be a sufficient Conviction of Popish Recuâ—ancy An Act or Acts of Parliament for Education of the Children of Papists by Protestants in the Protestant Religion VIII An Act or Acts for the true Levie of the Penalties against them which Penalties to be levied and disposed in such manner as both Houses shall agree on wherein to be provided that his Majesty shall have no loss IX That an Act or Acts be passed in Parliament whereby the practices of Papists against the State may be prevented and the Laws against them duly executed and a stricter course taken to prevent the Saying or Hearing of Mass in the Court or any other part of this Kingdom or the Kingdom of Ireland The like for the Kingdom of Scotland concerning the four last preceding Propositions in such manner as the Estates of the Parliament there shall think fit X. That the King do give his Royal assent to an Act for the due observation of the Lords Day XI And to the Bill for the suppression of Innovasions in Churches and Chappels in and about the Worship of God XII And for the better advancement of the preaching of Gods holy Word in all parts of this Kingdom XIII And to the Bill against the enjoying the pluralities of Benefices by Spiritual Persons and Non-Residency XIV And to an Act to be framed and agreed upon by both Houses of Parliament for the reforming and regulating of both Universities of the Colledges of Westminster Winchester and Eaton XV. And to such Act or Acts for raising of Moneys for the payment and satisfying of the publick Debts and Damages of the Kingdom and other publick uses as shall hereafter be agreed on by both Houses of Parliament and that if the King do not give his Assent thereunto then it being done by both Houses of Parliament the same shall be as valid to all intents and purposes as if the Royal Assent had been given thereunto The like for the Kingdom of Scotland And that his Majesty give assurance of his consenting in the Parliament of Scotland to an Act acknowledging and ratifying the Acts of the Convention of Estates of Scotland called by the Council and Conservers of the Peace and the Commissioners for the common Burthens and assembled the two and twentieth day of June 1643. and several times continued since and of the Parliament of that Kingdom since convened XVI That the Lords and Commons in the Parliament of England assembled shall during the space of twenty years from the first of July 1646. arm train and discipline or cause to be armed trained and disciplined all the Forces of the Kingdoms of England and Ireland and Dominion of Wales the Isles of Guernsey and Jersey and the Town of Barwick upon Tweed already raised both for Sea and Land-service and shall from time to time during the said space of twenty years raise levy arm train and discipline or cause to be raised levied armed trained and disciplined any other Forces for Land and Sea-service in the Kingdoms Dominions and places aforesaid as in their Judgments they shall from time to time during the said space of twenty years think fit and appoint and that neither the the King his Heirs or Successors nor any other but such as shall act by the authority or approbation of the said Lords and Commons shall during the said space of twenty years exercise any of the Powers aforesaid And the like for the Kingdom of Scotland if the Estates of the Parliament there shall think fit That Moneys be raised and levied for the maintenance and use of the said Forces for Land-service and of the Navy and Forces for Sea-service in such sort and by such ways and means as the said Lords Commons shall from time to time during the said space of twenty years think fit and appoint and not otherwise That all the said Forces both for Land and Sea-service so raised or levied or to be raised or levied and also the Admiralty and Navy shall from time to time during the said space of twenty years be employed managed ordered and disposed by the said Lords and Commons in such sort and by such ways and means as they shall think fit and appoint and not otherwise And the said Lords and Commons during the said space of twenty years shall have power 1. To suppress all Forces raised or to be raised without authority and consent of the said Lords and Commons to the disturbance of the publick Peace of the Kingdoms of England and Ireland and Dominion of Wales the Isles of Guernsey and Jersey and the Town of Barwick upon Tweed or any of them 2. To suppress any foreign Forces who shall invade or endeavour to invade the Kingdoms of England and Ireland Dominion of Wales the Isles of Guernsey and Jersey and the Town of Barwick upon Tweed or any of them 3. To conjoyn such Forces of the Kingdom of England with the Forces of the Kingdom of Scotland as the said Lords and Commons shall from time to time during the said space of twenty years judge fit and necessary To resist all foreign Invasions and to suppress any Forces raised or to be raised against or within either of the said Kingdoms to the disturbance of the publick Peace of the said Kingdoms or any of them by any authority under the Great Seal or other Warrant whatsoever without consent of the said Lords and Commons of the Parliament of England and the Parliament or the Estates of the Parliament of Scotland respectively And that no Forces of either Kingdom shall go into or continue in the other Kingdom without the advice and desire of the said Lords and Commons of the Parliament of England and the Parliament of the Kingdom of Scotland or such as shall be by them appointed for that purpose And that after the expiration of the said twenty years neither the King his Heirs or Successors or any person or persons by colour or pretence of any Commission Power Deputation or Authority to be derived from the King his Heirs or Successors or any of them shall raise arm train discipline employ order mannage disband or dispose any of the Forces by Sea or Land of the Kingdoms of England and Ireland the Dominion of Wales Isles of Guernsey and Jersey and the Town of Barwick upon Tweed Nor exercise any of the said Powers or Authorities in the precedent Articles mentioned and expressed to be during the said space of twenty years in the said Lords and Commons Nor do any act or thing concerning the execution of the said Powers or Authorities or any of them without the consent of the said Lords and Commons first had and obtained That after the expiration of the said twenty years in all cases wherein the Lords and Commons shall declare the safety of the Kingdom to be concerned and shall thereupon pass any Bill or Bills for the raising arming training disciplining employing mannaging ordering or disposing of the Forces by Sea or Land of the Kingdoms
intersint ad consentiendum his quae tum ibidem de communi concilio Regni nostri Divinâ favente clementiâ contigerit ordinari Teste Meipso c. The ancient form of the Writ to the Peers The Kings Writ to the Nobles or Peers runs thus CHARLES by the grace of God c. to the most Reverend Father in Christ if it speaks to any of the Bishops to Our Cousin if it is addressed to any Duke Marquess or Earl To our Beloved and Faithful if to a Baron Whereas by the advice of Our Council We have ordained that Our Parliament shall be holden at Westminster c. for the dispatch of certain difficult and urgent Affairs concerning or pertaining to Us and the State and Defence of Our Kingdom of England and of the Church of England and there to hold a Colloquy and Treat with you and with the rest of the Prelates Great men and Nobles of Our said Kingdom of England Therefore We by the Fidelity and Love if the Writ be sent to the Bishops by the Fidelity and Allegiance if to any of the Peers which you owe to Us streightly injoyning command you that in consideration of the difficulty of the aforesaid Affairs and of the Dangers impending laying aside all Excuses at the day and place aforesaid you personally appear to treat with Us together with the rest of the Prelates Great men and Nobles concerning the Affairs aforesaid and thereupon give Us your counsel And this you are not to omit as you love Us and Our Honour and the Safety of Our said Kingdom and the expedition of the said Affairs And if the Writ be directed to a Bishop it goes on further thus And you are to forewarn the Dean and Chapter of your Church and all the Clergy of your Diocess that the said Dean and the Archdeacons be personally present and the said Chapter by one and the said Clergy by two sufficient Procurators having full and sufficient power from the said Chapter and Clergy at the day and place aforesaid to Consent to those things which then and there by the favour of the divine Clemency shall happen to be ordained by the Common Council of Our Kingdom Witness my self c. Ad Communes seu Inferioris Confessus Senatores Aliud Rescriptum ad Vicecomites Praesides Civitatum seu Municipiorum conceptis hisce verbis ità se habet Rex Vicecomiti salutem Quia de advisamento assensu Concilii nostri c. progreditur ut superius ibidem cum Praelatis Magnatibus Proceribus Regni nostri Colloquium habere tractatum Tibi praecipimus firmiter injungentes quòd factâ Proclamatione in Comitatu tuo post receptionem hujus Brevis nostri Parliamenti tenendi die loco praedictis duos Milites gladiis cinctos magis idoneos discretos Comitatûs praedicti de qualibet Civitate Comitatûs illius duos Cives de quolibet Burgo duos Burgenses de discretioribus magìs sufficientibus liberè indifferenter per illos qui Electioni huic interfuerint juxta formam Statutorum indè edictorum provisorum eligi nomina eorundem Militum Civium Burgensium in quibusdam Indenturis inter te illos qui hujusmodi Electioni interfuerint conficiendis sive hujusmodi electi praesentes fuerint sive absentes inseri eósque ad dictum diem locum venire facies Ità quòd iidem Milites plenam sufficientem potestatem pro se Communitate praedicti Comitatûs ac dicti Cives Burgenses pro se Communitatibus Civitatum Burgorum praedictorum divisim ab ipsis habeant ad faciendum consentiendum his quae tum ibidem de communi Concilio Regni nostri favente Deo contigerit ordinari super negotiis antè dictis ità nè pro defectu potestatis hujusmodi seu propter improvidam Electionem Militum Civium aut Burgensium praedictorum praedicta negotia infecta maneant quovis modo Nolumus tamen quòd tu nec aliquis alius Vicecomes dicti Regni nostri aliqualiter sit electus To the Members of the House of Commons Another Writ directed to the Sheriffs and Chief Magistrates of Cities and Corporations runs thus The King to the Sheriff greeting Whereas by the Advice and Assent of Our Council c. as before then and there to hold a Colloquy and Treaty with Our Prelates Great men and Nobles of Our Kingdom c. We command and streightly injoyn you that a Proclamation being made in your County Court after the receipt of this Our Writ concerning Our Parliament to be holden at the day and place aforesaid you do cause two Knights of the most fitting and discreet of your County aforesaid and of every City in the said County two Citizens and of every Burrow or Corporation two Burgesses of the most discreet and sufficient to be freely and indifferently chosen according to the form of the Statutes in that case made and provided by those who shall be then present at the said Election and you are also to insert the names of the said Knights Citizens and Burgesses whether the persons so elected be present or absent in certain Indentures to be made betwixt you and those who shall be present at the said Election and you shall cause them to appear at the day and place aforesaid so as the said Knights have full and sufficient power for themselves and the Community of the aforesaid County and the said Citizens and Burgesses for themselves and the Communities of the said Cities and Corporations severally to do and consent to those things which by the favour of God shall by the Common Council of Our Kingdom be ordained concerning the Affairs aforesaid so that by the want of such Power or by the improvident Election of the Knights Citizens or Burgesses aforesaid the Affairs aforesaid be not in any way left unfinished undispatched Yet We will not that you or any other Sheriff of Our said Kingdom be by any means elected These things being punctually performed according to exactness of Law the Members in a solemn and splendid Procession such as may imprint an Awe and Reverence in the minds of the People go first to Church and then to the Parliament-house And at that time the King coming into the House of Lords and having called up the Members of the House of Commons either speaks to them himself or causes the Lord Chancellor to declare to them the weighty causes of their meeting and what it is he would have them consult and deliberate about for the Publick Good The King is not obliged afterward unless he please to be present at their Consultations except at the end of a Session that he may give the strength and vigour of a Law to their Bills The Knights and Burgesses of the Lower House have severally the Oath of Allegiance administred unto them by one appointed for that effect by the King which amongst other things
amongst others is chiefly to be observed That the King having given secret orders to the Army then on foot which at his own charge he had raised against the Scots though after the Truce they were payed by the Parliament to march to London that he might more conveniently repress the Tumults and Insolencies of the People it was by the Factious charged upon him as a Crime But though he might lawfully do it yet they examined many Officers and Souldiers about the matter and finding none privy to it they made it their chief care by laying all the blame at the Kings door to incense the People more against him Now the Parliament has leisure the Power being in their hands to send the Scots home to their own Country who having received a promise of three hundred thousand pounds English to be paid within three years and being loaded with Thanks Pay and Booty of which they were not so free to the English Army they departed both the English and Irish Armies being at the same time disbanded Nay it was hotly disputed which of the Armies should first be dismissed this or that till at length with much ado it past in Parliament that both should be disbanded together The King followed the Scots into Scotland where having called a Parliament and having granted and confirmed by Law whatever Avarice Ambition and Wantonness could devise to his own loss he reconciles all Parties and for that time heals up all wounds of War and Dissention But the Parliament dogs the King with Commissioners as spies over all his actions who under pretext of cementing a stricter Union with their Friends and dear Brethren might break off their friendship to the King and indeed by tales whispers and crafty insinuations they had very near spoiled all the Kings business at that time The Parliament of England also during this space was by the Votes of both Houses prorogued to a certain day The King upon his return was received with applause in London and with the Queen and Royal Issue magnificently feasted by the City which the Parliamentarians and some others took ill lest the Kings Majesty being elevated by those Congratulations of the Citizens might think the people had received sufficient satisfaction or that his own affairs were setled to advantage And the King having sent for the Lord Mayor and chief Citizens to Hampton-Court gave them in recompence a sumptuous and Princely Treat which grated upon the Factious who were resolved to mingle sorrows with their joys After some days they congratulate his return with a Declaration or rather an infamous Libel In it the Parliamentarians mustered up all the grievances of the State or rather the murmurings of insolent and wanton men aggravating with the utmost spight and malice whatever had been committed by the Courtiers Courts Magistrates or Kings Officers what calamities or misfortunes had happened during his whole reign yea and those things also which being reformed ought justly to have been buried in silence and at the same time cause it to be printed and published This was forged during the Kings absence being moved under other pretexts by the chief Sticklers of the House and having been debated from three in the afternoon all night long until ten next morning and many wise men in the mean time through age and infirmity and others which is far worse through fear and cowardise withdrawing it was at last with much ado approved by the plurality of eleven voices The King finding fault that they had made it publick without expecting his Answer a few days after published another Declaration in refutation of it This was in a manner the first Declaration of War For though the King endeavoured a Cure by somentations and mollifying Remedies yet the Sore festered and was not to be cured without Fire and Sword The Rabble again broke out into Tumults under colour of the Ceremonies Liturgie and Church-government The Factious whisper that the power of the Militia must be taken out of the Kings hands which they intended immediately to seize By which it clearly appeared that the boldness of the disaffected and the ways of sedition were rather encouraged than conquered by patience and that the Troubles were no less raised by the consent than by the artifice and machination of the Factious the King having discovered some of them to have been accessary to the Scottish Invasion That the King therefore might not always suffer things to go on but obviate and timely stifle the growing Rebellion in the bud he accuses five Commoners and one of the Peers of High-Treason and desires them to be brought to a fair tryal according to Law before the Judges of the Kingdom But the Faction growing now more powerful and numerous in the Parliament many good men also being over sollicitous lest the Priviledges of Parliament might be in the least infringed the House of Commons which durst never before own the defence of any who were accused of Felony Murder or Treason takes them into protection and so far from complying with the King who undertook the prosecution himself they rather accuse him as invading the Priviledges of Parliament and will not suffer any Member to be brought to the Bar or taken off by accusations from the care of the Publick or that the Judges and Arbitrators of the Affairs of the Kingdom should be disgraced by criminal Processes The King being provoked at this by the advice of some of his Privy-Council who were themselves Members of the House went to Westminster-hall attended with about an hundred Noblemen and Gentlemen with their Servants and commands that no body else be suffered to come up stairs and that they should not upon any provocation offer the least affront to any man Entering the House of Commons accompanied onely by the Prince Palatine of the Rhyne he demands the Incendiaries to be delivered up to him and promises to proceed against them according to the known Laws They being warned as it was reported by means of the Earl of H. and of a Lady who was now willing to set off her wit as formerly she had done her beauty the gifts of different Ages amongst the Parliament-men had withdrawn themselves Wherefore the King having accused the Abscondents returned without any hurt or injury done to any man But when he perceived that the Members were in a chaff and highly displeased he mildly remitted the Suit and that he might soften the angry minds of the men he retracted what he had done and in a manner begg'd pardon for his fault Nevertheless they who lay continually at the catch to blow the Coals of Jealousies and Offences taking hold of this opportunity of inveighing against the King set the minds of the ignorant agog and scattered abroad in all places such sparks of Division as were enough to put the whole Kingdom in a flame The Rabble of the neighbouring
should lay it upon the two Houses of Parliament there is no necessity of either I hope they are free of this Guilt but I believe that ill Instruments between them and me have been the chief cause of all this Bloudshed So that as I find my self clear of this I hope and pray God that they may too Yet for all this God forbid that I should be so ill a Christian as not to say that Gods Judgments are just upon me many times he doth pay injustice by an unjust Sentence that is ordinary I will say this That unjust Sentence that I suffered to take effect is punished by an unjust Sentence upon me So far I have said to shew you That I am an innocent man Now to shew you that I am a good Christian I hope there is a good man here pointing to the Bishop of London that will bear me witness that I have forgiven all the world and even those in particular that have been the chief Causers of my death who they are God knows I do not desire to know I pray God forgive them But this is not all my Charity must go further I wish they may repent for indeed they have committed a great sin in that particular I pray God with St. Stephen that this be not laid to their charge and withal that they may take the way to the Peace of the Kingdom for my charity commands me not onely to forgive particular men but to endeavour to the last gasp the Peace of the Kingdom So Sirs I do wish with all my Soul I see there are some here that will carry it further that they endeavour the Peace of the Kingdom Sirs I must shew you both how you are out of the way and put you in a way First you are out of the way for certainly all the ways you ever had yet as far as I could find by any thing is in the way of Conquest certainly this is an ill way for Conquest in my Opinion is never just except there be a just and good cause either for matter of Wrong or a just Title and then if you go beyond the first Quarrel that ye have that makes it unjust at the end that was just at first for if there be onely matter of Conquest then it is a great Robbery as a private Souldier said to Alexander That he was a great Robber himself was but a petty Robber And so Sirs for the way you are in I think you are much out of the way Now Sirs to put you into the way believe it you shall never go right nor God will never prosper you until you give God his due the King his due that is my Successour and the People their due I am as much for them as any of you You must give God his due by regulating rightly his Church according to the Scripture which is now out of order and to set you in a way particularly now I cannot but onely this A National Synod freely called freely debating among themselves must settle this when every Opinion is freely heard For the King indeed I will not the Laws of the Land will clearly instruct you for that therefore because it concerns mine own particular I onely give you a touch of it For the People truly I desire their liberty and freedom as much as any body whomsoever But I must tell you that their liberty and freedom consists in having government under those Laws by which their lives and theirs may be most their own it is not in having a share in the government that is nothing pertaining to them A Subject and a Soveraign are clean different things and therefore until you do that I mean that you put the People into that liberty as I say certainly they will never enjoy themselves Sirs it was for this that now I am come hither for if I would have given way to an Arbitrary way for to have all Laws changed according to the power of the Sword I need not have come here and therefore I tell you and I pray God it be not laid to your charge that I am the MARTYR of the People In troth Sirs I shall not hold you any longer I will onely say this to you That I could have desired some little time longer because I would have put this what I have said a little better digested than I have done and therefore I hope you will excuse me I have delivered my Conscience I pray God you take those courses that are best for the good of the Kingdoms and your own salvation Being thus about to conclude his most innocent and meek Speech the Bishop of London gave him a hint That if his Majesty thought fit he would say somewhat as to his Religion not that any man living suspected that of which he had given so clear proofs during the whole course of his life but that he might according to custom satisfie the People To which the King replied I thank you very heartily my Lord for I had almost forgotten it In troth Sirs my Conscience in Religion I think is very well known to all the World and therefore I declare before you all That I die a Christian according to the Profession of the Church of England as I found it left me by my Father and that honest man I think will witness it Then turning to the Officers he said Sirs excuse me for this same I have a good Cause and I have a gracious God I will say no more But a little after I go from a corruptible to an incorruptible Crown where no disturbance can be no disturbance in the World Afterwards kneeling down by the Block as at a Desk and having said a short Prayer he most humbly resigned his sacred head to his Maker to be struck off by a masked Executioner which was quickly done at one blow So fell CHARLES and so with him expired the Honour and Soul of Great Britain Nor are they satisfied to have exercised their Rage and Cruelty against him whilst he was alive they dishonour his martyred Body wash their hands and dip their sticks in his Bloud set to sale the Block cut into pieces and the Sand underneath it moistened with Royal Bloud and make money also of his Hair All which were by the Spectators bought up upon different motives some as dear Pledges and Relicks of a Prince whom they adored others that they might never want a Cure for the Kings Evil a Prerogative which our Kings are believed to enjoy but many also that they might have and shew in triumph the Spoils of their Enemy Cromwel that he might to the full glut his traiterous eyes with that Spectacle having opened the Coffin wherein the Body was carried from the Scaffold into the Palace curiously viewed it and with his fingers severed the head from the shouldiers as we have been informed by Eye-witnesses Afterwards they give the Body to
Younger Coot he easily put them to the rout so that most part of them being either killed or taken he pursues the rest as far as Drogheda in which place the Souldiers and Towns-People being put into great consternation in a Weeks time he reduced it under his own power About the same time the Lieutenant-Gederal Inchiqueen had notice given him of an Agreement betwixt Ouen-Ro-Oneal and Monck made at Dundalk whereby all necessary Provisions Powder Shot and Mony were to be furnished for the relief of Derry blockt up by the Lord Ards and Scots and that Ouen afterward should make an Inrode into Leinster and Munster that by this Stratagem he might draw off the Lord Lieutenant from the Siege of Dublin To put this in Execution Farell is Commanded out with five hundred Foot and three hundred Horse But Inchiqueen waiting for him in his return charged him routed him and obtained the Booty he intended After that having received fresh recruits of Men he besieges Dundalk which notwithstanding Moncks resistance the Souldiers delivered up after two days Siege with all the Artillery and Ammunition And being thus encouraged by the Smiles of Fortune and chusing rather to make advantage of his Victories than to enjoy them he reduced Green-Castle Neury and Trim. After which good Services he returns to the Lord Lieutenant having left Garrisons in the places he had taken better provided of Men Mony and Ammunition than before But seeing we have in this place made mention of Ouen-Ro-Oneal it is fit we relate a great Action of his before we continue the History of the Siege of Dublin The Lord Ards with the other Commanders had driven all the English Forces out of Vlster only Derry under the Command of the Elder Coot remaining which could give them any molestation It is a City seated upon Logh Foyle where it contracts it self into narrower compass and is on each side beautified with goodly Meadows and Pastures as the Water is inriched with Fishes Heretofore a Colony of English under the Conduct of Colonel Docwray was there established and many Londoners flocking thither afterwards it was called London-Derry the delightfulness of which place drew to it so vast a number of Inhabitants that it became without Controversie the chief City of Vlster Ards used all diligence to reduce this last place but not by Storm Approaches or Mines but by Building new Forts or taking those that were round it that so intercepting all Relief by Sea and Land it might at length be forced to surrender And indeed Provisions being exhausted and all other necessaries wanting they had been reduced to utmost straits had not Ouen-Ro-Oneal in the very nick of extremity and when the Garrison were at the last gasp brought them succour For he though he had been in a late overthrow sufficiently bang'd by Inchiqueen yet hastens with five thousand Foot and four hundred Horse to snatch the City out of the Jaws of the Enemy which indeed he performed very successfully and seasonably For swift-flying Fame having brought the news of his approach Ards thought it safer presently to draw off his Army than rashly to sight this Enemy that had the English in the City to assist him and leave Garrisons in Convenient places that might curb and block up the Town till upon Ouen's departure the Siege might be renewed again But Ouen with the joint assistance of the Besieged takes in all the Neighbouring Forts and restored distressed London-Derry to full liberty Now the Reader is to take notice what Reward he had from the Rump-Parliament for so important an Action He had made an Agreement in writing Signed and Sealed with Coot and Monck for relieving London-Derry in name of the Rump-Parliament which was sent into England to be Confirmed by the Members Letters were likewise sent in Favour of Ouen commending and extolling him for a Just Enemy a strict observer of his Faith a Man of Constancy and Resolution and true to his word and who if they thought it fit would be very useful to their Cause And both of them flatter him with hopes as if there were no doubt to be made of the Consent of the Rump-Parliament The Rump-Parliament trisled away time in deliberating about these Conditions until they might have intelligence of the overthrow of Ormond and of the Successes of Cromwel And then they reject Ouen-Ro-Oneal thanking Coot and Monck for their Faithfulness and good Services they had rendred to the Parliament But without longer digression let us return to Dublin and Inchiqueen who having performed Actions beyond expectation returned triumphantly to Finglass where the Lord Lieutenant had settled his Camp A Council of War being held there it was resolved to besiege Dublin but yet to try first if they could reduce it by Hunger rather than by a Storm and Assault lest that Royal City and Capital of all Ireland might be Sackt or Burnt by the enraged Souldiers and Friends and Foes be equally destroyed It was therefore thought fit to attack it on both sides and for that end the Lord Dillo being left with five hundred Horse and two thousand Foot to block up the North and farther side of the City the Lord Lieutenant himself with the rest of the Army crossing the River lies down upon the other and South side of it But whilst they are passing over to go to Rathmecus where the River being narrower afforded a more convenient place for building a Fort to hinder Importations into the Town the English Fleet comes in view with relief to the Besieged wherein were embarked Colonel Reynolds Commander of the Horse and Venables who had the Command not only of his own Foot but also of the Regiment newly raised by Monck and others They all in Health and good Plight had set Sail from Chester and with a prosperous Wind arrived at Dublin bringing with them all necessary Provisions With them also came no small number of Temporizers who presently flying over to the Royal Camp give it out for a certain that no more Men were to come to the relief of Dublin but that the whole English Army was to sail to Munster where it was clear that many of their Friends and not a few of Inchiqueens Men who loved changes would joyn with them So soon as the Lord Lieutenant heard this he forthwith designs Inchiqueen for Munster with the choicest of his Foot and almost the whole Horse with orders to oppose the Enemy incourage and confirm the Province and to beware of those whose Fidelity and Honesty was suspected He in the mean time resolved to raise the Siege and encamp his Souldiers at some distance in two or three distinct Camps where being strongly entrenched they might assist one another if occasion required watch the Enemy's motion and hinder Provisions from being conveyed into the Town But at the very instant the Commanders repining that they should be disappointed of
Garrison to Kilkenny about six hundred English falling off to the Enemy he marches thither with fifteen hundred A horrid piece of Villany and not to be excused were it not for the bad Correspondence that was betwixt the English and Irish Souldiers and that he would preserve his own Irish entire for a Battel and divide at least Cromwells Forces by the multitude of Garrisons his Army being already much impaired and hardly able to wagg worn out by Fatigue Fluxes lying abroad in the Fields and for want of Winter-Quarters About this time by the Mediation of Daniel Oneal a Peace was made betwixt the Lord Lieutenan and Ouen-Ro-Oneal with the rest of the Irish Papists almost upon the same Conditions as we told you formerly had been offered to the Rump-Parliament and were rejected by them and thereupon both Forces Joyn. But Ouen shortly after died Nor is it here to be pass'd over in silence how the Princes Rupert and Maurice with no more than six Ships the remaining part of that Fleet which two years before fell off from the Rump-Parliament had the boldness to infest the Seas hover upon the Coast of Ireland put in Souldiers and Ammunition and by all ways divert the supplies of the Enemy But Blake and Popham pursuing them with a stronger Fleet they were fain to sly to King sale and from thence the Sea-men being idle and running away to the Enemy that they might consult their own safety prevent the danger that might befall them from the defection of Munster which they might foresee and that they might have the opportunity of Sea-room Wind and Tide favouring them they break through the whole Fleet of the Enemies and with the loss only of two Ships escaping out of that noose they steer their Course towards Portugal But this is out of the Rode I now return to Cromwell whose Victories were such as could not be limited by the banks of the River of Barrow For he cast over it a Bridge of Boats at Ross having first taken Estionege a small but Walled Town standing upon this side of the same River five Miles above Ross Afterward having past a great part of his Horse with his nimblest Foot he reduces Carick a Town upon the River Suir eight miles above Waterford then quickly crossing the River he takes Passage a very strong Fort with five Canon lying two Miles below Waterford where the Conjunction of the two Rivers Suir and Barrow by the impetuosity of the Current render it difficult for Vessels to reach the Town Nay he had the boldness to attaque Waterford it self though in vain But Dungarvan which the English Souldiers might have defended with the Canon and Ammunition is delivered up into his hands And now at length Cromwell begins to think of Winter Quarters for refreshing of his Men who were not above four thousand Sound and in Health The Lord Lieutenant on the other hand had eight thousand which though for the most part they were raw Men yet were very conveniently posted But what he had best to do or whether to go he was uncertain For neither could he march back to Dublin being at such a distance without a necessity of Fighing nor yet Winter in those parts without the greatest Inconvenience the Enemy being posted about him on all Hands who would continually Allarm him and intercept his Provisions Whilst he was casting about in his mind what course to take the most desirable and by Cromwell long expected defection happened for all Munster that had stood for the King revolted to the Rump-Parliament Some combined Souldiers had long ago given hopes of this if ever occasion offered and now Cromwell being upon their Borders and past the River Barrow when they saw Succours at hand they attempt the performance of what they had promised The first sparks of this Flame appeared long ago at Youghal which the Mayor and a great many Citizens conspiring with two Colonels and other Commanders agreed to deliver into the hands of Cromwell The Lord Inchiqueen smelling the Treachery seized the Mayor and Souldiers and committed them to Prison in Cork Youghal and King sale until they might be brought to a fair Tryal But that kind of Custody was unlucky since thereby the sparks spread farther For the Colonels being too negligently kept at Cork draw over the Commanders one after another into the same Conspiracy and in the absence of Inchiqueen whil'st the Souldiers carelesly kept the Guard they of a sudden seize the Town From thence the sparks fly into Youghal Kingsale Bandon-Bridge Mallow and other places and by the coming of the Lord Broghill Colonel Far and a great many of Cromwell's Forces was fomented into a Conflagration Inchiqueens House at Cork was plundered where neither the modesty of the dress could protect his Lady nor innocent Age his Children for all together were clapt up in Prison and there detained till by an exchange that happened shortly after they were set at liberty Here at length Cromwell in the beginning of December put his Men into Winter Quarters and disappointed the Lord Lieutenant who had intercepted his way on his return to Dublin with an Army double in number Nor will it be amiss in this place to take notice of the death of Jones for it happened about the same time who basely stained the Reputation that he gained in subduing the Irish Rebels by the defending even unto the last the Cause of the Murderers of the King The Lord Lieutenant in the mean time that he might provide what lay in his power against ensuing Storms calls a general Council where representing how grateful and profitable the Divisions and Animosities were to the Enemy he intreats the Clergy Nobility and Gentry to mutual Peace and Concord shewing them how that might be done This produced amongst all a pretence of Sorrow for what was past of true Friendship by shaking Hands and promises of mutual Assistance in causing the Commands of the Lord Lieutenant to be obey'd pay raised for the Souldiers Quarters and other necessaries for the War provided and in persuading the Inhabitants especially of Limmerick Waterford and Galloway to Obedience and Submission This put the Lord Lieutenant in heart again who whilst Cromwell refreshed his Men in Winter-Quarters resolves to recover Wexford and Passage For the effecting of which Inchiqueen Armstrong and Trevers are designed for the one and Farell with the Forces of Ouen-Ro-Oneal for the other Farell marching secretly to Passage falls into the Snare that he had laid for others For Cromwell presently having notice of the Design Colonel Zankie pursues him in the Rear Alarms and puts him to flight kills three hundred takes two hundred and had not suffered a Man to escape if in the nick of time Farell had not in great disorder cross'd the River in Boats By this misfortune it plainly appeared how the Waterfordians were affected whilst
stuck still in his Mind that our King was the first of all who honourably received a splendid Embassie from the Duke of Braganza and after he had successfully dispatched his business sent him away in triumph To this may be added the mischance of Don Oquenda not many years before under whose Command several Ships carrying Men and Arms for a recruit to the War of Flanders being forced into the English Harbours by the Dutch who pursued them were under our Castles though then in Peace with Spain suffered to be torn sunk and burnt our Fleet rather threateningly rebuking then stoutly driving off the Enemy Which discontents not expiring with the Murthered King are hurtful now to his Son But after all his new Friends as a reward of the amity freely offered them by stealth and without any Declaration of War having sometimes after invaded the West Indies that is the very Bowels of the Spanish Empire And their attempt upon Hispaniola being disappointed he at length laying aside all hatred obliged CHALES the Second by all sorts of good Offices and entertaind him in his Territories for the ruine of the Regicides The King of Portugal shewed a generous Soul of which hereafter had his Strength corresponded with his Inclinations But what would one who hardly as yet sate steddy in his own lately recovered Throne do for another expulsed Prince The truth is though he had then flourished in the quiet enjoyment of his own just Rights he was not Potent enough to undertake such a War as could restore a banished King and much less at that time when he could hardly on the one hand repel the Spaniard who offered at all and on the other keep even with the Dutch who in the East Indies and all over the Ocean strove for the mastery Suedland at first good natured changed as Affairs altered Frederick Duke of Holstein supplied the Earl of Montross who was then ready to Sail into Scotland with Men Money Ships and Arms for the Service of the King Danemark having its Treasury exhausted for the Cause of the King's Father and running into a new War was able to do no more The Rebellious Cossacks and Neighbouring Nations who had rendred the Peace uncertain made the King of Poland sparing in his Assistance Yet the Scottish Subjects who lived in those Countries as they were commanded gave what help they were able to give And so did the Emperour of Moscovie Elector of Brandenbourg Arch-Bishop of Mentz and other Princes of Germany show their Affections to the King But alas what was all that to the fitting out of a Fleet and raising of an Army to the providing of Arms Ammunition and Necessaries of War perhaps a little more than might defray the Charges of Ambassadours and relieve the Poverty of Courtiers All the hope was now in the Loyalty and Benevolence of Subjects who though many of them were wheedled by the Artifices of the Regicides or the fawnings of Prosperity Ambition of rising to higher Employments or the coveteousness of other mens Estates which they hoped might be had for little or nothing and these because Justice delay'd to strike drawn in to the number of above fifty thousand yet a far greater number kept their Loyalty and Allegiance to the King inviolated but being stun'd with the sudden horrour of the Kings Murder and amazed at the continual Victories of the Regicides they knew not what to do or whither to turn themselves They knew not as yet what it was to Associate and they had no opportunity of rising the Regicides having a watchful Eye over all the Countries and their Spies and Emissaries wresting all the Actions and Sayings of Honest men into the worst Sense Nevertheless many Royalists in disguise crossed the Sea and waited upon the King and others who came hither from the King were by his Friends informed what to do All that they could do was gradually to confer Councils encourage one another plot and contrive gather supplies and by blowing the Coals raise such a Flame as might at length destroy the Enemy Yet some of them of whom I shall mention two Sir Charles Berkly and Sir Henry Slingsby were taken by the watchfulness of Informers but both made their escape though the last falling again into the Noose payed for his Loyalty and lost his Head by Sentence of the High Court of Justice About that time Ascham whom I named a little before a Fellow of obscure Birth desiring to show his Gifts and get himself a Name by writing against the King and for the abominable change of Government which the less it beeame him to do for that heretofore under the Earl of Northumberland he had had the institution of the Young Duke of Glocester is therefore in quality of Envoy with Ribera an Italian as his Interpreter sent into Spain to treat of Affairs But he had got himself so much hatred by his Writings that were published and the Employment he now undertook that some conspired a revenge and suddenly breaking into his Chamber at Madrid against all Law and Equity killed both him and Ribera his Interpreter The Ambassadour of Venice gave Sanctuary to one of the Murderers another being taken making his escape publickly suffered for it The rest to the number of three took Sanctuary in a Church till the Ecclesiasticks should have time to take cognisance of the Cause But by delaying of time and lengthening out the debate the English also infesting the West Indies they at length get clearly off It is fit we should also mention the good Offices of the emulous King of Portugal and how for the sake of our Prince he provoked the Rebel Hornets Prince Rupert and Prince Maurice when they fled from Ireland found Protection at Lisbon But Blake Admiral of the Fleet for the Rump-Parliament pursuing them hither desires leave to sight the Prince's Ships The King of Portugal thinking that the Laws of Hospitality were not so to be violated seing it was not safe for him openly to refuse he shifts the matter and forces not the Princes to put out to Sea Blake being highly offended at this Cruises upon the Coast and at length meeting with a Fleet of seaven or eight Sail of Ships laden with Sugers he takes them and sends them into England He himself in the mean time having pursued the Princes who had put to Sea again comes up with them at Carthagena a Spanish Town in the Streights and in the Bay of Vera forces them ashoar but both of them escaped in one of their Ships and Sailing with one or two more Ships to the West Indies they leave Spain to be sufficiently mauled by the Parliament But a terrible Hurricane which is frequent in the Torrid Zone having separated Maurice from his Brother he was cast away with his Ship and Men in the dreadful Storm Here we cannot but sigh at our Calamities in the dismal fate of so Illustrious a
so many dangers under the protection of Almighty God they all safely arrived in the Spey The People were not a little gladded by the Kings Landing in Scotland testifying their Joys with Shouts and Acclamations and Bonefires But the Commissioners that with shew of greater Honour they might conduct him to Edinburrough put back those that in sense of Duty came to salute and honour him and beat off others with Fists and Sticks that more importunately approached He was splendidly entertained by the Magistrates of Aberdeen who for a pledge of their Love presented him with fifteen hundred Marks which he distributed amongst his indigent and almost famished Servants And that occasioned a Proclamation for securing their Money That such as thought fit to bestow any thing for the interest of the King it should only be brought into the publick Treasury The Magistrates of Dundee entertained him likewise magnificently saving that a Member of Montross was to be seen upon a Poll on the top of the Town Hall and that the Estates urged him to sign new Articles Afterwards he came to Edinburrough amidst the reiterated and joyful Acclamations of all the People and is again by the Heralds proclaimed King of Scotland England and Ireland The Kings Majesty is managed according to the pleasure of some Commissioners access is allowed to such as they thought fit all others being kept back His Guard is Commanded by the Lord Lorn Son to the Marquess of Argile by whom all the avenues are observed that no man might envy that splendid custody In the mean time the Presbyterian Ministers talk of nothing but Crimes now inveighing against the Sins of his Father and by and by again against the Idolatry and Heresie of his Mother and the obstinacy of both towards the Reformation the Government and Church of Christ They never rest telling him of Wars Slaughter Bloodshed of his Education and living amongst Bishops Men of no Religion and that in a saucy manner without the least sense of reverence or shame Labouring to make him a new Creature by lessons of Repentance and Humility severe rebukes and admonitions that he might carry his Cross before he put on his Crown and mount by the Valley of Bacha to the Throne of regal Authority And all these things they so absurdly and clownishly set about that their Doctrins and Instructions were more apt to make him nauseate and eternally hate their ways than to gain him to a liking or assent to their Opinions The King one evening walking in the Garden a couple of dapper Covenant Levites making up to him and very severely chid him for profaning the Lords Day by a Walk though he had heard two Sermons and been publickly at Morning and Evening Prayers that day besides other private Meditations that he was much given to The Laity also instead of a Crown of Gold shining with Jewels which they bragg'd they would Crown him with the precious Stones being secretly and by degrees pick'd out of it give him one of Feathers such as Demetrius truly said no man in his senses would stoop and take up from the ground by allowing him his Robes the Name of Majesty and Ensigns of a King with the troubles and difficulties of doing Justice though that also must be administred after their way whilst they invaded and reserved to themselves the substantial Prerogatives of making Laws and Peace and War But these things could not be so kept up from the Regicides though the Parliaments claw'd one another with mutual signs of good-will by Conferences and Messengers at least no Hostility as yet appears but that by their Friends and Emissaries in Holland and Scotland who were well paid for their pains they were informed of the whole series of the pacification And therefore they consult how they might provide before hand against a storm that haug over their heads There was an Army in readiness under the Command of Fairfax but that General was not very prone to enter into a War with the Scots who had not as yet provoked the English by any injuries they suspected him rather to have a kindness for that Nation and to be inwardly displeased at the Murder of the King and subversion of the Government They therefore recal Cromwell out of Ireland to give him the charge of the Scottish War He quickly returning home Crowned with Victories and Success in a triumphant manner entred London amidst a crowd of Attendants Friends Citizens and Members of the Rump-Parliament Guarded by a Troop of Horse and a Regiment of Foot and amongst them Fairfax himself went out two miles to meet him and congratulate his Arrival But when they were come to Tyburn the place of publick Execution where a great croud of spectators were gathered together a certain flatterer pointing with his finger to the Multitude Good God! Sir said he what a number of People come to welcome you home He smiling made answer But how many more do you think would flock together to see me hanged if that should happen There was nothing more unlikely at that time and yet there was a presage in these words which he often repeated and used in discourse The Regicides and he having consulted it is thought fit to ease the Lord Fairfax of the burden and Cromwell is declared Captain General of all the Forces in England Scotland and Ireland who undertakes the War against the Scots having ordered Souldiers and Provisions to be sent towards Berwick The Scots instantly send Letters to the Rump-Parliament Cromwell and Haselrigg Governour of New-Castle wherein they complain that the Rump-Parliament design an Invasion of their Country and that contrary to the Vnion agreed upon betwixt both Nations and the publick Faith mutually given no War being denounced the Cause not published nor their Answers expected without giving them time to repent if they had offended in any thing But that the Scene might be continued The English Officers give an Answer The summ of which that the Genius of these times may the better appear to Posterity I shall here shortly relate And after a Preface it was to this purpose We are blamed for the Murder of the King for which we are bound rather to give God thanks and applaud the Parliament since the King was guilty of more bloodshed than the cruelty of all his Predecessours an obstinate Enemy of Reformation and of all good men who besides taught his Son to follow his footsteps Him the sounder part of the People the timorous and bad Members being secluded justly put to death God Almighty show'd them the who way at first approving it by wonderful successes and continual benedictions What is on the other hand objected that the Treaty the Law of Arms and the League and Covenant are violated by a War made before it be denounced but that Treaty is already abrogated by Hamilton at the Command of his own Parliament unless it be thought that the English
house to Nortons was their Guide and they lodged the first night at Carew-Castle seven miles on this side Trent The appointed hour of their coming drawing nigh VVindham and his Wife as if to take a walk went out to meet them and send the King privately into the house by one whom they had chosen for that purpose Jane and Lassels in the mean time are publickly received as Relations who coming from a place far distant were to be gone next day In this place the King's Majesty stayed securely nineteen days expecting a Vessel at leisure and having been several times disappointed But one day it happened that the Countrey People fell to ringing of Bells with more than usual Solemnity and the King enquiring into the cause of this extraordinary rejoycing was told that it was for the joyful News of the King's Death which was confidently reported But whilst they consulted and cast about a long time concerning a passage VVindham bethought himself of one Elden a Merchant formerly a Captain under CHARLES the First who since that drove a considerable trade at Lime that he possibly might procure a Vessel since he had assisted the Lord Berkley in distress with a safe passage Therefore VVindham is dispatched to him to learn whether or not he could procure a safe passage for VVilmot and another Nobleman who had made their escape from VVorcester fight He readily listened to it and presently went to Chayermouth near to Lime where having sent for the Master of a Ship he asked him under promise of secresie if he durst venture to carry VVilmot and his servant safely over to France He undertook it and bargains with a Captain for threescore Pound which he obliged himself under Hand and Seal to pay him after he had carried a Nobleman over to France The hour and day when he was to put them on Board in a Boat are prefixed Hitherto all things succeeding according to their expectation there only wanted a pretext of staying in Lodgings till all things might be made ready for their passage For that end Henry Peters VVindham's Servant who was privy to the design applies himself to an Hostess at Chayermouth and amongst other discourses told her that he was servant to a worthy Nobleman who was deeply in Love with a Maid that had neither Father nor Mother who lived not far off and was as much in Love with him But that her Guardian opposing the Marriage he resolved to steal her away by Night He therefore asks her if she would for some hours entertain them in her house and at the same time gives her a small Gift as a pledge of a greater reward and drinks a Glass of Wine with her The woman softned by the present and touched with Compassion for the young Lady promises to serve them Leaving therefore Trent the King sets out towards Chayermouth with Juliana Conisbey his pretended Bride who was privy to the matter riding behind him upon the same Horse The Lord Wilmot Colonel VVindham and Henry Peters accompany them and were met by Elden who carried them into a private house whither he went under pretext of viewing a little Farm Here the King's Majesty discovered himself unto him giving him a small present as an earnest of future Gratitude From thence the Merchant goes to Lime that he might give notice to the Master of the Ship to be in readiness to put to Sea at the appointed time The King with the rest went to their Lodgings at Chayermouth and Peters to stay for the Boat But having waited till it was almost day he returned without any News of the arrival of the Boat This put them all into disorder and made them think of taking other measures there was no safe place here to stay in and the King was resolved not to loyter a moment After a short consultation the King with Juliana and the Colonel accompanying them advance towards Bridport there to expect the coming of the Lord VVilmot and Peters in an appointed Inn. Peters being to go to Lime to learn from the Merchant the reason of the disappointment And VVilmot staying behind in the Inn upon pretext of new shooing his Horse But Elden the Merchant who thought that by this time they had made half their Voyage could not imagine the reason of the breach of promise nor could he attribute it to any thing else save that the man taking his leave of his Friends it being then the Market-day at Lime had drank so much as to make him forget the prefixed time But it was known afterward that the Master of the Vessel being come home to take clean Cloaths and other necessaries for his Voyage with him was locked up in his Chamber and bolted in by his Wife For that very day a Proclamation had been made in the Town whereby it was declared Death for any Person to aid or conceal the King and a thousand Pounds promised to any that could apprehend him This put the woman into so great fear lest her Husband in doing that Office which he had confessed to his Wife to have taken upon him might suffer Shipwrack on Shore She therefore used Entreaties Tears and almost Violence to hinder him from it and at length screamed out thereby to allarm the Neighbourhood Being therefore overcome by so much importunity he kept at home and committed himself to the direction of his Wife Upon the way to Bridport VVindham went a little before the King to view the Rode and coming near the Town he found it to be full of Soldiers For there was a Muster that day and a taking on of Soldiers for an Expedition against the Isle of Jersey under Haines VVindham was therefore for the Kings going to another place but he laying aside all fear would needs enter the Town lest he might seem to have deceived VVilmot and partly also that he might refresh himself tir'd out with night-watching and travelling and wait for the coming of VVilmot The Colonel took care to provide a Chamber and Victuals which was no easie matter to be done amongst so many Guests The King in the mean time was employed in carrying the Horses into the Stable and looking after them nor could he avoid talking with the Soldiers in the yard about his Journey But the Hostler looking him in the face as he deliver'd him the Horses told him You are welcome I know you very well Where did you know me answered the King At Exeter said he for the King had continued long there during the heat of the War I lived two years in an Inn there And so did I replied the King in the Service of Master Porter I am glad I have met with a Country-man but I perceive you are so busie that you have no time to drink with me when I come back from London we 'll talk of old Stories Being pleased with these promises and full of Business or God Almighty casting a Mist
Back-doors Guards being set at all of them Let us here mention one Passage which tho' indeed ridiculous had nevertheless almost cost him his Life Being much troubled with the Stone he used sometimes to swill down several sorts of Liquor and then stir his Body by some violent kind of Motion as Riding hard on Horseback or Jolting in a Coach that by such Agitation he might disburden his Bladder Wherefore one day he took with him his Secretary Thurlow that they two by themselves might privately use this Exercise in a Coach in Hide-Park When they were come thither Cromwell himself got up into the Coach-box drawn by six stout Horses lately presented him by the Count Oldenburgh But so soon as he began to snap his Whip the Horses run away and the Postilion who was to guide them being thrown off of the Forehorse they fall a fretting and grow unruly and not knowing their Master toss their new Driver from his Seat upon the Pole who falling from thence upon the Ground and being entangled in his Coat was dragged up and down till having received many Bruises and a Pocket-Pistol going off in his Pocket his Coat rent and he escaped from the very Jaws of Death a Troop of Guards that waited without the Park hastning in to his Assistance God Almighty thought it not fit that this Plague of England should thus expire though he was not far from the just punishment of his Crimes that is from being torn to pieces alive by unruly Horses But this made work for Poets and Post-boys and afforded pleasant Discourse in Taverns Cromwell now growing bare of Money dispersed his Souldiers over the Countrey allowing them free Quarters instead of Pay taking a pretext from a late Insurrection without any accusation or proof of a Crime to plunder all those who had been sequestrated for the Royall Cause commanding them to pay the tenth part of their Goods and of their yearly Rents unless they could compound for it by laying down a Sum of Money as had been often done before The Publick Faith and Act of Oblivion stood them in no stead though it had cost vast Sums of Money or had been stipulated by Articles upon the surrender of Garrisons and strong places Nor did the innocence of many who had not meddled in these Affairs in the least excuse them all are equally involved in the Guilt and must all alike part with their Money New Major Generals are appointed to raise the Moneys in all Counties to the number of fourteen each having their Province which perhaps reached three or four Counties over which as amongst the Romans the Military Tribunes so these were appointed with almost an absolute Power And that they might not seem thus to domineer onely for Money they are impowered to make inquiry into all those who had carried Arms for the King or had favoured that Cause those who had heretofore bought up Arms or had hired or let out Post-horses into Privat Assemblies those who live at too high a rate when it is not known how they are able to afford it into Vagabonds and Idle Persons into those that frequent any sort of Game those who slight or are averse from the established Governments into such as raise Tumults or Sedition those who haunt Taverns Tipling and Eating-houses into unlearned and scandalous Ministers and School-masters All such the Major Generals had power to inquire into call before them and punish To these were joined Assessors in the several Counties Towns and Provinces for most part chosen out of the very Sink of the People though others of better note were sometimes mingled with them these had Power upon common Fame proper Knowledge or bare Conjecture to inform against others make them appear and accuse them before the Major General of the Army with whom they sat as Assessors in giving Judgment Good God! how Princely these fellows carry it how big and proud do they look despising and slighting all others of what rank and quality soever Nothing pleased them more than to insult over and oppress the Ministers of the Church of England sufficiently already born down who being long ago turned out of their Houses and Livings these Blades would not so much as suffer them to teach little Children thereby to get Bread to themselves and Families unless some Fanatick interceded for them which happened rarely and but to a few The Royalists being right or wrong before sequestred must now suffer a Decimation and be threatned with Imprisonment Bonds and Transportation which sometimes were actually inflicted Licentious indeed was the Rule of these Men they carry all things Arbitrarily and with Despotick Authority making themselves Judges of Controversies though they were ignorant of and despised all Forms and Methods of Process which they constantly decided in favours of the Faction and their Party They imposed new and unusual Punishments nay and made new Laws Raised People out of their Beds at Midnight and committed them to Goals nay and caused Constables who have the power of keeping the Peace in Countrey Villages to be whipt and put in the Stocks compelled Persons of Quality who had appeared for neither Party nay such as had been for the Parliament and others also who heretofore by hereditary right had siâ—ten in the House of Lords to come and give their Votes in the Elections for Parliament-Men Being at length drunk with that Exorbitant Power they hardly acknowledged the Protector himself and begun to spurn against the mighty Tyrant which made him by degrees lessen their Power and upon the approach of a Parliament wholly abolish it About the same time Cromwell sends one of his Bedchamber Envoy into Poland there to Congratulate the Victories of the King of Sweden with a present of four brave Horses as a Testimony of his Affection Whether or not Private Affairs be worth the relating may be a doubt yet that the inclinations of the People may be known I shall mention some Passages Davison Holder and Thorold are brought into suspition of acting for the King and of using endeavours to bring him in therefore they are committed to a Provost Marshal to be shortly brought to Tryal before the High Court of Justice In the mean time having obtained leave from him to walk abroad they wheadled the Soldier into a by place whom because he refused to consent to their escape they Pistolled But being afterwards apprehended they are brought to their Tryal for Murder before the Lord Chief Justice of the Kings Bench in Westminster-hall and submitted themselves to the Verdict of a Jury of Twelve Men a Tryal that onely pleases our Countrey-men as being according to Law Nevertheless though they were taken in the fact and that the Judge himself had promised to use his endeavours to have these Men Condemned yet I know not what scruples being started the Jury brought them in Not guilty which thing vexed Cromwell who had resolved with himself
mutual Answers and Replies but after much affectation of Words they still fell upon the same Heads again There was no less to do with the private Addresses of different Parties most of the Pettyfogging Lawyers the Commissioners for the Great Seal the Judges and some of the Officers of the Army relying upon the former Reasons entreat urge and earnestly importune him That he would consent to take upon him the Name of King On the other hand the Anabaptists Sectarians and Democratical Republicans by Letters Conferences and Monitory Petitions wearied him with their importunities to the contrary Many also of the Soldiers and inferiour Officers laying their Heads together frame a Petition to the same purpose But he during the whole transaction dismisses all with the same uncertainty and doubts however he severely chid the Soldiers biding them mind their own business for what had they to do with the Resolutions of Parliament that they should look to their Arms and keep themselves modestly within their own bounds not medling in Civil Affairs but that if they did forget their Duty and Obedience neither God Almighty nor he himself would be wanting to reduce them into order The Cavaliers are Tooth and Nail for his complying with the first Advice as being a Matter which they thought would not a little contribute to the reviving of their Cause whilst continual jangling and and dissentions would thereby arise betwixt the Republicans and Cromwell and the Office of King being again introduced the onely Quarrel would then be betwixt two Families which of the two had the better Title the one having it by undoubted right and the other by none at all And besides thereby it would be made manifest for what cause the War was in a great part begun to wit the sole Ambition of Cromwell But he having taken time to weigh with himself all their Opinions thought it more modest and suitable to his Interest to retain his more than Regal Authority circumscribed by no Laws under the submissive Title of Protector than by coveting an August Name render himself ridiculous to the World At length having called the Parliament unto him He tells them That at present he durst not take upon him the Administration of the Government with the Title of King though he was resolved in future Parliaments to introduce it by degrees how humbly soever at present he carried himself and utterly rejected the same I cannot tell whether or not it be worth the mentioning what many interpreted as a bad presage Whilst the Members of Parliament were going up to the Banqueting-House in Whitehall to have the last Debate with Cromwell about that Affair his eldest Son Richard being in company with them the old Stairs by which they mounted being overcharged with weight broke with them so that many fell to the ground of whom not a few had bruises in their Legs and Arms and amongst the rest Richard being grievously wounded lay by it a long time But since Cromwell refused the Title of King the Parliament by the superiority of two Voices onely confirmed to him that of Protector which he had taken before and that they might not seem to have done nothing at all they agreed about reforming the Instrument of Government and added a House of Peers or Lords to be chosen by him That these Men might as occasion offered be a check sometimes to the Commons when they proceeded too hastily They give him likewise Power of appointing his Successour or next Heir That no Man however lawfully elected according to the above-mentioned Conditions should under any pretext whatsoever be excluded from sitting in Parliament On a day appointed the Members march to Westminster-hall there solemnly to Inaugurate Cromwell and to receive his consent So soon as he had mounted a Stage erected for that purpose round which the Members of Parliament sat Widdrington the Speaker reaching to him the Ensigns of Majesty to wit a long Purple Robe lined wtth Ermin the Holy Bible a Sword and Scepter thus he speaks to him standing near him under a Canopy of State This Robe of Purple is an Emblem of Magistracy and imports Righteousness and Justice when you have put on this Vestment I may say you are a Gown-man This Robe is of a mixt Colour to shew the mixture of Justice and Mercy Indeed a Magistrate must have two Hands Plectentem Amplectentem to cherish and to punish The Bible is a Book that contains the Holy Scriptures in which you have the happiness to be well versed This Book of Life consists of two Testaments's the Old and New The first shews Christum Velatum the second Christum Revelatum Christ Vailed and Revealed It is a Book of Books and doth contain both Precepts and Examples for good Government Here is a Scepter not unlike a Staff for you are to be a Staff to the weak and poor It is of Ancient use in this kind It 's said in Scripture That the Scepter shall not depart from Judah It was of like use in other Kingdoms Homer the Greeek Poet calls Kings and Princes Scepter-bearers The last thing is a Sword not a Military but Civil Sword it is a Sword rather of Defence than Offence not to defend your self onely but your People also If I might presume to fix a Motto upon this Sword as the Valiant Lord Talbot had upon his it should be this Ego sum Domini Protectoris ad protegendum Populum I am the Protectors to protect his People Then having given him his Oath and read over the Articles of Government with sound of Trumpet he is Proclaimed Protector of the Commonwealth of England Scotland and Ireland c. but with faint Acclamations from the People Hence you may understand what and how great things the Power of a Tyrant counterfeit Virtue Lawyers fetches fawning hope anxious fear love of novelty and specious pretexts could against all right and reason bring to pass amongst Men in all things else for most part very Prudent and Wise That in the like case I may use the Words of another These things being thus performed the Parliament shortly after were dismissed for three or four Months and Cromwell has time to make choice of his Peers for the other House But we must not omit to take notice in this place of that unbridled licentiousness of Hereticks which grew greater and greater daily Besides Arrianism against the Divinity of our Saviour Jesus Christ and other abominable Errours which one Biddle profanely and yet safely maintained before the Parliament the Blasphemies also of Copps against the Holy Name of God and Fry who heretofore scattred his Poisons in the Parliament-House besides Erbury who as with impunity he sowed the monstrous Seeds of Heresies amongst the Souldiers and in the City whilst he was in health so dying he breathed out his last in Blasphemy Saltmarsh also and other Sectarians whose Fanatical Errours by the Enthusiasm of Cromwell and the other
number overpow'ring them are fain to give ground and at length are beat out of the Field Above a thousand were killed in that Battel fifteen hundred private Soldiers taken fourscore Officers and all the Cannon and Ammunition The Garrison of Dunkirk nevertheless persist in their defence till the Marquess of Leda being shot with a Musket Bullet the Town lost its Life with the Governour and fell into the Hands of the French King who that he might perform the Articles agreed upon gives it to our Countrey-men as a Reward of their Services and delivered it up into the Hands of Lockart a Scottish Man who had married Cromwell's Neece and was his Embassadour in France for Reynolds the Winter before crossing over into England in a weak Vessel that he might justifie himself before Cromwell from a Crime of Treason that he was accused of as if he had entertained a Correspondence with the Duke of York was cast away at Sea The same Year the French with the assistance of the English possessed themselves of Winoxberg Fuern Ypress Oudenard and many other places their Horse ravaging all Flanders almost So way was made for a Treaty betwixt the French King and Spaniard whereupon a Marriage after ensued Let us now return home and view at nearer distance the Preludes of Cromwell's approaching Death Whilst he is delighted with Triumphs beyond Sea he is hampered at home with difficulties and gnawing Cares Besides the Death of his dearly beloved Daughter the Lady Cleypole who died of an inward Imposthume in her Loins with great agony and pain after she had in her Hysterical fits much disquieted him by upbraiding him sometimes with one of his Crimes and sometimes with another according to the furious distraction of that Disease The Republicans created him continual troubles and vexation especially seeing his Son-in-law Fleetwood and his Wife seemed to favour these Men excuse and intercede for them nay he refrained coming to his Father-in-laws House though he lived hard by and ought to have comforted his dying Sister amidst the mourning and bewailings of her Relations and though Cromwell as he told it to some had made him his Heir in his last Will and Testament Besides Desborough who had married his Sister Pickering also and Sidenham whom he had made Privy Counsellors had secret meetings with Lambert and other leading Men of the Republican Party whom they openly magnified and extolled But all his Distemper was not in his Mind alone for shortly after he was taken with a Slow Fever that at length degenerated into a Bastard Tertian Ague For a Weeks time the Disease so continued without any dangerous symptoms as appearing sometimes one and sometimes another kind of distemper that every other Day he walked abroad but after Dinner his five Physicians coming to wait upon him one of them having felt his pulse said that it intermitted at which suddenly startled he looked pale fell into a Cold Sweat almost fainted away and orders himself to be carried to Bed where being refreshed with Cordials he made his Will but onely about his Privat and Domestick Affairs Next Morning early when one of his Physicians came to visit him he asked him why he looked so sad And when he made Answer That so it becomes any one who had the weighty care of his Life and Health upon him Ye Physicians said he think I shall die Then the Company being removed holding his Wife by the Hand to this purpose he spoke to him I tell you I shall not die this bout I am sure on 't And because he observed him to look more attentively upon him at these words Don't think said he that I am mad I speak the Words of Truth upon surer grounds than Galen or your Hippocrates furnish you with God Almighty himself hath given that Answer not to my Prayers alone but also to the Prayers of those who entertain a stricter commerce and greater intimacy with him Go on chearfully banishing all sadness from your looks and deal with me as you would do with a Serving-man Ye may have skill in the Nature of things yet Nature can do more than all Physicians put together and God is far more above Nature But being ordered to take his rest because he had not slept the greatest part of the Night as the Physician was coming out of the Chamber he accidentally met another who had been a long time very familiar with him to whom I am afraid says he our Patient will be light-headed Then said he You are certainly a Stranger in this House Don't you know what was done last Night The Chaplains and all who are dear to God being dispersed into several parts of the Palace have prayed to God for his Health and all have brought this Answer He shall recover Nay to this degree of madness they came that a Publick Fast being for his sake kept at Hampton Court they did not so much pray to God for his Health as thank him for the undoubted pledges of his Recovery and repeated the same at Whitehall These Oracles of the Saints were the cause that the Physicians spake not a word of his danger In the mean time Cromwell leaving Hampton Court where hitherto he had lain sick is brought to London and the Physitians meet at a Consultation in the Chamber of the aforementioned Doctor who at that time was troubled with a grievous Head-ach and an Imposthume in his Ear. But next Morning early another Physician coming who had watched all Night with the Patient and telling the rest how ill he had been in the last fit they all conclude that he could hardly out-live another This Sentence of the Physicians awaking the Privy Council at an appointed time they come to advise him that he would name his Successour But when in a drowsy fit he answered out of purpose they again ask him if he did not name Richard his eldest Son for his Successour to which he answered Yes Then being asked where his Will was which heretofore he had made concerning the Heirs of the Kingdom he sent to look for it in his Closet and other places but in vain for he had either burnt it himself or some body else had stole it And so Richard being nominated his Heir the Day following being the third of September he yielded up the Ghost about three of the Clock in the Afternoon not as it was commonly reported carried away by the Devil at Mid-night but in clear Day-light and the same Day that he had twice defeated the Scots His Body being opened in the Animal parts the Vessels of the Brain seemed to be overcharged in the Vitals the Lungs a little inflamed but in the Natural the source of the distemper appeared the Spleen though sound to the Eye being within filled with matter like to the Lees of Oyl Nor was that Incongruous to the Disease that for a long time he had
the old man so long as he hoped for a Successour out of his Family and to be adopted in the Army where his reputation was great He secretly despised Cromwel's Relations as too low and unfit for Principality thinking that he alone remained worthy to be advanced to Supremacy Which afterwards more secretly but not more justly he attempted rather than obtained The awe of Cromwel whilst alive gave some check such as it was to the dissembled madness of the Democratical Republicans But the Family of the Cromwels being ruined the British affairs were in that state that amongst the Regicides no faith love judgment nor truth was to be found The furious unsetled Colonels without sense or honesty laying aside all care of Reputation or Justice softened and fed their private hopes The Power of the Rulers was mutually suspected and the Honour of the Nation wholly slighted And the same Army of Cromwel abandoning the Family of their General perfidiously abolished the Protectordom which by perjuries they had established as a brave and memorable Constitution The Rabble also were so inclined that many desired and all accustomed to the Yoke of Bondage suffered the Rump-Parliament though of old notorious for flagitiousness and now for buoying up the aspiring Colonels In the mean time all things were carried according to the pleasure of the Rump and the dictates of Fanaticks the terrour of the present and presages of future evils But the turns of the Government were no less odious than the vices of the Parricides to those who any ways concerned themselves for the Publick In the mean time they were not free from danger whom Quality the suspicion of Loyalty to the King Wealth or eminent Parts rendred obnoxious to the Jealousies of the Rulers The old Souldiers of the King and such as were devoted to Charles the Second in the mean while who had hearts to do and suffer any thing rejoyced in secret having without the loss of reputation or degenerating from the ancient care they were sprung from endured the calamities of Adversity the long insulting and many Rapines of Robbers and all the shams of Fortune with an honest and patient Poverty Though the settlement of Cromwel in the government and the unshaken fidelity of his Adherents had so often defeated all their endeavours of restoring the King yet they carefully eyed the dissensions and distractions of the Fanaticks and the turns and revolutions of the Government And now the mutual clashings of the Rebels gave courage to the Loyal Nobility secretly to contrive the restauration of their Liberty and under pretence of a free and full Parliament the recovery of the just Rights of King CHARLES For that end they made use of the assistance of some Presbyterians an inflexible sort of men a bad presage of a certain overthrow since they are a kind of people that make use of good fortune rather for the subversion than the establishment of Kings Thus a framed Conspiracy all over England produced both glory and danger to the illustrious Undertakers Sir George Booth now Lord Delamere appeared first in the Insurrection in Cheshire He was assisted with the advice and hands by the Earls of Derby and Kilmurry Sir Thomas Middleton Major-General Egerton and many others of less note who having incited their Country-men to take up Arms and having formed an Army they put a Garrison in Chester an ancient City washed by the River Dee Booth himself in the mean time with 2000 Horse and Foot took the Field expecting the aid of all good men throughout England in so illustrious an Undertaking but with more Loyalty than Fortune At the news of so sudden an Eruption the Rump was terrified and being doubtful of their New Government startled at the present Commotions apprehensive of future and conscious of the greatness of their own Crimes they were in fear of all men And so much the more that they knew that Booth was not the sole Head of the Party but that there were many more besides him who hatched the same designes The Parricides had no other hopes of safety but in daring boldly wherefore arming with expedition the fiercest of the Sectarian Rout doubling their Guards and sending flying parties of the old Forces into all Counties and Towns they no sooner smelt out but they prevented the designes of the Royalists In the mean time Lambert is ordered with a body of Horse and Foot to march in all haste against Booth But the guilty Parricides could not think themselves secure unless they were re-enforced with Souldiers from Scotland and the Garrison of Dunkerk and with two Regiments called from Ireland commanded by Zanchie and Axtell After that Booth had in vain endeavoured to hinder their conjunction both Armies come in view one of another near Norwich but the River that runs by the Town hindred the Enemy from approaching Booth had set a strong Guard to defend the Bridge over the River and had drawn up his men beyond it but still inferiour both in number and fortune For Lambert having gained the Bridge charged Booth's Forces so warmly that the raw and unexperienced Country-Rout were not able to endure the shock of the old and expert Souldiers Lambert having put all of them to flight Chester is surrendered unto him Booth after his overthrow hunting about for a safe retreat was discovered in disguise at Newport and taken from whence being carried to London he was clapt up in the Tower His whole Estate which was pretty considerable being seized his head had likewise gone had not a greater destiny preserved him from the imminent cruelty of the Rump For the shortness of their government seems to be the cause that the punishment of Booth's Party was rather deferred than remitted The short-lived Rump in the mean time were not a little proud of the overthrow of their enemies and emboldened by this auspicious beginning of their New Government And the Cheshire-Insurrection was so convenient for Lambert's interest that he reckoned it amongst the favours of his prosperous fortune For having thereby attained which he so much desired to the pre-eminence of a General he intended to triumph not so much over Booth as over the conquered Rump and indeed the mutual confidence of the Knaves was not durable for the Rump was jealous of the Army and the Army of the Rump Lambert in the mean time who had a vast power in the Army exceeding all bounds of a private condition so wheadled the Officers and Souldiers that upon their return they drew up and signed a Petition at Derby wherein after they had alleadged many ridiculous falshood of their dutifulness towards the Rump their affection to the Publick and Liberty of the People they saucily desire the House that the Command of the Army should be put into the hands of Fleetwood and Lambert as the onely means of uniting the Forces in faithfulness and concord which
and under the command of so great a General desire the signal to march Having now confirmed the Souldiers and the Garrison of Edinburough-Castle he put the command of Berwick Leeth Air St. Johnston and other Castles and Citadels into the hands of trusty Officers He turned out in the mean time all suspected Sectarians especially the Anabaptists the Plague of Mankind whilst many of his Horse addicted to the errour or humours of the English Army of their own accord desert him and leave the Foot and the rest who were truer to their Trust He remaintained in their places many of his own Officers who had been lately casheered by the London Council of War which gained him their affection and Fleetwood and Lambert their hatred The report of this Storm coming from the North was quickly brought to London and all things made greater as it is usual at such a distance than really they were This distracted the Councils of the Rulers and put them into no little anxiety However they arm against Monk and appoint Lambert elevated by the overthrow of Booth's Party General of the War and Head of their Faction who was now to engage in another kind of a War and with anothergets General But seeing they stood much in awe of the prouess and conduct of Monk and had him in great admiration they thought fit first to essay him by Treaty Wherefore Fleetwood sent unto him Clarges nearly allied to him and Colonel Talbot who served in the Scottish Army and in great favour with the General to mediate a Peace and Reconciliation With the same purpose of Pacification Colonel Goff and Colonel Whaley followed after with Carril and Barker the great Oracles of the Independents that the Artifices of Preachers might not be wanting in laying of Snares Monk received them all civilly He had many secret Conferences with Clarges To the rest he publickly professed that he had no Quarrel with the Colonels commanding in England about Religion That his whole designe was to revenge the Indignity done to the Parliament and to proceed no farther That if they had rather take up the matter at London without bloud he was willing to allow time for Conferences The Ministers with affected flattery preached up the advantages of Peace presaging from more than one instance that the divisions of fellow-Souldiers would be pernicious to themselves and very advantageous to the publick Enemy intimating the King and indeed their Presage proved afterward to be true But the mercenary and canting Tongues of those preaching Mediators wrought no effect upon an old Souldier who was so well acquainted with their juggling tricks He civilly sends back these Agents of Peace with the same security as they came Clarges in the mean time was before gone to London with more secret Instructions And though Monk now perceived that all Agreement with the Colonels of the English Army would prove fallacious and unsafe yet all things not being as yet sufficiently ordered for securing the more remote Garrisons of Scotland he made his advantage of what was cast in his way by chance and labours for the convenience of his own affairs to protract the time of Treaty He therefore dispatches to London Wilks Knight and Cloberry as Commissioners for the Treaty from the Army in Scotland with Instructions how to delay time where for some time we 'll leave them in Wallingford-house with more complement than freedom debating with Fleetwood's Officers though I am not apt to believe that the desire of Pacification was sincere on both sides Lambert marching against Monk was already got as far as York with twelve Regiments of men he was weak in Foot but strong in Horse Here he found Morgan Major-General of Monk's Army recovering out of a fit of the Gout a man that at that time was judged inferiour to none in Military skill Lambert who was his old friend and knew him to be dear to Monk sent him into Scotland to promote the business of Peace He having followed Monk to Edinburrough in a military manner declared his business and what he was come about but preferring Monk's cause and honesty he took command under him when because of the many Commanders lately turned out and others that had deserted he was made very welcome Monk in the mean time having pretty well composed the affairs of his Army invites the Scottish Nobility to Council first at Edinburrough and then at Berwick where he discovered his designes unto them beseeching them for the sake of their Country and of himself that they would keep Scotland in peace and raise moneys to pay the Army that now was upon the march into England The Scottish Nobility very readily promised him money nay and to assist him with men and Arms in the expedition which was an accession to Monk's good fortune that when he might have made use of so great assistance from Scotland he did not stand in need of it For being a man of a sharp wit he was not willing that Scotland should come under the power of another the Inhabitans being armed nor that they accompanying him into England might render his coming ungrateful at home Trusty Officers being left to command the Garrisons of Scotland the Souldiers rightly modelled and all things in a readiness for the expedition of a sudden news is brought to Edinburrough that the Peace was confirmed but upon so hard and uneasie terms that Monk with anger in his looks severely checked the Authors of the hateful Reconciliation upon their return telling them That if the honesty of some certainly the prudence of all of them was to be suspected and committed Wilks to prison for transgressing his Commission The truth was Monk's Commissioners being by Fleetwood's Officers with a shew of honour narrowly observed and in a manner confined ignorant of the Stirs abroad and imposed upon by false reports of the diminution of Monk's Forces with more haste than judgment had clapt up an unjust Peace In the mean time Monk having had certain intelligence from Clarges a faithful man that Fleetwood was daily more and more despised at London that at York Lambert 's Army was divided and full of Faction judging a delay more convenient for himself than for the Enemy industriously protracted the Treaty Having therefore sent Letters to Fleetwood he acquainted him That the news of a Pacification was very acceptable to him but that he found some things doubtful in the Conditions and other matters not rightly transacted by his Commissioners that therefore that the agreement might be more solid all Officers being removed he desires the number of Commissioners to be increased and Newcastle as a more proper place for their meeting Fleetwood condescended more out of fear than choice but Lambert whose whole ability consisted in charging an Enemy rashly and fatally deluded to his own ruine accepted also of the delays of Treaty Lambert in
the King was very near discovered by an Hostler From thence as good luck would have it to Broad-VVindsor Where he is disquieted by Soldiers quartering there And the Country People Wilmot is in danger at Chayremouth Vpon a suspition occasioned by his Horses Shoes The Hostler consults the Minister of the place Who having seriously weighed the matter He hunts after the King tho too late Especially in Sir Hugh Windham 's house The King returns to Trent having sent VVilmot to Coventry A ship freighted at Southampton but without Success The King gâ—es to Heal. Having taken leave in the morning he returns â—ack without the knowledge of the Servants and is hid From thence he hastens to Bright-Helmstead Gunter having hired a Vessel Where at Supper he is known by the Master of the Bark Who being afraid of the Parliaments Proclamation With diffiulty undertakes the thing His Wife who smelt it out â—ncouraging him to the busâ—ness Being got on board they coast along the Shore as bound for the Isle of VVight In the Evening they arrive in Normandy The King very skilful in Navigation The Master of the Vessel being kindly dismissed arrives the same night at Pool The King having changed his Cloathes at Rouen Where by chance he found Doctor Earle He goes to Paris Whos 's safely was an illustrious Testimony of Divine Providence Cromwell having sent the Prisoners before comes to London Sterling Castle surrendered to Monck Noblemen taken by Alured Dundee was a prey to the Conquerour All Scotland in the power of the English who strengthen themselves by new Citadels And subdue Orkney and the Isles The Scots rise but in vain The administration of civil Affairs in Scotland by Judges for the most part English And a Council of State Thirty Commissioners from thence allowed to sit and Vote in the Parliament of England The Scots had what they deserved Hains subdues Jersey The Isle of Mann also takâ—n An Act of Oblivion passes But not without the instance of Cromwell The Soldiers displeased with the Rump Which with these Crimes they load As minding onely their own advantages The Objections are boldly enough answered The Soldiers reply Of whom therefore the Rump under another pretence order a great part to be disbanded The Soldiers refusing and demanding a new Representative An equal numbâ—r of both consult in common But without any Fruit. The Rumpers are divided about the manner of the Representative And about the Time Not willing to give the Power rashly out of their own hands Cromwell flying to the House and objecting to them Misdemeanours and other horrid Crimes Commands all to be gone And they delaying by the assistance of the Soldiers he expelled them the House And makes them ridiculous The People rejoycing And much applauding him They consult in the mean time what is fittest to be done The Officers advance the Godly to the Government Chosen from among the Off-scowrings of the People and out of all Sects Who having chosen a Speaker Take the Name of The Parliament of England And presently shew their madness in falling soul of the Ministers Colleges and Nobility They abolish all Courts of Justice Appoint Justices of Peace to celebrate Marriage The sounder part deliver up the Government to Cromwell who with reluctancy accepts it Lambert chiefly and by his persuasion the rest of the Officers consenting But he would be called Protector not King Cromwell swears to his own Conditions and presently chuses Counsellors out of every Sect. What were the thoughts of men in this great Revolution A War with Holland The use of it Different Opinions of the States of the United Provinces about that Matter The middle Opinion prevailing Embassadors for Pacification are sent into England In the heat of the Treaty a sharp Engagement hapned The Dutch excuse the matter But confederate with the Danes And fight again and again At length they sue for Peace Cromwell being now at the Helm A fourth Engagement most fatal to the Dutch Trump being killed And 2000 besides Cromwell claps up a Peace with the Dutch and Danes And lays a snare for the Prince of Orange Sâ—ditious Seamen Three Hansiatick Ships are stopp'd And condemned Cromwell is reconciled to the King of Portugal The Embassadors Brother Don Pantaleon Sa For a Murder committed in London Is beheaded And Gerard at the same time also for standing up for the Kings Interestâ— Vowell hanged for the same Cause The King of England uses all Endeavours to oblige the French King But being basely used He removes to Cologne His Friends in England in the mean time use all endeavours Cromwell counter-endeavours Yet by mutual Exhortations they do somewhat The matter was at length undertaken by Commâ—ssioners Very cauâ—iously The Republicans also conspiring with them And some Governours of Places But Cromwell discovering the Design easily disappoints it Some rising too soon Others cowardly And all disappointed of their Hopes Many Persons of Great Quality committed to Prison Not a few put to death Cromwell's Arts of Discovery Spies mingled amongst the Cavaliers Especially one Manning that lived at Court Who at length was justly put to death Cromwell calls a Parliament of Commoners onely Wherein he brags of his own good Deeds Which he would have the Parliament to confirm But they on the contrary nibble at the Instrument of Government The Officers and Courtiers opposing it But the Republicans urging the same But Cromwell severely checks these Debates And obliges all that would enter the House to own the Government However he left all his Labour The Republican Soldiers conspire his ruine Which he smelling out presently dissolved the Parliament He makes Peace with Sueden And France For Support of his Authority he procures Gratulatory Addresses from the Officers of the Army in Scotland Then from the Officers in England And afterwards from some Corporations He affected to be a Promoter of Justice And a rigid Censurer of Manners And a Favourer of the Clergy Whose Divisions nevertheless he foments whilst he seemed earnest in composing of them Industriously suppressing the Insolence of the Presbyterians He was ill-affected towards the Church of England tho he was accustomed to caress some few He hugged the Independents Nor was he an enemy to Fanaticks And Roman-Catholicks He creates Censurers of the Preachers out of every Sâ—ct Who basely minded their own Profit He studies to ingratiate himself with all men according to their various Humours With the Nobility The Godly Country People And also the Soldiers Always glancing at his own Profit A most cunning Diver into the Manners of Men. And most prodigious Hypocrite King Charles finds for the Duke of Glocester his Brother from France Lest the Stripling might be in danger of hâ— Religion amongst Catholicks 〈…〉 by a certain Astrologer Oneal Cromwell continually dogg'd with anxious biting Cares Thinks himself safe no where Getting into the Coach-box to exercise his Body He was very near being torn to pieces alive by Horses Of new he oppresses the