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cause_n adam_n nature_n sin_n 2,126 5 5.5892 4 true
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A92147 A treatise of civil policy: being a resolution of forty three questions concerning prerogative, right and priviledge, in reference to the supream prince and the people. / By Samuel Rutherford professor of divintiy of St Andrews in Scotland. Rutherford, Samuel, 1600?-1661. 1656 (1656) Wing R2396; Thomason E871_1; ESTC R207911 452,285 479

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both_o a_o father_n because_o a_o king_n and_o a_o tyrant_n and_o cruel_a and_o lion-hearted_n oppressor_n of_o these_o who_o he_o have_v conquer_v for_o god_n have_v give_v he_o royal_a power_n by_o this_o example_n to_o put_v these_o to_o who_o he_o be_v a_o 31._o father_n and_o defender_n by_o office_n to_o torment_v and_o also_o to_o be_v a_o torturer_n of_o they_o by_o office_n by_o bring_v their_o back_n under_o such_o instrument_n of_o cruelty_n as_o saw_n and_o harrow_n of_o iron_n and_o axe_n of_o iron_n quest_n xiii_o whether_o or_o no_o royal_a dignity_n have_v its_o spring_n from_o nature_n and_o how_o that_o be_v true_a every_o man_n be_v bear_v free_a and_o how_o servitude_n be_v contrary_a to_o nature_n i_o conceive_v it_o to_o be_v evident_a that_o royal_a dignity_n be_v not_o immediate_o and_o without_o the_o intervention_n of_o the_o people_n consent_n give_v by_o god_n to_o any_o one_o person_n 2._o that_o conquest_n and_o violence_n be_v no_o just_a title_n to_o a_o 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a_o legal_a power_n in_o his_o father_n who_o appoint_v a_o tutor_n for_o his_o son_n and_o the_o people_n have_v virtual_o all_o royal_a power_n in_o they_o as_o in_o a_o sort_n of_o immortal_a and_o eternal_a fountain_n and_o may_v create_v to_o themselves_o many_o king_n asser_n 2._o the_o king_n power_n be_v not_o proper_o and_o univocal_o a_o marital_a husbandly_a and_o husbandly_a power_n but_o only_o analogical_o 1._o the_o wife_n by_o nature_n be_v the_o weak_a vessel_n and_o inferior_a to_o the_o man_n but_o the_o kingdom_n as_o shall_v be_v demonstrate_v be_v superior_a to_o the_o king_n 2._o the_o wife_n be_v give_v as_o a_o help_n to_o the_o man_n but_o by_o the_o contrary_a the_o man_n here_o be_v give_v as_o a_o help_n and_o father_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n which_o be_v presume_v to_o be_v the_o wife_n 3._o marital_a and_o husbandly_a power_n be_v natural_a though_o it_o be_v not_o natural_a but_o from_o free_a election_n that_o peter_n be_v anae_n husband_n and_o shall_v have_v be_v though_o man_n have_v never_o sin_v but_o royal_a power_n be_v a_o politic_a constitution_n and_o the_o world_n may_v have_v subsist_v though_o aristocracy_n or_o democracy_n have_v be_v the_o only_a and_o perpetual_a government_n so_o let_v the_o prelate_n glory_n in_o his_o borrow_a logic_n he_o have_v it_o from_o barclay_n it_o be_v not_o in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o wife_n to_o repudiat_fw-la her_o husband_n though_o never_o so_o wicked_a she_o be_v tie_v to_o he_o for_o ever_o and_o may_v not_o give_v to_o he_o a_o bill_n of_o divorcement_n as_o by_o law_n the_o husband_n may_v give_v to_o she_o if_o therefore_o the_o people_n swear_v loyalty_n to_o he_o they_o must_v keep_v though_o to_o their_o hurt_n ps_n 15._o aas_n there_o be_v nothing_o here_o say_v except_o barclay_n and_o the_o plagiary_n prove_v that_o the_o king_n power_n be_v proper_o a_o husband_n power_n which_o they_o can_v prove_v but_o from_o a_o simile_n that_o crook_v but_o a_o king_n elect_v upon_o condition_n that_o if_o he_o sell_v his_o people_n he_o shall_v lose_v his_o crown_n be_v as_o essential_o a_o king_n as_o adam_n be_v evahs_n husband_n and_o yet_o by_o grant_n of_o party_n the_o people_n may_v devorce_v from_o such_o a_o king_n and_o dethrone_v he_o if_o he_o sell_v his_o people_n but_o a_o wife_n may_v never_o devorce_v from_o her_o husband_n as_o the_o argument_n say_v and_o this_o poor_a argument_n the_o prelate_n steal_v from_o dr._n ferne_n part_v 2._o sec._n 3._o pag._n 10_o 11._o 2._o the_o keep_n of_o covenant_n though_o to_o our_o hu●t_n be_v a_o penal_a hurt_n and_o loss_n of_o good_n not_o a_o moral_a hurt_n and_o loss_n of_o religion_n assert_v 3._o the_o king_n be_v more_o proper_o a_o sort_n of_o patron_n to_o defend_v lord_n the_o people_n and_o therefore_o have_v no_o power_n give_v either_o by_o god_n or_o man_n to_o hurt_v the_o people_n and_o a_o minister_n or_o public_a and_o honourable_a servant_n rom._n 13._o 4._o for_o he_o be_v the_o minister_n of_o god_n to_o thou_o for_o good_a he_o be_v the_o commonwealth_n servant_n objective_o because_o all_o the_o king_n servant_n service_n as_o he_o be_v king_n be_v for_o the_o good_a safety_n peace_n and_o salvation_n of_o the_o people_n and_o in_o this_o he_o be_v a_o servant_n 2._o he_o be_v the_o servant_n of_o the_o people_n representative_o in_o that_o the_o people_n have_v impawn_v in_o his_o hand_n all_o their_o power_n to_o do_v royal_a service_n obj._n he_o be_v the_o servant_n of_o god_n ergo_fw-la he_o be_v not_o the_o people_n servant_n but_o their_o sovereign_a lord_n ans_fw-fr it_o follow_v not_o because_o all_o the_o service_n the_o king_n as_o king_n perform_v to_o god_n they_o be_v act_n of_o royalty_n and_o act_n of_o royal_a service_n as_o terminate_v on_o the_o people_n or_o act_n of_o their_o sovereign_a lord_n and_o this_o prove_v that_o to_o be_v their_o sovereign_n be_v to_o be_v their_o servant_n and_o watchman_n respect_n object_n 2._o god_n make_v a_o king_n only_o and_o the_o kingly_a power_n be_v in_o he_o only_o not_o in_o the_o people_n ans_fw-fr the_o royal_a power_n be_v only_o from_o god_n immediate_o immediatione_fw-la simplicis_fw-la constitutionis_fw-la &_o solum_fw-la a_o deo_fw-la solitudine_fw-la primae_fw-la causae_fw-la by_o the_o immediation_n of_o simple_a constitution_n none_o but_o god_n appoint_v there_o shall_v be_v king_n but_o 2._o royal_a power_n be_v not_o in_o god_n nor_o only_o from_o god_n immediatione_fw-la applicationis_fw-la regiae_fw-la dignitatis_fw-la ad_fw-la personam_fw-la nec_fw-la a_o deo_fw-la solum_fw-la solitudine_fw-la causae_fw-la applicantis_fw-la dignitatem_fw-la huic_fw-la non_fw-la illi_fw-la in_o respect_n of_o the_o apply_v of_o royal_a dignity_n to_o this_o person_n not_o to_o this_o object_n 3._o though_o royal_a power_n be_v give_v to_o the_o people_n it_o be_v not_o give_v to_o the_o people_n as_o if_o it_o be_v the_o royal_a power_n of_o the_o people_n and_o not_o the_o royal_a power_n of_o god_n neither_o be_v it_o any_o other_o way_n bestow_v on_o the_o people_n but_o as_o on_o a_o beam_n a_o channel_n a_o instrument_n by_o which_o it_o be_v derive_v to_o other_o and_o so_o the_o king_n be_v not_o the_o minister_n or_o servant_n of_o the_o people_n ans_fw-fr it_o be_v not_o in_o the_o people_n as_o in_o the_o principal_a cause_n sure_o all_o royal_a power_n that_o way_n be_v only_o in_o god_n but_o it_o be_v in_o the_o people_n as_o in_o the_o instrument_n and_o when_o the_o people_n make_v david_n their_o king_n at_o hebron_n in_o that_o same_o very_a act_n god_n by_o the_o people_n use_v their_o free_a suffrage_n and_o consent_n make_v david_n king_n at_o hebron_n so_o god_n only_o give_v rain_n and_o none_o of_o the_o vanity_n and_o suppose_a god_n of_o the_o gentile_n can_v give_v rain_n jer._n 14._o 22._o and_o yet_o the_o cloud_n also_o give_v rain_n as_o nature_n as_o a_o organ_n and_o vessel_n out_o of_o which_o god_n pour_v down_o rain_n upon_o the_o dry_a earth_n amos_n 9_o 5._o and_o every_o instrument_n under_o god_n that_o be_v proper_o a_o instrument_n be_v a_o sort_n of_o vicarious_a cause_n in_o god_n room_n and_o so_o subjective_o the_o people_n as_o in_o god_n room_n apply_v royal_a power_n to_o david_n not_o to_o any_o of_o saul_n son_n and_o appoint_v david_n to_o be_v their_o royal_a servant_n to_o govern_v and_o in_o that_o to_o serve_v god_n and_o to_o do_v that_o which_o a_o community_n now_o in_o the_o state_n of_o sin_n can_v formal_o do_v themselves_o and_o so_o i_o see_v not_o how_o it_o be_v a_o service_n to_o the_o people_n not_o only_o objective_o because_o the_o king_n royal_a service_n tend_v to_o the_o good_a and_o peace_n and_o safety_n of_o the_o people_n but_o also_o subjective_o in_o regard_n he_o have_v his_o power_n and_o royal_a authority_n which_o he_o exercise_v as_o king_n from_o the_o people_n under_o god_n as_o god_n instrument_n and_o therefore_o the_o king_n and_o parliament_n give_v ou●_n law_n and_o statute_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o whole_a people_n of_o the_o land_n and_o they_o be_v but_o flatterer_n and_o belie_v the_o holy_a ghost_n who_o teach_v that_o the_o people_n do_v not_o make_v the_o king_n for_o israel_n make_v saul_n king_n at_o mizpeh_n and_o israel_n make_v david_n king_n at_o hebron_n object_n 3._o israel_n make_v david_n king_n that_o be_v israel_n design_v david_n person_n to_o be_v king_n and_o israel_n consent_v to_o god_n act_n of_o make_v david_n king_n but_o they_o do_v not_o make_v david_n king_n ans_fw-fr i_o say_v not_o that_o israel_n make_v the_o royal_a dignity_n of_o king_n act_n god_n deut._n 17._o institute_v that_o himself_o but_o the_o royalist_n must_v give_v we_o a_o act_n of_o god_n go_v before_o a_o act_n of_o the_o people_n make_v david_n king_n at_o hebron_n by_o which_o david_n of_o no_o king_n be_v make_v formal_o a_o king_n and_o then_o another_o act_n of_o the_o people_n approve_v only_o and_o consent_v to_o that_o act_n of_o god_n whereby_o david_n be_v make_v formal_o of_o no_o king_n to_o be_v a_o king_n this_o royalist_n shall_v never_o instruct_v for_o there_o be_v only_o two_o act_n of_o god_n here_o 1._o god_n act_n of_o anoint_v david_n by_o the_o hand_n of_o samuel_n and_o 2._o god_n act_n of_o make_v david_n king_n at_o hebron_n and_o a_o three_o they_o shall_v never_o give_v but_o the_o former_a be_v not_o that_o by_o which_o david_n be_v essential_o and_o formal_o change_v from_o the_o state_n of_o a_o private_a subject_n and_o no_o king_n into_o the_o state_n of_o a_o public_a judge_n and_o supreme_a lord_n and_o king_n for_o as_o i_o have_v prove_v after_o this_o act_n of_o anoint_v of_o david_n king_n he_o be_v design_v only_o and_o set_v
if_o they_o break_v this_o law_n but_o this_o make_v not_o the_o king_n great_a than_o the_o law_n for_o therefore_o do_v ruler_n put_v the_o stamp_n of_o relation_n to_o punishment_n on_o the_o law_n because_o there_o be_v intrinsical_v worth_a in_o the_o law_n prior_n to_o the_o act_n of_o the_o will_n of_o lawgiver_n for_o which_o it_o merit_v to_o be_v enact_v and_o therefore_o because_o law_n it_o be_v authorizable_a as_o good_a and_o just_a the_o king_n put_v on_o it_o this_o stamp_n of_o a_o politic_n law_n god_n form_v be_v and_o moral_a aptitude_n to_o the_o end_n in_o all_o law_n to_o wit_n the_o safety_n of_o the_o people_n and_o the_o king_n will_v be_v neither_o the_o measure_n nor_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o goodness_n of_o thing_n 2._o if_o the_o king_n be_v he_o who_o make_v the_o law_n good_a and_o just_a because_o he_o be_v more_o such_o himself_o then_o as_o the_o law_n can_v crook_v and_o err_v nor_o sin_n neither_o can_v the_o king_n sin_n nor_o break_v a_o law_n this_o be_v blasphemy_n every_o man_n be_v a_o liar_n a_o law_n which_o deserve_v the_o name_n of_o a_o law_n can_v lie_v 3._o his_o ground_n be_v that_o there_o be_v such_o majesty_n in_o king_n that_o their_o we_o will_n must_v be_v do_v either_o in_o we_o or_o on_o we_o a_o great_a untruth_n achabs_n will_n must_v neither_o be_v do_v of_o elias_n for_o he_o command_v thing_n unjust_a nor_o yet_o on_o elias_n for_o elias_n flee_v and_o lawful_o we_o may_v sly_a tyrant_n and_o so_o ahab'_v will_n in_o kill_a elias_n be_v not_o do_v on_o he_o assert_v 2._o nor_o can_v it_o be_v make_v good_a that_o the_o king_n only_o have_v alone_z power_n of_o make_v law_n because_o his_o power_n be_v then_o absolute_a to_o inflict_v penalty_n on_o subject_n without_o any_o consent_n of_o they_o and_o that_o be_v a_o dominion_n of_o master_n who_o command_v what_o they_o please_v and_o under_o what_o pain_n they_o please_v and_o the_o people_n consent_v to_o be_v rule_v by_o such_o a_o man_n they_o tacit_o consent_v to_o penalty_n of_o law_n because_o natural_a reason_n say_v a_o ill-doer_n shall_v be_v punish_v florianus_n in_o l._n inde_fw-la vasquez_n l._n 2._o c._n 55._o n._n 3._o therefore_o they_o must_v have_v some_o power_n in_o make_v these_o law_n 2._o jer._n 26._o it_o be_v clear_a the_o prince_n judge_n with_o the_o people_n a_o nomothetick_a power_n differ_v gradual_o only_a from_o a_o judicial_a power_n both_o be_v collarerall_a mean_n to_o the_o end_n of_o government_n the_o people_n safety_n but_o parliament_n judge_v ergo_fw-la they_o have_v a_o nomothetick_a power_n with_o the_o king_n 3._o the_o parliament_n give_v all_o supremacy_n to_o the_o king_n ergo_fw-la to_o prevent_v tyranny_n it_o must_v keep_v a_o coordinate_a power_n with_o the_o king_n in_o the_o high_a act_n 4._o if_o the_o kingly_a line_n be_v interrupt_v if_o the_o king_n be_v a_o child_n or_o a_o captive_n they_o make_v law_n who_o make_v king_n ergo_fw-la this_o nomothetick_a power_n recur_v into_o the_o state_n as_o to_o the_o first_o subject_n obj._n the_o king_n be_v the_o fountain_n of_o the_o law_n and_o subject_n can_v 8._o make_v law_n to_o themselves_o more_o than_o they_o can_v punish_v themselves_o he_o be_v only_o the_o supreme_a answ_n the_o people_n be_v the_o fountain_n of_o the_o king_n must_v rather_o be_v the_o fountain_n of_o law_n 2._o it_o be_v false_a that_o no_o man_n make_v law_n to_o himself_o those_o who_o teach_v other_o teach_v themselves_o also_o 1_o tim._n 2._o 12._o 1_o cor._n 14._o 34._o tho_o teach_v be_v a_o act_n of_o authority_n but_o they_o agree_v to_o the_o penalty_n of_o the_o law_n secondary_o only_a and_o so_o do_v the_o king_n who_o as_o a_o father_n do_v not_o will_n evil_a of_o punishment_n to_o his_o child_n but_o by_o a_o consequent_a will_n 3._o the_o king_n be_v the_o only_a supreme_a in_o the_o power_n ministerial_a of_o execute_v law_n but_o this_o be_v a_o derive_v power_n so_o as_o no_o one_o man_n be_v above_o he_o but_o in_o the_o fountaine-power_n of_o royalty_n the_o state_n be_v above_o he_o 5._o the_o civil_a law_n be_v clear_a that_o the_o law_n of_o the_o emperor_n have_v force_v only_o from_o this_o fountain_n because_o the_o people_n have_v transfer_v their_o power_n to_o the_o king_n lib._n 1._o digest_v do_fw-mi 4._o de_fw-la constit_fw-la princip_n leg_n 1._o sic_fw-la ulpian_n quod_fw-la principi_fw-la placuit_fw-la loquor_fw-la de_fw-fr principe_fw-la formaliter_fw-la qua_fw-la princeps_fw-la est_fw-la non_fw-la qua_fw-la est_fw-la homo_fw-la legis_fw-la habet_fw-la vigorem_fw-la utpote_fw-la cum_fw-la lege_fw-la regius_fw-la quae_fw-la de_fw-la imperio_fw-la ejus_fw-la lata_fw-la est_fw-la populus_fw-la ●i_fw-la &_o in_o eum_fw-la omne_fw-la suum_fw-la imperium_fw-la &_o potestatem_fw-la conferat_fw-la yea_o the_o emperor_n himself_o may_v be_v convene_v before_o the_o prince_n elector_n aurea_fw-la bulla_n carol._n 4._o imper_v c._n 5._o the_o king_n of_o france_n may_v be_v convene_v before_o the_o senate_n of_o paris_n the_o state_n may_v resist_v a_o tyrant_n as_o bossius_n say_v de_fw-la principe_fw-la &_o privileg_n ejus_fw-la n._n 55._o paris_n de_fw-fr puteo_fw-la in_o tract_n syno_o do_fw-mi de_fw-fr excess_n reg._n c._n 3._o divine_n acknowledge_v that_o elias_n rebuke_v the_o halt_n of_o israel_n betwixt_o god_n and_o baal_n that_o their_o prince_n permit_v baal_n priest_n to_o converse_v with_o the_o king_n and_o be_v not_o this_o the_o sin_n of_o the_o land_n that_o they_o suffer_v their_o king_n to_o worship_v idol_n and_o therefore_o the_o land_n be_v punish_v for_o the_o sin_n of_o manasseh_n as_o knox_n observe_v in_o his_o dispute_n with_o lethington_n where_o he_o prove_v that_o the_o state_n of_o scotland_n shall_v not_o permit_v the_o queen_n of_o scotland_n to_o have_v her_o abominable_a mass_n hist_o of_o scotland_n l._n 4._o p._n 379._o edit_n a_o 1644._o sure_o the_o power_n or_o sea-prerogative_n of_o a_o sleepy_a or_o mad_a pilot_n to_o split_v the_o themselves_o ship_n on_o a_o rock_n as_o i_o conceive_v be_v limit_v by_o the_o passenger_n suppose_v a_o father_n in_o a_o distemper_n will_v set_v his_o own_o house_n on_o fire_n and_o burn_v himself_o and_o his_o ten_o son_n i_o conceive_v his_o fatherly_a prerogative_n which_o neither_o god_n nor_o nature_n give_v shall_v not_o be_v look_v to_o in_o this_o but_o they_o may_v bind_v he_o yea_o althusius_n polit_fw-la c._n 39_o n._n 60._o answer_v that_o that_o in_o democracie_n the_o people_n can_v both_o command_n and_o obey_v say_v it_o be_v true_a secundum_fw-la idem_fw-la ad_fw-la idem_fw-la &_o eodem_fw-la tempore_fw-la but_o the_o people_n may_v say_v he_o choose_v magistrate_n by_o succession_n yea_o i_o say_v 1._o they_o may_v change_v ruler_n yearly_a to_o remove_v envy_n a_o yearly_a king_n be_v more_o dangerous_a the_o king_n be_v almost_o above_o envy_n man_n incline_v more_o to_o flatter_v then_o to_o envy_v king_n 2._o aristotle_n say_v polit_fw-la l._n 4._o c._n 4._o l._n 6._o c._n 2._o the_o people_n may_v give_v their_o judgement_n of_o the_o wise_a obj._n williams_n b._n of_o ossorie_n vindic._n reg._n a_o looking-glass_n for_o rebel_n say_v p._n 64._o to_o say_v the_o king_n be_v better_a than_o any_o one_o do_v not_o prove_v he_o to_o be_v better_a than_o two_o and_o if_o his_o supremacy_n be_v no_o more_o than_o any_o other_o may_v challenge_v as_o much_o for_o the_o prince_n be_v singulis_fw-la major_a a_o lord_n be_v above_o all_o knight_n a_o knight_n above_o all_o esquire_n and_o so_o the_o people_n have_v place_v a_o king_n under_o they_o not_o above_o they_o ans_fw-fr the_o reason_n be_v not_o alike_o for_o all_o the_o knight_n unite_v can_v people_n make_v one_o lord_n and_o all_o the_o esquire_n unite_v can_v make_v one_o knight_n but_o all_o the_o people_n unite_v make_v david_n king_n at_o hebron_n 2._o the_o king_n be_v above_o the_o people_n by_o eminency_n of_o derive_v authority_n as_o a_o watchman_n and_o in_o actual_a supremacy_n and_o he_o be_v inferior_a to_o they_o in_o fountaine-power_n as_o the_o effect_n to_o the_o cause_n object_n 2._o the_o parliament_n sai_z williams_z may_v not_o command_v debito_fw-la the_o king_n why_o then_o make_v they_o supplication_n to_o he_o if_o their_o vote_n be_v a_o law_n ans_fw-fr they_o supplicate_v ex_fw-la decentia_fw-la of_o decency_n and_o conveniency_n for_o his_o place_n as_o a_o city_n do_v supplicate_v a_o lord_n major_n but_o they_o supplicate_v not_o ex_fw-la debito_fw-la of_o obligation_n as_o beggar_n seek_v alm_n then_o shall_v they_o be_v cypher_n 2._o when_o a_o subject_a oppress_v supplicate_v his_o sovereign_n for_o justice_n the_o king_n be_v oblige_v by_o office_n to_o give_v justice_n and_o to_o hear_v the_o oppress_v be_v not_o a_o act_n of_o grace_n and_o mercy_n as_o to_o give_v