Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	action_n	necessary_a	will_n	2,167	5	7.9150	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A57249	The compleat statesman, or, The political will and testament of that great minister of state, Cardinal Duke de Richilieu from whence Lewis the XIV ... has taken his measures and maxims of government : in two parts / done out of French.	Richelieu, Armand Jean du Plessis, duc de, 1585-1642.; Du Chastelet, Paul Hay, marquis, b. ca. 1630.	1695 (1695)	Wing R1418; ESTC R35327	209,076	398

of those who swerv'd from their Duty shew'd all the World that your Steadiness equal'd your Prudence That Punishment also shew'd that your Servants preferr'd Publick Good before Private Interest since on that occasion they resisted the Sollicitations of several Persons whom it behov'd them to have a great deal of Consideration for as well as the Threatnings of Monsieur which Puy-Laurens carry'd to that degree as to declare That in case Montmorency were put to Death Monsieur would find a time to make them suffer the same Fate The Patience wherewith you have born the new Conspiracies which Puy-Laurens form'd in Flanders in Monsieur's Name who retir'd thither for the third time is altogether like that which induces a Father to excuse the Bahaviour which one of his Children is inspir'd with after having laid aside his Obedience That which has induc'd you to bear as long as the Good of the State and your own Conscience would permit you the Malice and Levity which have often induc'd the Duke of Lorrain to Arm against you is a Virtue which has but few Examples in History The Goodness which has prevail'd with you to be contented for the Reparation of his second Faults with the Deposition of some Places capable to keep him within the Bounds of his Duty had not his Folly equall'd his Breach of Faith will be found perhaps the more singular in that there are few Princes who lose the opportunity of making themselves Masters of a Neighbouring State when they have a lawful Subject and Power at once so to do After so many Relapses committed by the Duke your Vassal after he had snatch'd away from you contrary to his Faith against Divine and Humane Right a Pledge almost as precious as your State the Prudence wherewith you divested him when his Malice and Inconstancy could receive no other Remedies but the utmost Extremities is the more to be commended because that had you done it sooner your Justice might have been call'd in question Neither could you tarry longer without shewing your self insensible and without committing by Omission a Fault equal unto that which a Prince should commit in divesting another without a Cause What ought we not to say of the good Nature which has enclin'd you to procure Monsieur's Return into France for the third time when there seemed no longer to be any reason to trust his Faith after the divers Relapses and extraordinary Infidelities of his Followers Many thought with Reason that he could never come back again without exposing your most Faithful Servants and yet they were the only Persons who did sollicit your Majesty to draw him out of the Peril into which he had expos'd himself That Action will meet but few Examples in Antiquity if we consider the Circumstances of it and perhaps but little Imitation of it for the future As no body could without a great deal of Boldness advise your Majesty to grant Monsieur contrary to your own Sentiments a notable Augmentation of Power the Government of a Province and a strong Place in order to recall him out of Lorrain the first time he went out of the Kingdom so it requir'd a great deal of Firmness to resist the Instances he made for a whole Year together to have one given him upon the Frontier where he design'd to retire in quitting Flanders It was no small Happiness that those two Counsels succeeded so well that the Concession of the first place occasion'd his first Return and yet prov'd so innocent a Cause that being useful on that occasion they could not make an ill use of it since when his Adherents endeavour'd it And that the Refusal of the Second was so far from hindring him to return to his Duty and into his Native Country the only place of his Safety that on the contrary it induc'd him to return back again with as good an Intention as he and his have confess'd since it was bad when under Pretence of the Safety of his Person he desir'd a Retreat to disturb the growing Peace of France anew The extraordinary Favours your Majesty granted to Puy-Laurens to induce him to inspire a good Conduct to his Master are so worthy of remembrance that they must not be forgotten in this place The Punishment he receiv'd when you discover'd that he continu'd to abuse your Favours was too just and too necessary not to insert it afterwards I am persuaded that Posterity will observe three things which are very considerable on that Subject An entire Resignation of all Interests but such as related to the Publick Good in your Creatures who having receiv'd him by your express Command into their Alliance nevertheless advis'd you to secure him because the Good of the State requir'd it A great Prudence in performing that Action in the Presence of Monsieur who could not near hand disapprove a Council which he would have dreaded for himself at a distance had not Experience made him sensible that he was not aim'd at A great Boldness in allowing him as much Liberty as he enjoy'd before grounded barely upon this That as ill Counsels only had seduc'd him the Effect would cease with the Cause and that he would be no sooner destitute of them but he would follow by his own Sentiments a Method quite different from that he had been put upon This Action and many others transacted during your Majesty's Reign will I am sure make this pass for a certain Maxim That it is necessary on certain occasions in which the Welfare of the State is concern'd to assume a Male Virtue sometimes to exceed the Bounds of Common Prudence and that it is sometimes impossible to avoid certain Evils unless something be given to Fortune or rather to Divine Providence which seldom refuses its Assistance when our exhausted Wisdom can no longer furnish us with any Moreover your Conduct will be acknowledged the more just in that those who will read the History of your Life will find that your Majesty never punishes any body without having first endeavour'd by some extraordinary Favours to retain him within the Bounds of his Duty The Marshal d'Ornano was made Marshal to that end The Grand Prior was certain of the Command of the Sea when he perverted his Brother's Mind and both gave you Cause to deprive them of their Liberty The Marshal de Bassompierre only subsisted by your Favours when his way of speaking and of behaving himself at Court oblig'd you to confine him to the Bastille The Lord Keeper Marillac was the more oblig'd to perform his Duty because the height to which his good Fortune had elevated him left him no room to desire any thing tho' never so ambitious The Marshal his Brother settled in Verdun and elevated to an Office of the Crown had all the reason imaginable to avoid the Fate he deserved by his Ingratitude and by his evil Behaviour The several Commands the Duke de Montmorency had had in your Armies tho' he was as yet very young to

beat the Duke of Savoy assisted by the Spaniards rais'd the Siege of Cazal and constrain'd all your Enemies to agree with you This glorious Action which restor'd Peace in Italy was no sooner atchiev'd but your Majesty whose Mind and Heart never found any rest but in Labour pass'd directly into Languedoc where after having taken Privas and Alez by force you reduc'd the rest of the Huguenot Party throughout your Kingdom to Obedience and by your Clemency granted a Peace to those who had presum'd to wage a War against you not by granting them Advantages prejudicial to the State as had been done till then but by banishing him out of the Kingdom who was the only Head of that miserable Party and who had all along fomented it That which is most considerable in so glorious an Action is that you ruin'd that Party absolutely at a time when the King of Spain endeavour'd to raise it again and to settle it more than ever He had newly made a Treaty with the Duke of Rohan to form in this State a Body of Rebellious States to God and to your Majesty at once in consideration of a Million of Livres which he was to pay him yearly for which he made the Indies Tributaries to Hell But their Projects prov'd ineffectual And whilst he had the Mortification to hear that the Person he had employ'd to be the Bearer of so glorious an Establishment was executed upon a Scaffold by a Decree of the Parliament of Thoulouse before whom he was Try'd your Majesty had the Satisfaction and Advantage to pardon those who could no longer defend themselves to annihilate their Faction and to use their Persons well when they expected nothing but the Chastisement of the Crimes they had commited I am sensible that Spain thinks to excuse so ill an Action by the Succours you granted the Hollanders but that Excuse is as ill as their Cause Common Sense will convince every body that there is much difference between the continuation of a Succours established upon a Lawful Subject if Natural Defence is so and a new Establishment manifestly contrary to Religion and to the Lawful Authority Kings have received from Heaven over their Subjects The late King your Father never enter'd into a Treaty with the Hollanders until the King of Spain had form'd a League in this Kingdom to usurp the Crown This Truth is too evident to be question'd and there is no Theology in the World but will grant without going against the Principles of Natural Reason that as Necessity obliges those whose Life is attempted to make use of all Helps to preserve it so a Prince has the same Right to avoid the loss of his State That which is free in the beginning sometimes becomes necessary in the sequel Therefore no body can find fault with the Union your Majesty maintains with those People not only in consequence of the Treaties of the late King but moreover because Spain cannot be reputed otherwise than as an Enemy to this State whilst they retain part of its ancient Demeans It is evident that the Cause which has given a Rise to those Treaties not being remov'd the continuation of the Effect is as lawful as necessary The Spaniards are so far from any Pretence of being in the same case that on the contrary their Designs are so much the more unjust that instead of repairing the Injuries they have done this Kingdom they increase them daily Moreover the late King never join'd with the Hollanders until they were entred into a Body of State and was constrain'd to it by an Oppression which he could not wholly avoid He neither occasion'd their Revolt nor the Union of their Provinces And Spain has not only often favour'd the Revolted Huguenots against your Predecessors they also endeavour'd to unite them in a Body of State in yours A holy Zeal has induc'd them to be the Authors of so good an Establishment and that without any Necessity and consequently without Reason unless the Continuation of their ancient Usurpations and the new ones they design rectifie their Actions so much that what is forbidden to all the World besides is lawful in them upon the account of their good Intentions Having treated this matter more at large in another Treatise I will leave it to continue the Sequel of your Actions The ill Faith of the Spaniards having induc'd them to attack the Duke of Mantua again to the Prejudice of the Treaties they had made with your Majesty you march'd the second time into Italy where by the Blessing of God after having gloriously cross'd a River the Passage whereof was defended by the Duke of Savoy with an Army of 14000 Foot and 4000 Horse contrary to the Faith of the Treaty he had made with your Majesty the Year before You took Pignerol in sight of the Emperour 's and King of Spain's Forces and of the Person and all the Power of the Duke of Savoy and that which renders that Action the more Glorious in sight of the Marquess de Spinola one of the greatest Captains of his Time By that means you took Susa and overcame at once the three most considerable Powers of Europe the Plague Famine and the Impatiency of the French of which there are not many Examples in History After which you Conquer'd Savoy driving an Army of 10000 Foot and 2000 Horse before you which had a better Advantage to defend it self in that Mountainous Country than 30000 to attack them Soon after which the Combats of Veillane and of Coriane signaliz'd your Arms in Piemont and the taking of Valence Fortify'd by the Duke of Savoy in order to oppose your Designs made the World sensible that nothing could resist the Just Arms of a King as Fortunate as Powerful Cazal was reliev'd not only against the Opinion of most Men but even against the very Thoughts of the Duke de Montmorency who had been employ'd to that end and against the Opinion of Marillac who was substituted in his Place who both publickly declar'd that it was an impossible Enterprize The Relief of the said Place was the more glorious in that a stronger Army than your Majesty's retrench'd at the Head of the Milaneze which furnished them with all sorts of Conveniencies and shelter'd under the Walls of Cazal which had been consign'd in their Hands was constrain'd to quit it and five other Places at the same time which the Spaniards held thereabouts in the extent of Mont-Ferrat Those who know that in the very height of that Design your Majesty was reduc'd to the utmost Extremity by a Fit of Sickness and that tho' your Person was dangerously Ill your Heart was yet in a worse Condition If they consider that the Queen your Mother at the Instigation of some malicious Persons form'd a potent Party which weakning you considerably strengthen'd your Enemies If they also consider that they daily receiv'd Advice that your Majesty's most faithful Servants whom they both did hate and dread would

of publick Convenience thus the Accessary becomes the Principal And whereas the Service of God should preceed all things and be the Rule of Civil Actions it will no longer be in force than while the Temporal Officers of Princes will be pleas'd to allow it I am very sensible that sometimes the Male-Administration of Justice of those who exert the Ecclesiastical Jurisdiction and the Tediousness of the Formalities prescrib'd by the Canons give a specious Pretence to the Incroachments of the King's Officers but it cannot be with Reason since one Inconvenience does not establish another but obliges to correct both which is what I design to shew hereafter I would willingly pass under silence the Pretension which the Parliaments have to render every thing abusive which is Judg'd against their Decrees to which by that means they would give the force of Ordinances if I were not oblig'd to shew that this Abuse is the less supportable in that they endeavour by that Encroachment to equal their Authority to that of their Master and of their King The Detriment the Church receives by such Encroachments is the more insupportable in that it hinders the Prelates absolutely from performing their Office When a Bishop designs to punish an Ecclesiastick he strait removes from under his Jurisdiction by an Appeal if in making his Visitation he makes any Ordinance the effect of it is immediately stopt by reason that tho' in matters of Discipline Appeals are only by way of Devolution yet the Parliaments make them suspensive against all manner of Reason In fine we may affirm with Truth that the Church is fetter'd and that if her Ministers are not blind yet their Hands are tied insomuch that tho' they know the Evil it is not in their Power to redress it That which comforts me in this Extremity is that what is impossible to the Church on this Subject will be very easie to your Majesty on whose bare Will the remedy such Disorders depends The first thing that is to be done in order thereunto is to prohibit those Appeals for the future unless in the Case of a visible attempt upon the Royal Jurisdiction and of an evident Transgression of the Ordinances which only relate to the Temporal Authority of Kings and not to the Spiritual Authority of the Church This Ordinance being suppos'd if in order to have it regularly observ'd your Majesty will be pleas'd to make a Regulation containing Six Heads You will at once put a stop to the Incroachments of the Church and of the Parliaments The First Head of that Regulation must order all Appeals of this kind to be seal'd with the Great Seal for the Parliament of Paris and that in all others which the Distance of your Court obliges to make use of the Privy Seal they may not be seal'd before three ancient Advocates have affirm'd under their Hands that there is cause of Abuse submitting to a Fine in case it be found otherwise The Second must declare that all Appeals made in point of Discipline shall be only by way of Devolution and not of Suspension The Third must order the Abuse complain'd of to be specify'd both in the Appeal and in the Sentence that shall be given upon the same which is the more necessary in that it often comes to pass that tho' there is only an Errour in point of Formality or in some particular Head of the Sentence which contains many when the Parliament declares that there is an Error or Abuse the Sentence is held void in all things tho' it ought only to be so in one of its Circumstances which commonly is not very material The Fourth must oblige the Parliaments to enter the Causes of the said Appeals upon the Rolls before any others and to call and judge them preferrably to all others without referring the same to avoid the Delays which are often desir'd by those who only aiming to elude the Punishment of their Crimes endenyour to tire out their ordinaty Judges from whom they Appeal and because it is not reasonable to deprive the Publick of the Administration of Ecclesiastical Justice by making those who are the principal Officers of it bare Sollicitors before a Tribunal which is inferiour to theirs The Fifth must impose a Necessity on the Parliaments to Fine and to Condemn those to pay the Costs who shall appeal without a Legal Cause without the Power of remitting the same on any account or upon any pretence whatever and to send them back again before the same Judges from whom they have appeal'd without a Cause which is the more necessary because that without this Remedy all Criminals would be at liberty to free themselves of the common Jurisdiction by Appealing without a Cause The best Ordinances and the justest Regulations being often despis'd by those who ought to observe them most Religiously and the Licentiousness of Soveraign Courts often proceeding to that degree as to violate or reform your Orders according to their pleasure the best way to render your Will effectual and to make your self to be obey'd in a point of such Consequence is to add a Sixth Head to the Five foregoing which will be as effectual a Remedy to oblige your Officers to perform their Duty on that subject as that of Appeals is excellent to hinder the Ecclesiastical Judges from being wanting in theirs in the Exercise of their Jurisdiction This Remedy requires nothing but to grant the humble Petition of your Clergy that your Majesty would be pleas'd to allow them to Appeal from you to your self by applying themselves to your Council whenever your Parliaments shall be wanting in the Observation of your Orders and Regulations This is the more reasonable in that whereas in order to suppress the Incroachments of the Church by appealing to your Judges Application is made to a Tribunal of an Order different and inferiour by its Nature and that in having recourse to your Council to put a stop to those of your Parliaments Application is made to an Order of the same kind And undoubtedly even those who envy the Franchises of the Church can find no fault with it since that instead of making it independent of Temporal Jurisdiction it adds a Degree to its subjection Finally it will be the more advantagious to your Majesty in that as it will keep the Power of the Church within its own Bounds it will also restrain that of the Parliaments within the just Extent which is prescrib'd to them by Reason and by your Laws And if besides your Majesty's Commands to your Council to exert the Power they have by your Authority to hinder the Encroachments of all your Subjects and particularly those of your Officers who administer your Justice in this Kingdom you take Care to fill it not with Men whose Pretension and Importunity are the best Titles they can produce to obtain their Ends but with Persons chosen for their Merit from among all your Subjects you will have the Satisfaction to