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A19462 Polimanteia, or, The meanes lawfull and vnlawfull, to iudge of the fall of a common-wealth, against the friuolous and foolish coniectures of this age Whereunto is added, a letter from England to her three daughters, Cambridge, Oxford, Innes of Court, and to all the rest of her inhabitants: perswading them to a constant vnitie of what religion soever they are, for the defence of our dread soveraigne, and natiue cuntry: most requisite for this time wherein wee now live. Covell, William, d. 1614?; Clerke, William, fl. 1595, attributed name. 1595 (1595) STC 5883; ESTC S108887 87,044 236

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which death saith hee shall happen in the yeare 1590. But concerning any certaintie or true coniectures in numbers either of yeares or such like wherein Master Bodin others are too curious I let them passe as matter impertinent and things of too nice nimble coniecture Then by the difference of dreames whereof wee haue spoken before by the distinction of their kinds likewise by the generall exposition of diuinations lawfull and vnlawful it may be vnderstood and easily knowne how to applie them to the alteration and chaunge of a Common wealth There be also other sorts of Diuinations besides these but because they cannot serue to iudge of the change of states by requiring a whole treatise themselues being most learnedly handled of others I haue determined wholly to let them passe as onely purposing to note out the principall and generall rules seruing for this purpose But as of all the meanes and rules which haue been obserued from antiquitie to confirme the iudgement concerning the chaunge and fall of a Common wealth there is none necessarie although God sometimes permit things to fall out according to their naturall course therfore it becommeth vs likewise to attend patiently the ende the euents of all things as God hath determined in his immutable counsell without presuming too farre by too great a curiositie vnbeseeming our blind and dull capacities And although by reason of our weaknes wee cannot sound the vnderstanding of the depth of those predictions which GOD hath made sometime by one meane sometime by other yet notwithstanding wee must not cast aside his threatnings seruing to aduertise vs of what must happen to the intent to auoyde the scourge of his wrath nor yet esteeme them as necessarie and that God cannot turne them to good but on the contrarie wholly rely vppon his mercie which is infinite towards them which repent in fit and conuenient time consider what wee haue obserued by discourse of histories and according to our capacitie touching diuinations in this kinde lawfull and vnlawfull to the intent that by their difference it may bee the better iudged what shall happē for the chang and ruines of Common wealths and of the estate of Realmes and Empires not to the intent to set downe certaine rules whereby to diuine generally of things to come against the might and authoritie of God or to giue occasiō to some to relye vpon superstitious and foolish vanities but to the intent to iudge by things past of thinges to come and by that which hath bin of that which may bee according to the naturall course appoynted vnto all things by God himselfe The chiefe kindes of Diuination vnlawfull 1. By obseruation of the flying of foules Deut. 18. 10. 2. By obseruation of Dreames Leu. 19. 3. By Sorcerie or lottes Deut. 18. 4. Per Pythones by inspiration of the diuell Leuit. 20. 5. By false and counterfeit apparitions of the diuell 1. Sam. 28. Effecta nulla futura per se cognosci possunt ab vllo Intellectu praeterquam à diuino cui omnia sunt praesentia Zanch. de oper lib. 6. cap. 2. ENGLAND TO HER THREE DAVGHters Cambridge Oxford Innes of Court and to all her Inhabitants IF from the depth of intyre affection I take vpō me to deale more plainely then your honorably augmented dignities will well permit or from too feruent a loue ouerweyingly valew you at too high a rate perswade your selues if these be my faultes that the name of a mother hath a priueledge to excuse them both and howsoeuer a mother to her daughters might more fitly speake in secret and not hard yet seeing my naked trueth desires not to shroude it selfe from my greatest enemie I challenge those kingdomes that haue had children to be witnesse of my talke and if either there be folly in me for to loue so much or fault in you to deserue so little then let thē blame me of too blind affection and accuse you of not deseruing and so speedily from Fames book will I cancel out your praise and recant my loue to a mothers shame But if I iustly fortunate haue high cause to commend you Europe for your sake hath greater cause to commend mee then may I not lawfully with a mothers loue shew the affection of a grandmother to commend your children And although my reuenewes are such as I cannot giue you large patrimonies yet from my mouth shall the whole world take notice to giue you eternal praises The time was and happie time may I say when in the glorie of my age in the prime of my youth in the honor of my dayes in the fame of my desert in the multitude of my friends I matched with Sigebertus sometimes my louing husband and howsoeuer my behauiour was farre from lightnes my manners from loosenes and my modestie from the least suspect yet I was taken in the corrupt mindes of some fewe to be too familiar with Cantabrus the K. of Spayne the supposed father of Cambridge my eldest daughter but to excuse my selfe though there was no cause I protest I was free from such adulterie lawfullie married to Sigebert by him was be gotten my eldest daughter Cambridge and the suspitiō only proceeded from this that Cantabrus seeing me happie for so sweete a childe was desirous to christen it and calde it Cambridge and after from Athens sent for some to nurse her Then after Sigebertus death sweete daughter sigh that he died so soone for legacies farre greater would he haue left thee courted deuoutly I matched at last wearie of my widdowhood with worthie Alfred of him sweet daughter Oxford was thou borne and howsoeuer some shadowes of discord haue bin betwixt you two a thing vsually incident to your sex which of you might challenge the first place yet I must needes confesse this I liued long comforted only with one childe doubting I should haue been aged and past childbearing and then to my perpetuall comfort sweete Oxford was thou borne And howsoeuer thy elder sister may challenge that she hath liued longer yet cā she not boast that either I haue loued her better or that she her selfe hath deserued to be loued better More fruitfull Oxford hast thou bin neither herein doe I cōmend thee but more proudly iealous Cambridge of thy honor hast thou been yet both of you so deare to me so equally beloued so worthily accounted of so walled with priuiledges so crowned with all kinde of honor as both vnequall to bee compared with each other may in the highest tearmes bee preferred before the most famous that Europe hath thē striue not betwixt your selues but both be vnite together ioyne hands and if famous Alexandria that sometime liued with high honour who now lieth buried in her own ashes were flourishing to make comparison let her knowe that within your walles howsoeuer you reuerēce hers for their age are many as famous as
POLIMANTEIA OR The meanes lawfull and vnlawfull to IVDGE OF THE FALL OF A COMMON-WEALTH AGAINST the friuolous and foolish coniectures of this age Whereunto is added A letter from England to her three daughters Cambridge Oxford Innes of Court and to all the rest of her inhabitants perswading them to a constant vnitie of what religion soever they are for the defence of our dread soveraigne and natiue cuntry most requisite for this time wherein wee now live Invide quod neque as imitari carpere noli Nil nisicum sumptu mentem oculosque iuvat Printed by Iohn Legate Printer to the Vniversitie of Cambridge 1595. And are to be sold at the signe of the Sunne in Pauls Church-yard in London TO THE RIGHT honourable Robert Devorax Earle of Essex and Ewe Vicount of Hereforde Lord Ferrer of Chartley Borcher and Lovaine Master of the Queenes Maiesties Horse Knight of the noble order of the Garter and one of her Maiesties most Honourable privie Councell IT is easie to gesse honourable Lorde why Schollars flocke under the patronage of men in your place their condition is so weake that unlesse men truly honourable doe defend them they are most of all in this age distressed And yet braue noble Lorde ingeniously to confesse my true meaning it is not that which mooued me at this time but it is the height of admiration which my thoughts conceiued of your honours worth that made me thinke all men bound to offer signes of loue and dutie where both are deserued in so high a measure I take vpon me Englands person and speake like a Common-wealth And therfore howsoeuer it were presumption in me to dedicate papers of so small moment to a personage of so rare worth yet honourable Lorde take them as your cuntries talke vouchsafe to reade them stamped with her name and so all shall be afraide to mislike them beeing graced with yours And yet I weigh not whether others mislike them or no let but your honour for learnings sake a thing which I know you doe say you are content to accept of the meanest trifle and grace it with a good looke and then I contemne what male-contented melancholy can speake against me Your honour be it spoken without envie like Englands Cedar is sprung up to preserue with your shadowe the humblest in all professions from hatreds malice The warlike and braue soldier thinkes him selfe and that in truth is graced to be tearmed but your follower The worthy and kinde passionate Courtier deemes and worthily this his honour to be your fauorite The sober and devout student that dispised doeth walke melancholy takes himselfe and not without cause fortunate to be tearmed your schollar Thus all relye noble Lord upon your favour And I who though I must needs honour yet usually with so deepe affection am not devoted without cause doe so in kindnesse and loue if that be not a word too presumptuous passe over the full interest of my selfe to your dispose as in what kinde soeuer a schollar may doe his dutie I am readie and desirous to be commanded by you then accept noble lorde the willing mind of him that hath nothing else and say that that alone is absolutely sufficient to content you Read it but or if that be to much doe but accept it and so rest where of not doubting in the middest of so many signes of a schollar-respecting honour in dutie I kisse my hand and humbly take my leaue Your honours in all duty most affectionate W C. The Preface to the Reader WEe are fallen into the barren age of the worlde courteous Reader wherein though some fewe trauaile to expell Barbarisme which fortunately they haue done in our English tongue yet a number of idle conceited-wise-foolish heades take vpon them peremptorily to censure other mens paines so that euery man is loath to enter into the viewe whilst Idlenes shall stand controlling and giue her sentence I know it could fit these to write but that magni laboris est quem plerique fugimus Homer wrote of the trauailes of the worthie Graecian Vlysses Curtius of Alexander and Darius Rome had neuer beene so renowmed but for Titus Livius Thucydides eternized Iason and Minotaure and sweet Salust Iugurth and Cateline nay this wise age long since had beene plaine foolish if our painefull forefathers had not trauailed for their good And if any man thinke this age is too wisely learned to read any thing which is but some fewe droppes of that mayne Ocean which ouerflowed in their daies let him knowe this that care added to their industrious trauailes is easily able to perform matters of great importance Learning was let loose ouer all Europe euer since Athens did first flourish excepting a fevve yeares when the Gothes and Vandalls compelled her to liue in exile who flying fast from their furie left Italie and those famous places and planted her selfe so firmely in these poore countreies that euer since amongst vs shee hath liued honourably Thus in the abundance of our knowledge he that hath taken pains stands at the courtesie of euery paltrie fellowe to be censured as it please him In consideration whereof wise men haue deemed it the safest secretly to smile and soberly to say nothing For my paines I much care not I esteeme thee Reader as thou dost me for degenerous minds intreated grow insolent the daies are euill and the argument is fit for these times I knowe diuers haue trauailed in the same kinde whome I but humble without wronging them to speake vnto thy capacitie Nobilitie fully learned made choice to handle the same argument and with such profounde deepe skill performde it as that truth taketh her selfe much bound vnto him who made her to speake eloquently that vseth to be plaine and false prophesies ashamed who so long haue vsurped truths titles From hence maist thou learne or at least remember that the greatest Monarches howsoeuer proud in their owne strength must either fall with an enemies stroake or as Rome did with her owne waight here maist thou see that nothing is so made but subiect to great change And yet least thou desire to knowe what thou oughtest not I haue laboured to make knowne what thou shouldest desire my leisure will not serue to detaine thee long and a short preface is beseeming so small paines I take my leaue and if thou hast deserued I giue thee thanks onely this I must adde further not to accuse others or make an Apologie for my selfe that I neuer yet in the least syllable of the so tearmed loosest line meant either to modestie pietie chastitie time the Muses or kindnes to doe wrong neither should the surmised obiect of my muses song or the dearest which that obiect hath suspect in me but the least shadow of supposed eniurie for I neither ment to make loose poetrie a true historie or thought that wise courtesie would be so suspicious to misdeeme him whose thoughts long since were deuoted to grauer
bowels he had no sooner giuen alarme to assault me but that multitudes flocked vnto him to bee his followers the East Church wherein I sometime gloried lost her beautie and her loue in so ample manner by this meanes that pitifully to my wrong Constantius the Emperour became an Arrian Iudge if it were not lamentable that I who sometimes was highlie fauored accounted of in their assemblies wholly relied vpon their integritie became so distressed by his meanes that openly to doe me wrong 105. Bishops became Arrians if Alexādrias Bishops religious Alexander and learned Athanasius had not encountered his forces with a matchles valour I had then vtterly perished in those countries from hence proceeded the fatall calamitie of my fortune Councels against Councels Confessions against Confessions Accusatiōs Defences Banishments and cruell Martyrdomes Doe you heare and credit me and yet for all this take me to haue offered wrong suffered none Nay when I fearfull had taken my selfe into the inner parts of Europe for feare of harme then came the Persians Arabians Syrians and Aegyptians called Sarracins vnder pretence to inlarge the honour of their Mahomet occupied all Africke passed into Spayne where they conquering from thence came to Tours in France where if they had not been discomfited of three hundred and sixtie thousand persons by Charles Martel I had then perished After this I began to growe more valiant and my worthie Godfrey with the rest of his Lordes confederate at the instance of Pope Urban drewe from France an incredible army passed by sea and land after many trauailes to the furthest partes of the westerne coast from Syria to the frontiers of Arabia and Persia whereby my Godfreys true valarous armie I wonne Ierusalem neither was there then droppe of blood shed by any Christian in my quarrell which I haue not intreated Fame to recorde to my posteritie nor was it either lesse vēturous or honorable which Englands first Richard against the Turkes attempted for my cause and howsoeuer I may bee thought to loue discord and to make dissention yet in respect of the fauour that I found then in regarde of the kindenes countrie men I receiued at your hands I haue been willing to relie vpon you and desirous to dwell amongst you that whilst other countries loosing their Religion haue lost their Peace and lacking peace their Religion hath quite perished England hath beene a Garden of Oliue branches fensed with walles against violence shadowed with a Cedar against heate watred like Paradise against barrennes and preserued with true Loyalty against rebellion And whilest Greece Lacedemon and Athens haue been at discorde Carthage and Parthia with thē of Rome the French with the Italian the Almayn with the Switzard Africa with Spayn the Turke with the Christians the Persians with the Turke the Zauolians with the Persians the Muscouit with the Polon and the Tartar with them both in the meane time England for my sake hath found a peace hath sitten at ease and had leasure to looke at their falles And I earnestlie pray as I haue good cause that peace being my childe beget not plentie and that be a meanes for to banish mee for when a countrie through Religion hath obtained peace through peace hath plentie and through plenty is growne rebellious then God by seditions and change of state by inundations of floods by famine plague and such like he bringeth them in fauor to a smaller number least in pride multitude they should growe for to scorne mee Thus haue I some times tasted of their harmes and though I haue liued safe this 36. yeares that no forraine enemie was able to roote mee from the land of mine inheritance yet I haue bin stil so vnited to your dread soueraigne so in fauour with my valiant champions that none opposed themselues against mee but first committed treason against her and though at my intreatie she was content to pardō them my fault yet Iustice and conscience both would that they all should perish that wish her euill Then howsoeuer thereby to bee dearer to false religion they make the worlde beleeue that they dye for my cause yet I cannot chuse but I must needes renownce them Martyrs I haue had that haue dyed in my quarrell yet neuer any that intangled himselfe to destroye a Prince I haue wept while tirants haue slaine my children yet I neuer saw them to be found rebellious giue mee leaue then openly to disclame those out of my fauour to cancell them out of honors booke to renounce them from being my followers who haue traitorously conspired with my sworne enemies who treacherouslie haue intended their Princes death who rebelliouslie haue taken armes against my sides who falsely haue expected to see mee fall these I pronounce not to bee my sonnes and I must tell the Worlde that they dyed not for my sake And because Rome hath lately noted those with the title of Martyrs whom rebellious malice caused to bee treacherous to their Prince I must needes bee plaine that the world may see Rebellion and not Religion Treason not Trueth was the cause of their vtter ruine Custome hath made it a thing common the communitie hath made it a thing credible that the worse things haue masked vnder good names that singularitie is tearmed zeale disobedience freedome of conscience rebellion sinceritie of profession and open treason to be pure religion Thus was the notorious rebellion in England after affecting the Irish supposed to be the signe of a Catholike trueth wherein though many suffered the iust recompence of so foule desert yet the Queene was merciful and forgaue some How can I then make an apologie in their behalfe how can I say these fauoured religion who sought to roote out the Prince land where I had dwelt of a long continuance I conceale their names as loath posteritie should remember an Englishman to be so disloyall And herein the Pope that should haue been most religious was a chief dealer to subuert me sending ouer pardons absolutions and such like to exempt the subiects of this realme from their true obedience And the better cōtinually to performe what he intended Seminaries were erected vnder pretence to doe me good which haue harboured howsoeuer some of them learned such politique subtile treacherous and disloyall people that hauing swarmed from thence as from a hiue pretending as they haue said the Catholique good of their owne countrimen haue infected them with such pernicious poyson moued them to such great treasons perswaded them to those attempts that if heauen had not withstood them with a mightie power if God had not detected them with a pearcing eye if the Lord had not confounded them with a mightie arme then had I in all likelihood been banished from this Iland then had England perished her