Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	adultery_n	husband_n	wife_n	1,526	5	7.7220	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A36161	A complete dictionary of the Greek and Roman antiquities explaining the obscure places in classic authors and ancient historians relating to the religion, mythology, history, geography and chronology of the ancient Greeks and Romans, their ... rites and customs, laws, polity, arts and engines of war : also an account of their navigations, arts and sciences and the inventors of them : with the lives and opinions of their philosophers / compiled originally in French ... by Monsieur Danet ; made English, with the addition of very useful mapps.; Dictionarium antiquitatum Romanarum et Graecarum. English	Danet, Pierre, ca. 1650-1709.	1700 (1700)	Wing D171; ESTC R14021	1,057,883	623

distinguish them from a third kind of Marriage called Matrimonium ex usu Injustae nuptiae Concubinage The Society of Sacrifices and Wealth wherein the Wife had her share must be understood of private Sacrifices offered in some Families practiced amongst the Romans as upon Birth-days and day of Expiations and Funerals which the Posterity and Heirs were bound to observe Wherefore Plautus says That a great Estate was fallen to one without being obliged to offer any Families Sacrifice se haereditatem adeptum esse sine sacris effertiss●●an The Wife was to be the Mistress of the Family as the Husband Master It was a custom used amongst the Romans that when the Wife set her Foot upon the threshold of the door of the House of her Husband they asked her who she was and she answered Caia sum I am Caia because Caia Caecilia Wife to Tarquinius Priscus was much given to Huswifery and Spinning and from thence is come the custom that Brides coming into the House of their Husband answered that they were called Caia Caeterum Caia usu super omnes est celaebrata fertur enim Caiam Caeciliam Tarquinii Prisci uxorem optimam lanificam fuisse ides institutum esse ut novae nuptae ante januam mariti interrogatae quaenam vocarentur Catam se esse dicerent And Plutarch in the thirtieth Roman Question tells us That the Husband said to his Wife at her first coming to his house Ego Caius and she answered Ego Caia XII UT MATRONIS DE VIA DECEDERETUR NIHIL OBSCOENI PRESENTIBUS IIS VEL DICERETUR VEL FIERET NEVE QUIS NUDUM SE AB IIS CONSPICI PATERETUR ALIOQUIN CRIMINIS CAPITALIS REUS HABERETUR That they should give way to Ladies of Quality that no obscenity should be either spoken nor done in their presence and that no Man should be seen naked in their presence if otherwise he should he guilty of a capital Crime XIII UT MONSTROSOS PARTUS NECARE PARENTIBUS LICERET That it should be lawful to Parents to put their Children to Death if they were born Monstrous But they were obliged to call for Witnesses to justifie that they were Monsters says Dionysius Halicarnassaus XIV UT PARENTIBUS LIBEROS RELIGANDI VENDENDI OCCIDENDI JUS ALIISQUE MODIS DE EIS STATUENDI PLENA POTESTAS ESSET That Fathers should have a Soveraign Authority over their Children confine them sell them and put them to death and dispose of them which way they should think fit XV. UT SI QUA IN RE PECCASSET MULIER POENAM LUERET EX MARITI ARBITRIO SI VENEFICIJ CIRCA PROLEM VEL ADULTERII ESSET ACCUSATA COGNITIONEM EJUS REI VIR ET COGNATI MULIERIS HABERENT SIN CONVICTA ESSET EX ILLORUM SENTENTIA MULTARETUR SI VINUM BIBISSET DOMI UT ADULTERA PUNIRETUR SI VIR EXTRA VENEPICIUM NATORUM VEL ADULTERIUM MULIEREM REPUDIASSET RERUM EJUS PARS UXORI DARETUR PARS AUTEM CERERI CEDERET If a Wife was found faulty her Husband punished her according to his pleasure If she had Poysoned her Children or committed Adultery the Husband and her Kindred inquired into the fact and if she was found guilty they inflicted what Punishments they pleased upon her If she drunk Wine she was punished like an Adulteress If the Husband put away his Wife for any other cause besides Poysoning or Adultery part of his Wealth was given to the Wife and part to Ceres The Roman Matrons were forbidden to drink Wine and their Husbands had power to kill them when they had drunk any as Pliny assures l. 14. c. 13. Non licebat vinum Romanis feminis bibere Invenemus inter exempla Egnatii Mecennii uxorem quod vinum bibisset edolio interfectam fuisse a marito eumque caedis a Romulo absolutum Cato ideo propinquos feminis osculum dare instituit ut scirent antemetum olerent hoc tum nomen vina erat Wherefore Cato ordered that married Women should kiss their Relations to know if they smelt of Wine XVI UT OMNES PARRICIDAE CAPITE PLECTERENTUR That all Parricides should be punished with Death The following Laws were made by Numa the second King of the Romans PISCES quei squamosei non sunt nei polluceto squamosos omnes praeter Scarum polluceto Do not offer in sacrifice to the Gods Fishes without scales but only those which are scaly except the Scarum SARPTA vinea nei siet ex ea vinum Diis libarier nefas estod 'T is not lawful to offer to the Gods Wine of the growth of a Vine that was never pruned Festus explaining the word Sarpta says Sarpta vinea putata i. e. pura facta Sarpere enim Antiqui pro purgare ponebant For the Gods accepted of no Sacrifices but those that were pure The Ancients offered pure Wine to the Gods uttering these words Mactus hoc vino inferio esto We will speak of it under the words Sacrificium and Libatio QUOJUS auspicio clase procincta operma spolia capiuntur Joves Feretrio bovem caedito quei cepit aeris trecentum darier oporteto secunda spolia endo Martis asam endo campo suove tauriliad utra volet caedito quei cepit aeris ducentum darier oporteto quotos auspicio capta Diis piacolom dato Plutarch assures us that he had read in the Annals of the Pontiffs that Numa had spoken of the spoils called Opima that one General had taken from another and ordered that the first should be consecrated to Jupiter Feretrius the second to Mars and the third to Quirlnus Quojus instead of Cujus an ancient word Clase procincta this word signifies an Army drawn into a line of battel according to Festus wherefore the Ancients called an Army Classis clupcata opeima spolia instead of opima spolia Spoils that the General of an Army took from another as Festus says and they are called opima as he tells us because such Spoils are but seldom got and this happen'd but three times to the Roman Empire once Romulus took spoils from Acron a second time Gornelius Cossus took them from Tolumnius and a third time Marcus Marcellus got them from Viridomar and consecrated them to Jupiter Feretrius as 't is observed by Livy Quei instead of qui cepit aeris instead of aeris ccc darier instead of dari oporteto instead of oportet Endo Martis asam instead of in Martis aram endo campo instead of in campo suove tauralia instead of sue ove tauro a Sacrifice where a Hog a Sheep and a Bull were offer'd SEI QUIS hemonem leiberom sciens dolo malo mortei duit parricidad estod Sei im imprudens se dolo malod occisit pro kapito occisei nateiis ejus endo conscione arietem subjicito If any body kill willingly and out of malice a Freeman let him be declared a Parricide if he doth it unwillingly let him sacrifice in a full assembly a Ram for the life he had taken away Sei instead of si leiberom

as much as to say That a Man that has a distemper'd Head or a crackt Brain should go to Anticyra to cure it with Hellebore ANTIGONE the Daughter of OEdipus King of Thebes she serv'd as an Eye to her Father after he had lost his Sight in his Banishment Going to pay her last respects to her Brother Polynices at his Funeral against the express Command of Creon she was condemn'd by him to be starv'd to Death in Prison but she prevented her Death by hanging herself Prince Haemon Creon's Son who was about to marry her slew himself also upon her Body in a Fit of amorous Despair The Poet Sophocles handles this Tragical Subject in his Tragedy of that Name so nobly that the Athenians gave him for his reward the Government of the Isle of Samos There was another Antigone the Daughter of Laomedon whom Juno changed into a Stork because she equall'd her in Beauty ANTILOCHUS the Son of Nestor who accompanied him to the Siege of Troy was slain by Memnon whilst he endeavoured to ward the blow from his Father Nestor Xenophon tells us in the beginning of his Treatise of Hunting That Antilochus having exposed his own Life to save his Fathers deserv'd so well that the Greeks gave him the Name of Philopator a true Lover of his Father Quintus Calaber relates the matter otherwise That Antilochus having seen two of his Father Nestor ' s Captains Erenthus and Pheron stain by Memnon attempted to revenge their Death upon him but having pushed him with his Javelin Memnon run him through with his Lance. Nestor Commanded his other Son Thrasymedes to fetch off the Body of his Brother but Achilles interposing slew Memnon Nevertheless Ovid. tells us That Antilochus was slain by Hestor ANTINOUS of Bithynia the Emperor Adrian's Favourite who was drowned in the Nile in a Voyage from Egypt The Emperor was so sensibly touched with his Loss that to comfort himself he plac'd him in the rank of the immortal Gods causing Temples to be built to him erecting Altars and appointing Priests and Sacrifices He caused several Medals to be stamp'd to perpetuate his Memory and plac'd his Statues in the Colleges We have Three Medals of his upon the Reverse of the First there is the Figure of a Temple with the Emperor Adrian built upon the Nile in Honour of him with these Greek words 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Adrianus construxit At the bottom of this Temple there is drawn a Crocodile a Creature that abounds in the Nile where Antinous dyed Leonicus in his Historia variâ says That he saw at Venice a Silver Medal of Antinous on which were these words 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is to say Antinous the Here. On the reverse of this Medal is represented a Sheep with an Inscription quite worn out There is yet a Third Medal of Antinous wherein on one side is the Portraiture of this young Bithynian Lad of extraordinary Beauty with these Greek Letters 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Hostilius Marcellus Sacerdos Antinoi Achaeis dicavit On the reverse is the Horse Pegasus with Mercury having his winged Shooes on and his Caduceus ANTIOPE the Daughter of Nycteus and Wife of Lycus King of Thebes whom Jupiter enjoy'd in the form of a Satyr which was the cause that her Husband divorc'd her and marryed Dirce who imprison'd Antiope but she escaped and fled to Mount Citheron where she brought forth Twins Zethus and Amphion who being grown up reveng'd the Wrong done to their Mother upon Lycus and his Wife Dirce. ANTIUM a Sea-Town built by Ascanius according to Solinus or as Dionysius Halicarnassus will have it by one of the Children of Ulysses and Circe upon a Promontory or the top of a Rock 32 Miles from Oftia it was the Metropolis of Volsci with whom the Romans had War for Two Hundred Years Camillus took it from them and carryed all the Beaks of their Ships away and laid 'em up at Rome in the place of their Comitia or Assemblies called from thence Rostra This City was given to the old Praetorian Soldiers and Nero caused a Port to be built there Antiun says Suetonius coloniam deduxit ascriptis veteranis è praetorio ubi portum operis sumptuosissimi fecit ANTONINUS the adopted Son of Adrian to whom he succeeded He was Surnamed Pius for his excellent Morals and sweet Temper to which a reverse of a Medal alludes which represents Aeneas carrying his Father Anchises upon his Shoulders from Troy This was the Badge of Piety and Love towards Parents among the Antients Antoninus had a long Visage which the Physiogmonists say is a sign of Good Nature and Kindness to which we may add a sweet modest and majestick Air and a due proportion of all parts of his Face as in the rest of his Body He must be acknowledg'd to be a Prince good merciful just liberal sober and eloquent one that was truly worthy to govern so great an Empire This Emperor was compard to Numa and indeed they had a very great resemblance one to the other both as to their Minds and the Lineaments of their Face He caus'd the Temple of Augustus which was much ruined to be rebuilt and rais'd a new one to his Predecessor Adrian who adopted him He dyed in the Seventieth Year of his Age and was as much lamented as if he had been a very young Man and 't was observ'd that he gave up the Ghost as if he had been in a sleep Heaven recompensing the sweetness of his Life by the easiness of his Death He govern'd the Empire Twenty two Years and Seven Months or Twenty four Years according to others ANTONINUS See Marcus Aurelius Antoninus ANTONINUS HELIOGABALUS See Heliogabalus M. ANTONIUS Mark Anthony a Trium-vir the Grand-Son of Mark Anthony the Orator and Brother of Lucius He took Caesar's part when he was Tribune of the People and Augur He went into Gallia and engag'd him in a Civil-War against Pompey and his Followers Attempting to possess himself of Mutina Brutus's Province he was declar'd an Enemy to the Senate and People of Rome by the perswasion of Cicero He establish'd the Triumvirate of Octavius Caesar Lampidius and himself which they all Three manag'd with much Cruelty Caesar abandon'd Cicero to the Resentments of Anthony who caus'd his Head to be cut off as he was carryed in his Litter and set it up in the Rostrum where the Roman Orators us'd to plead In the beginning of his Triumvirate he divorc'd his Wife Fulvia to marry Octavia the Sister of Augustus but he left her a little time after for Cleopatra Queen of Egypt with whom he was extremely enamour'd which so enrag'd Augustus that he rais'd an Army against him and defeated him at that famous Sea-fight near Actium The year following he pursu'd him as far as Alexandria whither he fled but seeing himself deserted by his Friends he kill'd himself at the Age of 56 years ANTRONIUS the Croatian had a Cow of wonderful Beauty and he

Deoerviri attempted to breed divisions between the Nobility and the Populace and by that means render their Magistracy perpetual SEI VIR aut molier alter alterei nontiom miseit devortium ested molier res souas sibei habetod vir molierei claves adimitod exicitoque Sei for si molier for mulier alterei for alteri nontiem miseit for nuntium misit devortiem for divortium estod for esto sonas for suas sibei for sibi habetod for habeto molierei for mulieri adimitod for adimito exicitoque for exigitoque Divorces were not known to the ancient Romans before the Law of the twelve Tables neither do we find it to have been put in practice till one and twenty years after the Law made by Spurius Carvilius Ruga who put away his Wife because of her barrenness in the Year of Rome DXXIII when M. Pomponius Matho and C. Papyrius Maso were Consuls for which Valerius blames him in that he preferred the desire of having Children before his Conjugal Affection This was afterwards observed in the Roman Empire not only during the time of Paganism and the ancient Oeconomy but also under the first Christian Emperors and continued to and even after the Reign of Justinian and this was so certain and looked upon to be so reasonable that the parties concerned were not allowed to divest themselves of that liberty by a penal agreement but must be content to undergo the penalties which the Law prescribed in respect to the person that was the cause of an unjust Divorce The Divorce was made by a mutual consent of the parties which they called Bona Gratia and in this case the same depended wholly upon the Parties agreeting to discharge each other of their Nuptial Rights and to advance themselves as they thought good or else by the sole motion and obstinacy of the one against the inclination of the other and if there were no lawful cause for it he who sued was liable to the penalty of injusti dissidii but if there were just cause for it then the Husband restored her Fortune to his Wife took the Keys of his House from her and sent her away as Cicero tells us frugi factus est mimam illam suam suas res sibi habere jussit ex duodecim Tabulis claves ademit exegit SEI QUIS injuriam alt●rei fault xxv aris panae sunto If any man wrongs another he shall pay him XXV As's in brass Money The word Injuria injury in the Roman Law comprehended every thing a Man did in prejudice to his Neighbour An injury was done three ways by action when one Man had received more blows and wounds in his body than the other by words when one spoke words of another that touch his Reputation and Honour and by writing defamatory Libels and Verses The first sort of injury was variously punish'd by the Roman Law for if it proceeded so far as to break a Member the Laws of the twelve Tables allowed the maimed person to take satisfaction himself by laying the same punishment upon the other that is to maim him or break the same bone and this they called Talio for the punishment was and ought to be equal to the wrong and when there was nothing broke but only a blow of buffet given with the Fist he was only to pay five and twenty Ai's As to Wrongs done and Satyrs made upon the Great Men of Rome they were punished by a pecuniary mulct or banishment and sometimes by death it self as St Augustin relates from Cicero l. 4. De Repub. Our Laws of the twelve Tables are very contrary to that for tho' they are very tender in the point of punishing Offenders with death yet they enjoyn it in respect to those who blast the Reputation of another by Verses or injurious Representations for which there is great reason for our lives ought to be liable to the lawful censures of the Magistrates and not to the unbridled liberty of Poets and we ought not to be allowed to speak ill of any one but upon condition that we are able to answer it and vindicate our selves by Law QUEI cum telo hominis occidendi con●a deprehensos fouerit kapital estod He who is found ready to kill another with an Arrow ought to be punish'd with death Wilful murther was always punish'd most severely by the Ancients and this punishment according to the vigour of the Law was not only inflicted when death ensued but also when a person was bent upon the execution of an ill design which he could not accomplish and so that person was punished who armed waited for or set upon any one with a design to kill him tho' he in reality should escape So also he that gave another poyson who bought sold and prepared it tho' it wrought not the effect was punished in the same manner as a murtherer QUEI nox fortum faxsit sei im aliquips occisit joure caeses ested Sei loucoi fortom faxsit t●l●ve se tefenderit sei im aliquips cum clamore occisit joure caefos estod Sei loucei fortom faxsit utque telo se defenderit sei leber siet Praetor im vorberarier joubetod eique quoi fortom factum esit addeicito Sei servos siet virgis caesos ex saxo deicitor sei impobes siet Praetoris arbitratu verberatos noxsiam sarceito It was lawful to kill him that stole any thing by night and if it was day and that the Thief stood armed upon his defence it was also lawful to kill him but if he did not so defend himself and got away the Praetor sentenced him only to be whipped but if he was a Slave they were after he had been first whipped to throw him down head-long over the Tarp●ian Rocks If the Thief was not yet at age he was to be whipped and be sentenced to such Damages as the Praetor pleased QUEI falsum testimonium dixserit ex saxo dicitor That he who bore false Witness against any one should be thrown down head-long over the Tarpeian Rock This Law agrees with the Eighth Commandment which God gave his people Falsum Testimonium non dices Plato and other Greek Philosophers had undoubtedly read the Books of Moses wherein the Decalogue is set down and took the greatest part of their Laws from thence which the Decemviri compiled I shall not in this place set down several Fragments of the Laws of the twelve Tables concerning the way of judging and ordering an Accusation which will be found under the word Accusatio jus judicium No more than those which refer to the Assemblies of the people of Rome by Tribes Centuries Curiae which will be found under the word Comitia But now we come to speak of the particular Laws of the Romans and their Emperours LEX SULPITIA The Sulpitian law made by the Consuls P. Sulpitius Samurius and P. Sempronius Sophius in the year of Republick ccccl. NESCILICET quis templum vel aram lajussu Senatus aut Tribunorum

is most concerned with Fortune Clemens Alexandrinus say there were some who confined Destiny so much to the Moon that they said if there were Three of them it was because of the Three most remarkable Days of the Moon Parcas allegorice dici partes Lunae trigesimam quintam decimam novam lunam ideo candidatas dici ab Orpheo qua fuit partes lucis Varro says and we ought to believe him that formerly they used Parta instead of Parca This Word answers the Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and comes a Partiendo 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to divide because 't is Fate that makes a Division and Lot for every Body But in respect to that Universal Chain of all natural Causes which produce all sensible Effects and form as I may say the Fate of our Bodies the Moon without doubt is one of the most considerable and efficatiousof any as she is also nearest to the Earth The Moon was one of the Destinies in the Opinion of those who gave this Quality to Ilithyia which is known to be the Moon and to preside over Nativities Pausanias tells us that Venus Vrania was also accounted one of the Destinies and that she was even the Eldest of the Three Sisters Epigramma verò indicat Venerem Caelestem earum quae Parcae vocantur natu maximam PARENTALIA they were Solemnities and Banquets made by the Ancients at the Obsequies of their Relations and Friends PARIS the Son of Priamus King of Troy and of Hecuba His Mother being with Child of him saw in her Dream that she was brought to Bed of a Burning-torch which would set all Asia on fire And having consulted the Augurs thereupon they made answer That that Child one Day should be the Cause of the Ruine of his Country Priamus being informed of it exposed him to be destroy'd but his Wife Hecuba being touch'd with Compassion delivered him privately to the King's Shepherds to bring him up on Mount Ida in Phrygia where he grew up and became Valiant and expert at all bodily Exercises wherein he exceeded Hector whom he threw in Wrestling Dares the Phrygian who had seen Paris gives us an Account of his Person in his Book concerning the Destruction of Troy where he says He was tall and well proportioned of a fair Complexion had very good Eyes and a sweet Voice that he was Bold Couragious Forward and Ambitious And this is confirmed by Dion Chrysostom and Cornelius Nepos in their Translation of Dares into Verse Hector upbraids him for his very Beauty as if he were fitter for Love than War Homer gives him the Title of being Valiant and among others names Diomedes and Machaon's being wounded by him to which Dares adds Menelaus and Palamedes Antilochus and Achilles whom he slew Hyginus relates the Fight he had with his Brethren whom he overcame while he was a Shepherd As to the Contest between the Three Goddesses viz. Juno Venus and Pallas to know which was the fairest of them Dares in his Poem concerning the Destruction of Troy recites the Words which they spoke to Paris in order to engage him to give Sentence in their Favour as well as Lucian does in his Dialogue concerning the Judgment of Paris Venus wanted not Reasons to gain the Opinion of amorous Paris and to oblige him to declare in her Favour for as his Reward she promised him one of the finest Women in the World which was Helen Menelaus his Wife and she was so constant to her Word that she favoured him to carry her off which occasioned the fatal War made by the Grecians against the Trojans Some Commentators upon Homer and Spondanus among others believe this pretended Sentence of Paris was not known to Homer Plutarch himself favours this Conjecture when he maintains that the 3 Verses of the 24th Iliad where he speaks of it are Supposititious and inserted by some other and that 't is an unbecoming thing to believe the Gods were judged by Men and that Homer making no mention thereof any other where there was Reason to believe these Lines were foisted in But a Medal of Antoninus Pius gives us to understand that this Action was believed to be true by the Ancients and we may farther oppose against Plutarch the ancient Statue of Paris done by Eupbranor whereby as Pliny says it might be known that he was a Judge between the Goddesses the Lover of Helen and the Person that killed Aahilles Other Authors have thought that Paris himself feigned his having been a Judge between the Goddesses and that he did this in Opposition to Hercules who renounced Vice in favour of Vertue how difficult soever it appeared since Paris despised the Riches and Honours promised him by Juno and the Knowledge profferred him by Pallas and abandoned himself to his Pleasures Eusebius treats of the History and not the Fabulous part for he writes that the City of Troy was destroy'd for the Rape of Helen one of the Three Grecian Ladies that contended for Beauty PARNASSUS a Mountain in Phocis consecrated to Apollo and the Muses whence arise the Fountains of Custalins Hippocrene and Aganippe so famous in the Poets At the Foot of this Mountain stood the City of Cyrrha and the Temple of Apollo of Delphos The Muses took their Epithers from these Places for in the Poets they are called Parnassides and Castalides PARRICIDA a Parricide the Murderer of his Father or Mother The Romans made no Law against Parricides because they did not think there could be a Man so wicked as to kill his Parents L. Ostius was the first that killed his Father 500 Years after Numa's Death even after the Time of Hannibal And then the Pompeian Law was made which ordained that the Person who was convicted of this Crime after he had been first whipped till the Blood came should be tied up in a Leathern Sack together with a Dog an Ape a Cock and a Viper and so thrown into the Sea or next River PARTUNDA a Goddess that assisted at Child-bearing PASIPHAE the Daughter of the Sun and Wife to Minos King of Creet The Fable tells us she fell in Love with a Bull whom she enjoy'd by Daedalus his Contrivance who by his Skill made a Cow wherein Pasiphae being inclosed she conceived by this Bull a Creature that was half Man half Bull which was shut up in the Labyrinth and with the Assistance of Ariadne killed by Theseus Servius informs us that this Taurus was one of Minos his Captains who by the Procurement of Daedalus enjoy'd Pasiphae and because the Child she bore was like unto Taurus and Minos he was called Minotaurus Lucian says that Pasiphae hearing Daedalus discoursing of the Coelestial Sign Taurus she became in Love with his Doctrine which she learnt from him and this gave the Poets occasion to feign that she fell in Love with a Bull. PASSUS a Pace a Measure taken from the Space that is between the two Feet of an Animal the common Pace is that Space we