dishonour of the King and his Crown and discredit of the Law that any person by birth and oath obliged to the obedience of the King and his Laws should presume of his own authority by Force and strong hand to resist them both by violent Intrusion into the Possession of another before the Law hath decided his Tttle therein therefore divers Statutes have been made for the restraint and reformation of these Abuses as among others the Stat. of 5 R. 2. ca. 7. where the King defends any Entry into Lands or Tenements but in case where Entry is given by the Law and then not with strong hand or with a multitude of people but onely in a peaceable manner See more of this in Po â— lt de pace Reg. f. 34. 35 c. Degrading DEgrading See Disgrading Delegates ARE Commissioners appointed by Letters Patents to determine Appeals upon things testamentary or matrimonial in which sentence was given Demaines DEmaines or Demesnes generally speaking are all the parts of any Mannor which are not in the hands of Freeholders though they be held by Copy-holders Lessees for years or for life as well as Tenants at will And the reason why Copyhold is accounted Demesnes is because they who are Tenants to it are adjudged in Law to have no other Estate but at the will of the Lord so that it is still reputed to be in a manner in the Lords hands yet in common speech that is ordinarily called Demesnes which is neither free nor copy And this word Demesne is sometimes used in a more special signification and is opposite to Frank-fee as those Lands which were in the possession of Edward the Confessor are called Ancient demesne and all others are called Franck-fee Kitch fol. 98. and the Tenants which hold any of those Lands are called Tenants in Ancient demesn the other Tenants in Frank-fee And no common person hath any Demesnes in the simple acceptation of the word because there is no Land but depends mediately or immediately of the Crown that is of some Honor or other belonging to the Crown and not granted in fee to any inferiour person and therefore when a man in pleading will signifie his Land to be his own he saith That he is or was seised thereof in his Demesne as of Fee Littleton f. 3. whereby it appears that though his Land be to him and his Heirs for ever yet it is not true Demesne but depending upon a superiour Lord and holding by Service or Rent in lieu of Service or by Service and Rent together Demaines according to the common speech are only understood the Lords chief Mannor-place which he and his Ancestors have time out of mind kept in their own hands with all buildings and houses meadows pastures woods arable lands and such like therewith occupied Demand DEmand is a word of art and if one release to another all Demands this is as Littleton fol. 117. a. saith the best Release to him to whom the Release is made that he can have and shall most enure to his advantage for by it not onely all Demands but also all causes of Demands are released And there are two manner of Demands that is in Deed and in Law In Deed as in every Praecipe there is expresse Demand and therefore in real Actions he is called Demandant in personal Plaintiff In Law as every Entry in Land Distresse for Rent Taking or seisure of Goods and such like acts in the Countrey which may be done without any words or demands in Law As a Release of Suits is more large then a Release of Quarrels or of Actions so a Release of Demands is more large and beneficial than either of them for by it is released all that which by the others is released and more By Release of all Demands all Freeholds and Inheritances executory are released By Release of all Demands to the Dissetsor the right of the Entry in the land and all that is contained therein is released By Release of all Demands all Executions are released and he that releases all Demands excludes himself from all Actions Entries and Seisures Littleton fol. 170. holds That if Tenant in tail enfeoffs his Vncle who enfeoffs another in fee with Warranty if after the Feoffee by his Deed releases to the Vncle all manner of Demands by such Release the Warranty which is a Covenant real and executory is extinct and the reason is because that by Release of Demands all the means and remedies and their causes which any hath to Lands Tenements Goods Chattels c. are extinct and by consequence the right and interest it self unto the thing Yet a Release of all Demands doth not extend to such Writs by which nothing is demanded neither in Deed nor in Law but lie only to relieve the Plaintiff by way of Discharge and not by way of Demand as a Release of all Demands is no Bar in a Writ of Error to reverse an Outlawry and so of such like See 18 Edw. 3. 59. Coke lib. 8. fol. 153 154. Demandant DEmandant is he that sues or complains in an Action real for Title of land and he is called Plaintiff in an Assise and in an Action personal for Debt Trespass Deceit Detinue and such like Demurrage IS called the time when a Shi â— lies idle in a Port or Harbour or on the Sea in a Calm Demurrer DEmurrer is when any Action is brought and the Defendant pleads a Plea to which the Plaintiff says that he will not answer for that it is not a sufficient Plea in the Law and the Defendant avers the contrary that it is a sufficient Plea and thereupon both parties submit the Cause to the Iudgement of the Court which is called a Demurrer for that they go not forward in pleading but rest upon Iudgement in that point and is called in Latine Records Moratur in Lege For in every Action the difference consists either in Deed or in Law If in Fact it is tried by the Iury if in Law then the matter is either plain or difficult and rare if it be plain then Iudgment is presently given but when it is hard and doubtfull then is stay made and time taken either to consider farther thereupon by the Iudges to agree if they can or otherwise for all the Iustices to meet together in the Exchequer-Chamber and upon hearing of that which the Serjeants shall say unto both parts to advise and determine what is Law and that which is there concluded on by them shall stand firm without further remedy There is also a Demurrer to Evidence given to a Iury upon Tryal of an Issue Plo. Com. 2. 3 Rast Entr. 607. Half bloud HAlf bloud is when a man marries a wife and hath issue by her a son or daughter and the wife dies and then he takes another woman and hath by her also a son or daughter Now these two sons are after a sort Brothers or as they are termed Half-brothers or Brothers of the half
Prebend for that the Temporalties of the Bishoprick were in his hands by the death of W. late Bishop c. The Defendant saith that it was not void the Temporalties being in the Kings hand by the death of W. This is a Negative pregnant for it may be in the Kings hands otherwise then by the death of W. and it suffices the King if it be in his hands by any means c. So is it where an Information was brought in the Exchequer against J. S. for that he bought Wool of J. N. between Shearing-time and the Assūmption such a Year The Defendant saith he did not buy any of J. N. as it is alledged c. This is called a Negative pregnant for if he bought it of any other yet he is culpable for the buying Neif or Nief NIef is a Woman that is bound or a Villain Woman but if she marry a Freeman she is thereby made free because she and her Husband are but one person in Law and she ought to be of the same nature and condition in Law to all intents as her Husband is but her Husband is free to all intents without any condition in Law or otherwise and so by consequence the Wife ought to be and is free according to the nature of her free Husband And then if she were once free and clearly discharged of Bondage to all intents she cannot be Nief after without special act done by her as Divorce or Confession in Court of Record and that is in savor of Liberty And therefore a Free woman shall not be Bound by taking of a Villain to her Husband but their Issue shall be Villains as their Father was which is contrary to the Civil Law for there it is said The Birth follows the Belly Bondage or Villainage had beginning amongst the Hebrews and its original of Chanaan the son of Cham who because he had mocked his father Noe to scorn lying dissolutely when he was drunk was punished in his son Chanaan with penalty of Bondage Ne. Injuste vexes NE injuste vexes Look in the Title Monstraverunt Next Friend NExt Friend See Prochein Amy. Nihil dicit NIhil dicit is when an Action is brought against a Man and the Defendant appears the Plaintiff declares and the Defendant will not answer or pleads to the Action and doth not maintain his Plea but makes Default now upon this Default he shall be condemned because he Saith nothing Nisi prius NIsi prius is a Writ judicial and lies where an Enquest is empanelled and returned before the Iustices of the Bench then the Plaintiff or Defendant may have this Writ directed to the Sheriff commanding him to cause the Enquest to come before the Iustices in the same County at their coming and that for the ease of the Enquest Nomination NOmination is where one may in right of his Mannor or otherwise nominate and appoint a worthy Clerk or man to a Parsonage Vicarage or such like Spiritual promotion 〈◊〉 note that this Nomination ought to be another then the Ordinary which other shall present him to the Ordinary Non-ability NOn-ability is where an Action is brought against one and the Defendant says that the Plaintiff is disable to sue an Action and demands Iudgment if he shall be answered There are six causes of Non-ability in the Plaintiff as if he be an Outlaw or an Alien born but that Disability is in Actions real and mixt only and not in Actions personal except he be an alien enemy or condemned in Praemunire or professed into an Abby Priory or Friety or Excommunicate or a Villain aud sues his Lord. But this last is no Plea for another that is not Lord to the Villain See more hereof Littl. l. 2. c. 11. Non-age NOn-age is all that time of a mans age under 21 years in some cases and 14 in others as Marriage See Broke Tit. Age. Non-claim NOn-claim is the Omission or neglect of him that ought to challenge his Right within a time limitted by which neglect he is either barred of his Right as at this day upon Non claim within five years after a Fine and right to him accrued by the Statute of 4 H. 7. c. 24. or of his Entry by a discent for want of Claim within five years after the Disseisin made by the Statute of 32 H 8. cap. 33. Non omittas propter libertatem NOn omittas propter libertatem is a Writ that lies where the Sheriff returns upon a Writ to him directed that he hath sent to the Bailiff of such a Franchise which hath Return of Writs and he hath not served the Writ then the Plaintiff shall have this Writ directed to the Sheriff that he himself enter into the Franchise and execute the Kings Writ Also the Sheriff shall warn the Bayliff that he be before the Iustices at the day contained in the Writ and if he come not and excuse himself then all the Writs judicial which shall pass out of the Kings Court during the same Plea shall be Writs De non omittas c. and the Sheriff shall make execution of them depending that Plea Non-suit NOn-suit is the Renouncing of a Suit by the Plaintiff or Defendant when the matter is in probability to proceed after the Tenant or Defendant hath appeared c. And see the Statute of 2 H. 4. c. 7. in what cases a man cannot be Non-suit and 23 H 8. cap. 15. and 8 Eliz. c. 2. and 4 Jac. c. 3. where he that is Non-suit shall pay Costs to the Defendant Non sum informatus NOn sum informatus is a formal Answer made by an Attorny who is commanded by the Court to say something in Defence of his Client by which he is deemed to leave his Client undefended and so Iudgement passes for the other party Novel Assignment NOvel assignment is where a man brings Trespass for breaking his Close And the Defendant justifies in a place where no Trespass was done then the Plaintiff assigns the Close where it was to which the Defendant may plead Not guilty or justifie by Title And there are other Replications in Battery and other Trespasses as if the Defendant in Battery justifies by a Writ The Plaintiff replies that after the Retorn of it the Plaintiff in that Suit discharged the Plaintiff out of Prison and that the Defendant after that Imprisoned him now the Defendant must answer to that Replication Bare or Naked Contract BAre Contract or Naked Promise is where a Man bargains or sells Lands or Goods or promises to give one Money or a Horse or to build a House or do such a thing at such a day and there is no recompence appointed to him for the doing thereof as if one say to another I sell or give to you all my Lands or Goods and there is nothing appointed assigned or agreed upon what the other shall give or pay for it so that there is not one thing for another this is a Naked Contract and void in
Law is if the Tenant holds of his Mesne by like Service as the Mesne holds over of the Lord and the Tenant doth or pays his Services to the Mesne but the Mesne doth not his Services to the chief Lord wherefore he distrains the Beasts of the Tenant In this case the Mesne for the equalness of the Services ought to acquit the Tenant of the Service due unto the Lord. Also there is Acquital in Law acquital in fact Acquital in Law is when two are appealed or indicted of Felony the one as Principal the other as Accessory the Principal being discharged the Accessory by consequence is also acquitted And in this case as the Accessory is acquitted by the Law so is the Principal in Fact Stamf. pl. cor fol. 168. Acquittance ACquittance is a Discharge in Writting of a Sum of money other Duty which ought to be paid or done As if one be bound to pay money upon Obligation or Rent reserved upon a Lease or such like and the party to whom the money or duty should be paid or done upon the Receipt thereof or upon other agreement between them had makes a writing or Bill of his hand in discharge thereof witnessing that he is paid or otherwise contented and therefore doth acquit and discharge him of the same Which Acquittance is such a Discharge and Bar in the Law that he cannot demand and recover the sum or duty again if he produce the Acquittance This word differs from that which in the Civil Law is called Acceptation because that may be by word without writting and is nothing but a feigned Payment and discharge though no payment be had Nor can it be said to be Apocha which is a witnessing the payment or delivery of money whch disscharges not unless the money be paid Acre ACre is a certain parcel of Land that contains in length forty Perches and in breadth four Perches or of this quantity be the length more or less And if a man will erect a new Cottage he ought to lay four Acres of Land unto it according to this measure 31 Eliz. cap. 7. And with this measure agrees Master Crompton in his Jurisdiction of Courts fol. 222. Yet he saith that according to divers customs of several Countries the Perch differs being in some places and most usually but sixteen foot and an half But in the County of Stafford the Perch is twenty four foot as was heretofore adjudged in the Exchequer In the Stat. made an 24 H. 8. c. 14 for the sowing of Flax 166 Perches make au Acre The Ordinance of Measuring of land made an 34 E. 1. St. 1. agrees with this account Action ACtion is the form of a Suit given by the Law to recover a thing as an Action of Debt and such like or as it is Co. 8. f. 151 a. An Action is a right of prosecuting to judgment that which is due to any one See the Lexicon of the Law for Action Action of a Writ ACtion of a Writ is a phrase of speech used when one pleads some matter by which he shews that the Plaintiff had no cause to have the writ which he brought and yet it may be that he may have another writ or Action for the same matter Such a Plea is called a Plea to the Action of the Writ whereas if by the Plea it should appear that the Plaintiff hath no cause to have an Action for the thing demanded then it shall be called a Plea to the Action Action upon the Case ACtion upon the Case is a writ brought against one for an offence done without force as for not performing promise made by the Defendant to the Plaintiff or for speaking of words by which the Plaintiff is defamed or for other misdemaenour or deceit where the whole case shall be contained in the Writ Trover Nusance Slander of the person Trade Title Escape on mesne Process For negligent keeping Fire for inartificial performing work for turning an ancient Water-course for a Commoner against one who digs the soil of his Common or puts his Cattel into it without right or incloses part of the Cemmon Action mixt ACtion mixt is a Suit given by the Law to recover the thing demanded and damages for the wrong done as in Ass of Novel dis which Writ if the Disseisor make a Feoffm to another the Diseissce shall have against the Disseissor and the Feoffee or other Tertenant and thereby shall recover his Seissn of the land and his damages for the mean profits and for the wrong done him And so is an Action of Waste Quare impedit But an Action of Detinue is not called an Action mixt although by it the thing withheld is demanded and shall be recovered if it may be found and damages for the withholding and if it cannot be found then damages for the thing and the detaining But that is called only an Action personal because it should be brought only for Goods and Chattels or Charters Action upon the Statute ACtion upon the Statute is a Writ founded upon any Statute whereby an Action is given to one in any case where no action was before As where one commits perjury to the prejudice of another who is indamaged shall have a Writ upon the Statute and his case And the difference between an Action upon the Statute and Action popular is That where the Statute gives the Suit or Action to the party grieved or otherwise to one person certain that is called Action upon the Statute But where by the Statute Authority is given to every one that will to sue that is termed Action popular Actions personal ACtions personal are such Actions whereby a man claims debt or other Goods and Chattels or damage for them or damages for wrong done to his person and it is properly that which in the Civil Law is called Actio in personam which is brought against him who is bound by Covenant or Default to give or grant any thing Action Popular ACtion popular is an Action given upon the breach of some penal Statute which Action every man that will may sue for himself and the King by information or otherwise as the Statute allows and the case requires Aud of these Actions there are an infinite number but one for example as when any of the Iury that are impannelled and sworn to pass between party and party indifferently do take any thing of the one side or other or of both parties to say their Verdicts on that side then any man that will within the year following the offence may sue a writ called Decies tantum against him or them that so did take to give his Verdict And because this Action is not given to one especially but generally to any of the Kings people that will sue it is called an Action popular But in this case when one hath begun to pursue an Action no other may sue it and in this as it seems it varies from an Action popular by the Civil
Lessee pays the Rent to the Lessor and he receives it and puts it in his purse and afterwards upon review of it at the same time he finds that he hath received some counterfeit pieces aud thereupon refuses to take away the Money but re-enters for the Condition broken there his Entry is not lawful for when he hath accepted the Money this was at his peril and after this allowance he shall not take exception to any of it Collateral COllateral is that which comes in or adheres to the side of any thing as Collateral Assurance is that which is made over and beside the Deed it self For example if a man covenants with another and enters Bond for the performance the Bond is called Collateral Assurance because it is external and without the nature and essence of the Covenant And Crompton fol. 185. saith that to be subject to feeding the Kings Deer is collateral to the soil within the Forest In like manner we may say that the liberty to pitch Sheds or Standing for a Fair in the soil of another man is collateral to the land The private Woods of a common person within the Forest cannot be cut down without the Kings license for it is a Prerogative collateral to the soil Man part 1. pag. 66. Collateral Warranty See tit Warrantie Collation COllation is properly the bestowing of a Benefice by the Bishop that hath it in his own Gift or Patronage and differs from Institution in this for that Institution into a Benefice is performed by the Bishop at the motion and Presentation of another who is Patron of the same Church or hath the Patrons right for that time Yet Collation is used for Presentation in 25 E. 3. Stat. 6. and there is a Writ in the Regist 31. b. called De Collatione facta uni post mortem alterius c. directed by the Iustices of the Common Pleas commanding them to direct their Writ to the Bishop for the admitting a Clerk in the place of another presented by the King who during the Suit between the King and the Bishops Clerk deceased for judgment once passed for the Kings Clerk and he dying before he be admitted the King may give his Presentation to another Collusion COllusion is where an action is brought against another by his own agreement if the Plaintiff recover then such Recovery is called by Collusion And in some cases the Collusion shall be enquired of as in Quare impedit and Assise and such like which any Corporation or Body politick brings against another to the intent to have the Land or Advowson whereof the Writ is brought in Mortmain But in Avowry nor in any Action personal the Collusion shall not be inquired See the Stat. of Westm 2. c. 32. which gives the Quale jus and enquiry in such cases Colour COlour is feigned matter which the Defendant or Tenant uses in his barre when an Action of Trespass or an Assise is brought against him in which he gives the Demandant or Plaintiff a Shew at first sight that he hath good cause of Action where in truth it is no just cause but only a Colour and Face of a cause and it is used to the intent that the determination of the Action should be by the Iudges and not by an ignorant Iury of twelve men And therefore a Colour ought to be a matter in Law doubtfull to the common people As for example A. brings and Assise of land against B. and B. saith he himself did let the same land to one C. for term of life and afterward did grant the Reversion to A. the Demandant and after C. the Tenant for term of life died after whose decease A. the Demandant claiming the Reversion by force of the Grant whereto C. the Tenant for life did never atturn entred upon whom B. entred against whom A. for that Entry brings this Assise c. This is a good Colour because the common people think the land will pass by the Grant without Atturnment where indeed it will not pass c. Also in an Action of Trespass Colour must be given of which there are an infinite number one forexample In an Action of Trespass for taking away the Plaintiffs Beasts the Defendant saith that before the Plaintiff had any thing in them he himself was possessed of them as of his proper goods and delivered them to A. B. to deliver them to him again when c. and A. B. gave them unto the Plaintiff and the Plaintiff supposing the property to be in A. B. at the time of the gift took them and and the Defendant took them from the Plaintiff whereupon the Plaintiff brings an Action that is a good Colour and a good Plea See more hereof in Doctor and Student l. 2. c. 13. Colour is for this cause viz. where the Defendant justifies by title in trespass or Assize if he do not give the Plaintiff Colour his plea amounteth only to not guilty for if the Defendant hath title he is not guilty 1 Co. 79. 108. Colour of Office COlour of Office is always taken in the worst part and signifies an act evilly done by the countenance of an Office and it bears a dissembling face of the right of the Office whereas the Office is but a vail to the falshood and the thing is grounded upon vice and the Office is as a shadow to it But by reason of the Office and by virtute of the Office are taken always in the best part and where the Office is the just cause of the thing and the thing is pursuing the Office Plo. in Dive Man case sol 64. a. Combat COmbat in our ancient Law was a formal Trial of a doubtful Cause or quarrel by the Sword or Bastons of two Champions See Glanvile l. 14. c. 1. Britton c. 22. and Dyer fol. 301. num 41. Commandment COmmandment is taken in divers significations sometimes for the Commandment of the King when by his mere motion and from his own mouth he casts any man into prison Stamf. Plac. Coron fol. 72. or of the Iustices And this Commandment of the Iustices is either absolute or ordinary Absolute as when upon their own authority or wisdom and discretion they commit any man to prison for a punishment Ordinary is when they commit one rather to be safely kept then for punishmenr and a man committed by such ordinary Commandment is bailable Placit Cor. fol. 73. Commandment is again used for the offence of him that wills another man to transgresse the Law or to do any such thing as is contrary to the Law as Murther Theft or such like Bract. l. 3. tract 2. c. 19. The Civilians call this Commandment Angelus de maleficiis Commendrie COmmandrie was the name of a Manor or chief Messuage with which Lands or Tenements were used belonging to the late Priory of S. John of Jerusalem untill they were given to King Henry the eighth by Statute made in the 32 year of his reign And he who
cap. 3. and by the Canonists is defined to be Administration conjoyned with power and Jurisdiction Diminution IS when the Plaintiff or Defendant in a Writ of Error alledges to the Court that part of the Record remains in the Inferiour Court not certifyed and prays that it be certifyed by Certiorari Co. Ent. 232. 242. 1 Cr. John versus Thomas 2 Cro. 479. 131. Rolls Abridg. 765. 20. Diocesse Diocesse is the Circuit of the Iurisdiction of every Bishop for this Realm hath two kinds of Divisions the one in Shires or Counties in respect of the Temporal politie the other in Diocesses in respect of the Ecclesiastical Iurisdiction Disability DIsabilitie is when a man by any act or thing by himself or his ancestor done or committed or for or by any other cause is disabled or made incapable to do inherit or take benefit or advantage of a thing which otherwise he might have had or done There are many things by which a man may be disabled and those are ordinarily either by the act of the party or his Ancestor or by the act of the Law or of God Disability by the Act of the Ancestor as if a man be attainted of Treason or Felony by this Attainder his blood is corrupt and thereby himself and his children disabled to inherit Disability by the Act of the party himself as if a man makes a Feoffment to another man that then is sole upon condition that he shall infeoff a third man before M. and before M. or the Feoffment made the Feoffee takes a wife he hath by that disabled himself to perform the Condition according to the trust in him reposed and therefore the Feoffor may enter and out him as it is Littl. sect 357. So if the Feoffee charges the Land or enters into a Statute-Staple or Statute-Merchant by these acts he hath disabled himself and therefore the Feoffor may enter as in the former case So if I bind my self that upon Surrender of a Lease I will grant a new Estate to the Lessee and afterwards I grant over my Reversion in this case though I afterwards repurchase and get the whole Reversion to me again yet I have forfeited my Obligation because I was once disabled to perform it Co. l. 5 f. 21. Also if a man be excommunicated he cannot during that time sue any Action but shall be thereby disabled Coke l. 8. f. 69. and so in many other cases Disability by act of Law is most properly when a man by the sole act of the Law without any former thing by him done is disabled and so is Alien born And therefore if a man born out of the ligeance of our Lord the King will sue any Action the Tenant or Defendant may say that he was born in such a Country forth of the Kings liegeance and demand judgment if he shall be answered for the Law is our Birth-right to which an Alien is collateral and a stranger and therefore disabled to take any benefit thereby By the act of God as not to be of whole memory is a Disability in some cases and in others not for which it seems this difference may be taken that in all cases where a man of no whole memory gives or passes any thing or Estate out of him this after his death may be disanulled and avoided but where a man Non sanae memoriae doth a thing whereby nothing passes out of him there he may in some special cases be bound as if he be Lessee for years rendring Rent and the Lessor grants the Reversion there the Lessee non sanae memoriae cannot make Attornment for he that is amens or without mind cannot make Attornment which is Agreement and yet in such case if the Lessor ejects him and makes a Feoffment and afterwards the Lessee non sanae memoriae re-enters this act of Re-entry doth subject him to the Distress and Action of Waste And it is a Maxim in Law That a man of full age shall never be received to disable his own person And this incapacity to disable himself as to some persons is personal and extends only to the party himself and as to others it is not personal but shall bind them also There are four manner of Privities scil Privies in Bloud as Heir Privies in Representation as Executors or Administrators Privies in Estate as Donee in tail the Reversion or Remainder in fee c. and Privies in Tenure as the Lord and Tenant and two of these may disable the person of the dead which was non sanae memoriae or c. and shall avoid his Grants or Feoffments and two of them not For Privies in Bloud may shew the Disability of the Ancestor and Privies in Representation the Infirmity of their Testator or Intestate but neither Privy in Estate nor Privy in Tenure can so do Co. l. 4. f. 123 124. See Lit. sect 405. Co. l. 8. fol. 43. Disalt DIsalt signifies as much as to Disable Litleton cap. Discontinuance Disceit DIsceit is a Writ sometime Original and sometime Iudicial When it is Original it lies where any Disceit is done to a man by another by not performance of a Bargain or Promise then he that is in such manner deceived shall have this Writ When it is Judicial it lies where a Scire facias is sued out of any Record against a man and the Sheriff returns that he is warned where he was not or where a Praecipe quod reddat of a Plea or Lands or a Quare Impedit of the Presenting to a Church is sued against one and the Sheriff returns that the Defendant is summoned where he was not by which Disceit and false Return the Demandant or Plaintiff recovers then the party grieved shall have this Writ against him that recovered and against the Summoners and against the Sheriff and the Writ shall be directed to the Coroners of the same County if he continue Sheriff that made the Return So if a man makes an Attorney in an Action real brought against him and afterwards it is agreed by Disceit between the Demandant and the said Attorney that the said Attorney shall make Default who doth so accordingly whereby the Tenant loses his Land then the same Tenant that loses the Land may have a Writ of Disceit against the Attorney Also if a man brings an action of Trespasse against two others and the Plaintiff and an Attorney by Disceit cause two Strangers not parties to the Writ to come into Court and say that they are the same two Defendants named in the Writ and that they appoint the same man to be their Attorney in that Suit whereupon the same Attorney as Attorney to the Defendants named in the Writ pleads to the Issue and after suffers the Enquest to pass by his Default by which means the Plaintiff recovers In this case those that are indeed Defendants may have a Writ of Desceit against the same Attorney and shall recover their dammages Fitzh Nat. Brev. 96. And as the Law
the Province against any inferiour Ordinary for Delaying Iustice in any Cause Ecclesiastical as to give sentence or to institute a Clerk presented or such like the effect of which is That the Archbishop taking knowledge of such Delay directs his Letters under his authentical Seal to all and singular Clerks of his Province thereby commanding and giving authority to them and every of them to admonish the said Ordinary within nine days to do the Iustice required or otherwise to cite him to appear before him or his Official at a day in the said Letters prefixed and there to alledge the cause of his Delay and lastly to intimate to the said Ordinary that if he performs not the thing injoyned nor appears at the day assigned he himself without other Delay will proceed to perform the Iustice required And it seems to be called a Double Quarel because it is most commonly made against the Iudge and him at whose request Iustice is delayed Dower DOwer by the Law of the Realm is a Portion which a Widow hath of the Lands of her husband which by the Common Law is the third part but by her husbands assignment by his fathers assent at the Church-door she may have so much of his fathers Land as is so assigned and so of the husbands assignment of part of his own Land And Dower by the Custome of some places is to have half the husbands Land Dower is also a Writ that lies where a man is sole seised during the Coverture between him and his wife of Lands or Tenements in Fee-simple or Fee-tail where by possibility the issue between them may inherit if such a man die his wife shall recover the third part of all the Lands whereof the husband was sole seised any time during the Coverture by a Writ of Dower unde nihil habet though he died not seised and though he made Alienation thereof in his life But if a man before the Statute of Vses 27 H. 8. had Lands in which another man or other men were seised to his use always during the Coverture and he to whose use they were seised died before the said Statute his wife should not be endowed And if before the said Statute two men were seised of Lands to the use of one of them and he to whose use c. died before the said Statute his wife should not be endowed Also if a woman bring a Writ of Dower she should recover Dammages for the profit run after the death of her husband if he died seised thereof but if any Alienation or Estate were made during the Coverture so that the husband died not seised then though she should recover the Land yet no Dammages Also there is another Writ of Dower called a Writ of Right of Dower which lies where a woman hath recovered part of her Dower in one Town and the other part she is to recover But in divers cases a woman shall not have Dower as if the husband commit Treason for which he is attainted then his wife shall have no Dower And if she elope from her husband with another man in Adultery and be not reconciled to him of her own will without coercion of the Church she shall not be endowed See Lit. l. 1. cap. 4. And note where in the Civil Law Dower is that which the husband hath with his wife in Marriage to maintain the married estate by the Laws of this Realm the word Dower signifies such Portion as the wife after her husbands death shall have to live on Dozeine DOzeine See Deciners Drie Exchange DRie Exchange Anno 3 H. 7. cap. 5. Seems to be a subtile term invented to disguise Vsury in which something is pretended to pass on both sides whereas in truth nothing passes on the one side Drift of the Forest DRift of the Forrest is nothing else but an exact view or Examination taken once twice or oftner in a year as occasion shall require what Beasts there are in the Forrest to the end that the Common in the Forrest be not over-charged that the Beasts of Foreiners that have no Common there be not permitted and that Beasts not commonable may be put out See for this the Statute of 32 H. 8. cap. 35. and Manwoods Forrest Laws cap. 15. Right RIght is where one hath a thing that was taken from another wrongfully as by Disseisin Discontinuance or such like the Challenge or Claim of him that ought to have it is called Right If a woman release all her Right to him in Reversion her Dower is extinct for when the Right which is the foundation and principal is released by Consequence the Action which is but the means to recover is also released By Release of all Title to the Land all his Right is extinct So when a man hath Title either by Condition or by Alienation in Mortmain the Release of all his Right shall extinguish this Title Cok. lib. 8. fol. 151 153. Right of Entry RIght of Entrie is when one seised of Land in fee is thereof disseised now the Disseisee hath Right to enter into the Land and may so do when he will or else may have a Writ of Right against the Disseisor Duces tecum DUces tecum is a Writ out of the Chancery commanding a man to appear there and to bring with him some piece of Evidence or other thing that the Court would have a sight of Dum fuit infra Aetatem DUM fuit infra aetatem is a Writ that lies where an Infant aliens his Land in Fee-simple or for term of life when he comes to his full age he shall have this Writ or he may enter if he will but he must be of full age the day of his Writ brought Also if an Infant alien his Land and die his issue at his full age shall have this Writ or he may enter but the issue shall not have this Writ within his age Dum non fuit compos mentis DUM non fuit compos mentis is a Writ that lies when a man that is out of his wit viz. Mad or Lunatick aliens his Land in Fee-simple and dies then his Heir after his decease shall have this Writ but he himself shall not have it for that a man shall not be received to disable himself Also this Writ may be made in the Per Cui and Post Duplicat DUplicat is a Second Letters Patents granted by the Lord Chancellour in case where he hath granted the same before and therefore they are held void by Crompton in his Jur. of Courts fol. 215. Duresse DUresse is where one is kept in Prison or restrained from his Liberty contrary to the order of Law or threatned to be killed maimed or greatly beaten and if such person so in Prison or in fear of such Threatnings make any Specialty or Obligation by reason of such Imprisonment such a Deed is void in Law and in an Action brought upon such a Specialty he may say it was made by Duresse of Imprisonment But if a man be arrested upon an Action at the Suit of another though the cause of
And the Escheator is an Officer of Record and may ordain an under-Escheator as the Sheriff may an under-Sheriff yet the Escheator cannot return any Office by vertue of his Office but he shall be punished See F. N. B. 100. Office Escaetriae is the Escheatorship Reg. orig fol. 259. Exchequer EXchequer Scaccarium comes of the French word Eschequier id est Abacus which in one signification is taken for a Counting-Table or for the art or skill of Counting And from thence as some think the place or Court of the Receits and Accounts of the Revenues of the Crown is called the Exchequer Others have otherwise derived the name But the Exchequer is defined by Crompton in his Jurisd of Courts fol. 105. to be a Court of Record wherein all Causes touching the Revenues of the Crown are handled Escrow AN Escrow is a Deed delivered to a third person to be the Deed of the party upon a future condition And is called in Latine Schedula Rast Ent. 181. Escuage EScuage in Latine Scutagium that is Service of the Shield and he that held by Escuage held by Knight-service and to that did belong Ward Marriage and Relief c. But see the Stat. 12 Car. 2. c. 24. for taking away the Court of Wards and Liveries and turning all Tenures into free and common Soccage Escuage was a certain Sum of mony levied by the Lord of his Tenant after the quantity of his Tenure when Escuage ran through all England and was Ordained by all the Council of England how much every Tenant should give his Lord and that was properly to maintain the wars against Scotland or Wales and not against other Lands for that those Lands did of right belong to the Realm of England See Lit. lib. 2. cap. 3. Eslisors ARe persons nominated by a Court of Law to whom a Venire facias is directed by challenge to the Sheriff and Coroners who return the Writ in their own names with a panel of the Iurors names 15 E. 4. 24. pl. 4. Esnecy ESnecy is a Priviledge given the eldest Coparcener to choose first after the Inheritance is divided Flet. lib. 5. cap. 10. Esplees ESplees is the Profit or Commodity that is to be taken of a thing As of a Common the taking of the Grass by the mouths of the Beasts that common there of an Advowson the taking of gross Tithes by the Parson of Wood the â— elling of Wood of an Orchard the selling of Apples and other Fruit growing there of a Mill the taking of Toll are the Esplees and of such like And note that in a Writ of Right of Land Advowson or such like the Demandant ought to alledge in his Count that he or his Ancestors took the Esplees of the thing in demand otherwise the Pleading is not good Essendi quietum de Tolonio ESendi quietum de Tolonio is a Writ to be quit of Toll and lies in case where the Citizens or Burgesses of any City or Borough have been acquitted of Toll by the Grant of the Kings Progenitors throughout the whole Realm or by Prescription then if any man of the said Cities or Boroughs come with his Merchandises to any Town Fair or Market and there put them to sale or buy any Merchandises if the Officers of the said Town will demand any Toll of him against the Kings Charter or against the Vsage and Custom he may sue and have such a writ Fitz. N. B. fol. 226. Regist original fol. 258. Essoine Essoine Where an Action is brought and the Plaintiff or Defendant may not well appear at the day in Court for one of the five causes under specified he shall be Essomed to save his default There are five manner of Essoins viz. Essoine De ouster le mere by which the Defendant shall have a day by forty days The second is De terra sancta and upon this the Defendant shall have a day by a year and a day and these two shall be laid in the beginning of the Plea The third Essoin is De male vener and that shall be adjourned to a common day as the Action requires and this is called the Common Essoine and when and how this Essoine shall be see the Statutes and the Abridgment of Statutes where it is well declared The fourth is De malo lecti and that is only in a Writ of Right and thereupon there shall a Writ go out of the Chancery directed to the Sheriff that he shall send four Knights to see the tenant and if he be sick to give a day after a year and a day The fifth Essoine is De service del Roy and it lies in all Actions except i â— Assise De Novel Disseisin Writ of Dower Darreine presentment and in Appeal of Murther but in this Essoine it behoves at the day to shew his warrant or else it shall turn to a Default if it be in a Plea real or else he shall lose xx s. for the journey or more by the discretion of the Iustice if it be in a Plea personal as it appears by the Statute of Gloucest cap. 8. Essoino de malo lecti ESsoino de malo lecti is a writ directed to the Sheriff to send four lawful Knights to view one that hath essoined himself De malo lecti Reg. Orig. fol. 8. b. Establishment de Dower EStablishment de Dower seems to be the Assurance of Dower made by the husband or his friends before or at the time of the Marriage And Assignment of Dower is the Setting it out by the Heir afterward according to the Establishment Brit. cap. 102 103. Estandard EStandard or Standard signifies an Ensign in war but is also used for the principal or Standing Measure of the King to the proportion whereof all the Measures through the Land are and ought to be framed by the Clerk of the Market Aulneger or other Officer according to their Function For it was established by Magna Charta ann 9 H. 3. c. 25. that there should be but one scantling of Weights and Measures through all the Realm which is since confirmed by An. 14 Ed. 3. cap. 12. and many other Statutes as also that all should be â— itted to the Standard sealed with the Kings Seal And there is good reason that it should be called a Standard because it stands constant and immoveable and hath all other Measures coming towards it for their conformity as Souldiers in the Field have their Standard or Colours for their direction in their March or Skirmish Of these Standards and Measures read Britton cap. 30. See the Statute 17 Car. 1. cap. 19. Estate EState is that Title or Interest that a man hath in Lands and Tenements as Estate simple otherwise called Fee-simple and Estate conditional or upon Condition which is either upon Condition in Deed or upon Condition in Law See Littleton lib. 3. cap. 5. Estoppel EStoppel is when one is concluded and forbidden in Law to speak against his own act or deed yea though it be
LES TERMES DE LA LEY OR Certain difficult and obscure Words and Terms of the Common Laws and Statutes of this Realm now in use expounded and explained Now Corrected and Enlarged With very great Additions throughout the whole Book never Printed in any other Impression Hor. Multa renascentur quae jam cecidere cadentque Quae nunc sunt in honore vocabula si volet usus LONDON Printed by W. Rawlins S. Roycroft and M. Flesher Assigns of Richard and Edward Atkins Esquires For G. Walbanke S. Heyrick J. Place J. Poole and R. Sare 1685. To the READER I Need not strive much to prove the necessity of this Book if you consider that the most accomplished Pleader that ever charm'd his Author with Eloquence and Reason began with it much less shall I have difficulty to shew its profitableness to any who looks about and sees how many fair Estates are every day gained by the Professors of this Noble Science to which this little Book must open the door and let them in But least of all need I suspect that whoever is convinced of these two Points its Necessity and Profitableness will fail to peruse and esteem it Though no name of any Authour appears to it yet my Lord Cook in his preface to his Tenth Report ascribes it to William Rastal that reverend Judge who was eminently knowing both in the Common and Statute Law of this Land as appears by the many Leraned Expositions and Excellent Cases which every where occur in it And we may probably guess it to be written by him originally in French only having some cause to suspect the Translation to be done by a less skilful Hand For though by the many Impressions of it and carelesness of Printers it has suffered much as other Books of like nature daily do yet some Objection lay against the Translator himself as to omit others Chapter is defined to be Locum in quo fiunt communes tractatus Collegiatorum which was Englished thus odly A Place wherein common Tracts of men Collegiate are made And for Errors of the Press they were very numerous and strangely unhappy as disseised for die seized Common Law for Canon Law deep for deer necessary for accessary tiel for viel rather for either owner for power c. In devastaverunt sans compulsion was Englished by compulsion In the word Gild two whole Lines were omitted in the English and the French imperfect so likewise in Garranty and other words There was also a mistake in Geography in the word Pape where Rome was said to be 1500 miles from hence full 500 too much And still as Impressions were iterated Errat's increased Besides the very many Faults which were thus crept into this Book it was so extreamly misalphabeted that some words could not be found without much difficulty I had almost said not at all for if the Reader finds not the word he seeks in its true place he commonly lays by the Book with despair To remedy these encreasing Evils I was willing to bestow my endeavour First by adding above an hundred Words with Explications in their proper places and making references to others where needful Secondly by Correcting the whole Work in what I found amiss and retrenching some antiquated and tautological Expressions as they occurred Thirdly by adding to some old words such late Statutes as alter or concern the Law established by them And lastly by digesting the whole into an exact Alphabet and taking care to prevent Errors of the Press That I intended well I can give you but my word how I have performed I make my Reader Judge Inner Temple T. B. TERMS OF THE LAW EXPOUNDED Abate ABate seems to come from the French Abbatre is to destroy or defeat utterly and has several significations As to Abate a Castle or Fortlet Old Natura brev fo 45. which in Westem 1. cap. 17. is interpreted to beat down And to abate a Writ is to defeat or overthrow it by some Error or Exception Britton cap. 48. And he that steps in between the former possessor and his Heir is said to abate in the Lands See Abatement Abatement of a Writ or Plaint ABatement of a Writ or Plaint is when an Action is brought by Writ or Plaint wherein is want of sufficient and good matter or else the matter alledged is not certainly set down or if the Plaintiff or Defendant or Place are misnamed or if there appear variance between the Writ and the Specialty or Record or that the Writ or the Declaration be uncertain or for Death of the Plaintiff or Defendant and for divers other like causes then upon those defaults the Defendant may pray that the Writ or Plaint may abate that is to say that the Plaintiffs Suit against him may cease for that time and that he shall begin again his Suit and bring a new Writ or Plaint if he be so disposed But if the Defendant in any Action plead a matter in Bar to annul the Action for ever he shall not come afterwards to plead in Abatement of the writ but if after it appear in the Record that there is some matter apparent for which the Writ ought to be abated then the Defendant or any person as a friend to the Court may well plead and shew it in Arrest of Iudgement See the titles of Writ Misnosmer and Variance in the Abridgements and the Book called The Digests of Writs in which this matter especially is very well handled There are also other matters Which abate and stay Actions and Writs that is to say Variance between the Writ and the Count. If the Plaintiff be an alien Enemy For want of naming the Defendant of what Town Trade or degree he is where the Suit is by Writ That a Woman Plaintiff is married before or hanging the Suit That the Plaintiff hath another Action depending for the same cause That the Writ is dated before the Action accrued For that the Defendant ought to be sued in another Court of which he is an Attorney or Officer For that the Land is ancient demesne For that the matter in Suit was done upon the high Sea in which case the Admiral hath Iurisdiction These csuses underneath do not abate the Writ or Action but suspend the prosecution for a time If the Plaintiff in Action personal be out-law'd or convicted of Recusancy or Excommunicated Vpon a Scire facias against ter ' tenants for Debt plea that there are other Lands liable to the same Debt which are not returned doth stay the Proceedings until they be also returned Abatement in Lands ABatement in Lands or Tenements is when a man dies seised of Lands or Tenements and one that hath no right enters into the same before the Heir this Entry is called an Abatement and he an Abator But if the Heir enter first after the death of his Ancestor and the other enter upon the possession of the Heir this last entry is a Disseisin to the Heir Look in
to the Polls Challenge to the Array is where Exception is taken to the whole number as impannelled partially Challenge to or by the Poll is where Exception is taken to any one or more as not indifferent Challenge to the Iurors is also divided into challenge principal and challenge for cause that is upon cause or reason Challenge principal or peremptory is that which the Law allows without cause alledged or Examination as a Prisoner at the Bar arraigned upon Felony may peremptorily challenge to the number of twenty one after another of the Iury impanuelled upon him not alledging any cause at all but his own dislike and they shall be discharged and new put into their places and this is in favor of life But in the case of High Treason no peremptory challenge is allowed See 25 H. 8. cap. 3. And a difference may be observed between challenge principal and challenge peremptory because challenge peremptory seems only to be used in matters Criminal and meerly without any cause alledged more than only the Prisoner's fansie Stamf. Pl. Cor. fol. 124. and principal for the most part in Civil Actions and with the namning of some Exception which being found true the Law presently allows As for example if any party saith that one of the Iurors is the Son Brother Cousin or Tenant to the other party or married to his daughter this is a good and strong Exception if it be true without farther examination of the credit of the party challenged And of how large extent this Challenge of Kindred is does well appear in Plow fol. 425. Also in the Plea of the death of any man and in every Action real and also in every Action personal where the debt or damages amounts to 40 marks it is a good challenge to any of the Iury impanelled That he cannot dispend forty shillings by the year of his own Free-hold An. 11 H. 7. cap. 21. Challenge upon reason or cause is when the party alledges any such Exception against one or more of the Iurors which is not forthwith sufficient upon acknowledgment of the truth thereof but rather arbitrable and consiverable by the rest of the Iurors as if the son of the Iuror had married the daughter of the adverse party This Challenge by cause seems to be termed by Kitch fo 92. Challenge for favor or rather Challenge for favor is there said to be a Species of Challenge by cause Where you may also read what Challenges are commonly accounted for principal and what not Chamberdekins CHamberdekins are Irish Beggars which by the Statute of 1 H. 5. c. 8. were by a certain time within the said Statute limited to avoid this Land Champertie CHampertie is a Writ that lies where two men are impleading and one gives the half or part of a thing in plea to a stranger to maintain him against the other then the party grieved shall have this Writ against the stranger And it seems that this hath been an ancient grievance in our Realm For notwithstanding divers Statutes and a form of a Writ framed unto them yet Anno 4 E. 3. c. 11. it was enacted That where the former Statutes provided redresse for this only in the King's Bench which then followed the Court it should be lawful for the Iustices of the Common Pleas likewise and Iustices of Assise in their Circuits to enquire hear and determine these and such cases as well at the Kings Suit as at the Suit of the party Also it was ordained by the Statute of 33 H. 8. which was confirmed by the Statute of 37 H. 8. c. 7. That Iustices of Peace at their Quarter Sessions should have authority to enquire as well by the Oaths of 12 men as by the information given to them by any person or persons of the defaults contempts and offences committed against the Laws and Statutes made and provided touching Champerty Maintenance c. and to hear and determine the said faults and offences Champertors are they that move Pleas and Suits or cause to be moved by their own or oothers procurement and sue them at their own costs to have part of the Lands or gains in variance See the Stat. Articuli suê‘ chartas c. 11. Chance-medley CHance medley is when a man without any evil intent doth a lawful thing or that is not prohibited by Law and yet another is slain or comes to his death thereby as if a man casts a stone which hits a man or woman who after dies thereof or if a man shoots an arrow and another that passes by is killed and such like this manner of killing is Man-slaughter by misadventure or Chance-medley for which the offendor shall have his pardon of course as appears by the Statute of 6 E. 1. c. 9. and he shall forfeit his goods in such manner as he that kills a man in his own defence But in this case it is to be considered whether he that commits this Man-slaughter by Chance-medley was in doing a lawfull thing for if the act was unlawfull as to fight at Barriers or run at Tilt without the Kings commandment or cast stones in a High-way where men usually pass or shoot arrows in a Market-place or such like whereby a man is killed in all these cases it is Felony at least that is Manssaughter if not Murther for the Offendor being doing an unlawful act of his own will the Law shall construe his meaning and will herein by the success of the act As if two are fighting together and a third man comes to part them and is killed by one of the two without any malice forethought or evil intent in him that killed the man yet this is Murther in him and not Man-slaughter by Chance-medley or Misadventure because they two that fought together were in doing an unlawful act And if they were met with prepensed malice the one intending to kill the other then it is Murther in them both Chancery CHancery is a Court of Law at Westminster for Suits for and against Attorneys Clerks and Officers of this Court this part of it and also the intelments of Deeds Patents is of Record And there is also a Court for Equity and their proceedings therein are entred in English and the Lord Chancellor or Keeper of the great Seal and Master of the Rolls are Iudges and the Writs are returnable there Coram Rege in Cancellaria Co. 4. Instit 78. Chapiter CHapiter is a Summary or content of all such matters as are enquirable before Iustices in Eyre Iustices of Assise or of the Peace in their Sessions so it is used 3 E. 1. c. 27. in these words And that no Clerk of any Iustice Escheator or Commissioner in Eyre shall take any thing for delivery of Chapiters but only Clerks of Iustices in their Circuits and likewise 13 E. 1. c. 10. in these words And when the time comes the Sheriff shall certifie the Chapiters before the Iustices in Eyre how many Writs he hath Also Britton uses it
the land extends but to the moiety of a Knight's fee then the Tenant is bound to follow his Lord but 20 days if a fourth part then 10 days Fitzh Nat. Brev fol. 83. c. 84. c e. The other kind of Escuage uncertain is called Castleward where the Tenant by his land is bound either by himself or some other to defend a Castle as often as it shall come to his turn Escuage certain is where the Tenant is assessed to a certain summe of money to be paid instead of such uncertain service as that a man shall pay yearly for a Knights Fee 20 shillings for the half 10 shillings or any such rate And this Service because it is drawn to a certain Rent comes to be of a mixt nature not meerly Socage for it smells not of the Plow and yet Socage in effect being now neither personal service nor incertain Chivalry hath other conditions annexed thereunto as Homage Fealty Wardship Relief and Marriage Bract. l. 2. c. 35. and what they signifie see in their several places Chivalry is either general or special Dyer fol. 161. plac 47. General seems to be where it is only said in the Feoffment that the Tenant holds by Knights Service without any specification of Sergeanty Escuage c. Special is that which is declared particularly what kind of Knights service he holds by See the Statute 12 Car. 2. c. 24 Thing in Action THing in Action is when a man hath cause or may bring an Action for some duty due to him as an Action of Debt upon an Obligation Annuity or Rent Action of Covenant or Ward Trespasse of goods taken away Beating or such like and because they are things whereof a man is not possessed but for recovery of them is driven to his Action they are called Things in Action And those Things in Action that are certain the King may grant and the Grantee may have an Action for them in his own name only But a common person cannot grant his Thing in Action nor the King himself his Thing in Action which is uncertain as Trespass and such like But of late times it is used in London that Merchants and others there who have Bills without Seals for payment of Money assign them to others who bring actions in their own names Churchesset CHurchesset is a word whereof Flet. l. 1. c. 47. in the end thus writes It signifies a certain Measure of Wheat which in times past every man on St. Martins day gave to Holy Church as well in the time of the Britains as of the English Yet many great persons after the coming of the Romans gave that Contribution according to the ancient Law of Moses in the name of the First-fruits as in the Work of King Kanutus sent unto the Pope is contained in which they call the Contribution Chirchsed as one would say Church-seed Church-wardens CHurch-wardens are Officers yearly chosen by the consent of the Minister and the Parishioners according to the custom of every several place to see to the Church Church-yard and such things as belong to both and to observe the behaviour of the Parishioners for such crimes as appertain to the jurisdiction or censure of the Ecclesiastical Court These are a kind of Corporation and are enabled by Law to sue for any thing belonging to their Church or the Poor of the Parish See Lambert's Duty of Church-wardens Cinque Port. CInque Port are five Haven-towns that is Hastings Romney Hythe Dover and Sandwich to which have been granted long time since many Liverties which other Port-towns haue not and that first in the time of King Edward the Confessor which have been increased since and that chiefly in the days of the three Edwards the first the second and third as appears in Dooms-day book and other old Monuments too long to recite Circuity of Action CIrcuity of Action is when an Action is rightfully brought for a Duty but yet about the bush as it were for that it might as well have been otherwise answered and determined and the Suit saved and because the same Action was more then needful it is called Circuity of Action As if a man grant a Rent-charge of x. li out of his Mannor of Dale and after the Grantee disseises the Grantor of the same Manor and he brings an Assise and recovers the land and xxli damages which xx.li. being paid the Grantee of the Rent sues his Action for x. li of his Rent due during the time of the Disseisin which if no Disseisin had been he must have had This is called Circuity of Action because it might have been more shortly answered for whereas the Grantor shall receive xx.li. damages and pay x. li Rent he may haue received but the x. li only for the damages and the Grantee might have cut off and kept back the other x. li in his hands by way of deteiner for his Rent and so thereby might have saved his Action Circumstantibus CIrcumstantibus is a word of Art signifying the Supply and making up the number of Iurors if any impannelled do not appear or are challenged by either party by adding to them as many others of those that are present and standers by See 35 H. 8. c. 6. 5 El. c. 25. City CIty is such a Town corporate as hath a Bishop and a Cathedral Church whereof such words are found The same place is called Urbs Civitas and Oppidum It is called Civitas in regard it is governed in justice and order of Magistracy Oppidum for that there are therein great plenty of Inhabitants and Urbs because it is in due form begirt about with Walls But that place is commonly called Civitas which hath a Bishop Yet Crompton in his Jurisdictions reckons up all the Cities and leaves out Ely although it hath a Bishop and a Cathedral Church and puts in Westminster notwithstanding it now hath no Bishop And 35 El. 6. Westminster is called a City and Anno 27 ejusd c. 5 of Statutes not printed Westminster is alternative called a City or Borough It appears by the Stat. 35 H. 8. c. 10. that then there was a Bishop of Westm Cassanaeus writes that France hath within its Territories 104 Cities and gives this reason because there are so many Sees of Archbishops and Bishops Clack CLack as to clack force and bard wool 8 H 6. cap. 22. whereof the first viz. to Clack wool is to cut off the mark of the Sheep which makes it to weigh lesse and so to pay the less Custome to the King To Force wool is to clip the upper and most hairy part of it To Bard or beard wool is to cut the head and neck from the other part of the Fleece Claim CLaim is a Challenge by any man of the property or ownership of a thing which he hath not in possession but is withholden from him wrongfully and the party that so makes this Claim shall have thereby a great advantage for by it in some cases he may
the Law gives much credit and authority to Coroners Corporation Corporation is a permanent thing that may have succession And it is an Assembly and joyning together of many into one Fellowship Brotherhood and mind whereof one is Head and chief the rest are the Body and this Head and Body knit together make the Corporation And of Corporations some are Spiritual some Temporal and of Spiritual some are Corporations of dead persons in Law and some otherwise and some are by authority of the King only and some have been of a mixt authority And of those that are Temporal some are by the authority of the King also and some by the Common Law of the Realm Corporation Spiritual and of dead persons in the Law is where the Corporation consists of an Abbot and Covent which had beginning of the King and the Pope when he had to do here Corporation Spiritual and of able persons in Law is where the Corporation consists of a Dean and Chapter Master of a Colledge or Hospital and this Corporation had beginning of the King only Corporation Temporal by the King is where there is a Mayor and Commonalty Corporation Temporal by authority of the Common Law is the Assembly in Parliament which consists of the King the Head of the Corporation the Lords Spiritual and Temporal and the Commons of the Realm the Body of the Corporation Bodies politick BOdies politick are Bishops Abbots Priors Deans Parsons of Churches and such like which have succession in one person only If land be given to a Maior and Commonalty for their lives they have an Estate by intendment not determinable So it is if a Feoffment be made of land to a Dean and Chapter without speaking of Successors Release of a Mayor for any summ of money due to the Corporation in his own name is not good in Law In case of a sole Corporation or Body politick as Bishop Parson Vicar Master of Hospital c. no Chattel either in action or possession shall go in succession but the Executors or Administrators of the Bishop Parson c. shall have them for Succession in a Body politick is as Inheritance in case of a body private But otherwise is in case of a Corporation composed of many as a Dean and Chapter Mayor and Commonalty and such like for there they in judgement of the Law never die Yet the case of the Chamberlain of London differs from all these and his Successors may in his own name have Execution of a Recognisance acknowledged to his Predecessor for Orphanagemoney and the reason is because in this case the Corporation of the Chamberlain is by Custome and the same Custome that hath created him and made a Corporation in Succession as to the said special purpose concerning Orphanage hath enabled the Successor to take such Recognisances Obligations c. that are made to his Predecessor And this Custom is founded upon great reason for the Executors or Administrators of the Chamberlain ought not to intermeddle with such Recognisances Obligations c. which by the said Custom are taken in the corporate capacity of the Chamberlain and not in his private But a Bishop Parson c. or any sole Corporation that are Bodies politick by prescription cannot take a Recognisance or Obligation but only to their private and not in their politick capacity for they want Custome to take a Chattel in their politick or corporate capacity Corpus cum Causa or Habeas Corpus COrpus cum Causa is a Writ issuing out of the Chancery to remove both the body and the Record of the Cause of any man lying in Execution upon a Iudgement for Debt into the Kings Bench c. there to lie till he have satisfied the Iudgement Fitzh Nat. Brev. fol. 251. e. It lies also to remove any Action from inferiour Courts of Record into any of the 3 Courts in Westm Corruption of Blood COrruption of Blood is when any one is attainted of Felony or Treason then his Bloud is said to be corrupt by means whereof neither his children nor any of his bloud can be heirs to him or to any other Ancestor for which they ought to claim by him And if he were a Noble or Gentleman before he and all his children are made thereby ignoble and ungentle having regard to the Nobility or Gentry they claim by their father which cannot be restored by the Kings Grant without authority of Parliament But if the King will pardon the offendor it will cleanse the corruption of the Blood of those children which are born after the Pardon and they may inherit the land of their Ancestor purchased at the time of the Pardon or afterwards but so cannot they who were born before the Pardon Also he that is attainted of Treason or Felony shall not be heir to his father but this disability shall hinder others to be heir so that during his life the land shall rather escheat to the Lord of the Fee then discend to another But if he who is attainted dies without issue of his body during the life of his Ancestor then his younger Brother Sister or Cousin shall inherit for if the eldest Son be hanged or abjure the Realm for Felony during the life of the Father it is no impediment but that the youngest Son may inherit 27 Edw. 3. c. 77. And if he who is attaint of Treason or Felony in the life of his Ancestor purchase the Kings Pardon before the death of his Ancestor yet he shall not be Heir to the said Ancestor but the Land shall rather escheat to the Lord of the Fee by the Corruption of bloud 26 Ass pla 2. But if the eldest son be a Clerk convict in the life of his Father and after his Father dies in this case he shall inherit his Fathers Land because he was not attainted of Felony for by the Common Law he should inherit after he had made his Purgation And now by the Statute of 18 El. cap. 6. he shall be forthwith enlarged after burning in the hand and delivered out of prison and not committed to the Ordinary to make his Purgation but he is in the same case as if he had made his Purgation If a man that hath Land in right of his wife hath issue and his Bloud is corrupt by Attainder of Felony and the King pardons him in this case if the wife dies before him he shall not be Tenant by the courtesse for the corruption of the blood of that issue But it is otherwise if he hath issue after the Pardon for then he shall be Tenant although the issue which he had before the Pardon be not inheritable 13 H. 7. c. 17. If a man seised of Land hath issue two sons and the eldest is attainted in the life of his Father of Felony and therefore executed or otherwise dies during the life of his Father and after the Father dies seised the Land shall descend to the youngest son as Heir unto his Father if
have been taken for such as a man retains to speak for him in any Court as Advocates and Pledeurs to be another sort as Attorneys for one that is present himself but suffers another to speak for him Countours according to M. Horne are such Sergeants skilful in the Law which serve the common people to defend their Actions in Iudicature for their fee. Countee COuntee so called a comitando because they accompany the King was the most eminent and high dignity from the conquest untill the 11 year of King Ed. 3. when the Black Prince was created Duke of Cornwall and those who of ancient time were created Countees were of the Blood-Royal aud at this day the King in all his appellations stiles them by the name of Our most dear Cousin And for these causes the Law gives them high and great Priviledges and therefore their body shall not be arrested for Debt Trespasse c. because the Law intends that they assist the King with their counsel for the publick good and keep the Realm by their prowesse and valour Also for the same cause they shall not be put in Iuries although it be for the service of the Country And if issue be taken whether the Plaintiff or Defendant be a Countee or not this shall not be tried by the Countrey but by the Kings Writ Also the Defendant shall not have a day of favour against a Lord of the Parliament because he is intended to attend the publick And of ancient time the Countee was Praefectus or Praepositus Comitatus and had the charge and custody of the County and now the Sheriff hath all the authority for administration and execution of Iustice which the Countee had Cok. lib. 9. fol. 49. and therefore he is called Viscount Countenance COuntenance seems to be used for Credit or Estimation Old Nat. Brev. 111. in these words The Attaint shall be granted to poor men that will take their oaths they have not any thing whereof to make their Fine saving their Countenance In the same manner it is used 1 Edw. 3. Stat. 2. cap. 4. in these words Sheriffs shall charge the Kings Debtors with as much as they may levy with their oaths without abating the Debtors Countenance Countermand COuntermand is where a thing formerly executed is afterward by some act or ceremony made void by the party that hath first done it As if a man hath made his last Will whereby he devises his Land to J. S. and afterwards he infeoffs another of the same Land there this Feoffment is a Countermand to the Will and the Will as to the disposition of the Land is void If a woman seised of Land in fee makes a Will in writing and devises that if A. of B. survives her then she devises and bequeaths to him and his heirs her Land and afterward she entermarries with the said A. of B. there by taking him to husband and coverture at the time of her death the Will is Countermanded But if a Baroness widow retains two Chaplains according to the Statute and takes one of the Nobility to husband and afterwards the husband dies the Reteiner of those two Chaplains remains and they without new Reteiner may take two Benefices for their Reteiner was not determined nor countermanded by such Marriage If a woman makes a Lease at will and afterwards takes an husband this Marriage is no Countermand to the Lease without express matter done by the Husband after the Marriage to determine the Will Also if a Lease be made at will to a woman and she takes an Husband the Lease continues notwithstanding the Marriage and is no Countermand thereunto Counterplea COunterplea is when one brings an Action and the Tenant in his Answer and Plea vouches or calls any man to warrant his Title or prayes in aid of another who hath better Estate than he as of him that is in the Reversion or if one that is a stranger to the Action come and pray to be received to save his Estate if the Demandant reply thereto and shew cause that he ought not to vouch such a one or of such a one to have aid or that such a one ought not to be received this Plea is called a Counterplea to the Voucher Aid or Resceit as the case is But when the Voucher is allowed and the Vouchee comes in and demands what cause the Tenant hath and the Tenant shews his cause and the Vouchee pleads any thing to avoid the Warranty that is called a Counterplea in the Warranty Countie COuntie signifies as much as Shire both containing a compasse or portion of the Realm into which all its land is divided for the better government thereof and more easie administring of Iustice so that there is not any part of the Kingdom that lies not within some County and every County is governed by a yearly Officer whom we call Sheriff who among other duties belonging to his Office puts in execution all the Commandments and Iudgments of the Kings Courts that are to be executed within the compasse Fortesc ' cap. 24 Of these Counties there are four more remarkable than others called County Palatines as Lancaster Chester Durham and Ely an 5. El. c. 23. There was also the County Palatine of Hexam an 33 H. 8. cap. 10. but thereof quaere A County Palatine is of so high a nature that whereas all Pleas touching the life or maihem of a man called Pleas of the Crown are usually held and sped in the Kings name and cannot be passed in the name of any other the chief Governours of these by special Charter from the King heretofore did send out all Writs in their own name and did all things touching Iustice as absolutely as the Prince himself in other Counties onely acknowledging him to be their Superiour and Soveraigne But by the Statute of 27 H. 8. cap. 25. this power was much abridged which fee and Cromp. Jurisdict 137. Besides these two sorts of Counties there are also Counties corporate as appears by the Statute of 3 Ed. 4. 5. and these are certain Cities or ancient Boroughs of the Land upon whom the Princes of this Nation have bestowed such extraordinary Liberties as London York Chester Gloucester and many others County in another signification is used for the County Court which the Sheriff keeps every moneth within his charge either by himself or his Deputy See for this Dal â— on s Office of Sheriffs Of these Counties or Shires there are reckoned to be 37 in England besides the twelve in Wales Court COurt is diversly taken sometimes for the House where the King remains with his ordinary retinue and also the place where Iustice is judicially ministred of which you may find 32 several sorts in Cromp. Jurisd well described And of those the greater part are Courts of Record some are not and therefore accounted Base Courts in comparison of the others Besides these there are also Courts Christian so called because they handle matters chiefly
appertaining to Christianity and such as without good knowledge in Divinty cannot be well judged of being heretofore held by Archbishops and Bishops as from the Pope of Rome but after his ejection they held them by the Kings Authority by virtue of his Magistracy as the Admiral of England holds his Court whence it proceeds that they send out their Precepts in their own names and not in the Kings as the Iustices of the Kings Courts do and therefore as the Appeal from those Courts did lie to Rome now by the Stat. of 25 H. 8. cap. 19. it lies to the King in his Chancery Court-Baron COurt-Baron is a Court that every Lord of a Mannor hath within his own Precincts Of this Court and Court-Leet Kitch hath writ a learned Book This Court as it seems in Cok. lib. 4. fol. 26. fs twofold And therefore if a man having a Mannor in a Town grants the inheritance of all the Copyholds therein to another this Grantee may hold a Court for the customary Tenants and accept of Surrenders to the use of others and make Admittances and Grants The other Court is of Free-holders which is properly called the Court-Baron wherein the Suitors that is the Free-holders are Iudges whereas of the other Court the Lord or his Steward is Iudge Coutheutlaugh COutheutlaugh is he that wittingly receives a man utlawed and cherishes or hides him in which case he was in ancient time subject to the same punishment as the man utlawed was Br. l. 3. tr 2. c. 13. nu 2. It is compounded of couth i. known and utlaw outlawed as we now call them Cranage CRanage is a liberty to use a Crane for drawing up wares or Goods out of any Ship Boat or Barge at any Creek or Wharf and to make profit of it It is used also for the Money that is taken for that work Creditor CReansor or Creditor comes of the French Coryance that is Confidence or perswasion and it signifies him that trusts another with any Debt be it money wares or other things This word is used in the Old N. B. in the Writ of Audita querela f. 66. a. Creek CReek is that part of a Haven from whence any thing is landed or disburthened out of the Sea And this word is used in the Stat. 5 El. cap. 5. and 4 H. 4. cap. 20. c. Croft CRoft is a little Close or Pightle adjoyning to an House used either for pasture or arable as the owner pleases And it seems to be derived from the old word Creaft that is Handicraft because these lands are for the most part manured with the best skill of the owner Cucking-stool CUcking-stool is an Engin invented for the punishment of Scolds and unquiet women and it was called in old time a Tumbrell as appears by Lamb. in his Eirenarc l. 1. c. 12. And by the Cases and Iudgements in Eire in the time of Ed. 3. a Pillory and a Tumbrell are appendant to a Leet without which right cannot be administred to the parties within the view Keloway fol. 140. b. And in the Stat. 51 H. 3. ca. 6. it is called Trebuchett Cui ante divortium CUi ante divortium is a Writ that lies when Alienation is made by the husband of the wifes Land and after Divorce is had between them then the woman shall have this Writ and the Writ shall say Whom she before the Divorce might not gain-say Cui in vita CUi in vita is a Writ that lies where a man is seised of Lands in Fee-simple Fee-tail or for life in right of his wife and aliens the same and dies then she shall have this Writ to recover the Land And note That in this Writ her Title must be shewed whether it be of the purchase or inheritance of the woman But if the husband alien the right of his wife and the husband and the wife die the wifes Heir may have a writ of Sur cui in vita Cuinage CUinage See Cuynage Cuntey CUntey cuntey is a kind of Trial as appears by Bract. in these words The matter in this case shall be ended by Cuntey cuntey as between coheirs l. 4. tr 3. cap. 18. And again in the same place In a Writ of right the business shall be determined by cuntey cuntey And thirdly l. 4. tr 4. c. 2. The cause shall be tried by Writ of right neither by Battel nor by the great Assise but by Cuntey cuntey only which seems to be as much as by ordinary Iury. Curfew CUrfew comes of two French words Couvrir to cover and Feu Fire It is used with us for an evening Peal by which the Conqueror willed every man to take warning for the taking up his Fire and putting out his Light So that in many places at this day when a Bell is customably rung toward Bed-time it is said to ring Curfew Curia avisare vult CUria avisare vult is a Deliberation which the Court purposes to take upon any difficult point of a Cause before Iudgement be resolved on For which see the New Book of Entries verbo Curia c. Curia claudenda IS a Writ or Action to compell another to make a Fence or Wall which the Defendant ought to make between his land and the Plaintiffs Currier CUrrier is one that dresses or liquors Leather and is so called of the French word Cuir id est Corium Leather The word is used in all the Statutes made for the good making of Leather as in 1 Jac cap. 22. c. Cursiter CUrsiter is an Officer or Clerk belonging to the Chancery who makes out Original Writs 14 15 H. 8. cap. 8. They are called Clerks of Course in the Oath of Clerks of the Chancery appointed anno 18 Ed. 3. Stat. 5. There are of them twenty four to each of whom is allotted certain Shires into which they make out such Original Writs as are by the subject required and are a Corporation among themselves Curtesie of England CUrtesie of England is where a man takes a wife seised in Fee-simple or Fee-tail general or seised as Heir of the tail special and hath issue by her male or female be the issue dead or alive if the wife die the husband shall hold the Land during his life by the Law of England And it is called Tenant by the Curtesie of England because this is not used in any other Realm but only in England If the Infant was never alive then the husband shall not be Tenant by the Curtesie but if the issue be born alive it suffices If the woman be delivered of a Monster which hath not the shape of mankind this is not Issue in Law But though the issue hath some deformity or defect in the hand or foot and yet hath humane shape if suffices to make the husband Tenant by the Curtesie And in some cases the time of the birth is material and in some not Therefore if a man marries a woman Inheritrix who is great with child by him
said of these words that hath been spoken of the words next afore As if a man be bound to another and makes his Executor and dies and the mony grows due in the time of the Testator and afterward the Executor pays it not the Action brought against him therefore shall be in the Detinet only and so in all Actions brought by Executors as Executors the Writ shall be in the Detinet only although the duty accrued in their own time because the thing or damages recovered shall be assets But if Lessee for years rendring Rent makes his Executors and dies and the Rent incurs after the death of the Testator there an Action of Debt shall be brought in the Debet Detinet for when an Executor or Administrator takes the Profits nothing shall be Assets but the Profits above the Rent As if the Land is worth ten pound by the year and five pound is reserved in this cas â— nothing shall be Assets but the five pound above the Rent and therefore the Writ shall be for the Rent in the Debet Detinet Cokel 5. fol. 31. Decem Tales DEcem Tales See Tales Decies tantum DEcies tantum is a Writ that lies where a Iuror in any Enquest takes money of the one part or other to give his Verdict then he shall pay ten times as much as he hath received a â— d every one that will sue may have Action and shall have the one half and the King the other But if the King in such case release by his Pardon to such a Iuror yet that shall be no Bar against him that brings the Action who shall recover the other half if this Action be commenced before the Pardon of the King but if the Pardon be before any Action it is a Bar against all men And the same Law is of all other Actions popular where one part is to the King the other to the party that sues And the Embracers who procure such Enquests shall be punished in the same manner and they shall have imprisonment a year But no Iustice shall enquire thereof ex officio but only at the Suit of the party Deciners DEciners are such as were wont to have the oversight and command of Ten free Burgs for preserving the Kings Peace and the Limits or Circuit of their Iurisdiction was called Decenna Bracton l. 3. tract 2. c. 15. Also you may read Flet. l. 1. c. 27. and Reg. orig fol. 68. b. These seemed to have large authority in the Saxons time taking knowledge of Causes within their Circuit and redressing wrongs by way of Iudgment as you may read in the Laws of King Edward set out by Lambert num 32. Also there is mention of these in Britton cap. 12. who saith in the Kings person as he writes his whole Book in this manner We will that all such as are fourteen years of age shall make oath that they shall be sufficient and loyal unto Vs and that they will not be Felons nor assenting to Felons and that all be professed to be of this or that Dozein and make or offer Surety of their behaviour by these or those Deciners except Religious persons Clerks Knights and their eldest sons and Women Yet the same Author in his 29. chap. near the end saith That all at the age of 12 years or above are punishable for not coming to the Sheriffs Tourn excepting Earls Prelates Barons Religious persons and Women The same Law is where the Deciners make presentment that a Felon is taken for Theft and delivered to the Sheriff And Kitchen out of the Register and Britton saith thus Religious persons Clerks Knights or Women shall not be Deciners fol. 33. Whence it may be gathered that this word implies nothiny else but such a one as by his Oath of Loyalty to his Prince is settled in the combination or society of a Dozein for it is not usual at this day to find Surety so to do And now a Dozeine seems to extend so far as the Lcet extends because in Leets only this Oath is administred by the Steward and taken by such as are of the age of twelve years and upward dwelling within the Precinct of the Leet where they are sworn Fitzh Nat. Brev. 161. a. The particulars of this Oath you may read in Bracton l. 3. tract 2. c. 1. num 1. where he puts dwon fifteen years for the age of those that are sworn to the Kings Peace but l. 3. tract 2. c. 11. num 5. he names twelve years See Inlaugh From which Premisses may be observed the difference detween the ancient and these our times in this point of Law and Government as well for the age of those that are to be sworn as also that Deciner is not now used for the chief man of a Dozein but for him that is sworn to the Kings Peace and lastly that now there are not any Dozeins but Leets and that ordinarily no man gives other Security for keeping the Kings Peace but his own Oath and therefore no one shall answer for the transgression of another but every one for himself Declaration DEclaration is a Shewing in writing the grief and complaint of the Demandant or Plaintiff against the Tenant or Defendant wherein he supposes to have received wrong And this Declaration ought to be plain and certain both because it impeaches the Defendant and also compels him to make answer thereto But note that such Declaration made by the Demandant against the Tenant in an Action real is properly called a Count. Note That the Count or Declaration ought to contain Demonstration Declaration and Conclusion And in Demonstration are contained three things that is him who complains against whom and for what matter And in the Declaration there ought to be comprised how and in what manner the Action rose between the parties and when and what day year and place and to whom the Action shall be given And in the Conclusion he ought to averre and profer to prove his Suit and shew the Dammages which he hath sustained by the wrong done him De deoneranda pro rata portionis DE deoneranda c. is a Writ that lies where one one is distreined for Rent that ought to be paid by others proportionably with him Fitz. Nat. Brev. Fol. 234. Dedimus potestatem DEdimus potestatem is a Writ that lies where a man sues in the Kings Court or is sued and cannot well travel then he shall have this Writ directed to some Iustice or other discreet person in the Countrey to give him power to admit some man for his Atturney or to levy a Fine or to take his Confession or his Answer or other Examination as the matter requires Defalt DEfalt is an Offence in omitting that which we ought to do and most commonly taken for Non-appearance in Court at a day assigned Bract. lib. 5. tract 3. and Fleta lib. 6. cap. 14. Defamation DEfamation is when a man speaks Slanderous words of any other man
Fieri facias If a man recover by a Writ of Debt and sue a Fieri facias and the Sheriff return that the Defendant hath nothing whereof he may satisfie the Debt to the party then the Plaintiff shall have Elegit or Capias sicut alias and a Pluries And if the Sheriff return at the Caplas Mitto vobis corpus and he have nothing whereof he may make satisfaction to the party he shall be sent to the prison of the Fleet and there abide untill he have made Agreement with the party and if the Sheriff return Non est inventus then there shall go forth an Exigent against him Note well That in a Writ of Debt brought against a Parson who hath nothing of Lay-Fee and the Sheriff returns that he may not be summoned then shall the Plaintiff sue a Writ to the Bishop to cause his Clerk to come and the Bishop shall make him come by Sequestration of the Church And if a man bring a Writ of Debt and recover and make his Executors and die they shall not have Execution notwithstanding it be within the year be a Fieri facias There is another sort of Elegit upon adjudging execution against Terr-tenants which Elegits recite the lands against which Execution is adjudged and commands the Sheriff to deliver to the Creditor a moyty of those Lands and nothing is therein mentioned of any Goods or Chattels as in the other Elegits Elopement ELopement is when a married woman departs from her husband and dwells with an Adulterer for which without voluntary reconcilement to her husband she shall lose her Dower by the Statute of West 2. cap. 34. Whereupon is this old Verse The woman that her husband leaves And with Adult'ry is defil'd Her Dower she shall want unless She first to him be reconcil'd Embleaments EMbleaments are the Profits of the Land which have been sowed and in some cases he who sowed them shall have them and in some not as if Tenant for life sow the Land and afterwards die the Executors of the Tenant for life shall have the Embleaments and not he in Reversion But if Tenant for years sow the Land and before that he hath reap'd his term expires there the Lessor or he in Reversion shall have the Embleaments If one desseises me and cuts the Embleaments growing upon the Land and afterwards I re-enter I shall have an Action of Trespasse against him for the Embleaments but if my Disseisor makes a Feoffment in fee or leases the Land whereof he disseised me and the Feoffee or Lessee takes the Embleaments and after I re-enter I shall not have Trespass Vi armis against them who come in by Title but against my Disseisor Cok. lib. 11. f. 51. If a woman Copiholder during her Widowhood according to the Custome of the Mannor sows the Land and before severance of the Embleaments she takes a husband the Lord shall have the Embleaments So if a woman seised of Land during her Widowhood makes a Lease for years and the Lessee sows the Land and the woman takes a husband there the Lessee shall not have the Embleaments although his Estate be determined by the act of a stranger And although it is commonly held in our Books That if a man leases Lands at will and after the Lessee sows the Land and then the Will is determined that the Lessee shall have the Embleaments yet if the Lessee himself determines the Will before the severance of the Corn. he shall not have the Embleaments See Cok. lib. 5. fol. 116. Embrasour or Embraceour EMbrasour or Embraceour is he that when a matter is in trial between party and party comes to the Barrs with one of the parties having received some reward so to do and speaks in the case or privily labours the Iury or stands there to survey or overlook them thereby to put them in fear and doubt of the matter But persons learned in the Law may speak in the case for their clients Emparlance EMparlance is when a man being to answer to a Suit or Action desires some time of Respite to advise himself the better what he shall answer and it is nothing else but a Continuance of the Cause untill a fatther day And though the Plaintiff in the Kings Bench after the Barre pleaded hath time to reply two or three Terms after yet no mention shall be made in the Roll of any Emparlance or Continuance but the Entry shall be general and so intended to be the same Term. But it is otherwise with a Barre for it contains the Emparlance or Continuance and is in this manner And now at this day that is Friday c in the same Term untill which day the aforesaid A had licence to imparle c. But there is no such Entry upon any Replication or Rejoynder See Coke lib. 5. fol. 75. Brit. cap. 53. uses this word for the Conference of a Iury upon the business to them committed There is a special Imparlance also for a Defendant salvis sibi omnibus omnimodis exceptionibus ad breve narrationem or ad billam which is of use where the Defendant is to plead some matters which cannot be pleaded after a general imparlance Encheson ENcheson is a French word much used in our Law Books as in the Statute of 50 E. 3. cap. 3 and it signifies as much as the Occasion cause or reason for which any thing is done So it is used by Stamford lib. 1. cap. 12. in his description of a Deodand Encrochment ENcrochment comes from the French word Acrocher that is to Pull or draw to And it signifies an Vnlawfull gaining upon the right or possession of another And so a Rent is said to be encroched when the Lord by Distresse or otherwise compells the Tenant to pay more Rent then he ought or then he need See Bucknal's Case 9 Rep ' fol. 33. So when a man sees his Hedge or his Wall too far into the land or ground of his neighbour that lies next him he is said to incroach upon him Enditement or Indictment INdictment comes of the French Enditer that is to set a man out as he is And it is a Bill or Declaration in form of Law exhibited by way of Accusation against one for some offence either criminal or penal and preferred to Iurors and by their Verdict found and presented to be true before a Iudge or Officer that hath power to punish or certifie the Offence Endowment ENdowment Dotatio signifies properly the Giving or assuring of Dower to a woman But it is sometimes by a Metaphor used for the Setting out or severing of a sufficient part or portion to a Vicar for his perpetual maintenance when the Benefice is appropriated And so it is used in the Statutes of 15 R. 2. cap. 6. and 4 H. 4. cap. 12. Endowment de la pluis belle part ENdowment de la c. is when a man dies seeised of some Lands held in Knights-service and others in
between Rent and Common is good and that ought to be by Deed. Also it behoves alway that this word Exchange be in the Deed or else nothing passes by it except he have Livery and Seisin Exchequer EXchequer See Exchequer Excommengement EXcommengement is to say in Latine Excommunicatio and it is where a man by judgment in Court Christian is Excommenged by which he is disabled to sue any Action in the Kings Court and if he remain Excommunicate xl days and will not be justified by his Ordinary then the Bishop shall send his Letter Patent to the Chancellour to certifie this excommunication or contempt and thereupon the Sheriff shall be commanded to take the Body of him that is Accursed by a Writ called De Excommunicato capiendo till he hath made satisfaction to holy Church for the Contempt and Wrong and when he is justified the Bishop shall send his Letters to the King certifying the same and then the Sheriff shall be commanded to deliver him by a Writ called Excommunicato deliberando See the Statute 5 Eliz. cap. 23. Excommunication EXcommunication See Excommengement Execution EXecution is where Iudgment is given to any Action that the Plaintiff shall recover the Land Debt or Dammages as the case is and when any Writ is awarded to put him in possession or to do any other thing whereby the Plaintiff should the better be satisfied his Debt or Dammages that is called a Writ of Extention and when he hath the possession of the Land or is paid the Debt or Damages or hath the Body of the Defendant awarded to prison then he hath Execution And if the Plea be in the County or Court-Baron or Hundred and they defer the execution of the Iudgment in favor of the party or for other cause the Demandant shall have a Writ De Executione Judicii Note that in a Writ of Debt a man shall not have Recovery of any Lands but of those which the Defendant hath the day of the Iudgment yielded And of Chattels a man shall have execution only of the Chattels which he hath the day of the execution sued Executione facienda EXecutione facienda is a Writ commanding Execution of a Iudgment the divers uses whereof see in the Table of the Reg. Judic Executor EXecutor is when a Man makes his Testament and last Will and therein names the person that shall execute his Testament that is his Executor and is as much in the Civil Law as Haeres designatus or Testamentarius as to Debts Goods and Chattels of his Testator and such an Executor shall have an Action against every Debtor of his Testator and if the Executor hath Assets every one to whom the Testator was in Debt shall have an Action against him if he have an Obligation or Specialty but in every case where the Testator might wage his Law no Action lies against the Executor See hereof before in the Title Administrators And if any other person not made Executor take or sell the Goods of the deceased he may be sued as Executor of his own wrong in the same form as other Executor See the Statute of 30 Car. 2. cap. 7. Exemplification EXemplification is when a man will have any Original Record written out and exemplified forth of the Court where it remains to which purpose he may have a Writ as appiert by the Reg. orig f. 290. And if a man will plead a Record in other Court then where it remains it behoves him to have it exemplified under the Great Seal of England for if it be exemplified under the Seal of the Common Pleas Exchequer or such like it will not serve unless in Evidence to a Iury. See Coke l. 5. f. 53. See the Statute of 13 Eliz. cap. 6. and 23 El. 3. The force and use of Exemplifications of Patents c. Exemption EXemption is a priviledge to be Free from Service or Apparance and therefore a Baron Baronness by reason of their Dignity are exempted to be sworn upon any Inquest Coke l. 6. f. 53. Also Knights Clerks and Women are exempted to appear at Leets or the Sheriffs Tourn And that is by the Statute of Marlebridge c. 10. And a man may be exempted from being put upon Enquests and Iuries by the Kings Letters Patents as the President and Colledge or Commonalty of Physicians in London were by the Letters Patents of King H. 8. Coke l. 8. f. 108. Ex gravi querela EX gravi querela See before in the Title Devise Exigent EXigent is a Writ that lies where a man sues an Action personal and the Defendant cannot be found nor hath any thing within the County whereby he may be attached or distrained then this Writ shall go forth to the Sheriff to make Proclamation at five Counties every one after another that he appear or else that he shall be out-lawed and if he be outlawed then all his Goods and Chattels are forfeit to the King In an Indictment of Felony the Exigent shall go forth after the first Capias And in a Capias ad computandum or ad satisfaciendum and in every Capias that goes forth after Iudgment the Exigent shall go forth after the first Capias And also in Appeal of Death but not in an Appeal of Robbery or Mayhem With this Exigent issueth also a writ by the Statute of 13 El. cap. 3. to make three Proclamations against the Defendant which is not in Exigents after Iudgment Exigenter EXigenter is an Officer of the Common Pleas of which there are four They make out all Exigents and Proclamations in all Actions in which process of Outlawry lies And they make writs of Supersedeas as well as the Preignotaries upon such Exigents as were made in their Office Of this Officer there is mention made in the Statutes of 10 H. 6. c. 4. 18 H. 6. c. 9. Ex mero motu EX mero motu are words frequently used in the Kings Charters whereby he signifies that he doth that which is contained in the Charter of his own will and motion without Petition or Suggestion made by any other and the effect of these words is to bar all exceptions that might be taken to the Instrument wherein they are contained by alledging that the King in passing that Charter was abused by any false Suggestion Kitch f. 151. And when the Kings Charter hath therein these words it shall be taken most strongly against the King therefore if the King ex mero motu pardon to B. all his debts all the debts that B. ows as Sheriff are by this pardoned and in like manner it is in many other cases where these words shall be taken as strongly against the Kings as if a common person had made the Grant See Coke l. 1. f. 45. Ex parte talis Ex parte talis See before Tit. Account Expeditate EXpeditate is a word often used in the Forrest signifying to cut out the Balls of great Dogs feet for preservation of the Kings Game And
one of the Articles to be enquired touching the Forrest is If all great Dogs or Mastives in the Forest are Expeditated according to the Laws of the Forrest and if any be not the Owner of every such Dog shall forfeit to the King three shillings and four pence Cromp. Jurisd fol. 152. Manwood uses the same word and part 1. of his Forrest Law fol. 212. sets down the manner of expeditating Dogs heretofore which was that the three Claws of the Fore-foot on the right side shall be cut off by the skin whereunto he also adds out of the Ordinance called the Assise of the Forrest that the same manner of expeditating Dogs shall be still used and kept and none other Quaere whence it arises that Crompton and he differ the one saying the Ball of the foot is cut out the other that the three Fore-claws are cut off by the skin Expensis Militum levandis EXpensis Militum levandis is a Writ directed to the Sheriff for levying the Allowance for the Knights of the Parliament Regist orig fol. 191. b. And Expensis Militum non levandis de hominibus de Antiquo Dominico nec a Nativis is a Writ to prohibit the Sheriff to levy any Allowance for the Knights of the County upon such as hold in Ancient Demesne c. Ibidem fol. 261. b. Extend EXtend is to value the Lands or Tenements of one bound by Statute c. that hath forfeited it and to deliver them to the Conusee at such indifferent rates as that by the yearly Profits the Conusee in time may be satisfied his Debt See Fitz. Nat. B. fol. 131. and Coke lib. 4. fol. 67. Fulwoods Case Extent EXtent has two significations The one is a Writ or Commission to the Sheriff for the valuing of Lands or Tenements the other the act of the Sheriff or other Commissioner upon that Writ Broke tit Extent fol. 313. Extinguishment EXtinguishment is where a Lord or any other hath any Rent or Service going out of any Land and he purchases the same Land so that he hath such Estate in the Land as he hath in the Rent then the Rent is extinct for that one may not have Rent going out of his own Land Also when any Rent shall be extinct the Land and the Rent must be in one hand the Estate indefesible and he have as good Estate in the Land as in the Rent for if he have Estate in the Land but for Life or Years and hath Fee-simple in the Rent then the Rent is not extinct but in suspence for that time and after the term the Rent is revided If there be Lord Mesne and Tenant and the Lord purchase the Tenancy the Mesnalty is extinct but the Mesne shall have the surplusage of the Rent if there be any as Rent-seck Also if a man have a High-way appendant and after purchase the Land wherein the High-way is then the Way is extinct and so it is of a Common appendant Extortion EXtortion is wrong done by any Officer Ordinary Archdeacon Official Major Bailiff Sheriff Escheator Coroner Under-Sheriff Goaler or other Officer by colour of his Office by taking excessive Reward or Fee for execution of his Office or otherwise and is no other thing indeed then plain Robbery or rather more odious then Robbery for Robbery is apparent and always hath with it the countenance of Vice but Extortion being as great a Vice as Robbery is carries with it a countenance of Vertue by means whereof it is the more hard to be tried or discerned and therefore the more odious And yet some there are that will not stick to stretch their Office Credit and Conscience to purchase Mony as well by Extortion as otherwise according to the saying of the Poet Virgil What is it that the greedy thirst of Gol ◠doth not constrain mortals to attempt F. Faculty FAculty is a word often used in the Statute of 25 Hen. 8. cap. 21. and it signifies a Priviledge or special Dispensation granted unto a man by favour and indulgence to do that which by the Law he cannot do as to eat Flesh upon days forbidden or to hold two or more Ecclesiastical Livings and the like And for the granting of these Faculties there is a special Officer under the Arch-bishop of Canterbury called The Master of the Faculties Failing of Record FAiling of Record is when an Action is brought against one who pleads any matter of Record and avers to prove it by Record and the Plaintiff saith there is no such Record whereupon the Defendant hath day given him to bring in the Record at which day he fails or brings in such a one as is no Bar to this Action then he is said to fail of his Record and thereupon the Plaintiff shall have Iudgment to recover c. Faint Action Faint Pleading FAint Action as Littleton fol. 154. saith is as much as to say in English a Fained Action that is such Action as though the words of the Writ be true yet for certain causes he hath no title by the Law to recover by the same Action And a false Action is where the words of the Writ are false So Faint Pleading is a covinous false and collusory manner of Pleading to the deceit of a third party And against such Faint Pleading amongst other things the old Statute in 3 E. 1. cap. 29. seems to be made Deed. DEed is a Writing sealed and delivered to prove and testifie the agreement of the party whose Deed it is to the thing contained in the Deed as a Deed of Feoffment is a Proof of the Livery of Seisin for the Land passes by the Livery of Seisin but when the Deed and the Delivery are joyned together that is a proof of the Livery and that the Feoffor is contented that the Feoffee shall have the Land All Deeds are either Indented whereof there are two three or more parts as the ease requires of which the Feoffor Grantor or Lessor hath one the Feoffee Grantee or Lessee another and peradventure some other body a third c. Or else they are Poll Deeđs single and but one which the Feoffee Grantee or Lessee hath c. And every Deed consists of three principal Points without which it is no perfect Deed to bind the parties namely Writing Sealing and Delivery 1. By Writing is shewed the parties Names to the Deed their Dwelling-places their Degrees the Thing granted upon what Considerations the Estate limited the Time when it was granted and whether simply or upon Condition with other such like Circumstances But whether the parties to the Deed write in the end their Names or set to their Marks as it is commonly used it matters not at all as I think for that is not meant where it is said that every Deed ought to have Writing 2. Sealing is a farther Testimony of their Consents to what is contained in the Deed as it appears in these words In Witness whereof c. or to such effect
Law and for not performance thereof no Action lies for Ex nudo Pacto non oritur Actio Nuper obiit NUper obiit is a Writ and it lies where one hath many Heirs that is many Daughters or many Sons if it be in Gavelkind in Kent and dies seised and one Heir enters into all the Land then the others whom he holds out shall have this Writ against the Coheir that is in But a Writ of â— ationabili parte lies in such ca â— e where the Ancestor was once seised and died not seised of the Possession but in Revertion Nusance NUsance is where any Man raises any Wall or stops any Water or doth any thing upon his own Ground to the unlawful hurt or annoyance of his neighbor he that is grieved may have thereof an Assise of Nusance And if he that makes the Nusance aliens the Land to another then this Writ shall be brought against them both as it appears by the Stat. of Westm 2. c. 24. It may be also by stopping Lights in an House or causing water to run over House or Lands for remedy whereof an Action upon the Case or Assise lyeth O. Oblations OBlations are what things soever are offered to God and his Church by pious and faithful Christians Occupant OCcupant Is when a man makes a Lease to another for the Term of the Life of a third person The Lessee dies He who first enters shall hold the land as occupant during the life of the third person To prevent which such Leases are now made to the Lessee his heirs nnd assigns 2 Cro. 554. Co. 6. r. 37. Odio Atia ODio Atia is an old Writ mentioned in the Statute of Westm 1. made in 3 E. 1. cap. 11. and it was directed to the Sheriff to inquire whether a man committed to prison upon Suspicion of Murther were committed upon just cause of Suspicion or for Malice only And if upon an inquisition it were found that he were not guilty then there came another Writ to the Sheriff to bail him But now that course is taken away by the Statute of 28 E. 3. cap. 9. as it appears in Stamford's Pl. of the Crown fol. 77. G. Aud see Coke lib. 9. fol. 56. a. b. Ordael ORdael is as much as to say as Not guilty and was an ancient manner of Trial in Criminal causes for when the Defendant being arraigned pleaded Not guilty he might chuse whether he would put himself upon God and the Country which is upon the Verdict of twelve men as they are at this day or upon God onely and therefore it was called The Judgment of God presuming that God would deliver the innocent and that was if he were of Free estate by Fire that is to say to go bare-footed over nine Plow-shares fire-hot and if he escaped unhurt he should be acquitted and if not then he should be condemned And if the party were of Servile condition then he should be tried by Water which was in divers manners For which see Lambert in the word Ordalium But now this Trial is prohibited by Parliament See Coke lib. 9. fol. 32. b. Ordelfe ORdelfe is where one claims to have the Ore that is sound in his Soil or Ground Ordinary ORdinary is a term of the Civil Law and there signifies any Iudge that hath authority to take Conusance of Causes in his own Right and not by Deputation But in the Common Law it is properly taken for the Bishop of the Diocess who is the true Ordinary to certifie Excommunications lawful Marriages and such Ecclesiastical and Spiritual acts within his Diocess to the Iudges of the Common Law for he is the party to whom the Court ought to write upon such occasions And yet the word Ordinary is usually taken in the Common Law and Statutes for every Commissary or Official of the Bishop or other Iudge Ecclesiastical that hath Iudicial Authority within his Iurisdictio â— as appears in Coke l. 9. Hensloe's C. fol. 36. b. and the Statute of Westm 2. cap. 19. 31 E. 3. cap. 11. and many others Orfgild ORfgild signifies a payment or restoring of Cattel from the Sax. Orf. Pecus and Guild Solut â— o Redditio Ouster le maine OUster le maine is a Writ directed to the Escheator to deliver Seisin or Possession out of the Kings hands unto the party that sues the Writ for that the Lands seised are not holden of the King or for that he ought not to have the wardship of them or for that the Kings Title is determined c. It is also the Iudgement given in a Monstrans de Droit or upon a Traverse or Petition for when it appears upon the matter discussed that the King hath no Right or Title to the thing that he seised then Iudgment shall be given that the Kings hand be amoved and thereupon an Amoveas manum shall be awarded to the Escheator which is as much as if Iudgment were given that the party should have his Lands again And see for this Stamf. Prerog cap. 24. Outfangtheef OUtfangtheef is that Thieves or Felons belonging to your Land or Fee but taken out of it shall be brought back to your Court and there judged Outlary OUtlary See Utlary Owelty OWelty is when there is Lord Mesne and Tenant and the Tenant holds of the Mesne by the same Service that the Mesne holds over of the Lord above him as if the Tenant holds of the Mesne by Homage Fealty and xx s. Rent and the Mesne holds over of the Lord above by Homage Fealty and xx s. Rent also this is called Owelty of Services Hearing of Records and Deeds c. HEaring of Records and Deeds is where an Action of Debt is brought against a man upon an Obligation and the Defendant appears and then prays that he may hear the Obligation wherewith the Plaintiff charges him So it is when Executors bring an Action of Debt and the Defendant demands to hear the Testament upon this demand it shall be read unto him But if it be in another Term or after the Defendant hath imparled then he shall not hear it And so as is said of Deeds is to be understood of Records that are alledged against him But in the Kings Bench the Defendant may at any time before Plea and the Plaintiff have Oyer of Deed and Record See the Title Monstrans de Fait Oyer and Terminer OYer and Terminer is a Writ called in Latine de Audiendo Terminando and it lies where any great or sudden Insurrection is made or any other sudden Trespass which requires hasty Reformation then the King shall direct a Commission to certain Iustices to hear and to determine the same Note that the Iustices of Assise have also one Commission of Oyer and Terminer directed to them and divers other Inhabitants within the Shires whereunto their Circuit extends whereof each of the Iustices of Assise are of the Quorum for the hearing and determining of divers Offences which may
Serjeantie TO hold by Petit Serjeantie is as if a man held Lands or Tenements of the King yielding him a Knife a Buckler an Arrow a Bow without string or other like Service at the will of the first Feoffor and there belongs not Ward Marriage or Relief And mark well that a man may not hold by Grand or Petit Serjeanty but of the King See the Stat. 12. Car. 2. cap. 24. Piccage PIccage is the payment of money or the money paid for the breaking of the ground to set up Booths and Standings in Fairs Picle or Pitle PIcle or Pitle seems to come from the Italian Picco â— o Parvus and signifies with us a little small Close or Inclosure Pillory PIllory is an Engine of punishment ordained by the Statute of 51 H. 3. for the punishment of Bakers but now used for many other Offendors and is called in Latine Collistrigium Pipowders PIpowders is a Court which is incident to every Fair for the determination of differences upon Bargains and disorders therein See more hereof Crom. Jurisd fol. 229. Coke lib. 10. fol. 73. Piscary PIscary is a Liberty of Fishing in another mans waters or his own Placard PLacard is word used in the Statutes of 33 H. 8. cap. 6. 2 3 Ma. cap. 9. and it signifies a Licence to use unlawful Games or to shoot in a Gun Plaintiff PLaintiff is he that sues or complains in an Assise or in an Action personal as in an Action of Debt Trespass Disceit Detinue and such other Pledges PLedges are Sureties either real or formal which the Plaintiff finds to prosecute his suit Pleading PLeadings are all the Sayings of the parties to Suits after the Count or Declaration namely that which is contained in the Bar Replication and Rejoynder and not that contained in the Count it self and therefore defaults in the matter of Count are not comprised within Mispleading or insufficient Pleading nor are remedied by the Statute of Jeofails 32 H. 8. but only the Mispleading or insufficient Pleading committed in the Bar Replication and Rejoynder are there provided for But see those now remedied also by the Statute of 18 Eliz. cap. 13. Plenartie PLenartie is when a Benefice is full directly contrary to Vacation which signifies the being void of a Benefice Stamf. Prerog cap. 8. fol. 32. Plevyn See Replevyn Pluralities PLuralities are where a Uicar or Rector has two or more Ecclesiastical Benefices For which see Stat. 21. H. 8. cap. 13. Policy of Assurance POlicy of Assurance is a course taken by Merchants for the assuring of their Adventures upon the Sea by giving a certain proportion in the Hundred for securing the safe return of the Ship and so much Merchandize as is agreed upon And of this you may read in the Statute of 43 Eliz. cap. 12. Vpon which an Action lies at the common Law or in the Court by the Kings Patent sitting at the Royal Exchange in London the Iudges of which are Civilians common Lawyers and Merchants Pone POne is a Writ whereby a Cause depending in the County-Court is removed into the Common-Pleas See for this Old N. B. fol. 2. a. Pontage POntage is a word mentioned in many Statutes as in Westm 1. cap. 25. 1 H. 8. cap 9. 39 Eliz. cap. 24. and it signifies sometimes the Contribution that is gathered for the Repairing of a Bridge sometimes the Toll paid by the Passengers to that purpose Portgreve See Viscount Portmoot POrtmoot is a word used in the Statute of 43 Eliz. cap. 15. and signifies a Court kept in a Haven-Town Possessio Fratris POssessio Fratris is where a man hath a son and a daughter by one Woman and a son by another Venter and dies the first son enters and dies without Issue the daughter shall have the Land as Heir to her brother although the second son is Heir to the father Litt. Sect. 8. Possession POssession is twofold either actual or in Law Actual Possession is when a man actually enters into lands or tenements to him discended or otherwise Possession in Law is when Lands or Tenements are descended to a man and he hath not as yet really actually and in Deed entred into them And it is called Possession in Law because in the eye and consideration of the Law he is deemed to be in Possession since he is Tenant to every mans Action that will sue concerning the same Lands or Tenements Post diem POst diem is the Return of a Writ after the day assigned for its Return Postd â— sseisin POstdisseisin Look for that before in the Title Assise Postea POstea is the Record of the proceedings upon a Trial by a Writ of Nisi prius which is returned after the Trial by the Iudge before whom it was tried into the Court where the first Suit began to have Iudgment there given upon the Verdict and it is called the Postea because it begins with Postea die loco c. Poundage POundage is a Subsidie to the value of 12 d. in the pound which is granted to the King by every Merchant as well Denizen as Alien for all manner of Merchandize carried out and brought in And of such Subsidies see the Statute 1 2 Ed. 6. cap. 13. 1 Jac. cap. 33. 14 Car. 2. cap. 24. Also by Stat. 29 El. cap. 4. every Sheriff is allowed poundage for levying Debt or Damages by Execution Pounds POunds are in two sorts the one Pound open the other close Pound open is every place wherein a Distress is put whether it be common Pound or Back-side Court Yard Pasture or else whatsoever whereto the Owner of the Distress may come to give them meat without offence for their being there or his coming thither Pound close is such a place where the owner of the Distress may not come to give them meat without offence as in a Close house or whatsoever else place Preamble PReamble takes his name of the preposition prae before and the verb ambulo to go so joyned together they make the compound verb praembulo to go before and hereof the first part or beginning of an Act is called the Preamble of the Act which is a Key to open the minds of the makers of the Act and the mischiefs which they intend to remedy by the same As for example the Statute made at Westm the first the 37 chap. which gives an Attaint the Preamble of which is thus Forasmuch as certain people of the Realm doubt very little to give false Verdicts or Oaths which they ought not to do whereby many people are disherited and lose their right It is provided c. Prebend and Prebendary PRebend and Prebendary are terms often used in our Books and they come of the Latine praebeo Prebend is that portion which every member or Canon of the Cathedral Church receives in right of his place for his maintenance and Prebendary is he that hath such a Prebend Precipe or Praecipe in capite PRecipe in capite
only by the Law that is to say by Escheat Privy in Right is where one possessed of a Term for years grants his Estate to another upon Condition and makes his Executors and dies now these Executors are Privies in Right for if the Condition be broken and they enter into the Land they have it in right of their Testator and to his use Privy of Blood is the Heir of the Feoffor or Donor c. Also if a Fine be levied the Heirs of them that levied the Fine are called Privies Privileges PRivileges are Liberties and Franchises granted to an Office Place Town or Mannor by the Kings great Charter Letter Patents or Act of Parliament as Toll Sake Socke Infangtheef Outfangtheef Tourne Ordelfe and divers such like for which look in their proper titles and places Also there are other privileges which the Law takes notice of that is to say the privileges of the Commons Peers of the Parliament the privileges of Attornies Officers of the Courts at Westm that they shall not be sued or impleaded in another Court but in that where they are Attornies or Officers Procedendo PRocedendo is a Writ that lies where any Action is sued in one Court which is removed to another more high as to the Chancery Kings Bench or Common Place by a Writ of Priviledge or Certiorari and if the Defendant upon the matter shewed have no cause of Priviledge or if the matter in the Bill whereupon the Certiorari issued be not well proved then the Plaintiff shall have this Procedendo to send again the matter unto the first base Court there to be determined Proces PRoces are the Writs and Precepts that go forth upon the Original And in Actions real and personal there are sundry sorts of Proces For in Actions real the Proces i ◠Grand Cape before Appearance Therefore see of that in the 〈◊〉 Petit Cape But in Actions personal as in Debt Trespass or Detinue the Proces is a Distress and if the Sheriff return Nihil habet in Balliva c. then the Proces is Alias Capias and Pluries and an Exigent and they are called Capias ad respondendum Also the Exigent shall be proclaimed five times and if the party do not appear he shall be outlawed But in divers Actions there are divers manners of Proces which at large is declared in N. B. And there are divers other Proces after Appearance when the parties are at Issue to make the Enquest appear as a Writ of Venire facias and if they do not appear at the day then a Writ of Habeas corpora Jurat ' and after a Writ of Dist ◠ingas Jurat ' And there are divers other Proces after Iudgment as Capias ad satisfaciendum and Capias utlagatum c. Capias ad satisfaciendum lies where a man is condemned in any Debt or Dammage then he shall be arrested by this Writ and put in Prison without Bail or Mainprise till he hath paid the Debt and the Dammages Capias utlagatum lies where one is outlawed then he shall be taken by this Writ and put in Prison without Bail or Mainprise for that he had the Law in contempt And there are other Proces and Writs Iudicial as Capias ad valentiam Fieri facias Scire facias and many other and therefore look for them in their Titles Next friend NExt friend is commonly taken for Gardian in Soccage and is where a man seised of Land holden in Socage dies his issue within age of 14 years then the next friend or next of kin to whom the Lands cannot discend shall have the keeping of the Heir and of the Land to the only use of the Heir until he come to the age of 14 years and then he may enter and put the Gardian out and bring him to accompt But in that Accompt he shall be allowed for all reasonable costs and expences bestowed either upon the Heir or his Land The next friend or next of kin to whom the Inheritance cannot discend is thus to be understood If the Lands discend to the Heir from his Father or any of the kin of his Fathers side then the Mother or other of the Mothers side are called the next of kin to whom the Inheritance cannot discend for before it shall so diseend it shall rather escheat to the Lord of whom it is holden And where the Lands come to the Heir from his Mother or any of her side then the Father or other of the Fathers side are called the next of kin to whom the Inheritance cannot discend but shall rather escheat to the Lord of whom it is holden Otherwise Prochein amy is he who appears in any Court for an Infant who sues any Action and aids the Infant to pursue his Suit whereof see the Statutes of Westm 1. cap. 47. and Westm 2. cap. 15. that an Infant may not make an Atturney but the Court may admit the next Friend for the Plaintiff and a Gardian for the Infant Defendant as his Atturney Proclamation PRoclamation is Notice publickly given of any thing whereof the King thinks good to advertise his Subjects so it is used Anno 7. R. 2. c. 6. Proclamation of Rebellion is an open notice given by an Officer that a man not appearing upon a Subpoena or Attachment in the Chancery shall be reputed a Rebell except he render himself at the day assigned Crompt Jurisdict fol. 92. And it is to be noted that no man may make Proclamation but by authority of the King or Majors and such like as have proviledges in Cities and Boroughs so to do or have it by Custom And therefore where an Executor made Proclamations in certain Market-towns that the Creditors should come by a certain day and claim and prove their Debts due by the Testator and because he did this without Authority he was committed to the Fleet and Fined Brook Proclamation 10. Procurator PRocurator is used for him who gathers the Fruits of a Benefice for another man Anno 3 Ric. 2. Stat. 1. cap. 2. Prohibition PRohibition is a Writ that lies where a man is impleaded in the Spiritual Court of a thing that touches not Matrimony nor Testament nor meerly Tithes but the Kings Crown This Writ shall be directed as well to the party as to the Iudge or his Official to prohibit them that they pursue no farther But if it appear afterward to the Iudges temporal that the matter is fit to be determined in the Spiritual Court and not in the Court Temporal then the party shall have a Writ of Consultation commanding the Iudges of the Court Spiritual to proceed in the first Plea Also there are many other Prohibitions to the Admiralty and to other Courts of Common-Law if they exceed their power Properite PRopertie is the highest Right that a man hath or can have to any thing which no way depends upon another mans courtesie And this none in this Kingdom can be said to have in any Lands or
c. 10. f. 74. a. Purveyors PUrveyors were ancient Officers to provide Victuals for the King which Office is mentioned in the Statute 28 E. 1. cap. 2. 36 E. 4. cap. 6. 14 E. 3. cap. 19. But it is abolished by the Stat. 12 Car. 2. cap. 24. Q. Quadrantata terrae QUadrantata terrae is the fourth part of an Acre Quae plura QUae plura is a Writ that lies in case where the Escheator hath found an Office after the death of the Kings Tenant virtute officii and hath not found all the Lands of which he died seised then this Writ shall issue in nature of a Melius inquirendo to find what Lands he had more See F. N. B. f. 255. a. Quale jus QUale jus is a Writ that lies where an Abbot Prior or such other should have Iudgment to recover Land by Default of the Tenant against whom the Land is demanded then before Iudgment given or Execution awarded this Writ shall go forth to the Escheator to enquire what right he hath to recover And if it be found that he hath not right then the Lord who should have the Land if the Tenant had aliened in Mortmain may enter as into Land aliended in Mortmain for this losing by Default is like an Alienation See the Stat. Westm 2. c. 32. But where one will give Lands to a House of Religion an Ad quod damnū shall go forth to the Escheator to enquire of what value the Land is and what prejudice is shall be to the King Quare ejecit infra terminum QUare ejecit infra terminum is a Writ that lies where one makes a Lease to another for term of years and the Lessor infeoffs another and the Feoffee puts out the Termour then the Termour shall have this Writ against the Feoffee But if another stranger put out the Termour then he shall have a Writ De ejectione firmae against him And in these two Writs he shall recover the term and his dammages Quare impedit QUare impedit is a Writ that lies where I have an Addowson and the Parson dies and another presents a Clerk or disturbs me to present then I shall have the said Writ But Assise de darrein presentment lies where I or my ancestors have preseuted before And where a man may have art Assise de darrene presentment he may have a Quare impedit but not contratiwise Also if the Plea be depending between two parties and be not discussed within fix moneths the Bishop may present by Lapse and he that hath right to present shall recover his dammages as appears by the Statute of Westm 2. c 5. And if he that hath right to present after the death of the Parson brings no Quare impedit nor Darreine presentment but suffers a stranger to usurp upon him yet he shall have a Writ of right of Advowson But this Writ lies not unless he claim to have the Advowson to him and his heirs in Fee Quare incumbravit QUare incumbravit is a Writ that lies where two are in Plea for the Advowson and the Bishop admits the Clerk of one of them within the six moneths then he shall have this Writ against the Bishop But this Writ lies always depending the Plea Quare intrusit Matrimonio non satisfacto QUare intrusit Matrimonio non satisfacto is a Writ that lies where the Lord profers convenable Marriage to his Ward and he refuses and enters into the Land and marries himself to another then the Lord shall have this Writ against him Quare non admifit QUare non admifit is a Writ that lies where a man hath recovered an Advowson and sends his convenable Clerk to the Bishop to be admitted and the Bishop will not receive him then he shall have the said Writ against the Bishop But a Writ of Ne admittas lies where two are in Plea if the Plaintiff suppose the Bishop will admit the Clerk of the Defendant then he may have this Writ to the Bishop commanding him not to admit him hanging the Plea Quarels QUarels is derived from Querendo and extends not only to Actions as well real as personal but also to the Causes of Actions and Suits so that by the Release of all Quarels not only Actions depending in Suit but Causes of Action and Suit also are released and Quarels Controversies and Debates are words of one sense and of one and the same signification Coke lib. 8. fol. 153. Quarentine QUarentine is where a man dies seised of a Mannour-place and other Lands whereof the Wife ought to be endowed then the woman may abide in the Mannour-place and there live of the store and profits thereof the space of sorty days within-which time her Dower shall be assigned as it appears in Magna Charta cap. 6. Que estate QUe estate is a term in pleading to avoid prolixity as if a man pleads a feoffment in fee to A. cujus statum idem B. modo habet and no one can plead it but Tenant of the Fee nor can it be pleaded of things which pass meerly by grant as Advowsons Franchises c. Quid juris clamat QUid juris clamat is a Writ that lies where I grant the Reversion of my Tenant for life by Fine in the Kings Court and the Tenant will not attorn then the Grantee shall have this Writ to compel him But a Writ of Quem redditum reddit lies where I grant by Fine a Rent charge or another Rent which is not Rent service which my Tenant holds of me and the Tenant will not attorn then the Grantee shall have this Writ And a Writ of Per quae servitia lies in like case for Rent service Also if I grant four divers Rents to one man and the Tenant of the Land attourns to the Grantee by payment of a peny or of a half peny in the name of Attournment of all the Rents this Attournment shall put him in seisin of all the Rent But these three Writs ought to be brought against those who are Tenants at the day of the Fine levied and against no other Fifteenth FIfteenth is a Payment granted in Parliament to the King by the Temporalty namely the fifteenth part of their goods And it was used in ancient time to be levied upon their Cattel going in their grounds which thing was very troublesome and therefore now for the most part that way is altered and they use to levie the same by the Yard or Acre or other measure of Land by means whereof it is now less troublesome and more certain than before and every Town and Country know what sum is to be paid among them and how the same shall be raised We read that Moses was the first that numbred the people for he numbred the Israelites and the first Tax Subsidy Tribute or Fifteenth was invented by him among the Hebrews as Polydore Virgil thinks Quit claim QUit claim is a Release or Acquitting of a man for any Action that he
and not retornable And if the Sheriff do it not then there shall go forth another Writ Sicut alias and afterward another Writ Sicut pluries vel causam nobis significes which shall be retornable And if the Sheriff yet make no Replevin then there shall issue an Attachment directed to the Coroners to attach the Sheriff and to bring him before the Iustices at a certain day and farther that they make execution of the first Writ Replication REplication is when the Defendant in any Action makes an Answer and the Plaintiff replies to that that is called the Replication of the Plaintiff Reprises REprises are Deductions Payments and Duties that go yearly and are paid out of a Mannor as Rent chare Rent seck Pensions Corrodies Annuities Fees of Stewards or Bailiffts and such like Reprieve REprieve comes from the French Repris that is taken back so that to reprieve is properly to take back or suspe â— d a Prisoner from the Execution and proceedings of the Law for that time Requests REquests is a Court held in the Kings Palace before the Master of the Requests by Petition and it seems is a Court of Equity Rere County REre County is a word used in the Statutes of Westm 2. cap. 39. and 2 E. 3. c. 5. and seems by those Statutes to be some publick place which the Sheriff appointed for the receiving of the Kings mony after his County Court was done Resceit REsceit is when any Action is brought against the Tenant for term of life or years and he in the Reversion comes in and prays to be received to defend the Land and plead with the Demandant And when he comes it behoves that he be alway ready to plead with the Demandant In the same manner a Wife shall be received for the default of her Husband in an Action brought against them both And Tenant for years shall be received to defend his Right where in an Action brought against the Tenant of the Free-hold he pleads faintly Rescous REscous is a Writ that lies when any man takes a Distress and another takes it again from him and will not suffer him to carry the Disress away this is a Rescous upon which he may have this Writ and shall recover dammages Also if one distrain Beasts for dammage Feasant in his Ground and drives them in the High way to Impound them and in going they enter into the House of the owner and he withholds them there and will not suffer the other to impound them that withholding is a Rescous Also if a Sheriff takes my Debtor by an Execution or by mesne Process and J. S. rescue him out of the Custody of the Sheriff I may have an Action of Rescous against J. S. for this wrong and recover Dammages and Debt Reservation REservation is taken divers ways and hath divers natures As sometimes by way of exception to keep that which a man had before in him As if a Lease be made for years of Ground reserving the great Trees growing upon the same now the Lessee may not meddle with them nor with any thing that comes of them so long as it abides in or upon the Trees as Mast of Oak Chesnut Apples or such like but if they fall from the Trees to the ground then they are by right the Lessees for the Ground is let to him and all thereupon not reserved c. Sometimes a Reservation doth produce and bring forth another thing which was not before As if a man Lease his Lands reserving yearly for the same xxli c. And divers other such Reservations there be And note that in ancient time their Reservations were as well in Victuals whether Flesh Fish Corn Bread Drink or what else as in Money until at last and that chiefly in the Reign of King Henry 1. by agreement the Reservation of Victuals was changed into ready Money as it hath hitherto continued Residence REsidence comes from the Latine Residere and is all one with Resiance but that this word Residence is oftner appropriated to the Continuance of a Parson or Vicar upon his Church or Benefice and so it is used in the Statute of 28 H. 8. cap. 13. Resignation REsignation is where an Incumbent of a Church resigns or leaves it to the Ordinary who did admit him to it or to his Successors which differs from Surrender since by that he to whom the Resignation is made hath no interest in the thing so resigned but he to whom the Surrender is made hath by that the thing it self Restitution REstitution is when a Iudgment is reversed by Error then a Writ of Restitution shall issue to restore to the Defendant in the Action what he hath lost And there is a Writ of restitution of stolen goods upon conviction of the Thief which is made at the Sessions or Assises on the Statute of 21 H. 8. 11. Noy rep 128. Resummons REsummons is a Second Summons of a man to answer an Action where the first Summons is defeated by the Demise of the King or such other cause And of this see Coke lib. 7. fol. 29. b. Also if a Terr-tenant returned upon a Scire facias or Defendant in another Action plead non-age and the Plea stays until c. When he comes of full age the Plaintiff upon a suggestion may have a Scire facias or resummons And so when a Plea is staid by pleadiny Protection Excommunication or such other disability Resumption REsumption is a word used in the Statute of 31 H 6. c. 7. and is there taken for the Taking again into the Kings hands such Lands or Tenements as upon false suggestion or other error he had made Livery of to an Heir or granted by Patent to any man Retraxit REtraxit is the Preterperfect tense of Retraho to pull back and is when the party Plaintiff or Demandant comes in proper person into the Court where his Plea is and saith he will not proceed any farther in the same c. this will be a Bar to the Action for ever Reve or Reeve REeve is an Officer more known in ancient time then at this day for almost every Mannor had then a Reeve and yet still in many Copyhold-Mannors where the old custom prevails the name and office is not altogether forgotten And it is in effect that which now every Bayliff of a Mannor practises although the name of Bayliff was not then in use amongst us being siuce brought in by the Normans But the name of Reeve anciently called Greeve which Particle Ge in continuance of time was altogether left out and lost came from the Saxon word Geresa which signifies a Ruler And so indeed his Rule and Authority was large within the compass of his Lords Mannor and among his men and Tenants as well in matters of Government in peace and war as in the skilful use and trade of Husbandry For as he did gather his Lords Rents pay Reprises or Duties issuing out of the Manor set the Servants
appiert in le Record que est ascun matter apparaÌ„t pur que le Brief doit estre abate donque le Defendant ou ascÌ„ auter person ut amicus Curiae poiet bien plede monstre ceo in Arrest de Judgment Veies les titles de Brief Misnosmer Variance en les Abridgements le Livre appel Les Digests del Briefs en queux cest matter especialment est fort bien entreat Sont auxi auters matters queux abate stay actions Briefs cestaseavour Variance ent ' Brief Count. Si le Plaintiff soit Alien Enemy Titulo Alien Pur default de nosmer le Defendant de quel Vil ou Trade ou degree il est ou le Suit est per Brief Que le Feme Plaintiff est covert devant ou pendant la Suit Que le Plaintiff ad auter Action pendant pur mesme le cause Que le Brie â— est date devant le Action accrue Pur ceo que le â—â— fendant doit estre sue euauter Court de quel il est Attorney ou Officer Pur ceo que la ter ' est ancient demesne Que le matt ' en Suit fuit fait sur le haut mere en quel case l' Admiral ad Jurisdiction Ceux cases suisdits n' abate le Brief ou Action mes suspend le prosecution pur temps Si le Plaintiff en Action personel soit utlage ou convict de Recusancy o â— excomenge Sur Scire facias versus Ter-tenants pur debt plea que sont auters Tenant queux ouÌ„t terrs liable a mesme le debt queux ne sont return siay proceeding tanque sont auxi return Causes de Abatement de Brief ou Plaint Fault de sufficient ou bone matter Le matter nest certainment alledge Plaintiff Defendant ou Lieu. misnosme Variance enter Brief Specialty ou Record Uncertainty del Brief Count ou Declaration Mort Plaintiff ou Defendant Abatement en Terres ABatement en Terres ou Tenements est quant un hom ' morust seisie de ter ' ou Tenements un que nad droit entra en mesmes devaÌ„t le Heir cest Entry d'luy est appel un Abatement il un Abator Mes si le Heir enter primes apres le mort de son Ancestor le auter enter sur le possession del Heir cest dernier entry estun disseism al Heir Vide livre de Entries fol. 63. c. 205. d. 519. c. lou cest AbatmeÌ„t est appel en Latin Intrusio Et jeo extend destre melius d' appel ceo en Latin Interpositio ou Intratio per interpositionem de fair difference enter ceo parol Intrusion puis le mort de le Tenant pur vie Abbe ABbe fuit le Sovereign Teste ou Principale de ceux Measons queux quant ils estoient fueroÌ„t appel Abbeys cest Abbe ove les Moigns de mesme le Meason queux fueront appel le Covent fiere un Corporal ' Et tiel Soveraign de ascun tiel Meason ne serra charge pur le Act de son Predecessor sil ne soit per common Seal â— e pur tiel chose que vient al use de son Meason Auxy uÌ„ Abbe ne serra charge pur le det en que son Commoign fuit en det devant son entre en Religion mesque le Creditor ad de ceo un especialty si non que il avoit devenus al use d' son Meason mes les Executors del Commoigne serra charge ove ceo Vide que ceo en le Abridgment mesme title desouth quel veies coment ascuns de ceux fueront elective ascuns presentative coment fueront Prefects lour authority Et en cel title sont auxy comprehend touts auters Corporations Spiritual come Prior son Covent Friers Canons Dean Chapter Abettors ABettors sont in divers cases diversment prise Un kind de Abbetters sont ceux que maliciousment sans droit cause ou desert procur ' aut ' de suer faux Appeals de Murder ou Felony envers homes al entent de troubler griever eux pur fair eux en infamy slander Abettors en Murd ' sont ceux que command procur ' counsel ou comfort aut ' de Murder Et en ascun case tiel Abettors serront prise come Principals en ascun case forsque come Accessories Issint en auter Felonies Et lour presence a le chose fait lour absence d'la fuit uÌ„ difference en le case Il y ad Abettors auxy en Treason mes ils sont come Principals car en Treason il ny ad ascun Accessories Vies pluis de ceo en le Livre appelle Les Pleas del Co â— one compile per le tres reverend Judge Sir W. Stamf. en les titles de Accessor â— es Damages en appeal Abeyance ABeyance est quant un Lease est fait pur Term de vie le Remainder al droit Heirs de J. S. que est en vie al temps del Grant ore Per cest Grant le Remainder passa hors del Grantor maintenaÌ„t unc ' il ne vesta maintenant ne prist effect en le Grantee cest a dire le droit Heir d' J S. mes est dit destre en abeyance cu come les Logiciens appelle ceo in potentia ou in intellectu come nous dicimus in nubibus cestascavoir en le consideration de Ley Que si J. S. morust ayant un droit Heir en vie vivant le Lessee pur vie donques ceo est un bone Remainder a ore veste vient en le dit droit Heir en tiel sort que il poit grant forfeit ou auterment dispose ceo cessa destre ore en abeyance pur ceo que il est un a ore de ability pur preÌ„der ceo pur ceo que J. S. est mort ad relinquish un droit Heir en vie le quel ne poit estre vivant J. S. car durant son vie nul poit ê“ê‘meÌ„t eeÌ„ dit son Heir Item si un hom ' soit patron dun Esglis present aut ' a ceo or est le Fees des ter ' ou TenemÌ„ts perteignant al Rectory en le Parson mes si le Parson morust le Esglise est devenus void donque est le Fee en abeyance tanque il soit un novel Parson present admit induct car le Patron nad le Fee mes solement le droit de presenter le Fee est en le Incumbent que est present puis son mort il nest en ascun mes en Abeyance tanque il soit un novel Incumbent come est avant dit Vies Litt ' Lib 3. c. 11. fo 145. Perk. fo 12. Abishersing ABishersing en ascun Copies Mishersing est quiet ' esse de Amerciamentis coram quibuscunque de Transgressione probata Abjuration ABjuration est un Serement
ann 34 E. 1. Stat. 1. agree ove cest account Action ACtion est le forme de un Suit doÌ„e per le Ley de recover chose come ActioÌ„ de Dett tielx semblabe ou come est Co. 8. f. 151. a. Actio est jus prosequendi in judic ' quod alicui debetur Vide Lexicon juris pur Action Action del Brief ACtion del Brief est un phrase del parlance use quant un plead ascun matter per que il monstre que le Plaintiff nad cause daver le BreÌ„ qÌ„ il port uncÌ„ poit estre qÌ„ il poit aver aurer Brief ou Action pÌ„ mesme le matter Tiel Plea est appel Plea al Action del Brief lou si ê‘ la Plea appiert qÌ„ le Plaint ' naveroit ascÌ„ cause de aver ascun Action pur le chose demand donques ceo serra ult Plea al Action Action sur le Case ACtion sur le case est Brief port envers un pur ascun offence fait sans force come pÌ„ nient ê‘formaÌ„ce del Promise fait ê‘ le DefendaÌ„t al Plaintiff ou pur parlance des parols ê‘ queux le Plaintiff est defame ou pur aut ' misdemeanor ou deceit lou tout le case serra contenus en le Brief Trover Nusance Slander de person Trade de Title Escape fur mesne process pÌ„ negligent garder de son feu pur inartificiasmÌ„t performando opera pro divertendo antiquum cursum aquae pro Commoner vers un qÌ„ foder le soil del Common ou enjetta ses avers en ceo sance droit on inclose parcel de le Common Action mixt ACtion mixt est un Suit done per le Ley de recover le chose demand demages pÌ„ le tort fait come en Assise de nov ' disseisin Quel BreÌ„ si le Disseissor fait FeostmÌ„t al auter le Disseissee avera vers le Diseissior le Feoffee ou aut ' ter-tenaÌ„t en ceo recovera son Seisin del terÌ„ ses damages pÌ„ le mean ê“fits pÌ„ le tort a â—â— uy fait Et issint est un Action Ä‘ Wast Quare impedit Mes uÌ„ Action de Detinue nest appel Action mixt comment ê‘ ceo le chose detenus est demand serra recover si poit eeÌ„ trove damages pÌ„ le detainÌ„ si ne poit estre trove donque damages pÌ„ la chose le detainer Mes ceo est appel solement Action personal que serra port solement pur biens ou Chattels ou Charters Action sur le Statute ACtion sur le Statute est Brief foundu sur ascun Statute lou per ascun Statute Action est done a un en ascun case lou nul tiel Action fuit devant Come lou un commit Perjury al prejudice duÌ„ auter celuy qÌ„ est damnifie avera Brief sur le Statute son Case Et le difference enter ActioÌ„ sur le Statute Action popular est Que lou le Statute done le Suit ou ActioÌ„ al party grieve ou auterment a un person certain ceo est appel Action sur le Statute Mes lou per le Statute authority est done a chescun que voile de suer ceo est appel Action popular Actions personal ACtions personal sont tiels Actions ê‘ queux home claime dette ou auter biens chateux ou damag ' pÌ„ eux ou damage pÌ„ tort fait a son ê‘son est properment ceÌ„ qÌ„ eÌ„ le Civil Ley est appel Actio in personam quae adversus eum intenditur qui ex Contractu vel Delicto obligatus est aliquid dare vel concedere Action popular ACtion popular est un ActioÌ„ que est done sur le breach dascun penal Statute le quel Action chescun home que voit polt suer per luy mesme le Roy per information ou auterment come le Statute allow le case require Et â— ceux Actions il y ad infinite number mes un pur example est Quant ascun del Jury que sont impannel jurus de passer perenter party party indifferentment prist ascun chose de lun part ou lauter ou de ambideux parties pur lour Verdict dire al ceo part donques ascun homÌ„ qÌ„ voit deins lan procheine ensuant le offence poit suer un â— rief appel Decits tantum envers luy ou ceux que issint prist pÌ„ lour Verdict dire Et pur ceo qÌ„ cest Action nest done al un home specialment mes generalmÌ„ al ascun des le people del Roy qÌ„ voit suer il est appel uÌ„ Act popular Mes en cel case quaÌ„t uÌ„ avoit comÌ„ence â— pÌ„suer cel Act ' nul aut ' point cÌ„ suer eÌ„ cÌ„ coÌ„e seeÌ„ cel vaty â— l act ' popul ' ê‘ le civil ley Actions real ACtions real sont tiels Actions ê‘ queux le DemaÌ„daÌ„t claime title al ascun TerÌ„s ou Tenements Rents ou CoÌ„moÌ„s en fee-simple fee-tail ou pÌ„ terme Ä‘ vie ChescuÌ„ ActioÌ„ real est ou possessorÌ„ cestascavoir de son possession ou seisin demesne ou ancestrel 〈◊〉 del seisin ou possession de son ancestor Co. l. 6. f. 3. Acts. ACts Ä‘ Parliament sont Leys positive que consist de deux parts cest adire de les parolx del Act del sense â— ceo ils ambideux jonyt ensemble font la Ley. Additions ADdition est ceo que est done al home ouster son proper nosme surnosme ceÌ„ adire pÌ„ monstrer de quel Estate Degree ou Mystery il est de quel Vill Hamlet ou County AdditioÌ„s Ä‘Estate soÌ„t ceux Yeoman Gentleman Esquire tiels samblables AdditioÌ„s Ä‘ degree sÌ„ot ceux qÌ„ nous appelomus nosmes Ä‘ Dignity come Chivaller Count Marquess Duc. Additions de Mystery sont ceux ScrivenÌ„ Painter Mason Carpent ' touts aut's Ä‘ seÌ„blable nature car Mystery est le craft ou occupation ê‘ que home gain son living AdditioÌ„ Ä‘ Villes coÌ„e Sale Dale issint de les auters Et lou un home ad houshold en deux lieux il serra dit demurrer en ambideux issint que son Addition en un de eux suffist Fuit ordeine per le Statute An. 1 H 5. c. 5. que en Suits ou Actions ou process Ä‘ Utlagary gist tiels Additions serra nosme del Defend ' a declarer son estate mystery lieu ou il inhabit que tiels Briefs abateront sils ne ount tiels Additions si le Defendant prist exception a ceo mes ils ne abateront ê‘ office del Court Auxy Duke MarqÌ„ss CouÌ„te ou Chivaler ne sont pas de ceux AdditioÌ„s mes nosmes â— Dignity queux duisloint aver estre done devant le Statute Et ceo fuit ordeine per le dit Statute al intent que un home ne serroit grieve ne trouble per le Utlegarie de un auter Mes que per reason â— le certain Addition chescun home poit
punishable pÌ„ quel nul expresse penalty est prescribe per Statute Poies veier le form de lour SeremÌ„t en Kitch so 46. Si les Jurors en un Leet recevont les Articles esteant command a respon â— al eux present ils refuse isint a faire donque ils serront amercie uncore l' AmerciamÌ„t de chescun Juior serra affeere solonque a son offence Issint en Assise â— Novel disseisin touts les Disseisors serront amercie chescun serÌ„a affeera ê‘ luy Mes si un Ville soit amercie la l' AffeerÌ„ace serÌ„a general car la nest ascÌ„ certain person nosmÌ„ come en les cases ê‘avant dit Et si un Jury en un Leet taxe un amerciamÌ„t ceo suffist sans ascÌ„ AffeermÌ„t car le AmerclamÌ„t est le act del Court le AffeermÌ„t le act del Jury Co. lib. 8. f. 39 40. b. Affiance AFfiance est le plight del foy ent ' home feme sur un Agreement dun Marriage deeÌ„ sclemnize ent ' eux affidare de quel cest parol est derive est tant a dire come fidem ad alium dare Et cest parol Assiance est use per Littleton Chap. de Dower Sect. 39. Afforest AFforest est converter terre en Forest Charta de Forest cap. 1. 30. An. 9 H. 3. Affray AFfray venust del parol Francois effrayer que signifie terrere sive horrificare issint un Affray poit estre sans parol ou buffe done issint cest parol est use eÌ„ile Stat ' â— North. 2. E. 3. c. 3. Mes en nostre livres cÌ„ parol est plus foits confound ove le parol Assault come appiert per Lambert en son Eirenarch lib. 1. c. 17. Mes uncore come est la dit ils differont en ceo qÌ„ un Assault nest forsque un tort al party mes un Affray est un tort al bien publique pur ceo un Affray est inquirable punishable en uÌ„ Leet Auxy un Assault est fait plus tost forsque sur lun part mes un Affray est le combatre de plusors ensemble Age prier AGE prier est quant Action est port vers un Enfant de Terre que il ad ê‘ discent la il monstra le matter al Court prayera que le Action demur tanque a son plein age de 21 ans issint ê‘ agarde de Court le Suit surcessera Mes en Brief de Dower en Assise auxy en tiels Actions lou le Infant est suppose a vener al Terre en demand de son tort demesne il navera sa age Auxy nota que sont plusors diversities de Ages Car le Seignior avera aide de son Tenant en Socage pur marrier sa file quant la file est del age de sept ans aide pur faire son fits heir Chivaler quant il est del age de sept ans Feme que est Espouse al age de 9 ans si sa baron morust seisie avera Dower nemy devant Auxy 14 ans est le age de feme que ne serra en Gard si el fuit de tiel age al temps del mort son Ancestor mes si el fuit deins age de 14 ans en Gard son Seignior donques el serra en Gard tanque al age de 16 ans Et 21 ans est le age de Heir male destre en Gard apres ceo hors de Gard. Et auxy il est le age Ä‘ male female de suer destrÌ„ sue des Terres que ils ont claimÌ„ per descent Ä‘ faire touts manners de Contracts Bargains nient dev â— nt m s si tiel enfant deins age de 21 ans donÌ„ ses biens le Donee eux prist le enfant poit aver un Action de Trespass mes auterment il est sil deliver eux Vide Coke l. 3. fol. 13. a. l. 6. f 3. Agent Patient AGent Patient est quant un home est le feasor de un chose le partie a que il est fait come lou fe â—Ì„â— endow luy mesme de la pluis belle part de possession de sa baron Issint si home ad dixe livers issuant hors de certain terÌ„ il disseise le Tenant del terÌ„ en Assise port ê‘ le Disseisee le Disseisor recoupera le Rent en le Damages issint que ou le mesne ê“fits del terÌ„ en tiel case fueront al value â— 13 livres le Disseisee recovera forsque trois livres Auxy si un home endette a un auter puis fait le partie a que il est issint endette son Executor morust le Executor poit retain tant des biens del mort en ses mains come son Dette demesne amountera ê‘ ceo deteiner il â— st le Agent le Patient cesiacavoir le partie a que le Dette est due le partie que ceo paya Mes home ne serra judge en son cause demesne comÌ„ est resolve Cok. lib. 8. fo 118. en Bonhams Case Que les Censors ne povent estre Judges Ministers Parties Judges a doner sentence ou judgment Ministers a fair summons Partie de aver le moiety del forfeiture Et comÌ„t qÌ„ Act de ParliamÌ„t done a ascÌ„ a tener ou de aver conusans de touts manners des Pleas devant luy surdaÌ„t deins son Mannor de D uncore il tenerÌ„ nul Plea a qÌ„ il mesme est party Quia iniquam est aliquem suae rei esse juaicem Agist AGist semble de vener del Francois giser i. jacere ou del g â— ster i. stabulari un parol ê“per as Dames pÌ„ ceo Budaeus lib. poster Philologiae dit qÌ„ Gist idem est quod Lustr ' vel Cub â— le Et Agist en norÌ„e ComÌ„on Ley signifie Ä‘ preÌ„der eins de pasture les avers dun estranger deias les Forests le Roy pÌ„ ceo les Officers en le Forest qÌ„ en tiel manner prent eins avers collect les deniers pÌ„ le pasturage â— eux sont appelle Agistors le pasturage herbage de avers est appel Agistment qÌ„ en un large signification extend al touts manÌ„ers del ComÌ„on del Herbage de ascun kind Ä‘ terÌ„ ou bois ou les deniers que sont due receive pur ceo cybien hors de Forests come deins eux Vide Manw. Forest leys cap. 11. fo 80. Agreement AGreement est en cest manner define ou expounde en Plowden's Commentaries Aggreamentum est compound de deux parolx cestascavoir de Aggregatio Mentium cest adire Agreement de ments Issint qÌ„ Aggreamentum est Aggregatio mentium in re aliqua facÌ„ta vel facienda ê‘ le contraction de les deux parolx Aggregatio Mentium ê‘ le corrupt brief
ViscÌ„ a â— mitter l â— y de aler a mainprise sur bone Surety fil ne soit notorious Felon comÌ„t qÌ„ il ne soit 〈◊〉 bone fame Fitz. N. B. 250. d. Approvers le Roy. APprovers le Roy sont ceux que ont le demiser des Demeans le Roy deins petits Manors le Roy pur le plus availe le Roy. Et des tiels Approvers poies veier en le Stat. 2. E. 3. c. 12. que fueroÌ„t homes mises en divers Counties pÌ„ encrease les Farmes des Hundreds Wapentakes Et est a veier en le Stat. 1 E. 3. c. 8. que les ViscÌ„ appel eux mesmes les Approvers le Roy. Arbitement ARbitrement est un Award Determination ou Judgement quel un ou plusors sont al request de deux parties al meines pur sur ascun Det Trespass ou auter Controversie ewe â— enter eux Et cest appel en Latin Arbitratus Arbitrium ils que font le Award ou Arbitrement sont appel Arbitri en Anglois Arbitrators A chescÌ„ Arbitrement cinqÌ„ choses sont incident sc Matter de Controversie Submission Parties al Submission Arbitors Render suis del Arbitrement Dier 217. pl. 60. Si l' Arbitrement soit fait qÌ„ lun partie alera quit de touts Actions que lauter ad vers luy riens est dit des Actions que il ad vers lauter cest Arbitrement est void pÌ„ ceo que fuit fair de lun part nemy de lauter 7 H. 6. c. 40. Quant un Submission a un ArbitremÌ„t est general 〈◊〉 touts Actions c. le Arbitrat ' fait un Award solement de un uncore ceo bien poit estoyer ove le generality des parols qÌ„ la ne fuit forsque un Cause dependant â— ent ' eux car Generale nihil certi implicat Et si le ArbitremÌ„t serroit pÌ„ ceo avoid donques plusors ArbitremÌ„ts poient eeÌ„ void car lun poit conceal un Trespass fait ou aut ' cause de Action done a luy issint avoid l' ArbitremÌ„t Auxy nul party al ascÌ„ ArbitremÌ„t serÌ„â— ceo lye finon 〈◊〉 le Agard foit a luy deliver coe est Cok. l. 5. f. 103. Vide Cok. l. 8. f. 98. Arches ARches sive Curia de Arcubus est le principal plus aÌ„cient Consistory qÌ„ apâ— tain al Archevesque de Can. est appel de les Arches del E â— glise lou le dit Court est tenus viz. Ecclesia B. Mariae de Arcub e Londres Et de cest Court mention est fait en Stat 24 H. 8. c. 12. touchant Appeals Arms. ARmes en le intelligence del Ley est extend a toutes choses qÌ„ un home en son ire ou furie prend en sa main pur jetter ou ferier un autre Crom. Just P. f. 65. a. Array ARray est le disposing ou ordering du Jury ou Enquest de homÌ„s qÌ„ sont impannel sur ascÌ„ cause 18 H. 6. c. 14. de qÌ„ veint le verb al arrayer un Pannel Vet. N. B. f. 157. cest adire a mitter hors un â— aut ' les homes qÌ„ sont impanel Le Array serra quash ib. Per Statute chescÌ„ Array en Assise devoit destrÌ„ fait quater jours devant Brook tit Panel num 10. A challenge le Array Kitch 92. Arrain ARrain est a mitter un chose en or â— ou en son lieu SicomÌ„ il est dit arrain un BreÌ„ de Novel Disseisin en un County en que il devoit estre port 〈◊〉 trial devant les Justices de cel Cireuit Vit. N. B. fol. 109. Et en tiel sense Litt. ad use mesme l' parol le Lessee arraignÌ„ un Assise de Novel Disseisin Auxy un prisonÌ„ est dit destre arraignÌ„ quant il est indict mis a son trial Arrerages ARrerages sont Duties arere nient pay apres le jours temps en que ils fueront dues doyent aver estre payes soyent ils Rents de Manor ou ascun auter chose reserve Arrest ARest est quant un est pris restrain a son liberty Nul serra arrest pÌ„ Det Trespass Detinue ou auter cause de Action mes 〈◊〉 vertue dun Precept ou ComÌ„andment hors de ascÌ„ Court Mes pÌ„ Treason Felonie ou debruser del Peace chescÌ„ homÌ„ ad auctoritie â— arrester sans Garrantie on Precept Et lou serra arrest pÌ„ Felonie il covient qÌ„ ascun Felonie soit fait que il soit suspect de mÌ„ le Felonie ou auterment il poit aver envers luy que issmt luy arrest uÌ„ Brief 〈◊〉 faux Imprisonment Et quant ascÌ„ hoÌ„e est arrest pur Felonie il serra amesne a le Goale la a demurre tanque al ê“chein Session pÌ„ estre indict ou deliver 〈◊〉 Proclamation Arretted ARretted est cestuy qÌ„ est appel devant ascun Judge charge ove un crime Asc foits cest use pur impute ou laid unto Sicome nul folly puit estre arret a luy que est deins age Lit. cap. Remit Cest parol poit vener 〈◊〉 Latin parol Rectus car Bracton ad cest Phrase ad rectum habere malefactorem issint que il poit estre charge mis a son trial Et en aut ' lieu il dit Rectatus de morte hominis Assach ASsach semble estre un British parol signifie un estrange espece 〈◊〉 Excuse ou Purgation per les Sacraments de trois cents homes An. 1. H. c. 5. Assart ASsart est un offence commit en le Forest per attachment le Boys que sont thickets ou coverts del Forest 〈◊〉 feasance de eux cy plain comÌ„ le terÌ„ arable Cest Assart del Forest est pluis graÌ„d offence ou trespass qÌ„ puit estrÌ„ fait en le Forest al Vert ou Venison conteignont en ceo Wast ou pluis Car ou Waste del Forest nest forsqÌ„ le felling succiding del Covert Boys qÌ„ poit en temps recrescer un Assart est un arrachmÌ„t 〈◊〉 le root 〈◊〉 qÌ„ ils ne unques poieÌ„t crescer Manw. part 2. cap. 9. n â— 1. Un Brief 〈◊〉 Ad quod dampnum poit estre agard lou un home voile sue pur un licence dassart son terÌ„ deins le forest faire cÌ„ Several pur Agriculture issint que nest ascÌ„ offence sil soit fait per licence Regist orig f. 257. Assault ASsault du Francois Assaillir signifie un violent facoÌ„n de Injurie offer a la person de un hoÌ„e 〈◊〉 un nature plus exteÌ„due qÌ„ Battery per ceo qÌ„ il poit estre coÌ„mis en offrant un coup ou 〈◊〉 les parols menaceants Lamb. Eiren. l. 1. cap. 3. Assayer ASsayer est un Officer del Mint appoint per le Statute 2 H. 6. c. 12. destre present al receit del BullioÌ„ come un party indifferent enter le Master del Mint de le Merchant pur determine le uray value
de Audience est un CurÌ„ appertient al Archevesque de Canterbury de legal authority avec le Curia de Arches bien qÌ„ inferieur en digni â— y antiquity De quel vous pois lire pluseurs en un Livre entitule De antiquitate Ecclesiae Britannicae Historia Audita Querela AUdita Querela est un Brief que gist lou un est oblige en un Estatute-Merchant Estatute-Staple ou Recognisance on lou JudgmÌ„t est done vers luy pÌ„ Dett son corps en Execution sur cÌ„ donques sil ad un Releas ou aut ' sufficient matter destrÌ„ discharge del Execution mes nad jour en Court de ceo pleader donques il avera cest Brief vers cestuy que ad recover ou vers ses Executors Auditeur Auditeur est un Officer del Roy ou del auter grand person que per annuel Examination del Accounts de tout inferior Officers accountable fait un general Livre que monstre le difference perenter lour Receptions ou Charge lour Payments ou Allocations Veies le Stat. 33 H. 8. c. 33. Est auxy un auter sort â— Auditors assigne 〈◊〉 ascÌ„ Court en quel un Defendant est adjudge â— Accounter queux pristeront l'account mise ceo en form en escript donque ceo est enrol le Plaintiff plede a ceo le Defendant reply si mistier soit issint aleront al issue sur divers points particulars del account Average AVerage est le Service que le Tenant doit a son SeignÌ„ destre fait 〈◊〉 les Avers le Tenant semble destre derive del parol Averia pÌ„ ceo que est le Service que les Avers le Tenant â— form pur le Seignior 〈◊〉 carriage ou auterment Auxy ceo parol ad un auter signification est mult use en le Statute 32 H. 8. c. 14. pur un certain Contribution que Merchants auters payont proportionalment pur les perdes de eux que ont leur biens ejects en un tempest pÌ„ le safe-guard del Niefe ou des biens vifes de eux que sont en le Niefe Averment AVerment est lou un home plead un Plea en Abatement del Brief ou BarrÌ„ de Action que il dit est prist de prover come le Court voit agard Cest offer de prover son Plea est appel un Averment Auxy est un Brief appel Brief de Averment que est fait hors â— ascun Court del Ley a Westminster Sale ou un Action Depend quant le Viscount sur un Distringas returne petits issues donques les Judges al Assises poit cause ceo destre enquise 〈◊〉 un Jery si le Viscount poit returne pluis issues des terres le Defendant si soit trove qÌ„ il poit donques il doit returne pluis issues a compel le Defendant de appear al suit del Plaintiff ou a faire ceo que le Distringas require luy a faire Averpeny AVerpeny est quietum esse de diversis denariis pro arreragiis Domini Regis Augmentation AUgmentation suit le nosme de un Court erect en le 27 An. del Roy Henry le huict Et le cause de ceo fuit qÌ„ le Roy puit estre vierment use touchant les ê“fits de tiels Religious Measons lour TerrÌ„ que fueront done a luy 〈◊〉 Act â— ParliamÌ„t mesme le an nient imprimee Pur le dissolving le quel Court le fuit un Act sait en le Parliament tenus en le primÌ„ an del Reign del Roign Mary Sess 2. Cap. 10. que el puis mis en Execution per sa Letters Patents Le nosme del Court surde 〈◊〉 ceo Que les Revenues del Corone fueront tant augment â— le Suppression des dit Measons quant le Roy reserve al Corone nient done ou vende al auters Mes le Office de Augmentation remain a cest jour en que la sont plusors Records de grand use importance Aumone AUmone ou Tenure en Almoin est Tenure per Divine Service car issint Brit. dit fol. 164. Tenure en Aumone est terre ou tenements do â— e a Aumone dont ascun Service est retenue al Feoffor ou Donor Auneel weight AUncel weight fuit un ancient manner de poiser en Angleterre 〈◊〉 le pender des balences hooks al chescun fine â— un baston le quel le party elevate sur son digit ou ove sa main issint discerne le equality difference des choses poises Mes ceo weight esteant subject al mult deceit divers Statutes fueront faits qÌ„ ceo ouster comÌ„ le Statute 25 E. 3. c. 9. 34 E. 3 c. 5. 8 H. 6. c. 5. auters Et fuit appel Auncel weight quasi Handsale weight Auncient ou ancient Demesne ANcient Demesne est un certain Tenure per quel touts ceux Manors queux fueront en maines de S Edward le Confessor les queux il fist escrier en un Livre appel Dooms-day sub tit â— lo Regis touts les terÌ„ tenus de dit Manors sont tenus les TenaÌ„ts ne serra implead hors del di â— Mannors sil soyent ils poyent monstre le matter abater le Brief mes sil responder al Brief plead Judgment soit done donques les terre sont devenus frank-see a touts jours Tantque ceo Judgment est reverse per BreÌ„ de Disceit Rast Ent. 100 221. 2 R. 3. 1. 11 H. 4. 36. 21 E. 3. 20. Auxy touts Tenants eÌ„ Ancient demesne sont frank 〈◊〉 Tolle pÌ„ touts choses concernont lour viand husbandrie en aucient demesne pÌ„ tiels terres ils ne serra mis ne empanÌ„el sur aseÌ„ Enquest Mes touts les terres en AncieÌ„t demesnÌ„ queux sont en maines le Roy sont frank-fee pleadable al ComÌ„ Ley. Veies plus apres en le Title Sokmans Avoir de pois AVoir de pois est tant adire veri sive justi ponderis Et signifie en nostrÌ„ Ley deux choses Primerment un kind 〈◊〉 pois different 〈◊〉 ceo qÌ„ est appel Troy Weight que nad forsque 12 ounces al liver lou le Avoir de pois contein 16. Secondment signifie tiel Merchandises queux sont poises â— cest weight nemy per Troy weight Come est a veier en le Stat. de York 9 E. 3. 27 E. 3. c. 9. Stat. 2. c. 10. le Stat. 〈◊〉 Glocester 2 R. 2. c. 1. Avowrie AVowrie est lou un prist Distress pur Rent ou auter chose lauter sua Replevin donques celuy que avoit ceo prise justifiera eÌ„ son Plea pur quel cause il prist ceo si il prist ceo en son droit demesne il doit ceo monstre issint avow a le prisel ceo est appel son Avowrie Mes
ils appel Real sicome quant home purchase un voy ê‘ le soile dun auter home pur tiels que inhabitont ou inhabiteront en cest ou cest measoÌ„ ou que soÌ„t les owners de tiel Manor a touts jours Chiminage CHiminage est un Toll done pur passage per un Forest en disturbance des feres del Forest Chirographer CHirographer est celuy que en le Office del common Bank engrosse Fines conus en cest Court en un perpetual Record puis que ils sont conus pleinment passe per ceux officers per queux ils sont primermeÌ„t examine que escrie deliver les Indentures un pur le Purchasor auter pur le Vendor fait un auter Escrow endented conteinant auxy le effect del Fine que il deliver ouster al Custos Brevium que est appel le Pee del Fine Le Chirographer auxy ou son deputy proclaime touts les Fines en le Court chescun Terme accordant al Statute donques en alant al Office del Custos Brevium la endorse les Proclamations sur le dorse del Pee de ceo touts foits retaine le Brief de Covenant come auxy le Note del Fine Chivage CHivage Veies Chevage Chivalrie CHivalrie est uÌ„ Tenure de trÌ„e ê‘ service 〈◊〉 Chivaler pÌ„ le meux intelligence 〈◊〉 que est destre conus que la nest ascun terre mes il est tenus mediatement ou immediatement del Corone per ascun Service ou auter pur ceo touts nostrÌ„ Franktenements que sont a nous a nostrÌ„ heires sont appel Fees come ensuants de le bountie del Roy pur petit anÌ„ual rent le performance de tiels services que originalment fueront impose sur le terre al donation de ceo Car sicome le Roy done a ses Nobles ses immediate Tenants graund possessions a touts jours a tener de luy pur celuy ou tiel rent service issint ils arere en teÌ„ps divide ouster a tiels que pleist a eux lour terres issint receive del bouÌ„tie le Roy pÌ„ rents services come a eux semble bieÌ„ Et ceux Services sont touts ê‘ Liitleton divide en deux sorts Chivalrie Socage luÌ„ martial militarie le auter rural rustical Chivalrie pur ceo est un Tenure per que le Tenant est lie a performer ascun noble ou militarie office a son Seignior est de eux sorts ou Regal cestascav ' tiel que poit estre tenus solement del Roy ou tiel que poit auxy estre tenus dun coÌ„mon person cybien come del Roy. Ceo que poit tener solement del Roy est propermÌ„t appel Servitium ou Serjeantia est auxy arerÌ„ divide en Grand Petit Serjeantie Grand Serjeanty est ceo ou hoÌ„e tient terres del Roy ê‘ service qÌ„ il devoit fair en son ê‘son demesne come a porter le Banner le Roy ou son Lance ou de amesner son Hoast ou destre son Marshal ou a ventier un Cornu quant il veit ses enemies invade le TrÌ„e ou de trover un hoÌ„e array de pugnÌ„ deins le quater meres ou de fair ceo luy mÌ„ ou 〈◊〉 port l Espee le Roy devaÌ„t luy a son CoronatioÌ„ ou a cel jour destrÌ„ soÌ„ Sewer Carver Butler ou Chamberlain Petit Serjeanty est ou un hoÌ„e tient trÌ„e del Roy 〈◊〉 render a luy annuelmÌ„t un Arc un Espee un Dagger un Cuttel un Launce un paire de Gants de ferre un paire 〈◊〉 Spors â— ore ou de render auters tiels petit choses touchant le Guerre Chivalrie qÌ„ poit tener 〈◊〉 un common ê‘son cybien coÌ„e del Roy est appel Escuage Servitium s â— uti cest ou uncertain ou certain Escuage uncertain est auxy de deux sorts primermÌ„t ou le Tenant per son Tenure est lie â— attender son Seignior alant eÌ„ ê‘son al guerres le Roy envers ses enemies ou luy mesme ou mitter un sufficient home en son lieu la destre maintain a ses costs tants des jours come fuer ' agree ê‘ent ' le SnÌ„r son primer TenaÌ„t al grant ' del Fee Et les jours â— tiel service semble destrÌ„ assesse ê‘ le quantity del trÌ„e issint tenus Come si ceo extend a un ent â— e â— Fee de Chivaler donqÌ„ le Tenant fuit lie issint â— attender son SnÌ„r 40 jours un Fee de Chivaler fuit tant 〈◊〉 trÌ„re come eÌ„ ceux jours fuit account un sufficient viver pÌ„ un Chivaler ceo fuit 680 acres ê‘ l'opinion de ascÌ„ ou 800 come aut's semblont ou 15 livers ê‘ l' an Cambde â— Brit. fol. 110. Si le trÌ„e extende forsque al moiety 〈◊〉 un Fee 〈◊〉 Chivaler donqÌ„ le Tenant est lie 〈◊〉 atten â— son SnÌ„r mes 20 j urs si a un quart ê‘t donqÌ„ 10 jours Fitzh Nat. Brev. fol. 83. c. 84. c. e. Laut ' kind 〈◊〉 Escuage uncertain est appel Castle-gard ou le TenaÌ„t ê‘ son trÌ„e est lie ou ê‘ luy mesme ou ê‘asc ' aut ' a defeÌ„der un Castle si toft coÌ„e avenÌ„a a son course Escuage certain est ou le TenaÌ„t est assesse a un certain sum 〈◊〉 argeÌ„t destre pay eÌ„ lieu de tiel uncertain service coÌ„e qÌ„ un hoÌ„e payera annuaâ—mÌ„t pÌ„ un Fee Chivaler 20 s. pÌ„ le moiety 10 s. ou asc ' tiel rate Et cest Service pÌ„ ceo qÌ„ est trahe a un certain rent vient destre 〈◊〉 un mixt nature nient meermeÌ„t Socage car ne olet pas del Carue uncore Socage eÌ„ effect esteaÌ„t jammes neqÌ„ ê‘sonal service neque uncertain Chivalrie ad auters conditions annexe a ceo come Homage Fealtie Gardship Reliefe Marriage Bract. l. 2. c. 35. qÌ„ ils signifies veies eÌ„ lour several lieus Chivalrie est ou general ou special Dyer fo 161. pla 47. General semble destrÌ„ ou est solemeÌ„t dit eÌ„ le FeoffmeÌ„t qÌ„ le Tenant tient ê‘ Servitium militare sans asc ' specification â— Sergeantie Escuage c. Special est ceo qÌ„ est declare particularmeÌ„t ê‘ quel kind de service de Chivalrie il tient Veies le Statute 12 Car. 2. cap. 2 â— Chose en Action CHose en Action est quant un home ad cause ou poit porter un Action pÌ„ asc ' duty due a luy coÌ„e un Action de Dett sur un Obligation Annuitie ou Rent Action de Covenant ou Gard Trespas des biens import Battery ou tielx semblables pÌ„ ceo qÌ„ ils sont choses 〈◊〉 queux uÌ„ hoÌ„e nest possesse mes pÌ„ recoverie â— eux est mis a son Action ils sont appelles Choses en Action Et ceux Choses en Action que sont
adhere al later ' â— un chose come Collateral Assurance est ceo qÌ„ est fait ouster pÌ„ter le Fait mesme Pur example si home covenant ove un auter luy oblige pÌ„ le performance l'ObligatioÌ„ est appel Collateral Assurance pÌ„ ceo qÌ„ est external sans le nature essence del Covenant Et Cromp â— o â— fol. 185 dit qÌ„ destre subject al de pasturing des DaÌ„es le Roy est collateral al soyle deins le Forest En mesme le manÌ„er poyomus nous dire que libertie a pitcher Sheds ou Stalls pur un Faire eÌ„ le soile â— un au â— ' home est collateral al terre Le private Bois 〈◊〉 un comÌ„on ê‘son deins le Forest ne poit estre succide sans le licence del Roy car il est un Prerogative collateral al soile Man part 1. pag. 66. Collateral Garrantie Veies tit Garranty Collation COllation est ê“perment le Donation de un Benefice ê‘ l'Evesque qÌ„ ceo ad en son Done ou Patronage demesne differ â— de Institution en ceo pur ceo que Institution en un Benefice est performe ê‘ l'Evesque al motion Presentation â— un auter qÌ„ est Patron de mesme Esglise ou ad le droit del Patron ê“ hac vice Uncore Collatio est use pÌ„ Presentation en 24 E. 3. Stat. 6. la est un Brief en le Regist 31. b. appel De Collatione facta uni post mortem alterius c. direct al Justices del ComÌ„on Bank eux commandant a directer lour BrÌ„e al EvesqÌ„ pÌ„ l'admittance 〈◊〉 un Clerk en le lieu 〈◊〉 un auter pÌ„sent ê‘ le Roy que devant le Suit perenter le Roy le Clerk del Evesque morust car judgement un foits p â— sse pÌ„ le Clerk le Roy il morant devant qÌ„ il soit admit le Roy poit done son Presentation al auter Collusion COllusion est lou un Action est port vers un auter per son agreement demesne si le Plaintife recover tiel Recoverie est dit per Collusion Et en ascun cases le Collusion serra inquire come en un Quare impedit Assise tiels semblables queux ascun Corporation ou Corps politique port envers aut ' al entent â— aver le TrÌ„e ou Advowson dont le BrÌ„e est port en Mortmain Mes en Avowrie ne en asc ' Action personal le Collusion ne serra enquire Veies le Stat. de Westm 2. c. 32. que done le Quale jus enquirie en tiel case Colour COlour est un fained matter le quel le Defendant ou Tenant use en son barre quaÌ„t un Action de Trespasse ou un Assise est port envers luy en le quel il done le DemandaÌ„t ou Plaintiff un shew prima facie que il ad bone cause de Action lou en veritie il nest just cause mes tantfolemeÌ„t un Colour Visour 〈◊〉 un cause il est use al entent que le determination del ActioÌ„ doit este ê‘ les Judges nemy ê‘ un ignorant Jurie de douze homes E pÌ„ ceo un Colour doit estre un matter en Ley difficult al lay gentes Come pÌ„ example A. port uÌ„ Assise â— terre envers B. B. dit que il mesme lesse mesme le terre al un C. pÌ„ terme de vie apres grant le Reversion al A. le Demandant puis C. Tenant pÌ„ terme de vie morust apres que decease A. le Demandant claimant le Reversion ê‘ force del Grant ou C. le TenaÌ„t pÌ„ vie ne unques attourne entra sur qÌ„ B. entra envers que A. pur mesme entrie port cest Assise c. Cest un bone Colour qÌ„ ceo que les lay gentes pensant qÌ„ le terre voile passe per le Grant sans Atturnment lou en fait il ne voile passe c. Auxy eÌ„ un Action 〈◊〉 Trespasse Colour doit estre done â— eux sont uÌ„ infinite number un pur Example En un Action de Trespasse pur prise de Avers del Plaintiff le Defendant dit que devant le Plaintiff reins avoit en eux il mesme fuit possesse de eux come de les propter biens eux deliver al A. B. pur eux rebailer a luy quando c. A. B. eux dona al Plaintiff le Plaintiff supposant le property destre en A. B. al temps del donÌ„ prist eux le Defendant eux reprist del Plaintiff sur que le Plaintiff port l' Action cest un bone Colour un bon Plea Veies de ceo pluis en Doctor Student l. 2. c. 13. Colour est pur ceo cause viz. lou le deft justifie ê‘ title en transgrÌ„ ou assize sil ne done le Plaintiff Colour son plea amount tanqÌ„ al general issue car si le Defendant ad title il n'est culpable 1 Co. 79. 108. Colour de Office COlour de Office est touts foits prist in malam partem signifie un act malement fait per le countenance â— un Office il port un dissimulant visage del droit del Office lou le Office nest que vaile del fauxitie le chose est ground sur vice le Office est come uÌ„ shadow al ceo Mes ratione Officii virtute Officii sont prises touts foits in bonam partem lou le Office est le just cause del chose le chose est pursuant al Office Plo. en Dive Man case 64. a. Combat COmbat eÌ„ nrÌ„e antiqÌ„ Ley estoit un formal Trial â— un ambigieux Case ou controversie ê‘ l'Ense ou Bastons â— deux Champions Veies Glanvile l. 14. c. 1. Britton c. 22. Dyer fol. 301. numb 41. Commandment COmmandment est prise ê‘ divers significations alc ' foits pÌ„ le Commandment le Roy quaÌ„t ê‘ son mere motion de son bouche demesne il jette asc ' hoÌ„e eÌ„ prison Stamf. Plac. Cor. fol. 72. ou des Justices Et ceo CommandmÌ„t des Justices est ou absolute ou ordinarie Absolute sicome quant sur lour authoritie demesne ou lour sapieÌ„ce prudence ils comÌ„ittont asc ' hoÌ„c a prison pÌ„ uÌ„ punishmÌ„t Ordinarie est quant ils comÌ„ittont un pluis destre safemÌ„t gard qÌ„ pÌ„ punishmÌ„t hoÌ„e comÌ„it ê‘ tiel ordinarie ComÌ„andmÌ„t est mainpernable Placit Cor. fol. 73. CommandmÌ„t est use arere pÌ„ l'offence 〈◊〉 celuy qÌ„ comÌ„and aut ' home 〈◊〉 transgresser le Ley ou 〈◊〉 faire asc ' tiel chose que est encounter le Ley come Murder Larcenie ou tiels semb'ables Bract. l. 3. Tract 2. c. 19. Les Civillians appel cest CommandmÌ„t Angelus de maleficiis Commandrie COmmandrie fuit le nosme â— un Manor ou chief Messuage ove qÌ„ TrÌ„es ou TenemÌ„ts fueront occupies ê‘teignont al Priorie ê‘ S. Johan de
que en ascun Chose legal el ne poit responder sans sa baron lib. 5. tract 1. cap. 3. Et si le baron alien le Terre fa feme durant le Coverture el ne poit ceo dedire eÌ„ le vie sa baron Covin COvin est un secret Assent determine en le les coeurs de deux ou plusors al prejudice dun auter Come si Tenant pÌ„ terme de vie ou Tenant en le taile secretmÌ„t conspire ove un auter que lauter recovera vers le Tenant pur vie le Terre que il tient c. en prejudice de celuy en le Reversion Ou si Executor ou Administrator ê‘mit JudgmÌ„ts â— estre enter envers luy ê‘ fraud plead eux al obligation ou si ascun fraudulent assignmÌ„t ou conveiance soit fait la party greive poet plead Covin releive luy mesmÌ„ See the Stat. 2. R. 2. c. 3. 3 H. 7. c. 4. 13. El. c. 5. 27 El. c. 4. Count. COunt est tant come l'original DeclaratioÌ„ eÌ„ un Proces uncorÌ„ pluis toft use eÌ„ real qÌ„ ê‘sonal ActioÌ„s come DeclaratioÌ„ est pluis apply al ê‘sonal que real F. N. B. 16. a 60. d. n. 71. a. 191. e. 217. a. Libel ove les Civilians comprehend aÌ„bidexu Et uncorÌ„ Count Declaration sont asc ' foits confound coÌ„e Count en Det Kit. 281. Count ou Declaration en Appeal Pl. Cor. 78. Count en Trespas Brit. c. 26. Count eÌ„ Action de TrnÌ„s sur le Case pÌ„ Slander Kitch 252. Conteurs ad este prise pur tiels queux home receive de ê‘ler pÌ„ luy en asc ' Court come Advocates Pledeurs destrÌ„ un auter sort come Artornies pur un que est present en ê‘son mes souffre un auter a dire pur luy Countours ê‘ M. Horne sont tiels SergeaÌ„ts erudite eÌ„ les Leyes que servont les laye gents de defender lour Actions en Judicature pur lour fee. Countee COuntee dicitur a comitando quia comitantur Regem fuit le pluis emineÌ„t supreme dignitie del Conquest jesque le unzisme an del Roy Ed. 3. ou le Black Prince fuit create Duke de Cornwal ceux qÌ„ de ancieÌ„t temps fueroÌ„t create CouÌ„tees fueront de Sanke-Royal jesque a cest jour le Roy en touts ses appellations stile eux ê‘ le nosme Charissimi consanguinei nostri Et pÌ„ ceux causes le Ley doÌ„e a eux haut graÌ„d Privileges pur ceo lour corps ne serra arrest pÌ„ Det TrnÌ„s c. pÌ„ ceo qÌ„ le Ley entend qÌ„ ils assistont le Roy ove lour counsell pÌ„ le weale publique gardont le Royalm en safetie per lour prowesse valour Auxy pur mesme le cause ils ne serrÌ„ mise en Juries coment qÌ„ ceo soit pur le service del Pais Et si issue soit prise si le Plaintiff ou Defendant soit un Countee ou nemy ceo ne serra trie ê‘ Pais mes ê‘ le Brief le Roy. Auxy le Defendant navera jour de grace vers le Seigniour del Parliament pur ceo que il est intend 〈◊〉 attender le publique Et 〈◊〉 ancient temps le Countee fuist Praefectus seu Praepositus Comitatus ad le charge custodie del Countie ore le Viscount ad tout l'authoritie pÌ„ administration execution de Justice que le Countee avoit Cok. lib. 9. fol. 49. pÌ„ ceo est appelle Viscount Countenance COuntenance semble destre use pur Credance ou Esteeme Veil N. B. 111. in ceux ê‘ols L' Attaint serra grantus as povers hoÌ„es qÌ„ pÌ„ndront lour seremÌ„t que ils ont reins de qÌ„ ils poyent faire lour Fine ouster lour Countenance En mesmÌ„ le manner est use 1 Ed. 3. Stat. 2. cap. 4. en ceux ê‘ols Visconts chargeront le Dettors le Roy ove tant qÌ„ ils poyeÌ„t levier ove lour seremÌ„ts sans abatement del Countenance des Dettors Countermand COuntermand est quant chose execute per devant est apres per ascun act ou ceremony frustrate per le party que ad ceo primes fait Come si home ad fait son darreine Volunt per que il devise son Terre al J. S. puls il enfeoffe auter home 〈◊〉 memÌ„ le Terre ore ceo feoffmÌ„t est un Countermand al Volunt le Volunt quant al dispositioÌ„ del Terre est voide Si feme seisie de Terre en fee fist sa volunt en escript per ceo devisa que si A. de B. luy survivera donque el devise bequeath a luy a ses heires sa Terre apres el entermarrie ove le dit A. de B. ore pur prisel de luy a baron coverture al temps de sa mort le Volunt est countermand Mes si un Baroness widow retaine deux Chapleins solonque le Statute prist un de Nobility a baron puis le baron mo rust le Reteiner de ceux deux Chapleins remaine ils sans novel Reteiner poient prender deux Benefices car lour Reteiner ne fuit determine ne countermand per tiel Marriage Si feme fist Lease a volunt puis prist baron ceo Marriage nest Countermand al Lease sans expresse matter fait per le baron apres le Marriage a determiner le Volunt Auxy si Lease soit fait al feme a volunt el prist baron le Lease continue nient obstant le Marriage il nest Countermand al ceo Counterplee COunterplee est lou un port un Action le Tenant en son Respons Plee vouch ou appel asc ' home pur garrant son Title ou prayer ayd de auter que ad melior Estate come de cestuy en la Reversion ou si un estrange al Action vient priera destre rescev ' de saver son Estate si le Demandant reply a ceo monstrÌ„ cause que il ne doit tiel home voucher ou de tiel home aid aver ou que tiel home ne doit este rescev ' cest Plee est appel uÌ„ Counterplee al Voucher Ayde ou Resceit come le case est Mes quant le Voucher soit allow le Vouchee vient eius demande quel chose le Tenant ad de luy voucher le Tenant monstrÌ„ son cause le Vouchee plede ascun matter de avoid le Garrantie cÌ„ est appel Counterplee del Garrantie Countie COuntie est tant en significat ' come Shire ambideux continent un circuit ou portion del RoyalmÌ„ en qÌ„ tout le terre est apporc ' pÌ„ le mieux governance de cÌ„ pluis facile administrat ' de Just ' issint qÌ„ la nest ascun ê‘t â— l Royalm qÌ„ ne pas gist deins asc ' County chesc ' County est governe ê‘ un annual Officer le quel nous
appel Custuma en Latine Reg. Orig. 129. a. 138. a. Et de â— ermÌ„t pÌ„ tiels Services que Tenants de un Manor doiont a lour SnÌ„r Veiel livre â— Entries verb ' Custome Veies Consuetud Servitiis Custos Brevium Custos Brevium est le primer Clerk apperteinant al Court 〈◊〉 ComÌ„on Pleas ou Bank le Roy l' office de quel est de receive tener touts les Briefs mitter eux sur Files chescun Return ê‘ luy mesme al fine 〈◊〉 chescÌ„ Terme 〈◊〉 receiver del Prothonotaries touts les Records de Nisiprius appel le Postea Le Custos Brevium aux ' fait entrie des BrÌ„es â— Covenant le Concord sur chesc ' Fine fait hors Exemplifications Transcripts de touts les BrÌ„es Records en son Office de touts les Fines levie Les Fines puis qÌ„ ils sont engrosse les parts de ceo sont divide ê‘ent ' le Custos Brevium le Chirographer â— qÌ„ le Chirographer reteigna touts foits le Brief de Covenant le Note le Custos Brevium reteina le CoÌ„cord Pee del Fine sur quel Pee le Chirograph ' causa le Proclamations destre indorse quaÌ„t ils touts sont ê‘claime Custos Rotulorum CUstos Rotulorum est celuy qÌ„ ad le Custody â— s Rolls ou Records des Sessions del Peace coÌ„e ascuns semble del Commission del Peace mesme Lam. l. 4. c. 3. p. 373. Il est touts foits Justice del Peace Quorum en le Countie ou il ad son Office ê‘ son Office il est piuistoft appel un Officer ou Minister que un Judge pur ceo que le Commission del Peace impose ceo especial Charge per expresse parols sur luy Quod ad dies loca predicta Brevia Praecepta Processus Indictamenta praedicta coram te dictis Sociis tuis venire facias Custos des Spiritualities CUstos des Spiritualties est celuy qÌ„ exercisa le Spiritual Ecclesiastical Jurisdiction â— ascun Diocesse durant le Vacancie del See l'appointment de quel per le Ley Canon apperteinÌ„ al Dean Chapiter Ne Sede vacante aliquid innovetur Mes en Angleterre l' Archievesque del Province ad ceo per Prescription Uncore plusors Deanes Chapiters come dit M. Gwyn en le Preface a son Lectures demande ceo ê‘ veils Charters des Roys de cest Terre Cuynage CUynage est un parol use eÌ„ le Statute 11 H. 7. c. 4. pÌ„ le framer 〈◊〉 Estaigne en tiel forme come solont 〈◊〉 ceo framer pÌ„ le pluis apt portage de ceo en auters lieus D. Dammage DAmmage est un part ê‘ ceo qÌ„ les Jurors sont Ä‘ enquirÌ„ donant lour Verdict pÌ„ le Plaintiff ou Demandant en uÌ„ Action real ou ê‘sonal Car puis le Verdict done sur le principal cause ils sont auxy demaund lour consciences touchant Costs queux sont les Expences del Suit Dammages que coÌ„tein le parde qÌ„ le Plaintiff ou Demandant ad susteine per cause del tort a luy fait ê‘ le Defendant ou Tenant Et entaÌ„t qÌ„ Justice Reason vollont qÌ„ quant le vie le credit les tres les beins le eorruption de son sanke tout ceo qÌ„ home ad a forfeit ' eÌ„ cest monde sont mise eÌ„ peril sans voyer cause mes solemÌ„t sur le malicious Accusation dun aut ' ê‘ Appeal qÌ„ l'Appellee averoit satisfaction pÌ„ ceo envers son faux Accuser sil nad sufficient donque vers luy ou ceux que luy abbetta ou procura de pursuer le Appeale Pur ceo le Common Ley donast DamÌ„ages al Defendant en un Appeal assigne a luy un meane pur le recoverie de eux quant il fuist acquite del Felony coÌ„e est 48 Edw. 3 22. Mes entant que les DamÌ„ages vers le Procurors Abbettors fueront destre recover per Original Brief cestascavoir ê‘ Brief de Conspiracy nient auterment que ne fuist cy curt remedie come le heinous degree del tort require le Statute de Westminster le 2. An. 13. Ed. 1. cap. 12. pur le pluis subite redresse fuit ordaine Mes si le Defendant barre le Plaintiffe de son Appeale donque il ne poit recover DamÌ„ages ê‘ le dit Stat. envers le Plaintiff forsque le Barre soit tiel qÌ„ acquite le Defend ' â— l Felonie Et si le Defendant plead que le Appellant est ou Bastard ou ad un Eigne frere ou tiels Pleas en barre per eux barre le Plaintiff uncore il ne recovera Dammages vers luy pur ceo que le Defendant poit estre endite arere de mesme le Felonie attaint nient obstant ascun de ceux Pleas car per eux le innocencie del Defendant nest pas trie pur ceo il navera DamÌ„age 27 Ass pla 25. Mesme le ley est si le Defendant barre le Appellant ê‘ Demurrer en Ley Et issint est si en Appeal del mort duÌ„ home le Defendant plead al issue est trove ê‘ Verdict que il occide le hoÌ„e en soÌ„ defence demesne ou per Misadventure en ceux cases il ne recovera DamÌ„ages Mes si le Defendant en Appeale ad le Release del Appellant ou le Pardon le Roy voile eux waiver pled ' Nient culpable est acquite en cest case il recovera DamÌ„ages Cest parol Damna est prise en la Ley en deux several significations l'un propermÌ„t generalment l' auter relative stricte Properment come est en cases ou DamÌ„ages sont foundue sur le Stat. de 2 H. 4. cap. 1. 8 H. 6. c. 9. ou Costs sont enclude deins cest parol DamÌ„ages car Damnum en son proper general signification dicitur a demendo cum Diminutione res deterior fit en cest sense Costs de Suit sont Dammages al Plaintiff car per eux res sua diminuit ' Mes quant le Plaintiff monstrÌ„ le tort fait a luy a Dammage de tiel summe ceo est destre prise relative pur le tort que est passe devant le Brief port sont assesse occasione Transgressionis praedict ne poit extender al Costs del Suit que sont future d' un auter nature Veies Co. l. 10. f. 116 117. Dammage fesant DAmmage fesant est quant les Beasts de un estrang ' sont en auters terÌ„s sans liceÌ„ce del TenÌ„t d' la trÌ„e la mangeront trea â— ou auterment spoilont les blees grasse bois ou tiels semblables En quel case le Tenant que ils issint dammage poit pur ceo prender distrainÌ„ impound eux cybien en le nuict come en le jour Mes en auters cases come pur Rent Services
un peaceable manner Veies plus de ceo 〈◊〉 Pâ—ul de pac Reg. f. 34. 35. c. Degrading DEgrading Veis Disgrading Delegates SOnt ComÌ„issioners appoint ê‘ Letters Pat ' a determiner Appeal sur choses testamentary ou matrimonial en qÌ„ sentence fuit rendue Demaines DEmaines ou Demesnes generalment a parler sont touts les parts de asc ' ManÌ„ qÌ„l ne sont en mains del Freeholders comÌ„t soyent occupie ê‘ Tenant Copie 〈◊〉 Court Rol ' Lessees pur ans ou pÌ„ vie cybien comÌ„ TenÌ„ts a voluÌ„t Et le reason que Copihold est accouÌ„t Demesns est pÌ„ ceo que ils qÌ„ sont TenÌ„ts a ceo sont adjudge en Ley â— aver nul auter Estate forsque al voluÌ„t del SnÌ„r issint que il est jammÌ„s repute destre eÌ„ uÌ„ manner eÌ„ les mains le SnÌ„r uncore en commÌ„ ê‘laÌ„ce il est usualmÌ„t appell Demesnes que nest ou free ou copie Et cest parol Demesne est asc ' soits use eÌ„ un pluis special signification est opposite al Frank-fee sicome ceux Terres qÌ„ux fueront en l'possessioÌ„ de Ed. le Confessor sont appel Antient demesne touts auters sont appel Frank-fee Kitch fol. 98. les Tenants qÌ„ tient asc ' 〈◊〉 ceux Terres sont appel Tenants en Ancient demesne les auters Tenants en Frank-fee Et nul comÌ„on ê‘son ad asc ' Demesnes en le simple prisance del ê‘ol pÌ„ ceo que la nest ascÌ„ Terre mes depend mediatemÌ„t ou immediatemÌ„t del Corone ceo est de ascÌ„ Honor ou auter appertieÌ„t al Corone nemy grant en fee al asc ' inferior ê‘son pÌ„ cÌ„ quant un hoÌ„e en pledant voile enferre son Terre destre son Demesne il dit Que il est ou fuit seise de ceo eÌ„ son Demesne coÌ„e de Fee Littleton fol. 3. ê‘ que appiert qÌ„ nient obstaÌ„t son Terre soit a luy ses Heirs a touts jours uncore il nest voyer Demesne mes dependant sur un Seignior paramount tiendrant ê‘ Service ou Rent en lieu de Service ou ê‘ Service Rent ensemble Demaines solonqÌ„ le common ê‘lance sont solemÌ„t entend le principal ManÌ„or-place del Seignior qÌ„ il ses Ancestors ontewe de temps hors de memorie en lour maines demesne ove touts edifices measoÌ„s prees pastures boys terres eyrable tiels semblables ove ceo occupie Demand DEmand est vocabulum Artis si un release a uÌ„ auter touts Demands ceo est sicome Littl. fol. 117. a. dit le pluis melior Release a luy a qÌ„ le Release est fait que il poit aver plus enurera a son advantage car ê‘ c ' non solemÌ„t touts Demands mes aux ' touts causes de Demands soÌ„t release Et soÌ„t deux manÌ„s â— Demands cestascavoire en Fait en Ley. En Fait coÌ„e en chescun Praecipe la est expresse Demand pÌ„ cÌ„ eÌ„ real Action il est appell Demandant en ê‘sonal Plaintiff En Ley come chescun Entrie en Terre Distresse pÌ„ Rent Prisel ou seisure des biens semblable acts eÌ„ Pays qÌ„ poient estrÌ„ fait sans asc ' ê‘ols ou demaÌ„ds eÌ„ Ley. SicoÌ„e Release de Suits est pluis large qÌ„ Release des Querels ou de Actions issint Release des Demands est pluis large beneficial qÌ„ asc ' de eux car ê‘ e'est release tout ceo qÌ„ ê‘ les auters est release pluis Per Release de touts Demands touts Franktenements Enheritances executorie sont release Per Release de touts Demands al Disseisor le droit de Entrie en le terre tout qÌ„ est conteine deins ceo est release Per Release de touts Demands touts Executions sont release cestuy que release touts Demands exclude luy mÌ„ de touts Actions Entries Seisures Lit. f. 170. teignÌ„ Que si Tenant en taile enfeoffe son Uncle l'qÌ„l enfeoffe un aut ' eÌ„ fee ove Garrantie si apres le Feoffee per son Fait relessa a son uncle touts manÌ„ers 〈◊〉 Demands ê‘ tiel Release le Garrantie que est Covenant real executorie est extinct le reason est pÌ„ ceo que ê‘ Release des Demands touts les meanes remedies les causes de eux que ascun ad al trÌ„es tenemÌ„ts biens chattels c. sont extinct ê‘ consequence le droit interest mÌ„ al chose Uncore Releas â— touts Demands ne extend a tiels BrÌ„s per queux riens est demand neque en Fait neque en Ley mes gisont solement a reliever le Plaintiff per voy de Discharge nemy ê‘ voy 〈◊〉 Demand come Releas 〈◊〉 tout Demands nest BarrÌ„ in BrÌ„e de Error de reverser un Utlagarie issint des semblables Veies 18 Ed. 3. 59. Cok. lib. 8. fol. 153 154. Demandant DEmandant est celuy que sue ou complainÌ„ eÌ„ Action real pÌ„ Title de terre il est appel Plaintiff eÌ„ un Assise eÌ„ un Action ê‘sonal pÌ„ Det TrnÌ„s Disceit Detinue tiels semblables Demurrage EST dit le temps que un Neif gist idle en un port ou Harbour ou sur le mere en un calm Demurrer DEmurrer est quant ascun Action est port le Defendant plead un Plee a qÌ„ le plaintiff dit qÌ„ ne voile respon â— pÌ„ ceo que il n'est sufficient Plee en Ley le Defendant aver le contrarie que il est sufficient Plee sur ceo ambideux mitteront le Cause al JudgmÌ„t del Court que est appel un Demurrer pÌ„ c o que ils ne vaont ouster en pleading mes demurrer sur Judgement de cel point dicitur en Latine Records Moratur in Lege Car en chesc ' Action le difference consist ou en Fait ou en Ley. Si en Fait il est trie per le Pais si en Ley donque le matter est ou facile ou dure rare si il soit facile donque Judgement est immediatement done mes qnÌ„t il est dure en awrust donque la est Demurrer fait temps prise ou de consider ouster sur cÌ„ ê‘ les Judges 〈◊〉 agreer si ils poyent ou auterment ê‘ touts les Justic ' 〈◊〉 vener ensemble en le Exchequer-Chamber sur oyer de ceo que les Sergeants dieront de ambideux parts 〈◊〉 adviser determiner que est Ley ceo que est la conclude per eux estoyera firme sans auter remedie Est auxy un Demurrer al Evidence done a un Jury sur Tryal â— un issue Plow Com. 2. 3. Rast Entr. 607. Demy sanke ou sangue DEmy sanke est quant un home marie un feme ad issue per luy un fitz ou file le feme morust donques il prist un
Duresse DUresse est lon un home est garde en Prison ou restraine 〈◊〉 son Liberty contrarie al order de Ley ou menasse destre occide mayheme ou graundement batue si tiel ê‘son issint en Prison ou pavor pur tiel Menasse fait asc ' Especialty ou Obligation ê‘ reason del tiel ImprisonmÌ„t tiel Fait est void en le Ley en Action port sur tiel Especialty poit dire qÌ„ il fuit fait ê‘ Duresse de son Imprisonment Mes si home soit arrest sur ascÌ„ Action al Suit â— un auter mesque le cause del Action ne soit bone ne voier sil fait ascÌ„ Obligation al un Estraunge esteant eÌ„ prison ê‘ tiel Arrest uncore il ne serra dit per Duresse Mes sil fait Obligation a luy a qÌ„ Suit il fuit arrest destre discharge de tiel ImprisonmÌ„t donques il serra dit Duresse Duchy EST un Court en le Duchy Chamber de Lancaster a Westm devant le Chancellor del Duchy de Lancaster pur matters concernant les terres Franchises del Duchy leur procedure est ê‘ English Bill come en Chancery Coke 4. Inst 204. E. Ealderman EAlderman enter les Saxons fu â— st tant coÌ„e Count ent ' les Danes Camb. Brit. p. 107. Et a cest jour nous appellomus ceux Aldermen qÌ„ sont Associats al primÌ„ Officer en le Common Councel del Ville 24 H. 8. c. 13. Et en ascÌ„ lieus le primÌ„ Officer luy mÌ„ est appel Alderman Earle EArle Veies Countee Easement EAsement est uÌ„ Immunitie qÌ„ un vicine ad â— un auter per Charter ou Prescription sans ê“fit come un Voy ou uÌ„ Chanel ê‘ son Terre ou tiels semblables Kitch f. 105. Egiptians EGiptians vulgarit ' vocati Gipsi â— s sont counterfeit Vagabonds Wallois ou Anglois qÌ„ eux mesmes disguise eÌ„ roabes language vagueront roÌ„t ê‘ le Pais ê‘tendant daver science eÌ„ Palmestry issint deceive le vulgar mes vivont principalmÌ„t ê‘ embler embeasiler des b ens pÌ„ ceo le Statutes 1 2 Mar. c. 4. 5 Eliz. c. 20. fueront faits pÌ„ le punishmÌ„t de tiels ê‘sons coÌ„e Felons sils ne departont le Realme ou issint continue ê‘ un moys Ejectione firmae EJectione Firmae Vide de ceo eÌ„ le Title Quare ejecit infra Terminum Ejectment de Gard. EJectment de Gard. Veis â— ceo eÌ„ le Title Gards Eigne EIgne est uÌ„ parol Francois signifie le Eldest ou PrimÌ„ nee Veies Enitia pars Einecia EInecia signifie Primogenitur ou Eldership S â— at de Hib. An. 14 H. 3. V. Enitia pars Eire Justices EIre Justices ou Itinerant coÌ„e nous appel ' eux fueront Justices qÌ„ use 〈◊〉 equitate de lieu al lieu per tout le Realm pÌ„ administer Justice Et ceux Justices avoyent authoritie en ancient temps a granter TrÌ„e que fuit seisie pÌ„ le Roy pur Alienation sans Licence car adonqÌ„s Justices eÌ„ Eire puissoyent aver graunt tiel TrÌ„e eÌ„ fee rendant Rent coÌ„e Justices del Forrest qÌ„ eÌ„ effect quant a cest purpose sont Justices en Eire a cest jour poyent de TrÌ„es enclose deins un Forrest sans conge le Roy. Coke l. 2. fol. 80. Election ELection est quant home est laise a son Frank arbitermÌ„t demesne de pÌ„nder ou faire un chose ou auter qÌ„ il voile Come si A covenant â— payer al B un liver de Pepper ou Saffron devant Pentecost est al Election de A tout temps devant Pentecost qÌ„ de eux il voile payer mes sil ne ceo paya devant le dit Feast donque enapres est al Election de B pÌ„ aver son Action pÌ„ quel a luy pleist Dyer f. 18. pl. 104. Issint si hoÌ„e done a un aut ' son Chival ou Vache le Donee poit pÌ„der l'un ou l' aut ' a son Election Mes si soit qÌ„ il donera en le future temps la le Donee ne poit prender l' un ou l'auter car donque l' Election est en le Donor 21 H 7. 19. Aux ' si un Justice 〈◊〉 Peace direct son Garrant a un Constable ademes â— le party attach devant luy ou aut ' Justice est al Election del Constable de al' a quel Justice que a luy pleist Coke l. 5 f. 59. Et en mesme le manÌ„er est eÌ„ plusors auters cases Elegit TEner per Elegit est lou home ad recover Det ou Dammage ê‘ BrÌ„e devers un auter ê‘ conusance ou en aut ' manner il avera deins l' an devers luy un BrÌ„e judicial nosme Elegit â— aver Execution de moiet â— e de touts ses Terres Chattels except Boe â— s Avers a la carue tanque le Det ou Dammages soyent ousterment levies ou payes a luy durant cest terme il est Tenant per Elegit Sil soit ousta deins le t' me il avera Assise 〈◊〉 Novel Disseisin apres un Redisseisin si besoigne soit cest done p â— r le Statute de West 2. c. 18. Et per l' equitie de mesme l'Statute celuy qÌ„ ad cÌ„ Estate sil soit ousta avera assise Redisseisin si besoigne soit Et auxy sil face ses Executors devie ses Executors entront puis soyent oustes ils averont tiel Action come luy mesme Mes sil soit ouste puis fait ses Executors devie ses Executors puront enter sils soient estoppes de lour Entrie ils averont uÌ„ BrÌ„e de Trespass sur lour Case Sil face Waste en tout le TrÌ„e ou eÌ„ parcel lauter avera envers luy maintenant un BrÌ„e judicial hors 〈◊〉 le primer Recorde appelle Venire facias ad computandum per force de quel serra inquise sil ad levie touts les deniers ou parcel sil nad levie les deniers donques serra inquise a quant le Waste amount si le Waste amount si non a parcel donques tants des deniers que le Waste amounte serra abridge de les suisdits deniers queux fueront destre levies Mes sil ad fait pluis Waste qÌ„ l' avantdit summe d' argent que fuit estre levie amount lauter serra discharge maintenant de touts les deniers suisdits recovera le Terre Et pÌ„ la superfluitie 〈◊〉 Waste fait ouster le dit summe il recovera ses dammages single Mesme le Ley est de les Executors de cestuy que ad son Estate Ou si le Dettor soit satisfie ê‘ foder de Coals Lead Tyn ou auters casual ê“fits Vide Stat. 32 H. 8. c. 5 Si touts les terres extend sont evict del Debtor ê‘ mieulx title il poit prender novel execution Co.
4 Rep. 66. Sil a â—â— en eÌ„ fee ou a terme ê‘ vie ou eÌ„ taile tout le TrÌ„e ou parcel de le TrÌ„e qÌ„ il tient ê‘ E â— egit si l AlienatioÌ„ soit fait deins le terme ou apÌ„es cestuy que ad droit avera vers luy un Assise de Novel Disseisin Et covient que ils soient mis en l Assise ambid â— ux auxybien l' Alienor come l' Alienee non obstant que l'Alienor devie mai â— tenant uncore cestuy que ad droit avera vers l' Alienee sole Assise coÌ„e sil ust este son simple Teâ— a Ì„t a term 〈◊〉 ans Et ceo est ê‘ l'equitie del Statute de West 2. cap. 25. pur ceo que il ad forsque Chattel en effect Et mesme l' Ley est de ses Executors de cestuy que ad son Estate coÌ„e est s â—â— sdit En Elegit si le Viscount retourne que le partie avoit riens jour de la Recognisance fait mes que il purchase Terres puis le temps adonqÌ„s le Plaintiff avera novel BrÌ„e de aver Execution de ceo Mesme le Ley est sur un Statute-Merchant Apres le Fieri facias un home poit aver le Elegit â— es non c â— nt ' â— ntant que Elegit est 〈◊〉 pluis hault nature que le Fieri facia â— Si home recover per Briefe de De â— sue un Fieri facias le Viscount return que le Defendant nad riens dont il poit fair Gree a le partie donques le Plaintiff avera un Elegit ou un Capias sicut alias Pluries Et si Viscount returne a le Capias Mitto vobis Corpus il nad riens dont il poit fairÌ„ gree al partie il serra maund al gaole del Fleet illonques demurre tanque il ad â— ait Gree al partie si le Viscount returne Non est inveâ—tus adonques issera l' Exigent envers luy Nota Que en Brief de Det port devers Parson qÌ„ nad rien de Lay-fee le Viscount returne que il nad rieÌ„s per que il poit estre summonÌ„ adonques le Plaintiff suera Brief al Evesque que il face v â— ner son Clerk l'Evesque luy ferra vener per Sequestration del Esglise Et si home port Brief de Det recover face ses Executors devie ils naveront Execution non obstant que il soit deins l' an per un Fieri facias Est un aut ' so â— t 〈◊〉 Elegit for adjudgant 〈◊〉 execution envers Terr-Tenants Quel El â— git recite les Terres enve â—â— queux execution est adjudge maund al Viscou â—â— deliver al Creditor un moyety de ceux terres rien encÌ„ est mention des biens ou chateaux come en auters Elegits Elopement ELopement est quant feme espouse departa de son baron ove un Adulterer ove le Adulterer demurra sans voluntarie ReconcilemÌ„t a sa baron per ceo el perdra sa Dower per le Statute de Westm 2. cap. 34. Sur que cest veil Verse Sponte virum mulier fugiens adultera facta Dote sua careaâ— nisi sponso sponte retracta Emblements EMblements sont les Profits de Terre qÌ„ ad estaÌ„ semy en ascuns cases cestuy que ceo emblea eux avers en ascuns nemy come si TenaÌ„t pur vie emblea le Terre apres morust les Executors del Tenant pur vie avera les Emblements nemy cestuy en Reversion Mes si Tenant pur ans emblea le Terre devant que il ad sever son terme expire ore le Lessor ou cestuy eÌ„ Reversion avera les EmblemÌ„ts Si un disseise moy succide les EmblemÌ„ts cressans sur le Terre puls jeo re-enter jeo avera Action de Trespasse verts luy pur les Emblements mes si mon Disseisor fait Feoffment en fee ou lessa le Terre dont il moy disseisist le Feoffee ou Lessee prist les Emblesments puis jeo re-enter jeo navera Trespasse Vi armis vers eux queux veignont eins per Title mes vers mon Disseisor Cok. lib. 11. fol. 51. Si feme Copiholder durante Viduitate sua solonque le Custome del ManÌ„or emblea le TerrÌ„ devant le severaÌ„ce des EmblemÌ„ts el prist baron le SnÌ„r avera les Emblements Issint si feme seisie de Terre durante Viduitate fait un Lease pur ans l â— Lessee emblea le Terre puis la femÌ„ prist baron ore le Lessee navera les Emblements coment que son Estate est determine ê‘ l'act â— un estranger Et nieÌ„t obstaÌ„t qÌ„ est communemÌ„t tenus eÌ„ nostrÌ„ LivrÌ„s Que si home lessa Terres a volunt puis le Lessee emblea le Terre puis le Volunt est determine que le Lessee avera les Emblements uncorÌ„ si le Lessee luy mesme determine le Volunt devant le severance des Blees il navera les Emblements Veies Cok. lib. 5. fol. 116. Embrasour ou Embraceour EMbrasour ou Embraceour est celuy que quant un matt ' est eÌ„ trial ê‘ent ' ê‘tle ê‘tie vient al Barre ove uÌ„â— l ê‘ties ayant receive ascun Reward pur issint faire ê‘le en le case ou privimÌ„t labor le Jurie ou estola la pur surveier ou surview eux per cest meanes de mitter eux en pavor dout del matt ' Mes hoÌ„es erudite eÌ„ Ley poleÌ„t ê‘ler en le case pÌ„ lour ClieÌ„ts Emparlance EMparlance est quant home esteant a responder al Action ou Suit pria ascun temps de Respite de luy mesme adviser le meux que il respondera nest aut ' forsqÌ„ Continuance del Cause al un jour ouster Et coment le Plaintiff en Ban â— e le Roy apres le Bar â— e plede ad jour de reply deux ou trois Termes apÌ„s uncorÌ„ nul mention serra fait en le Rolle â— ascun Em ê‘lance ou Continuance mes l' Entry serra generalment enteÌ„d â— estrÌ„ mesmÌ„ le TermÌ„ Mes autermÌ„t est de un Barre car ceo containe 〈◊〉 ImparlaÌ„ce ou Continuance est en tiel forme Et modo ad hunc diem scilicet diem Veneris c. isto eodem Termino usque ad quem diem praedictus A habuit licentiam interloquendi c. Mes nul tiel Entrie est la fait sur ascun Replication ou Rejoynder Veies Cok. lib. 5. fol. 75. Brit. cap. 5 â— usa cest ê‘ol pur le Conference â— un Jurie sur le Cause a eux commise Est un special Imparlance auxi pur un Defendant salvis sivi omnibus omnimodis exceptionibus ad breve narrationem ou
de un Common l' prender Ä‘l Grasse ê‘ les bouches de les Beasts que coÌ„mon la de un Advowson le prenÄ‘ de gros Dismes per le Parson de Bois ie vender de Bois d'un Orchard le vender de Pomes auters Fruits cressant la d'un Molin le prisel de Tolle sont les Esplees de tiels semblables Et nota que en Brief de Droit de Terre Advowson ou tiels semblables le Demaundant doit alledge en son Count que il ou ses Auncestors prise les Esplees Ä‘ chose eÌ„ demaÌ„d auterment l' Count nest bonÌ„ Essendi quietum de Tolonio ESsendi quietum de Tolonio est un Brief destre quit Ä‘ Tolle gist en case ou les Citizens ou Burgesses de ascun Citie ou Borough ount estrÌ„ quit de Tolle ê‘ Graunt des Progenitours del Roy per tout le Royalme ou per PrescriptioÌ„ donque si asc ' hoÌ„e des dits Cities ou Boroughs veignoÌ„t oves ses MerchaÌ„dises a asc ' Ville Fair ou Market la eux mitt ' a vender ou achatont ascuns Merchandises si les Officers del di â— Ville voile demaunder ascun Tolle de luy encount ' l'Charter le Roy ou encounter le Usage Custome il puit suer aver tiel BrÌ„e F. N. B. f. 226. Regist orig fol. 258. Essoine Essoine Lou un Action est port le Plaintife ou Defendant ne poit bien appearÌ„ al jour en Court pur un de cinque causes desouth expresse il serra Essoine de saver son Default Sont cinque mannÌ„s de Essoines cest adire Essoine De ouster le mere ê‘ quel le Defendant avera jour per xl jours Le second est De terrae sancta sur ceo le Defendant avera jour per un an un jour ces deux serront gist al commencement del Plee Le tierce Essoine est De male vener ceo serra adjourne al common jour come Action require cest appel ' le Common Essoine quant coment cest Essoine serra veies les Statutes Livre de Abridgement de Statutes lou il est bene declare Le quater est De malo lecti ceo est solement en Brief de Droit sur ceo issera Brief hors del Chauncerie direct al Viscount que il mandera quat ' Chivalers de veier le Tenant sil il soit mala â— de donÌ„ a luy jour apÌ„s un an jour Le cinq ' Essoine est De service del Roy gist en touts Actions forsque en Assise De Novel Disseisin Brief de Dower Darreine presentment en Appeal de Murder mes en cest Essoine il covient al jour de monstre son Garrant ou auterment il turnera a un Default si soit en Plee real ou auterment il perdera xx s. pur le journey ou pluis per le discretion del Justice si soit en Plee personel ut patet per le Statute de Gloucest cap. 8. Essoino de malo lecti ESsoine de malo lecti est un Brief direct al Viscount pur le mitt ' quat ' loyal Chivaliers a veyer un que ad essoin luy mesme De malo lecti Reg. Orig. fol. 8. b. Establishment de Dower EStablishment de Dower semble destre l' Assurance de Dower fait per le Baron ou ses amies devant ou al temps del Espousels Et Assignment de Dower est le Mittant ceo hors per le Heire apÌ„s accordant al Establishment Brit. cap. 102 103. Estandard EStandard ou Standard implia uÌ„ Ensigne en l' guerre mes est auxy use pÌ„ le prlmÌ„ ou Certaine Measure del Roy ê“prortion del que touts les Measures per le Terre devoient estre fait per le Clerke del Market Aulneageor ou auter Officer accordant a lour Function Car il fuit estable ê‘ Magna Charta an 9 H. 3. ca. 25. que la serroit forsque un Assise de Poys Measures per tout le Royalme le quel est jammes confirme ê‘ An. 14 Ed. 3. c. 12. plusors aut's Statutes coÌ„e auxy que touts serroyent fait al Estandard seale ove le Seale le Roy Et bone cause la est que il serroit appel Estandard pÌ„ ceo que il estoia constant immove ad touts auters Measures vient a icel pur lour conformitie en mesme le manÌ„er come Souldiers en le champe on t lour Estandard ou Colours pur lour direction en lour March ou Battel De eux Estandards Measures lies Brit. cap. 30. Veies le Stat. 17. Car. 1. c. 19. Estate EState est cel Title ou Interest que home ad en Terres ou Tenements come Estate simple auterment appell Fee-simple Estate Conditional ou sur Condition que est ou sur Condition en Fait ou sur Condition en Ley. Veies Littl. lib. 3. cap. 5. Estoppel EStoppel est quant un est conclude denie en Ley 〈◊〉 â— arlar encounter son act ou fait demÌ„ nient obstant il soit pÌ„ dire le veritie Et de Estoppels il y ad un grand number Un pur example est quant J. S. est oblige en un Obligation per le nosme de T. S. ou ascun aut ' nosmÌ„ est sue apres accordaÌ„t al mesme le nosme mis en l' Obligation ore il ne serra receive a dire que il est misnosme mes ferra chase a respon â— accor â— al nosme mis eÌ„ l'Obligation cest adire T. S car peradventure l' Obligee ne scavoit pas son nosme mes ê‘ le report tantsolement del Obligor mesmÌ„ entant qÌ„ il est mÌ„ le hoÌ„e que fuit oblige il serra estoppe denie en Ley pÌ„ adire le contrarie encont ' son fait demesne car autermÌ„ il poit prend advantage 〈◊〉 son tort demesne le quel le Ley ne voit suffer uÌ„ hoÌ„ne de faire Si le file que est Heire a son pere voit suer Liverie ove sa soer que est un Bastard el ne serra apres receive pur dire que sa soer est un Bastard entant que si la Bastard soer prist le moietie del Terre il nad Remedie per le Ley. Auxy si un home seisie de TrÌ„e en Fee-simple voit prender un Lease pÌ„ ans de mesme le TrÌ„e d'un estranger ê‘ Fait indent cest un Estoppel durant le terme d'ans le Lessee est per ceo barre a dire le veritie car le veritie est Que il que lessa le TrÌ„e nad riens en ceo al temps le Lease fait q' le Fee-simple fuit eÌ„ le Lessee Mes ceo il ne serra receive adire tanque apÌ„s les ans serra determine pÌ„ ceo que il
' tiel Chien forfeitera al Roy trois souls quat ' deniers Crompt Jurisd fol. 152. Manwood ufast mesmÌ„ le ê‘ol part 1. de son Forrest Ley fol. 212. relata le ancient manner de expeditating de Chiens que fuit que les trois Ortelles del Primer pee del dext ' latere serroÌ„t abscindus ê‘ le pelle a que il auxy adde hors del OrdinaÌ„ce appel l' Assise del Forrest que mÌ„ le manner de expeditating des ChieÌ„s serra jammÌ„s use observe nul auter Quaere de que il surde que Crompton il differont l'un disant que le Ball del pee est abscinde l' aut ' q' les trois primer Ortilles soÌ„t desumus ê‘ le pelle Expensis Militum levandis EXpensis Militum levandis est un BrÌ„e direct al Viscount pur levier le Allowance pur Chivalers del ParliamÌ„t Regist orig fo 191. b. Et Expensis Militum non levandis ab hominibus de Antiquo Dominico nec a Nativis est un Brief de ê‘hibit l' Viscount â— levier ascun Allowance pur les Chivalers del County sur tiels queux tiendront en Ancient Demesne c. â— bidem fol. 261. b. Extend EXtend est appraiser les Terre â— ou Tenements â— un oblige per Statute c. que ad ceo forfeite deliverer eux al Conusee a tiel endifferent rate come per l' annuel Profits le Conusee en temps poit estrÌ„ satisfie son Det. Veies Fitz. N. B fol. 131. Cok. lib. 4. fol. 67. F â— lwoods Case Extent EXtent ad deux significatioÌ„s L'un est un BrÌ„e ou ComÌ„ission al Viscount pur le valuing del Terres ou Tenements l' auter l' act del Viscount ou auter Comissioner sur mÌ„ Brief Broke tit Extent fol. 313. Extinguishment EXtinguishment est lou un SnÌ„r ou asc ' aut ' ad ascun Rent ou Service issuaÌ„t dascuÌ„ TerrÌ„ il pÌ„chase mÌ„ le TerrÌ„ issint qÌ„ il ad tiel Estate en le TerrÌ„ coÌ„e il avoit eÌ„ le Rent donques le Rent est extinct pÌ„ ceo que un ne poit aver Rent issuant hors Ä‘ son TerrÌ„ demesnÌ„ Auxy qnÌ„t ascun Rent seera extinct il covient qÌ„ le TerrÌ„ le Rent sont en un mainÌ„ auxy qÌ„ l'Estate qÌ„ il ad ne soit defeasible auxy qÌ„ il ayt auxi bonÌ„ Estate en le TerrÌ„ comÌ„ en le Rent car sil ad Estate eÌ„ le TerrÌ„ forsque pÌ„ vie ou pur ans ad un Fee-simple en le Rent donques le Rent nest extinct mes est en suspence pur cel teÌ„ps apres le terme le Rent est revive Si soit SnÌ„r Mesne Tenant le Seignior purchase le Tenancie l' Mesnaltie est extinct mes le Mesne avera le surplusage del Rent si ascun soit come Rent secke Auxy si home ad Chimin appendant puis purchase le Terre en que le Chimin est donques le Chimin est extinct issint est de un Common appendant Extortion EXtortion est un Tort fait per un Officer Ordinary Archdeacon Official Major Bailife Viscount Escheator South-Viscount Coroner Gaoler ou auter Officer Colore Officii sui en prendant excessive Reward ou Fee pÌ„ execution de son Office ou autermÌ„t nest auter chose en fait que plainÌ„ Robberie mes pluis odible qÌ„ Robberie car Robberie est apparant tout temps ad ove luy le countenance de Vice mes Extortion esteant cy hault Vice qÌ„ Robberie est port ove luy uÌ„ countenance del Vertue ê‘ reasoÌ„â— quel il est le pluis dure destrÌ„ trie ou discerne pur ceo le pluis odible Et uncorÌ„ ascuÌ„s il y ad que ne voiloient demuriÌ„ mes stretch lour Office Credit Conscience pÌ„ purchaser Money cybieÌ„ ê‘ ExtortioÌ„ come autermÌ„t accordant al disans de le Poet Virgil Quid non mortalia pectora cogis Auri sacra fames F. Faculty FAcultie est un ê‘ol plusors soits use eÌ„ le Statute de 25 H. 8. c. 21. il signifie un Priviledge ou special Dispensation grant al home per favor indulgence â— fairÌ„ ceo qÌ„ per le Ley il ne puit fairÌ„ sicoÌ„e de manger ChairÌ„ eÌ„ jours prohibits ou pÌ„ tener deux ou plusors Ecclesiastical Benefices ensemble c. Et pÌ„ le grant ' de ceux Faculties la est un especial Officer desouth l' Archevesque de Canterburie que est appel le Master des Faculties Failer de Record FAiler de Record est qnÌ„t un Action est port envers un que plede ascun matter de Record averre de ceo prove per le Record le Plaintife dit nul tiel Record sur que le DefeÌ„daÌ„t ad jour don a luy pÌ„ amesnÌ„ eins le Record a quel jour il faile ou amesnÌ„ eins un tiel que nest Barre al cest Action donques il est dit pur failer de son Record sur ceo le Plaintife avera Judgment de recoverer Faint Action Faint Pleader FAint Action come Littleton fol. 154. dit est autaÌ„t adire en Ang ois un Fained Action cestascavoire tiel Action que comÌ„t que les ê‘ols de le BrÌ„e sont voyers uncore pur certain causes il nad title per la Ley de recover per mesmÌ„ l' Action Et faux Action est Iou les parols del Brief sont faux Issint Faint Pleader est un covinous faux collusorie manner de Pleading al deceipt 〈◊〉 un tierce ê‘tie Et encounter tiel Faint Pleader ent ' auters choses le vieux Statute en 3 E. 1. c. 29. semble destre fait Fait FAit est un Escript enseale deliver a prover testifier l' Agreement del partie quel Fait il est al chose containe en le Fait come un Fait de Feo â—â— ment est un Prove del Liverie de Seisin car le Terre passe per le Liverie de Seisin mes quant le Fait le Liverie est joynte en â— emble cest un Prove del Liverie que le Feoffor est cont â— nt que le Feoffee avera le Terre Touts Faits s â— nt ou â—â— aint de quel sont de â— x trois ou plusors partes come le case require de que le Feoffor Grantor ou Lessor ad un le Feoffee Grantee ou Lessee un auter ê‘adventure asc ' aut ' ê‘erson auxy un tierce c. Ou autermÌ„t ils sont Faies Poll single forsque un le quel le Feoffee Grantee ou Lessee ad c. Et chescun Fait consist de trois principal choses sans quel il nest perfect Fait de lier les parties nosmement Escripture Sigillation Deliverie 1. Per Escripture est declare les Nosmes del parties al Fait lour Habitations lour Degrees le Chose grauntus sur
N. Naam NAam est le Pursuer on Apprehension des biens moveables de un auter home il est ou loyal ou illoyal Naam loyal est un reasonable Distresse accordant al value del chose pur que Distresse est fait Veies puis de ceo en Hornes Mirrour de Justices lib. 2. Nativo habendo NAtivo habendo est un Brief que gist lou le Villeine ou Nief de un Seigniour est ale â— luy donques le Seigniour avera cest Brief direct al Vic' que il face le SnÌ„r aver son Villein ou Niefe ovesque touts ses chateux En cest Brief plusors Villeins ou Nieses ne purront estrÌ„ demandes que deux mes cy tant des Villeins ou Niefes que voilent joyntmÌ„t poieÌ„t porter BrÌ„e de Libertate probanda Et si un Nief port Brief de Libertate probanda avant que le Seigniour port cest Brief donques le Villein Plaintif ou Niefe serra en peace jesque al venue des Iustices ou autermÌ„t son Brief ne luy aidera Au â— y si un Villein ad demur en Antient demesne per un an jour sans claime del Seigniour donques il ne poit luy seiser deins le dit Franchise Naturalization NAturalization Veies Denizen Ne admittas NE admittas est un Brief direct al Evesque al Suit de un que est Patron de ascun Esglise il doubta que l'Evesque voit collate un son Clerk ou admit un auter Clerk pÌ„sent ê‘ auter home al dit Benefice donques il qÌ„ c ' doubta avera cest Brief de inhibiter le Viscount de collater ou admitter ascun a son Esglise Negativa pregnans NEgativa pregnans est quant un Action Information ou tiel semblable Suite est port envers un le Defendant plead en Barre del ActioÌ„ ou auterment un Negative Plee que nest cy special aunswer al Action mes que il enclude auxy un affirmat â— ve Come pÌ„ example Si uÌ„ BrÌ„e de Entre en casu proviso soit port per cestuy en le Reversion sur Alienation ê‘ le Tenant pur vie supposant que il ad alien en Fee que est un Forselture de son Estate le Tenant al Brief dit que il nad alien en Fee cest un Negative en que est include un Affirmative car nient obstant il soit veray que il nad alien en Fee uncore il poit estre q' il ad fait un Estate en taile le qÌ„l est auxy un Forfeiture donques l' Entry de celuy en l'Reversion est loyal c. Item en un Quare impedit l'Roy fist Title de presenter a un Prebend ratione que les Temporalties de l'Evesquerle fueront en sa mains ê‘ le mort â— W. nuê‘ Episcopum c. Le Defendant dit que ne voida pas esteants les Temportalties eÌ„ les maines â— l Roy ê‘ le mort de W. Cest un Negative pregnant car il poit estre en les maines del Roy auterment que per le mort de W. il suffist al Roy si soit en sa maines c. Issint est lou un Information fuit port in Scaccario vers J. S. pur ceo que il achate lanes pereÌ„ter Sheringtemps Assumption tali anno de J N. Le Defendant dit quod non emit de J. N. come il est alleadge c. Ceo est appelle un Negative pregnant car sil ceo achate de auter uncore il est culpable pur achater Neif ou Nief NIef est un Feme que est bonde ou uÌ„ Villein Feme mes si el marrie un Frankhome el est ê‘ ceo fait frank pur ceo que el sa Baron sont forsque un person en Ley el covient estre de mesme le nature condition en Ley a touts entents coÌ„e sa Baron mes sa Baron est frank a touts entents sans ascun condition en Ley ou autermÌ„t issint per consequens le Feme covient estre est frank accordant al nature son frank Baron Et donques si el soit un foits franke cleerement discharge de Villenage a touts entents el ne poit estre Niefe apres sans especial act fait per luy come Divorce ou Conusans en Court de Record c ' est en favour de Libertie Et pÌ„ ceo un Franke feme ne serra Villeine per prisel del Villein a sa Baron mes lour issue serra Villeines come lour Pere fuit que est contrary a le Ley Civile car la est dit Partus sequitur Ventrem Bondage ou Villeinage ad son coÌ„mencemÌ„t enter les Hebrews son original de Chanaan le fits de Cham qÌ„ pÌ„ ceo que il avoit derise son Pere Noe gisant dissolutement quant il fuit ebrle fuit punie en son fits Chanaan ovesque penaltie d'Bondage Ne Injuste vexes NE injuste vexes Vide Titulo Monstraverunt Next Friend NExt Friend Veies Prochein Amy. Nihil dicit NIhil dicit est quant un Action est pore envers un home le Defendant appeare le Plaintife declare le Defendant ne voile responder ou pleade al Action ne maintaine son Plee mes fait Default ore sur cest Default il serra condemne quia Nihil dicit Nisi prius NIsi prius est un BrÌ„e judicial gist quant l'Enquest est impanell ' retorne devant les Justices en Banke donques le Plaintife ou Defendant poit aver cest BrÌ„e direct al Vil â— ' luy commandant qÌ„ il face vener la Enquest devant les Justices en mÌ„ le Countie a lourvener ceo pÌ„ easement del Enquest Nomination NOmination est lou un poit en droit de son Mannor ou auterment nominate appoint un able Clerk ou hoÌ„e al un Parsonage Vicarage on tiel Spiritual promotion Et nota que cest Nomination poit estre al auter que l' Ordinarie que auter luy presenterÌ„ al Ordinarie Non-ability NOn-abilitie est lou un Action est port vers un le Defendant dit que le Plaintiff est non able de suer asc ' Action demand Judgment sil serra responde Il y ad 6 causes de Non-abilitie en le Plaintiff come sil soit Utlage ou Alien nee mes cest Disabilitie est en Actions reals mix solement non en Actions personals si non que il solt un Alien enemie ou condemne en Praemunire ou ê“fesse en un Abbie Priorie ou Frierie ou Excommenge ou un Villeine sue son Seignoir Mes cest darreine nest Plee pur auter que nest Seignior al Villeine Vide de ceo Littl. l. 2. c. 7. Non-age NOn-age est tout les temps de l'age del home desouth 21 ans en
nemy ê‘ title de Discent â— ascun de fes ancestors Veies Littl. l. 1. c. 1. Purlue PUrlue est tout cest Terre ê“chein ascun Forrest qÌ„ esteant fait Forrest ê‘ Henry le second Richard l' printer ou Joan le Roy fuist ê‘ Perambulations grantus ê‘ Henry le tierce severÌ„ arerÌ„ del mesmÌ„ Manwood part 2. de ses Forrest Leys c. 20. Et semble qÌ„ cest parol est fait ou de pouralle ceo est perambulare ou purelieu ceo est purus locus pÌ„ ceo que tiels TrÌ„es queux fueront ê‘ ceux Roys subject al Leys Ordinances del Forrest sont jammes ciere franke del mesme Come les Civilians appel ceo purum locum qui Sepulchrorum religioni non est obstructus en meimÌ„ le manÌ„er e ' puit estrÌ„ appeal pure lieu pÌ„ ceo qÌ„ est exempt del servitude ou thraldom qÌ„ fuist par devant sur ceo impose Purlue home est cestuy que ad TrÌ„es deins le Purlieu esteant able a dispender 40 soulz per l'an de Franktene ment est sur ceux deux choses licence de chaser en son Purlieu demesne Manwood part 1. p. 151. 177. Veies le Statute 1 Jac. 27. Purpresture PUrpresture est un â—â— arol derive de Franco â— Pourpris qÌ„ signifie de pre â— der del auter pÌ„ approp â—â—â— a luy mesme pÌ„ ceo un Purpresture eÌ„ un general sense est prise pÌ„ ascÌ„ tiel tort sait ê‘ un home al auter Purpresture en un Forrest est chescun Encrochment sur le Forrest le Roy soit ceo per Edifier Incloser ou ê‘ user d' ascun libertie ou privilege sans un loyal garrant issint faire Et de ceo veies Manw. For. Leys c. 10. f. 74. a. Purveyors PUrveyors suer ' auncient Offices a ê“vider Victuals pur le Roy Quel office est mencÌ„on en Stat. 28 Ed. 1. cap. 2. 36 Ed. 4. cap. 6. 14 Ed. 3. cap. 19. Mes est aboly ê‘ Stat. 12 Car. 2. cap. 24. Q. Quadrantata terrae Quadrantata terrae est le quarte part d'un Acre Quae plura QUae plura est un Briefe que gist en case lou le Escheator ad trove un Office virtute officii apres le mort le Tenant le Roy nad trove touts les TrÌ„es des queux il morust selsie adoÌ„ques cest BrÌ„e issera eÌ„ nature d'un Melius inquirendo pÌ„ trover qÌ„ux TrÌ„es il avoit plusors Veies F. N. B. 255. a. Quale jus QUale jus est un Brief qÌ„ gist lou ascun Abbot Prior ou tiels auters averont Judgment de recover TrÌ„e ê‘ le Default del Tenant vers qÌ„ le Terre est demaunde donque devant judgment done ou Execution agard cest BrÌ„e isse ra al Escheator pÌ„ enquirer quel droit il ad a recover Et si soit trove que il nad droit donques le Seignior qÌ„ duist aver le Terre le Tenant ust alien en MortmainÌ„ poit enter come en Terre alien en Mortmaine car cel perder ê‘ Default est semble a un Alienation Vide le Statute de Westm 2. c. 32. Mes lou un voile doner Terres ad Meason de Religion un Ad quod damnum issera al Escheator pur enquirer de que value le Terre est quel prejudice il serra al Roy. Quare ejecit infra terminum QUare ejecit infra terminum est un BrÌ„e que gist lou un fait Lease a un auter pur terme d' ans le Lessor enfeoffa un auter le Feoffee ousta le Termour donques le Termour avera cest Brief vers le Feoffee Mes si un auter estranger ouste le Termour donques il avera Brief De ejectione firmae vers luy Et en ceux deux BrÌ„es il recovera le terme ses dammages Quare impedit QUare impedit est un BrÌ„e que gist lou jeo ay Advowson le Parson devie un auter present son Clerk ou disturbe de presenter donqÌ„s jeo avera le dit Brief Mes Assise de darrein presentment gist lou jeo ou mon ancestors ount present devant Et lou home poit aver Assise de darrein presentment il poit aver un Quare impedit mes nemy contrarie Auxy si l' Plee solt dependant enter deux parties ne soit discusse deins size moys l' Evesque presentera per laps cestuy que ad droit de presenter recovera dammages come appiert per le Statute de Westm 2. c. 5. Et si cestuy que ad droit de presenter apÌ„s le mort del Parson ne porta Quare impedit ne Darreine presentment mes suffer un estranger d'usurper sur luy uncore il avera un Brief de Droit d' Advowson Mes cest Brief ne gist si il ne claime â— aver le Advowson a luy ses heirs en Fee Quare incumbravit QUare incumbravit est un Brief que gist lour deux sont en Plee pur l' Advowson l' Evesque admit le Clerk d'un d'eux deins le size moys donques il avera ceo BrÌ„e vers l' Evesque Mes ceo Brief gist touts soits pendant le Plee Quare intrusit Matrimonio non satisfacto QUare intrusit Matrimonio non satisfacto est un Brief que gist lou le Seignior ê“fera convenable Marriage a son Garde il refusa entra eÌ„ le Terre soy marry a un auter donques le Seignior avera cest Brief vers luy Quare non admisit QUare non admisit est un Brief que gist lou home ad recover un Advowson il manda son convenable Clerke al Evesque pur admit l' Evesque ne voile luy receiver donques il avera le dit Brief vers l' Evesque Mes Brief de Ne admittas gist lou deux sont en Plee si le Plaintiff suppose que l' Evesque voit admit le Clerk le Defendant donques il poit aver cest BrÌ„e al Evesque luy comman â— ane que il ne luy admitte pendant le Plee Quarels QUarels est derive a Querendo extend non solemÌ„t al Actions cybien real come personal mes auxy al Causes de Actions Suits issint que ê‘ Release de touts Quarels non solement Actions dependant en Suit mes Causes 〈◊〉 Action Suit auxy sont release Quarels Controversies Debates soÌ„t Synonyma de un mesme signification Coke lib. 8. fol. 153. Quarentine QUarentine est lou home devie seisie 〈◊〉 un ManÌ„or-place de auters Terres dont sa Feme doit estre endow donques la feme tiendra se en le Mannour-place la vive de le store profits de ceo per quarant jours deins quel temps sa Dower serra a luy assigne come appiert en Magna Charta cap. 6. Que estate QUe
droit lou en un Action port vers Tenant del Frank-tenement il plede faintment Rescous REscous est un Brief que gist quant ascun home prent Distress un auter repriss Distress de luy ne voile suffer luy amesner l' Distress ceo est un Rescous sur quel il poit aver cest Brief recovera dammages Auxy si un distrein Beasts pur dammage feasant en sa Terre les enchasea per le hault chimin pur eux enparker en alant ils entront en le meason de celuy a que ils sont il eux detient la ne voile suffer le auter de eux enparker ceo detainer est Rescous Auxi si le Viscount prist mon dettor per Execution ou mesne Process J. S. rescue luy hors del Custody del Viscount Jeo avera accÌ„on de Rescous versus J. S. pur cest tort recovera Damages Debt Reservation REservation est prise divers voyes ad divers natures CoÌ„e ascuÌ„ foits ê‘ voy de exception 〈◊〉 reserve ceo que un home ad devant en luy Come si uÌ„ Leafe soit fait pur ans de Terre reservant les grand Arbors cressant sur ceo ore le Lessee ne poit meddle ovesque eux ne ovesque asc ' chose q' vient 〈◊〉 eux cy longe come il demurt eÌ„ ou sur les Arbors come Mast â— Oake Chesnut Pomes ou tiels semblables mes sils chient del Arbors al terre donq s ils sont en droit l'Lessees car le Terre est Lesse a luy tout sur c ' nient reserve c. Ascun foi â— s un Res â— rvation obtaine port hors un auter chose que ne fuit devant CoÌ„e fi un home lessa ses Terres reservant annualmÌ„t pur c ' xx l. c. Et divers auters tielx Reservations y sont Et nota que en ancient temps lour Reserv â— tions fueroÌ„t cybien en Victuals soit ceo Carne Pishe B â— ees Pane Boyer ou auterment come eÌ„ Money tanque al darreine specialment en le temps del Roy Henry le 1. per agreement le Reservation de Victuals fuit change en prist Money come il ad tanque cy continue Residence REsidence venust â— l Latine Residere est tout un ove Resiance si non que cest parol Residence est plus tost appropriate al Continuance dun Parson ou Vicar sur son Esglise ou Benefice issint est use en le Stat. de 28 H. 8. cap. 13. Resignation REsignation est lou un Incumbent de un Esglise resigne ou relinquish ceo al Ordinarie que luy ait admit a ceo ou a ses Successors que differ del Surrender quant ê‘ cel il a que le Resignation est fait nad ascun Interest en le chose issint resigne mes cestuy a que surrender est fait avoit per ceo le chose mesme Restitution REstitution est quant un Judgment est reverse per Error donque Brief de Restitution issera pÌ„ le Defendant en l' Action a restorer a luy tout ceo qÌ„ il ad ê“dus Est auxi un Brief de Restitution de Biens emblees sur Conviction d'un laroÌ„ quel est fait al Session on Assizes Sur Stat. 21 H. 8. 11. Noy rep 128. Resummons REsummons est un Second Summons d'un home pÌ„ responder al un Action lou le primer Summons est defeat ê‘ le Demise le Roy ou tiel semblable cause Et de ceo veies Coke lib. 7. fol. 29. b. Auxi si Terr-tenant retorne sur Scire facias ou auter Action plead non-age le parol demurr tanque c. Quant il veign de p'ein age le Plaintif sur suggestion pÌ„ aver Scire facias ou resum Et issint ou plea est stay per pleder de Protection Excomengement ou auter tiel disability Resumption REsumption est un parol use en le Stat. de 31 H. 6. c. 7. est la prise pÌ„ le Reprendre en les maines le Roy de tiels Terres ou Tenements come sur faux suggestion ou auter error le Roy ussoit deliver al un Heire ou grant per Patent al ascun home Retraxit REtraxit est le Preterperfect tense de Retraho pur evulser arere est quant le Plaintif ou ê‘tie Demandant veient eÌ„ ê“per ê‘son eÌ„ le Court lou son Suit est dit que il ne voit ulterius prosequi in placito illo c. ceo serra un Barre al Action a touts jours Reve ou Reeve REeve est un Officer pluis conous en ancient teÌ„ps qÌ„ a cest jour car chesc ' Mannor ad donques un Reeve uncore en divers Copihold-Mannors ou le veiele custom pÌ„vaile le nosme office nest en tout oblie Et est en effect ceo qÌ„ a ore chesc ' Bailiff d'un ManÌ„or practise nient obstant le nosme de Bailiff ne fuit donqÌ„s eÌ„ ure enter nous esteant puis port eins ê‘ les Normans Mes le nosme de Reeve ancientment appel Greeve quel particle Ge en continuance del temps fuit ousterment omise perde vient del Saxon parol Gerefa que signifie un Ruler Et issint verament son Rule Auctoritie fuit large deins le compass del ManÌ„or son Seignior enter ses homes Tenants cybien en choses de GovernmÌ„t en peace guerre coÌ„e en le skilful use trade de Husbandry Car sicome il collect ses Rents del SnÌ„r pay Reprises ou Duties issuant hors del Mannor appoint les Servants de worker succide decoupe Arbres pÌ„ repairer les Edifices Enclosures ovesque divers tiels semblables pÌ„ le commoditie del SeignÌ„t issint auxy il ad auctoritie de governer gard les Tenants en paix sil besoigne 〈◊〉 conducter eux en guerre Reversion REversion de Terre est un certaine Estate remainant en le Lessor ou Donor apres le particular Estate Possession convey al un auter per Lease pÌ„ vie ou ans ou Done en taile Et est appel un Reversion en respect de le possession separate de ceo issint que il que ad l' un nad l' auter a mesme le temps car en un corps simul la ne poit estre dit un Reversion pur ceo que per l'uniting l' un est merge en l' auter Et issint le Reversion del Terre est le TrÌ„e mesmÌ„ quant il eschuest Ribaud RIbaud semble d'estre sturdy Vagabonds Rot. Parl. 50 E. 3. 61. Right Right de Entrie RIght Right de Entry Veies en Droit Riot RIot est Ioutrois al meins ou plures font asc ' illoyal act come de bater un hoÌ„e enter sur le possession d'un auter vel hujusmodi Robbery RObberie est
by Service to pay to his Lord yearly at such a Feast an Horse an Hawk a Rose a Cherry or such like there if the Lord purchase parcel of the land this Service is gone absolutely because an Horse an Hawk a Rose a Cherry and such other cannot be divided or apportioned without damage to the whole In some cases Rent-charge shall be apportioned as if a man hath a Rent-charge issuing out of Land and his Father purchases parcel of the Lands charged in fee and dies and this parcel descends to his son who hath the Rent-charge there this charge shall be apportioned according to the value of the land because such portion of the Land purchased by the Father comes not to the son by his own act but by descent and course of Law Common appendant is of a common right and severable and although the Commoner in such case purchase parcel of the Land wherein the Common is appendant yet the Common shall be apportioned but in this case Common appurtenant and not appendant by such purchase is extinct Coke lib. 8. fol. 79. Appropriations APpropriations were when those Houses of Religion and those religious persons as Abbots Priors and such like had the Advowson of any Parsonage to them and their Successors and obtained licence of the Pope Ordinary and King that they themselves and their Successors from thenceforth should be Parsons there and that it should be from thanceforth a Vicarage and the Vicar should serve the Cure And so at the beginning Appropriations were made only to those persons Spiritual that could administer the Sacraments and say divine Service as Abbots Priors Deans and such like After by little and little they were enlarged and made to others as namely to a Dean and Chapter which is a Body corporate consssting of many which Body together could not say divine Service and which was more to Nuns that were Prioresses of some Nunnery which was a wicked thing in regard that they could neither administer Sacraments nor preach nor say divine Service to the Parishioners And all this was upon pretence of Hospitality and maintenance thereof And to supply these defects a Vicar was devised who should be Deputy to the Priors or to the Dean and Chapter and also at the last to the said Abbots and others to say divine Service and should have for his labour but a little portion and they to whom the Appropriations were made should retain the greater revenues and they did nothing for it by means whereof Hospitality decayed in the place where it ought to have been chiefly maintained namely in the Parish where the Benefice was and where the profits grew and so it continues to this day if not worse since not only Friers and Nuns but Lay-men and seculer women are possessed of them to the great hinderance of Learning impoverishment of the Ministry and infamy of the Gospel and professors thereof The Vicar shall have a certain portion of the Benefice and the Abbot and the Covent shall be Parsons and shall have the other profits This is called Appropriation and then the Abbot and Covent shall be Parsons emparsonees but such Appropriation may not be made to begin in the life of the Parson without his assent And after the Church was appropriated then was it an incident inseparable to the House of Religion to which it was so appropriated And therefore where the Lands of the Templars in England were given by the general words of an Act of Parliament of 17 E. 2. to the Hospitallers it was adjudged That the Hospitaliers by the said Act should not have the Appropriation for it was inseparably annexed to the Corporation of the Templars which thing consisting in an inseparable privity by the general words of an Act of Parliament shall not be transferred to others Coke lib. 7. fol. 13. a. But if such Advowsons of the Parsonage be recovered by ancient Title then the Appropriation is adnulled And it is called Appropriation for that they hold the profits to their own proper use Approvement APprovement is where a man hath Common in the Lords waste ground and the Lord incloses part of the Waste for himself leaving nevertheless sufficient Common with egress and regress for the Commâ—ners This inclosing is called Approvement See Reg. Jud. fol. 8 9. Approver APprover or Appellor is he who hath committed some Felony which he confesses and now appeals or approves that is accuses others who were Coadjuters or Helpers with him in doing the same or other Felonies which thing he will approve And this proof is to be either by Battel or by the Countrey at his election that appealed This accusation is often done defore the Coroner who either is assigned to the Felon by the Court to take and record that which he saith or is called by the Felon himself and required for the good of the Prince and Common wealth to record that which he shall say The Oath of the Approver when he begins the combate as also the Proclamation by the Heraulds appear in Crompt pag. ult If a man of good fame be appealed by an Approver by which he is taken and kept in prison yet he may have a Writ to be directed to the Sheriff commanding him to suffer the party appealed to be bailed by good Sureties But if a man appealed by an Approver be kept in prison and afterwards the Approver dies there he may sue a Writ directed to the Sheriff to suffer him to be bailed upon good Surety if he be not a notorious Felon although he be not of good fame Fitz. N. B. 250. d. The Kings Approvers THE Kings Approvers are those that have the letting of the Kings Demeans in small Mannors for the Kings greater advantage And for such Approvers you may read in the Stat. 2 E. 3. c. 12. that they were men s â— nt into divers Countries to increase the Farms of Hundreds and Wapentakes And you may see in the Statute made in 1 E. 3. c. 8. that the Sheriffs call themselves the Kings Approvers Arbitrement ARbitrement is an award Determination or Iudgement which one or more makes at the request of two parties at the least for and upon some Debt Trespass or other Controversie had between them And this is called in Latin Arbitratus and Arbitrium and they tha â— make the Award or Arbitrement are called Arbitri in English Arbitrators To every Arbitrement five things are incident sc Matter of Controversie Submission Parties to the Submission Arbitrors and giving up of the Arbitrement Dyer 217. pl. 62. If the Arbitrement be made that the one party shall go quit of all Actions which the other hath against him and nothing is said of the Actions which he hath against the other this Arbitrement is void because it was made of the one part and not of the other 7 H. 6. ca. 40. When a Submission to an Arbitrement is general of all Actions c. and the Arbitrator makes an Award only of one
yet this may well stand with the generality of the words that there was but one Cause depending between them for A generality implies no certainty And if the Arbitrement should be for this avoided then many Arbitrements might be avoided for the one might conceal a Trespass done or other cause of Action given him and so avoid the Arbitrement Also no party to any Arbitrement shall be by it bound unless the Award be delivered unto him as it is in Co. lib. 5. f. 103. See Co. l. 8. fol. 98. Arches ARches or the Court of the Arches is the chief and most ancient Consistory belonging unto the Archbishop of Canterb. and it is called from the Arches of the Church where the Court is kept namely Bow-Church in London And of this Cour â— mention is made in Stat. 24 H. 8. cap. 12. touching Appeals Arms. ARms in the understanding of the Law is extended to any thing that a man in his anger or fury takes into his hand to cast at or strike another Cromp. Justice of Peace fol. 65. a. Array ARray is the taking or ordering a Iury or Enquest of men that are impannelled upon any cause 18 H. 6. cap. 14. from whence comes the Verb to array a pannel Old N. B. f. 157. that is to set forth one by another the men that are impannelled The Array shall be quashed ibid. By Statute every Array in Assise ought to be made four dayes before Brook tit Pannel num 10. To challenge the Array Kitch 92. Arrain ARrain is to put a thing in order or in his place As one is said to arrain an Assise of Novel Disseisin in the County in which it ought to be brought for trial before the Iustices of that Circuit Old N. B. fol. 109. And in such sense Litt. hath used the same word The Lessee attains an Assese of Novel Disseisin Also a prisoner is said to be arraigned when he is indicted and put to his trial Arrerages ARrerages are Duties behind unpaid after the days and times in which they were due and ought to have been paid whether they be Rents of a Manor or any other thing reserved Arrest ARrest is when one is taken and restrained for his liberty None shall be arrested for Debt Trespass Detinue or other cause of Action but by virtue of a precept or commandment out of some Court But for Treason Felony or breaking of the Peace every man hath authority to arrest without warrant or Precept And where one shall be arrested for Felony it behoves that some Felony be done and that he be suspected of the same Felony or otherwise he may have against him that did so arrest him a Writ of False imprisonment And when any man shall be arrested for Felony he shall be brought to the Goal there to abide till the next Sessions to be indicted or delivered by Proclamation Arretted ARretted is he that is convented before any Iudge and charged with a crime Sometimes it is used for imputed or laid unto As no folly can be arretted to him that is within age Lit. cap. Remit This word may come of the Latiu word Rectus for Bacton hath this Phrase Ad rectum habere malefactorem so that he may be charged and put to his trial And in another place he saith Rectarus de morte hominis Assach ASsach seems to be a Brittish word and to signifie a strange kind of Excuse or Purgation by the Oaths of 300. men Anno 1 H. 5. cap. 5. Assart ASsart is an offence committed in the Forest by pulling up by the Roots the Woods which are thickets or coverts of the Forest and by making them as plain as the arable Land This Assart of the Forest is the greatest offence or trespass that can be done in the Forest to Vert or Venison containing in it Waste or more For where Waste of the Forest is nothing but the felling and cutting down of the Covert wood which may in time grow again an Assart is a pulling up by the root by which they can never grow again Man part 2. c. 9. num 1. A writ of Ad quod damnum may be awarded where a man will sue licence to assart his Land within the Forest and make it several for Tillage so that it is no offence if it be done by licence Regist orig fol. 257. Assault ASsault from the French Assaillir signifies a violent kind of injury offered to a mans person of a more large extent than Battery for it may be committed by offering a blow or by a terrifying speech Lamb. Eiren. lib. 1. cap. 3. Assayer ASsayer is an Officer of the Mint appointed by the Stat. of 2 H. 6. c. 12. to be present at the taking in of the Bullion as a party indifferent between the Master of the Mint and the Merchant to set the true value of the Bullion according to the Law Assets ASsets is in two sorts the one called Assets per discent the other Assets enter maines Assets â— discent is where a man is bound in an Obligation and dies secised of Lands in Fee-simple which descend to his Heir then his land shall be called Assets that is enough or sufficient to pay the same debt and by that means the Heir shall be charged as far as the Land so to him descended will stretch But if he have aliened before the Obligation be put in Suit he is discharged Also when a man seised of lands in tail or in the right of his wife aliens the same with warranty and hath in value as much Lands in Fee-simple which descends to his Heir who is also Heir in Tail or Heir to the woman now if the Heir after the decease of his Ancestor bring a Writ of Formedon or Sur cui in vita for the land so aliened then he shall be barred by reason of the Warranty and the land so descended which is as much in value as that which was sold and so thereby he hath received no prejudice Therefore this Land is called Assets per discent Assets enter maines is when a man indebted as before is said makes Executors and leaves them sufficient to pay or some commodity or profit is come unto them in right of their Testator this is called Assets in their hands Assignee ASsignee is he to whom a thing is appointed or assigned to be used paid or done and is always such a person who occupres or hath the thing so assigned in his own right and for himself And of Assignees there are two sorts namely Assignee in Deed and Assignee in Law Assignee in Deed is when a Lease is granted to a man and his Assignees or without that word Assignees and the Grantee gives grants or sells the same Lease to another he is his Assignee in Deed. Assignee in Law is every Executor named by the Testator in his Testament As if a Lease be made to a man and his Assignees as is aforesaid and he makes his Executors and dies without assignment of the