o same_o cause_n it_o penetrate_v the_o firm_a land_n and_o make_v island_n by_o this_o mode_n we_o have_v say_v in_o the_o former_a proposition_n that_o it_o be_v likely_a that_o that_o sea_n have_v its_o original_n which_o interflow_v between_o those_o innumerable_a oriental_a isle_n and_o that_o which_o flow_v between_o the_o maldivian_n isle_n and_o india_n and_o also_o between_o the_o gulf_n of_o bengala_n and_o camboja_n 4._o when_o it_o by_o degree_n eat_v and_o consume_v the_o coast_n or_o shore_n and_o so_o in_o progress_n of_o time_n cover_v some_o part_n of_o the_o shore_n and_o of_o the_o adjacent_a land_n so_o the_o baltic_a sea_n invade_v the_o coast_n of_o pomerania_n and_o destroy_v the_o famous_a town_n or_o empory_n of_o vinetam_n so_o take_v away_o the_o island_n from_o the_o coast_n of_o norway_n it_o let_v in_o itself_o between_o these_o isle_n and_o the_o continent_n so_o the_o german_a ocean_n have_v possess_v the_o shore_n of_o holland_n near_o the_o village_n of_o the_o catti_n in_o a_o great_a space_n of_o land_n so_o that_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o british_a tower_n formerly_z a_o fortress_n or_o castle_n of_o the_o roman_n now_o lie_v inconspicuous_a be_v cover_v with_o water_n far_o from_o the_o shore_n in_o the_o sea_n the_o ocean_n have_v take_v from_o the_o north_n part_n of_o the_o island_n of_o ceilan_n the_o space_n of_o 20_o mile_n so_o that_o at_o this_o day_n it_o be_v far_o lesser_a than_o it_o be_v and_o there_o be_v many_o more_o example_n of_o the_o like_a kind_n corollary_n from_o hence_o we_o may_v collect_v that_o those_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n where_o now_o the_o ocean_n be_v in_o time_n past_a be_v land_n and_o again_o shall_v be_v land_n to_o wit_n if_o that_o we_o do_v suppose_v that_o the_o earth_n have_v continue_v so_o many_o thousand_o year_n and_o shall_v yet_o continue_v concern_v this_o argument_n you_o may_v consult_v aristotle_n in_o the_o first_o book_n of_o his_o meteor_n and_o the_o twelve_o chapter_n and_o stevinus_n in_o his_o geography_n if_o that_o you_o demand_v how_o the_o ocean_n shall_v occupy_v the_o place_n of_o mountain_n that_o then_o the_o mountain_n shall_v not_o be_v cover_v by_o the_o sea_n but_o shall_v then_o become_v either_o rock_n or_o island_n other_o earth_n be_v force_v unto_o they_o that_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o example_n of_o many_o island_n yea_o almost_o of_o all_o because_o that_o experience_n testify_v that_o almost_o all_o isle_n have_v mountain_n in_o the_o midst_n as_o ceilan_n sumatra_n java_n furthermore_o some_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o mountain_n as_o st._n helena_n ascension_n the_o hesperides_n and_o the_o like_a see_v therefore_o that_o those_o place_n of_o the_o ocean_n in_o which_o those_o isle_n lie_v in_o age_n to_o come_v shall_v be_v or_o already_o have_v be_v land_n than_o indeed_o the_o mountain_n of_o these_o isle_n shall_v be_v mountain_n of_o the_o continent_n proposition_n xviii_o whether_o it_o be_v possible_a that_o the_o whole_a superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n shall_v become_v dry_a or_o land_n or_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v all_o liquid_a or_o cover_v with_o water_n that_o the_o most_o part_n shall_v be_v of_o a_o earthy_a superficies_n at_o one_o time_n more_o than_o at_o another_o or_o that_o more_o shall_v be_v cover_v with_o water_n water_n of_o the_o whole_a superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n whether_o it_o may_v become_v all_o land_n or_o all_o water_n 1._o that_o sometime_o the_o land_n shall_v possess_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n than_o at_o another_o also_o that_o which_o be_v a_o consequence_n to_o the_o former_a that_o water_n at_o one_o time_n shall_v possess_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n more_o than_o at_o another_o have_v be_v sufficient_o show_v in_o the_o second_o proposition_n of_o this_o chapter_n 2._o whether_o the_o water_n or_o ocean_n can_v cover_v the_o whole_a earth_n so_o that_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o earth_n or_o island_n above_o it_o and_o so_o cause_v a_o universal_a stand_v unto_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o a_o mode_n may_v be_v conceive_v and_o explain_v by_o which_o it_o may_v natural_o be_v do_v but_o yet_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o compaction_n of_o the_o land_n and_o altitude_n of_o the_o mountain_n it_o be_v scarce_o probable_a that_o any_o such_o thing_n will_v be_v the_o mode_n by_o which_o it_o may_v be_v do_v be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o explain_v in_o the_o second_o proposition_n for_o if_o that_o the_o ocean_n continual_o eat_v the_o land_n from_o the_o shore_n and_o lay_v it_o down_o in_o the_o profound_a part_n of_o its_o channel_n and_o do_v this_o in_o a_o perpetual_a course_n of_o time_n than_o it_o shall_v take_v away_o all_o the_o land_n of_o the_o superficies_n or_o extant_a part_n and_o itself_o shall_v cover_v all_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o mountain_n shall_v either_o be_v make_v rock_n or_o shall_v by_o degree_n sink_v and_o fall_v their_o foundation_n be_v consume_v by_o the_o vehement_a force_n of_o the_o water_n but_o this_o may_v be_v do_v more_o easy_o if_o that_o we_o will_v follow_v their_o opinion_n who_o attribute_v a_o great_a height_n to_o the_o ocean_n than_o to_o the_o land_n but_o we_o have_v in_o the_o precedent_a discourse_n sufficient_o confute_v that_o opinion_n 3._o whether_o that_o the_o land_n can_v so_o occupy_v the_o whole_a superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n so_o that_o all_o the_o water_n and_o the_o whole_a ocean_n may_v be_v contain_v in_o the_o cavern_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o in_o the_o subterraneous_a passage_n and_o cover_v by_o the_o earth_n unto_o this_o i_o answer_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o it_o be_v not_o impossible_a and_o that_o a_o mode_n may_v be_v conceive_v by_o which_o it_o may_v be_v do_v but_o yet_o scarce_o ever_o shall_v be_v now_o there_o be_v only_o one_o mode_n to_o be_v conceive_v viz._n that_o if_o now_o there_o be_v or_o may_v be_v so_o many_o cavity_n within_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o earth_n within_o the_o which_o the_o ocean_n may_v be_v contain_v for_o neither_o have_v it_o be_v demonstrate_v by_o any_o as_o hitherto_o that_o such_o cavity_n be_v not_o in_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o if_o they_o be_v not_o but_o that_o they_o may_v be_v do_v 1._o by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o 2._o by_o subterraneous_a wind_n proposition_n xix_o why_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o ocean_n no_o island_n be_v find_v and_o no_o abundancy_n of_o isle_n but_o most_o at_o great_a continent_n or_o great_a island_n ocean_n no_o isle_n find_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o ocean_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o proposition_n we_o ought_v not_o to_o doubt_v for_o experience_n manifest_o prove_v it_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o vast_a pacifick_n ocean_n between_o africa_n and_o brasilia_n beside_o the_o isle_n of_o sancta_fw-la helena_n and_o that_o of_o the_o ascension_n few_o be_v find_v but_o about_o the_o shore_n of_o the_o continent_n or_o in_o the_o ocean_n not_o far_o from_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o great_a continent_n all_o island_n be_v those_o few_o only_o except_v which_o i_o have_v speak_v of_o this_o may_v especial_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o in_o those_o numerous_a one_o that_o we_o term_v troop_n of_o isle_n which_o be_v all_o near_a the_o continent_n the_o troop_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o the_o aegean_a sea_n adjoin_v to_o europe_n and_o asia_n the_o hesperide_n to_o africa_n the_o maldivian_n isle_n to_o india_n as_o also_o all_o the_o indian_a isle_n between_o asia_n and_o the_o south_n continent_n only_o the_o flandrian_a isle_n or_o azore_n seem_v to_o be_v situate_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o ocean_n between_o the_o old_a world_n and_o america_n although_o that_o they_o be_v more_o near_o to_o that_o than_o to_o this_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o phenomenon_n or_o situation_n of_o the_o island_n without_o doubt_n be_v that_o they_o have_v a_o be_v from_o the_o irruption_n of_o the_o ocean_n into_o the_o continent_n by_o which_o violence_n the_o land_n of_o the_o continent_n be_v separate_v but_o because_o the_o altitude_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v not_o so_o great_a that_o it_o can_v cover_v all_o the_o land_n intercept_v thence_o here_o and_o there_o between_o the_o continent_n and_o at_o the_o continent_n troop_n of_o island_n do_v arise_v also_o it_o be_v likely_a that_o some_o of_o they_o be_v generate_v by_o another_o mode_n viz._n because_o the_o ocean_n can_v carry_v the_o land_n separate_v and_o cut_v off_o any_o long_a space_n with_o it_o but_o suffer_v they_o by_o degree_n to_o subside_v
from_o the_o middle_n and_o send_v forth_o ray_n it_o signify_v a_o moist_a and_o windy_a season_n 3._o if_o that_o the_o sun_n be_v pale_a in_o his_o set_n but_o if_o it_o be_v red_a the_o air_n will_v be_v quiet_a and_o serene_a the_o next_o day_n 4._o if_o the_o sun_n be_v pale_a set_v in_o black_a cloud_n it_o signify_v a_o northwind_n 5._o if_o that_o the_o moon_n be_v red_a like_o unto_o gold_n it_o be_v deem_v a_o certain_a sign_n of_o a_o wind_n according_a to_o the_o verse_n pallida_fw-la luna_fw-la pluit_fw-la rubicunda_fw-la fiat_fw-la alba_fw-la serenat_fw-la 6._o a_o circle_n about_o the_o moon_n 7._o if_o that_o the_o northern-horn_n or_o corner_n of_o the_o moon_n appear_v more_o extend_v a_o northwind_n be_v approach_v 8._o if_o that_o the_o southern_a a_o southwind_n be_v at_o hand_n 9_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o moon_n and_o the_o more_o note_a star_n as_o of_o the_o bear_n orion_n and_o especial_o the_o goat_n with_o the_o sun_n 10._o if_o the_o small_a star_n in_o cancer_n term_v asellos_fw-la be_v cover_v with_o a_o cloud_n if_o the_o northern_a of_o they_o be_v cover_v the_o wind_n will_v be_v south_n if_o the_o southren_n be_v cover_v it_o will_v be_v north._n 11._o for_o the_o most_o part_n wind_n begin_v to_o blow_v when_o that_o the_o wind_n cease_v 12._o when_o a_o certain_a noise_n and_o murmur_n like_v to_o a_o ebullition_n be_v hear_v in_o the_o sea_n 13._o the_o ancient_n also_o prognosticate_v from_o the_o raven_n the_o dolphin_n and_o other_o animal_n 14._o from_o fiery_a meteor_n as_o from_o lightning_n and_o falling-star_n but_o not_o from_o the_o ignes_fw-la fatui_fw-la proposition_n xviii_o why_o in_o the_o spring_n and_o autumn_n the_o wind_n be_v more_o frequent_a and_o blow_v with_o great_a force_n than_o in_o the_o hot_a summer_n or_o cold_a winter_n winter_n great_a and_o more_o frequent_a wind_n in_o spring_n and_o autumn_n than_o in_o summer_n and_o cold_a winter_n in_o the_o spring_n it_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v partly_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o dissolve_v of_o snow_n especial_o in_o mountainous_a place_n partly_o because_o that_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v then_o open_v and_o send_v forth_o many_o exhalation_n partly_o because_o that_o the_o air_n and_o vapour_n be_v then_o more_o thin_a when_o that_o they_o be_v condense_v in_o the_o winter_n add_v that_o for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o the_o month_n before_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o spring_n and_o in_o the_o very_a spring_n many_o ray_n do_v fall_v by_o reason_n that_o humid_a constellation_n than_o have_v possess_v those_o house_n of_o the_o zodiac_n into_o which_o on_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o sun_n we_o account_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o spring_n and_o also_o in_o autumn_n the_o frequent_a ray_n and_o exhalation_n be_v to_o be_v account_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o wind_n as_o well_o as_o in_o the_o spring_n by_o reason_n that_o a_o moderate_a heat_n proceed_v from_o the_o sun_n advance_v the_o vapour_n and_o exhalation_n yet_o such_o as_o be_v more_o thick_a and_o less_o attenuate_v but_o in_o the_o heat_n of_o summer_n there_o be_v no_o wind_n for_o the_o most_o part_n for_o the_o same_o reason_n by_o reason_n of_o which_o ray_n be_v very_o seldom_o see_v at_o that_o season_n viz._n because_o that_o the_o sun_n overmuch_o attenuate_v the_o exhalation_n and_o do_v not_o permit_v they_o so_o to_o conjoin_v or_o meet_v in_o such_o a_o quantity_n as_o be_v require_v to_o the_o generation_n of_o the_o wind_n which_o cause_n be_v not_o general_a or_o always_o true_a and_o neither_o be_v it_o general_o true_a that_o in_o the_o heat_n of_o summer_n there_o be_v no_o wind_n for_o here_o we_o be_v only_o to_o understand_v it_o concern_v that_o which_o oftentimes_o happen_v but_o in_o the_o sharp_a winter_n the_o wind_n be_v more_o rare_a and_o that_o by_o reason_n that_o both_o few_o vapour_n be_v raise_v from_o the_o earth_n and_o those_o also_o that_o be_v elevate_v be_v either_o condense_a into_o cloud_n or_o be_v so_o dissipate_v by_o frost_n that_o they_o cause_v no_o wind_n proposition_n xix_o in_o what_o altitude_n of_o the_o air_n or_o in_o what_o region_n of_o the_o air_n the_o wind_n begin_v to_o blow_v blow_v in_o what_o region_n the_o wind_n begin_v to_o blow_v there_o be_v some_o that_o suppose_v the_o wind_n not_o to_o exceed_v the_o low_a region_n of_o the_o air_n because_o that_o they_o discover_v that_o the_o top_n of_o the_o high_a mountain_n as_o olympus_n feel_v no_o blast_n but_o i_o question_v the_o observation_n see_v that_o the_o smoke_n cast_v forth_o from_o the_o top_n of_o mount_n aetna_n be_v discern_v to_o be_v move_v to_o and_o fro_o by_o the_o wind_n therefore_o i_o suppose_v that_o such_o a_o windy_a commotion_n may_v be_v cause_v also_o in_o the_o upper_a region_n of_o the_o air._n proposition_n xx._n unto_o what_o space_n one_o and_o the_o same_o wind_n may_v extend_v itself_o itself_o how_o far_o one_o and_o the_o same_o wind_n may_v extend_v itself_o there_o be_v great_a diversity_n in_o this_o matter_n for_o the_o wind_n blow_v from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o west_n under_o the_o torrid_a zone_n seem_v to_o encompass_v the_o whole_a earth_n and_o those_o also_o that_o blow_n either_o from_o the_o north_n or_o south_n for_o many_o day_n and_o long_a space_n be_v wont_a to_o accompany_v and_o follow_v mariner_n the_o same_o seem_v true_a concern_v collateral_a line_n but_o this_o diversity_n be_v because_o that_o the_o same_o wind_n be_v different_a in_o divers_a place_n as_o we_o have_v show_v in_o the_o ten_o proposition_n in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o explication_n of_o the_o first_o cause_n chap._n xxi_o of_o the_o wind_n in_o particular_a and_o tempest_n in_o the_o forego_n chapter_n we_o have_v allege_v the_o distribution_n and_o difference_n or_o rather_o the_o denomination_n of_o the_o wind_n which_o they_o receive_v from_o the_o quarter_n from_o whence_o they_o blow_v or_o seem_v to_o blow_v which_o division_n also_o be_v 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wind_n blow_v from_o other_o quarter_n the_o cause_n of_o the_o more_o or_o less_o duration_n of_o the_o same_o wind_n also_o of_o the_o swift_a immutation_n seem_v to_o be_v 1._o if_o that_o it_o be_v from_o a_o general_a cause_n or_o from_o a_o cause_n less_o constant_a so_o wind_n proceed_v from_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o air_n with_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n be_v constant_a so_o those_o also_o that_o blow_n from_o the_o dissolve_v of_o the_o snow_n especial_o in_o the_o mountain_n 2._o if_o that_o by_o chance_n there_o be_v no_o such_o vapour_n in_o other_o quarter_n which_o be_v apt_a to_o generate_v wind_n 3._o if_o that_o the_o circumambient_a air_n about_o the_o cloud_n of_o which_o the_o wind_n be_v generate_v be_v more_o thick_a and_o grant_v no_o passage_n to_o the_o exhalation_n but_o if_o that_o the_o air_n be_v not_o so_o thick_a or_o more_o relax_v and_o that_o few_o vapour_n be_v here_o and_o there_o in_o divers_a place_n and_o 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the_o season_n in_o many_o place_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n be_v contrary_a to_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n viz._n that_o it_o be_v summer_n there_o when_o the_o sun_n be_v most_o distant_a and_o winter_n when_o he_o be_v near_o yea_o vertical_a to_o the_o vertex_fw-la therefore_o we_o have_v distinguish_v the_o season_n into_o celestial_a and_o terrestrial_a we_o have_v show_v heretofore_o and_o that_o in_o the_o three_o and_o four_o proposition_n how_o any_o place_n be_v give_v in_o that_o torrid_a zone_n the_o month_n of_o the_o year_n be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o which_o the_o place_n ought_v to_o have_v summer_n spring_n autumn_n and_o winter_n if_o we_o have_v regard_n to_o the_o access_n and_o recess_n of_o the_o sun_n that_o be_v we_o have_v teach_v to_o design_n the_o time_n of_o the_o celestial_a season_n but_o see_v that_o in_o many_o place_n of_o this_o zone_n the_o forementioned_a season_n do_v not_o happen_v in_o those_o month_n but_o in_o other_o and_o that_o in_o 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their_o negligence_n and_o sloth_n yet_o in_o one_o itinerary_n i_o have_v read_v that_o in_o one_o of_o the_o island_n which_o lie_v not_o far_o from_o the_o promontory_n of_o cape_n verd_fw-mi by_o name_n salinae_n or_o the_o hesperides_n in_o one_o of_o they_o i_o say_v call_v st._n vincent_n the_o latitude_n be_v 16_o degree_n the_o watery_a month_n that_o be_v winter_n be_v august_n september_n november_n december_n january_n even_o to_o february_n this_o time_n almost_o agree_v with_o the_o celestial_a cause_n for_o in_o the_o month_n of_o may_n june_n and_o july_n because_o the_o sun_n be_v very_o near_o or_o else_o vertical_a to_o that_o place_n therefore_o it_o make_v the_o celestial_a summer_n and_o here_o the_o terrestrial_a agree_v with_o it_o for_o than_o they_o have_v a_o great_a heat_n and_o dry_a air_n without_o rain_n in_o the_o month_n of_o february_n march_n and_o april_n be_v their_o spring_n be-because_a the_o sun_n be_v move_v from_o a_o moderate_a distance_n to_o a_o lesser_a therefore_o they_o be_v then_o without_o rain_n and_o have_v a_o moderate_a heat_n the_o month_n of_o august_n september_n and_o october_n be_v to_o be_v ascribe_v to_o autumn_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o rain_n although_o it_o ought_v to_o begin_v latter_a because_o the_o sun_n in_o august_n have_v not_o yet_o return_v from_o his_o least_o distance_n to_o his_o mean_v last_o the_o month_n november_n december_n and_o january_n be_v winter_n because_o the_o sun_n have_v then_o the_o great_a distance_n from_o their_o vertex_fw-la and_o then_o they_o find_v more_o and_o long_o continue_v rain_n with_o some_o cold_a but_o this_o be_v not_o to_o be_v observe_v every_o year_n though_o most_o year_n but_o how_o the_o season_n be_v in_o the_o continent_n of_o africa_n be_v not_o relate_v except_o that_o concern_v the_o shore_n of_o sierra_n leon_n it_o be_v contrary_a as_o we_o shall_v now_o speak_v 2._o now_o succeed_v the_o region_n of_o the_o coast_n of_o africa_n which_o look_v towards_o the_o south_n and_o extend_v themselves_o from_o the_o promontory_n of_o cape_n verd_fw-mi to_o the_o curvature_n or_o bend_a part_n of_o africa_n that_o be_v from_o the_o west_n to_o east_n these_o region_n be_v term_v by_o one_o name_n guiny_n although_o other_o attribute_v this_o term_n only_o to_o one_o part_n now_o they_o lie_v in_o the_o torrid_a northern_a zone_n 3.4_o and_o more_o degree_n from_o the_o aequator_fw-la in_o these_o region_n there_o be_v a_o continual_a heat_n of_o the_o air_n without_o any_o intervening_a cold_a yet_o they_o attribute_v some_o month_n to_o the_o summer_n and_o some_o to_o the_o winter_n i_o think_v the_o same_o must_v be_v understand_v of_o the_o former_a western_a coast_n for_o in_o the_o region_n of_o the_o shore_n call_v sierra_n leon_n which_o be_v remove_v above_o 9_o degree_n from_o the_o aequator_fw-la towards_o the_o north_n as_o also_o in_o many_o tract_n of_o guiny_n they_o ascribe_v the_o month_n march_v april_n may_n june_n and_o july_n to_o winter_n especial_o the_o three_o first_o by_o reason_n that_o on_o these_o month_n there_o fall_v frequent_a and_o almost_o continual_a rain_n hot_a or_o warm_a great_a thunder_n and_o lightning_n and_o so_o great_a storm_n rage_n without_o violent_a wind_n that_o none_o can_v easy_o conceive_v they_o 21._o see_v chap._n 21._o who_o have_v not_o have_v experience_n of_o they_o how_o they_o rage_v i_o have_v already_o speak_v also_o in_o these_o month_n the_o field_n lie_v barren_a but_o when_o these_o stormy_a month_n be_v expire_v than_o they_o dig_v up_o the_o dry_a earth_n which_o have_v suck_v up_o the_o great_a rain_n in_o the_o say_v wet_a month_n and_o mix_v stamp_v and_o bruise_a coal_n instead_o of_o manure_v and_o so_o for_o the_o space_n of_o 10_o day_n suffer_v the_o earth_n to_o putrify_v and_o then_o they_o sow_v their_o seed_n there_o be_v here_o so_o great_a a_o heat_n of_o the_o air_n join_v with_o humidity_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o propinquity_n of_o the_o sea_n that_o the_o fish_n which_o be_v take_v stink_n if_o keep_v undress_v half_a a_o day_n therefore_o in_o these_o place_n the_o winter_n shall_v be_v in_o april_n may_n and_o june_n when_o the_o storm_n and_o rains_n rage_n the_o spring_n in_o july_n august_n and_o september_n the_o summer_n in_o october_n november_n and_o december_n and_o the_o autumn_n in_o january_n february_n and_o march_v where_o the_o rain_n and_o storm_n do_v begin_v now_o all_o these_o time_n of_o the_o season_n in_o those_o place_n be_v contrary_a to_o the_o celestial_a cause_n or_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n for_o in_o the_o month_n of_o may_n june_n and_o july_n great_a heat_n ought_v to_o be_v there_o because_o then_o the_o sun_n be_v then_o vertical_a or_o near_o the_o vertex_fw-la which_o the_o heat_n or_o warmness_n of_o the_o rain_n also_o
february_n in_o congo_n here_o therefore_o the_o terrestrial_a season_n be_v repugnant_a to_o the_o celestial_a because_o that_o in_o january_n and_o february_n the_o sun_n be_v not_o most_o remote_a from_o those_o place_n and_o therefore_o they_o shall_v not_o have_v rain_n but_o rather_o siccity_n without_o doubt_v the_o cause_n be_v either_o from_o another_o situation_n of_o the_o mountain_n another_o fix_a wind_n or_o the_o like_a 6._o the_o island_n of_o st._n thomas_n thomas_n see_v the_o description_n of_o st._n thomas_n and_o anobon_n be_v very_o abundant_a in_o sugar_n grain_n fruit_n and_o meat_n and_o great_a plenty_n of_o orange_n etc._n etc._n 7._o how_o the_o season_n be_v in_o the_o other_o region_n of_o the_o occidental_a coast_n of_o africa_n from_o lowango_n to_o the_o tropic_a of_o capricorn_n i_o have_v not_o yet_o find_v to_o be_v observe_v by_o any_o one_o 8._o therefore_o that_o shore_n be_v leave_v and_o the_o promontory_n of_o good-hope_a be_v sail_v about_o we_o return_v to_o the_o tropic_a of_o capricorn_n where_o the_o oriental_a coast_n of_o the_o promontory_n or_o tongue_n of_o africa_n be_v discover_v in_o which_o lie_v zofala_n mozambique_n quiloa_n even_o to_o the_o aequator_fw-la which_o be_v illustrate_v by_o the_o oriental_a sun_n in_o these_o place_n the_o winter_n be_v in_o the_o month_n of_o september_n november_n december_n and_o january_n in_o the_o rest_n siccity_n and_o summer_n which_o time_n be_v contrary_a to_o that_o in_o which_o in_o congo_n we_o have_v say_v that_o they_o have_v the_o rain_n in_o winter_n and_o yet_o these_o region_n lie_v from_o the_o aequator_fw-la but_o the_o ridge_n of_o mountain_n which_o double_o divide_v this_o prominent_a tongue_n of_o africa_n into_o the_o eastern_a and_o western_a land_n questionless_a be_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o diversity_n the_o land_n of_o these_o region_n be_v only_o of_o a_o moderate_a fertility_n in_o many_o place_n sandy_a barren_a and_o scorch_v with_o the_o chalure_n of_o the_o sun_n but_o the_o river_n the_o adjacent_a sea_n and_o general_a eastern_o wind_n much_o allay_v the_o heat_n 9_o the_o other_o region_n of_o the_o oriental_a coast_n of_o africa_n lie_v from_o the_o aequator_fw-la towards_o the_o north_n at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o arabian_a gulf_n and_o hence_o to_o the_o shore_n of_o the_o say_a gulf_n even_o to_o the_o tropic_a of_o cancer_n these_o region_n i_o say_v what_o season_v they_o have_v and_o in_o what_o time_n of_o the_o year_n i_o have_v not_o yet_o find_v observe_v by_o any_o but_o that_o some_o write_v that_o this_o tract_n be_v barren_a sandy_a oppress_v with_o such_o a_o violent_a heat_n and_o destitute_a of_o river_n 10._o as_o to_o the_o season_n in_o the_o mediterranean_a part_n of_o africa_n which_o be_v the_o region_n of_o the_o abyssine_n which_o be_v cut_v almost_o in_o the_o middle_n by_o the_o aequator_fw-la so_o that_o it_o have_v some_o province_n in_o the_o southern_a torrid_a zone_n and_o very_o many_o in_o the_o northern_a torrid_a zone_n 11._o now_o leave_v africa_n we_o enter_v the_o region_n of_o asia_n lie_v under_o the_o torrid_a zone_n where_o first_o we_o meet_v with_o the_o region_n of_o arabia_n adjacent_a to_o the_o red_a sea_n from_o mecca_n to_o aden_n 12_o degree_n from_o the_o aequator_fw-la towards_o the_o north_n which_o regard_n the_o west_n day_n the_o merchant_n at_o aden_n negoriate_v their_o affair_n in_o the_o night_n season_n by_o reason_n of_o heat_n in_o the_o day_n on_o the_o east_n they_o have_v the_o arabian_a mountain_n these_o region_n be_v exceed_o infest_a with_o heat_n in_o march_n and_o april_n and_o more_o in_o the_o follow_a month_n whilst_o the_o sun_n approach_v to_o their_o vertex_fw-la and_o about_o it_o it_o remain_v may_n june_n july_n and_o august_n the_o chalure_n be_v so_o great_a that_o the_o inhabitant_n especial_o the_o better_a sort_n cause_n water_n to_o be_v pour_v on_o their_o body_n all_o the_o day_n long_o or_o else_o lie_v in_o vessel_n of_o water_n to_o refresh_v they_o i_o suppose_v the_o cause_n to_o be_v the_o defect_n of_o watery_a vapour_n because_o on_o the_o oriental_a part_n the_o region_n be_v rocky_a and_o have_v but_o few_o river_n now_o the_o oriental_a wind_n which_o be_v general_a although_o it_o be_v not_o there_o perceive_v repell_v the_o vapour_n rise_v from_o the_o red_a sea_n likewise_o the_o abundance_n of_o sand_n which_o retain_v the_o heat_n receive_v in_o the_o night_n and_o communicate_v it_o to_o the_o air._n therefore_o this_o time_n of_o the_o summer_n and_o winter_n agree_v with_o the_o celestial_a course_n 12._o the_o same_o be_v the_o case_n of_o all_o arabia_n and_o its_o eastern_a coast_n 13._o in_o camboja_n in_o india_n lie_v under_o the_o tropic_a of_o cancer_n as_o also_o in_o the_o region_n of_o malabar_n or_o the_o eastern_a coast_n of_o the_o indies_n which_o regard_v the_o west_n and_o extend_v themselves_o from_o the_o north_n towards_o the_o south_n to_o the_o eight_o degree_n of_o north_n latitude_n i_o say_v these_o region_n the_o winter_n or_o rainy_a season_n possess_v the_o month_n of_o june_n july_n august_n and_o september_n but_o especial_o from_o the_o middle_n of_o june_n to_o the_o middle_n of_o september_n neither_o in_o all_o these_o place_n do_v it_o rain_n in_o a_o equal_a time_n but_o more_o continual_o in_o the_o province_n of_o goana_n and_o cocina_n and_o less_o in_o camboja_n where_o it_o only_o rain_v three_o month_n in_o the_o other_o eight_o month_n it_o seldom_o rain_v in_o camboja_n but_o in_o goa_n in_o the_o month_n of_o april_n and_o may_v it_o rain_v but_o less_o vehement_a and_o beginning_n with_o thunder_n and_o storm_n so_o that_o to_o autumn_n here_o may_v be_v ascribe_v half_o the_o month_n of_o march_n also_o april_n and_o may_v to_o the_o 15_o of_o june_n then_o from_o the_o 15_o of_o june_n july_n and_o august_n to_o winter_n likewise_o from_o the_o 15_o of_o september_n to_o december_n the_o spring_n the_o other_o month_n from_o the_o 15_o of_o december_n to_o the_o 15_o of_o march_n to_o summer_n fall_v the_o winter_n be_v not_o so_o call_v from_o the_o cold_a as_o with_o we_o but_o from_o the_o rain_n which_o then_o fall_v for_o in_o these_o month_n be_v great_a drought_n because_o that_o the_o water_n of_o the_o former_a rain_n be_v extract_v by_o the_o sun_n from_o the_o earth_n yet_o the_o inhabitant_n do_v not_o number_v four_o season_n but_o only_o two_o summer_n and_o winter_n or_o rather_o a_o dry_a and_o a_o rainy_a season_n beside_o these_o rain_n there_o be_v frequent_a storm_n on_o the_o coast_n and_o also_o thunder_v in_o those_o rainy_a month_n so_o that_o the_o sea_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v then_o shut_v up_o and_o many_o river_n then_o overflow_v the_o sea_n be_v open_a again_o in_o the_o month_n of_o september_n and_o then_o ship_n put_v forth_o to_o sea_n from_o the_o coast_n of_o malabar_n into_o various_a part_n of_o the_o world_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o violent_a rain_n in_o these_o place_n in_o the_o field_n except_o some_o storm_n by_o reason_n that_o it_o cease_v for_o many_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n therefore_o it_o afford_v the_o inhabitant_n a_o time_n of_o plant_v and_o sow_v which_o they_o do_v in_o these_o watery_a month_n the_o air_n also_o be_v of_o a_o moderate_a heat_n at_o that_o time_n because_o the_o sun_n be_v obstruct_v with_o cloud_n so_o that_o the_o remote_a inhabitant_n expatiate_v from_o the_o shore_n to_o the_o hill_n and_o field_n for_o recreation_n where_o the_o inundation_n be_v not_o great_a and_o incredible_a fertility_n be_v acquire_v to_o the_o earth_n by_o this_o rain_n but_o if_o these_o rain_n fall_v not_o on_o the_o year_n as_o in_o anno_fw-la 1630._o which_o seldom_o happen_v than_o all_o hope_n of_o sow_v and_o consequent_o harvest_n be_v take_v away_o thence_o come_v scarcity_n of_o corn_n a_o hot_a sultery_n air_n burn_v fever_n pestilence_n and_o death_n of_o thousand_o of_o people_n in_o the_o say_a year_n 1630_o 1630._o a_o great_a famine_n in_o camboja_n in_o 1630._o and_o the_o year_n follow_v man_n flesh_n be_v public_o sell_v in_o the_o shambles_n in_o camboja_n sometime_o the_o shore_n do_v so_o rage_v that_o the_o house_n which_o be_v but_o slight_o build_v fall_v by_o the_o inundation_n of_o the_o river_n they_o sow_v in_o may_n and_o the_o beginning_n of_o june_n and_o reap_v in_o november_n and_o december_n it_o be_v otherwise_o in_o guiny_n this_o summer_n and_o this_o winter_n be_v contrary_a to_o the_o celestial_a course_n or_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n for_o in_o the_o month_n of_o july_n and_o august_n the_o sun_n be_v vertical_a to_o those_o place_n or_o very_o near_o the_o vertex_fw-la therefore_o they_o must_v have_v heat_n and_o drought_n this_o be_v the_o great_a felicity_n of_o those_o place_n
cordovant_n and_o of_o their_o hair_n plain_a and_o water_a chamlet_n also_o store_n of_o cattle_n grain_n excellent_a fruit_n among_o other_o their_o grape_n as_o big_a as_o pullets-egg_n they_o have_v plenty_n of_o fowl_n commodity_n the_o fertility_n &_o commodity_n and_o their_o river_n breed_v store_n of_o fish_n ducala_n province_n of_o ducala_n ducala_n the_o most_o northern_a part_n of_o morocco_n and_o possess_v that_o which_o be_v between_o the_o river_n tensift_n and_o ommiraby_n a_o land_n fruitful_a for_o grain_n it_o be_v best_a city_n be_v 1._o azamor_n where_o the_o ommiraby_n enlarge_v and_o form_n a_o gulf_n to_o disburden_v itself_o into_o the_o sea_n which_o before_o the_o portugal_n become_v master_n of_o it_o have_v above_o 5000_o house_n it_o sell_v again_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o moor_n and_o entire_o restore_v have_v a_o strong_a garrison_n 2._o elmadine_n towards_o the_o sea_n and_o in_o a_o fair_a plain_n have_v be_v esteem_v the_o capital_a of_o the_o country_n 3._o magrizena-sanut_a which_o they_o have_v fortify_v and_o on_o the_o same_o coast_n have_v dismantle_v tite_n the_o easy_a to_o fetch_v in_o tribute_n thence_o and_o from_o the_o neighbour_a place_n 4._o asafi_n or_o satfy_v not_o far_o from_o tensift_n be_v strong_a and_o have_v a_o good_a trade_n where_o the_o french_a have_v a_o consul_n morocco_n kingdom_n of_o morocco_n the_o kingdom_n of_o morocco_n have_v suffer_v great_a change_n within_o these_o few_o century_n of_o year_n have_v be_v often_o unite_v and_o as_o often_o separate_v from_o that_o of_o fez._n and_o sometime_o likewise_o its_o south_n part_n sus_n and_o gurula_n have_v make_v a_o kingdom_n apart_o it_o be_v principal_a port_n be_v those_o of_o messa_n azafi_n river_n it_o be_v chief_a port_n promontory_n and_o river_n mazagan_n and_o azamor_n its_o promontory_n those_o of_o guer_n ocem_fw-la cantin_n and_o carvos_n its_o river_n the_o sus_n which_o water_v its_o southern_a part_n tensift_v which_o divide_v the_o estate_n in_o 2_o equal_a part_n and_o ommiraby_n which_o separate_v it_o from_o the_o kingdom_n of_o fez._n commodity_n it_o be_v air_n fertility_n and_o commodity_n the_o air_n of_o the_o plain_n and_o field_n of_o morocco_n be_v much_o hot_a than_o in_o europe_n that_o of_o the_o mountain_n according_a to_o their_o height_n be_v more_o or_o less_o cold_a in_o general_a this_o kingdom_n be_v provide_v with_o all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o man_n life_n they_o have_v grain_n and_o pulse_n in_o abundance_n as_o also_o fruit_n which_o be_v excellent_a especial_o their_o grape_n they_o have_v likewise_o flax_n hemp_n honey_n wax_n sugar_n gold_n silver_n iron_n copper_n marble_n cordovant_n amber_n chamlet_n and_o many_o good_a manufacture_n the_o kingdom_n of_o fez_n fez._n kingdom_n of_o fez._n the_o kingdom_n of_o fez_n lie_v between_o that_o of_o morocco_n and_o the_o mediterranean_a and_o between_o the_o ocean_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o telensin_n or_o algiers_n its_o province_n be_v temesne_n fez_n and_o azgar_n on_o the_o ocean_n province_n its_o province_n habat_n on_o the_o straight_a errife_n and_o garret_n on_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n and_o chaus_n all_o up_o in_o the_o land_n temesne_n province_n of_o temesne_n temesne_n extend_v its_o self_n from_o mount_n atlas_n unto_o the_o ocean_n have_v former_o be_v so_o flourish_v that_o it_o number_v 40_o great_a city_n more_o than_o 100_o middle_n size_v and_o 300_o little_a one_o beside_o a_o infinite_a number_n of_o village_n beside_o the_o intestine_a war_n of_o the_o country_n the_o portugal_n have_v divers_a time_n level_v and_o ruin_v the_o fair_a city_n of_o the_o coast_n as_o anfa_fw-la and_o almansor_a in_o 1468._o and_o afterward_o rabatt_n likewise_o suffer_v their_o incursion_n and_o plunder_n rabatt_n and_o its_o fortress_n be_v on_o a_o rise_a ground_n between_o the_o river_n of_o buragrag_n and_o the_o seâ—_n king_n mansor_n cause_v it_o to_o be_v build_v after_o the_o model_n of_o morocco_n but_o much_o less_o and_o make_v it_o one_o of_o the_o most_o considerable_a place_n of_o all_o barbary_n erect_v many_o palace_n temple_n hospital_n college_n baines_n shop_n etc._n etc._n and_o without_o the_o south_n gate_n a_o tower_n as_o high_a as_o that_o of_o morocco_n it_o be_v very_o populous_a and_o of_o a_o good_a trade_n and_o because_o the_o water_n round_o about_o be_v salt_n he_o make_v a_o aquaduct_n as_o beautiful_a as_o those_o about_o rome_n but_o at_o present_a these_o fair_a edifice_n be_v almost_o ruin_v it_o be_v possess_v with_o not_o above_o 500_o family_n and_o much_o soldiery_n because_o of_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o the_o portugal_n most_o of_o the_o ground_n within_o the_o wall_n be_v turn_v into_o garden_n vineyard_n and_o meadow_n anfa_fw-la on_o the_o coast_n and_o in_o a_o delightful_a plain_n have_v be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o famous_a city_n of_o africa_n for_o its_o trade_n with_o the_o english_a and_o portugal_n but_o its_o be_v addict_v to_o piracy_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o its_o ruin_n as_o of_o that_o of_o almansor_a on_o the_o river_n guir_n within_o the_o land_n muchaila_n on_o the_o guir_n and_o in_o the_o road_n from_o morocco_n to_o rabat_n have_v be_v rich_a well_o build_v with_o a_o great_a territory_n and_o fruitful_a in_o grain_n it_o be_v ruin_v by_o the_o king_n of_o morocco_n and_o be_v not_o know_v at_o present_a but_o for_o the_o tomb_n of_o one_o of_o their_o morabut_n who_o they_o esteem_v a_o saint_n and_o where_o the_o country_n people_n lie_v in_o pledge_v their_o plough_n and_o instrument_n of_o labour_n which_o no_o person_n dare_v touch_v they_o have_v another_o morabut_n near_o thagia_n who_o they_o believe_v to_o work_v miracle_n and_o to_o preserve_v they_o when_o they_o be_v meet_v by_o lion_n a_o place_n much_o frequent_v by_o those_o of_o fez_n as_o be_v the_o sepulchre_n of_o one_o of_o their_o prophet_n to_o which_o they_o go_v in_o exceed_v great_a number_n in_o 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st._n anthony_n have_v be_v esteem_v desert_n yet_o they_o appear_v to_o have_v many_o inhabitant_n though_o not_o so_o many_o as_o they_o can_v feed_v the_o ship_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n pass_v here_o in_o 1622._o find_v in_o that_o of_o st_n anthony_n 500_o person_n man_n woman_n and_o child_n all_o aethiopian_n st._n vincent_n and_o st._n nicholas_n have_v no_o less_o at_o mayo_n these_o aethiopian_n be_v strong_a and_o of_o good_a stature_n but_o it_o be_v to_o be_v believe_v that_o every_o where_o be_v some_o portugal_n to_o keep_v the_o rest_n in_o awe_n vista_n salt_n bona_n vista_n the_o isle_n of_o salt_n of_o bona_z vista_n of_o mayo_n and_o of_o st._n jago_n yield_v so_o great_a quantity_n of_o salt_n which_o be_v make_v natural_o of_o the_o water_n which_o the_o sea_n from_o time_n to_o time_n leave_v that_o beside_o what_o they_o consume_v in_o the_o country_n they_o jade_v every_o year_n more_o than_o 100_o ship_n which_o be_v transport_v into_o other_o country_n 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sargasso_n this_o herb_n except_o that_o it_o be_v more_o yellow_a resemble_v sea-parsley_n bear_v certain_a grain_n or_o fruit_n at_o the_o end_n but_o of_o neither_o taste_n nor_o substance_n many_o have_v be_v much_o trouble_v to_o know_v from_o whence_o these_o weed_n come_v which_o be_v distant_a from_o the_o isle_n and_o from_o the_o firm_a land_n more_o than_o 60_o league_n and_o in_o a_o part_n of_o the_o sea_n where_o there_o be_v no_o bottom_n find_v nevertheless_o they_o be_v so_o close_o and_o in_o so_o great_a quantity_n that_o the_o water_n seem_v rather_o a_o meadow_n or_o green_a field_n than_o a_o sea_n ship_n which_o fall_v among_o these_o weed_n have_v need_n of_o a_o good_a wind_n to_o disengage_v themselves_o and_o i_o believe_v it_o be_v these_o which_o hinder_v sataspes_n from_o finish_v his_o course_n about_o africa_n and_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o his_o misfortune_n this_o sataspes_n son_n of_o teaspes_n one_o of_o the_o achemenides_n sataspes_n a_o story_n of_o 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