thing without readie paiment and those that from thencefoorth did contrarie to this ordinance should be extremelie punished There was granted to the king in this parlement six and twentie shillings line 10 eight pence of euerie sacke of wooll that was to be transported ouer the sea for thrée yeares next insuing Furthermore at the sute of the commons it was ordeined and established by an act in this parlement deuised that men of law should plead their causes and write their actions and plaints in the English toong and not in the French as they had béene accustomed to doo euer since the Conquerors time It was ordeined also that schoolemasters should teach line 20 their scholers to construe their lessons in English not in French as before they had béene vsed The K. shewed so much curtesie to the French hostages that he permitted them to go ouer to Calis and there being néere home to purchase friendship by oft calling on their fréends for their deliuerance They were suffered to ride to and fro about the marches of Calis for the space of foure daies togither so that on the fourth daie before sunne setting they returned into Calis againe The duke of Aniou turning this libertie line 30 to serue his owne turne departed from thence and went home into France without making his fellowes priuie to his purpose This yeare a parlement was called by the king which began the ninth of October from the which none of the noble men could obteine licence to be absent In this parlement all rich ornaments of gold and siluer vsed to be worne in kniues girdels ouches rings or otherwise to the setting foorth of the bodie were prohibited except to such as might dispend ten line 40 pounds by yeare Morouer that none should weare any rich clothes or furres except they might dispend an hundred pounds by yeare ¶ Moreouer it was enacted that labourers and husbandmen should not vse any deintie dishes or costlie drinks at their tables But these and such other acts as were deuised and established at this parlement tooke none effect as after it appeared In this yeare there came into England to speake with king Edward concerning their weightie affaires thrée kings to wit the king of line 50 France the king of Scotland the king of Cypres they were honorablie receiued and highlie feasted The king of Scotland and the king of Cypres after they had dispatched their businesse for the which they came turned backe againe but the French king fell sicke and remained here till he died as in the next yeare ye shall heare He arriued here in England about the latter end of this yeare and came to Eltham where king Edward as then laie on the foure and twentith day of Ianuarie year 1364 and there dined line 60 After diner he tooke his horsse and rode toward London and vpon Blacke heath the citizens of London clad in one kind of liuerie and verie well horssed met him and conueied him from thence through to London to the Sauoy where his lodging was prepared About the beginning of March in this eight and thirtith yeare the forenamed French king fell into a gréeuous sickenesse of the which he died the eight day of Aprill following His corps was conueied into France and there buried at S. Denise his exequies were kept here in England in diuerse places right solemnelie by king Edwards appointment This yeare by reason of an extreme sore frost continuing from the seuen and twentith day of September last passed vnto the beginning of Aprill in this eight and thirtith yeare or rather from the seuenth day of December till the ninetenth day of March as Walsingham and other old writers doo report the ground laie vntild to the great hinderance and losse of all growing things on the earth This yeare on Michaelmasse day before the castell of Aulroy not far distant from the citie of Uannes in Britaine a sore battell was fought betwixt the lord Charles de Blois and the lord Iohn of Mountford For when there could be no end made betwixt these two lords touching their title vnto the duchie of Britaine they renewed the wars verie hotlie in that countrie and procured all the aid they might from each side The king of France sent to the aid of his cousine Charls de Blois a thousand speares and the earle of Mountford sent into Gascoigne requiring sir Iohn Chandois and other Englishmen there to come to his succour Sir Iohn Chandois gladlie consented to this request and therevpon got licence of the prince and came into Britaine where he found the earle of Mountford at the siege of the foresaid castell of Aulroy In the meane time the lord Charles de Blois being prouided of men and all things necessarie to giue battell came and lodged fast by his enimies The earle of Mountford aduertised of his approch by the aduise of sir Iohn Chandois and other of his capteins had chosen out a plot of ground to lodge in and meant there to abide their enimies With the lord Charles of Blois was that valiant knight sir Berthram de Cleaquin or Guesclin as some write him by whose aduise there were ordeined three battels and a reregard and in each battell were appointed a thousand of good fighting men On the other part the earle of Mountford diuided his men likewise into thrée battels and a reregard The first was led by sir Robert Knols sir Walter Hewet and sir Richard Brulle or Burlie The second by sir Oliuer de Clisson sir Eustace Daubreticourt and sir Matthew Gournie The third the earle of Mountford him selfe guided and with him was sir Iohn Chandois associat by whom he was much ruled for the king of England whose daughter the earle of Mountford should marie had written to sir Iohn Chandois that he should take good héed to the businesse of the said earle and order the same as sagelie as he might deuise or imagine In ech of these thrée armies were fiue hundred armed men and foure hundred archers In the reregard were appointed fiue hundred men of warre vnder the gouernance of sir Hugh Caluerlie Beside sir Iohn Chandois other Englishmen recited by Froissard there was the lord William Latimer as one of the chiefe on the earle of Mountfords side There were not past sixtéene hundred good fighting men on that side as Thomas Walsingham plainelie writeth Now when the hosts were ordred on both sides as before we haue said they approched togither the Frenchmen came close in their order of battell and were to the number of fiue and twentie hundred men of armes after the manner of that age beside others Euerie man had cut his speare as then they vsed at what time they should ioine in battell to the length of fiue foot and a short ax hanging at his side At the first incounter there was a sore battell and trulie the archers shot right fiercelie howbeit their shot
disordered persons which stirred in other parts of the realme would haue ioined with them by force to haue disappointed and vndoone that which the prince by law and act of parlement in reformation of religion had ordeined and established But afterwards perceiuing how in most places such mischeefous mutinies and diuelish attempts as the commons had begun partlie by force and partlie by policie were appeased or that their cause being but onelie about plucking downe of inclosures and inlarging of commons was diuided from theirs so that either they would not or could not ioine with them in aid of their religious quarrell they began somewhat to doubt of their wicked begun enterprise Notwithstanding now sith they had gone so farre in the matter they thought there was no shrinking backe and therefore determining to proceed they fell to new deuises as first before all things to bring into their hands all such places of force wealth and defense as might in anie respect serue for their aid and furtherance Herevpon the second of Iulie they came before the citie of Excester incamping about the same in great numbers and vsed all waies and meanes they could deuise how to win it by force sometimes assaulting it right sharplie sometimes firing the gates otherwhiles vndermining the wals and at other times as occasions serued procuring skirmishes Finallie nothing was left vndoone which the enimie could imagine to serue his purpose for the winning of that citie And albeit there wanted not lustie stomachs among the citizens to withstand this outward force of the enimie yet in processe of time such scarsitie of bread and vittels increased that the people waxed weariâ loth to abide such extremitie of famine Howbeit the magistrats though it gréeued them to sée the multitude of the citizens in such distresse yet hauing a speciall regard of their dutie toward the prince and loue to the common-wealth left no waies vnsought to quiet the people staie them in their dutifull obedience to resist the enimies so that comforting the people with faire promises and reléeuing their necessities verie liberallie so farre as their power might extend did in such sort vse the matter that euerie of them within resolued with one generall consent to abide the end in hope of some spéedie reléefe And in the meane while when their corne and meale was consumed the gouernors of the citie caused bran and meale to be moulded vp in cloth for otherwise it would not sticke togither Also they caused some excursions to be made out of the citie to take and fetch into the citie such cattell as were found pasturing abroad néere to the wals which being brought in were distributed among the poore To conclude into such extremitie were the miserable citizens brought that albeit mans nature can scarselie abide to féed vpon anie vnaccustomed food yet these sillie men were glad to eat horsse flesh line 10 and to hold themselues well content therewith Whilest the siege thus remained before Excester the rebels spoiled and robbed the countrie abroad and laieng their traitorous heads togither they consulted vpon certeine articles to be sent vp to the king But herein such diuersitie of heads and wits was among them that for euerie kind of braine there was one maner of article so that neither appeared anie consent in their diuersitie nor yet anie constancie in their agréement Some séemed more tollerable others altogither vnreasonable some would haue no line 20 iustices some no state of gentlemen The priests euer harped vpon one string to ring the bishop of Rome into England againe and to hallow home cardinall Poole their countriman After much a doo at length a few articles were agréed vpon to be directed vnto the king with the names of certeine of their heads set therevnto the copie whereof here insueth The articles of the commons of Deuonshire and Cornewall sent to the king with answers afterward following vnto the same FIrst forsomuch as man except he be borne of water and the Holie-ghost can not enter into the kingdome of God and forsomuch as the gates of heauen be not line 40 open without this blessed sacrament of baptisme therefore we will that our curats shall minister this sacrament at all times of need as well on the wéeke daies as on the holie daies 2 Item we will haue our children confirmed of the bishop whensoeuer we shall within the diocesse resort vnto him 3 Item forsomuch as we constantlie beléeue that after the priest hath spoken the words of consecration being at masse there celebrating and consecrating the same there is verie reallie the bodie and line 50 bloud of our sauiour Iesus Christ God and man and that no substance of bread and wine remaineth after but the verie selfe same bodie that was borne of the virgin Marie and was giuen vpon the crosse for our redemption therefore we will haue masse celebrated as it hath beene in times past without anie man communicating with the priests forsomuch as manie rudelie presuming vnworthilie to receiue the same put no difference betweene the Lords bodie other kind of meat some saieng that it is bread before line 60 and after some saieng that it is profitable to no man except he receiue it with manie other abused termes 4 Item we will haue in our churches reseruation 5 Item we will haue holie bread and holie water in the remembrance of Christs pretious bodie and bloud 6 Item we will that our priests shall sing or saie with an audible voice Gods seruice in the quier of the parish churches and not Gods seruice to be set foorth like a Christmasse plaie 7 Item forsomuch as priests be men dedicated to God for ministring and celebrating the blessed sacraments and preaching of Gods word we will that they shall liue chast without marriage as saint Paule did being the elect and chosen vessell of God saieng vnto all honest priests Be you followers of me Item we will that the six articles which our souereigne lord king Henrie the eight set forth in his latter daies shall be vsed and so taken as they were at that time 9 Item we praie God saue king Edward for we be his both bodie and goods For the pacifieng of these rebels were appointed by the king and his councell sir Iohn Russell knight lord priuie seale the lord Greie of Wilton sir William Herbert after earle of Penbroke sir Iohn Paulet sir Hugh Paulet sir Thomas Speake and others with a conuenient power of men of warre both on horssebacke and foot Amongst others there were certeine strangers that came with my lord Greie as capteine Germane an Hennower with a band of horssemen most part Albanoises and Italians Also capteine Paule Baptist Spinola an Italian borne of a noble house in Genoa with a band of Italian footmen But now the lord priuie seale that was ordeined by the king and his councell generall of that armie vpon his first
an other pageant made by the Florentins verie high on the top whereof there stood foure pictures and in the middest of them and most highest there stood an angell all in gréene with a trumpet in his hand and when the line 50 trumpetter who stood secretlie in the pageant did sound his trumpet the angell did put his trumpet to his mouth as though it had béene the same that had sounded to the great maruelling of manie ignorant persons this pageant was made with three thorough faires or gates c. The conduit in Cornehill ran wine and beneath the conduit a pageant made at the charges of the citie and an other at the great conduit in Cheape and a founteine by it running wine The standard in Cheape new painted with the waits line 60 of the citie aloft theron plaieng The crosse in Cheape new washed and burnished An other pageant at the little conduit in Cheape next to Paules was made by the citie where the aldermen stood when the quéene came against them the recorder made a short proposition to hir and then the chamberleine presented to hir in the name of the maior and the citie a purse of cloth of gold and a thousand marks of gold in it then she rode foorth and in Paules church-yard against the schoole one master Heiwood sat in a pageant vnder a vine and made to hir an oration in Latine English Then was there one Peter a Dutchman that stood on the weathercâcke of Paules stéeple holding a streamer in his hand of fiue yards long and wauing thereof stood sometimes on the one foot and shooke the other and then knéeled on his knees to the great maruell of all people He had made two scaffolds vnder him one aboue the crosse hauing torches and streamers set on it and an other ouer the ball of the crosse likewise set with streamers torches which could not burne the wind was so great the said Peter had sixteene pounds thirtéene shillings foure pense giuen him by the citie for his costs and paines and for all his stuffe Then was there a pageant made against the deane of Paules gate where the quéeristers of Paules plaied on vials and soong Ludgate was newlie repared painted and richlie hanged with minstrels plaieng and singing there Then was there an other pageant at the conduit in Fleetstréet and the temple barre was newlie painted and hanged And thus she passed to Whitehall at Westminster where she tooke hir leaue of the lord maior giuing him great thanks for his pains and the citie for their cost On the morrow which was the first daie of October the quéene went by water to the old palace and there remained till about eleuen of the clocke and then went on foot vpon blew cloth being railed on either side vnto saint Peters church where she was solemnlie crowned and annointed by Stephan Gardiner bishop of Winchester for the archbishops of Canturburie and Yorke were then prisoners in the tower which coronation and other ceremonies and solemnities then vsed according to the old custome was not fullie ended till it was nigh foure of the clocke at night that she returned from the church before whom was then borne three swords sheathed one naked The great seruice that daie doone in Westminster hall at dinner by diuerse noblemen would aske long time to write The lord maior of London twelue citizens kept the high cupboord of plate as butlers and the quéene gaue to the maior for his fée a cupboord of gold with a couer weieng seuentéene ounces At the time of this quéenes coronation there was published a generall pardon in hir name being interlaced with so manie exceptions as they that néeded the same most tooke smallest benefit thereby In which were excepted by name no small number not onelie of bishops and other of the cleargie namelie the archbishops of Canturburie and Yorke the bishop of London but also manie lords knights and gentlemen of the laitie beside the two chiefe iustices of England called sir Edward Montacute and sir Roger Cholmeleie with some other learned men in the law for counselling or at the least consenting to the depriuation of quéene Marie and aiding of the foresaid duke of Northumberland in the pretensed right of the before named ladie Iane the names of which persons so being excepted I haue omitted for shortnesse sake As soone as this pardon was published and the solemnitie of the feast of the coronation ended there were certeine commissioners assigned to take order with all such persons as were excepted out of the pardon and others to compound with the queene for their seuerall offenses Which commissioners sat at the deane of Paules his house at the west end of Paules church and there called before them the said persons apart and from some they tooke their fees and offices granted before by king Edward the sixt and yet neuerthelesse putting them to their fines and some they committed to ward depriuing them of their states and liuings so that for the time to those that tasted thereof it seemed verie grieuous God deliuer vs from incurring the like danger of law againe The fift daie of October next following the quéene held hir hie court of parlement at Westminster which continued vntill the one and twentith daie of the said moneth In the first session of which parlement there passed no more acts but one and that was to declare queene Marie lawfull heire in descent to the crowne of England by the common lawes next after hir brother king Edward and to repeale certeine causes of treason fellonie and premunire conteined in diuers former statutes the which act of repeale was for that cardinall Poole was especiallie looked for as after ye shall heare for the reducing of the church of line 10 England to the popes obedience and to the end that the said cardinall now called into England from Rome might hold his courts legantine without the danger of the statutes of the premunire made in that case whereinto cardinall Wolseie when he was legat had incurred to his no small losse and to the charge of all the clergie of England for exercising the like power the which act being once passed foorthwith the queene repaired to the parlement line 20 house and gaue therevnto hir roiall assent and then proroged the parlement vnto the foure and twentith daie of the said moneth In which second session were confirmed and made diuerse and sundrie statutes concerning religion wherof some were restored and other repealed ¶ Sir Thomas White for this yéere maior and merchant tailor a woorthie patrone and protector of poore scholers lerning renewed or rather erected a college in Oxenford now called saint Iohns college before Bernard college He also erected schooles at Bristow line 30 and Reading Moreouer this worshipfull citizen in his life time gaue to the citie of Bristow two thousand pounds of readie monie to purchase lands to
preiudiciall to Iohn Catesbie knight Thomas Reuell and William Ashbie esquiers in of vpon the manour of Kirkebie vpon Wretheke in the countie of Leicester nor in of and vpon anie other lands and tenements in Kirkebie aforesaid Melton Somerbie Thropseghfield and Godebie which they had of the gift feoffement of Thomas Dauers Iohn Lie And further notwithstanding this atteindor diuerse of the said persons afterwards were not onelie by the king pardoned but also restored to their lands and liuings Moreouer in this present parlement he caused proclamation to be made that all men were pardoned and acquited of their offenses which would submit line 10 themselues to his mercie and receiue an oth to be true and faithfull vnto him wherevpon manie that came out of sanctuaries and other places were receiued to grace and admitted for his subiects After this he began to remember his speciall freends of whome some he aduanced to honour and dignitie and some he inriched with goods and possessions euerie man according to his deserts and merits And to begin his vncle Iasper earle of Penbroke he created duke of Bedford Thomas lord Stanleie was line 20 created earle of Derbie and the lord Chendew of Britaine his especiall fréend he made earle of Bath sir Giles Daubeneie was made lord Daubeneie sir Robert Willoughbie was made lord Brooke And Edward Stafford eldest sonne to Henrie late duke of Buckingham he restored to his name dignitie possessions which by king Richard were confiscat and atteinted Beside this in this parlement was this notable act assented to and concluded as followeth to the pleasure of almightie God wealth line 30 prosperitie and suertie of this realme of England and to the singular comfort of all the kings subiects of the same in auoiding all ambiguities and questions An act for the establishing of the crowne in the line of Henrie the seauenth BE it ordeined established and enacted by this present parlement that the inheritance of the crown of this realme of England also of France with all the preheminence and dignitie roiall to the same apperteining all other seigniories to the king belonging beyond the sea with the appurtenances thereto in anie wise due or apperteining shall rest remaine and abide in the most line 50 roiall person of our now souereigne lord king Henrie the seuenth and in the heires of his bodie lawfullie comming perpetuallie with the grace of God so to indure and in none other Beside this act all atteindors of this king enacted by king Edward and king Richard were adnihilated and the record of the same iudged to be defaced and all persons atteinted for his cause and occasion line 60 were restored to their goods lands and possessions Diuerse acts also made in the time of king Edward and king Richard were reuoked and other adiudged more expedient for the common wealth were put in their places and concluded After the dissolution of this parlement the king remembring his fréends left in hostage beyond the seas that is to wit the marquesse Dorset sir Iohn Bourchier he with all conuenient spéed redéemed them and sent also into Flanders for Iohn Morton bishop of Elie. These acts performed he chose to be of his councell a conuenient number of right graue and wise councellors ¶ This did he that he might the more roiallie gouerne his kingdome which he obteined and inioied as a thing by God elected and prouided and by his especiall fauour and gratious aspect compassed and atchiued Insomuch that men commonlie report that seauen hundred nintie seauen yéeres passed it was by a heauenlie voice reuealed to Cadwalader last king of Britains that his stocke progenie should reigne in this land beare dominion againe Wherevpon most men were persuaded in their owne opinion that by this heauenlie voice he was prouided ordeined long before to inioy obteine this kingdome Which thing K. Henrie the sixt did also shew before as it were by propheticall inspiration at such time as the earle of Penbroke presented the said Henrie at that time a proper child vnto Henrie the sixt whome after he had beheld and a good while viewed the comelinesse of his countenance and orderlie lineaments of his bodie he said to such peeres as stood about him Lo suerlie this is he to whome both we and our aduersaries leauing the possession of all things shall hereafter giue roome and place so it came to passe by the appointment of God to whose gouernement gift and disposing all realmes and all dominions are subiect as king Dauid confesseth saieng Omnia sunt regno subdita regna Dei Now although by this meanes all things séemed to be brought in good and perfect order yet there lacked a wrest to the harpe to set all the strings in a monocord and perfect tune which was the matrimonie to be finished betweene the king and the ladie Elizabeth daughter to king Edward Which like a good prince according to his oth promise he did both solemnize consummate shortlie after that is to saie on the eightéenth daie of Ianuarie By reason of which marriage peace was thought to descend out of heauen into England considering that the lines of Lancaster and Yorke were now brought into one knot and connexed togither of whose two bodies one heire might succeed to rule and inioie the whole monarchie and realme of England year 1486 which before was rent and diuided into factions partakings whereby manie a mans life was lost great spoiles made of peoples goods wast of wealth worship and honor all which ended in this blessed and gratious connexion authorised by God as our Anglorum praelia saith Hoc Deus omnipotens pacis confecerat author CiuilÃsque habuit tandem contentio finem Shortlie after for the better preseruation of his roiall person he constituted and ordeined a certeine number as well of archers as of diuerse other persons hardie strong and actiue to giue dailie attendance on his person whom he named yeomen of his gard which president men thought that he learned of the French king when he was in France For it is not remembred that anie king of England before that daie vsed anie such furniture of dailie souldiers ¶ In this same yéere a new kind of sickenes inuaded suddenlie the people of this land passing through the same from the one end to the other It began about the one and twentith of September and continued vntill the latter end of October being so sharpe and deadlie that the like was neuer heard of to anie mans remembrance before that time For suddenlie a deadlie burning sweat so assailed their bodies and distempered their bloud with a most ardent heat that scarse one amongst an hundred that sickened did escape with life for all in maner as soone as the sweat tooke them or within a short time after yéelded the ghost Beside the great number which deceassed within the citie of London two
immediatlie sent to the tower and three daies after Connesbie was committed thither also They remained there in ward about ten daies and were then deliuered Sir Humfreie Browne was the kings sargeant at law sir Nicholas Hare was one of the kings councellors and speaker of the parlement who being then depriued was now againe thereto restored William Connesbie was attorneie of the dutchie of Lancaster In this parlement were freelie granted without contradictions foure fiftéenes and a subsidie of two shillings of lands and twelue pence of goods toward the kings great charges of making Bâlworkes The eighteenth of Aprill at Westminster was Thomas lord Cromwell created earle of Essex and ordeined great chamberleine of England which office the earles of Oxford were woont euer to enioie also Gregorie his sonne was made lord Cromwell The foure and twentith of Aprill Thomas lord Audleie chancellor of England with sir Anthonie Browne maister of the kings horsses were made knights of the night honourable order of the garter On Maie daie was a great triumph of iusting at Westminster which iusts had beene proclaimed in France Flanders Scotland and Spaine for all commers that would against the challengers of England which were sir Iohn Dudleie sir Thomas Seimer sir Thomas Poinings sir George Carew knights Anthonie Kingston and Richard Cromwell esquiers which said challengers came into the lists that daie richlie apparelled and their horsses trapped all in white veluet with certeine knights and gentlemen riding afore them apparelled all in white veluet and white sarsenet and all their seruants in white dublets and hozen cut after the Burgonion fashion and there came to iust against them the said daie of defendants fortie six the earle of Surrie being the formost lord William Howard lord Clinton and lord Cromwell sonne and heire to Thomas Cromwell earle of Essex and chamberleine of England with other which were richlie apparelled And that day sir Iohn Dudleie was ouerthrowne in the field by mischance of his horsse by one master line 10 Breme defendant neuerthelesse he brake diuerse speares valiantlie after that And after the said iusts were doone the said challengers rode to Durham place where they kept open houshold and feasted the king and quéene with hir ladies and all the court The second of Maie Anthonie Kingston Richard Cromwell were made knights at the said place The third of Maie the said challengers did tournie on horssebacke with swords against them came nine and twentie defendants sir Iohn Dudleie and the line 20 earle of Surrie running first who in the first course lost both their gantlets and that daie sir Richard Cromwell ouerthrew master Palmer in the field off his horsse to the great honor of the challengers On the fift of Maie the said challengers fought on foot at the barriers and against them came thirtie defendants which fought valiantlie but sir Richard Cromwell ouerthrew that daie at the barriers master Culpeper in the field The said challengers brake vp their houshold after line 30 they had kept open hospitalitie and feasted the king quéene and all the lords beside all the knights and burgesses of the common house in time of the parlement and the maior aldermen and all their wiues to their no small honor though great expense In the parlement which began the eightéenth of Aprill last past the religion of saint Iohns in England commonlie called the order of knights of the Rhodes was dissolued on the ascension day being the fift of Maie sir William Weston knight prior line 40 of saint Iohns departed this life for thought as was reported which he tooke to the heart after he heard of that dissolution of his order ¶ For the king tooke all the lands that belonged to that order into his hands to the augmentation of his crowne and gaue vnto euerie of the challengers aboue written for a reward of their valiantnesse a hundred marks and a house to dwell in of yearelie reuenues out of the said lands for euer The same moneth were sent to the Tower doctor line 50 Samson bishop of Chichester and doctor Wilson for reléeuing certeine traitorous persons and for the same offense was one Richard Farmer a grocer of London a rich and welthie man and of good estimation in the citie committed to the Marshalseie after at Westminster hall arreigned and atteinted in the premunire so that he lost all his goods ¶ The ninth daie of Iulie Thomas lord Cromwell late made earle of Essex as before you haue heard being in the councell chamber was suddenlie apprehended committed line 60 to the Tower of London the which manie lamented but more reioised and speciallie such as either had béene religious men or fauoured religious persons for they banketed triumphed togither that night manie wishing that that daie had béene seuen yeares before some fearing that he should escape although he were imprisoned could not be merie Other who knew nothing but truth by him both lamented him and heartilie praied for him But this is true that of certeine of the cleargie he was detestablie hated and speciallie such as had borne swinge and by his meanes were put from it for in déed he was a man that in all his dooings seemed not to fauor anie kind of poperie nor could not abide the snuffing pride of some prelats which vndoubtedlie whatsoeuer else was the cause of his death did shorten his life and procured the end that he was brought vnto which was that the ninteenth daie of the said moneth he was atteinted by parlement and neuer came to his answer which law manie reported that he caused first to be made howbeit the plaine truth thereof I know not The articles for which he died appeare in the records where his attaindor is written which are too long here to be rehearsed but to conclude he was there atteinted of heresie and high treason and the eight twentith of Iulie was brought to the scaffold on the Tower hill where he said these words following The words of the lord Cromwell spoken at his death I Am come hither to die and not to purge my selfe as may happen some thinke that I will for if I should so doo I were a verie wretch and a miser I am by the law condemned to die and thanke my Lord God that hath appointed me this death for mine offense For since the time that I came to yeares of discretion I haue liued a sinner and offended my Lord God for the which I aske him hartilie forgiuenesse And it is not vnknowne to manie of you that I haue beene a great traueller in the world and being but of a base degree was called to high estate And since the time I came therevnto I haue offended my prince for the which I aske him hartilie forgiuenesse and beseech you all to praie to God with me that he will forgiue me O Father forgiue me O Sonne forgiue me O Holie ghost
seruant Marie our quéene with child conceiued and so visit hir in and with thy godlie gift of health that not onelie the child thy creature within line 50 hir conteined maie ioifullie come from hir into this world and receiue the blessed sacraments of baptisme and confirmation inioieng therewith dailie increase of all princelie and gratious gifts both of bodie and soule but that also she the mother through thy speciall grace and mercie maie in time of hir trauell auoid all excessiue dolour and paine and abide perfect and sure from all perill and danger of death with long and prosperous life thorough Christ line 60 our Lord Amen ¶ And thus much shall suffice touching this great adoo about quéene Marie and hir babe The second daie of December being sundaie cardinall Poole came to Pauls church in London with great pompe hauing before him a crosse two pillers and two pollaxes of siluer and was there solemnlie receiued by the bishop of Winchester chancellor of England who met him with procession And shortlie after king Philip came from Westminster by land being accompanied with a great number of his nobles And the same daie the bishop of Winchester preached at Pauls crosse in the which sermon he declared that the king and quéene had restored the pope to his right of primasie that the thrée estates assembled in parlement representing the whole bodie of the realme had submitted themselues to his holinesse and to his successors for euer And in the same also he greatlie praised the cardinall and set foorth the passing high authoritie that he had from the ãâã of Rome with much other glorious matter in the commendation of the church of Rome which he called the see apostolike This sermon being ended the king and the cardinall riding togither returned to White hall and the king had his sword borne before him and the cardinall had onelie his crosse and no more The seauen and twentith daie of the said moneth Emanuell Philibert earle of Sauoie and prince of Piemount came into England accompanied with diuerse other lords and gentlemen strangers who were receiued at Grauesend by the earle of Bedford lord priuie seale and conueied by water through London bridge to White hall where the king and queene then laie ¶ On the ninth of Ianuarie next following the prince of Orange was in like maner receiued at Grauesend and from thence conueied to the court being at White hall The twelfth of Ianuarie the said prince of Orange with other lords was conducted by the lord chamberlein to the tower of London where was shewed vnto him the ordinance artillerie munitions and armorie with the mint c and so was brought into the white tower from whence as he returned through the long gallerie all the prisoners saluted him vnto whome the prince said he was sorie for their captiuitie and trusted the king and quéene would be good vnto them At his departing from the tower he gaue the gunners ten péeces of Flemmish gold at fiue shillings the péece and the warders other ten péeces as a reward Upon wednesdaie the 12 of December fiue of the eight men which laie in the Fléet that had passed vpon sir Nicholas Throckmortons triall were discharged and set at libertie vpon their fines paid which was two hundred and twentie pounds a péece The other thrée put vp a supplication therein declaring their goods did not amount to the summe of that which they were appointed to paie and so vpon that declaration paieng thrée score pounds a péece they were deliuered out of prison on saint Thomas daie before Christmas being the one twentith of December The two and twentith of the same moneth the parlement which began the two and twentith of Nouember before was dissolued wherein among other acts passed there the statute Ex officio and other lawes made for punishment of heresies were reuiued But chiefelie the popes most liberall bull of dispensation of abbeie land was there confirmed much to the contentation of manie who not without cause suspected by this new vnion to lose some peece of their late purchase ¶ On new yeares daie at night was a great tumult betweene Spaniards and Englishmen at Westminster whereof was like to haue insued great mischiefe through a Spanish frier which got into the church and roong alarum The occasion was about two whores which were in the cloister of Westminster with a sort of Spaniards wherof whilest some plaied the knaues with them other some did kéepe the entrie of the cloister with dags and harnesse In the meane time certeine of the deanes men came into the cloister and the Spaniards discharged their dags at them and hurt some of them By and by the noise of this dooing came into the streets so that the whole towne was vp almost but neuer a stroke was stricken Notwithstanding the noise of this dooing with the deans men and also the ringing of the alarum made much adoo and a great number also to be sore afraid year 1555 Upon fridaie the eighteenth of Ianuarie all the councell by name the lord chancellor the bishop of Elie the lord treasuror the earle of Shrewesburie the comptrollor of the quéenes house secretarie Bourne and sir Richard Southwell master of the ordinance and armorie went to the tower and there the same daie discharged and set at libertie all the prisoners of the tower or the more part of them namelie the archbishop of Yorke the late duke of Northumberlands line 10 sonnes the lords Ambrose Robert and Henrie also sir Andrew Dudleie sir Iames Croftes sir Nicholas Throckmorton sir Iohn Rogers sir Nicholas Arnold sir George Harper sir Edward Warner sir William Sentlow sir Gawen Carew William Gibbes esquier Cutbert Uaughan and diuerse others Moreouer about this season diuerse learned men being apprehended and in prison for matters of religion were brought before the bishops of Winchester line 20 and London and other the bishops and commissioners appointed therefore who vpon the constant standing of the said learned men in their opinions which they had taken vpon them to mainteine as grounded vpon the true word of God as they protested procéeded in iudgement against them and so diuerse of them were burned at London in Smithfield and in diuerse other places Naie not onelie by fire but by other torments were the good christians persecuted whose zeale was hot in religion and defiance line 30 of the pope insomuch that then he was counted Gods enimie which tooke not the pope for the friend of Christ whome he hateth with hostilitie as C.O. noteth verie trulie in his Elisabetha saieng nam creditur hostis Esse Dei papaâ si quis pius asserit hostem Esse Dei veros Christi qui tollit honores In Februarie next following doctor Thirlebie bishop of Elie and Anthonie lord Montacute with a verie honorable traine of gentlemen and others line 40 rode foorth of the citie of
good will and common assent without all constraint we doo consent and grant vnto the noble prince the lord Edward by the grace of God king of England that he as superiour lord of Scotland may heare examine define and determine our claimes chalenges and petitions which we intend to shew and prooue for our right to be receiued before him as superiour lord of the land promising moreouer that we shall take his deed for firme and stable and that he shall inioy the kingdome of Scotland whose right shall by declaration best appeare before him Whereas then the said king of England cannot in this manner take knowledge nor fulfill our meanings without iudgement nor iudgement ought to be without execution nor execution may in due forme be doone without possession and seizine of the said land and castels of the same we will consent and grant that he as superiour lord to performe the premisses may haue the seizine of all the land and castels of the same till they that pretend title to the crowne be satisfied in their suit so that before he be put in possession and seizine he find sufficient suertie to vs that pretend title and to the wardens and to all the communaltie of the kingdome of Scotland that he shall restore the same kingdome with all the roialtie dignitie seigniorie liberties customes rights lawes vsages possessions and all and whatsoeuer the appurtenances in the same state wherein they were before the seizine to him deliuered vnto him to whome by right it is due according to the iudgement of his regalitie sauing to him the homage of that person that shall be king and this restitution to be made within two moneths after the daie in the which the right shall be discussed and established the issues of the same land in the meane time shall be receiued laid vp and put in safe keeping in the hands of the chamberlaine of Scotland which now is and of him whome the king of England shall to him assigne and this vnder their seales reseruing and allowing the reasonable charges for the sustentation of the land the castels and officers of the kingdome In witnesse of all the which premisses we haue vnto these letters set our seales Giuen at Norham the wednesday next after the feast of the Ascension of our Lord in the yeare of Grace 1291. These two letters the king of England sent vnder his priuie seale vnto diuerse monasteries within his realme in the 19 yéere of his reigne that in perpetuall memorie of the thing thus passed it might be registred in their chronicles Thus by the common assent of the chéefest of the lords in Scotland king Edward receiued the land into his custodie till by due and lawfull triall had it might appeere who was rightfull heire to the crowne there The homage or fealtie of the nobles of Scotland was expressed in words as followeth The forme and tenor of the homage doone by the Scots BIcause all we are come vnto the allegiance of the noble prince Edward king of England we promise for vs and our heires vpon all the danger that we may incurre that we shall be faithfull loiallie hold of him against all maner of mortall men and that line 10 we shall not vnderstand of any damage that may come to the king nor to his heires but we shall staie and impeach the same to our powers And to this we bind our selues our heires and are sworne vpon the euangelists to performe the same Besides this we haue doone fealtie vnto our souereigne lord the said king in these words ech one by himselfe I shall be true line 20 and faithfull and faith and loialtie I shall beare to the king of England Edward and his heires of life member and worldlie honour against all mortall creatures The king hauing receiued as well the possessions of the realme castels manours as other places belonging to the crowne of Scotland he committed the gouernement and custodie of the realme vnto the bishops of S. Andrews and Glasco to the lords Iohn line 30 Comin and Iames Steward who had put him in possession so that vnder him they held the same in maner as they had doone before But in diuerse castels he placed such capteines as he thought most meetest to keepe them to his vse till he had ended the controuersie placed him in the kingdome to whom of right it belonged He also willed the lords of Scotland to elect a sufficient personage to be chancellour of the realme which they did naming Alane bishop of Catnesse whom the king admitted ioining with him line 40 one of his chapleins named Walter Armundesham so that on the 12 of Iune vpon the greene ouer against the the castell of Norham neere to the riuer of Tweed in the parish of Upsetelington before Iohn Balioll Robert Bruce the bishops of S. Andrews and Glasco the lords Comin and Steward wardens of Scotland the bishop of Catnesse receiued his seale appointed him by the king of England as supreme lord of Scotland and there both the said bishop Walter Armundesham were sworne line 50 trulie to gouerne themselues in the office The morrow after were the wardens sworne and with them as associated Brian Fitz Alane and there all the earles and lords of Scotland that were present sware fealtie vnto king Edward as to their supreme souereigne lord and withall there was peace proclaimed and publike edicts set foorth in the name of the same king intituled supreme lord of the realme of Scotland The residue of the Scotish nobilitie earles barons knights and others with the bishops line 60 and abbats vpon his comming into Scotland sware fealtie either to himselfe in person or to such as he appointed his deputies to receiue the same in sundrie towns and places according to order giuen in that behalfe Such as refused to doo their fealties were attached by their bodies till they should doo their fealties as they were bound Those that came not but excused themselues vpon some reasonable cause were heard and had day giuen vntill the next parlement but such as neither came nor made any reasonable excuse were appointed to be distreined to come The bishop of S. Andrewes and Iohn lord Comin of Badenoth with Brian Fitz Alane were assigned to receiue such fealties at S. Iohns towne The bishop of Glasco Iames lord steward of Scotland and Nicholas Segraue were appointed to receiue them at Newcastell of Are. The earle of Southerland and the shiriffe of that countrie with his bailiffes and the chatellaine of Inuernesse were ordeined to receiue those fealties in that countie the chattelaine first to receiue it of the said earle and then he with his said associats to receiue the same of others The lord William de Saintclare and William de Bomille were appointed to receiue fealtie of the bishop of Whitterne and then the said bishop with them to receiue the fealties of all the inhabitants of Gallowaie
Culpepper knight at Windsor the lord Francis de Aldham baron and at Canturburie the lord Bartholomew de Badelismere and the lord Bartholomew de Ashbornham barons Also at Cardiffe in Wales sir William Fleming knight was executed diuerse were executed in their countries as sir Thomas Mandit and others But now touching the foresaid earle of Lancaster great strife rose afterwards amongst the people whether he ought to be reputed for a saint or no. Some held that he ought to be no lesse esteemed for that he did manie almesdéeds in his life time honored men of religion and mainteined a true quarell till his liues end Also his enimies continued not long after but came to euill end Others conceiued an other opinion of him alledging that he fauoured not his wife but liued in spouse-breach defiling a great number of damosels and gentlewomen If anie offended him he slue him shortlie after in his wrathfull mood Apostataes and other euill dooers he mainteined and would not suffer them to be punished by due order of law All his dooings he vsed to commit vnto one of his secretaries and tooke no heed himselfe thereof and as for the manner of his death he fled shamefullie in the fight and was taken and put to death against his will bicause he could not auoid it yet by reason of certeine miracles which were said to be doone néere the place both where he suffered and where he was buried caused manie to thinke he was a saint howbeit at length by the kings coÌmandement the church doores of the priorie where he was buried were shut and closed so that no man might be suffered to come to the toome to bring any offerings or to doo any other kind of deuotion to the same Also the hill where he suffered was kept by certeine Gascoines appointed by the lord Hugh Spenser the sonne then lieng at Pomfret to the end that no people should come and make their praiers there in worship of the said earle whome they tooke verelie for a martyr When the king had subdued the barons shortlie after about the feast of the Ascension of our lord he line 10 held a parlement at Yorke in which parlement the record and whole processe of the decree or iudgement concerning the disheriting of the Spensers ordeined by the lords in parlement assembled at London the last summer was now throughlie examined and for their errours therein found the same record and processe was cléerelie adnthilated and reuersed and the said Spensers were restored to all their lands and offices as before And in the same parlement the lord Hugh Spenser the father was made earle of line 20 Winchester and the lord Andrew de Herklie earle of Carleill Moreouer in the same parlement all such were disherited as had taken part with the earls of Lancaster Hereford except the lord Hugh Audelie the yoonger and a few other the which lord Hugh was pardoned bicause he had married the kings néece that was sister to Gilbert de Clare earle of Glocester which was slaine in Scotland at the battell of Bannockesborne as before is mentioned At this time also master Robert Baldocke a man line 30 euill beloued in the realme was made lord chancellour of England This Robert Baldocke and one Simon Reding were great fauourers of the Spensers and so likewise was the earle of Arundell wherby it may be thought that the Spensers did helpe to aduance them into the kings fauour so that they bare no small rule in the realme during the time that the same Spensers continued in prosperitie which for the terme of fiue yeares after that the foresaid barons as before is expressed were brought to line 40 confusion did woonderfullie increase and the quéene for that she gaue good and faithfull counsell was nothing regarded but by the Spensers meanes cléerelie worne out of the kings fauour Moreouer we find that in this parlement holden at Yorke the kings sonne Edward was made prince of Wales and duke of Aquitaine Also the king caused the ordinances made by the earles and barons to be examined by men of great knowledge and skill and such as were thought necessarie line 50 to be established he commanded that the same should be called statutes and not ordinances Beside a great subsidie granted to the king by the temporaltie the cleargie of all the prouince of Canturburie granted fiue pence of euerie marke and they of the prouince of Yorke foure pence Aimer earle of Penbroke being returned home from this parlement holden at Yorke was arrested by certeine knights sent with authoritie therevnto from the king who brought him backe to Yorke where at length thorough line 60 suit of certeine noble men he was vpon his oth taken to be a faithfull subiect and in consideration of a fine which he paied to the king set at libertie The occasion of his imprisonment came for that he was accused and detected to be a secret fauourer of the barons cause against the Spensers in time of the late troubles Moreouer shortlie after the king gathered the sixt penie of the temporall mens goods thorough England Ireland and Wales which had beene granted to him at the foresaid parlement holden at Yorke towards the defending of the realme against the Scots This taâ was not gathered without great murmur and grudge the realme being in such euill and miserable state as it then was ¶ This yeare also the sunne appeared to mans sight in colour like to bloud and so continued six houres to wit from seuen of the clocke in the morning of the last daie of October vntill one of the clocke in the afternoone of the same daie Here is to be noted that during the time whilest the ciuill warre was in hand betwixt king Edward and his barons the Scots and Frenchmen were not idle for the Scots wasted destroied the countrie of the bishoprike of Durham as before ye haue partlie heard the Frenchmen made roades incursions into the borders of Guien alledging that they did it vpon good and sufficient occasion for that king Edward had not doone his homage vnto the king of France as he ought to haue doone for the duchie of Aquitaine and the countie of Pontieu But the true occasion that mooued them to attempt the warres at that present was for that they were in hope to recouer all the lands which the king of England held within France cleerelie out of his hands for so much as they vnderstood the discord betwixt him and his barons and how infortunatlie he had sped against the Scots by reason whereof they iudged the time to serue most fitlie now for their purpose In the octaues of the natiuitie of saint Iohn Baptist Robert Bruce entring into England by Carleill kept on his waie through Cumberland Coupeland Kendall and so into Lancashire till he came to Preston in Andernesse which towne he burnt as he had doone
did what laie in them now at the first to keepe him from all maner of light demeanor But afterwards when euerie one began to studie more for his owne priuate commoditie than for the aduancement of the common-wealth they set open the gates to other which being readie to corrupt his good nature by little and little grew familiar with him and dimming the brightnesse of true honour with the counterfeit shine of the contrarie so maskered his vnderstanding that in the end they brought line 40 him to tract the steps of lewd demeanor and so were causers both of his and their owne destruction This séemeth to be touched by C. Okland who speaking of the death of the old king and the erection of the new saith of him according to our annales as followeth Vndecimum puer hic nondum transegerat annum Cùm iuuenile caput gessit diademate cinctum Qui postquam princeps iustis adoleuerat annis Dicere non facile est quantum distaret auitis Moribus atque animo fuit hic quà m disparemente line 50 Dissimili ingenio clarae matrÃque patrÃque The Frenchmen not ignorant of such mischéefes as were like to grow in England suffered no time to passe but tooke occasions of aduantage when they were offered ¶ Among other enterprises I find that shortlie after the deceasse of king Edward the duke of Burgognie wan Arde and two or three other fortresses in those marches The Scots this yeare also wan the castell of Berwike by stealth one morning but shortlie vpon knowledge had the earles of line 60 Northumberland and Notingham the lords Neuill Lucie Graistoke Stafford with other lords knights and esquiers came with their powers in all hast thither and entring the towne besieged the castell and finallie assaulting them that kept it wan it of them by force and slue all those Scotishmen which they found within it except Alexander Ramsie their capteine When the Englishmen had thus recouered the castell they entered into Scotland in hope to find the Scots and to fight with them whom they knew to be assembled The English host was thrée thousand men of armes seuen thousand archers but they sent foorth sir Thomas Musgraue with thrée hundred speares ãâ¦ã Gouernour of this siege at the first was Yuan or Owen of Wales but he was murthered one morning as he sat alone viewing the castell and combing his head by one of his owne countriemen which vnder colour to serue him was become with him verie familiar This Owen or Yuan whether ye will for all is one was sonne to a noble man of Wales whom K. Edward had put to death for some offense by him committed where this Yuan got him into France being as then verie yoong and was brought vp in the French court and prooued an expert man of warre so that great lamentation was made for his death by the Frenchmen But the Englishmen although they misliked the maner of his death yet they were not greatlie sorrowfull for the chance sith they were rid thereby of an extreame enimie After that the Englishmen had raised the Frenchmen from the siege of Mortaigne they returned to Burdeaux and after recouered sundrie castels and fortresses in the marches of Burdelois and about Baionne Also they aided the king of Nauarre against the king of Castile and made a road into the confines of Castile But shortlie after a peace was concluded betwixt those two kings so that the lord Charles of Nauarre should marrie the daughter of the king of Castile vpon certeine conditions and so the Englishmen had their wages trulie paid them to their full contentation and therevpon returned About Michaelmasse began a parlement that was summoned at Westminster which continued till the feast of saint Andrew In this parlement the foresaid sir Peter de la Mere and other the knights that had beene so earnest against dame Alice Peres in the last parlement holden by king Edward the third so prosecuted the same cause now in this parlement that the said dame Alice Peres was banished the realme and all hir goods mooueable and vnmooueable forfeited to the king bicause contrarie to that she had promised by oth in the said last parlement she had presumed to come within the court and to obteine of the king what soeuer was to hir liking There were two tenths granted by the clergie to the king in this parlement and two fiftéenes of the temporaltie to be paid the same yeare and two citizens of London William Walworth and Iohn Philpot were appointed to haue the kéeping of that monie to the end it might be imploied to the kings necessarie vses for the defense of the realme Sir Hugh Caluerlie being deputie of Calis comming one morning to Bullongne burnt certeine ships which laie there in the hauen to the number of six and twentie besides two proper barkes being vessels of no small accompt and hauing spoiled and burnt the most part of the base towne he returned to Calis with a great rich bootie of goods and cattell Also where the castell of Marke in absence of the capteine sir Robert de Salle that was gone ouer into England was lost through negligence of them that were left in charge within it the same sir Hugh Caluerlie made such spéed in the matter that he recouered it againe the same daie it was lost by force of assault taking the Frenchmen prisoners that were gotten into it and hanging certeine Picards stipendarie soldiers in the said castell vnder the said sir Robert de Salle for that whilest the Englishmen were gone foorth to see the shooting of a match which line 10 they had made amongst themselues a little off from the castell those Picards being left within shut the gates against them and receiued in the Frenchmen with whome they had practised in treason kéeping the Englishmen foorth to whome the safe kéeping of that castell was committed This yeare was a bull sent from the pope vnto the vniuersitie of Oxenford to apprehend Iohn Wicliffe parson of Lutterworth in Leicestershire within the diocesse of Lincolne Also there were other line 20 bulles to the same effect sent vnto the archbishop of Canturburie and to the bishop of London Likewise to the king were letters directed from the pope to require his fauour against the said Wickliffe so greeuouslie was the pope incensed against him and not without cause for if his conclusions in doctrine tooke effect he well perceiued his papisticall authoritie would shortlie decaie As for the popish cleargie to them not onelie the sect but also the name of Wickliffe was so odious that in recording his opinions line 30 and sectaries they excéed the bounds of all modestie aggrauating such reports as they infer concerning him or his with more than hyperbolicall lies as appeereth by that long and tedious discourse which he wrote that compiling certeine annales intituled De euentibus Angliae prefixeth this verse in the
priuie councell deliuered that letter with foure other letters closed with the same seale first to the lord chancellor and after to the king the which being read and the seale knowne to be the said sir Rafe Ferrers his seale manie greatlie maruelled that so ancient a knight and one in whom so great trust was put should go about any such treasons One of the letters was directed to sir Bertram de Cleaquin an other to the lord de la Riuer the chamberlaine of France an other to the lord Clisson and an other to the patrone of the gallies and to the capteine of the armie of Frenchmen and Spaniards which at the same time wasting alongst the coasts did much hurt in diuerse places of the land Foorthwith the said Philpot and others were sent in post from the king to the duke of Lancaster that for somuch as the said sir Rafe Ferrers was then in the north parts with him intreating with the Scots he should arrest him and put him in safe kéeping which commandement the duke did accomplish and committed him to be safelie kept in the castell of Duresme but shortlie after in the next parlement he was set at libertie foure barons being bound for his foorth comming till time that he might more euidentlie declare his innocencie About the feast of S. Martine was a parlement holden at Northampton to the more trouble of them that came to it bicause in that season of the yeare they were constreined to come where there was no store of fewell to make them fiers and beside that lodgings were verie streict for so great a multitude But the cause that mooued the councell to appoint this parlement there was to the end that they might the more fréelie procéed to the triall of Iohn Kirkbie a citizen of London that had murthered the Genowâis as before ye haue hard which Kirkbie was condemned at this parlement and drawne and hanged in the sight of the Londoners that were come thither which execution if it should haue beene doone at London the lords doubted least some tumult might haue béene raised by the citizens who were reckoned in those daies verie rash and presumptuous in their dooings But now to the effect of this parlement There was a new and strange subsidie or taske granted to be leuied for the kings vse and towards the charges of this armie that went ouer into France with the earle of Buckingham to wit of euerie préest secular or regular six shillings eight pence and as much of euerie nunne and of euerie man woman married or not married being 16 yeares of age beggers certenlie knowne onlie excepted foure pence for euerie one Great grudging manie a bitter cursse followed about the leuieng of this monie much mischéefe rose thereof as after it appeared ¶ In this fourth yeare of king Richards reigne year 1381 immediatlie after Christmasse Thomas Brantingham bishop of Exeter and lord treasuror was discharged of his office of treasurorship and sir Robert Hales lord of S. Iohns was aduanced in his place a right noble and manlie knight but not beloued of the commons About this time did Iohn Wicliffe chieflie set foorth his opinion touching the sacrament of the altar denieng the doctrine of transubstantiation and that it ought not in any wise to be worshipped in such sort as the church of Rome then did teach ¶ There were ambassadors sent into Germanie to treat with the emperour for a marriage to be had betwixt the king of England and the emperours sister About the beginning of March they returned bringing with them the cardinall intituled of saint Praxed and the duke of Tarsilia and other nobles that came from the emperor to treat with the king his councell about the same marriage This cardinall whether he passed the bounds of his commission and authoritie to him granted by the pope as some write or whether he was furnished with such faculties he was very liberall in bestowing of them abrode on all such as would come with monie Indulgences which the pope had vsed onelie to reserue for himselfe to bestow this man granted the same liberallie both biennals and triennals He gaue also letters confessionall to all those that would paie for them admitting aswell beneficed men as other to be the popes chapleins He made notaries for monie and denied not altars portatiue to anie that would pay for them He receiued fortie pounds besides other gifts of the moonks of the Cisteaux order to grant to them a generall licence to eat flesh indifferentlie as well abroad as they had béene accustomed to doo at home within their monasteries To those that were excommunicate he gaue absolution those that had vowed line 10 to go in pilgrimage to Rome to the holie land or to saint Iames he would not first release them till he had receiued so much monie according to the true valuation as they should haue spent in their iornies and to be bréefe nothing could be asked but for monie he was readie to grant it And when he was requested to shew by what power he did all these things with great indignation he answered that he would let them vnderstand at Rome if they would needs know the authoritie which he had At length his males line 20 were so filled with siluer that his seruants disdained to make them anie answer except they brought gold saieng Bring vs gold for we are full of your siluer But at his departure he tooke all awaie with him both gold and siluer in such abundance as was maruellous This hath beene the practise of the Romanists from time to time wherevpon grew this common byword taxing the polling and shauing shifts of that execrable see gaping gulfe and insatiable sea Curia Romana non quaerit ouem sine lana line 30 But now to returne to other matters concerning the state of the realme After the returne of the earle of Buckingham it was ordeined by aduise of the councell that the duke of Lancaster should eftsoones go as ambassador from king Richard into Scotland to see if he might renew the truce which shortlie would haue beene expired for three yéeres longer Also whereas there was variance and open war mainteined betwixt Iohn king of Castile and Iohn king of Portingale the earle of Cambridge the lord William line 40 de Beauchampe the lord Botreux and sir Matthew Gournie were sent into Portingale with fiue hundred armed men and fiue hundred archers to aid the king of Portingale against the king of Castile who was sonne to the bastard Henrie for the duke of Lancaster reioised greatlie that he might haue such a fréend as the king of Portingale to ioine with him in aid against the king of Castile meaning as soone as opportunitie would serue to go ouer with an armie to chalenge his right and pursue his claime to the crowne of Castile and Leon against line 50 the vsurper in right of his wife quéene
feast of All saints the parlement began to the which the duke of Lancaster came bringing with him an excéeding number of armed men and likewise the earle of Northumberland with no lesse companie came likewise to London was lodged within the citie hauing great friendship shewed towards him of the citizens who promised to assist him at all times when necessitie required so that his part séemed to be ouerstrong for the duke if they should haue come to anie triall of their forces at that time The duke laie with his people in the suburbs and euerie daie when they went to the parlement house at Westminster both parts went thither in armour to the great terror of those that were wise and graue personages fearing some mischiefe to fall foorth of that vnaccustomed manner of their going armed to the parlement house contrarie to the ancient vsage of the realme At length to quiet the parties and to auoid such inconueniences as might haue growen of their dissention the king tooke the matter into his hands and so they were made fréends to the end that some good might be doone in that parlement for reformation of things touching the state of the realme for which cause it was especiallie called but now after it had continued a long time and few things at all concluded newes came that the ladie Anne sister to the emperour Wenslaus affianced wife to the king of England was come to Calis whervpon the parlement was proroged till after Christmas that in the meane time the marriage might be solemnized which was appointed after the Epiphanie and foorthwith great preparation was made to receiue the bride that she might be conueied with all honor vnto the kings presence Such as should receiue hir at Douer repaired thither where at hir landing a maruellous and right strange woonder happened for she was no sooner out of hir ship and got to land in safetie with all hir companie but that foorthwith the water was so troubled and shaken as the like thing had not to any mans remembrance euer béene heard of so that the ship in which the appointed queene came ouer was terriblie rent in péeces and the residue so beaten one against an other that they were scattered here and there after a woonderfull manner Before hir comming to the citie of London she was met on Black-heath by the maior and citizens of London in most honorable wise year 1382 and so with great triumph conueied to Westminster where at the time appointed all the nobilitie of the realme being assembled she was ioined in marriage to the king and crowned quéene by the archbishop of Canturburie with all the glorie and honor that might be deuised There were also holden for the more honour of the same marriage solemne iustes for certeine daies togither in which as well the Englishmen as the new quéenes countriemen shewed proofe of their manhood and valiancie whereby praise commendation of knightlie prowesse was atchiued not without damage of both the parties After that the solemnitie of the marriage was finished the parlement eftsoones began in the which many things were inacted for the behoofe of the commonwealth And amongst other things it was ordeined that all maner manumissions obligations releasses and other bonds made by compulsion dures and menace in time of this last tumult and riot against the lawes of the land and good faith should be vtterlie void and adnihilated And further that if the kings faithfull liege people did perceiue any gathering of the coÌmons in suspected wise to the number of six or seauen holding conuenticles togither they should not staie for the kings writ in that behalfe for their warrant but foorthwith it should be lawfull for them to apprehend such people assembling togither and to laie them in prison till they might answer their dooings These and manie other things were established in this parlement of the which the most part are set foorth in the printed booke of statutes where ye may read the same more at large In time of this parlement William Ufford the earle of Suffolke being chosen by the knights of the shires to pronounce in behalfe of the common-wealth certeine matters concerning the same the line 10 verie daie and houre in which he should haue serued that turne as he went vp the staires towards the vpper house he suddenlie fell downe and died in the hands of his seruants busie about to take him vp whereas he felt no gréefe of sickenesse when he came into Westminster being then and before merrie and pleasant inough to all mens sights Of his sudden death manie were greatlie abashed for that in his life time he had shewed himselfe courteous and amiable to all men ¶ The parlement shortlie therevpon line 20 tooke end after that the merchants had granted to the king for a subsidie certeine customes of their wools which they bought and sold called a maletot to endure for foure yeares ¶ The lord Richard Scroope was made lord chancellor the lord Hugh Segraue lord treasuror About the same time the lord Edmund Mortimer earle of March the kings lieutenant in Ireland departed this life after he had brought in manner all that land to peace and quiet by his noble and prudent line 30 gouernement In this season Wicliffe set forth diuerse articles and conclusions of his doctrine which the new archbishop of Canturburie William Courtneie latelie remooued from the sée of London vnto the higher dignitie did what he could by all shifts to suppresse and to force such as were the setters foorth and mainteiners thereof to recant and vtterlie to renounce What he brought to passe in the booke of acts and monuments set foorth by maister I. Fox ye may find at large The tuesday next after line 40 the feast of saint Iohn Port latine an other parlement began in which at the earnest sute and request of the knights of the shires Iohn Wraie priest that was the chiefe dooer among the commons in Suffolke at Burie and Mildenhall was adiudged to be drawen and hanged although manie beleeued that his life should haue béene redeemed for some great portion of monie A lewd fellow that tooke vpon him to be skilfull in physicke and astronomie caused it to be published line 50 thorough the citie of London that vpon the Ascension euen there would rise such a pestilent planet that all those which came abroad foorth of their chambers before they had said fiue times the Lords praier then commonlie called the Pater noster and did not eate somewhat that morning before their going foorth should be taken with sicknesse suddenlie die thereof Manie fooles beléeued him and obserued his order but the next day when his presumptuous lieng could be no longer faced out he was set on horssebacke line 60 with his face towards the taile which he was compelled to hold in his hand in stéed of a bridle and so was led about
in warlike enterprises The first and principall was sir Hugh Caluerlie an old man of warre and one that in all places had borne himselfe both valiantlie and politikelie next line 40 vnto him was sir William Farington who stoutlie spake in the bishops cause when the matter came in question in the parlement house touching his going ouer with this croâsie Besides these there went diuerse noble men and knights of high renowme as the lord Henrie Beaumount sir William Elmham and sir Thomas Triuet sir Iohn Ferrers sir Hugh Spenser the bishops nephue by his brother sir Matthew Redman capteine of Berwike sir Nicholas Tarenson or Traicton sir William Farington and line 50 manie other of the English nation of Gascogne there went le sire de Chasteauneuf and his brother sir Iohn de Chasteauneuf Raimund de Marsen Guillonet de Paux Gariot Uighier Iohn de Cachitan and diuerse other Sir Iohn Beauchampe was appointed marshall of the field but bicause he was at that present in the marches of the realme towards Scotland he was not readie to passe ouer when the bishop did The duke of Lancaster liked not well of the bishops iournie for that he saw how his voiage line 60 that he meant to make into Spaine was hereby for the time disappointed and he could haue béene better contented as appeareth by writers to haue had the monie imploied vpon the warres against the king of Castile that was a Clementine than to haue it bestowed vpon this voiage which the bishop was to take in hand against the French king and other in these néerer parts Herevpon there were not manie of the nobilitie that offered to go with the bishop But to saie somewhat of other things that were concluded in this last parlement we find that the fishmongers which through meanes of the late lord maâor Iohn of Northampton and his complices were put from their ancient customes and liberties which they inioied aforetime within the citie were now restored to the same againe sauing that they might not kéepe courts among themselues as in times past they vsed but that after the maner of other crafts and companies all transgressions offenses and breaches of lawes and customes by them committed should be heard tried and reformed in the maiors court ¶ All this winter the matter touching the gathering of monie towards the croisie was earnestlie applied so that there was leuied what of the disme and by the deuotion of the people for obteining of the pardon so much as drew to the summe of fiue and twentie thousand franks When the bishop therefore had set things in good forwardnesse for his iournie he drew towards the sea side and was so desirous to passe ouer and to inuade his aduersaries that although the king sent to him an expresse commandement by letters to returne to the court that he might conferre with him before he tooke the seas yet excusing himselfe that the time would not then permit him to staie longer he passed ouer to Calis where he landed the 23 of Aprill in this sixt yeare of king Richards reigne The armie to attend him in this iournie rose to the number of two thousand horssemen and fifteene thousand footmen as some write though other speake of a far lesser number But it should seeme that they went not ouer all at one time but by parts as some before the bishop some with him and some after him Now when he and the capteins before named were come ouer to Calis they tooke counsell togither into what place they should make their first inuasion and bicause their commission was to make warre onelie against those that held with pope Clement the more part were of this mind that it should be most expedient for them to enter into France and to make warre against the Frenchmen whom all men knew to be chiefe mainteiners of the said Clement But the bishop of Norwich was of this opinion that they could not doo better than to inuade the countrie of Flanders bicause that a litle before earle Lewes hauing intelligence that king Richard had made a confederacie with them of Gaunt had on the other part expelled all Englishmen out of his dominions and countries so that the merchants which had their goods at Bruges and other places in Flanders susteined great losses Howbeit there were that replied against the bishops purpose herein as sir Hugh Caluerlie and others yet at length they yeelded thereto and so by his commandement they went streight to Grauelin the 21 day of Maie and immediatlie wan it by assault Whervpon Bruckburge was yeelded vnto them the liues and goods of them within saued Then went they to Dunkirke without any great resistance entred the towne and wan there excéeding much by the spoile for it was full of riches which the Englishmen pilfered at their pleasure The earle of Flanders lieng at Lisle was aduertised how the Englishmen were thus entered his countrie wherevpon he sent ambassadors vnto the English host to vnderstand why they made him warre that was a right Urbanist The bishop of Norwich for answer declared to them that were sent that he tooke the countrie to apperteine to the French king as he that had of late conquered it whom all the whole world knew to be a Clementine or at the least he was assured that the countrie thereabouts was of the inheritance of the ladie of Bar which likewise was a Clementine and therefore except the people of that countrie would come and ioine with him to go against such as were knowne to be enimies to pope Urbane he would suerlie séeke to destroie them And whereas the earls ambassadors required safe conduct to go into England by Calis to vnderstand the kings pleasure in this mater the bishop would grant them none at all wherefore they went backe againe to the earle their maister with that answer The Englishmen after the taking and spoiling of Dunkirke returned to Grauelin and Bruckburge which places they fortified and then leauing garrisons in them they went to Mardike and tooke it for it was not closed In the meane time the countriemen of west Flanders rose in armour and came line 10 to Dunkirke meaning to resist the Englishmen whereof when the bishop was certified with all spéed he marched thither and comming to the place where the Flemings to the number of more than twelue thousand were ranged without the towne he sent an herald vnto them to know the truth of whether pope they held but the rude people not vnderstanding what apperteined to the law of armes ran vpon the herald at his approching to them and slue him before he could begin to tell his tale The Englishmen herewith inflamed determined line 20 either to reuenge the death of their herald or to die for it and therewith ordered their battels readie to fight and being not aboue fiue thousand fighting men in all the bishop placed himselfe amongst
was forsaken tooke great displeasure herewith But sith the king allowed of all the duke of Irelands dooings the duke of Glocester dissembled such iniuries doone to his neece for the time till opportunitie might serue to reuenge the same The duke of Ireland vnderstood all these things and therefore was the more circumspect for his owne safetie and studied how by some meanes he might dispatch the duke of Glocester out of the waie as the line 20 man whom he most feared least his life should be his destruction by one means or other Easter was now past the time as ye haue heard appointed before the which the duke of Ireland should haue transported ouer into Ireland yet was he not set forward But least somewhat might be thought in the matter and for feare of some stir to be raised by the lords of the realme that wished him gone according to the order prescribed at the last parlement the king as it were to bring him to the water side went with him into line 30 Wales where being out of the waie they might deuise how to dispatch the duke of Glocester the earles of Arundell Warwike Derbie and Notingham with others of that faction There were with the king beside the duke of Ireland Michaell de la Poole earle of Suffolke Robert Trisilian lord chiefe iustice and diuers other which doubtfull of their owne safegards did what they could as writers report to mooue the king forward to the destruction of those noblemen After the king had remained in those parties a good line 40 while he returned and brought the duke of Ireland backe with him againe so that it seemed his voiage into Ireland was now quite forgotten About the same time Robert Trisilian lord chiefe iustice of England came to Couentrie and indicted there two thousand persons The king and the quéene came to Grobie and thither came by his commandement the iustices of the realme There were also with him at the same time Alexander archb of Yorke Robert Ueere duke of Ireland Michaell de la Poole line 50 earle of Suffolke Robert Trisilian his fellowes of whom it was demanded if by the lawes of the realme the king might reuoke the ordinances made in the last parlement to the which he had giuen his consent in manner by constraint and they made answer that he might Then were the iustices commanded to come vnto Notingham where the king appointed to meet them and thither he came according to his appointment and held a solemne councell in the castell of Notingham the morrow after S. Bartholomews line 60 day In this councell were the aforesaid archbishop of Yorke the duke of Ireland the earle of Suffolke Robert Trisilian iustice Robert Bramble iustice and sundrie other all which iustices were commanded to set their hands vnto the question vnder written that by meanes thereof those persons that were about the king thought they might haue good occasion to put the duke of Glocester and other lords that were his complices vnto death which in the last parlement were ordeined to haue the gouernance of the realme and all such as were consenting to the same Diuerse of the iustices refused to subscribe but yet they were consâreined to doo as the rest did among the which was Iohn Belknap who vtterlie refused till the duke of Ireland and the earle of Suffolke compelled him thereto for if he had persisted in the refusall he had not escaped their hands and yet when he had set to his seale he burst out into these words Now said he here lacketh nothing but a rope that I might receiue a reward worthie for my desert and I know if I had not doone this I might not haue escaped your hands so that for your pleasures and the kings I haue doone it and deserued thereby death at the hands of the lords Which indéed shortlie followed for in the next parlement he was condemned and executed All this remained in record An act of councell touching this matter in manner as followeth MEmorandum that on the fiue and twentith day of August in the 11 yeare of the reigne of king Richard the second at the castell of Notingham aforesaid Robert Trisilian lord chiefe iustice of England Robert Belknap lord chiefe iustice of the coÌmon plees Iohn Holt Roger Fulthorpe William Borough knights and associats of the said Robert Belknap and Iohn Lockton one of the kings sergeants at the law being personalie required in presence of the lords and other witnesses vnder written by our said souereigne lord the king in that faith and allegiance in which to him they were bounden that they should trulie answer to certeine questions vnderwritten and vpon the same by their discretions to saie the law 1 First it was asked of them whether the new statute ordinance and commission made in the last parlement held at Westminster be hurtfull to the kings prerogatiue Wherevnto all of one mind answered that they were hurtfull and speciallie bicause they be against the kings will 2 Item it was inquired of them how they ought to be punished that procured the said statute ordinance and commission to be made Wherevnto with one assent they answered that they deserued death except the king of his grace would pardon them 3 Item it was inquired how they ought to be punished which moued the king to consent to the making of the said statute ordinance and commission Wherevnto they answered that vnlesse the king would giue them his pardon they ought to lose their liues 4 Item it was inquired of them what punishment they deserued that compelled the king to the making of that statute ordinance and commission Wherevnto they gaue answer that they ought to suffer as traitors 5 Item it was demanded of them how they ought to be punished that interrupted the king so that he might not exercise those things that apperteined to his regalitie and prerogatiue Wherevnto answer was made that they ought to be punished as traitors 6 Item it was inquired of them whether that after the affaires of the realme and the cause of the calling togither of the states of the parlement were once by the kings commandement declared and opened and other articles on the kings behalfe limited vpon which the lords and commons of the realme ought to intreat and proceed if the lords neuertheles would line 10 proceed vpon other articles and not meddle with those articles which the king had limited till time the king had answered the articles proponed by them notwithstanding the king inioined them to the contrarie whether in this case the king might rule the parlement and cause them to proceed vpon the articles by him limited before they proceeded any further To line 20 which question it was answered that the king should haue in this part the rule for order of all such articles to be prosecuted vntill the end of the parlement And if any presumed to go contrarie to
this rule he was to be punished as a traitor 7 Item it was asked whether the king when soeuer it pleased him might not dissolue the parlement and command the lords and commons to depart from thence line 30 or not Wherevnto it was answered that he might 8 Item it was inquired that for somuch as it was in the king to remooue such iustices and officers as offend and to punish them for their offenses whether the lords commons might without the kings will impeach the same officers and iustices vpon their offenses in parlement or not To line 40 this answer was made that they might not and he that attempted contrarie was to suffer as a traitor 9 Item it was inquired how he is to be punished that mooued in the parlement that the statute wherin Edward the sonne of king Edward great grandfather to the king that now is was indicted in parlement might be sent for by inspection of line 50 which statute the said new statute or ordinance and commission were conceiued and deuised in the parlement To which question with one accord as in all the residue they answered that as well he that so summoned as the other which by force of the same motion brought the said statute into the parlement house be as publike offendors and traitors to be line 60 punished 10 Item it was inquired of them whether the iudgement giuen in the parlement against Michaell de la Poole earle of Suffolke were erronious and reuocable or not To which question likewise with one assent they said that if the same iudgement were now to be giuen the iustices and sergeant aforesaid would not giue the same bicause it seemed to them that the said iudgement is reuocable and erronious in euerie part In witnesse of the premisses the iustices sergeant aforesaid to these presents haue set their seals these being witnesses Alexander archbishop of Yorke Robert archbishop of Dubline Iohn bishop of Durham Thomas bishop of Chester Iohn bishop of Bangor Robert duke of Ireland Michaell erle of Suffolke Iohn Ripon clearke and Iohn Blake Now beside these iustices and sergeant there were called at that present vnto Notingham all other iustices of the realme and the shiriffes Also diuerse of the citie of London which the king knew would incline to his will the rather for that some of them hauing aforetime confessed treason against the king by them imagined and obteining pardon for the same were readie at his commandement to recompense such fauour in the accomplishment of whatsoeuer they knew might stand with his pleasure Herevpon they being impanelled to inquire of certeine treasons that were supposed to be committed by the lords which in the last parlement had so caused things to passe contrarie to the kings pleasure indicted the same lords of manie crimes informed against them ¶ The Londoners indeed were euill reported of in those daies by some writers for their vnstablenesse one while holding on the kings part and with such as were chéefe in counsell about him and an other while on the lords side that were of a contrarie faction according as the streame of their affections draue them and as they were carried awaie perforce by the floud of their variable willes whereby they were diuided into differing passions as they were assaulted by sundrie and vncerteine desires which is the nature of the people as the poet noteth saieng Scinditur incertum studia in contraria vulgus But now as concerning the cause whie the shiriffes were called hither it was chéeflie to vnderstand what power of men they might assure the king of to serue him against the lords and barons whome he tooke to be his enimies and further that where he meant to call a parlement verie shortlie they should so vse the matter that no knight might be chosen but such as the king and his councell should name But answer was made herevnto by the shiriffes that the lords were so highlie beloued of the commons that it laie not in their powers to assemble any great forces against the lords and as for choosing the knights of the shires they said that the commons would vndoubtedlie vse their ancient liberties and priuileges in choosing such as they thought meetest But yet after that the indictments were found according to the desire of the king and his councellors and that those which had béene called about this matter were licenced to depart home the king and the duke of Ireland sent messengers into euerie part of the realme to reteine men of warre to assist them in the quarell against the lords if néed were Manie made answer that sith they knew the lords to be faithfull and loiall to the king euen from the bottome of their hearts and were readie to studie to deuise and to doo all things that might tend to his honor and wealth of the realme they might not by anie meanes beare armour against them But a great number of other that tooke it that they were reteined for a good and necessarie purpose promised to be readie whensoeuer it should please the king to send for them The lords being in this meane while aduertised of these dooings were striken with great heauinesse for that not knowing themselues as they tooke it giltie of anie offense the king should thus seeke their destruction Herewith the duke of Glocester meaning to mitigate the kings displeasure receiued a solemne oth before the bishop of London and diuerse other lords protesting by the same oth that he neuer imagined nor went about any thing to the kings hinderance but to his power had alwaies doone what he might to aduance the kings honor prosperous state and good liking except onelie that he had giuen no good countenance to the duke of Ireland whom the king so much loued And suerlie for that the said duke had dishonored his kinswoman and the kings line 10 also he was firmelie determined to reuenge that iniurie vpon him and herewith he besought the bishop of London to declare what his words were vnto the king The bishop comming to the king made report of the duke of Glocesters protestation confirmed with his oth in such wise as the king began somewhat to be persuaded that it was true But when the earle of Suffolke perceiued that fearing least the reconciliation of the king and the duke his vncle should turne line 20 to his undooing he began to speake against the duke till the bishop bad him hold his peace and told him that it nothing became him to speake at all And when the earle asked why so Bicause said the bishop thou wast in the last parlement condemned for an euill person and one not worthie to liue but onelie it pleaseth the king to shew thée fauour The king offended with the bishops presumptuous words commânded him to depart get him home to his church who foorthwith departed and declared to the duke of line 30 Glocester what he had heard and séene Herevpon the
you within this my land to rise thus against me Did you thinke to feare me with such your presumptuous boldnesse Haue I not armed men sufficient to haue beaten you downe compassed about like a sort of deere in a toile If I would trulie in this behalfe I make no more account of you than of the vilest skullions in my kitchen When he had said these words with much more he lift vp the duke of Glocester that all this while knéeled line 10 afore him and commanded the residue to rise also After this he led them courteouslie to his chamber where they sate and dranke togither And finallie it was concluded that they should all méet togither againe at the next parlement and ech one to receiue according to iustice and in the meane time the king tooke aswell the duke of Glocester as the duke of Ireland into his protection so that neither part in the meane time should hurt the other nor presume to make any gathering of people vntill the time prefixed line 20 and so this councell brake vp and the lords departed These things yet were doone in absence of the forenamed persons whom the lords accused for they durst not appeare in presence of the lords for if they had béene espied they had smarted for it as was thought without any respect that would haue béene had of the kings presence And now for somuch as it should be well knowne through all the citie that these lords had nothing offended him with their comming the king caused a proclamation to be made the tenour line 30 whereof was as followeth A proclamation clearing the lords of treason RIchard by the grace of God c. We will that it be knowne to all our liege people throughout our realme of England that line 40 whereas Thomas duke of Glocester Richard earle of Arundell Thomas earle of Warwike haue beene defamed of treason by certeine of our councellors we as it apperteineth diligentlie searching the ground cause of this defamation find no such thing in them nor any suspicion thereof wherfore we declare the same defamation to be false and vntrue and doo receiue line 50 the same duke and earles into our speciall protection And bicause these accusers shall be notoriouslie knowne their names are Alexander archbishop of Yorke sir Robert Ueere duke of Ireland Michaell de la Poole earle of Suffolke Robert Trisilian lord chiefe iustice and sir Nicholas Brambre of London knight who in like case shall remaine till the next parlement and there shall stand to their answers But in the line 60 meane time we likewise take them into our protection streictlie charging and commanding that no maner of person charge any of the forenamed either priuilie or apertlie in word or deed to hurt them or cause any hurt to be doone to them but all quarels demands against them to be remitted vntill the next parlement prefixed Now to haue all things in more perfect readinesse and remembrance when the estates should be assembled certeine of the lords were appointed to sit in the meane time to deuise how they might procéed orderlie in redresse of such matters as séemed to require some spéedie reformation neither did they thinke it good to depart in sunder for feare to be intrapped through the malicious practise of their aduersaries Which doubt of theirs seemed afterwards to stand them in stéed of great wisedome For immediatlie after their said aduersaries came to the king and declared how they were dailie in danger of their liues by reason of the malice which the lords had conceiued against them onelie for the kings sake and not for any matter of their owne And whereas the king had promised that they should appeare at the next parlement which was at hand they told him plainelie that they neither durst nor would put their bodies in such manifest danger The king considering hereof withdrew himselfe from the companie of the lords that were assigned to fit at London to deliberate of matters that were to be talked of and ordered in the parlement and so that councell was deferred and laid aside and the kings councellors that stood in danger of their liues through the malice of the lords confederated with the duke of Glocester got them from the court and withdrew some into this place and some into that Among other the earle of Suffolke fled ouer vnto Calis in secret wise by the helpe of a knight called sir William Hoo who holpe to conueie him thither He had changed his apparell and shauen his beard and so disguised counterfeited himselfe to be a poulter and to sell certeine foule which he had gotten by which means he was not knowne till at length comming to the gates of the castell wherof his brother sir Edmund dela Poole was capteine he discouered to him scarselie knowing who he was by reason he was so disguised the whole occasion of his repairing thither requiring him to keepe his counsell and that he might remaine with him in priuie maner for a time till he might heare more how things went in England from whence he was thus fled to auoid the bloudie hands of his enimies that sought his life His brother doubting what might be laid to his charge if he shuld conceale this matter from the lord William Beauchampe lord deputie of the towne streightwaies aduertised him thereof who tooke order that the earle should foorthwith be sent backe againe into England to the king who receiued him with small thanks to them that brought him ouer so that as some write his brother being one was committed to prison for disclosing him But yet bicause it should not séeme that he imprisoned him for that cause he was shortlie after set at libertie and returned againe to his charge at Calis The earle was also permitted to go whither he would although the king had vndertaken to present him and others at the next parlement to answer their offenses as the same might be laid to their charge ¶ But here it may be doubted by the vncertentie of writers whether the earle of Suffolke thus fled ouer to Calis before the iournie at Ratcote bridge or after But whether it chanced either after or before it is certeine that since the time that the lords had forced the king to promise to exhibit him and others at the next parlement to abide their trials he durst not openlie remaine in the court but taking leaue of the king departed from him Whervpon the king being out of quiet for the absence of him and other his best beloued councellors whom he so much estéemed and namelie of the duke of Ireland and the said earle of Suffolke he appointed one Thomas Molineux constable of the castell of Chester a man of high valiancie and great power in the parties of Cheshire and Lancashire to raise an armie of men with the assistance of the shiriffe of Cheshire to whom his commission of authoritie in that behalfe vnder the
feare anie such thing and this accordinglie was doone they hauing the keies of the gates and of all the strong chambers turrets and places within the Tower sent vnto them On the fridaie the duke of Glocester the earls of Derbie and Notingham came to the king where he was set in a pauillion richlie arraied and after their humble salutations done and some talke had betwixt them they went at the kings request with him into his chamber where they recited vnto him the conspiracie of their aduersaries through which they had béen indicted They also shewed forth the letters which he had sent to the duke of Ireland to leauie an armie vnto their destruction Likewise the letters which the French king had written to him conteining a safe conduct for him to come into France there to confirme things to the diminishing of his honor to the decaie of his power losse of his fame ¶ During the time of this communication also the earle of Derbie desired the king to behold the people that were assembled in sight before the Tower for the preseruation of him and his realme which he did and maruelling to sée such a goodlie armie and strength as he declared to them no lesse the duke of Glocester said vnto him Sir this is not the tenth part of your willing subiects that haue risen to destroie those false traitors that haue misled you with their wicked and naughtie counsell The king being brought to his wits end aswell with those things which the lords had charged him with as otherwise with the sight of that great multitude of people seemed greatlie amazed Wherevpon the lords vnder condition that the next daie he should come to Westminster to heare more of their minds and to conclude further for the behoofe of the common-wealth of the realme began to take leaue of him meaning so to depart but the king desired them to tarrie all night with him and the quéene The duke thinking to make all sure made excuse that he durst not be absent from all those folks which they had brought with them for feare that some disorder line 10 might arise either in the armie or in the citie yet at the kings instance the earles of Notingham and Derbie taried there all night The king before his going to bed was quite turned concerning his determination and promise made to go the next daie to Westminster through such whispering tales as was put into his eares by some that were about him telling him that it stood neither with his safetie nor honour so lightlie to agree to depart from the tower vnto such place as the lords had thus appointed him line 20 to serue more for their purpose than for suertie of his person When the lords therefore vnderstood that he would not keepe promise with them they were greatlie offended insomuch as they sent him flat word that if he would not come according to promise they would suerlie choose another king that would and ought to obeie the faithfull counsell of his lords The king with this message being touched to the quicke to satisfie their minds and to auoid further perill remooued the line 30 next morning vnto Westminster where the lords comming before his presence after a little other talke they declared vnto him that aswell in respect of his owne honour as the commoditie wealth of his kingdome it was behouefull that such traitors and most wicked slanderous persons as were nothing profitable but hurtfull to him and his louing subiects should be remooued out of his court and that other that both could and would serue him more honorablie and faithfullie were placed in their roomes line 40 The king although sore against his mind when he saw how the lords were bent and that he wanted power to withstand their pleasures condescended to doo what they would haue him So when he had granted thereto they iudged that Alexander Neuill archbishop of Yorke Iohn Fourdham bishop of Durham lord tresuror Thomas Rushoke a frier of the order of the preachers bishop of Chichester and confessor to the king were worthie to be auoided the court But the archbishop of Yorke line 50 and the bishop of Chichester would abide no reckonings but got them out of the waie and fled it was not knowne whither The lords did expell out of the court the lord Zouâh of Haringworth the lord Burnell the lord Beaumont Albrey de Uéer Baldwin de Bereford Richard Aderburie Iohn Worth Thomas Clifford and Iohn Louell knights These were dismissed out of the court and remooued from the king but not discharged for they were constreined to put in suerties to appeare at the next parlement line 60 There were also certeine ladies expelled the court as those that were thought to doo much harme about the K. to wit the ladie Poinings wife to Iohn Worth of Mowen and the ladie Moulinge with others which also found suerties to answer at the next parlement to all such things as might be obiected against them Moreouer there were arrested and committed to seuerall prisons sir Simon Burlie William Elmham Iohn Beauchampe of Holt steward of the kings house sir Iohn Salisburie sir Thomas Triuet sir Iames Barneis sir Nicholas Dagworth and sir Nicholas Brambre knights Also Richard Clifford Iohn Lincolne Richard Mitford the kings chapleins and Nicholas Sclake deane of the kings chappell whose word might doo much in the court There was also apprehended Iohn Blake an apprentise of the law all which persons were kept in streict ward till the next parlement in which they were appointed to stand vnto their triall and answers Shortlie after to wit the morrow after the Purification of our ladie the parlement began the which was named the parlement that wrought woonders The king would gladlie haue proroged the time of this parlement if by anie meanes he might The lords came to the same parlement with a sufficient armie for their owne safeties On the first day of this parlement were arrested as they sat in their places all the iustices except sir William Skipworth as sir Roger Fulthrop sir Robert Belknap sir Iohn Carie sir Iohn Holt sir William Brooke and Iohn Alocton the kings sergeant at law all which were sent to the tower and there kept in seuerall places The cause whie they were thus apprehended was for that where in the last parlement diuerse lords were made gouernours of the realme both by the assent of the same parlement and also by the aduise and counsell of all the iustices then being and indentures tripartite thereof made of the which one part remained with the king an other with the lords so chosen to gouerne the realme and the third part with the iustices and yet notwithstanding the said iustices at a councell holden at Notingham as yee haue heard before did go contrarie to that agreement Wherevpon it was now determined that they should make answer to their dooings Moreouer
well affected towards some good conclusion by treatie to be had of a full and perfect peace About the same time by the king with the aduise of his councell proclamation was made and published at London that all beneficed men abiding in the court of Rome being Englishmen borne should returne home into England before the feast of S. Nicholas vnder paine to forfeit all their benefices and such as were not beneficed vnder a paine likewise limited The Englishmen hearing such a thunder clap a farre off fearing the blow left the popes court and returned into their natiue soile The pope troubled with such a rumbling noise sent in all hast as abbat as his nuncio vnto the king of England as well to vnderstand the causes of this proclamation as of statutes deuised and made latelie in parlement against those that prouided themselues of benefices in the court of Rome by the popes buls which séemed not a little preiudiciall to the church of Rome in consideration whereof the said nuncio required that the same statutes might be repealed and abolished so farre as they tended to the derogation of the church liberties but if the same statutes were not abolished the pope might not said his nuncio with a safe conââience otherwise doo than procéed against them that made those statutes in such order as the canons did appoint Moreouer the said nuncio declared to the king certeine dangerous practises betwixt the antipape and the French king as to make the duke of Touraine the French kings brother king of Tuscane and Lombardie and to establish the duke of Aniou in the kingdome of Sicile Moreouer he gaue the king to vnderstand that if the French king might compasse by the antipapes meanes to be chosen emperour he would séeke to vsurpe vpon ech mans right and therefore it stood the line 10 king of England chieflie in hand to prouide against such practises in time And as for the treatie of peace which the Frenchmen séemed so much to fauour it was to none other end but that vpon agreement once had they might more conuenientlie compasse their purpose in the premisses Furthermore the nuncio earnestlie besought the king of aid in the popes behalfe against the French king if as he threatned to doo he should inuade him in Italie with open force The king séemed to giue fauourable eare vnto line 20 the nuncio and after aduise taken appointed to staie till after Michaelmasse at what time a parlement was appointed to be assembled wherein such things as he had proponed should be weied and considered and some conclusion taken therein About this time or in the yeare 1391 according to Henrie Knightons account there was a prophane statute made against the church churchmen namelie that no ecclesiasticall person or persons should possesse manors glebeland houses possessions lands line 30 reuenues or rents whatsoeuer at the hands of the feoffer without the kings licence the chiefe lords And this statute extended it selfe as well to parish-churches chappels chanteries as abbeies priories other monasteries whatsoeuer likewise to citizens of cities to farmers burgesses hauing such rents or possessions for the common profit For men in those daies that would bestow land or liuelod vpon church fraternitie or conuent and were notable for cost and charges to procure a mortmane vnder the line 40 kings licence and chiefe lords were woont to feoffe some speciall men in whom they had confidence and trust vnder whose name and title churchmen or anie other fraternitie or conuent might inioy the profit of the gift and might haue the commoditie thereof in possession And it was prouided by that statute that all and euerie as well persons ecclesiasticall as parishioners both citizens burgesses and farmers or anie other whatsoeuer hauing such rents possessions manors or anie reuenues whatsoeuer in the hands line 50 of such feoffers without the licence of the king and chiefe lords that either they should obteine and get a licence of the king and the chiefe lords to make it a mortmaine or else set such things to sale raise profit of them on this side or before the feast of Michaelmasse next insuing or the said feast being past and expired that then the king and the chiefe lords in things not ordered and disposed accordinglie may enter and seize vpon the same and them haue and hold at his and their pleasure line 60 About the same time the duke of Glocester went into Prutzen land to the great griefe of the people that made account of his departure as if the sunne had beene taken from the earth doubting some mishap to follow to the common wealth by his absence whose presence they thought sufficient to stay all detriments that might chance for in him the hope of the commons onelie rested In his returne home he was sore tormented with rough weather and tempestuous seas At length he arriued in Northumberland and came to the castell of Tinmouth as to a sanctuarie knowen to him of old where after he had refreshed him certeine daies he tooke his iournie homewards to Plaschie in Essex bringing no small ioy for his safe returne to all the kingdome ¶ On the ninth of Iulie the sunne séemed darkened with certeine grosse and euill fauored clouds comming betwixt it and the earth so as it appeared ruddie but gaue no light from noone till the setting thereof And afterwards conâânualliâ for the space of six weeks about the middest of the daie clouds customablie rose and sometimes they continued both daie and night not vanishing awaie at all ¶ At the same time such a mortalitie and death of people increased in Northfolke and in manie other countries of England that it seemed not vnlike the season of the great pestilence In the citie of Yorke there died eleuen thousand within a short space ¶ Henrie Persie earle of Northumberland lieutenant of Calis was called home from that charge and created warden of the marches against Scotland and Robert Mowbraie was sent to Calis to be the kings lieutenant there On friday next after All soules day the parlement began at London in which the knights would in no wise agrée that the statute made against spirituall men for the prouiding themselues of benefices in the court of Rome should be repealed but yet they agréed thus much that it should be tollerated so as with the kings licence such spirituall men might purchase to themselues such benefices till the next parlement ¶ In this parlement aforsaid there was granted vnto our lord the king one tenth of the clergie and one fiftéenth of the people towards the expenses of Iohn duke of Lancaster who in Lent next following went ouer into France to the citie of Amiens for a finall peace betweene the kingdoms of England and France where the king of France met him with a shew of great pompe and honor sending before him first of all to welcome him thither the citizens of
Montacute earle of Salisburie Thomas lord Spenser and the lord William Scroope lord chamberleine In the meane time the king fearing what might be attempted against him by those that fauoured these noblemen that were in durance sent for a power of Cheshire men that might day and night keepe watch and ward about his person They were about two thousand archers paid wéekelie as by the annales of Britaine it appeareth The king had little trust in any of the nobilitie except in his brother the earle of Huntington and the earle of Rutland sonne to the duke of Yorke and in the earle of Salisburie in these onelie he reposed a confidence and not in any other except in certeine knights and gentlemen of his priuie chamber In the meane time whiles things were thus in broile before the beginning of the parlement diuers other beside them of whom we haue spoken were apprehended and put in sundrie prisons The parlement was summoned to begin at Westminster the 17 of September and writs therevpon directed to euerie of the lords to appeare and to bring with them a sufficient number of armed men and archers in their best arraiâ for it was not knowen how the dukes of Lancaster and Yorke would take the death of their brother nor how other péeres of the realme would take the apprehension and imprisonment of their kinsemen the earles of Arundell and Warwike and of the other prisoners Suerlie the two dukes when they heard that their brother was so suddenlie made awaie they wist not what to saie to the matter and began both to be sorowfull for his death and doubtfull of their owne states for sith they saw how the king abused by the counsell of euill men absteined not from such an heinous act they thought he line 10 would afterwards attempt greater misorders from time to time Therefore they assembled in all hast great numbers of their seruants fréends and tenants and comming to London were receiued into the citie For the Londoners were right sorie for the death of the duke of Glocester who had euer sought their fauour in somuch that now they would haue béene contented to haue ioined with the dukes in seeking reuenge of so noble a mans death procured and brought to passe without law or reason as the common line 20 brute then walked although peraduenture he was not as yet made awaie Here the dukes and other fell in counsell and manie things were proponed Some would that they shuld by force reuenge the duke of Glocesters death other thought it méet that the earles Marshall and Huntington and certeine others as chéefe authours of all the mischeefe should be pursued and punished for their demerites hauing trained vp the king in vice and euill customes euen from his youth But the line 30 dukes after their displeasure was somewhat asswaged determined to couer the stings of their griefes for a time and if the king would amend his maners to forget also the iniuries past In the meane time the king laie at Eltham and had got about him a great power namelie of those archers which he had sent for out of Cheshire in whome he put a singular trust more than in any other There went messengers betwixt him and the dukes which being men of honour did their indeuour line 40 to appease both parties The king discharged himselfe of blame for the duke of Glocesters death considering that he had gone about to breake the truce which he had taken with France and also stirred the people of the realme to rebellion and further had sought the destruction and losse of his life that was his souereigne lord and lawfull king Contrarilie the dukes affirmed that their brother was wrongfullie put to death hauing doone nothing worthie of death At length by the intercession and meanes of those noble line 50 men that went to and fro betwixt them they were accorded the king promised from thencefoorth to doo noâhing but by the assent of the dukes but he kept small promise in this behalfe as after well appeared When the time came that the parlement should be holden at Westminster according to the tenour of the summons the lords repaired thither furnished with great retinues both of armed men and archers as the earle of Derbie the earle Marshall the earle of Rutland the lord Spenser the earle of Northumberland line 60 with his sonne the lord Henrie Persie and the lord Thomas Persie the said earles brother also the lord Scroope treasuror of England diuerse other All the which earles and lords brought with them a great strong power euerie of them in their best araie as it were to strengthen the king against his enimies The dukes of Lancaster and Yorke were likewise there giuing their attendance on the king with like furniture of men of armes archers There was not halfe lodging sufficient within the citie suburbes of London for such coÌpanies of men as the lords brought with them to this parlement called the great parlement in somuâh that they were constreined to lie in villages abroad ten or twelue miles on ech side the citie In the beginning of this parlement the king greatlie complained of the misdemeanour of the péeres and lords of his realme as well for the things doone against his will and pleasure whiles he was yoong as for the streit dealing which they had shewed towards the quéene who was thrée houres at one time on hir knées before the earle of Arundell for one of hir esquiers named Iohn Caluerlie who neuerthelesse had his head smit froÌ his shoulders all the answer that she could get was this Madame praie for your selfe and your husband for that is best and let this sute alone Those that set foorth the kings greeuances as prolocutors in this parlement were these Iohn Bushie William Bagot and Thomas Gréene The king had caused a large house of timber to be made within the palace at Westminster which he was called an hall couered aboue head with tiles and was open at the ends that all men might see through it This house was of so great a compasse that scarse it might stand within the roome of the palace In this house was made an high throne for the king and a large place for all estates besides to sit in There were places also made for the appellants to stand on the one side and the defendants on the other and a like roome was made behind for the knights and burgesses of the parlement There was a place deuised for the speaker named sir Iohn Bushie a knight of Lincolneshire accompted to be an excéeding cruell man ambitious and couetous beyond measure Immediatlie after ech man being placed in his roome the cause of assembling that parlement was shewed as that the king had called it for reformation of diuerse transgressions and oppressions committed against the peace of his land by the duke of Glocester the earles
and yet the lord Scroope that was lord chamberleine had allowed for the earles diet foure thousand nobles yéerelie paid out of the kings coffers On the mondaie next after the arreignement of the earle of Warwike to wit the foure and twentie of September was the lord Iohn Cobham and sir Iohn Cheinie arreigned and found guiltie of like treasons for which the other had beene condemned before but at the earnest instance and sute of the nobles they were pardoned of life and banished or as Fabian saith condemned to perpetuall prison ¶ The king desirous to see the force of the Londoners caused them during the time of this parlement to muster before him on Blacke heath where a man might haue seene a great number of able personages And now after that the parlement had continued almost till Christmasse it was adiourned vntil the quinden of S. Hilarie then to begin againe at Shrewesburie The king then came downe to Lichfield and there held a roiall Christmasse which being ended he tooke his iournie towards Shrewesburie where the parlement was appointed to begin in the quinden of saint Hilarie as before yée haue heard year 1398 In which parlement there holden vpon prorogation for the loue that the king bare to the gentlemen and commons of the shire of Chester he caused it to be ordeined that from thencefoorth it should be called and knowne by the name of the principalitie of Chester and herewith he intituled himselfe prince of Chester He held also a roiall feast kéeping open houshold for all honest commers during the which feast he created fiue dukes and a duchesse a marquesse and foure earles The earle of Derbie was created duke of Hereford the earle of Notingham that was also earle marshall duke of Norfolke the earle of Rutland duke of Aubemarle the earle of Kent duke of Surrie and the earle of Huntington duke of Excester the ladie Margaret marshall countesse of Norfolke was created duchesse of Norfolke the earle of Summerset marques Dorset the lord Spenser earle of Glocester the lord Neuill surnamed Daurabie earle of Westmerland the lord William Scroope lord chamberleine earle of Wiltshire and the lord Thomas Persie lord steward of the kings house earle of Worcester And for the better maintenance of the estate of these noble men whome he had thus aduanced to higher degrees of honour he gaue vnto them a great part of those lands that belonged to the duke of Glocester the earles of Warwike and Arundell And now he was in good hope that he had rooted vp all plants of treason and therefore cared lesse who might be his freend or his fo than before he had doone estéeming himselfe higher in degrée than anie prince liuing and so presumed further than euer his grandfather did and tooke vpon him to beare the armes of saint Edward ioining them vnto his owne armes To conclude what soeuer he then did none durst speake a word contrarie therevnto And yet such as were cheefe of his councell were estéemed of the commons to be the woorst creatures that might be as the dukes of Aumarle Norfolke and Excester the earle of Wiltshire sir Iohn Bushie sir William Bagot and sir Thomas Gréene which thrée last remembred were knights of the Bath against whom the commons vndoubtedlie bare great and priuie hatred But now to proceed In this parlement holden at Shrewsburie the lord Reginald Cobham being a verie aged man simple and vpright in all his dealings was condemned for none other cause but for that in the eleuenth yéere of the kings reigne he was line 10 appointed with other to be attendant about the king as one of his gouernours The acts and ordinances also deuised and established in the parlement holden in the eleuenth yeare were likewise repealed Moreouer in this parlement at Shrewesburie it was decréed that the lord Iohn Cobham should be sent into the I le of Gernesie there to remaine in exile hauing a small portion assigned him to liue vpon The king so wrought brought things about that he obteined the whole power of both houses to be granted to certeine line 20 persons as to Iohn duke of Lancaster Edmund duke of Yorke Edmund duke of Aumarle Thomas duke of Surrie Iohn duke of Excester Iohn marquesse Dorset Roger earle of March Iohn earle of Salisburie and Henrie earle of Northumberland Thomas earle of Glocester and William earle of Wiltshire Iohn Hussie Henrie Cheimeswike Robert Teie and Iohn Goulofer knights or to seauen or eight of them These were appointed to heare and determine certeine petitions and matters line 30 yet depending and not ended but by vertue of this grant they procéeded to conclude vpon other things which generallie touched the knowledge of the whole parlement in derogation of the states therof to the disaduantage of the king and perillous example in time to come When the king had spent much monie in time of this parlement he demanded a disme and a halfe of the clergie and a fiftéenth of the temporaltie Finallie line 40 a generall pardon was granted for all offenses to all the kings subiects fiftie onelie excepted whose names he would not by anie meanes expresse but reserued them to his owne knowledge that when anie of the nobilitie offended him he might at his plesure name him to be one of the number excepted and so kéepe them still within his danger To the end that the ordinances iudgements and acts made pronounced and established in this parlement might be and abide in perpetuall strength and force the king line 50 purchased the popes buls in which were conteined greeuous censures and cursses pronounced against all such as did by anie means go about to breake and violate the statutes in the same parlement ordeined These buls were openlie published read at Paules crosse in London and in other the most publike places of the realme Manie other things were doone in this parlement to the displeasure of no small number of people namelie for that diuerse rightfull heires were disherited line 60 of their lands and liuings by authoritie of the same parlement with which wrongfull dooings the people were much offended so that the king and those that were about him and chéefe in councell came into great infamie and slander In déed the king after he had dispatched the duke of Glocester and the other noblemen was not a little glad for that he knew them still readie to disappoint him in all his purposes and therefore being now as it were carelesse did not behaue himselfe as some haue written in such discréet order as manie wished but rather as in time of prosperitie it often happeneth he forgot himselfe and began to rule by will more than by reason threatning death to each one that obâied not his inordinate desires By means whereof the lords of the realme began to feare their owne estates being in danger of his furious outrage whome they tooke for a man
him that he at his going into Ireland exacted manie notable summes of monie beside plate and iewels without law or custome contrarie to his oth taken at his coronation 20 Item where diuerse lords and iustices were sworne to saie the truth of diuerse things to them committed in charge both for the honor of the relme and profit of the king the said king so menaced them with sore threatenings that no man would or durst saie the right 21 Item that without the assent of the nobilitie he caââed the iewels plate and treasure ouer into Ireland to the great impouerishment of the realme and all the good records for the common-wealth and againsâ his extortions he caused priuilie to be imbesiled and conueâed awaie 22 Item in all leagues and letters to be concluded or sent to the sée of Rome or other regions his writing was so subtill and darke that none other prince once beléeued him nor yet his owne subiects 23 Item he most tyrannousâie and vnprincelie said that the liues and goods of all his subiects were in his hands and at his disposition 24 Item that contrarie to the great charter of England he caused diuerse lustie men to appeale diuerse old men vpon matters determinable at the common law in the court Martiall bicause that line 10 there is no triall but onelie by battell wherevpon the said aged persons fearing the sequele of the matter submitted themselues to his mercie whome he fined and ransomed vnreasonablie at his will and pleasure 25 Item he craftilie deuised certeine priuie othes contrarie to the law and caused diuerse of his subiects first to be sworne to obserue the same and after bound them in bonds for kéeping of the same to the great vndooing of manie honest men line 20 26 Item where the chancellor according to the law would in no wise grant a prohibition to a certeine person the king granted it vnto the same vnder his priuie seale with great threatenings if it should be disobeied 27 Item he banished the bishop of Canturburie without cause or iudgement and kept him in the parlement chamber with men of armes 28 Item the bishops goods he granted to his successor vpon condition that he should mainteine all line 30 his statutes made at Shrewesburie anno 21 and the statutes made anno 22 at Couentrie 29 Item vpon the accusation of the said bishop the king craftilie persuaded him to make no answer for he would be his warrant and aduised him not to come to the parlement and so without answer he was condemned and exiled and his goods seized These be all the articles of anie effect which were laid against him sauing foure other which touched onelie the archbishops matter whose working line 40 wroong king Richard at length from his crowne Then for so much as these articles and other heinous and detestable accusations were laid against him in open parlement it was thought by the most part that he was worthie to be deposed from all kinglie honor and princelie gouernement and to bring the matter without slander the better to passe diuerse of the kings seruants which by licence had accesse to his person comforted him being with sorrow almost consumed and in manner halfe dead in the best wise line 50 they could exhorting him to regard his health and saue his life And first they aduised him willinglie to suffer himselfe to be deposed and to resigne his right of his owne accord so that the duke of Lancaster might without murther or battell obteine the scepter and âiademe after which they well perceiued he gaped by meane whereof they thought he might be in perfect assurance of his life long to continue Whether this their persuasion procéeded by the suborning of line 60 the duke of Lancaster and his fauourers or of a sincere affection which they bare to the king as supposing it most sure in such an extremitie it is vncerteine but yet the effect followed not howsoeuer their meaning was notwithstanding the king being now in the hands of his enimies and vtterlie despairing of all comfort was easilie persuaded to renounce his crowne and princelie preheminence so that in hope of life onelie he agreed to all things that were of him demânded And so as it should seeme by the copie of an instrument hereafter following he renounced and voluntarilie was deposed from his roiall crowne and kinglie dignitie the mondaie being the nine and twentith daie of September and feast of S. Michaell the archangell in the yeare of our Lord 1399 and in the thrée and twentith yeare of his reigne The copie of which instrument here insueth A copie of the instrument touching the declaration of the commissioners sent from the states in parlement vnto king Richard THis present indenture made the nine and twentith daie of September and feast of saint Michaell in the yeare of our Lord 1399 and the three and twentith yeare of king Richard the second Witnesseth that where by the authoritie of the lords spirituall and temporall of this present parlement and commons of the same the right honorable and discreet persons heere vnder named were by the said authoritie assigned to go to the Tower of London there to heare and testifie such questions and answers as then and there should be by the said honourable and discreet persons hard Know all men to whome these present letters shall come that we sir Richard Scroope archbishop of Yorke Iohn bishop of Hereford Henrie earle of Northumberland Rafe earle of Westmerland Thomas lord Berkeleie William abbat of Westminster Iohn prior of Canturburie William Thirning and Hugh Burnell knights Iohn Markham iustice Thomas Stow and Iohn Burbadge doctors of the ciuill law Thomas Erpingham and Thomas Grey knights Thomas Ferebie and Denis Lopeham notaries publike the daie and yeere aboue said betweene the houres of eight and nine of the clocke before noone were present in the cheefe chamber of the kings lodging within the said place of the Tower where was rehearsed vnto the king by the mouth of the foresaid earle of Northumberland that before time at Conwaie in Northwales the king being there at his pleasure and libertie promised vnto the archbishop of Canturburie then Thomas Arundell and vnto the said earle of Northumberland that he for insufficiencie which he knew himselfe to be of to occupie so great a charge as to gouerne the realme of England he would gladlie leaue of and renounce his right and title as well of that as of his title to the crowne of France and his maiestie roiall vnto Henrie duke of Hereford and that to doo in such conuenient wise as by the learned men of this land it should most sufficientlie be deuised ordeined To the which rehearsall the king in our said presences answered benignlie and said that such promise he made and so to do the same he was at that houre in full purpose to performe and fulfill sauing that he desired first to haue personall speach with the said
425 426 427. Upon the thirtith of Maie next following she was crowned quéene of this realme of England at Westminster with all the solemnitie line 60 thereto apperteining This mariage séemed to manie both infortunate and vnprofitable to the realme of England and that for manie causes First the king had not one penie with hir and for the fetching of hir the marquesse of Suffolke demanded a whole fiftéenth in open parlement And also there was deliuered for hir the duchie of Aniou the citie of Mans and the whole countie of Maine which countries were the verie staies and backestands to the duchie of Normandie And furthermore the earle of Arminacke tooke such displeasure with the king of England for this mariage that he became vtter enimie to the crowne of England and was the cheefe cause that the Englishmen were expelled out of the whole duchie of Aquitaine But most of all it should séeme that God was displeased with this mariage for after the confirmation thereof the kings freends fell from him both in England and in France the lords of his realme fell at diuision and the commons rebelled in such sort that finallie after manie fields foughten and manie thousands of men slaine the king at length was deposed and his sonne killed and this quéene sent home againe with as much miserie and sorrow as she was receiued with pompe and triumph such is the instabilitie of worldlie felicitie and so wauering is false flattering fortune Which mutation and change of the better for the worse could not but nettle and sting hir with pensiuenesse yea and anie other person whatsoeuer that hauing béene in good estate falleth into the contrarie whereto the saieng of the poet giueth credit in these few words following Quem res plus nimio delectauère secundae Mutatae quatiunt This yeare after the deceasse of Henrie Chicheleie archbishop of Canturburie succeeded Iohn Stafford in that sée being translated from Bath and Wels. He was the thréescore and one archbishop as Polydor noteth During the time of the truce Richard duke of Yorke and diuerse other capteins repaired into England both to visit their wiues children and fréends and also to consult what should be doone if the truce ended For the which cause a parlement was called in the which it was especiallie concluded that by good foresight Normandie might be so furnished for defense before the end of the truce year 1446 that the French king should take no aduantage through want of timelie prouision for it was knowne that if a peace were not concluded the French king did prepare to imploie his whole puissance to make open warre Héerevpon monie was granted an armie leuied and the duke of Summerset appointed to be regent of Normandie and the duke of Yorke thereof discharged I haue séene in a register booke belonging sometime to the abbeie of saint Albons that the duke of of Yorke was established regent of France after the deceasse of the duke of Bedford to continue in that office for the tearme of fiue yeares which being expired he returned home and was ioifullie receiued of the king with thanks for his good seruice as he had full well deserued in time of that his gouernement and further that now when a new regent was to be chosen and sent ouer to abide vpon safegard of the countries beyond the seas as yet subiect to the English dominion the said duke of Yorke was eftsoones as a man most méet to supplie that roome appointed to go ouer againe as regent of France with all his former allowances But the duke of Summerset still maligning the duke of Yorkes aduancement as he had sought to hinder his dispatch at the first when he was sent ouer to be regent as before yee haue heard he likewise now wrought so that the king reuoked his grant made to the duke of Yorke for enioieng of that office the terme of other fiue yéeres and with helpe of William marquesse of Suffolke obteined that grant for himselfe Which malicious deling the duke of Yorke might so euill beare that in the end the heate of displeasure burst out into such a flame as consumed at length not onelie both those two noble personages but also manie thousands of others though in diuers times and seasons as in places hereafter as occasion serueth it shall more euidentlie appeare But now to returne to the parlement The marques of Suffolke supposing all men had as well liked his dooings during the time of his legation in France as himselfe the second daie of Iune in the first session of this parlement in the higher house openlie eloquentlie and boldlie declared his paine trauell and diligence susteined in his said legation as well for the taking and concluding an abstinence of warre as in the making of the mariage remembring them also that the said truce expired the first of Aprill next except a finall peace or a further truce were concluded in the meane season and therefore he aduised them to prouide and foresée things necessarie for the warre as though no concord should succeed least happilie the Frenchmen perceiuing line 10 them vnprouided would take their aduantage and agrée neither to peace nor amitie saieng vnto them further that sith he had admonished the king and them according to his dutie if anie thing happened otherwise than well he was thereof innocent and guiltlesse and had acquited himselfe like a true and louing subiect and a faithfull councellour praieng the lords to haue it in remembrance Likewise on the morow after he descended into the common house accompanied with certeine lords line 20 and there declared the same matter to the knights citizens and burgesses praieng the commons for his discharge that as well all his dooings and procéedings in the kings affaires beyond the sea as also his aduertisement and counsell opened to the lords and commons now togither assembled might be by the king and them inacted and inrolled in the records of the parlement Wherevpon the next daie after the speaker William Burghleie and the companie of line 30 the lower house repaired vnto the kings presence sitting amongst the lords of the vpper house there humblie required that the request of the marquesse might be granted And so likewise the lords made the like petition kneeling on their knées insomuch that the king condescended to their desires and so the labours demeanours diligences and declarations of the said marquesse togither with the desires not onelie of the lords but also of the commons as well for the honour of him and his posteritie as for line 40 his acquitall and discharge were inacted and inrolled in the records of the parlement By the quéenes meanes shortlie after also was the said marquesse aduanced so in authoritie that he ruled the king at his pleasure and to his high preferment obteined the wardships both of the bodie and lands of the countesse of Warwike and of the ladie Margaret sole heire
and reputation After the warres foulie ended in forren parties ciuill dissention began againe at home diuided speciallie into two factions As K. Henrie descended of the house of Lancaster possessed the crowne from his grandfather king Henrie the fourth first author of that title so Richard duke of Yorke as heire to Lionell duke of Clarence third sonne to king Edward the third inforced By reason whereof the nobles as well as the common people were into parts diuided to the vtter destruction of manie a man and to the great ruine and decaie of this region for while the one partie sought to destroie the other all care of the common-wealth was set aside and iustice and equitie clearelie exiled The duke of Yorke aboue all things first sought means how to stir vp the malice of the people against the duke of Summerset imagining that he being made awaie his purpose should the sooner take effect He also practised to bring the king into the hatred of the people as that he should not be a man apt to the gouernment of a realme wanting both wit and stomach sufficient to supplie such a roome Manie of the high estates not liking the world and disalowing the dooings both of the king and his councell were faine inough of some alteration Which thing the duke well vnderstanding chiefelie sought the fauour of the two Neuils both named Richard one earle of Salisburie the other earle of Warwike the first being the father and the second the sonne This earle of Salisburie was second son to Rafe Neuill earle of Westmerland whose daughter the duke of Yorke had maried and the said Richard was espoused to ladie Alice the onelie child and sole heire of Thomas Montacute earle of Salisburie slaine at the siege of Orleance as before is declared of which woman he begat Richard Iohn and George Richard the eldest sonne espoused Anne the sister and heire of the entire bloud to lord Henrie Beauchamp earle and after duke of Warwike in whose right and title he was created and named earle of Warwike Full fraught was this noble man with good qualities right excellent and manie all which a certeine naturall grace did vnto all estates so farfoorth line 10 recommend that with high and low he was in singular fauour and good liking so as vnsought for it séemed in authoritie among them he grew able to command all alone When the duke of Yorke had fastened his chaine betwéene these two strong pillers he with his frends wrought so effectuouslie and handled his businesse so politikelie that the duke of Summerset was arested in the quéenes great chamber and sent to the Tower of London where he kept his Christmasse without line 20 great solemnitie Against whom soone after in open parlement were laid diuerse ãâã heinous articles of high treason year 1455 as well for the losse of Normandie as for the late mischance which happened in Guien The king at that time was sicke at Clarendon and conueied to London by reason whereof no finall determination procéeded in this weightie cause but all was put in suspense till the next assemblie of the high court of parlement Some doo write that whilest the king was sicke the duke of Yorke bare all the rule and gouerned as regent or viceroie by authoritie line 30 committed to him by the lords of the realme then assembled in councell he to sée to the preseruation and good gouernement of the common-wealth during the kings sicknesse which was so greeuous as it was said that he laie senselesse and was not able for a time either to go or stand The duke of Yorke hauing aforehand obteined an absolution of the pope in discharge of his oth before taken did now discouer his stomach against the duke of Summerset But when the king was amended line 40 againe and resumed to him his former gouernement either of his owne mind or by the queenes procurement the duke of Summerset was set at libertie by which doing great enuie and displeasure grew That notwithstanding the quéene which then bare the chiefe rule caused the duke of Summerset to be preferred to the capteineship of Calis wherwith not onlie the commons but also manie of the nobilitie were greatlie gréeued and offended saieng that he had lost Normandie and so would he doo Calis line 50 The duke of Yorke and his adherents perceiuing that neither exhortation nor charging him with his crimes preuailed against the duke of Summerset they meant to mend the matter by open war soone after he being in the marches of Wales accompanied with his speciall friends the earles of Salisburie and Warwike the lord Cobham and others assembled a power and in warlike maner marched toward London The king informed hereof assembled likewise a great host and meaning to méet with the line 60 duke rather in the north parts than about London where it was thought he had too manie friends he accompanied with the dukes of Summerset and Buckingham the earles of Penbroke Stafford Northumberland Deuonshire Dorset and Wilshire the lords Clifford Sudlie Berneis Roos and others being in all aboue two thousand men of warre departed from Westminster the twentith or as some haue the one and twentith of Maie and laie the first night at Wadford Of whose dooings the duke of Yorke by espials hauing still aduertisement with all his power being not past thrée thousand men as some write coasted the countrie and came to saint Albons the third daie next insuing The king there had pight his standard in a place called Goselow otherwise Sandiford in saint Peters street the lord Clifford kept the barriers of the towne to stop that the duke being assembled in Keie field should not enter the towne ¶ The duke of Yorke saith one moderne chronographer knowing the strength made against him abiding in the field aforesaid from seuen of the clocke in the morning vntill it was almost ten of the clocke without anie stroke smitten on either part by the aduise of his councell sent vnto the king vnder these words following Words in writing by the duke of Yorke to the king PLease it vnto your excellent grace Richard duke of Yorke to take him as your true liege man and humble subiect and to consider and tender at the reuerence of God and in the waie of charitie the true intent of my comming and to be good and gratious souereigne vnto me all other your true liege men which that with all their power and might will be readie to liue and die with you in your right and to doo all things as shall like your maiestie roiall to command vs if it be to the worship of the crowne of England and the welfare of this your noble realme Moreouer gratious lord please it vnto your maiestie roiall of your great goodnesse and rightwisenesse to incline your will to heare féele the rightwise part of vs your true subiects and
if there escaped not a fault in the impression as 8000 for 800 sith hundreds in verie déed would better agrée with the number of the kings whole power which he brought with him to that battell being not manie aboue two thousand as by writers appeareth Humfreie duke of Buckingham being wounded and Iames Butler earle of Ormond and Wilshire and Thomas Thorp lord chéefe baron of the escheker séeing fortune thus against them left the king alone and with a number fled awaie Those that thus fled made the best shift they could to get awaie through gardens and backesides through shrubs hedges and woods séeking places where to hide themselues vntill that dangerous tempest of the battell were ouerblowne Diuerse of the kings house also that could better skill to plaie the courtiers than warriors fled with the first and those of the east parts of the realme were likewise noted of too much lacke of courage for their spéedie withdrawing themselues and leauing the king in danger of his aduersaries who perceiuing his men thus fled from him withdrew into a poore mans house to saue himselfe from the shot of arrowes that fiue about him as thicke as snow ¶ This doone saith one historien the duke of Yorke the earles of Warwike and Salisburie came vnto the king where he was and be sought him on their knées of grace and forgiuenesse for that they had doone in his presence and besought him of his highnesse to take them to grace and as his true liege men The king desiring them to cease their people that there should be no more hurt doone and to obeie his commandement did cause to be proclamed in the kings name that all manner of people should cease off their malice and not to smite one stroke more and so ceased the battell And vpon the day next after the king and the duke of Yorke the earles of Warwike Salisburie came all to London and were lodged in the bishops palace of London where they kept their Whitsuntide with great ioy and solemnitie concluding there to hold a parlement the same to begin on the ninth daie of Iulie next following Another historien saith that the duke of Yorke aduertised of the place into the which the king was withdrawne for the safetie of himselfe and taking him into his power comforted him in the best wise he could assuring him that now that the common enimie of the realme was dispatched to wit the duke of Summerset he had cause rather to reioise than to be sorie sith his destruction was the kings preseruation And for himselfe and all his adherents he vndertooke that they were and would remaine during life his most faithfull liege people readie in all points to serue him as his trustie and obedient subiects After he had vsed such words as wherewith best to comfort him he brought the king foorth of that simple house with all due reuerence shewed toward him first to the shrine and after to his chamber Whilest the duke of Yorke was about thus to comfort line 10 the king the soldiers that had the victorie now in their hands applied the spoile namelie the Northerne men stripping not onelie those that had borne armor against them but also the townsmen and other with whom they might méet So that it was thought if the king had taken vp his lodging at his first comming thither within the abbeie as he did not but in the middest of the towne to prouide the better to resist his enimies the abbeie had beene spoiled also This line 20 was the end of the first battell at saint Albons which was fought vpon the thursdaie next before the feast of Penthecost being the thrée and twentith day of Maie in this three and thirtith yeare of the kings reigne The bodies of the noble men were buried in the monasterie in our ladies chappell and the meane people in other places This Edmund duke of Summerset left behind him thrée sonnes Henrie Edmund and Iohn which to the extremitie of death tooke part with the line of king Henrie line 30 There was this yeare a great fight fraie vpon Clift heath distant about two miles from Excester betwéene Thomas Courtneie earle of Deuonshire against William lord Bonuile of Shut and sundrie men of both parts were slaine But yet the lord Bonuile preuailed had the victorie who foorthwith came to this citie and the gates before being shut were opened and he receiued which thing so gréeued the earle that he continuallie sought thencefoorth to be reuenged But not long after in the quarell betwéen king Henrie the sixt and king Edward the fourth line 40 he ended his daies and was beheaded at Yorke and was the last of that line The duke of Yorke hauing gotten the victorie remembred well that he had published abroad how the onelie cause of this warre was for the aduancement of the common-wealth and therefore vsing all courtesie would not touch the kings person after anie violent sort but with all honour and due reuerence conueied him to London and so to Westminster To which place was summoned a parlement line 50 which began the ninth daie of Iulie in the which session the late duke of Glocester was openlie declared a true subiect both to the king and to the realme Beside this it was enacted that no person should either iudge or report anie point of vntruth of the duke of Yorke the earles of Salisburie and Warwike or of anie knight esquier archer or other for comming in warlike araie against the king at saint Albons considering their enterprise was onelie to sée the kings line 60 person in safegard But all the blame was put vpon the duke of Summerset Thomas Thorp baron of the escheker and William Iosep esquier the kings collaterall companion bicause that they vpon malicious purpose kept a certeine letter from the kings knowledge and would in no wise suffer it to be deliuered vnto him notwithstanding the same made to the aduancement of some good peace had it béene throughlie and aduisedlie read weied considered In which letter they declared that as faithfull and humble subiects they required onelie that it would please the king whose honor health suertie and preseruation they chéefelie wished not to giue credence to their aduersaries malicious suggestions till their comming to his presence vnto the which they humblie be sought him that they might be admitted as his faithfull liege people to shew the intent and purpose of their commings which was to none other end than to declare their fidelitie and allegiance towards his most roiall person intending to put themselues with as much diligence and trauell in all things that might aduance his honour health and safegard as any subiect he had liuing The kéeping backe of this letter from the kings sight and knowledge did minister matter sufficient vnto the parlement to colour and iustifie for well doone all transgressions committed in the late battell and chase at
substance of the people nor hée himselfe so speciallie in anie part of his life as at the time of his death Which fauour and affection yet after his deceasse by the crueltie mischiefe and trouble of the tempestuous world that followed highlie toward him more increased At such time as he died the displeasure of those that bare him grudge for king Henries sake the sixt whome he deposed was well asswaged in effect quenched in that manie of them line 40 were dead in more than twentie yeres of his reigne a great part of a long life and manie of them in the meane season growne into his fauour of which he was neuer strange He was a goodlie personage and princelie to behold of heart couragious politike in counsell in aduersitie nothing abashed in prosperitie rather ioifull than proud in peace iust and mercifull in warre sharpe and fierce in the field bold and hardie and natheles no further than wisdome would aduenturous whose warres who so well considered he shall no lesse commend his wisedome where he voided than his manhood where he vanquished He was of visage louelie of bodie mightie strong and cleane made howbeit in his latter daies with ouer liberall diet somewhat corpulent and boorelie and nathelesse not vncomelie He was of youth greatlie giuen to fleshlie wantonnesse from which health of bodie in great prosperitie and fortune without a speciall grace hardlie refraineth the poet implieng no lesse and saieng Mens erit apta capi tunc cùm laetissima rerum Vt seges in pingui luxuriabit humo This fault not greatlie gréeued the people for neither could anie one mans pleasure stretch and extend to the displeasure of verie manie and was without violence and ouer that in his latter daies lessed and well left In which time of his latter daies this realme was in quiet and prosperous estate no feare of outward enimies no warre in hand nor none toward but such as no man looked for The people toward the prince not in a constreined feare but in a willing and louing obedience among themselues the commons in good peace The lords whome hée knew at variance himselfe in his death bed appeased he had left all gathering of monie which is the onelie thing that withdraweth the hearts of English men from the prince nor anie thing intended he to take in hand by which he should be driuen therto for his tribute out of France he had before obteined and the yeare foregoing his death he had obteined Berwike And albeit that all the time of his reigne he was with his people so benigne courteous and so familiar that no part of his vertues was more estéemed yet the condition in the end of his daies in which manie princes by a long continued souereigntie decline into a proud port from debonair behauior of their beginning maruellouslie in him grew and increased so farre foorth that in summer the last that euer hée saw his highnes being at Windsor in hunting sent for the maior aldermen of London to him for none other errand but to haue them hunt be merrie with him where he made them not so statelie but so fréendlie and familiar cheere and sent venison from thence so freelie into the citie that no one thing in manie daies before gat him either more hearts or more heartie fauour amongest the common people which oftentimes more estéeme and take for greater kindnesse a little courtesie than a great benefit So deceassed as I haue said this noble king in that time in which his life was most desired Whose loue of his people and their entier affection towards him had béene to his noble children hauing in themselues also as manie gifts of nature as manie princelie vertues as much goodlie towardnesse as their age could receiue a maruellous fortresse and sure armor if diuision and dissention of their fréends had not vnarmed them and left them destitute and the execrable desire of souereigntie prouoked him to their destruction which if either kind or kindnesse had holden place must needs haue béene their cheefe defense For Richard the duke of Glocester by nature line 10 their vncle by office their protector to their father beholden to themselues by oth and allegiance bounden all the bands broken that bind man and man togither without anie respect of God or the world vnnaturallie contriued to beréeue them not onelie their dignitie but also their liues But forsomuch as this dukes demeanor ministreth in effect all the whole matter whereof this booke shall intreat it is therefore conuenient somewhat to shew you yer we further go what maner of man this was line 20 that could find in his hart such mischiefe to conceiue Richard duke of Yorke a noble man and a mightie began not by warre but by law to chalenge the crowne putting his claime into the parlement where his cause was either for right or fauor so farre foorth aduanced that king Henrie his bloud albeit he had a goodlie prince vtterlie reiected the crowne was by authoritie of parlement intailed vnto the duke of Yorke and his issue male in remainder immediatlie after the death of king Henrie But the line 30 duke not induring so long to tarrie but intending vnder pretext of dissention and debate arising in the realme to preuent his time and to take vpon him the rule in king Henrie his life was with manie nobles of the realme at Wakefield slaine leauing thrée sonnes Edward George and Richard All thrée as they were great states of birth so were they great and statelie of stomach greedie and ambitious of authoritie and impatient of partners Edward reuenging his fathers death depriued king line 40 Henrie and atteined the crowne George duke of Clarence was a goodlie noble prince and at all times fortunate if either his owne ambition had not set him against his brother or the enuie of his enimies his brother against him For were it by the quéene and lords of hir bloud which highlie maligned the kings kinred as women commonlie not of malice but of nature hate them whome their husbands loue or were it a proud appetite of the duke himselfe intending to be king at the least wise heinous treason line 50 was there laid to his charge and finallie were hée faultie were he faultlesse atteinted was he by parlement and iudged to the death and therevpon hastilie drowned in a butt of malmesie Whose death king Edward albeit he commanded it when he wist it was doone pitiouslie bewailed and sorrowfullie repented Richard the third sonne of whome we now intreat was in wit and courage equall with either of them in bodie and prowesse farre vnder them both line 60 litle of stature ill featured of limmes crooke backed his left shoulder much higher than his right hard fauoured of visage and such as is in states called warlie in othermen otherwise he was malicious wrathfull enuious and from afore his birth euer froward It is for truth
and so deadlie fought as was in that kings daies that dead is God forgiue it his soule In whose time and by whose occasion what about the getting of the garland keeping it leesing and winning againe it line 20 hath cost more English bloud than hath twise the winning of France In which inward war among our selues hath beene so great effusion of the ancient noble bloud of this realme that scarselie the halfe remaineth to the great infeebling of this noble land beside manie a good towne ransacked and spoiled by them that haue beene going to the field or comming from thence line 30 And peace long after not much surer than war So that no time was therein which rich men for their monie and great men for their lands or some other for some feare or some displeasure were not out of perill For whom trusted he that mistrusted his owne brother Whome spared he that killed his owne brother Or who could perfectlie loue him if his owne brother could not line 40 What maner of folke he most fauoured we shall for his honour spare to speake of Howbeit this wote you well all that who so was best bare alwaie least rule more sute was in his daies to Shores wife a vile and an abhominable strumpet than to all the lords in England except vnto those that made hir their proctor Which simple woman was well named honest line 50 till the king for his wanton lust and sinfull affection bereft hir from hir husband a right honest substantiall yoong man among you And in that point which in good faith I am sorie to speake of sauing that it is in vaine to keepe in counsell that thing that all men know the kings greedie appetite was insatiable and euerie where ouer all the realme intollerable line 60 For no woman was there anie where yoong or old rich or poore whome he set his eie vpon in whome he anie thing liked either person or fauour speech pase or countenance but without anie feare of God or respect of his honour murmur or grudge of the world he would importunelie pursue his appetite and haue hir to the great destruction of manie a good woman and great dolor to their husbands and their other freends which being honest people of them selues so much regard the cleannesse of their house the chastitie of their wiues and their children that them were leauer to leese all that they had beside than to haue such a villanie doone them And all were it that with this and other importable dealing the realme was in euerie part annoied yet speciallie yee heere the citizens of this noble citie as well for that amongest you is most plentie of all such things as minister matter to such iniuries as for that you were neerest at hand sith that neere heere abouts was commonlie his most abiding And yet be yee the people whome he had as singular cause well and kindlie to intreat as anie part of his realme not onelie for that the prince by this noble citie as his speciall chamber the speciall well renowmed citie of this realme much honourable fame receiueth among all other nations but also for that yee not without your great cost sundrie perils ieopardies in all his warres bare euen your speciall fauor to his part Which your kind minds borne to the house of Yorke sith he hath nothing worthilie acquited there is of that house that now by Gods grace better shall which thing to shew you is the whole summe and effect of this our present errand It shall not I wot well need that I rehearse you againe that yee haue alreadie heard of him that can better tell it and of whome I am sure yee will better beleeue it And reason is that it so be I am not so proud to looke therefore that yee should reckon my words of as great authoritie as the preachers of the word of God namlie a man so cunning and so wise that no man better woteth what he should saie and thereto so good and vertuous that he would not saie the thing which he wist he should not saie in the pulpit namelie into the which no honest man commeth to lie Which honorable preacher yee well remember substantiallie declared vnto you at Paules crosse on sundaie last passed the right title that the most excellent prince Richard duke of Glocester now protector of this realme hath vnto the crowne and kingdome of the same For as the worshipfull man groundlie made open vnto you the children of king Edward the fourth were neuer lawfullie begotten forsomuch as the king leauing his verie wife dame Elizabeth Lucie was neuer lawfullie maried vnto the queene their mother whose bloud sauing that he set his voluptuous pleasure before his honor was full vnmeetlie to be matched with his and the mingling of whose blouds togither hath beene the effusion of a great part of the noble bloud of this realme Wherby it may well seeme the mariage not well made of which there is so much mischeefe growne For lacke of which lawfull coupling also of other things which the said worshipfull doctor rather signified than fullie explaned which things shall not be spoken for me as the thing wherein euerie man forbereth to say that he knoweth in auoiding displeasure of my noble lord protector bearing as nature requireth a filiall reuerence to the duchesse his mother For these causes I say before remembred that is to wit for lacke of other issue lawfullie of the late noble prince Richard duke of Yorke to whose roiall bloud the crowne of England and of France is by the high authoritie of parlement intailed the right and title of the same is by the iust course of line 10 inheritance according to the coÌmon lawes of the land deuolued commen vnto the most excellent prince the lord protector as to the verie lawfullie begotten sonne of the foreremembred noble duke of Yorke Which thing well considered and the great knightlie prowesse pondered with manifold vertues which in his noble person singularlie abound the nobles and line 20 commons also of this realme and speciallie of the north part not willing anie bastard bloud to haue the rule of the land nor the abusions before in the same vsed anie longer to continue haue condescended and fullie determined to make humble petition to the most puissant prince the lord protector that it maie like his grace at our humble request to take vpon him the guiding and line 30 gouernance of this realme to the wealth and increase of the same according to his verie right and iust title Which thing I wote it well he will be loth to take vpon him as he whose wisdome well perceiueth the labor and studie both of mind and bodie that come therewith to whomsoeuer so will occupie the roome as I dare say hee will if he take it Which roome I warne you well is no childs office And that the
and search of all secret by-waies sent before all his noble men as though for a certeine familiaritie and kindnesse they should visit and comfort the duke which then for recreation and change of aire laie on the borders and confines of France And secretlie he gaue charge to the earle line 20 of Penbroke which was the leader and conductor of his companie that when they approched the marches and limits of Britaine they should diuert and take the next waie into France The noble men somewhat suspicious of things newlie imagined without any tarieng scowring the waies as fast as their horsses could runne came out of the duchie of Britaine into the duchie of Aniou in the dominion of France where they taried the erles comming which two daies after departed out of line 30 Uannes onelie accompanied with flue seruitors as though he had gone secretlie to visit a familiar friend of his in a small village adioining No man suspected that he would depart considering that a great multitude of Englishmen were left and continued in the citie But after that he had passed directlie fiue miles forward he suddenlie turned into a solitarie wood next adioining where clothing himselfe in the simple coat of his poore seruant made and appointed his said minister leader and maister of his small companie line 40 he as an humble page diligentlie followed and serued his counterfeit gouernor neither resting nor refreshing themselues except the baiting of their horsses till they by waies vnknowne now this way now turning that way came to their companie abiding them in Angiers The fourth day after the earle of Richmond was thus departed that craftie merchant Peter Landoise thirsting still after his preie promised by king Richard was readie to set forward his crew of souldiers line 50 which he priuilie had consigned with certeine trustie capteins for that onelie purpose appointed and elected to performe and atchiue his pretended enterprise dissembling and feining them to be conducted and hired by him to serue the earle of Richmond and him to conduct in his returne toward his natiue countrie meaning no other thing but to apprehend him and the other noble men in his retinue which no such fraud suspected nor yet anie treason imagined vnware and vnprouided and destitute of all aid and line 60 them to cast and commit suddenlie into continuall captiuitie and bondage to the intent that by this his wretched and naughtie act he might satisfie the charitable request and louing desire of good king Richard more for his owne profit than king Richards gaine But when this craftie dissembler Peter Landoise which was no wilier than an old fox perceiued that the earle was departed thinking that to be true that he imagined Lord how currors ran into euerie coast how light horssemen gallopped in euerie street to follow and deteine him if by anie possibilitie hee could be met with and ouertaken and him to apprehend and bring captiue into the citie of Uannes The horssemen made such diligence and with such celeritie set forward their iournie that nothing was more likelie than they to haue obteined yea and seized their preie For the earle of Richmond was not entered into the realme of France scarse one houre but the followers came to the limits and confines of Britaine and durst aduenture no further but vainlie without their desire sorrowfullie returned At which season were left at Uannes about the number of three hundred Englishmen which not being called to counsell and vnware of this enterprise but knowing of the earles sudden departure were so incontinentlie astonied that in maner they were all in despaire both of him and their owne suertie and safegard But fortune turned his saile and otherwise it happened than their feare them incumbered For the duke of Britaine now being somewhat recouered was sore displeased and nothing contented that the earle of Richmond was in his dominion so vncourteouslie vsed and intreated that he should be by fraud and vntruth compelled to leaue and flie out of his duchie and countrie contrarie to his honour Wherfore he tooke verie great displeasure with Peter Landoise his treasuror to whome although he knew not and was ignorant that all the drift was driuen and deuised by him he laid the fault and imputed the crime Herevpon he sent for Edward Wooduile and Edward Poinings valiant esquiers of England and deliuered vnto them monie sufficient for their conduct willing them to conueie the rest of the Englishmen being in Britaine to the erle of Richmonds presence When the earle was thus furnished and appointed with his trustie companie and was escaped all the dangers labirinths and snares that were set for him no maruell though he were iocund and glad of the prosperous successe that happened in his affaires Wherefore least he should séeme to be blotted with the note of ingratitude he sent diuerse of his gentlemen to the duke of Britaine the which should publish and declare to him on the behalfe of the earle that he and his were onelie by his benefit and fauour conserued and deliuered from the imminent danger that they were like to be trapped in Wherefore at that time he rendered vnto him his most hartie thanks in words trusting and not doubting but in time to come liberallie to recompense him with acts and déeds After this the earle tooke his iournie to Charles the French king lieng then at Langes vpon the riuer of Loire to whome after great thanks giuen for manifold pleasures by him to the earle shewed hée disclosed and manifested the cause and occasion of his accesse and repaire to his person After that hée required of him helpe and succour to the intent that by his immortall benefit to him at that time shewed hée might safelie returne vnto the nobilitie of his realme of whome he was generallie called to take vpon him the crown scepter of the realme sith they much hated and abhorred the tyrannie of king Richard King Charles promised him aid and comfort and bade him be of good courage and make good cheare for he assured him that he would gladlie shew to him his beneuolent mind and bountifull liberalitie Which king from thence remooued to Mountargis leading with him the earle of Richmond and all the noble personages of his retinue and faction ¶ This is that Charles the French K. in whose time France was all aflant for the state of that realme is said that then it was verie populous in multitudes of men for wealth and riches euerie particular region most fertile and plentifull for glorie in armes most florishing renowmed a policie well directed discipline administred an authoritie dreadfull and in opinion and hope most mightie lastlie their generall conditions and faculties so well furnished as perhaps it was not more happie in these mortall felicities since the daies of Charlemaine It was newlie amplified in euerie one of the three parts wherein all Gall stood diuided by the ancients for
manour Midder Crowling Marbottell Lowbog Seforth manor Middell right Primsted Broket Shawes Harwell Wide open Haugh with others On the fiftéenth daie of Aprill began the parlement which was holden as then at the Blackefriers line 10 and that daie the masse of the Holie-ghost was soong all the lords being present in their parlement robes ¶ Now when masse was finished the K. came to the parlement chamber and there sat downe in the seat roiall or throne and at his féet on the right side sat the cardinall of Yorke and the archbishop of Canturburie and at the raile behind stood doctor Tunstall bishop of London which made to the whole parlement an eloquent oration declaring to the people the office of a king First he must be a man of iudgement line 20 according to the saieng of the prophet Dauid Deus iudicium tuum regi da c. Also he must be a man of great learning according to the saieng of the prophet Erudimini qui tudicatis terram According to which saiengs he said that God had sent vs a prince of great iudgement of great learning and great experience which according to his princelie dutie forgat not to studie to set forward all things which might be profitable to his people and realme least might be laid to his charge the saieng of Seneca Es line 30 rex non habes tempus esse rex Art thou a king and hast no time to be a king Which is as much to saie as Art thou a king and dooest nothing profitable to thy people Art thou a king and séest the people haue an insufficient law Art thou a king and wilt not prouide remedie for the mischéefe of thy people These things haue mooued the kings most excellent maiestâe to call this his high court of parlement both for the remedie of mischéefs which be in the common law as recoueries forren vouchers line 40 corrupt trials and for making and ordering of new statutes which maie be to the high aduancement of the common-wealth Wherefore he willeth his commons to repaire to the common house and there to elect them a speaker or their common mouth and to certifie the lord chancellor of the same who should thereof make report to the kings most noble grace and should declare his pleasure when he would haue him presented to his person This was the cause of the parlement as he said But suerlie of these things line 50 no word was spoken in the whole parlement and in effect no good act made except the grant of a great subsidie were one But according to this instruction the commons departed to the common house chose for their speaker sir Thomas More knight presented him on the saturday after in the parlement chamber where he according to the old vsage disabled himselfe both in wit learning discretion to speake before the king and brought in for his purpose how one Phormio desired Haniball to come to his reading line 60 which thereto assented and when Haniball was come he began to read De remilitari that is of cheualrie When Haniball perceiued him he called him arrogant foole bicause he would presume to teach him which was maister of cheualrie in the feats of warre So the speaker said if he should speake before the king of learning and ordering of a common-wealth and such other like the king so well learned and of such prudence and experience might saie to him as Haniball said to Phormio Wherefore he desired his grace that the commons might choose an other speaker The cardinall answered that the king knew his wit learning and discretion by long experience in his seruice wherefore he thought that the commons had chosen him as the most meetest of all and so he did admit him Then sir Thomas Moore gaue to the king his most humble thanks and desired of him two petitions the one if he should be sent from the commons to the king on message and mistake their intent that he might with the kings pleasure resort againe vnto the commons for the knowledge of their true meaning The other was if in communication and reasoning any man in the common house should speake more largelie than of dutie he ought to doo that all such offenses should be pardoned and that to be entered of record Which two petitions were granted and so thus began the parlement and continued as you shall heare This yeare was the citie and the whole I le of the Rhodes conquered by the Turke and all the christians displaced whereof Guicciardin hath discoursed as followeth ¶ The end of this yeare saith he was made no lesse wretched and vnhappie than slanderous to all christian princes for the losse of the I le of Rhodes which Soliman Ottoman tooke by violence notwithstanding it was defended by the knights of Rhodes called in other times more ancient the knights of saint Iohn of Ierusalem And abiding in that place since they were chased out of Ierusalem notwithstanding they laie betweene two so mightie princes as the Turke the Soloan yet their valour had preserued it of long time and to the right woorthie glorie of theââââder they had remained as an assured rampie ãâã christian religion in those seas yet they were not without their imputations notes of infamie for that hauing a continuall custome for the better defending of ãâã shoares to spoile the vessels of the infidels theââere thought sometimes to make pillage of christiaâ ships The Turke sent into the Iland a woonderfull great armie which remaining there manie moneths with no lesse horrour to good men for their cruelties than terrour to all men for their huge numbers at last he came thither in person And drawing to his desire of conquest and glorie the respect of profit and riches which the victorie would yéeld he lost not one minute of time to vex them Wherein his industrie was nothing inferiour to his valour for sometimes he cast monstrous mines and trenches sometimes he raised platformes of earth and wood whose height ouertopped the wals of the towne and sometimes he afflicted them with most furious and bloudie assaults insomuch that as these works and engines were not performed without a woonderfull butcherie slaughter of his souldiors so also the defense of them was so dangerous to the liues of them within that manie numbers were diminished manie bodies maimed and made vnseruiceable the residue sore terrified by the calamitie of their companions and fréends to whome they could giue no other propertie of compassion than to mourne with them in their common miserie Their aduersitie was so much the more intollerable by how much their trauels were without fruit their words without comfort and their valour disfauoured of fortune lastlie their store of gunpowder was consumed which is not the least necessitie for the defense of a place They saw before their eies huge breaches made into their walles with the artilleries of their enimies
apperteined I assure you my lord ambassador that beside that I doubt not but your maister will recompense you for the same yée may be assured that where particularlie in anie thing I may pleasure you I will doo it with as good a will as you can require me line 30 And to make answer to that which your maister by word of mouth hath said vnto Guien and Clarenceaux kings of armes of the king my good brother and perpetuall and best alie and of me vpon the intimation of the warre which hath beene made by vs consisting in eight points I will that each one vnderstand it First as to the which he saith he maruelleth that he hauing me a prisoner by iust warre and hauing also my faith I should defie him and that in reason I neither may nor ought to doo it I answer line 40 thereto that if I were his prisoner here and that he had my faith he had spoken true but I know not that the emperor hath euer at anie time had my faith that may in anie wise auaile him For first in what warre so euer I haue béene I know not that I haue either séene him or encountred with him When I was prisoner garded with foure or fiue hundred harquebuzers sicke in my bed and in danger of death it was an easie matter to constreine me but not verie honorable to him that should doo it and after that I returned into France I know not line 50 anie that hath had power to compell me to it and to doo it willinglie without constraint it is a thing which I waie more than so lightlie to bind my selfe thereto And bicause I will not that my honor come in disputation although I know well that euerie man of warre knoweth sufficientlie that a prisoner garded is not bound to anie faith nor can bind himselfe thereto in anie thing I doo neuerthelesse send to your master this writing signed with mine owne line 60 hand the which my lord ambassadour I praie you read and afterwards promise me to deliuer it vnto your master and not to anie other And herewith the king caused it to be deliuered to the said ambassador by master Iohn Robertet one of the secretaries of the estate and of his chamber The ambassador tooke the writing in his hand and after excused himselfe to the king saieng That as to him by the letter which his master souereigne lord had written vnto him now lastlie his commission was alreadie expired and that he had no further commandement nor instructions from his maiestie but to take leaue of the king with as much spéed as he might and to returne home Which he most humblie besought him to permit him to doo without further charge or commission although he knew that he was at his commanddement and that he might at his pleasure constreine him as seemed to him good Herevnto the king answered My lord ambassador sith you will not take vpon you to read this writing I will cause it to be read in this companie to the end that euerie one may vnderstand and know that I am cleered in that whereof against trueth he goeth about to accuse me Beside that if you afterwards will not beare it deliuer it to him I will send one of my heralds here present to go in companie with you for whom you shall procure a good auailable safe conduct that he maie passe vnto your master protesting demanding that an act maie be registred before this companie that if he will not it should come to his knowledge that I am discharged in that I doo my best to cause him to vnderstand it accordinglie as I ought to doo and in such sort as he can not pretend cause of ignorance ¶ After the king had ended these words he called to him the said Robertet and commanded him to reade the said writing with a lowd voice which was doone word for word The copie of the said writing directed to the emperour WE Francis by the grace of God king of France lord of Genes c. To you Charles by the same grace chosen emperour of Rome and king of Spaine We doo you to wit that being aduertised that in all the answers that you haue made to our ambassadors and heraulds sent to you for the establishing of peace in excusing your selfe without all reason you haue accused vs saieng that we haue plight you our faith and that therevpon besides our promise we departed out of your hands and power In defense of our honour which hereby might be burthened too much against all truth we thought good to send you this writing by which we giue you to vnderstand that notwithstanding that no man being in ward is bound to keepe faith and that the same might be a sufficient excuse for vs yet for the satisfieng of all men and our said honor which we mind to keepe and will keepe if it please God vnto the death that if ye haue charged or will charge vs not onelie with our said faith and deliuerance but that euer we did anie thing that became not a gentleman that had respect to his honor that ye lie falslie in your throat and as oft as ye saie it ye lie and we determine to defend our honor to the vttermost drop of our bloud Wherefore seeing ye haue charged vs against all truth write no more to vs hereafter but appoint vs the field and we will bring you the weapons Protesting that if after this declaration ye write into anie place or vse anie words against our honor that the shame of the delaie of the combat shall light on you seeing that the offering of combat is the end of all writing Made at our good towne and citie of Paris the eight and twentith daie of March. In the yere of our Lord one thousand fiue hundred twentie and eight before Easter Thus signed Francis After that Robertet had read this writing there in presence of the emperours ambassadors the king made further replie vnto the points conteined in the emperours answers to the defiance and withall to conclude told the said ambassador that his master the emperor had constreined him by such message line 10 as he had sent to him to make the answer in truth which he had made and further willed him to deliuer vnto the emperour the writing which he had signed with his hand and to saie to him that he tooke him for so honorable a prince that considering the matter wherewith he charged him and the answer that he made he would not faile but to answer him like a gentleman and not by writing like an aduocate For if he otherwise doo said the king I will answer his chancellor by an aduocate and a man of line 20 his estate and a more honest man than he Shortlie after the emperors ambassadors returned home into Spaine in safetie and well intreted And vpoÌ their returne the ambassadors of France were set
at libertie and deliuered beyond Fonterabie so came safelie home into France Then a French herald appointed to accompanie the ambassadour Grandeuill brought the writing of the combat vnto the emperor bicause Grandeuill refused to medle with it To the which the emperor fiue moneths after line 30 or thereabouts sent an answer by one of his heralds who being arriued at Paris meant vpon the sudden to present his letters vnto the French king But the king getting intelligence thereof the tenth of September sitting within his great hall of his palace at Paris aforesaid before the table of marble in a roiall seat addressed and set vp for him sixtéene steps in height appointed to giue audience to the said herald On his right hand sate in chaires the king of Nauarre line 40 the duke of Alanson and Berrie the earle of Foix and Arminacke And on the same side sate also vpon a bench the duke of Uandosme a peere of France lieutenant generall and gouernor of Picardie don Hercules de Est eldest sonne to the duke of Ferrar duke of Chartres and Montarges who latelie before had maried the ladie Rener a daughter of France the duke of Albanie regent and gouernor of Scotland the duke of Longueuille great chamberleine of France And néere to them vpon line 50 another bench sate the presidents and councellors of the court of parlement and behind them manie gentlemen doctors and learned men On the left hand were set in chaires prepared for them the cardinall Saluarie the popes legat the cardinall of Burbon and duke of Laon a peere of France the cardinall of Sens chancellor of France the cardinall of Lorrain the archbishop of Narbon the ambassadors of the kings of England and Scotland of the segniorie of Uenice of Millan of the Cantons of the Suisses line 60 and of Florence On an other bench sate the bishop of Transiluania ambassador for the king of Hungarie the bishop and duke of Langres one of the peeres of France the bishop earle of Noion an other of the peeres of France th'archbishop of Lion primat of all France the archbishop of Burges primate of Aquitaine the archbishops of Aux and Rouen the bishops of Paris Meaux Lizeux Mascon Limoges Uabres Conserans and Terbe And behind them sate the masters of the requests and the councellors of the great councell On either side the kings seate stood the earle of Beaumont great master and marshall of France the lord de Brion admerall of France lieutenant generall and gouernor of Burgognie And behind the same seat were manie knights of the order that is to wit the earle of Lauall lieutenant generall and gouernor of Britaine the lord of Montmerancie the lord Daubignie capteine of an hundred lances and of the Scotish gard the earle of Brienne Lignie and Roussie the lord of Fleuranges marshall of France the lord of Ruffoie the lord of Genoilliac great esquier and master of the artillerie of France Lois monsieur de Elenes the lord of Humiers and the earle of Carpie Behind them was the earle of Estamps prouost of Paris and with him manie gentlemen of the kings chamber among the which was the earle of Tancaruill the lord of Guien the son of the earle of Rousâie the son of the lord of Fleuranges the lord de la Rochpot the lord Donartie great master of the waters and forrests the lord of Lude the lord of Ianlie the lord de Uillebon bailie of Rouen the baron of Chasteau Morant the lord de la Loue the vicount de la Motheaugroing and the lord of Uertes And besides these the masters and officers of the houshold gentlemen waiters with the more part of the two hundred gentlemen or pensioners as we terme them At the entrie into the said throne or tribunall seat were the capteins of the gards and the prouost of the houshold And before the king knéeled the vshers of the chamber vpon the one knée and at the foot of the step that went vp to the kings seate were the prouosts of the merchants and escheuins of the towne of Paris Beneath in the hall the gates whereof were still open there was an infinite number of people of all nations and in presence of them all the king made this declaration The cause wherefore I haue made this assemblie is for that the emperour elect hath sent to me an herald of armes who as I coniecture and as the same herald hath said and as his safe conduct importeth hath brought me letters patents and autentike concerning the suertie of the field for the combat that should be betwixt the said elected emperour and me And forasmuch as the said herald vnder colour to bring the suertie of the field may vse certeine fictions dissimulations or hypocrisies to shift off the matter whereas I desire expedition and to haue it dispatched out of hand so that by the same an end of the warres which haue so long continued may be had to the ease and comfort of all christendome to auoid the effusion of bloud and other mischéefes which come thereof I haue wished it knowne to all christendome to the end that euerie one may vnderstand the truth from whence procéedeth the mischéefe and the long continuance thereof I haue also caused this assemblie to be made to shew that I haue not without great cause enterprised such an act for the right is on my side and if I should otherwise haue doone mine honor had béene greatlie blemished A thing which my lords that are of my bloud and other my subiects would haue taken in euill part And knowing the cause of the combat and my right they will beare with it as good and loiall subiects ought to doo trusting by Gods helpe to procéed in such sort therein that it shall plainelie appéere if the right be on my side or not and how against truth I haue béene accused for a breaker of my faith which I would be loth to doo nor at anie time haue meant so to doo The kings my predecessors and ancestors whose pictures are ingrauen and set héere in order within this hall which in their daies haue successiuelie atchiued glorious acts and greatlie augmented the realme of France would thinke me vnworthie and not capable to be their successor if against mine honor I should suffer my selfe to be charged with such a noâe by the emperour and should not defend my person and honor in the manner and forme accustomed And herewith he declared the whole case as it stood First how being taken at Pauia by fortune of war he neuer gaue his faith to anie of his enimies consenting to be led into Spaine caused his owne gallies to be made readie to conueie him thither Where at his arriuall he was committed to ward within the castell of Madrill garded with a great number line 10 of harquebuziers others Which vncourteous dealing found in the emperor so much gréeued him that he fell sicke
the Blacke friers church where a masse of the Holie-ghost was solemnelie soong by the kings chappell and after the masse the king with all the lords of parlement and commons which were summoned to appeare at that daie came into the parlement chamber where the king sate in his throne or seat roiall and sir Thomas Moore his chancellor standing on the right hand of the king behind the barre made an eloquent oration In this oration he declared that like as a good shéepheard which not alonelie keepeth and attendeth well his shéepe but also foreseeth and prouideth for all things which either may be hurtfull or noisome to his flocke or maie preserue and defend the same against all perils that may chance to come so the king which was the shéepheard ruler and gouernour of his realme vigilantlie foreséeing things to come considered how diuers laws before this time were made now by long continuance of time and mutation of things verie insufficient and vnperfect and also by the fraile condition of man diuerse new enormities were sproong amongest the people for the which no law was yet made to reforme the same Which was the verie cause whie at that time the king had summoned his high court of parlement And hée resembled the king to a shéepheard or heardman for this cause for if a prince be compared to his riches he is but a rich man if a prince be compared to his honour he is but an honourable man but compare him to the multitude of his people and the number of his flocke then he is a ruler a gouernor of might puissance so that his people maketh him a prince as of the multitude of shéepe commeth the name of a shéepheard And as you sée that amongst a great sort of shepe some be rotten faultie which the good shéepheard sendeth from the good sheepe so the great wedder which is of late fallen as you all know so craftilie so scabbedlie yea and so vntrulie iugled with the king that all men must néedes ghesse and thinke that he thought in himselfe that he had no wit to perceiue his craftie dooing or else that he presumed that the king would not sée nor know his fraudulent iugling and attempts But he was deceiued for his graces sight was so quicke and penetrable that hée saw him yea and saw through him both within and without so that all things to him was open and according to his desert he hath had a gentle correction Which small punishment the king will not to be an example to other offendors but clearelie declareth that whosoeuer hereafter shall make like attempt or commit like offense shall not escape with like punishment And bicause you of the common house be a grosse multitude and can not speake all at one time therefore the kings pleasure is that you shall resort to the nether house there amongst your selues according to the old and ancient custome to choose an able person to be your common mouth and speaker and after your election so made to aduertise his grace thereof which will declare to you his pleasure what day he will haue him present in this place After this doone the commons resorted to the nether house and they chose for their speaker Thomas Audleie esquier and attourneie of the duchie of Lancaster and the same daie was the parlement adiorned to Westminster On the sixt daie of the same moneth the king came to the parlement chamber and all the lords in their robes And there the commons of the nether house presented their speaker which there made an eloquent oration which consisted in two points The first point was that he much praised the king for his line 10 equitie and iustice mixed with mercie and pitie so that none offense was forgotten and left vnpunished nor in the punishment the extremitie nor the rigor of the law cruellie extended which should be a cause to bridle all men from doing like offenses also a comfort to offendors to confesse their crime and offense and an occasion of amendment and reconciliation The second point was that he disabled himselfe both for lacke of wit learning and discretion to so high an office beseeching the king to cause line 20 his commons to resort eftsoones to their common house and there to choose an other speaker for that parlement To this the king by the mouth of the lord chancellor answered that where he disabled himselfe in wit and learning his owne ornate oration there made testified the contrarie And as touching his discretion and other qualities the king himselfe had well knowne him and his doings since he was in his seruice to be both wise and discreet and so for an able line 30 man he accepted him and for the speaker he him admitted When the commons were assembled in the nether house they began to commune of their griefes wherewith the spiritualtie had before time greeuouslie oppressed them both contrarie to the law of the realme and contrarie to all right and in speciallie they were sore mooued with six great causes line 1 The first for the excessiue fines which the ordinaries tooke for probats of testaments insomuch that sir Henrie Guilford knight of the garter and controllor line 40 of the kings house declared in the open parlement on his fidelitie that he and others being executors to sir William Compton knight paied for the probat of his will to the cardinall and the archbishop of Canturburie a thousand markes sterling After this declaration were shewed so manie extortions doone by ordinaries for probats of willes that it were too much to rehearse The second was the great polling and extreame line 2 eraction which the spirituall men vsed in taking of line 50 corps presents or mortuaries For the children of the defunct should all die for hunger and go a begging rather than they would of charitie giue to them the séelie cow which the dead man owght if he had but onelie one such was the charitie then line 3 The third cause was that priests being surueiors stewards and officers to bishops abbats and other spirituall heads had and occupied farmes granges and grasing in euerie countrie so that the poore husbandmen could haue nothing but of them and line 60 yet for that they should paie déerlie line 4 The fourth cause was that abbats priors and spirituall men kept tan-houses and bought and sold wooll cloth and all maner of merchandize as other temporall merchants did line 5 The fift cause was bicause that spirituall persons promoted to great benefices and hauing their liuings of their flocke were lieng in the court in lords houses and tooke all of the parishioners and nothing spent on them at all so that for lacke of residence both the poore of the parish lacked refreshing and vniuersallie all the parishioners lacked preaching and true instruction of Gods word to the great perill of their soules The sixt cause was to sée one priest little learned line
Calis not onlie for them but also for manie line 30 other so that there were aboue eight thousand persons lodged within the towne in that season The French king comming thither on the fridaie tarried there till tuesdaie the thirtith of October and then departed the king of England accompanieng him out of the towne till he came to enter into the French ground and there either tooke leaue of other with right princelie countenance louing behauiour and so hartie words that all men reioised that saw them line 40 Whilest the two kings laie in Calis the lord Annas de Montmorancie earle of Beaumont great master of the French kings house Philip de Chabot erle of Newblanke great admerall of France were admitted into the order of the garter the king calling a chapiter for that purpose of the knights of that order at the which the French king was present and ware a blew mantell because he was one of the same order Whilest the king was in the French kings dominion he had the vpper hand and likewise line 50 had the French king in his dominion And as the French king paid all the Englishmens charges at Bullongne so did the king of England at Calis There rose about the same season such sore weather storms and rigorous winds continuing for the more part at north and northwest that the king staied at Calis for a conuenient wind till tuesdaie the thirtéenth of Nouember at midnight and then taking his ship landed at Douer the next daie about fiue of the clocke in the morning And herewith vpon his line 60 returne he married priuilie the ladie Anne Bullongne the same daie being the fourteenth daie of Nouember and the feast daie of saint Erkenwald which marriage was kept so secret that verie few knew it till Easter next insuing when it was perceiued that she was with child When the king should passe ouer the sea he considered that the Scots would happilie attempt somewhat to the preiudice of his subiects in his absence which sticked not he being within the realme to rob both by sea and land Wherefore to resist their malice he appointed sir Arthur Darcie with thrée hundred men to go vnto Berwike to defend the borders from inuasions of the Scots who shortlie after by the middle marches entred the realme and came to a place called Fowberie and stering certeine villages in their waie returned The erle of Angus as then was at Berwike as a banished man and the said sir Arthur determined to reuenge this displeasure and therevpon with foure hundred men made a rode into Scotland and set a village on fire Then immediatlie assembled togither eight hundred Scots and began to approch néere to the English men who perceiuing them caused their trumpet to blow the retreit and the erle and twentie with him shewed himselfe on an hill euen in the face of the Scots and the trumpet blew at their backs so that the Scots thought that there had beene two companies which caused the Scots to flie and the Englishmen followed and slew a great number of them and tooke manie of them prisoners After Christmasse sir Thomas Audleie lord kéeper of the great seale was made high chancellor of England And when the parlement began year 1533 because the office of the speaker was void Humfreie Wingfield of Greis inne was chosen speaker In this parlement was an act made that no person should appeale for anie cause out of this realme to the court of Rome but from the commissarie to the bishop and from the bishop to the archbishop and from the archbishop to the king and all causes of the king to be tried in the vpper house of the conuocation It was also enacted the same time that quéene Katharine should no more be called queene but princesse Dowager as the widow of prince Arthur ¶ In the season of the last summer died William Warham archbishop of Canturburie and then was named to that sea Thomas Cranmer the kings chapleine a man of good learning and of a vertuous life which latelie before had béene ambassador from the king to the pope After that the king perceiued his new wife to be with child he caused all officers necessarie to be appointed to hir and so on Easter euen she went to hir closet openlie as quéene and then the king appointed the daie of hir coronation to be kept on Whitsundaie next following and writings were sent to all shiriffs to certifie the names of men of fortie pounds to receiue the order of knighthood or else to make fine The assesment of the fine was appointed to Thomas Cromwell maister of the kings iewell house councellor to the king a man newlie receiued into high fauour He so vsed the matter that a great summe of monie was raised to the kings vse by those fines The matter of the quéenes appeale wherevnto she still sticked and by no means could be remooued from it was communed of both in the parlement house and also in the conuocation house where it was so handled that manie were of opinion that not onelie hir appeale but also all other appeales made to Rome were void and of none effect for that in ancient councels it had béene determined that a cause rising in one prouince should be determined in the same This matter was opened with all the circumstances to the ladie Katharine Dowager for so was she then called the which persisted still in hir former opinion and would reuoke by no meanes hir appeale to the court of Rome Wherevpon the archbishop of Canturburie accompanied with the bishops of London Winchester Bath Lincolne and diuers other learned men in great number rode to Dunstable which is six miles from Ampthill where the princesse Dowager laie and there by one doctor Lée she was cited to appeare before the said archbishop in cause of matrimonie in the said towne of Dunstable and at the daie of appearance she appeared not but made default and so she was called peremptorie euerie daie fiftéene daies togither and at the last for lacke of appearance by the assent of all the learned men there present she was diuorsed from the king and the mariage declared to be void and of none effect Of this diuorse and of the kings mariage with the ladie Anne Bullongne men spake diuerselie some said the king had doone wiselie and so as became him to doo in discharge of his conscience Other otherwise iudged and spake their fansies as they thought good but when euerie man had talked line 10 inough then were they quiet and all rested in good peace In Maie pope Clement sent an orator to the king requiring him to appeare personallie at the generall councell which he had appointed to be kept the yeére following But when his commission was shewed at the earnest request of the king there was neither place nor time specified for the keeping of that councell and so with an vncerteine answer to
forgiue me O three persons and one God forgiue me And now I praie you that be here to beare me record I die in the catholike faith not doubting in anie article of my faith no nor doubting in anie sacrament of the church Manie haue slandered me and reported that I haue beene a bearer of such as haue mainteined euill opinions which is vntrue but I confesse that like as God by his holie spirit dooth instruct vs in the truth so the diuell is readie to seduce vs and I haue beene seduced but beare me witnesse that I die in the catholike faith of the holie church and I hartilie desire you to praie for the kings grace that he may long liue with you in health and prosperitie after him that his sonne prince Edward that goodlie impe may long reigne ouer you And once againe I desire you to praie for me that so long as life remaineth in this flesh I wauer nothing in my faith Then made he his praier which was long but not so long as godlie and learned and after committed his soule to the hands of God and so patientlie suffered the stroke of the ax by a ragged and butcherlie miser which ill fauouredlie performed the office This man being borne in Putneie a village in Surreie by the Thames side foure miles distant from London was sonne to a Smith after whose deceasse his mother was married to a Shereman But notwithstanding the basenesse of his birth and lacke of maintenance was at the beginning as it happeneth to manie others a great let and hinderance for vertue to shew hir selfe yet through a singular excellencie of wit ioined with an industrious diligence of mind and helpe of knowledge gathered by painefull trauell and marking the courses of states and gouernements as well of his natiue countrie at home as in forren parties abrode he grew to such a sufficient ripenesse of vnderstanding and skill in ordering of weightie affaires that he line 10 was thought apt and fit for anie roome or office wherto he should be admitted Which being perceiued of cardinall Wolseie then archbishop of Yorke he tooke him into his seruice and making him his solicitor imploied him about businesse oftentimes of most importance wherein he acquited himselfe with such dexteritie as answered alwaies the credit committed to him After the cardinals fall he was aduanced to the kings seruice behauing himselfe so aduisedlie in matters line 20 which he tooke in hand that within a small time he rose to high authoritie and was admitted to be of the priuie councell bearing most rule of all other vnder the king as partlie ye haue heard so that by him it well appeared that the excellencie of heroicall vertues which aduance men to fame and honor resteth not onelie in birth and bloud as a priuilege appropriate and alonelie annexed vnto noble houses but remaineth at the disposition of almightie God the giuer disposer of all gifts who raiseth the poore manie line 30 times from the basest degrée and setteth him vp with princes according to the saieng of Ecclesiastes Qui iacuit tetro quandóque in carcere vinctus Parta suis meritis regia sceptra tulit Neuerthelesse concerning the lord Cromwell earle of Essex if we shall consider his comming vp to such high degree of honor as he atteined vnto we maie doubt whether there be cause more to maruell at his good fortune or at his woorthie and industrious demeanor But sith in the booke of Acts and Monuments line 40 ye maie find a sufficient discourse hereof we néed not to spend more time about it saue onelie as master Fox hath trulie noted such was his actiuitie and forward ripenesse of nature so readie and pregnant of wit so discreet and well aduised in iudgement so eloquent of toong so faithfull and diligent in seruice of such an incomparable memorie so bold of stomach and hardie and could doo so well with his pen that being conuersant in the sight of men he could not long continue vnespied nor yet vnprouided line 50 of fauor and helpe of friends to set him forward in place and office Thankefull he was and liberall not forgetting benefits receiued as by his great courtesie shewed to Friscobald the Italian it well appeared a fauourer of the poore in their sutes and readie to reléeue them that were in danger to be oppressed by their mightie aduersaries a fauorer of the gospell and an enimie to the pride of prelates verie stout and not able well to put vp iniuries which wan him shrewd enimies line 60 that ceassed not as was thought to séeke his âuerthrow till at length they had brought to passe that they wished Carefull he was for his seruants and readie to doo them good so that fearing the thing which came to passe he prouided well for the more part of them notwithstanding his fall And thus much for the lord Cromwell The morrow after Midsummer daie the king caused the queene to remooue to Richmont supposing it to be more for hir health and more for hir pleasure The sixt of Iulie certeine lords came downe into the nether house expresselie declared causes for the which the kings marriage was not to be taken lawfull in conclusion the matter was by the connocation cléerelie determined that the king might lawfullie marrie where he would and so might she And thus were they cléerelie diuorsed and by the parlement it was enacted that she should be taken no more for queene but called the ladie Anne of Cleue In this yeare the lord Leonard Greie brother vnto Thomas marquesse Dorset being the kings lieutenant in Ireland was reuoked home and vpon his comming to London was sent to the Tower In Iulie the prince of Salerne and the lord Lois Dauola came into England to sée the king after they were departed don Frederike marquesse of Padula brother to the duke of Ferrara the prince of Macedonie the marquesse of Terra Noua monsieur de Flagie with other came from the emperors court into England to sée the king the which on Marie Magdalens daie came to the court at Westminster and after they had béene highlie feasted and noblie interteined they were richlie rewarded as the other and so departed The eight and twentith of Iulie as you haue heard before the lord Cromwell was beheaded and likewisewith him the lord Hungerford of Heitesburie who at the houre of his death séemed vnquiet as manie iudged him rather in a frensie than otherwise he suffered for buggerie The thirteenth of Iulie were drawne on hurdels from the Tower to Smithfield Robert Barns doctor of diuinitie Thomas Garard and William Ierom bachellors in diuinitie Ierom was vicar of Stepnie and Garard was person of Honie âane also Powell Fetherston and Abell priests The first thrée were drawne to a stake there before set vp and then burned The other three were drawne to the gallowes and hanged beheaded and quartered The
same to the vttermost vntill that the king being aduertised thereof did send the lord Edward Courtneie earle of Deuon and the lord William his sonne with sundrie others well appointed who came and rescued the citie but in certeine conflicts the said earle and others were hurt notwithstanding the enimie had the repulse and was driuen to raise his campe and to depart Finallie last of all it was besieged in the third line 12 yeare of king Edward the sixt 1549 by the commons of Deuon and Cornewall the historie whereof for so much as hitherto it hath not béene fullie and at large set forth by anie man wherat I Iohn Hooker the writer herof was present and Testis oculatus of things then doone I will somewhat at large discourse set downe the whole course maner of the same It is apparant and most certeine that this rebellion first was raised at a place in Deuon named Sampford Courtneie which lieth westwards from the citie about sixtéene miles vpon mondaie in the Whitsunwéeke being the tenth daie of Iune 1549. The cause thereof as by the sequele it did appeare was onelie concerning religion which then by act of parlement was reformed and to be put in execution on Whitsundaie the ninth of Iune The which daie being now come and the statute made for the same to be put in execution throughout the whole realme it was accordinglie with all obedience receiued in euerie place and the common people well inough contented therewith euerie where sauing in this west countrie and especiallie at the said Sampford Courtneie For albeit at the daie appointed by statute they had heard and were present at the diuine seruice said and had according to the new reformed order and could not in anie respect find fault or iustlie reprehend the same yet as old bottels which would not receiue new wine would rather wallow in the old dreggs and puddels of old superstition than to be fed and refreshed with the wholesome and heauenlie manna Wherefore they confederated themselues vtterlie to renounce reiect and cast off the same not onelie to the great offense of God whome they ought in all truth and veritie to reuerence and honor and to the great displeasure of the king whome in all dutifulnesse they ought to haue obeied but also to the raising of open rebellion the cause of the spoile of the whole countrie and the vndooing of themselues their wiues and children as in sequele and in the end it fell out and came to passe And here dooth appeare what great detriments doo come and insue to the church of God and what great trouble to the publike and commonweale when as learned preachers doo want to teach and instruct the peoople and well persuaded magistrats to gouerne the common state For these people lacking the one not stored with the other were left to themselues and to their owne dispositions and thereby partlie of ignorance but more of a froward and a rebellious disposition they doo now vtterlie condemne to accept and doo openlie resist to receiue the reformed religion now put and to be put in vre and execution For vpon the said mondaie the priest being line 10 come to the parish church of Sampford preparing himselfe to saie the seruice according to the booke reformed order set foorth as he had doone the daie before some of the parishioners namelie one William Underhill a tailor and one Segar a laborer and others who had consulted and determined before of the matter went to the priest and demanded what he ment to doo and what seruice he would saie Who answered that according to the lawes set forth line 20 he would saie the same seruice as he had doone the daie before Then they said that he should not so doo saieng further that they would kéepe the old and ancient religion as their forefathers before them had doone and as king Henrie the eight by his last will and testament had taken order that no alteration of religion should be made vntill king Edward his sonne were come vnto his full age And therefore for somuch as he was now but a child and could doo nothing they also would not haue anie change line 30 In the end all the parishioners ioining and taking parts togither were all of the same mind willing and charging the priest that he should vse and saie the like seruice as in times past he was woont to doo who in the end whether it were with his will or against his will he relied to their minds and yéelded to their wills and forthwith rauisheth himselfe in his old popish attire and saith masse and all such seruices as in times past accustomed These newes as a cloud caried with a violent wind and line 40 as a thunder clap sounding at one instant through the whole countrie are caried and noised euen in a moment through out the whole countrie and the common people so well allowed and liked thereof that they clapped their hands for ioie and agréed in one mind to haue the same in euerie of their seuerall parishes The iustices of peace dwelling not far from Sampford being aduertised how disorderlie contrarie to the lawes things had béene doone in the line 50 church of Sampford and how that the common people were clustered and assembled togither to continue and to mainteine their lewd disordered behauiour such of them namelie sir Hugh Pollard knight Anthonie Haruie Alexander Wood and Marke Slader esquiers came met at Sampford minding to haue had conference with the chiefe plaiers in this enterlude aswell for the redresse of the disorder alreadie committed as also to persuade line 60 and pacifie the rest of the people But they partlie vnderstanding before hand of the iustices comming were so addicted and wholie bent to their follies that they fullie resolued themselues wilfullie to mainteine what naughtilie they had begun And therfore when the iustices were come to the place and requested to talke with them they refused it vnlesse the said gentlemen would leaue all their men behind and go with them into a certeine seuerall close not far off and so they would be contented to conferre with them The gentlemen albeit they and their men were the greater number and sufficient to haue repressed the small companie of the commoners then there assembled yet whether it were because they thought in such a case to vse all the best quietest waie for the pacifieng of them or whether some of them being like affected as they were did not like the alteration as it was greatlie suspected they yéelded and according to the motion made they left their men in the towne went into the foresaid close there hauing had conference a pretie while togither did in the end depart without anie thing doone at all Whereof as there appéered some weakenesse in the said iustices which were so white liuered as they would not or
at our manor of Keningall the ninth of Iulie 1553. To this letter of the ladie Marie the lords of the councell answered againe line 40 as followeth MAdam we haue receiued your letters the ninth of this instant declaring your supposed title which you iudge your selfe to haue to the imperiall crowne of this realme and all the dominions thereto belonging For answer wherof this is to aduertise you that forsomuch as our souereigne ladie quéene Iane is after the death of our souereigne lord Edward the sixt a prince of most noble memorie inuested and possessed line 50 with the iust and right title of the imperiall crowne of this realme not onelie by good order of old ancient good lawes of this realme but also by our late souereigne lords letters patents signed with his owne hand and sealed with the great seale of England in presence of the most part of the nobles councellors iudges with diuers other graue and sage personages assenting and subscribing to the same we must therefore as of most bound dutie and allegiance line 60 assent vnto hir said grace and to none other except we should which faithfull subiects cannot fall into gréeuous and vnspeakeable enormities Wherefore we can no lesse doo but for the quiet both of the realme and you also to aduertise you that forsomuch as the diuorse made betwéene the king of famous memorie king Henrie the eight and the ladie Katharine your mother was necessarie to be had both by the euerlasting lawes of God and also by the ecclesiasticall lawes and by the most part of the noble and learned vniuersities of christendome and confirmed also by the sundrie acts of parlements remaining yet in their force and thereby you iustlie made illegitimate and vnheritable to the crowne imperiall of this realme and the rules dominions and possessions of the same you will vpon iust consideration hereof and of diuers other causes lawfull to be alledged for the same and for the iust inheritance of the right line and godlie orders taken by the late king Edward the sixt and greatest personages aforesaid surcease by anie pretense to vex and molest anie of our souereigne ladie quéene Iane hir subiects from the true faith and allegiance due vnto hir grace assuring you that if you will for respect shew your selfe quiet and obedient as you ought you shall find vs all and seuerall readie to doo you aââe seruice that we with dutie may and to be glad of your quietnesse to preserue the common state of this realme wherein you may be otherwise gréeuous vnto vs to your selfe and to them And thus we bid you most hartilie well to fare From the tower of London this ninth of Iulie Your ladiships freends shewing your selfe an obedient subiect Thomas Canturburie the marquesse of Winchester Iohn Bedford William Northampton Thomas Elie chancellor Iohn Northumberland Henrie Suffolke Henrie Arundell Francis Shrewesburie William Penbroke Cobham R. Rich Huntington Darcie Cheineie R. Cotton Iohn Gates William Peter William Cecill Iohn Chéeke Iohn Mason Edward North Robert Bowes All these aforesaid except onelie the duke of Northumberland and sir Iohn Gates were either by speciall fauour or speciall or generall pardon discharged for this offense against hir committed after hir comming to be quéene But now vpon the receit of this answer vnderstanding by hir fréends that she could not lie in suertie at Keningall being a place open easie to be approched she remooued from thence vnto hir castell of Fremingham standing in a wood countrie not so easie to be inuaded by hir enimies So soone as the councell heard of hir sudden departure and considering that all came not to passe as they supposed they caused spéedilie a power of men to be gathered togither And first they agréed that the duke of Suffolke father to the new made quéene should haue the conduct and leading of the armie ¶ But afterward it was deuised and decréed vpon further considerations and by the speciall means of the ladie Iane his daughter who taking the matter heauilie with wéeping teares made request to the whole councell that hir father might tarrie at home in hir companie Wherevpon the councell persuaded with the duke of Northumberland to take that voiage vpon him saieng that no man was so fit therefore bicause that he had atchiued the victorie in Norffolke once alreadie and was therefore so feared that none durst once lift vp their weapon against him besides that he was the best man of warre in the realme as well for the ordering of his campes and souldiers both in battell and in their tents as also by experience knowledge and wisdome he could both animate his armie with wittie persuasions and also pacifie and allaie his enimies pride with his stout courage or else to dissuade them if néed were from their enterprise Finallie said they this is the short and the long the quéene will in no wise grant that hir father shall take it vpon him wherefore quoth they we thinke it good if it may please your grace it lieth in you to remedie the matter With these the like persuasions the duke was allured to put himselfe desperatlie vpon hazzard Non morte horrenda non vllis territus armis Insomuch that he reioined vpon their talke and said Well then sith yee thinke it good I and mine will go not doubting of your fidelitie to the queenes maiestie which now I leaue in your custodie So that night he sent for both lords knights and other that should go with him and caused all things to be prepared accordinglie Then went the councell in to the ladie Iane and told hir of their conclusion who humblie thanked the duke for reseruing hir father at home and beséeched him to vse his diligence whereto he answered that he would doo what in him laie The morrow following great preparation was made the duke earlie in the morning called for his line 10 owne harnesse and saw it made readie at Durham place where he appointed all his retinue to méet The same daie carts were laden with munition and artillerie and field péeces were set forward The same forenoone the duke mooued eftsoones the councell to send their powers after him as it was before determined the same to méet with him at Newmarket and they promised they would He said further to some of them My lords I and these other noble personages with the whole armie that line 20 now go foorth as well for the behalfe of you yours as for the establishing of the quéenes highnesse shall not onelie aduenture our bodies and liues amongst the bloudie strokes and cruell assaults of our aduersaries in the open fields but also we doo leaue the conseruation of our selues children and families at home here with you as altogither committed to your truth and fidelities whome if we thought ye would through malice conspiracie or dissention leane vs your fréends in the briers and betraie vs line 30 we could
abroad but euerie man departed And shortlie after the duke was arrested in the kings line 50 college by one maister Sleg sargeant at arms At the last letters were brought from the councell at London that all men should go each his waie Wherevpon the duke said to them that kept him Ye doo me wrong to withdraw my libertie sée you not the councels letters without exception that all men should go whither they would At which words they that kept him and the other noblemen set them at libertie and so continued they for that night insomuch that the earle of Warwike was readie in line 60 the morning to haue rode awaie But then came the erle of Arundell from the quéene to the duke into his chamber who went out to méet him Now as soone as he saw the earle of Arundell he fell on his knees and desired him to be good to him for the loue of God Consider saith he I haue doone nothing but by the consents of you and all the whole councell My lord quoth the earle of Arundell I am sent hither by the quéens maiestie and in hir name I doo arrest you And Iobeie it my lord quoth he I beséech you my lord of Arundell quoth the duke vse mercie towards me knowing the case as it is My lord quoth the earle ye should haue sought for mercie sooner I must doo according to commandement herwith he committed the charge of him and the others to the gard and gentlemen that stood by The lord marques after this went to quéene Marie On the fiue twentith daie of the said moneth the duke of Northumberland with Francis earle of Huntington Iohn earle of Warwike son and heire to the said duke and two other of his yoonger sons the lord Ambrose and the lord Henrie Dudleie sir Andrew Dudleie Sir Iohn Gates capteine of the gard to king Edward the sixt sir Henrie Gates brethren sir Thomas Palmer knights and doctor Sands were brought to the tower by the earle of Arundell But as they entered within the tower gate the earle of Arundell discharged the lord Hastings taking him out of the tower with him On the six twentith of Iulie the lord marques of Northampton the bishop of London the lord Robert Dudleie and sir Robert Corbet were brought from the quéenes campe vnto the tower The eight and twentith of Iulie the duke of Suffolke was committed to the tower but the one and twentith of the same moneth he was set at libertie by the diligent sute of the ladie Francis grace his wife After that quéene Marie was thus with full consent of the nobles and commons of the realme proclamed quéene she being then in Northfolke at hir castell of Framingham repaired with all speed to the citie of London and the third daie of the said moneth of August she came to the said citie and so to the tower where the ladie Iane of Suffolke late afore proclamed quéene with hir husband the lord Gilford a little before hir comming were committed to ward there remained almost after fiue moneths And by the waie as the quéene thus passed she was ioifullie saluted of all the people without anie misliking sauing that it was much feared of manie that she would alter the religion set foorth by king Edward hir brother whereof then were giuen iust occasions because notwithstanding diuerse lawes made to the contrarie she had dailie masse and Latine seruice said before hir in the tower Yea it was doubted in like sort that she would both adnull and innouat certeine lawes and decrées established by the yoong prince hir predecessor which she did in deed as one hath left testified in a memoriall of hir succession but little vnto hir commendation saieng At Maria Eduardi regni succedit habenis Confirmans iterùm regno papalia iura Concilióque nouas leges sancire vocato Molitur latas à fratre perosa priores At hir entrie into the tower there were presented to hir certeine prisoners namelie Thomas duke of Norffolke who in the last yeare of king Henrie the eight as you haue heard was supposed to be attainted of treason but in the parlement of this first yeare of quéene Marie the said supposed attaindour was by the authoritie and act of parlement for good and apparant causes alleged in the said act declared to be vtterlie frustrat and void Also Edward Courtneie son and heire to Henrie marques of Excester coosine germane to king Henrie the eight and Cutbert Tunstall bishop of Durham with other persons of great calling but speciallie Stephan Gardiner bishop of Winchester whom she not onlie released out of imprisonment but also immediatlie line 10 aduanced and preferred to be lord chancellor of England restoring him also to his former estate and bishoprike and remoued from the same one doctor Poinet who a little before was placed therein by the gift of king Edward the sixt And touching Edward Courtneie she not onelie aduanced him to the earldome of Deuonshire but also to so much of his fathers possessions as there remained in hir hands whereby it was then thought of manie that she bare affection to him by the waie line 20 of marriage but it came not so to passe for what cause I am not able to giue anie reason but surelie the subiects of England were most desirous thereof Upon the receiuing of this new queene all the bishops which had béene depriued in the time of king Edward the sixt hir brother for the cause of religion were now againe restored to their bishopriks and such other as were placed in king Edward his time remoued from their sées and others of contrarie religion placed Amongest whom Edmund line 30 Bonner doctor of the lawes late afore depriued from the sée of London and committed prisoner to the Marshalsea by order of king Edwards councell was with all fauour restored to his libertie and bishoprike Maister Nicholas Ridleie doctor in diuinitie late before aduanced to the same sée by the said king was hastilie displaced and committed prisoner to the tower of London The cause why such extremitie was vsed towards the said bishop Ridleie more than to the rest was for that in the time of ladie line 40 Iane he preached a sermon at Pauls crosse by the commandement of king Edwards councell wherein he dissuaded the people for sundrie causes from receiuing the ladie Marie as queene ¶ On the ninth of August in the afternoone the queene held an obsequie in the tower for king Edward the dirge being soong in Latine and on the morrow a masse of Requiem whereat the quéene with hir ladies offered The same daie the corps of king Edward was buried at Westminster the lord treasuror the earle of line 50 Penbroke and the earle of Shrewesburie being chéefe mourners with diuerse other noble men and others Doctor Daie bishop of Chichester preached at the said buriall and all the seruice with a communion was
fact they had doone therein Not long after this a merrie fellow came into Paules and spied the rood with Marie and Iohn new set vp wherto among a great sort of people he made low curtsie said Sir your maistership is welcome to towne I had thought to haue talked further with your maistership but that ye be héere clothed in the quéenes colours I hope ye be but a summers bird for that ye be dressed in white gréene c. The prince thus being in the church of Paules after doctor Harpesfield had finished his oration in Latine set forward through Fléetstreet so came to White hall where he with the quéene remained foure daies after and from thence remooued vnto Richmond After this all the lords had leaue to depart into their countries with strict commandement to bring all their harnesse and artillerie into the tower of London with all spéed Now remained there no English lord at the court but the bishop of Winchester From Richmond they remooued to Hampton court where the hall doore within the court was continuallie shut so that no man might enter vnlesse his errand were first knowne which séemed strange to Englishmen that had not béene vsed thereto The seuentéenth daie of September was a proclamation in London that all vagabonds and maisterlesse men as well strangers as Englishmen should depart the citie within fiue daies and strictlie charging all inholders vittelers tauerners and ale house kéepers with all other that sold vittels that they after the said fiue daies should not sell anie meat drinke or anie kind of vittels or reléefe to anie seruingman whatsoeuer vnlesse he brought a testimoniall from his maister to declare whose seruant he was were in continuall houshold with his said maister vpon paine to runne in danger of the law if they offend herein In September the duke of Norffolke departed this life at Fremingham castell in Norffolke and there was honorablie buried among his ancestors ¶ The 26 of October a Spaniard was hangd at Charingcrosse for killing an Englishman there was offered for his life by other strangers 500 crownes but all that would not staie iustice On fridaie the same 26 of October those honest men that had béene of Throckmortons quest being in number eight for the other foure were deliuered out of prison for that they submitted themselues and said they had offended like weakelings not considering truth to be truth but of force for feare said so these eight men I saie whereof maister Emanuell Lucar and maister Whetston were chéefe were called before the councell in the Starrechamber where they affirmed that they had doone all things in that matter according to their knowledge and with good consciences euen as they should answer before GOD at the daie of iudgement Where maister Lucar said openlie before all the lords that they had doone in the matter like honest men and true and faithfull subiects and therefore they humblie be sought my lord chancellor and the other lords to be meanes to the king and quéenes maiesties that they might be discharged and set at libertie and said that they were all contented to submit themselues to their maiesties sauing and reseruing their truth consciences and honesties The lords taking their words in maruellous euill part iudged them worthie to paie excessiue fines Some said they were worthie to paie 1000 pounds a péece Other said that Lucar and Whetston were worthie to paie a thousand marks a péece and the rest fiue hundred pounds a peece In conclusion sentence was giuen by the lord chancellor that they should paie a thousand marks a peece he that paid least and that they should go to prison againe and there remain till further order were taken for their punishment The thirtith of October being tuesdaie the lord Iohn Greie was deliuered out of the tower and set at libertie Upon saturdaie the tenth of Nouember the shiriffes of London had commandement to take an inuentarie of each one of their goods which were of maister Throckmortons quest to seale vp their doores which was doone the same daie Maister Whetston and maister Lucar and maister Kightlie were adiudged to paie two thousand pounds a péece and the rest a thousand marks a péece to be paid within one fortnight after From this paiment were exempted those foure which confessed a fault therevpon had submitted themselues whose names are these maister Loe maister Pointer maister Beswicke and maister Cater The 12 of Nouember being mondaie the parlement began line 10 at Westminster to the beginning whereof both the king and quéene rode in their parlement robes hauing two swords borne before them The earle of Penbroke bare his sword and the earle of Westmerland bare the quéenes They had two caps of maintenance likewise borne before them whereof the earle of Arundell bare the one and the earle of Shrewesburie the other During this parlement cardinall Poole landed at Douer vpon wednesdaie being the 21 of Nouember who being receiued with line 20 much honor in all other countries through which hee had passed was receiued here at the first with no great shew for the causes aboue mentioned The same daie on the which he arriued an act passed in the parlement house for his restitution in bloud vtterlie repealing as false and most slanderous that act made against him in K. Henrie the eights time And on the next daie being thursdaie and the 22 of Nouember the king and queene both came to the parlement house to giue their roiall assent and to establish line 30 this act against his comming On saturdaie the foure and twentith of Nouember he came to the court and after went to Lambeth where his lodging was prepared On wednesdaie following in the after noone he came into the parlement house being at that present kept in the great chamber of the court of the White hall for that the quéene by reason of sicknesse was not able to go abrode where the king and quéene sitting vnder the cloth of estate and the cardinall sitting line 40 on the right hand with all the other estates of the realme being present and the knights and burgesses of the common house being also called thither the bishop of Winchester being lord chancellor spake in this maner My lords of the vpper house and you my maisters of the nether house here is present the right reuerend father in God my lord cardinall Poole legat A Latere come from the apostolike sée of Rome as ambassador to the king and quéenes maiesties line 50 vpon one of the weightiest causes that euer happened in this realme and which apperteineth to the glorie of God and your vniuersall benefit the which ambassage their maiesties pleasure is to bee signified vnto you all by his owne mouth trusting that you will receiue and accept it in as beneuolent and thankefull wise as their highnesse haue doone and that you will giue attentiue and
appeare what an assured line 60 opinion was then conceiued in mens heads of quéene Marie to be conceiued and quicke with child In somuch that at the same time and in the same parlement there was eftsoones a bill exhibited and an act made vpon the same the words whereof for the more euidence I thought here to exemplificat The words of the act ALbeit we the lords spirituall temporall the commons in this present parlement assembled haue firme hope confidence in the goodnes of almightie God that like as he âath hitherto miraculouslie preserued the quéenes maiestie from manie great imminent perils and dangers euen so he will of his infinit goodnesse giue hir highnesse strength the rather by our continuall praiers to passe well the danger of deliuerance of child wherewith it hath pleased him to all our great comforts to blesse hir yet for so much as all things of this world be vncerteine and hauing before our eies the dolorous experience of this inconstant gouernment during the time of the reigne of the late king Edward the sixt doo plainlie sée the manifold inconueniences great dangers and perils that maie insue to this whole realme if foresight be not vsed to preuent all euill chances if they should happen For the eschewing hereof we the lords spirituall and temporall the commons in this present parlement assembled for and in consideration of a most speciall trust and confidence that we haue and repose in the kings maiestie for and concerning the politike gouernment order and administration of this realme in the time of the yoong yéeres of the issue or issues of hir maiesties bodie to be borne if it should please God to call the quéenes highnesse out of this present life during the tender yeares of such issue or issues which God forbid according to such order maner as hereafter in this present act his highnesse most gratious pleasure is should be declared and set foorth haue made our humble sute by the assent of the quéens highnesse that his maiestie would vouchsafe to accept take vpon him the rule order education gouernment of the said issue or issues to be borne as is aforesaid vpon which our sute being of his said maiestie most gratiouslie accepted it hath pleased his highnes not onlie to declare that like as for the most part his maiestie verely trusteth that almightie God who hath hitherto preserued the quéens maiestie to giue this realme so good an hope of certeine succession in the blood roiall of the same realm will assist hir highnes with his graces and benedictions to sée the fruit of hir bodie well brought forth liue and able to gouerne whereof neither all this realme ne all the world besides should or could receiue more comfort than his maiestie should would yet if such chance should happen his maiestie at our humble desires is pleased contented not onlie to accept take vpon him the cure and charge of the education rule order and gouernment of such issues as of this most happie mariage shall be borne betwéene the quéenes highnes and him but also during the time of such gouernment would by all waies meanes studie trauell and imploie himselfe to aduance the weale both publike priuat of this realme dominions thereto belonging according to the said trust in his maiestie reposed with no lesse good will affection than if his highnes had béene naturallie borne among vs. In consideration whereof be it enacted by the king the quéens most excellent maiesties by assent of the lords spirituall and temporall the commons in this present parlement assembled and by the authoritie of the same c as it is to be séene in the act more at large ratified and confirmed at the samâ parlement to the same intent and purpose Thus much out of the act and statute I thought to rehearse to the intent the reader maie vnderstand not so much how parlements maie sometimes be deceiued as by this child of quéene Marie may appéere as rather what cause we Englishmen haue to render most earnest thanks vnto almightie God who so mercifullie against the opinion expectation and working of our aduersaries hath helped and deliuered vs in this case which otherwise might haue opened such a window to the Spaniards to haue entred and replenished this land that peraduenture by this time Englishmen should haue inioied no great quiet in their owne countrie The Lord therefore make vs perpetuallie mindfull of his benefits Amen Thus we sée then how man dooth purpose but God disposeth as pleaseth him For all this great labor prouision and order taken in the parlement house for their yoong maister long looked for comming so surelie into the world in the end appéered neither yoong maister nor yoong maistresse that anie man yet to this daie can heare of Furthermore as the labor of the laie sort was herein deluded so no lesse ridiculous it was to behold what little effect the praiers of the popes churchmen had with almightie God line 10 who trauelled no lesse with their processions masses and collects for the happie deliuerance of this yoong maister to come as here followeth to be séene A praier made by doctor Weston deane of Westminster dailie to be said for the queenes deliuerance O Most righteous Lord God which for the offense of the first woman hast threatned vnto all women a common sharpe and ineuitable malediction and hast inioined them that they should conceiue in sinne and being conceiued should be subiect to manie and gréeuous torments and finallie be deliuered with the danger and ieopardie of their life we beséech thée for thine exceeding great goodnesse and botomlesse mercie to mitigate the strictnes of that law Asswage thine anger line 30 for a while and cherish in the bosome of thy fauor and mercie our most gratious quéene Marie being now at the point of hir deliuerance So helpe hir that without danger of hir life she maie ouercome the sorow and in due season bring foorth a child in bodie beautifull and comelie in mind noble and valiant So that afterward she forgetting the trouble maie with ioie laud and praise the bountifulnesse of thy mercie and togither with vs praise and blesse both thée and thy holie name world without end line 40 This O Lord we desire thee we beseech thee and most hartilie craue of thée Heare vs O Lord and grant vs our petition Let not the enimies of thy faith and of thy church saie Where is their God A solemne praier made for king Philip and queene Maries child that it maie be a male child welfauored and wittie c. O Most mightie Lord God which regardest the praier of the humble and despisest not their request bow downe from thine high habitation of the heauens the eies of thy mercie vnto vs wretched sinners bowing the knees of our harts and with manie and déepe sighs bewailing our sinnes and offenses humblie
cloths at the same but onelie their accustomable common apparell which then was commonlie greie coloured cloths This bishop was no lesse graue and wise than stout and of courage if occasion did so require And amongest other things this is reported of him that about the yeare of our Lord one thousand thrée hundred thirtie and one Simon Mepham then archbishop of Canturburie sent his mandatum to this bishop that he would visit his church diocesse vpon mondaie next after Ascension daie then following This bishop vpon what occasion it is not written did refuse this mandatum and appealed from the same aduertising the archbishop that he should not visit his church line 10 nor diocesse Notwithstanding the archbishop at the time appointed came to this citie and went to S. Peters church nothing thinking that anie durst to withstand him But the bishop knowing of his comming goeth to the church doore méeteth the archbishop and forbiddeth him to enter into his church but the archbishop pressing forward as with force to enter the bishop being then well garded denied and resisted him whervpon the archbishop departed and after at a prouinciall counsell holden at London the line 20 archbishop complained hereof but by meanes of the like discord betwéene him his suffragans he preuailed not In this bishops time one William of Excester a verie well learned man was a canon of this church and he ioining with Nicholas de Cesena Okeham Walsingham and others did openlie preach that Christ and his apostles were but poore men and had no temporall possessions neither was anie emperor or laie man subiect to the pope but onlie in matters of religion But when he heard that line 30 pope Iohn the thrée and twentith had excommunicated and would condemne them all for heretikes this William to saue his liuings secretlie shroonke awaie from his old companions and changed his copie and writeth certeine conclusions against them and his owne preachings Also in this bishops time about the yeare of our Lord one thousand thrée hundred and fortie one Iohn of Bampton so named bicause he was borne at Bampton in this diocesse and a moonke of the order of the Carmelites was a line 40 verie good scholar and first did openlie read Aristotle in the vniuersitie of Cambridge where he was a scholar and afterwards he studied diuinitie and was made doctor he wrote certeine bookes which are not extant This bishop after that he had occupied this church about two and fortie yeares he died vpon S. Swithins daie in the yeare of our Lord one thousand three hundred sixtie and nine and was buried in a chappell which he builded in the west wall of his line 50 owne church 30 Thomas Brentingham after the death of this Iohn Grandesson was at one instant chosen bishop of Excester and bishop of Hereford who refusing the one tooke the other and was consecrated bishop of Excester vpon the tenth daie of March in the yeare of our Lord one thousand thrée hundred and seauentie being the feast daie of Nereus and Achilles William of Worcester then archbishop of Canturburie This Thomas was a man verie well learned line 60 and experted both in ecclesiasticall matters and in politike gouernement and in both these respects greatlie reuerenced and estéemed and for that cause at the parlement holden at Westminster in the tenth yeare of the reigne of king Richard the second was chosen one of the twelue péeres of the realme vnder the king He was a benefactor to the Calenderhaie of the vicars chorall of his owne church and performed and supplied in buildings and otherwise what his predecessors had left vndoone And hauing beene bishop foure and twentie yeares he died the third of December in the yeare of our Lord 1394 and was buried in the north side of the bodie of his owne church 31 Edmund Stafford vpon the twentith daie of Iune in the yeare of our Lord one thousand thrée hundred ninetie and fiue was consecrated at Lambeth by William Courtnaie archbishop of Canturburie He was borne and descended of noble parentage being brother to Ralfe lord Stafford created earle of Stafford by king Edward the third he was both wise and learned and for his wisedome grew into great credit with the king and was both of his priuie councell as also lord chancellor of England At the parlement holden at Westminster the one and twentith yeare of the reigne of king Richard the second he being then speaker of the higher house made a verie learned and pithie oration to prooue the absolute authoritie of a king his theme was Rex vnus erit omnibus And hauing discoursed at large of the authoritie of a king he did conclude Quòd potestaâ regis esset sibi sola vnita annexa solida and whosoeuer did by anie meanes impeach the same Poena legis meritò esset plectendus And for the furtherance of good letters he did increase two fellowships in the college of Stapledons inne in Oxford reformed the statutes of the house and altered the name of it and called it Excester college After that he had continued bishop in much honor about thrée and twentie yeares he died the fourth of September being the seuenth yeare of king Henrie the fift and lieth buried in his owne church in a verie faire toome of alabaster 32 Iames Carie bishop of Chester then being at Florence when news was brought to pope Martin the fift of the said late bishop Staffords death was there made bishop of this church in the yeare of our Lord one thousand foure hundred and nineteene and also consecrated but long he inioied not his office for there he died and was buried 33 Edmund Lacie bishop of Hereford was translated from thense vnto this church in the feast of Easter and in the eight yeare of the reigne of king Henrie the fift in the yeare of our Lord God one thousand foure hundred and twentie He was a man verie deuout and religious but subiect to flatterers who carried him to their pleasure he was a liberall benefactor vnto the vicar of Calenderhaie Great contentions were betwéene him and the citie for liberties which by arbitrement were compounded He founded the chapter house in his owne church He was a professor of diuinitie and verie well learned For in the second yeare of his bishoprike being the ninth yeare of the kings reigne there was a parlement holden at Westminster in which great complaints were made against the loose and dissolute life of the religious men and especiallie the blacke moonks And this matter being brought to the conuocation house this bishop as chéefe proloquntor of that assemblie did make a verie learned and a pithie oration before the king then of purpose present and the whole cleargie much lamenting that the religious men were so far straied from the rules of their professions and the holinesse of their predecessors And when he had at large discoursed the same he deliuered vp certeine articles in
subiects of that citie did reioise at the apprehension of certeine diuelish and wicked minded subiects of ours that through the great and singular goodnesse of God haue beene detected to haue most wickedlie and vnnaturallie conspired not onelie the taking awaie of our owne life but also to haue stirred vp as much as in them laie a generall rebellion throughout our whole realme we could not but by our owne letters witnesse vnto you the great and singular contentment we receiued vpon the knowledge thereof assuring you that we did not so much reioise at the escape of the intended attempt against our owne person as to see the great ioie our most louing subiects tooke at the apprehension of the contriuers thereof which to make their loue more apparant they haue as we are to our great comfort informed omitted no outward shew that by anie externall act might witnesse to the world the inward loue and dutifull affection they beare towards vs. And as we haue as great cause with all thankfulnesse to acknowledge Gods great goodnesse toward vs through the infinit blessings he laieth vpon vs as manie as euer prince had yea rather as euer creature had yet doo we not for anie worldlie blessing receiued from his diuine maiestie so greatlie acknowledge the same as in that it hath pleased him to incline the hearts of our subiects euen from the first beginning of our reigne to carie as great loue toward vs as euer subiects carried toward prince which ought to moue vs as it dooth in verie déed to séeke with all care by all good means that apperteine to a christian prince the conseruation of so louing and dutifull affected subiects assuring you that we desire no longer to liue than while we maie in the whole course of our gouernment carie our selues in such sort as may not onelie nourish and continue their loue and good will toward vs but also increase the same We thinke méet that these our letters should be communicated in some generall assemblie to our most louing subiects the commoners of that citie Giuen vnder our signet at our castell of Windsor the eightéenth daie of August one thousand fiue hundred foure score and six in the eight and twentith yeere of our reigne But leauing this princelie president of thankefulnes to perpetuall record we will touch the next occurrence as course of time ministreth occasion About this time of the yéere returned into England sir Francis Drake knight a man of rare knowlege in nauigation and verie fortunat in the euent of his enterprises after manie feats of good seruice accomplished in forren countries as at Baion Hispaniola S. Dominico Carthagena c to the admiration of all people amongst whom he came and contrarie to the expectation of the Spaniards who vpon supposall of places impregnable grew so confident that they séemed lightlie to estéeme anie purposed force of the enimie and therefore doubted no kind of annoiance Howbeit they were as safe as he that hangeth by the leaues of a trée in the end of autumne when as the leaues begin to fall For they were so terrified at the sight of sacke and spoile as also doubting a totall wast by fire and swoord that they were glad to yeeld to composition And heere because mention is made of Hispaniola note ye that it is supposed that Salomon king of Ierusalem had his great riches of gold from hense and that his ships sailed to Ophir the old name as some affirme of Hispaniola by the gulfe of Persia called Sinus Persicus As for Sancto Dominico it is the cheefe citie in Hispaniola reported in historie as touching the building that there is no citie in Spaine Tanto line 10 pro tantâ no not Barsalona that is to be preferred before it generallie For the houses are for the most part of stone as are they of Barsalona or of so strong and well wâought earth that it maketh a singular and strong binding But leauing description of places it shall not be amisse hauing now touched though not with conuenient dignitie the last voiage of this singular gentleman to annex in this place a memoriall of a former voiage by him attempted namelie on the thirtéenth line 20 daie of December in the yere of Christ one thousand fiue hundred seuentie seuen at what time accompanied with fiue tall ships well manned appointed he sailed into the wost Indies by the same aduenture most luckilie accomplished eternised his name At what time the king of Moluccaes admiring his order astonied at the hearing of the peales of English ordinance roring like thunder which he there at his arriuall valiantlie liberallie discharged receiued him right honorablie causing foure galliasses line 30 to conduct and bring his ship into the surest harborough and him selfe with his companie to his presence In this voiage he discouered a countrie erst vnknowne which he named Noua Albion where by his courteous dealing he so allured and woone the hearts of the inhabitants that twise they crowned him king Beyond the large countrie of Chilie where it hath beene heeretofore thought that nothing had beene but continent and firme land he found sundrie Ilands the furthest wherof lieng most south line 40 he called by hir maiesties name Elisabetha Now after manie a singular note of his incomparable valorousnesse exhibited in places where he came and purposing to make his aduenture profitable he neglected no meanes that might stand with his honestie and honor returning home into England with great riches the six and twentith of September in the yéere of our Lord one thousand fiue hundred and eightie with one ship onelie For of the fiue wherewith at his first setting foorth he was furnished he line 50 was forced to set two on fire the third perished the fourth came backe and went not forwards at the first A voiage of great aduenture and prosperous successe contrarie to the ackward and frowning hap of sundrie woorthie gentlemen whose attempts albeit honorable and commendable yet matched with misfortune or at least defectiue in deserued and hoped issue a sore dicouragement to gentlemen of trauell and not a little impeaching the art of nauigation line 60 And now to resume our former remembrance of the conspirators you shall vnderstand that after due examination had no rigor vsed either by torture or torment the wicked wretches guiltie consciences driuing them to voluntarie confession on the seuenth daie of September certeine of them were led from the Tower of London to Westminster by water where they were indicted first for intending treason against the queens owne person secondlie for stirring ciuill wars within the realme and thirdlie for practising to bring in forren power to inuade the land Seuen of them appeared at Westminster on the thirtéenth daie of September who all pleaded giltie and therefore had no iurie but were condemned and had iudgement on the next morrow On the fiftéenth daie of September other seuen
commons latelie assembled in parlement and hir maiesties answeres therevnto by hir selfe deliuered though not expressed by the reporter with such grace and life as the same were vttered by hir maiestie To the right honorable the earle of Leicester c. ALbeit with earnest desire of my heart right honorable my verie good lord I haue alwaies indeuored to doo your lordship some acceptable seruice for the honour you first vouchsafed me from beyond my cradle and after confirmed with the fauorable opinion line 40 wherewith you haue alwaies countenanced me euer since euen thus far onward on my daies which also togither with my yeares hath increased faster than mine abilitie to performe being crossed in nothing more deepelie than when I was letted by the ouermuch tendering of me by my parents to attend your lordship in your late voiage and honorable expedition into the low countries yet haue I béene euer since most studious to obserue and apprehend some good occasion or fit opportunitie to testifie line 50 the dutifull reuerence I beare to your lordship wherein if hitherto I haue béene slacke in performance during your absence it hath procéeded of the care I had not to interteine your lordship with matter either friuolous or vulgar though things of that nature might best become my condition and well agrée with my vnderstanding In which cogitation it came to my mind that the report of the spéeches deliuered by the queens most excellent maiestie in a late and weightie cause line 60 dealt in this parlement in answer to the petitions presented to hir maiestie the twelfe and foure and twentith daie of Nouember at Richmond by the lord chancellor and speaker respectiuelie in the name and behalfe of both estates accompanied with diuerse of either sort would doubtlesse be a thing to your lordship most gratefull as one euer pleased iustlie to admire the rare perfections of hir mind and approoued iudgement wherewith according to your estate and place deseruedlie your lordship hath béene vsuallie acquainted as also worthie of eternall monument and euerlasting memorie for as much as on the sudden they were deliuered by hir selfe for answer of a matter propounded debated resolued and digested with great labor and premeditation of the greatest grauest wisest and most choise persons of the whole realme whereof although I haue but slenderlie purtraied the lineaments without expressing to life the externall ornaments of hir roiall speach accompanied with all princelie and gracefull accomplements yet doubt I not but your lordship will easilie find hir inward vertues whereof it is impossible for me to make the least adumbration And because in the dailie expectation of your lordships returne I rested vncerteine how these might come safelie to your lordships hands I did therefore aduise to haue this my letter with the included copies to be readie to attend your first arriuall in gratulation of the safetie thereof which hath beene long desired Wherein as I striue to performe a particular dutie to your lordship so trust I you will haue that honorable consideration that in the communication thereof with others there grow not anie preiudice to me for my presumption in aduenturing to be a reporter of that which in the deliuerie wrought so great astonishment to all the hearers as it exceeded the fulnesse of euerie mans expectation and therefore without some fauorable construction of mine attempt I might incurre great blame by my slender maner of report so to haue blemished the excellencie of hir maiesties spéeches whereof I humblie beséech your lordship to haue fauorable regard Thus referring them to your lordships disposition and my selfe to your fauorable protection I humblie take my leaue 25. Nouember 1586. Your lordships most humblie in all dutie to command R. C. The briefe of the lord chancellors first speach at the time when he deliuered hir most excellent maiestie a petition in writing for and in the name of the lords and commons which speaches were of more length than here are by me collected but sure I am the substance thereof is here trulie expressed THat the lords and commons hauing of long time to their intolerable greefe found by how manie practises the Scotish quéene had compassed the destruction of hir highnesse most roiall person in whose safetie next vnder God they acknowledged their chiefe felicitie to consist thereby not onelie to bereaue them of the sincere and true religion in this realme professed and established but to bring backe againe this noble realme into the thraldome of Romish tyrannie and to ouerthrow the happie estate thereof wherein although hir highnesse of hir abundant gratious naturall clemencie and princelie magnanimitie hath either lightlie passed them ouer or with no small indulgence tolerated notwithstanding the often and earnest instances of hir nobilitie and commons in sundrie parlements heretofore and further hath protected hir from the violent pursute of hir owne people she yet as a person obdurat in malice as it appeareth continued hir former practises as had béene latelie manifested by certeine wicked conspiracies plotted by one Anthonie Babington and diuerse desperat persons that had combined and confederated themselues by vow and oth in a most horrible enterprise by murther to take awaie the life of hir maiestie wherein the Scotish quéene did not onelie aduise them but also direct comfort and abbet them with persuasion counsell promise of reward and earnest obtestation Wherevpon hir maiestie at the earnest request of such as tendered the safetie of hir roiall person and the quiet of the realme did direct commission vnder the great seale to sundrie lords and others of hir maiesties priuie councell a great number of lords of parlement of the greatest and most ancient degrée assisted with some of the principall iudges of the realme to heare examine and determine the same according to a statute in that behalfe made in the seuen and twentith yeare of hir reigne Who to the number of thirtie and six hauing attended line 10 the execution of the said commission and diuerse daies and times heard the allegations against the said Scotish quéene in hir owne presence and hearing she being permitted to saie what she would in hir owne excuse did with one assent find hir calpable both in priuitie consent to the said crimes obiected and also in compassing the quéens maiesties death Which sentence by hir owne directions vpon the hearing of the proofes and processe in parlement line 20 was iudged to haue béene most honorable and iust And therevpon they all beséech hir maiestie that forasmuch as the said quéene of Scots was the verie ground and onelie subiect wherevpon such dangerous practises and complots had béene founded against hir maiesties most roiall person and the estate of this realme for these manie yeares to the ouerthrow of sundrie of the nobilitie of the land and danger of christian religion and that they could sée line 30 no hope of hir desisting and hir adherents but that still hir maiesties safetie must be
than matter vpon syllables than sense of the law For in the strictnesse exact following of common forme she must haue béene indicted in Staffordshire haue line 30 holden vp hir hand at the barre and beene tried by a iurie a proper course forsooth to deale in that maner with one of hir estate I thought it better therefore for auoiding of these and more absurdities to commit the cause to the inquisition of a good number of the greatest and most noble personages of this realme of the iudges and others of good account whose sentence I must approoue and all little enough For we princes I tell you are set on stages in the sight and view of all the world dulie line 40 obserued the eies of manie behold our actions a spot is soone spied in our garments a blemish quicklie noted in our dooings It behooueth vs therefore to be carefull that our procéedings be iust and honorable But I must tell you one thing more that in this last act of parlement you haue brought me vnto a narrow streict that I must giue direction for hir death which cannot bée to mée but a most gréeuous and irksome burthen And least you line 50 might mistake mine absence from this parlement which I had almost forgotten although there bée no cause whie I should willinglie come amongst multitudes for that amongst manie some maie bee euill yet hath it not béene the doubt of anie such danger or occasion that kept me from thense but onlie the great griefe to heare this cause spoken of especiallie that such a one of state and kin should néed so open a declaration and that this nation should be so spotted with blots of disloialtie line 60 Wherein the lesse is my gréefe for that I hope the better part is mine and those of the woorse not so much to be accounted of for that in séeking my destruction they might haue spoiled their owne souls And euen now could I tell you that which would make you sorie It is a secret and yet I will tell it you although it is knowne I haue the propertie to keepe counsell but too well oftentimes to mine owne perill It is not long since mine eies did sée it written that an oth was taken within few daies either to kill me or to be hanged themselues and that to be performed yer one moneth were ended Hereby I see your danger in me and neither can nor will be so vnthankefull or carelesse of your consciences as not prouide for your safetie I am not vnmindfull of your oth made in the association manifesting your great good wils and affections taken and entered into vpon good conscience and true knowledge of the guilt for safetie of my person and conseruation of my life doone I protest to God before I heard it or euer thought of such a matter vntill a great number of hands with manie obligations were shewed me at Hampton court signed and subscribed with the names and seales of the greatest of this land Which as I doo acknowledge as a perfect argument of your true hearts and great zeale to my safetie so shall my bond be stronger tied to greater care for all your good But for as much as this matter is rare weightie and of great consequence I thinke you doo not looke for anie present resolution the rather for that as it is not my maner in matters of far lesse moment to giue spéedie answer without due consideration so in this of such importance I thinke it verie requisit with earnest praier to beséech his diuine maiestie so to illuminat my vnderstanding and inspire me with his grace as I maie doo and determine that which shall serue to the establishment of his church preseruation of your estates and prosperitie of this common wealth vnder my charge Wherein for that I know delaie is dangerous you shall haue with all conueniencie our resolution deliuered by our message And what euer anie prince maie merit of their subiects for their approoued testimonie of their vnfained sinceritie either by gouerning iustlie void of all parcialitie or sufferance of anie iniuries doone euen to the poorest that doo I assuredlie promise inuiolablie to performe for requitall of your so manie deserts ¶ The occasions of the second accesse THis answer thus made by hir maiestie the lords and commons were dismissed And then hir highnesse some few daies after vpon deliberation had of this petition being as it appeared of hir mercifull disposition of nature and hir princelie magnanimitie in some conflict with hir selfe what to doo in a cause so weightie and important to hir and the realme sent by the lord chancellor as I heard and by the mouth of an honorable person and a right worthie member of the lower house this message to both houses moouing and earnestlie charging them to enter into a further consideration whether there might not be some other waie of remedie than that they had alreadie required so far disagreeing from hir owne naturall inclination Wherevpon the lords and commons in either houses assembled had sundrie consultations both in their seuerall houses generallie and by priuat committees deputed speciallie And after conference had betwixt the said committées it was resolued with vnanimitie of consent amongst them in the lower house and by vniuersall concord in the vpper house the question there propounded to euerie one of the lords that there could be found no other sound and assured meane in the depth of their vnderstanding for the continuance of the christian religion quiet of the realme and safetie of hir maiesties most roiall person than that which was conteined in their former petition The reasons whereof were summarilie these that follow which are more shortlie reported than they were vttered A briefe report of the second accesse the foure and twentith of Nouember 1586 and of the answer made in the name of tâe lords of the parlement to a message sent from hir maiestie by the lord chancellor after hir first answer THe lord chancellor accompanied with aboue fiue or six and twentie lords of parlement came before hir highnesse in hir line 10 chamber of presence to deliuer the resolution of all the lords of parlement concerning a message which he had not long before deliuered from hir maiestie for further consultation whether anie other means could be thought of or found out by anie of them how the Scotish quéens life might be spared and yet hir maiesties person saued out of perill and the state of the realme preserued in quiet declared that according to that he had receiued in commandement from hir maiestie he had imparted line 20 the same vnto the lords assembled in the vpper house whom he found by their generall silence much amazed at the propounding thereof considering the same had béene before in deliberation amongest them and resolued vpon and as appeared by their former petition exhibited to hir highnesse wherein they had expressed the same resolution Notwithstanding for hir maiesties further satisfaction
no respect to deale with the pope note 24. Their authoritie notablie exemplied in Anselme note 24 25. Their election annulled vpon good causes note 210 a 10. Six at London in time of the parlement 256 a 10 Archbishoprike of Canturburie void more than thrée yeares 225 a 60. Uoid foure yeares note 18 b 10. Let out to farme 206 a 40 Archbishopriks giuen to strangers by duke William 9 a 20 Archdecons should be decons 30 b 30 Archdeconries not to be let out to farme 30 b 30 Archer good was Henrie the eight 806 a 40 Archer English of the garrison of Calis a notable péece of seruice against the enimie 380 a 60 Archers of England driue the French from their siege 363 a 10. Notable seruice against the Genowaies note 372 a 40 50 Uictorious against the French 373 a 60. Seruice against the Scots 987 a 60. Fulfill a prophesie note 388 b 50. Force against the French 389 a 40 Worthie actiuitie 396 b 60. Ualiancie against the Spaniards 399 a 30. Good seruice vnder sir Hugh Caluerlie 422 b 50. Under the conduct of a préest 443 b 50 Shot killeth in a quarell 447 a 50. Great seruice against the Spanish French 448 a 10. Good seruice against the Saracens 473 a 60. In the time of a conspiracie note 516 a 30. The greatest force of the English armie note 553 a 60. Good seruice at Teukesburie field 687 b 60. Good seruice vnder sir Humfreie Talbot 770 b 30. Good seruice against the enimie 771 a 10. Of the Cornish rebels whose arrowes were in length a full cloth yard 782 b 10. Game made with laieng wast of gardenâ in Moore field 785 a 20. A shew of two hundred in a maigame before king Henrie the eight 836 b 40. Gall the French horssemen 966 a 60 Archers Irish 986 a 20. Discomfited 984 b 40. ¶ Sée Inclosures Ard assaulted by the Englishmen 528 b 40 Arden murthered by the means of his wife a notable whoore note 1062 b 40 c. Arden ¶ Sée Sumeruill Arks besieged 819 a 30 Arlet duke William Conquârors mother the daughter of a burgesse 20 a 10 Armach in Ireland where the sée metropolitane is 100 b 40 Armenia the king thereof commeth ouer into England for aid against the Turkes 448 b 50. Sueth for a safe conduct to come into England which is denied him 453 b 30. Would gladlie that a peace betwéene England and France should be concluded 480. b 30 Armetridâ the wife of Hugh Lou earle of Chester 20 a 40 Armie called the armie of God and the holie church 185. a 50 Armour and an ordinance for the same 105 a 30. ¶ See England Arnalt knight his valiantnesse 997 a 10 40 Arrogancie of Becket blamed 77 b 10. ¶ Sée Ambition and Pride Arsacidâ ¶ Sée Saracens Arthur made awaie by meanes of his vncle king Iohn and whie 7 b 30 Arthur the eldest and first son of Henrie the seuenth borne 769 b 10. Had carnall knowledge with his wife he is sent into Wales 789 a 50 60 b 20. Deceaseth 790 b 10 Arthur Plantagenet created vicount Lisle 878 a 50. Deceaseth in the tower 955 a 60. ¶ Sée Plantagenet Arthur of Britaine ¶ Sée Duke Arundell castell besieged 30 a 50 Arundell knight drowned his excesse and sumptuous apparell 423 b 10 60 Aske a notable rebell pardoned note 942 b 30. He and others practise to raise a new rebellion 944 a 10 c. He with his coparteners is exeecuted 944 b 10 Assassini ¶ Sée Saracens Assemblies vnlawfull an act there against 1061 a 30 Assise of bread published by proclamation note 166 a 20 30 Astronomers deceiued and how they excused their false predictions 882 b 20. Deceiued in their predictions 1356 b 30 c. Attaindors at parlament 946 b 20. 995 a 10. ¶ Sée Treason Audleie lord chéefe capteine of the Cornish rebels ignominiouslie drawne vnto Tiburne and executed 782 a 10 b 30. Slaine 649 b 10 Audleie knight lord chancellor 929 b 20. Kéeper of the great seale 928 b 20 Auricular confession ¶ Sée Confession Auxerre citie taken by sir Robert Knols 391 b 30 B. BAbington and his confederats ¶ Sée Traitors Bacon knight lord kéeper deceaseth 1271 b 60. His epitaph in Paules 1272 a 10. Sée more of him 1286 b 40. ¶ Sée Chancellors Badbie his notable constancie 536 a 60 Badge of the bright sunne the earle of Marches badge 660 a 20. Of the earle of Warwike worne in euerie mans cap note 678 b 40. Of Richard the second 500 b 60. Of quéene Elisabeth note 1290 b 10 Badges a bill against the wearing of them 472 b 60 Baffuling what it is among the Scots 427 a 30 Bagot knight and prisoner discloseth secrets of trouble 512 b 50 60 c 513 a 10 c. Bailiffes first that bare rule in London 119 b 60. ¶ Sée London and Officers Bainards castell new built 788 a 10 Baion yéelded to the Englishmen 293 b 20 Bakers sell bread lacking six or seuen ounces weight in a penie lofe 282 b 60. Punished by the pillorie 259 b 40 Bales writing within the compasse of a penie 1262 b 10 Balioll king of Scots obteineth the kingdome of Scotland 288 b 60. The forme of his fealtie to the king of England 288 b 60. 289 b 50. His homage 290 a 20. Crowned king of Scotland 349 b 60. Chased out of Scotland 350 a 20. Doth homage to Edward the third 350 b 20. Departeth this life 308 b 60 Banbourgh ¶ Sée Castell Banket roiall note 254 a 50.825 a 30. Of two hundred and thrée score dishes 849 a 40. Of two hundred dishes vpon the sudden 922 b 20. Of thirtie or fortie dishes and not one of them fish nor flesh 1192 b 50. Full of proper deuises 1425 a 30 Banketting house of French king describeth 849 b 10 c. Of Henrie the eight in his palace at Guisnes 857 b 60. Within the towne of Calis 861 b 20 c. At Westminster builded 1315 b 10. How garnished and decked 30. The costs and charges thereof 40 Bankerupts practise 812 b 20 Banishment of bishops and other English in duke Williams time 8 a 30. By whome ordeined 33 b 50. For twelue moneths 269 b 10. Of the earle of Cornewall out of the realme 319 b 60. Perpetuall 465 a 30 Banister the duke of Buckingham seruant receiueth the duke in perill of life into his house 743 b 50. Betraieth him into the hands of his enimies for monie Gods secret iudgements vpon him and his children note 744 a 50 60 Barnabées daie kept holie daie all London ouer 1062 b 10 Barnard of Newmarch a Norman 17 a 60 Barnes doctor and two merchants of the Stilliard did penance at Paules crosse for heresie 892 b 60. For a sermon inuectiue against bishop Gardiner asketh him forgiuenesse 950 b 10. He and others executed 952 b 30 Barnet towne how seated 684 a 10 Barnet field ¶ Sée Battell Barons foure vnder thâ earle of Chester 20 a 20
Excheker and the officers vnto the same by whome instituted 8 a 60. Remooued from Westminster to Northhampton 173 a 10. It and the kings bench remooued vnto Shrewesburie 278 b 10. Excuse of Edward the first to auoid an inconuenience 308 a 60. Of the clergie to be frée from subsidies c 301 b 40. ¶ Sée Couetousnesse Exham field ¶ Sée Battell Exton knight a murtherer of king Richard the second 517 a 10. His too late repentance and sorrow a 20. Extortion of William Rufus made him âuill spoken of amongest his subiects 23 b 10. An ordinance against it 260 b 10. ¶ Sée Oppression Usurie F. FActions of Yorke and Lancaster vnpossible to be mingled without danger of discord 647 a 40 Faire kept at Westminster at saint Edwards tide 241 a 30 Fiftéene daies togither 247 a 20. Of Lewis the French kings sonne in derision 200 b 10. At Bristow robbed 263 b 50 Falois beséeged and rendered vp to king Henrie the fift 561 b 10 60. ¶ Sée Arlet Falshood betwixt brethren 32 a 60 Familie of loue fiue of that sect stood at Paules crosse 1261 b 30. Proclamation against them note 1314 a 60 b 10. Famine extreme within Rone 566 b 20. Richard the second died therof 516 b 60. Suffred 68 b 20. The cause why Rone was surrendred 167 b 60. Refused and death by the sword chosen 166 a 20. The punishment of witchcraft 204 a 10. Lamentable 323 b 40. ¶ Sée Pestilence Farrer an haberdasher of London a sore enimie to the ladie Elisabeth 1159 b 20 30 c Fast generall proclamed and deuoutlie obserued 1427 b 50 Fasts processions vsed 260 a 10 Fauour ¶ Sée People Fecknam ¶ Sée Abbat Fées ¶ Sée Annuities Feare causeth want of spéech 659 b 30. Made king Edward the fourth forsake his kingdome 675 a 60 b 10. What it forceth men vnto 293 a 20. Causeth restitution of wrongfull deteined townes 311 b 20. Forceth agréement note 114 b 20. Among the people assembled at the duke of Summersets execution 1068 a 50 b 10 ¶ Sée Suspicion Fergusa a Lombard betraieth the duke of Clarence 580 a 10 Felton ¶ Sée Bull seditious Ferdinando archduke of Austrich made knight of the garter 882 a 60 Ferrers lord of misrule at a Christmas at the court his behauiour and port 1067 a 60 b 10 c Ferrers knight William taken prisoner 33 a 40 Ferrers a traitor ¶ Sée Treason Fescampe William his deuises of a plaine song whereabout was strife 13 b 30 Feast rare and roiall 1332 a 60 At quéene Katharins coronation 579 a 10 c Sumptuand full of rare deuises 1434 a 30 Fatherston alià s Constable ¶ Sée Counterfet of king Edward the sixt Feuersham abbeie by whome founded 58 a 20 Fiftéenth granted vnto king Henrie the third by the temporaltie 213 a 10. Of the sixt penie after the rate of mens goods 312 b 20. Of all the mooueables to be found within the realme 207 a 30. Thrée granted 402 a 60. ¶ Sée Subsidie Fight among sparows 397 b 50 Finch knight drowned 1202 b 10 Fine for misdemeanor 704 a 60 Of fiue thousand markes paid to king Henrie the third by the Londoners 208 b 40. For murther 122 b 30. Of a kéeper for a prisoners escape 152 a 20 Fines set on prisoners for their ransoms 144 a 50. Paid for licence to exercise turnements 145 b 60. Set on the nobles by king Iohn for not aiding him against the French king 167 a 20. For not comming to the church 1322. Of priests that had wiues 26 a 30. Extreme leuied vpon the clergie note 201 b 60 202 a 10. Set on the maior of London and the shiriffes 256 b 30 note Set on shiriffes heads 254 a 60. Of foure hundred pounds set vpon aldermens heads of London by king Henrie the seuenth 795 b 60 796 a 10. Sessed vpon them that fauored the Cornish rebels 785 a 10. ¶ Sée Escuage Forfeits and Nobilitie Fire bursteth out of the earth 44 b 40. It the sword Gods angrie angels 1001 b 10 Fish monstrous taken in Norffolke 1355 b 60. Of twentie yards long c note 1259 b 30. Driuen to the English shore 1206 a 40. Like vnto a man 168 a 10 Fishes of the sea fight 225 b 60 115 a 10. Monstrous at Downam bridge in Suffolke 1211 a 50. In Westminster hall after the fall of an high floud 1271 b 50. Fishmongers bound to find âoure scholers at the vniuersities c note 792 b 10. Sore trobled by the maior of London 440 b 30. An act against them within the citie of London 441 a 50. The statute against them repeled and they restored to their liberties 442 a 60. Benâfited by iustice Randolph 1354 a 40 50. Fitzalan William a conspiraâor 49 a 10 Fitzarnulfe a Londoner procureth the citizens to reuenge their cause by rebellion he is apprehended and executed 204 a 40 Fitzbaldrike shiriffe of Yorke 10 a 10 Fitzempresse Henrie his returne into England 58 a 20. and is knighted 40 Fitzsergus Gilbert killed his brother note 98 b 40 Fitzgeffreie chamberleine vnto king Richard the first 128 a 60. His death b 60 Fitzhammon Robert his tale to William Rufus 26 b 20 Fitziohn Eustace a conspirator 49 a 10. Slaine 67 a 10 Fitzleo Peter an vsurping pope 44 a 50 Fitzmiles Roger. ¶ Sée Erle Fitzmoris his miserable end 1365 b 60 Fitzosbert his vnnaturall ingratitude and complaint to K. Richard the first against the citie of London 149 a 40. Whie he ware his long beard his oration to the people he is called before the archbishop of Canturburie lord chéefe iustice president of the realme he flieth into the church of saint Marie Bow he is attached his concubines 149 all Is executed the archbishop of Canturburie euill spoken of for his death an old whoremonger and new saint 150 a 10 20 Fitzosborne William earle of Hereford c gouernor of England in duke Williams absence 5 a 10 Fitzroie Oliuer sonne to king Iohn 202 a 20 Fitzscroope Richard in armes against Edrike the rebell 5 a 10 Fitzwalter lord deceaseth in Spaine 450 b 10. Appealeth the duke of Aumerle of treason 512 a 60. He is mainprised 513 b 60. Earle of Sussex his seruice against the Scots he is in great danger note 986 a 20 Fitzwilliams recorder of London his wisedome in a dangerous case 730 b 30 Flanders spoiled by the duke of Glocester 614 b 60. Wholie at the deuotion of Edward the third 354 b 60. Interdicted 358 a 10. Diuerse rodes made thereinto by the English and great spoile doone 454 b 60. Inuaded by the bishop of Norwich 442 b 60. a great part drowned by an exundation 34 a 60. ¶ Sée Erle of Leicester League Flatterie impudent of sir Iohn Bushie to king Richard the second 490 b 60. Used in a sermon note 725 b 40 Notable 727 b 50 60 728 a 10 c. ¶ Sée Dissumulation Fléetwood recorder of London made sargent at law ¶ Sée Sargents
a 60 b 10 c. A plot laid for his destruction at a solemne iusts 514 b 60. In his time intaileth the crowne 514 a 10 20. Suspected not to be well affected towards the church before his coÌming to the crowne 511 b 50 60. His funerals kept at Canturburie 543 b 50 Henrie the fift his title the beginning of his reigne his coronation daie verie tempestuous he altereth his life maners 543. His iustice in a progresse 579 b 40. The king of Scots in his armie 577 a 10. The duke of Bauier coÌmeth to him with a number of horssemen he and monsieur Baubason fight hand to hand 577 a 50 60. The bishop of Winchester lendeth him 20000 pounds 580 b 10. He saileth into France againe the Scotish king serueth him he pursueth Dolphin b 20 30 60. Returneth into England with his new wife 578 b 50 60. Receiued into Paris 578 a 10. Taketh vpon him the office of regent of France 578 a 50. He the French king at peace the articles of the same 572 a 20 c 573 a 40 c. The effects of his oration to the French king 576 a 10. Condescendeth to a treatie of peace with the French king 572 a 20. Commeth to Trois to the French king affieth the French kings daughter b 20 30. Plaieth the porters part 570 a 20. Accursed his enimies deliuered into his hand executed his entrance into Rone his behauior others a legue betwéene him and the duke of Britaine remaineth at Rone sendeth his capteins abrode to subdue castels townes he remoueth to Uernon 568 a 30 40 60. A rare worthie example of equitie in him 560 b 60. His iustice and charitie 566 a 60 b 40. His wise answer to a presumptuous French orator 567 a 60. Aided by the king of Portingale 566 a 20. Towns in Normandie yéelded vnto him 562 b 50 His exploits in France his victories surrenders to him 561 a 10 c 562 563 564 565 566 567. Arriueth in Normandie how he preuailed against his enimies and taketh castels and townes 559 a 10. His roiall modestie note 556 a 40. Wise and valiant chalenge an example in him what is to be doone after victorie 555 a 10 20. His valiantnesse in slaieng the duke of Alanson 554 b 20. His campe robbed b 50. His policie against the French horssemen his oration to his men his wish noble courage 553 b 30 40 50. Passeth the riuer of Some with his host the number of his armie his iustice in warre his answer to the French kings defiance he rideth foorth to take view of the French armie 552 all His standard recouered from the French 551 b 10. Saileth ouer to France with his host 549 b 20. His charitable proclamation his besieging of Harflue 30 60. He taketh and sacketh it his mercifull dealing with the French prisoners 550 all His words to certeine traitors of the nobilitie 548 b 30. Wise answer to the archbishop of Brugesse 547 b 60. His policie in the time of a commotion 544 b 10. His roiall port he falleth sicke 582 b 30 50. Is brought sicke to Bois de Uincennes 583 a 10. His aduise vpon his death bed his decease his commendation in diuerse respects 583 all The maner of his buriall 584 a 10 c. Henrie the sixt borne 581 a 60 b 10. Crowned in Paris 606 a 40. His coronation at Westminster 602 b 60. The beginning of his reigne 585 a 20. Goeth against Kentish rebels with a power 634 a 50. The maner of his buriall a description of his person his canonization to be a saint laboured for his qualitie 691 a 10 c. Sheweth himselfe to the Londoners he is deliuered vp to the hands of Edward the fourth his enimie 683 a 30 b 10. Fetcht out of the Towre and restored to his regiment 677 b 50. His saieng concerning Henrie of Richmond after king Henrie the seuenth b 10. Commended by the earle of Warwike note 671 a 10. Assembleth an armie against Edward the fourth and his adherents 664 a 20. His power excéeded king Edwards b 30. His part discomfited he withdraweth to Berwike 665 a 10 40. Maketh a solemne feast at the reconcilement of the nobles that were at strife note createth dukes and knights 595 b 40 50 In person goeth with an armie into France 605 b 20. Râturneth out of France into England 607 b 40. His receiuing into Excester the clergie there against him 637 a 20 90 c Practises to put him beside the crowne letters interchangable betwixt him and the vsurper 637 a 60 b 10 c. 638 639. In armes against the duke of Yorke his answer to the dukes letters 642 a 60 b 10 50. The armies ioine the kings part vanquished 643 all Part discomfited he is taken 654 b 30 40. Articles of peace and agréement betwéene him the duke of Yorke 657 b 20 c. Letters kept from him of purpose 644 a 60. He to reigne in name but not in rule he to reuoke certeine grants agréed vpon note 644 b 20. His power discomfited flie 660 b 10. Raiseth an armie against the duke of Yorke 649 b 50. Present in habit roiall at a solemne procession in Paules 648 a 60. Flieth 666 b 20. He is taken and laid vp in hold 667 a 30. His deposition described 1234 b 40. Set vp againe as king 727 a 60. Sicke 642 a 20. Murthered in the Towre 690 b 60. And by whome 712 b 20. Henrie the seuenth his birth age descent bringing vp and port that he bare king Henrie the sixt his saieng concerning him 678 a 60 b 10. One of the bloud of Henrie the sixt his life a gréeâe to Edward the fourth 701 b 10. He taketh sanctuarie note 70 b 10 c. His wife the ladie Elisabeth when borne 668 b 50. Crowned by the lord Stanlie in the field 760 a 50 60. Dooth some honour to Richard the third after his death in respect of his buriall 761 a 20. Banisheth all Flemish ware out of his dominions 778 a 20. He and Maximilian agrée to plague the French men 774 a 50. Desireth the king of Castile to haue Edmund earle of Suffolke deliuered into his hands 793 a 30. His progresse into Lancashire 779 Wanted policie 790 a 20. His chapels at Westminster built 790 b 30. His policie against sir Robert Clifford 778 b 20. He is in a quandarie 779 a 10. Purposeth warres against France and openeth the iust cause in parlement 771 b 50. Sendeth espials into Flanders for a subtill policie 777 b 30. He the quéen dined at sargeants feast kept at Elie house 779 a 40. Requesteth a prest of six thousand marks goeth into the north 764 a 30 50. Maketh out a power against Perkin Warbecke 784 a 20. His gratious pardon to a great number of miserable rebels 784 b 30. Couetous in his old age 791 b 20. Saileth to Calis he and the duke of Burgogne méet at saint Péeters
go out of it 1200 a 60 b 10. A supplie of soldiors out of Essex arriue there 1197 a 60 b 10. And out of Deuonshire b 30. Greatlie infected with the plague 1204 a 50. Articles of agréement touching the surrender b 60. A new supplie of souldiors out of Northfolke Suffolke Willshire and Glocestershire 1203 a 10 50. A fresh supplie of souldiors arriue there 1202 b 20. An alarum thereto 1196 a 60. Prises taken brought thither 1197 a 10 20. A proclamation forbidding resort of souldiours thither without licence 1202 b 40. The French king commeth to the campe lieng before it 1205 a 60. The chéefe cause whie it was yéelded b 10. Speciall persons that died of the plague there b 20 30. Pestilence transported thense to London b 50 Newport besieged by Frenchmen 771 a 10. Sacked and burnt by the Englishmen 444 a 10. New yeares gift ¶ Sée Gift Nicholson alià s Lambert burned 946 a 10 Nigell ¶ Sée Neal. Nightinghale parson of Crondall in Kent his blasphemie in the pulpiâ punished by God note 1128 b 60.1129 a 10 Noble ¶ Sée Coine Nobilitie of England rooted out and beggered by duke William 9 a 10. Faine to flie bicause of duke Wilkains tirannie 10 a 40. Their liuings taken awaie by duke William 5 b 10. In arms against him and his Normans 6 a 10 Hated of him and his people 6 a 20. Forsake their natiue countrie 6 a 20. In seruitude to the Normans 1 b 50. Gréeuouslie fined by William Rufus 20 b 10 Nobilitie true described 1266 b 10 Compared vnto a riuer or floud c note 1263 b 30 Noblemen and king Richard the second at debate 458 a 30. Indicted of diuerse offenses 457 b 20. Appeale one another of treason 512 513. That conspired against K. Henrie the fourth 514 b 30 They come to Circester the bailiffe setteth vpon them in their lodgings they set fire on their lodgings their disconmfiture and shamefull end 515 b 10 c. They doo yéeld themselues 516 a 30 40. Beheaded for conspiracie 516 a 50 60. Conspiracie namelie of the Persiâs against Henrie the fourth 521 b 10 c. 522 523. Executed 530 b 30. Complaine to king Henrie the third of the popes collections 232 b 10. Reuolting from Lewis the French kings sonne 199 a 30. Taken prisoners 200 a 60. That rebelled in what perplexitie they were 198 b 40 Their minds drawne from Lewis the French K. sonne 197 b 40. Offended at Henrie the third and not without cause 216 b 60. That tooke part with and against Henrie the third 264 b all Proclamed traitors by Henrie the third 217 a 10. That reuolted from Henrie the third 266 a 20. Disgrace Henrie the third in a parlement 240 b 50. Of rare qualities 1257 b 10. What fort and the wals of a realme 1263 b 10. That went with the duke of Alanson ouer sea 1329 b 50 60 1330 a 10 c. Their vantgard distressed they discomfited and executed 688 a 40 c. b 10 Diuers that stood against them executed 464 a 20. At dissention 451 b 40. Appointed to come in warlike maner to the parlement 489 b 60. Apprehended imprisoned and also indicted 489 a 20 c At variance come to the parlement in armour 439 b 10. Roughlie handled by Richard the second 489 490 491 492 493. Against the duke of Summerset to displace him 1057 a 20. 1058 â 10. Consult and also practise to diuert the successâââ of the crowne and how euillie it prooued note 1085 a 60 b 10 c. 1086 1087. Imprisoned for eating flesh in lent 960 a 10. At daggers drawing and bloudshed within the Towre note 722 b 10 c. 723 a 10 Conspirators executed 688 b 60. In armes against Edward the fourth vnder quéen Marâaret the place of their incamping the ordering of their hâast 687 a 60 b 40 c. Conspire against Eâward the fourth note 670 b 30 c 671 c. Aâ deadâie malice in Henrie the sixts time note the whole storie called to a treatie broughâ to agrée 647 a 20 proclamed traitors 650 b 60. Their letters excusâtorie to Henrie the sixt 651 a 60 b 10 c. Atteinted 652 a 10. That continued true and loiall to king Iohn 175 b 60. Begin to mislike the match which they had made with Lewis 193 b 40. Dealing with Richard the second as touching his deposing 502 a 20 c. ¶ Sée duke of Laâcaster Reuolting from king Iohn to king Lewis 192 a 10. Mistrusted and charged with treason 457 b 10 60. Confer how to preuent the perils pretended against them counsell taken how to deale against them their messengers to the king 458 a 40 60 b 20 50 The Londoners refuse to fight against them the lords take an oth togither to proseââuâe their purposed enterprise seeke the fauour of the Londoners come before the kings presence in Westminster hall their answer and grieâes 459 a 10 50 60 b 30 40 60. The king reprooueth their dooings cléered of treason by proclamation 460 a 10 20 30. Temper too far with the kings matters and impeach his roialtie 452 b 10 c. Thirtéene lords appointed to haue the gouernement vnder the king 453 a 10 60 b 10. Come to London with a great armie 461 a 40. Sent to the maior and citizens of London to vnderstand their meaning 462 a 50. Enter into London the kings words touching their procéedings they refuse to come vnto the Tower but after serch made they come before the kings presence they open their gréefes to the king 472 b 10 c. Drowned 41 b 10. Die 108 a 20 230 b 50. 228 b 50 ¶ Sée Death Shipwracke Noise ¶ Sée Sound Norham castell besieged by the Scots rescued by the English 782 b 50 60. Diliuered vp to the Scotish kings hands 825 b 40 50 Norimbega ¶ Sée Raleigh Normandie morgaged to William Rufus and for what 22 b 20. Townes therein yéelded to Henrie the fift 562 b 20 Brought into Henrie the fift his suviection hauing béene a long time from him deteined 571 a 30. Woone by the earle of Amon 55 a 20. Inuaded by the French king 39 b 50 Subdued vnto England on that day fortie yeres past that William Conqueror subdued England to Normandie 33 b 10. Interdicted 160 a 60 137 a 60. By the archbishop of Normandie 151 a 60. Recouered by the French king after thrée hundred and sixtéene yeares kéeping note 167 b 60. Lost the state therof and the causes of the losse 630 b 50 Normans that came with William in the conquest of England 2 b 40. Rebell but are subdued to their smart 612 b 30. Willinglie sworne English 561 a 10. Affraid at Henrie the fift his arriuall 559 a 40. Under duke Robert vanquished 33 a 20 30. Inclined more to Henrie the first than to D. Robert 32 b 20. Their rule and the Frenches ouer England ceaseth 116 b 40 Set vpon by the English admerall 290 b 10. Their posssessions confiscated
of Hales dedicated The charges of the building of the church of Hales Tournies and iusts in those daies were handled in more rough manner than is vsed in our tune The house of Coucie The king of Scots did homage to the K. of England Sir Robert Norice and sir Stephan Bausan An excéeding great wind The bishop of Rochest bull The Gascoignes make warre against the English subiects The earle of Leicester danteth his enimies Mal. Pal. in suo cap. A strange wonder of the new moone A great drought Manie diseases reigned A murren of cattell The cause of the death of cattell The bishop of Lincolne The Gascoigns meane to complaine of the earle of Leicester The earle disproueth the allegations of his accusers The bishop of Lincolns authoritie to institute vicars in churches impropriate The earle of Leicester sent eftsoones into Gascoigne Rusteine taken The kings eldest son Edward creates duke of Aquitaine Sir Arnold de Monteinie slaine The church of Elie dedicated A parlement The king demandeth the tenths of the spiritualtie The bishops refuse to yeild to the popes grant The king highlie offended with the bishops The king assaieth to get monie of the lords temporall The Londoners helpe at a pinch The death of sir Nicholas Samford The countesse of Winchester departeth this life Matth. Paris The deceasse of the countesse de Lisle de Wight Anno Reg. 37. The pope offereth the kingdome of Sicill vnto the earle of Cornewall The archb of Canturburie and the bishop of Winchester made fréends William de Ualence and Iohn de Warren The value of spirituall liuings in strangers hands The new moone appeared before hir time Running at the quintine The Londoners called Barons The earle of Leicester resigneth his gouernment of Gascoigne The Rioll S. Millâon townes in Gascoigne Knights to be made An ordinance against robbers The cause that mooued the Gascoignes to rebellion A parlement A tenth granted of the spiritualtie Escuage granted Magna charta Godlie counsell no doubt The king pâââposeth to go himselfe into Gascoigne He taketh the sea He arriueth at Burdeaux Ambassadors sent into Spaine A marriage concluded betwixt the K. of Englands sonne the K. of Spaines daughter A dearth in the kings campe The Gascoigns begin to humble themselues The bishop of Chichester Richard Witz and Grosted b. of Lincolne depart this life The praise of Grosted Leo papa The L. Wil. Uescie departeth this life Great wet Great drout Anno Reg. 38. The ladie Katherin the kings daughter borne Winter thunder The quéenes liberalitie towards the K. A strang sight in the aire Redborne A death of sheepe The king demandeth a subsidie The king offended with them that refused to helpe him with monie Edward the kings sonne is sent to the K. of Castile He marrieth the ladie Elenor daughter to K. Alfonse Ran. Higd. Polydor. Gaston de Biâânâ ãâã to take ãâã of Bââân A ãâã in the English aâââe A mightie storme of haile Anno Reg. 39. The king returneth homwârds thorough France The countesse of Cornewall The pope offereth the kingdome of Sicill vnto the king of England The K. maketh great shift for monie to send to the pope He sendeth to the pope a warant to take vp monie Matth. Paris The pope is liberall of an other mans pursse Manfred proclaimed king of Sicill A parlement The states refuâe to grant a subsidie The parlemeÌt adiourned Rob. de Ros Iohn Bailioll accused Reignold de Bath a physician An eclipse The earle of Glocester Iohn Mansell sent into Scotland Robert de Ros summoned to appeare A shift to get monie of the bishops deuised by the bish oâ Hereford A parlement Richard earle of Cornewall standeth against his brother for the grant of a subsidie The liberties of London seized into the kings hands The shiriffes of London imprisoned The king demandeth monie of the Iewes The kings debt 3000000 marks The earle of Cornewall lendeth the king monie Hor. lib. 2. serm An elephant sent to the K. An ewer of pearle peraduenture an agat Strange wonders High tides A comet The decease of Walter archbishop of Yorke Elianor the wife of prince Edward coÌmeth to the citie The liberties of the citie restored to the Londoners A legat from the pope named Ruscand a Gascoigne Tenths gathered for the pope The crosse preached against Manfred A councell called at London by the legat Matth. Paris The churchmen being pinched by their pursses fret and fume against the popes procéâdings in that behalfe The bishops would rather become martyrs than lose their monie Ruscand coÌplaineth to the king of the frowardnesse of the prelats The bishop oâ London his saiengs Anno Reg. 40. Edmund the kings sonne inuested king of Sicill and Naples Chro. Dun. The councell proroged The K. lieth in wait for mens goods Matth. Paris The Lord Gray forsaketh the court Iewes accused executed for crucifieng a child at Lincolne named Hugh Eighteene Iews hanged The prolocutors answer to the popes legat The prelats appeale Marke the cause of martyrdome The deane of saint Paules sent to Rome on the behalfe of the prelats Mens deuotion towards the pope waxeth cold Antith de prâcl Chrisâi c. The b. of Salisburie departeth this life Suit of court when it was first receiued for a law Matth. Paris Magnus king of Man A proclamation for knighthood A sore tempest of wind and raine The king of Scots commeth into England Iohn Mansell trusted the two kings Orders deuised for the appearance of shâriffes The shiriffes fined The king of Scots ãâã into his countrie Anno Reg. 4â Richard earle of Cornewâââ elected emperour The great treasure of Richard king of Almaine The Welshmen choose them a gouernour anâ rebell agaiâââ the king The king wanteth monie Sir Geffrey de Langlies hard dealing cause of the Welshmens rebellion Matth. Paris The number of the Welshâenimies The Welshmen diuide their power into two parts Nic. Treuet Stephan Bauzan ãâã Baucan Englishmen ouerthrowne Northwales and Southwales ioined togither in league The king passeth himselfe in person into Wales The lord Mortimer the kings lieutenant in Wales Polydor. A legat from Rome Matth. Paris A new order of Friers A parlement Matth. Paris The lord Edmund the kings sonne A subsidie demanded The offer of the spiritualtie The archbish of Cullen and other ambassadors of Almaine Six archbish present at London in time of the parlement The elect K. of Almaine taketh his leaue of the king his brother He landeth at Dordreigh A synod Matth. Paris A decrée made by the pope Matth. Paris The moonks of Durham that were excoÌmunicated are now absolued Matth. Paris Fabian An informaâââon against the lord maior of London The lord ãâã and shiriffes of London discharged The lord maior and shiriffes finâ Matth. Paris The archbisâââ of Yorke accursed The constancie of the archbishop of Yorke The lord Audelie warreth vpon the Welshmen Ambassadors sent into France The marshes of Wales sore impouerished A great dearth Matth. Paris The gréedie
of Durham He is kept out of the abbeie ãâã Durham âe is summoâed to appéere before the K. ãâã refuseth The conclusion of the strife betwixt the bishop and moonks of Durham Bernards castell giuen to the earle of Warwike Anno. Reg. 35. 1307 A parlement at Carleill William Testa the popes chapleine inhibited to leuie monie Abington A statute against the religious persons N. Triuet Petrus Hispanus a cardinall sent froÌ the pope The cause of his comming Matth. West His demand of monie of religious houses The cardinall preacheth He accurseth Rob. Bruce Nic. Triuet Thomas Bruce and Alexander Bruce taken Matth. West Tho. Bruce executed Alexander Bruce Reginald Crawford executed The earle of Penbroke put to fâight Bruce besiegeth the earle of Glocester He is chased froÌ that siege The death of K. Edward the first He is buried at Westminster His issue His stature and forme ãâã bodie His qualitie of mind He misliked the pride of prelats Siluer ãâã The same Wimondhaâ also receiueâ 82 pounds ãâã 26 founderââ lead out of ãâã which ãâ¦ã by his ââcompts Betwixt thâ 10 day of Iâlie and the ââ day of Octâber the same yeare Continuation of Matt. West The bishop of Couentrie committed to prison Officers remooued Polydor. Péers de Gaueston The yeare next insuing the I le of Man was taken by Robert Bruce A parlemâââ at Northampton Péers de Gââueston ãâã The K. passâth ouer ãâã France 1â0â He wâs married the 2â ãâã Februarie ãâã Tho. de la More ãâã The king and quéene crowned Tho. Walsin Sir Iohn Blackwell smoothered and thrust to death Continuation of N. Triuet The order taken for the apprehension of the teÌplers Tho. Walsi CoÌntinuatioÌ of N. Triuet Anno Reg. 2. The earle of Cornewall banished the realme The kings fauour towards the earle of Cornwall Polydor. Fabian The earle of Cornewall deputie of Ireland Hen. Marle 1309 Anno Reg. 3. Hen. Marle 1310 Anno Reg. 4 The addition to Triuet The earle of Cornewall placed in Bambourgh castell Polydor. Caxton Rich. ãâã Anno Reg. â Berwike ââtified The king ãâã into Scotland Fabian Hen. Marle Rich. Soâââ The carââ ãâã Cornewall banished ãâã Flanders Anno Reg. 7. Record Tur. Hen. Marle Mariages The successe of Robert Bruce The king of England passeth into Scotland The Englishmen chased The king escapeth The battell of Banokesborne The great slaughter of Englishmen Polydor. Fabian Croxden Addition to Triuet and Matth. Paris Anno Reg. 8. A councel holden at Yorke Sir Peter Spalding The Scots in Ireland The lord Bermingâââ Great slaughter of Scots in Ireland Ri. Southw The bishoprike of Durham spoiled ãâã the Scots Anno Reg. â Rob. Bruce inuadeth âââgland Carleill besieged The siege raised Iohn de Murrey taken Great rainâ Iohn of Eltham borââ Hen Mârlâ Dundaâke burnt The battellâ Comeran A blasing star dearth and death The decease of Guie earle of Warwike Croxden Rich. South Anno Reg. 10. The dearth increased The lord Beaumont discomfited Lewes Beaumont taken by sir Gilbert Middleton Caxton Sir Gilbert Middleton proclaimeth himselfe duke Gâucellino and Flisco cardinals Thom. Walsi Fabian Caxton Polydor. The cursse pronounced against the Scots Rich. South A pitifull famine Tho. Wals. Fabian A sore mortalitie of people Iohn fitz Thomas erle of Kildare Croxden Anno Reg. 11. Ri. Southwell Berwike betraied to the Scots Castels woon by the Scots Northalerton and Bourghbridge burnt Anno Reg. 12. Additions to Triuet The king the earle of Lancaster made fréends Rob. Bruce pronounced accursed Hen. Marl. Th. Walsing Continuation of Triuet Murren of cattell Anno Reg. 1â The king goeth to Berwike The Scots come into tââ parts of Yorke Auesburie The discoâââture of Mitton vpon Suale Caxton Polydor. Auesburie Caxton Polydor. The enuie of the lords towards the Spensers Additions to N. Triuet A tenth of the ecclesiasticall liuings granted to the K. Anno. Reg. 54. Caxton Scots eftsoons accursed Rich. South The Scots inuade England Thom. Wals. The chéefe cause of the variance betwixt the lords and the SpeÌsers The lords take armes vpon them against the Spensers They inuade the Spensers lands The king sendeth to the lords The lord Badelismere reuoltââh to the side of the âarons The barons raise the people and came in armes towards the parlement They send to the king Their requests The kings answer Fabian Caxton The ãâã which the ãâã maior of Lâââdon tooke Matt. VVest The Spensers banished by the decrée of the barons Articles wherwith the barons charged the SpeÌsers The king goeth to Canturburie He commeth to talke with the lord chamberlaine The quéene not suffered to lodge in the castell of Léeds The king besiegeth the castell of Léeds The lords came with a power to raise the siege The castell of Léeds yéelded Walter Culpepper executed The lord chaÌberleine yeeldeth himselfe to the law Anno Reg. 15. The king asketh the opinions of the prelats The declaration of the prelats The declaration of the earles The barons againe ãâã armour The lord saint Iohn The lord Tieis Cirencester The K. ãâã to the ãâã of Lancaster The K. âââpeth his Christmasââ at Crikelaââ Earles that came to the king to Erikeland The Scots inuade Northumberland Castels taken by the Welshmen The earle of LaÌcaster writeth to the erle of Hereford The earle of Hereford coÌmeth to ioine with the earle of Lancaster The lord Berkley submitteth himselfe to the K. They appointed to méet at Couentrie Wil. Sutton Killingworth holden against the K. Tikâhil castle besieged Letters intercepted King Arthur a name feined of purpose Record Tur. The king setteth forward towards his enimies He made a proclamation Burton vpon Trent The earle of Surrie Peraduenture at Wichnore The earles of Richmond Penbroke Robert Aquarie The K. passeth by a foord The earles of Lancaster Hereford flée and set fire on the towne The K. commeth to Tutburie Hue and crie Proclamations made for the peace to be kept The lord Damorie departed thââ life Sir Gilbert de Ellesfield sir Robert Helland ãâã themselues to the king The earleââ ãâã Lancasâââââ Hereford came to Pomfrât Rich. Soâââ Sir ãâã Herkley The earle ãâã Hereâord slaine The earle ãâã Lancaster taken ãâã The battell of âorough bridge The castell of Pomâret is rendred to the king The earle of Lancaster arreigned He is found giltie ââ Southwell He is bâheââded Lords executed Auesburie Nic. Triuer Caxton A parlement at Yorke The record touching the banishing of the Spensers reuersed Creation of earls The lord Audelie pardoned Robert Baldocke is made lord chancellour Polydor. The quéene giueth good counsell The kings eldest sonne created prince of Wales Statutes A subsidie Addition to Triuet The earle of Penbroke arrested Fabian Polydor. The Scots inuade the bishoprike of Durham Rich. South Rob. Brucâ inuadeth England Sée more hereof in Scotland Anno Reg. ââ The king goeth into Scotland with an arââ Ri. Southw Merimouâh Rich. South Yorkeswolâ spoiled by the Scots Beuerlie ranâomed The earle of Carleill raiseth an armie Fabian A
coââprophet serued aright Ships of Rie win a good price Iohn de Northaâââââ maioâ oâ Lââdon ãâã punisâââ ãâã âdulterie ãâã ââme The Londoners ãâã of Wicliffes doctrine The fishmoongers sore trââbled by the maior A great earthquake Churches ouerthrowne by the earthquake A waâerquake Anno Reg. 6. The bishop of LondoÌ made lord chancâllor in the lord Scroope his roome A new rebellion intended in Norffolke is bâwraied by one of the cânspiracie before The coÌmissioners of Flanders reiected for want of sufficient authoritie An act against the fishmongers within the citie of London Remission of sins granted to as manie as would fight against Clement the antipape The earle of Cambridge returneth out of Portingale The earle of Cambridge his son affianced to the king of Portingals daughter Clementines Urbanists The crossed souldiers The capteins that weÌt with the bishop of Norwich against the antipape Froissard The statute against fishmongers repealed they are restored to their liberâies The bishop ãâã Norwich setteth forward with his armie Polydor. Froissard 500 speares â 115 other The bishop ãâã Norwich inuadeth Flanders Ia. Meir Dunkirke woon sackââ by the Englishmen The earle of FlaÌders sendeth to the bish of Norwich to know the cause of his inuasion of Flanderâ The herald of armes sent to the Flemings by the bishop of Norwich is slaine Thom. Wals. The order of the bishop of Norwich his battell against the Flemings The Flemings discomfited by the Englishmen Iac. Meir Froissard Tho. Walsi Préests and religious men hardy soldiers Iacob Meir The EnglishmeÌ subdue diuerse towns in Flanders and spoile the countrie The towne of Ypres besiged The maner of fortifieng townes in old time Hope of gaine incourageth the soldier Ia. Meir Anno Reg. 7. The siege at Ypres broken vp Newport sacked and burnt by the Englishmen and Gauntiners Thom. Wals. A couragious warlike bishop The French king with his huge armie driueth the Englishmen out of Flanders Bruckburge yeélded to the French The duke of Britaine a fâiend to the Englishmen Grauelin fortified by the Frenchmen for a countergarison to Calis Thom. Wals. The king quéene in progresse A great heaâ soone cooled The bishop of Norwich returned into England ãâã of Flanders Warke castell burnt by the Scots Diuerse French ships taken by the Englishmen A parlement at London The temporalties of the bishoprâke of Norwich seized into the kings hands for the bishops disobedience A treatie of peace betwéen England and France A truce taken betwéene England and France Tho. Walsin Great contention about the election of the maior of London Sir Robert Knolles The duke of Lancaster inuadeth Scotland with an armie Edenburgh left desolate Great death of horsses and men in the English host by reason of extreme cold A parlement at Salisburie An Irish frier appeacheth the duke of LaÌcaster of treason A miserable cruell torture A rode into Scotland One mischief asketh another Anno Reg. 8. The duke of LaÌcaster sent into France to treat of a peace Iohn de Northampton late maior of London coÌdemned to perpetuall prison and all his goods confiscated A combat The appellant being vanquished is adiudged to be hanged Abraham Fleming out of Henrie Knighton canon of Leicester abbeie Berwike castell woone by the Scots Berwike castell recouered by the earle of Northumberland The duke of Lancaster getteth him to his castell of Pomfret and fortifieth it The princesse of Wales maketh an attonement betwéene the king and the duke at Lancaster The ships of Portâmouth Dartmouth ãâã better seruice than the kings great name ãâã Meir Froissard The French king aideth Scots against Englishmen The Scots inuade the frontiers of England Anno Reg. 9. The K. goeth with an armie against the Scots Uariance betwéene sir Iohn Hollands seruaÌts and the lord Richard Stafford The lord Richard Stafford slaine by sir Iohn Holland Hect. Boetius Edenburgh burnt by king Richard The French admerall persuadeth the Scots to fight with the English host Cumberland sore spoiled by the Scots Carleill assalted by the Scots Good counsell neglected Polydor. A noble reuenge There were 600 Englishmâ who with their bowes did great seruice as by one author it appeareth The king of Portingale sendeth six gallies to K. Richards aid A good victorie of them of Calis against the French fléet Abr. Fl. out of Henrie Knighton canon of Leicester abbeie The Calisians others make a rode into France win great booties Fabian Creation of dukes and earles at the parlement Henrie of Bollingbrooke earle of Derbie afterwards king The lord Mortimer erle of March proclââed heire apparant to the crowne The earle of March ãâã by the wild Irish. The issue of the foresaid earle of March. Froissard The king of Armeniâ coÌmeth into England ãâã aid against the Turks Thom. Wals. Thom. ãâã Froissard Ia. Meir The duke ãâã Lancaster goeth into Spaine ãâã an armie In Angl. praelij Abr. Fl. out of Henrie Knighton canon of Leicester abbeie Thom. Wals. The duke of Lancaster landeth at Brest and winneth two bastidâs from the Frenchmen Anno Reg. 10. The duke of Lancaster landeth at ãâ¦ã Le Groigne Corone Abr. Fl. out of Henrie Knighton canon of Leicester abbeie Philip the dude of Lancasters daughter married to the king of Portingale The king of Portingale the duke of Lancaster ioining their armies togither inuade Castile Uariance amongst writers Great death in the English host in Spaine by reason of the great heat of that countrie Froissard The lord Fitz Walter I thinke that none of these three were barons but onlie the lord Poinings The duke of Lancaster returneth out of Portingale into Gascoigne A marriage concluded betweéne the prince of Spaine and the duke of Lancasters daughter Fabian Ab. Fl. out of Henrie Knighton canon of Leicester abbeie In Angl. ãâã sub Rich. 2. Iacob Meir Froissard A mightie great nauie of French ships at Sluis purposing to inuade EnglaÌd The description of the inclosure Thom. Wals. Tho. Walsi The prouision of the Englishmen to resist the great power of Frenchmen Abr. Fl. out of Henrie Knighton canon of Leicester abbeie The Londoners speciallie afraid of the FreÌch forces Dissention among the noblemen Froissard Tho. Walsin A parlement at London Robert Uéer marquessâ of Dubline created duke of Ireland Richard Exton iustlie coÌmended A subsidie granted and appointed to be spânt according to the discretion of the nobilitie Dissention betweenâ ãâã king anâ ãâã parlement house The duke of Glocester and the bishop of Elie sent to yâ K. at Eltham froÌ the whole bodie of the parlement Their requests to the king And oftenâr ãâã néed require The causes conditions of a parlement Absence of the king from the parlement ãâã the space of â daies The kings answer Wealth of the people is the glorie of the prince and suertie of his reigne Change of officers by the parlement The earle of Suffolke gréeuouslie charged by the parlement house for sundrie offenses Thirtéene lords appointed by parlement
Seuerine besieged * Goche A legat from Rome sent to treat a peace betwixt the English and French A truce for six yeares Chartres taken by treason notwithstanding the truce The two errours A parlement called by the duke of Glocester the king being in France A peace concluded with the Scots King Henrie returneth out of France into England The duchesse of Bedford sister to the duke of Burgognie deceassed The duke of Bedford marieth with the earle of saint Paules daughter The Frenchmen breake the peace and take the town of Saint Ualerie Laignie besieged Anno Reg. ââ The castell of Rone like tâ be taken by treason of the capteine The lord of saint Paule deceassed Anno Reg. ââ Prisoners killed The lord Talbot sââleth into France The lord Talbot Earle of Arundell Louiers besieged Saint Selerine won by assault An insurrection in Normandie The earle of Arundell deceassed The duke of Bourbon dieth at London W. P. Anno Reg A tourne sââprised by eâtrance of a common priuie The ãâ¦ã warre W. P. 14â4 Onuphrius Panâânâââ An. 3. Nichol. 143â A solemne tretie of peace at Arras Abr. Fl. Sil. Ital. lib. 11. * Or rather Goche * Or Goche S. Denis t aken by the Englishmen A peace betwéen Charls of France and the duke of Burgognie Spoile vpon the Burgognian people in London W. P. Anno Reg. 14. The death of the duke of Bedford regent of FraÌce A worthy saieng of a wise prince The duke of Yorke made regent of France Abr. Fl. Sée before pag. 581. The treson of the Parisiens Paris yéelded to the French king The duke seÌt into France too late The duke of Burgonie prepareth an armie against Calis The duke of Burgognie with fortie thousand meÌ Calis besieged by the duke of Burgognie The dukes enterprise to bar yâ hauen The dukes bastile woone The duke of Burgognie breaketh by the siege before Calis and fléeth the 26 of Iulie A gun callââ Digeon The duke of Glocester spoileth Flanders âââland Enguerant The king of Scots fled ârom his siege ãâã Rockesâurgh Anno Reg. 15. A truce taken betwéene the king of England and the duchesse of Burgognie Hall 14â7 Katharine mother to king Henrie maried Owen Teuther Abr. Fl. Quéene Elizabeth * Or rather Goche Harflue besieged and woon by the Englishmen The duke of Summersets infortunatââs Iames king of Scots murthered Abr. Fl. ex Polychr The earle of Warwike made regent of France Anno Reg. 16. The earle of Warwike regent came into France Croitoy bâââeged by the duke of Burgogâe Croitoy rescued 14â8 Anno Reg. 17. Dearth of vittels Abr. Fl. ex Polychr Bread made of ferne roots A seat of a politike capteine wise councellor Two shrewd persuaders Anno Reg. 18. Ponthoise recouered by the English Anno Reg. 19. Eâguerant The duke of Yorke againe made regent of France Ponthoise besieged by the French king but valiantlie defended A policie for a bridge Enguerant de Monstrelleâ Edw. Hall Anno Reg. 20. Ponthoise gotten by the French Enguerant Sir Nicholas Burdet slaine The duke of Orleance deliuered Lewes the twelfe W. P. Earle of saint Paule fréend to the English This should be as Enguerant noteth two yeares after this present yere 19 to ãâã An. 1440. Thrée thousand hath Nicolas Giles The earle of saint Paule reuolteth to the French Tartas besieged The change in warre The lord Talbot The earle of Dunois An excellent finesse in warre Quid. 1. de art A new breach betwéene the duke of Glocester and the bishop of Winchester Ex Ed. Hall 143 144 145 146. Aliâs Iohn ãâã ãâã Fl. King Edward the fourth borne Aâr. Fl. A great fraie by night Abr. Fl. ex âaâian 438. Tailors malepertnesse at the election of an alderman 1442 ânno Reg. 21. Iohn lord Talbot created earle of Shrewesburie Fr. Thin The earle of Arminacks daughter affied vnto king Henrie The erle with his ladie his sonne and two daughters taken Abr. Fl. ex Fabian 441. A law against buâeng and selling on the sundaie Abr. Fl. ex Fabian 441. Polychr Paules stéeple burnt Anno Reg. 22. The diet at Tours for a peace to be had betwéene England and France A truce ãâã â moneths The ãâã misliked ãâã second ãâã of the kings mariage Creations of estates Anno Reg. 23. 1445 Margaret daughter to Reiner K. of Sicill Ierusalem maried to Henrie the sixt Abr. Fl. ex Polychron An âminous mariage Ouid. 2. de arâ Anno Reg. 24. The duke of Summerset made regent of NormaÌdie and the duke of Yorke discharged The duke of Yorke appointed to the charge againe The appointmeÌt disappointed and pointed to the marquesse of Suffolke The marques of Suffolks request Thâ marques of Suffolke chéefest in fauour and authoritie with the king and quéene A commotion in Norwich The libeâtââs of Norwich seized intâ ãâã kings hands Indirect meanes to reforme wrongs Abr. Fl. ex Fabian 343. Polychron Combats in cases of appeales touching treason Drunkennesse the ouerthrow of right and manhood Anno Reg. 25. The description of the quéene The quéâââ taketh ãâã hir the gouernement and dischargeth the ãâã of Glocesteâ The faint quarell piked to the duke of Glocester A parlement at saint Edmândesburie The duke of Glocester suddenlie murthered Edâ Hall A pardon at a pinch Dukes of Glocester ââfortunate W. P. Anno Reg. â6 Marquesse of Suffolke made duke The duke of Yorke tempering about his title to the crowne The death of the bishop of Winchester his descriptioÌ W. P. Lib. 23. Bale WilliaÌ Wâââfleet bishop ãâã Winchester lord chancellor of England founder of Magdelââ college in Oxford An. Dom 44â Malmesbâââe Abr. Fl. et Fabian 447. A combat vpon triall of manhood betwéene a French and an Englishman The compassion of the Englishman to his eniâââ Anno Reg. ââ Sir Francis Suriennes Fougiers PoÌt de Larch taken by the FreÌchmen by a subtill sleight The warres renewed befor the end of the truce A rebellion in Ireland The English loose all in France Rone yeélded to the French men Harflue besieged Sir Thomas Curson Harflue yéelded to the French Anno Reg. 28. Sir Thomas Kiriell with a new band into France The English men ouerthrowne at Formignie * Or rather Goche Caen besieged and yéelded to the French The irreconciliable hate betwéene the two dukes * Goche All Normandie lost The state of it The causes of the losse The mortell mischéefe of malice and diuision ând realme Anno Reg 2â W. P. The commoÌs ãâã against the duke of Suffolke The parlemeÌt adiourned froÌ London to Leicester and from thence to Westminster Edw. Hâll The duke of Suffolke coÌmitted to the Tower Blewbeard capteine of the rebels The wretched death of the duke of Suffolke Iacke Cades rebellion in Kent Abr. Fl. eâ I. S. 653. Abr. Fl. ex ãâã 654 655 6â6 657 c. King Henrie went against the Kentishmen with a great power The Staffords slaine at Senocke by Iacke Cade The lord Saie beheaded at the staÌdard in Cheââ *
Frieries suppressed Bloud of Hales shewed at Pauls crosse Anabaptists The lord marques executed Sir Nicholas Carew executed Creation of new officers Bulworks blockhouses builded Anno Reg. 31 A parlement Attaindors Execution The statute of the six articles An inquest of inquirie The extreme procéeding in execution of the six articles Prouision for defense of the realme Preparation in London for a muster to be made and shewed before the king The wiflers The minstrels Euerie alderman with his ward in order oâ battell The order of the Londoners in their musters The king taketh view of the Londoners in their musters The number of Londoners in this muster Iohn Stow. Uicar of Wandsworth and other executed Clerkenwell and other suppressed The Palsgraue other strangers come ouer into England The mariage concluded betwixt king Henrie the ladie Anne Cleue I. Stow pag. 1016. Thom. Huntlow his charitie Pensioners instituted Ladie Anne of Cleue is receiued into Calis She landeth in Kent The king commeth to see hir at Rochester The order of receiuing hir on Blackeheath The ladies that receiued hir on Black-heath The kings maiestie on horssebacke Who followed the king The méeting of the king the ladie Anne of Cleue on Blackeheath The kings trumpets and the ladie Anne of Cléeues The king and the ladie Anne ride togither Hir chariot wherein she rode all hir iourneie The king welcommeth hir to Greenwich The mariage is solemnized betwixt king Henrie the ladie Anne of Cleue Iusts and tornements The king and the ladie Anne remooue to Westminster The duke of Norffolke ambassador into France S. Marie Oueries made a parish church Iohn Stow. Erle of Essex deceassed Earle of Oxford deceassed Priests at Calis executed D. Barnes Sir Iohn Shelton sir Nicholas Hare sir Humfreie Browne fraudulent lawiers punished Aduancâment of Thomas Cromwell Sir Iohn Dudleie ouerthrowne ââârnieng Bârriârs The order of the Rhodes dissolued I S. pag 1019. Saint Iohns in Smithfield suppressed The bishop of Chichester doctor Wilson committed to the Tower Abr. Fle. ex Ed. Hal. Ccxlij The lord Cromwell committed to the Tower Sée Iohn Fox in the Acts Monuments A description of the birth of Thomas Cromwell and other circumstances Thomas Cromwell in most authoritie vnder the king Iohn Fox in the Acts and Monuments Friscobald an Italian sée Iohn Fox in the Acts and Monuments The mariage betwixt the king and the ladie Anne of Cleue adiudged vnlawful The lord Lâââonard Grâââ committed the Tower The prince ãâã Salerne The lord Hungerford executed for buggerie Execution of Barnes and others Thomas Empson ãâã obstinate moonke Execution ãâã treason Pââlots cause ãâã murââârs â death and ãâã ââought I. ãâã A Castell built ãâã Ard. Guisnes fortified The earles of Surrie and Southamton sent to Calis Richard Mekins burnt Sée Iohn Fox in the Acts Monuments Anno Reg. 33. A new rebellion practised in Yorkshire Sir Iohn Neuill executed The countesse of Salisburie beheaded Execution of two of the gard Abr. Fl. ex I. S pag. 1020. Sir Edmund Kneuet arreigned for striking in the court The order of euerie officer about that execution Iudgement vpon Kneuet to lose his hand He is pardoned The lord Leonard Greie beheaded The true report of the cause wherevpon the murther of Iohn Busbrig insued The lord Dacres arreigned before the lord Audleie Lord Dacres executed at Tiburne The king ââeth in progresse into Yorkeshâre Gifts giueâ to him by them of Lincolneshire Gifts giuen him by them of Yorkeshire Hull fortifieâ Diram and Culpeper quéene Katharins paramours At Lincolne saith Hall in August wher she gaue to him a rich cap and a chaine Quéene Katharine detested of incontinent liuing Culpeper and Diram executed Attaindors A parlement The petitioÌs of the lords commons of the parlement iâ the king The quéene and other attainted by parlement The quéenâ sent to the towre She is beheaded The king proclamed king of Ireland The occasion of sir Arthur Plantagenets trouble The lord Lisle dieth thorough immoderate ioy George Ferrers a burges of the parlement arrested and what mischiefe insued The shiriffes and officers denie the deliuerie of the burgesse The speaker of the parlement declareth all the matter to the lords The shiriffes deliuer the burgesse and are charged to appéere before the speaker The shiriffes committed to the Tower An act passeth for George Ferrers Priuilege of a burgesse of the parlement or of anie seruant to such like officers belonging The king counted it presumption to arrest the burgesse Sir Edward Montacute lord chiefe iustice Anno Reg. 34. A lone Submission of the Irish nobilitie The causâs of the wars betwixt England Scotland The wilfull obstinatnesse of the Scotish coÌmissioners Iames Leirmouth King Henrie forced to take armes against the Scots The double dealing of the Scots in the negotiation about an agréement The English armie entreth into Scotland The earle of Southamptons standard An armie of Scots inuade England The error of the Scots The Scots flie Scotish lords taken at Solem Mosse The number of prisoners and ãâã taken The death of the king of Scotland Foure and twentie hath Hall Scots prisoners brought to London The Scots prisoners before the councel in the Sâaâ chamber A motion of a marriage betweene prince Edward and the yong Scotish queene The Scots depart into their owne countrie The munifâcense of king Henrie to the earle of Angus Archbishop of S. Andrew deadlie enimie to K. Henrie The earle of Arraine Sir Robert Bowes deliuered Ambassadors from Scotland A dearth A necessarie wholsome ordinance for moderation in diet Anno. Reg. 35. A league betwixt the king of England and the emperour Abr. Fl. ex I. S. pag. 1016. Whit meats licenced to be eaten in Lent and noble men punished for breaking the law Summerset an herald killed the offendor dieth as a traitor First iron péeces cast Creations of earles and barons The king marieth the ladie Katharine Par. Corporations fraternities coÌmunalties paid more as well of their lands as goods as appeareth by the statute Articles demanded of the French king Landerseie besieged The French king commeth to the rescue of Landerseie The French king retireth backe with his armie The emperor breaketh vp his campe A great death in London I. Stow pag. 1â27 Ambassadors from the emperour The lord Par created earle of Essex The lord Wriothesleie Abr. Fl. ex I S. pag. 1027 Foure Eâlipses Germaine Gardner and other executed I Stow 1005. Charitable déeds of sir Iohn Allen. Shiriffes put awaie their officers The earle of Hertford lieutenant of the north The lord admerall Dudleie setteth foorth from London towards Scotland Anno Reg. 36. The armie setteth forward by sea towards Scotland The number of the English armie The English armie landeth in Scoâland The Scots offer to impeach the Englishmens passage The Scots flie to Edenburgh The English armie entreth into Lith The prouost of Edenburghs request The earle of Hertfords answer Sir Christopher Morice Edenburgh entered by
the Lords ãâã Reseruation of the lords bodie conseââated Holie bread and holie water The single ãâã of priests The six articles to be renewed The capteins appointed to go against the Deuonshire rebels Strangers Ric. Grafton A proclamation Hââ epist. lib. â Disorder in subiects Abusing of the kings name False causes Baptisme Sacrament of the bodie c. Disobedience to a kingâs disobedience to almightie God Seruice in ãâã English ãâã knowledge is ãâã than ãâã The masse Confirmation ãâã children Six articles The authoritie of a parlement A godlie and princelie admonition False rumors Har. in ãâã lib. 1. The rebels put from their ground Iohn Fox The capteins of the rebels taken Sir Anthonie Kingston prouost marshall The maior of ãâã hanged A millers man hanged for his maister This was a hard procéeding though the partie had beene noâânt Abr. Fl. introduction into the next narration being a new addition ãâã this rebellion The addition following being a large discourse was neuer heretofore published Dumnonia the countrie of vallies Deuonia Deuonshire Corinia Baleus lib. 1. Centuriarum Lelandus in Genethliaco Penhulgoile Pennehaltecaire Pen necaire the chéefe citie Caireruth the red citie Caireiske the citie of Exe. Houeden Ptolomeus in âabulis Baleus centur lib. New lords new names Monketon ãâ¦ã âibro Polydorus hist. lib. 5. Exeter Baleusceâââ ãâã lib. in ãâã descriptiââ Excesâer Exâancestre Caire a fort Cestre a fort The site of Excester and circuit The citie is full of water springs The rebels breake and spoile the pipes oâ lead for waters The conduits for water Saint Peters conduit The great conduit Castell Rugemont The site of the castell The castâll builded by the Romans The riuer of Eâe Eâe riseth in Exmoore The hauen of Excester The decaie of the hauen of Excester Hugh Courtnâie the first âestroier of the ãâã Edward Courtneie Sundrie inquisitions and iuries taken against the earles of Deuon for destroieng of the hauen A keie first builded at Topesham The merchants compelled to lade and vnlade at Topesham keie The hauen is recouered and renewed againe A keie and a crane builded at Excester The parish churches first limited in Excester A monasterie of saint Benets order builded in Excester King Etheldred the first founder of the monasterie King Edgar founder of a religious house in Excester The cathedrall church was first a monasterie and founded by king Atheistane Chronica ecclesiea King Canutus confirmeth the priuileges of the monasteries K. Edward the confessor remooued the moonks vnto Westminster and made this a cathedrall church Leofricus the first bishop of Excester Polyd. hist. li. 19 Chronica chronicorum lib. 7. The charter of the church The conââeror confirmeth the charters of the church and inlargeth the possessions of it The cathâdrall church was foure hundred yeres in building S. Peters conduit The inhabitants of this citie The gouernment of this citie Portegreues Prouostres Maiâr or Meregreue The maiors ãâã The prouost ãâã The good inclination and ââââfulness of the citizens Claudius âeâo the emperor sendeth Uespasian into Britaine Uespasian âandeth in Torrebââe and lateth ââge to this ãâã King Aruiragus rescueth this citie and âncountereth the enemie ãâã ecclesiâ ãâã Flores historiarâm Noua historia Flores historiarum Penda king of Mertia Edwin king of Northumberland King Cadwallo is driuen to flée into Ireland Pellitus a witch droth foretell to king Edwin of things to come King Cadwallo âaâleth into Armorica Brienus the kings nephue is sent to kill Pellitus Brienus killeth Pellitus King Penda besiegeth Excester Polyd. lib. 5 The Danes are ouerthrowne and their capteins are slaine Neus ãâã Flores histâriarum The battell at Pinnehâ Houeden King Sweno inuadeth and spoileth the land Hugh earle of Deuon as a false maÌ to his countrie dooth betraie the citie King Sweno by the trecherie of the earle of Deuon besiegeth the citie kâng Eldred ãâ¦ã his ãâã The stoutnes ând courage of the citizens king Sweno entereth and âaketh the ãâã vtterlie destroieth it ãâã Malm. ãâã Coât Hen. Hunt Houeden William the Conqueror besiegeth the ãâã A league betwéene the gentlemen the citizens to resist the Conquerour The records of the citie Houeden Polychron li. 7 Githa king Harolds mother laie in the citie during the siege and secretlie fleeth awaie into Flanders Baldwin Rideuers earle of Deuon entred into this citie and resisteth against king Stephan Baldwin the earle is taken and banished Q. Mawd is friendlie to the citie Polydor. li. 20. The marques of Dublin and the earle of Suffolke come to Exon and are pursued by the dukes of York and Glocester The duches of ClareÌce with others commeth to Exon being great with child lieth in the bishops palace Sir Hugh Courtneie laieth siege to the citie The maior is required to deliuer the keies of the citie and refuseth so to doo The maior and citizens doo fortifie the citie The siege raised and the citie deliuered The duke of Clarence and the Earle of Warwike came from Edgecourt field to this citie and from hence to Dartmouth Perkin Waâbecke commeth to Excester and bâsiegeth it The earle of Deuon sent to rescue the citie and iâ hurt The rebellion or commotioâ in Deuon The rebellion first began at Sampford Courtneie The cause of this rebellion was for religion The want of preaching was the cause of the rebellion Underhill and Segar ãâã first captains of the rebellion The priest was compâlled bâcause he would be compelled saie âasse The iustices ãâã to Sampford and doo no good These gentlemen were afraid of their âwne shadowes Sir Peter Carew and sir Gawen Carew sent into Deuon The iusticiaries doo assemble all at Excester Sir Peter Carew by the aduise of the iustices rideth to Kirton The people at Kirton doo arme themselues rampire vp the waies The barns at the townes end at Kirton are set on fire An assemblie of the people at Clift Marie or bishops Clift A cause whie they rose at bishops Clift The towne ãâã Clift is fortified and the bridge rampired Walter Raleigh esquier in danger of the rebelles Sir Peter Carew and others ride to Clift Sir Peter Carew like to be slaine The conference of the gentleman with the commons at ãâã ãâã towards among the serving-men This man âas named Richard Carwithian ââruant to sir Peter ãâã The agréement offered by the commoâers The gentlemen depart asunder and euerie man shifteth for himselfe The high waies are stopped and intrenched Sundrie gentlemen taken and imprisoned A few gentlemen taried in the citie Sir Peter Carew rideth to the lord Russell being at George Henton Sir Peter Carew rideth to the court aduertised the king councell The king grieued to heare of the commotion The determined conquest of Scotland was hindered by the rebellion The king vseth all gentle persuasions to reduce the commoners to conformitie The first and chiefe capteins of the rebellion The rebels send to the maior of the citie to ioine with them The maior citizens refuse to
240. Gentlemen sent into Kent to be executed Execution Ladie Elizabeth and lord Courtneie prisoners in the tower Abr. Fl. ex Ioh. Foâi maâtyrologio A point of practise of StephaÌ Garâdiner against the ladie Elizabeth Doctor Westââ against the lââdie Elizabetâ The lord maiors iudgmeââ of D. Westââ SââphaÌ ãâã tale in ãâã Star-chamber against the ladie Elizabeth The Lord âhandois ãâã report in the Star-chamber against the ladie Elizabeth and lord Courtneie A parlement summoned at Oxford but noâ holden All nations in the world against the mariage of the sun and why Iohn Stow. A cat hanged in cheape The bishops Cranmer Latimer and Ridleie sent to Oxford Commissioners Io. Fox in acts and monuments Sir Thomas Wiat arreigned The effect of Wiats indictment Wiat answereth not directlie to the question guiltie or vnguiltie A rebels report touching rebellion Wiats exhortation to loialtie by his owne example Wiat altereth his mind touching the quéenes mariage The fruits of rebellion by Wiats confession The quéenes attornie speaketh to Wiat. Wiats ãâã to the quéenes attorneie The iudge speaketh Sir Edward Hastings spéech to Wiat. Maister Corâell late maister of the ãâã speaketh William Thomas meanâ to murther quéene Marie Wiats confession Wiat is sorie that he refused the quéens pardon when it was offred The execution of sir Thomas Wiat. Sir Nicholas Throckmorton arreigned of high treason cleéreth himselfe The names of the commissioners The quéenes learned counsell gaue euidence against the prisoner Sendall Throckmorton Bromleie Throckmorton Hare Throckmorton Bromleie Throckmorton Bromleie Shrewesburie Throckmorton Southwell Throckmorton Sendall Throckmorton Bromleie Throckmorton Then the iurie was called Throckmorton Cholmeleie Throckmorton Throckmorton Sâanford Throckmortân Stanford Throckmorton Stanford Throckmorton Winters confession read by Stanford Stanford Throckmorton Bromleie Throckmorton Stanford Throckmorton Attourneâe Throckmorton Hare Throckmorton Hare Throckmorton Stanford Throckmorton Stanford Throckmorton Dier Throckmorton Attourneie Throckmorton Stanford Uaughans confession was read by Stanford Stanford Southwell Throckmorton Hare Throckmorton Stanford Throckmorton Bromleie Attournie Throckmorton Attournie Throckmorton Southwell Hare Throckmorton Stanford Stanford Dier Throckmorton The atturnie Attourneie Throckmorton The atturnie Throckmorton Hare Throckmorton Southwell Throckmorton Stanford Bromleie Southwell Throckmorton Hare Throckmorton Southwell Throckmorton Bromleie Throckmorton Stanford Throckmorton Hare Throckmorton Bromleie Hare Cholmleie The atturnie Bromleie Throckmorton Bromleie Stanford Throckmorton Bromleie Throckmorton The atturnie Cholmleie Hare Throckmorton Bromleie Throckmorton Hare Throckmorton Bromleie The attornie Throckmorton Stanford Bromleie Throckmorton Happie for Throckmorton that those statutes stood then repealed Stanford Hare Throckmorton Bromleie Throckmorton Sâanford Throckmorton Southwell The attornie Throckmorton The attornie Throckmorton The attornie Bromleie ãâã Throckmorton Bromleie Throckmorton Bromleie Throckmorton Pirtman Sanders Throckmorton Stanford Hare Throckmorton Bromleie Throckmorton Hare Throckmorton Englefiâld Bromleie Throckmorton Stanford Hare Throckmorton The attârnie Throckmorton âââdall Throckmorton Sendall Throckmorton Throckmorton Sendall Throckmorton Sendall Iurie Sendall Whetston Sendall Whetston Throckmorton Bromleie Iurie Bromleie Whetston Bromleie Throckmorton Throckmorton Bromleie Throckmorton The atturnie Whetston The lord Tho. Greie beheaded William Thomas arreigned condemned The ladie Elisabeth ââliuered out of the tower Sir Henrie Beningfield knight * Elisabetha Rich. Grafâon Quéene Elisabeths words to Beningfield hir butcherlie kéeker in the time of hir durance A gun shot as the preacher Sée before pag. 1102. Anno Reg. 2. The lord Iohn Greie arreigned pardoned and released Abr. Fl. ex I. Stow. 109â A spirit in a wall without Aldersgate doth penaÌce at Paules crosse for abusing the people c. The prince of Spaine preparation to ãâã into England The Englââh ambassadors meet him ãâã S. Iames ãâã CoÌpostâlla The arriuall of the prince of Spaine in SâuthamptoÌ ãâã is receiued ãâã the nobilitie ãâã lords ãâã commeth ãâã Winchester ãâã the ãâã was ãâã of ãâã to ãâã him The quéens lodging in the bishops palace The mariage solemnized and what states of Italie Spaine were present at it The names of the noble men that came ouer from Spaine with the prince He to be intituled king during the matrimonie c. She to be intituled to his dominions during the mariage Hir dowrie if she suruiued him Touching the issue of hir bodie male or female Touching the prince of Spaines disposing of his lands after his decease Touching the lord Charles and his descendents if heire male came by this mariage What is to be doone if heire male faile and there be none but issue female What for want of issâe by the lord Charles A prouiso touching succession Touching a perpetuall league or ãâã of fraternitie c. No stranger to be admitteâ to anie office c in England Englishmen to attend at the court The state in no point to ãâã innouated The quéene not to be conueied out of hir owne territories The prince ãâã Spaines ãâã to end with the quéenes death The iewels c of the ãâã not to be carried out ãâã vsurped c. ãâã ships ãâã ordiââânce c to be ãâ¦ã c out of the land Peace to be ãâã in ãâã realme without ãâã in other ãâ¦ã warres The empeââs gift to the prince his ãâã The title of ãâã belongââg both to Pâilip and Marie proclamed by the ãâã ãâã Fox in ãâã Acts and âânuments These verses are answered in master Fox by the lerned King Philip stalled at Windsor Iohn Fox A generall hunting The king and quéene come through London to Westminster Abr. Fl. ex Ioh. Foxi martyrologiâ Uaine pageants of London Winchester cannot abide the booke called Verbum Dei The painter sent for to the bishop of Winchester The painters answer Fiue Philips The erecting vp of the rood at Paules Bishop Boners god the rood of Pauls set vp with Te Deum Salutation to the rood of Paules A proclamation for the auoiding of maisterlesse men out of thâ citie of London Death of the Duke of Norâfolke A Spaniard hanged Iohn Stow. Eight of master Throckmortons ãâã appéere in thâ starchamber The hard iudgement ãâã the lords against those eight honest men The L. ãâã Greie set at libertie Further ãâã mine ãâã Throckmoâtons ãâã Iohn Fox A parlement whereat the king quéene ât present Cardinall Poole arriâeth at Douer An act for the restitution in ãâã of cardinall Poole Cardinall Poole coÌmeth ãâã the parlement house The words of the bishop of Winchester ãâã lord chancellor ãâã Grafton The effect of the cardinals ââââmblie in the ãâã of parlement He sheweth the speciall cause oâ his comming into England He exhorteth to a generall returne into the bosome of the church He declareth how wonderfullie god had preserued Q. Marie He exhorteth to obedience and treateth of restoring this realme to the vnitie of the church He protesteth that he ment the preiudice of no man c. He sheweth the meanes of procuring the foresaid reconciliation This supplication was exhibited to the king and quéene Promise in signe of repentance
the same citie on horssebacke in a verie great number Then afterwards he sent earles and barons a great manie to the same end then his two vncles last of all went the king himselfe to meet him and saluting him called him by the name of The most worthie warrior of all christendome the inuincible woorthinesse of the king onelie excepted And the duke had seauentéene daies by couenant to compasse this treatie of peace at last he returned hauing attendant vpon him in his traine the bishop of Durham and the sonne of the duke of Yorke the earle of Rutland with a thousand horssemen set foorth in a woonderfull sumptuous sort with goodlie furniture ¶ Also conditionallie a whole tenth and a whole fiftéenth were granted to him if it chanced that he made anie iournie that yeare against the Scots ¶ In this yeare the duke of Gelderland sent to the king of England letters of commendation praise wherein also were prouocations and stirrings vp to warre and warlike actiuitie and to the exercise of kinglie noblenesse the tenor whereof followeth The tenor of the said dukes letter to king Richard MAgnifice princeps innata vobis probitas prudentum consilia vt opinamur simul agerent in officium quòd singula haereditaria iura quae ex natalitio vestram magnificant regiam maiestatem temporibus vestrae discretionis altissima prouidentia munirentur illaesa etsi quaeuis oppugnaret violentia clypeo militari studeat regalis industria fortiter defendere sua iura Et quòd vestram regiam personam coÌtingamus in affinitate ni vetet Deus ipse quin semper parati erimus vobis in vestris iuribus defendendis assistere cum duobus milibus lancearuÌ quando quotiens disponemini ad bellica conuolare Nec perire debeant iura propter verba aut prâmissa quomodolibet ad hoc laborat versutia Gallicorum Sanè serenissime princeps in orbem volat fama nec ambigitur quòd propter lanam innumerabilia vestra singularia commoda sine quibus non viuit oriens neque auster regna singula in pecunijs vos salutant In comparatione igitur ad alios reges vobis confert Deus ipse diuitias centuplatas Probitas etiam militaris arcuum asperitas line 10 sine pari taliter huc vsque extulere gentem magnanimam occidentis quòd timor non paruus vestros inuadit aduersarios ad hunc diem impariter victoriosè dimicauit cum Gallicis Angliae gens austera In pusillanimitate igitur potenâissime princeps contra naturam non obdormiat cor leonis sed quales vobis contulit vires natura ipsas applicare dignemini actibus bellicosis in defensionem reipublicae iuris haereditarij sustentationem line 20 augmentúmque meriti incomparabiliter chronicabilem probitatem cordis magnanimi tanti regis The same letter in plaine phrase verbatim Englished by A. F. MOst mightie prince your roiall prowesse and the counsels of the line 30 sage should altogither as we thinke moue you in dutie by the most profound deepe foresight of your discretion in time to mainteine and defend all and singular your rights inheritance vnharmed which by birth doo magnifie and make great your roiall maiestie and if anie violence whatsoeuer gainstand assault the same your kinglie diligence should indeuor with the shield of a warrior valiantlie to defend your title line 40 and right And bicause we are neere you doo as it were touch your roiall person in aliance vnlesse God himselfe doo forbid and hinder vs we will alwaies be readie in all your rights to assist and aid you with two thousand pikes when and how often soeuer you shall be disposed to rush out to battell Your right ought not to be lost for words and promises howsoeuer the craftinesse of the French labor to this purpose line 50 Trulie most excellent prince your renowme doth flie into the world neither is it doubted but for your wooll sake and other your singular commodities being innumerable without the which the east and the south can not liue all realmes with their coines doo greet you In comparison therefore of other kings God himselfe hath bestowed vpon you riches a hundred fold Your warlike prowesse also the roughnesse line 60 of your bowes being peerelesse haue hitherto so extolled the couragious nation of the west that no small feare dooth inuade your aduersaries and to this day the sterne people of England haue none like them victoriouslie incountered with the French Therefore ô most puissant prince let not the hart of a lion sleepe in cowardlinesse against nature but what force and valiantnesse nature hath giuen you the same vouchsafe to put in practise with feats of armes in defense of your common wealth the maintenance of your right by inheritance the increase of your desert and the peerelesse prowesse of so great a kings couragious hart right worthie to be chronicled The price of corne that had continued at an high rate almost for the space of two yeares began to fall immediatlie after haruest was got in to the great reliefe of the poore which before through immoderate eating of nuts and apples fell into the disease called the flix whereof manie died and suerlie as was thought the death and dearth had beene greater if the commendable diligence of the lord maior of London had not béene in relieuing the commons by such prouision as he made for corne to be brought to London from the parties of beyond the seas where otherwise neither had the countrie béene able in anie thing to haue sufficed the citie nor the citie the countrie H. Knighton referreth this scarsitie to the yeare 1390 and maketh a large discourse both of the miseries which it brought with it as also of the cause whereby it was procured and of the notable meanes whereby the same in most places was remedied In this yeare saith he was a great dearth in all parts of England and this dearth or scarsitie of corne began vnder the sickle and lasted till the feast of saint Peter ad vincula to wit till the time of new corne This scarsitie did greatlie oppresse the people and chieflie the commoners of the poorer sort For a man might sée infants and children in stréets and houses through hunger howling crieng and crauing bread whose mothers had it not God wot to breake vnto them But yet there was such plentie and abundance of manie yeares before that it was thought and spoken of manie housekéepers and husbandmen that if the séed were not sowen in the ground which was hoordâd vp and stored in barnes lofts and garners there would be inough to find and susteine all the people by the space of fiue yeares following But the cause of this penurie was thought to be the want of monie in a great manie For monie in these daies was verie scant and the principall cause hereof was for that the wooll of the land lay a
sléepe and hoong heauie in some mens hands by the space of two yeares and in others thrée yeares without a chapman For it was enacted in a certeine parlement that the merchants of England should not passe out of the land with wooll and other merchandize but should bring the same vnto twelue places within the realme appointed for the same purpose that the merchants strangers might haue recourse thither with their commodities and so by exchange should transport our merchandize for theirs By meanes whereof the merchants of England did forbeare to buy wooll and other wares vntill the next parlement insuing wherein it was granted them to traffike whither they would with their commodities In these daies wooll was dogcheape for one stone of good wooll of the chosen and piked sort was sold for thrée shillings and in Leicester and Kent at some times for two shillings or two and twentie pence This scarsitie of victuals was of greatest force in Leicester shire in the middle parts of the realme And although it was a great want yet was not the price of corne out of reason For a quarter of wheat when it was at the highest was sold at Leiceister for 16 shillings 8 pence at one time and at other times for a marke or fourteene shillings at London and other places of the land a quarter of wheat was sold for ten shillings or for litle more or lesse For there arriued eleuen ships laden with great plentie of victuals at diuerse places of the land for the reliefe of the people Besides this the citizens of London laid out two thousand marks to buy food out of the common chest of orphans and the foure and twentie aldermen euerie of them put in his twentie pound a peece for necessarie prouision for feare of famine likelie to fall vpon the citie And they laid vp their store in sundrie of the fittest and most conuenient places they could choose that the néedie and such as were wroong with want might come buy at a certeine price so much as might suffice them and their familie and they which had not readie monie to paie downe presentlie in hand their word and credit was taken for a yeares space next following and their turne serued Thus was prouision made that people should be relieued and that none might perish for line 10 hunger On Christmasse day a dolphin that came foorth of the sea vp the Thames vnto London-bridge was espied of the citizens as he plaied in the water and being followed pursued with much adoo was taken He was ten foot long and a monstrous growne fish so as the sight of him was strange to manie that beheld him He was thought by his comming so farre into the landward to foreshew such stormes and tempests line 20 as within a wéeke after did raginglie follow Ye haue heard how the matter for a treatie of peace had béene first broched by the French king year 1392 by sending ambassadors to the king of England to mooue the same Which motion being throughlie considered of the estates assembled in this last parlement it was decréed that it should go forward as before ye haue heard and so about Candelmasse the lord Thomas Persie sir Lewes Clifford and sir Robert Briquet with diuerse other in their companie were sent ouer to the French king and comming to line 30 Paris found him lodgd in his house of Loure where they declared to him the good affection of the king their maister toward peace And the better to bring it to passe they shewed that king Richards desire was to haue some place and time appointed for commissioners to méet with authoritie to treat and conclude vpon articles as should be thought expedient The French king greatlie honored these ambassadors in feasting and banketting them for the space of six daies togither and for answer concluded with line 40 them that he himselfe with his vncles and other of his councell would be at Amiens by the middest of March next insuing there to abide the king of Englands comming and his vncles if it should please them thither to come The English ambassadors said there was no doubt but that either the king himselfe or his vncles shuld be there at the day assigned with full authoritie to conclude anie agréement that should seeme reasonable line 50 and so those ambassadors returned with great gifts presented on the kings behalfe to ech of them sir Robert Briquet excepted vnto whome it séemed the French king bare no great good will for that being a Frenchman borne he had euer serued the Nauarrois or Englishmen and was now one of king Richards priuie chamber The king of England as some write was once minded to haue passed the seas himselfe to haue met the French king at Amiens at the time appointed but finallie the duke of Lancaster line 60 the bishop of Durham and others were sent thither with a traine néere hand of a thousand horsses At their comming into France they were roiallie receiued for the French king had made no lesse preparation for the duke of Lancasters comming than if he had béene emperor The duke of Lancaster verelie was estéemed to be a verie mightie prince and one of the wisest and sagest princes in all christendome in those daies so that it séemed the French king reioised greatlie that he might come to haue conference with him There were with the French king héere at Amiens his brother the duke of Thoureigne his vncles the dukes of Berrie Burbon and Burgognie a great number of earles lords and other nobles of the realme of France Before the Englishmens comming for auoiding of strife and debate that might arise betwixt the English and French a proclamation was set foorth conteining certeine articles for the demeanor which the French men should obserue towards the Englishmen Whilest they there remained all the Englishmens charges were borne by the French king from their setting foorth from Calis till they came backe thither againe As touching their treatie manie things were proponed diuerse demands made and some offers though to small purpose for they tooke not effect insomuch as they departed without concluding anie thing further than that the âruce which was to end at Midsummer next was prolonged to continue one yéere more that in the meane time the lords and estates of the realme of England might assemble and with good aduise deliberate whether it were more expedient to agrée vnto a determinate peace or to pursue the doubtfull chances of warre And such was the end of that roiall ambassage to the furnishing foorth whereof the king demanded an aid as well of the abbats and priors as of the cities and good townes through the whole realme Anon after the returne of the duke of Lancaster and other the ambassadors that had béene at Amiens a councell of the lords and chiefe states of the realme was called at Stamford the which as if it had béene vnto
duke and with the archbishop of Canturburie his cousins And further he desired to haue a bill drawne of the said resignation that he might be perfect in the rehearsall thereof After which bill drawne and a copie thereof to him by me the said earle deliuered we the said lords and other departed and vpon the same afternoone the king looking for the comming of the duke of Lancaster at the last the said duke with the archbishop of Canturburie and the persons afore recited entered the foresaid line 10 chamber bringing with them the lords Roos Aburgenie and Willoughbie with diuerse other Where after due obeisance doone by them vnto the king he familiarlie and with a glad countenance as to them and vs appeered talked with the said archbishop and duke a good season and that communication finished the king with glad countenance in presence of vs and the line 20 other aboue rehearsed said openlie that he was readie to renounce and resigne all his kinglie maiestie in maner and forme as he before had promised And although he had and might sufficientlie haue declared his renouncement by the reading of an other meane person yet for the more suertie of the matter and for that the said resignation should haue his full force and strength line 30 himselfe therefore read the scroll of resignation in maner and forme as followeth The tenor of the instrument whereby king Richard resigneth the crowne to the duke of Lancaster IN the name of God Amen I Richard by the grace of God king of England and of France c lord of line 40 Ireland acquit and assoile all archbishops bishops and other prelats secular or religious of what dignitie degree state or condition so euer they be and also all dukes marquesses earles barons lords and all my liege men both spirituall and secular of what manner or degree they be from their oth of fealtie and homage and all other deeds and priuileges made vnto me and from all manner bonds of line 50 allegiance regalitie and lordship in which they were or be bounden to me or anie otherwise constreined and them their heires and successors for euermore from the same bonds and oths I release deliuer and acquit and set them for free dissolued and acquit and to be harmelesse for as much as longeth to my person by anie manner waie or title of right that to me might follow of the foresaid things or anie of line 60 them And also I resigne all my kinglie dignitie maiestie and crowne with all the lordships power and priuileges to the foresaid kinglie dignitie and crowne belonging and all other lordships and possessions to me in anie maner of wise perteining of what name title qualitie or condition soeuer they be except thâ lands and possessions for me and mine obits purchased and bought And I renounce all right and all maner of title of possession which I euer had or haue in the same lordships and possessions or anie of them with anie manner of rights belonging or apperteining vnto anie part of them And also the rule and gouernance of the same kingdome and lordships with all ministrations of the same and all things and euerie each of them that to the whole empire and iurisdictions of the same belongeth of right or in anie wise may belong And also I renounce the name worship and regaltie and kinglie highnesse clearelie freelie singularlie and wholie in the most best maner and forme that I may and with deed and word I leaue off and resigne them and go from them for euermore sauing alwaies to my successors kings of England all the rights priuileges and appurtenances to the said kingdome and lordships abouesaid belonging and apperteining For well I wote and knowledge and deeme my selfe to be and haue beene insufficient and vnable and also vnprofitable and for my open deserts not vnworthie to be put downe And I sweare vpon the holie euangelists here presentlie with my hands touched that I shall neuer repugne to this resignation demission or yeelding vp nor neuer impugne them in anie maner by word or deed by my selfe nor none other nor I shall not suffer it to be impugned in as much as in me is priuilie or apertlie But I shall haue hold and keepe this renouncing demission and giuing vp for firme and stable for euermore in all and euerie part thereof so God me helpe and all saints and by this holie euangelist by me bodilie touched and kissed And for more record of the same here openlie I subscribe and signe this present resignation with mine owne hand Now foorthwith in our presences and others he subscribed the same and after deliuered it vnto the archbishop of Canturburie saieng that if it were in his power or at his assignement he would that the duke of Lancaster there present should be his successour and king after him And in token heereof he tooke a ring of gold from his finger being his signet and put it vpon the said dukes finger desiring and requiring the archbishop of Yorke the bishop of Hereford to shew and make report vnto the lords of the parlement of his voluntarie resignation and also of his intent and good mind that he bare towards his cousin the duke of Lancaster to haue him his successour and their king after him ¶ All this doone euerie man tooke their leaue and returned to their owne Upon the morrow after being tuesdaie and the last daie of September all the lords spirituall and temporall with the commons of the said parlement assembled at Westminster where in the presence of them the archbishop of Yorke and the bishop of Hereford according to the kings request shewed vnto them the voluntarie renouncing of the king with the fauour also which he bare to his cousine of Lancaster to haue him his successour And moreouer shewed them the schedule or bill of renouncement signed with king Richards owne hand which they caused to be read first in Latine as it was written and after in English This doone the question was first asked of the lords if they would admit and allow that renouncement the which when it was of them granted and confirmed the like question was asked of the commons and of them in like manner confirmed After this it was then declared that notwithstanding the foresaid renouncing so by the lords and commons admitted and confirmed it were necessarie in auoiding of all suspicions and surmises of euill disposed persons to haue in writing and registred the manifold crimes and defaults before doone by king Richard to the end that they might first be openlie declared to the people and after to remaine of record line 10 amongst other of the kings records for euer All this was doone accordinglie for the articles which before yee haue heard were drawne and ingrossed vp and there shewed readie to be read but for other causes more néedfull as then to be preferred the reading of those articles at that season was deferred Then forsomuch as the lords
of the parlement had well considered the voluntarie resignation of king Richard and that it was behoouefull and as they thought necessarie for the weale of the realme line 20 to proceed vnto the sentence of his deposing there were appointed by the authoritie of all the estates there in parlement assembled the bishop of saint Asaph the abbat of Glastenburie the earle of Glocester the lord Berkleie William Thirning iustice and Thomas Erpingham with Thomas Graie knights that they should giue and pronounce the open sentence of the deposing of king Richard Whervpon the said commissioners taking counsell togither by good and deliberate aduise therein had with line 30 one assent agréed that the bishop of S. Asaph should publish the sentence for them and in their names as followeth The publication of king Richards deposing IN the name of God Amen We Iohn bishop of S. Asaph Iohn line 40 abbat of Glastenburie Thomas earle of Glocester Thomas lord Berkeleie William Thirning iustice Thomas Erpingham Thomas Graie knights chosen and deputed speciall commissaries by the three states of this present parlement representing the whole bodie of the realme for all such maââers by the said estates to vs committed we vnderstanding and considering the manifold crimes line 50 hurts and harmes doone by Richard king of England and misgouernance of the same by a long time to the great decaie of the said land and vtter ruine of the same shortlie to haue beene had not the speciall grace of our God therevnto put the sooner remedie and also furthermore aduerting that the said king Richard by acknowledging his owne insufficiencie hath of his line 60 owne meere voluntee and free will renounced and giuen ouer the rule gouernance of this land with all rights and honours vnto the same belonging and vtterlie for his merits hath iudged himselfe not vnwoorthilie to be deposed of all kinglie maiestie and estate roiall We the premisses well considering by good and diligent deliberation by the power name and authoritie to vs as aboue is said committed pronounce decerne and declare the same king Richard before this to haue beene and to be vnprofitable vnable vnsufficient and vnwoorthie of the rule and gouernance of the foresaid realms and lordships and of all rights and other the appurtenances to the same belonging And for the same causes we depriue him of all kinglie dignitie and worship and of any kinglie worship in himselfe And we depose him by our sentence definitiue forbidding expresselie to all archbishops and bishops and all other prelats dukes marquesses erles barons and knights and all other men of the foresaid kingdome and lordships subiects and lieges whatsoeuer they be that none of them from this daie forward to the foresaid Richard as king and lord of the foresaid realmes and lordships be neither obedient nor attendant After which sentence thus openlie declared the said estates admitted foorthwith the forenamed commissioners for their procurators to resigne and yeeld vp vnto king Richard all their homage and fealtie which in times past they had made and owght vnto him and also for to declare vnto him if need were all things before doone that concerned the purpose and cause of his deposing the which resignation was respited till the morow following Immediatlie as the sentence was in this wise passed and that by reason thereof the realme stood void without head or gouernour for the time the duke of Lancaster rising from the place where before he sate and standing where all those in the house might behold him in reuerend manner made a signe of the crosse on his forhead and likewise on his brest and after silence by an officer commanded said vnto the people there being present these words following The duke of Lancaster laieth challenge or claime to the crowne IN the name of the Father and of the Sonne of the Holie-ghost I Henrie of Lancaster claime the realme of England and the crowne with all the appurtenances as I that am descended by right line of the blood comming from that good lord king Henrie the third and through the right that God of his grace hath sent me with the helpe of my kin and of my freends to recouer the same which was in point to be vndoone for default of good gouernance and due iustice After these words thus by him vttered he returned and sate him downe in the place where before he had sitten Then the lords hauing heard and well perceiued this claime thus made by this noble man ech of them asked of other what they thought therein At length after a little pausing or staie made the archbishop of Canturburie hauing notice of the minds of the lords stood vp asked the commons if they would assent to the lords which in their minds thought the claime of the duke made to be rightfull and necessarie for the wealth of the realme and them all whereto the commons with one voice cried Yea yea yea After which answer the said archbishop going to the duke and knéeling downe before him on his knée addressed to him all his purpose in few words The which when he had ended he rose taking the duke by the right hand led him vnto the kings seate the archbishop of Yorke assisting him and with great reuerence set him therein after that the duke had first vpon his knées made his praier in deuout manner vnto almightie God When he was thus placed in his throne to the great reioising of the people the archbishop of Canturburie began a breefe collation taking for his theme these words written in the first booke of kings the ninth chapter Vir dominabitur in populo c handling the same the whole tenour of his tale to the praise of the king whose setled iudgement grounded wisedome perfect reason and ripe discretion line 10 was such said he as declared him to be no child neither in yeares nor in light conditions but a man able and méete for the gouernement of a realme so that there was no small cause of comfort ministred to them through the fauourable goodnesse of almightie God which had prouided them of such a gouernor as like a discréet iudge shall déeme in causes by skilfull doomes and rule his subiects in vpright equitie setting apart all wilfull pleasures and childish inconstancie This is a summarie of his oration But because the qualitie of this volume is such as that it line 20 hath set foorth matters at large I will laie downe the archbishops words as they are recorded by Fabian in ample manner as followeth The archbishop of Canturburie his oration framed vpon this text Vir dominabitur in populo c written in the first booke of kings and ninth chapter THese be the words of the high and most mightie king speaking to Samuel his prophet teaching him how he should choose and ordaine a gouernor of his people of Israell when the said people asked of him a king to rule them And not
intent to trouble my said lord of Glocester going to the king purposing his death in case that he had gone that waie set men of armes and archers at the end of London bridge next Suthworke and in forebarring of the kings high waie let draw the chaine of the stoupes there and set vp pipes and hurdles in manner and forme of bulworks and set men in chambers cellars windowes with bowes and arrowes and other weapons to the intent to bring finall destruction to my said lord of Glocesters person as well as of those that then should come with him 4 Item my said lord of Glocester saith and affirmeth that our souereigne lord his brother that was king Henrie the fift told him on a time when our souereigne lord being prince was lodged in the palace of Westminster in the great chamber by the noise of a spaniell there was on a night a man spied and taken behind a tapet of the said chamber the which man was deliuered to the earle of Arundell to be examined vpon the cause of his being there at that time the which so examined at that time confessed that he was there by the stirring and procuring of my said lord of Winchester ordeined to haue slaine the said prince there in his bed wherefore the said earle of Arundell let sacke him foorthwith and drowned him in the Thames 5 Item our souereigne lord that was king Henrie the fift said vnto my said lord of Glocester that his father king Henrie the fourth liuing and visited then greatlie with sickenesse by the hand of God my said lord of Winchester said vnto the king Henrie the fift then being prince that the king his father so visited with sicknesse was not personable therfore not disposed to come in conuersation and gouernance of the people and for so much counselled him to take the gouernance and crowne of this land vpon him The answer of the bishop HEre insue the answers to the accusations made by my lord of Winchester chancellour of England vnto the causes and matters of heauinesse declared in the articles against him by my lord of Glocester 1 First as of the refusall made vnto my lord of Glocester of opening the Tower to him of his lodging therein by the commandement of my said lord of Winchester he answereth that in the presence of my said lord of Glocester before his comming out of his countrie of Heinault for causes such as were thought resonable it séemeth lawfull that the Tower should haue béene notablie stored and kept with vittels howbâit it was not foorthwith executed and that in likewise after that my said lord of Glocester was gone into his said countrie of Heinault for seditious and odious billes and languages cast and vsed in the citie of London sounding of insurrection and rebellion against the kings peace and destruction aswell of diuerse estates of this land as strangers being vnder the defense in so much that in doubt thereof strangers in great number fled the land And for the more sure kéeping of the said Tower Richard line 10 Wooduile esquier so trusted with our souereigne lord the king that dead is as well ye know also chamberlaine and councellor vnto my lord of Bedford with a certeine number of defensible persons assigned vnto him was made deputie there by the assent of the kings councell being that time at London for to abide therein for the safegard thereof and streictlie charged by the said councell that during that time of his said charge he should not suffer any man to be in the Tower stronger than himselfe without speciall line 20 charge or commandement of the king by the aduise of his councell 2 Item that soone after vpon the comming of my said lord of Glocester into this land from his countrie of Heinault the said lords of the kings councell were informed that my said lord of Glocester grudged with the said maner of inforcing the Tower and let saie to them of London that he had well vnderstand that they had béene heauilie threatened for the time of his absence and otherwise than they shuld haue beene if he had béene in this land Wherefore he line 30 was right euill contented and especiallie of the said forcing of the Tower set vpon them in manner of a chased villain considering the good equitie and truth that they had alwaies kept vnto the king offering them therevpon remedie if they would 3 Item that after this Richard Scot lieutenant of the Tower by the commandement of my said lord of Glocester brought vnto him frier Randolph the which had long before confessed treason doone by him line 40 against the kings person that dead is for the which knowledge he was put to be kept in the said Tower streictlie commanded vnder great paine giuen vnto the said Scot to kéepe him streictlie suerlie not to let him out of the said Tower without coÌmandment of the king by aduise of his councell The which frier Randolph my said lord of Glocester kept then with himselfe not witting to the said Scot as he declared to my said lord of Winchester soone after that he had brought the said frier Randolph to my lord of Glocester line 50 saieng to my lord of Winchester that he was vndoone but he helped him expressed as for cause of the withholding of frier Randolph and saieng moreouer that when he desired of my said lord of Glocester the deliuerance of the said frier Randolph to lead him againe vnto the Tower or sufficient warrant for his discharge my said lord of Glocester answered him that his commandement was sufficient warrant and discharge for him In the which thing abouesaid it was thought to my lord of Winchester line 60 that my said lord of Glocester tooke vpon him further than his authoritie stretched vnto and caused him to doubt and dread least that he would haue procéeded further And at such time as the said Wooduile came vnto him to aske his aduise and counsell of lodging my said lord of Glocester in the Tower he aduised and charged him that before he suffered my said lord of Glocester or any person to lodge therein stronger than himselfe he should purueie him a sufficient warrant therof of the king by the aduise of his councell 4 Item as to the said article of the foresaid causes of heauinesse my said lord chancellor answereth that he neuer purposed to set hand on the kings person nor to remoue him or that he should be remoued or put in any manner of gouernance but by the aduise of the kings councell For he could not perceiue any manner of goodnesse or of aduantage that might haue growne to him thereof but rather great perill and charge and hereof my said lord of Winchester is readie to make proofe in time and place conuenient 5 Item as to the third article of the foresaid causes and heauines my said lord chancellor answereth that he was oft and diuerse times warned by
diuerse credible persons aswell at the time of the kings last parlement holden at Westminster as before and since that my said lord of Glocester purposed him bodilie harme was warned therof and counselled by the said persons and that diuerse times to absteine him from comming to Westminster as my said lord of Winchester declared vnto my said lord of Glocester 6 Item that in the time of the said parlement diuerse persons of low estate of the citie of London in great number assembled on a day vpon the wharfe at the crane of the vinetrée and wished and desired that they had there the person of my lord of Winchester saieng that they would haue throwen him into the Thames to haue taught him to swim with wings Whereof billes and language of slander and threatnings were cast and spoken in the said citie by my said lord the chancellor which caused him to suppose that they that so said and did willed and desired his destruction although they had no cause 7 Item that after the comming to London of sir Rafe Botiller and maister Lewes sent from my lord of Bedford to the rest of the lords of the councell they being informed that my said lord of Glocester did beare displeasure to my said lord of Winchester they came to the said lord of Glocester to his In the second sundaie next before All hallondaie and there opened vnto him that they had knowledge and vnderstanding of the said displeasure praieng him to let them know if he bare such displeasure against my said lord of Winchester and also the causes thereof At the which time as my said lord of Winchester was afterwards informed my said lord of Glocester affirmed that he was heauie toward him and not without causes that peraduenture he would put in writing 8 Item that after the mondaie next before Allhallondaie last past in the night the people of the said citie of London by the commandement of my said lord of Glocester as it was said for what cause my lord the chancellor wist not assembled in the citie armâd and arraied and so continued all the night Amongst diuerse of the which the same night by what excitation my said lord the chancellor wist not seditious and heauie language was vsed and in especiall against the person of my lord the chancellor And so the same mondaie at night my said lord of Glocester sent vnto the Ins of court at London charging them of the court dwelling in the same to be with him vpon the morrow at eight of the clocke in their best arraie 9 Item that on the morrow being tuesdaie next following my said lord of Glocester sent earlie vnto the maior and aldermen of the said citie of London to ordeine him to the number of three hundred persons on horsse backe to accompanie him vnto such a place as he disposed him to ride which as it was said was vnto the king to the intent to haue his person and to remoue him from the place that he was in without assent or aduise of the kings councell The which thing was thought vnto my said lord the chancellor that he ought in no wise to haue doone nor had not béene seene so before 10 Item that my said lord the chancellor considering the things aboue said and doubting therefore of perils that might haue insued thereof intending to purueie there against and namelie for his owne suertie and defense according to the law of nature ordeined to let that no force of people should come on the bridge of London towards him by the which he or his might haue béene indangered or noied not intending in any wise bodilie harme vnto my said lord of Glocester nor to any other person but onelie his line 10 owne defense in eschewing the perill abouesaid 11 Item as toward the fourth and fift of the said articles my lord the chancellor answereth that he was euer true to all those that were his souereigne lords and reigned vpon him and that he neuer purposed treason or vntruth against any of their persons and in especiall against the person of our said souereigne lord Henrie the fift The which considering the great wisdome truth and manhood that all men knew in him he would not for the time that line 20 he was king haue set on my said lord the chancellor so great trust as he did if he had found or thought in him such vntruth The which thing my said lord the chancellor offered to declare and shew as it belongeth to a man of his estate to doo requiring thervpon my lord of Bedford and all the lords spirituall and temporall in this parlement that it might be seene that there were iudges conuenient in this case that they would doo him right or else that he might haue leaue of the king by their aduise to go sue his right line 30 before him that ought to be his iudge 12 And as toward the letter sent by my lord of Winchester vnto my lord of Bedford of the which the tenor is before rehearsed of the which my lord of Glocester complained him of the malicious and vntrue purpose of my said lord of Winchester as toward the assembling of the people and gathering of a field in the kings land in troubling thereof and against the kings peace my said lord of Winchester answereth that if his said letters duelie vnderstand line 40 and in such wise as he vnderstood and meant in the writing of them it maie not reasonablie be gathered and taken that my said lord of Winchester intended to gather any field or assemble people in troubling of the kings land and against the kings peace but rather purposed to acquite him to the king in his truth and to kéepe the rest and peace in the kings land and to eschew rebellion disobedience and all trouble For by that that in the beginning of the said letter he calleth my said lord of Bedford his lieuest lord after one line 50 that is the king whome he ought to accept of dutie of his truth the which he hath euer kept and will kéepe 13 Moreouer in the said letter he desireth the comming home of my lord of Bedford for the welfare of the king and of his realmes of England and of France which stand principallie in kéeping of his rest and peace and praieth my said lord of Bedford to spéed his coÌming into England in eschewing of ieopardie of the land and of a field which he dread him might haue followed if he had long taried As toward those words If ye tarie we shall put this land line 60 in aduenture with a field such a brother ye haue here c. My said lord of Winchester saith the sooth is before or he wrote the said letter by the occasion of certeine ordinances made by the maior and aldermen of London against the excessiue taking of masons carpentars tilers plasterers and other labourers for their dailie iournies and approued by the kings deuise and councell there were
the Scots The duke of LaÌcaster sent to aid the king of Nauarre Paulus Aâmilius Froissard The castell of Orbec rescued The citie of Eureux yéelded to the Frenchmen Uernueil The French K. commeth to giue the duke of Lancaster battell Froissard The prince of Wales inuadeth the French dominions The citie of Burges Issoldune assaulted Uierzon woone The passages stopped The prince returneth Remorentine A skirmish The Frenchmen fled The prince lodgeth in the towne of Remorentine The castell of Remorentine assaulted It is set on fier They withââ submitted themselues The French king foloweth the prince of Wales Froissard Seuen thousand chosen men saith Tho. Walsi Chauuignie The lord Raoull de Coucie taken Frenchmen distressed The ordering of the French battell The cardinal of Piergort The prince of Wales contented to come to a treatie The offer ãâã the prince of Wales The French kings presumptuous demand The English men fortifie their campe The cardinal trauelled in vaine Tho. Walâ A prophesie ãâã a prelate The exteââtion of the prince Noble men with the prince of Wales The capitall de Beuf The number of the prince his armie The number of the French The battell is begun The force of the English archers The lord Iames Audeley Tho. Walsi The earles of Warwike and Sâffolke The marshals battell put to yâ worst The Frenchmen séeke to saue themselus by flight Polydor. Froissard The valiancie of the French king The French king taken Ia. Meit Sir Denise Morbecke Froissard Noblemen slaine Ia. Meir Polydor. The chase Froissard Annales de France Archembald Douglas takâ Iacob Meir Prisoners taken The battell of Poâctiers when it was The prince suppeth the prisoners The French king thanâ ãâã the prince The prince returneth ãâã Burdeaux Froissard The lord âââdelie rewarded Bonfierâ 135â Anno Reg. ââ Additions ãâã Adam Meââmuth The priâce bringeth the French king ouer into England A iust holden in Smithfeld The French k. sorowfull Psalm 137. Thom. Wals. Froissard Cardinals sent into England A truce for two yeareâ The French king remoued to Windsor Rennes besieged Tho. Walsi Fourdon The king of Scots ransomed Polydor. Froissard 1358 Anno Reg. 3â Annales de France The citie of Auxerre takeÌ by sir Robert Knolles Daubignie sir le Metre Chastelon New castell vpon Loire Talke of a peace and articles thereof drawne Caxton Thom. Wals. The bishop of Elie. Excommunication Such as deliuered the popes letters hanged Discord betwixt priests and friers Th. Walsing Iohn of Gant married 1359 Anno Reg. 33. Windsore castell repared Additions to Triuet A solemne iusts at London Caxton The K. with his foure sons are of the chalengers part The French K. remoued He departed froÌ Hertford the 29 of Iulie Polydor. The king prepareth to make a iournie into France Froissard The duke of Lancaster Braie assaulted The kings arriuall at Calis Froissard Polydor. Froissard Reimes besieged 1â6â Anno Reg. 34. Tonnere woone Guillon Flauignie The number of carriages Caxton Additions to Ad. Merimuâh Winchelsie burnt by the French A CompositioÌ made to spare the coântrie of Burgognie Franks hath Paradine in Les Annales de Burgogniâ Froissard The king of England draweth towards Paris A treatie The English men before Paris Polydor. The suburbs oâ Parris burnt Froissard The bishop of Beauuois A new treatie The duke of Lancaster persuadeth the king to agrée An hideous storme tempest of wether A peace conclâded The articles Fabian Froissard Homages and seruices The date of the charter of the peace The French kings ransome Hostages The French not to aid the Scots Britaine The king of England returneth home The earle of Warwike Tho. Walsiâ The French king goeth ouer to Calis The kings receiue a solemne oth to sée the pâace performed The duke ãâã Normandie The ãâã of the Freâââ hostages The French king set at libertie In Angl. prel sub Edwardo 3. Strange woonders A great death Hân Mârl The primat of Ardmach departed this liâe 1â61 Additions to Triuet and Adâm Merimuâh A straÌge sight in the aâre Froissard Anno. Reg. 3â A parlement Caxton Tho. Walsi Adam Merimuth Caxton A mightie wind Anno Reg. 36. Creations of the kings sonnes to degrées of honoâ Hen. Marle The prince of wales passeth ouer into Guien Thom. Wals. Additions to Ad. Merim A iusts in Smithfield The Staple of wools remoued âo Calis A parlement A pardon A statute agaânst purueiers A subsidie Lawiers to plead their caâes in English Caxton Schoolemasters to teach scholers to construe their lessons in English 1363 Anno Reg. 37. Thom. Wals. Additions to Adam Merimuth A statute of araie against costlie apparell Thrée kings came into England about businesse with K. Edward Anno. Reg. 38. The death of the French king Fabian The battell of Aulroy Froissard Thrée thouâsand and six hundred figââting men ãâã Walsing ãâã The worâââ actiuitie of the English archers Sir Hugh Caluerlie The earle of Auxerre takeÌ prisoner Sir BerthraÌ de Cleaquin Ambassadors sent to the earle of Montford The variance for Britaine compounded Fabian Anno Reg. 39. Fabian Tho. Wals. The lord Coucie marieth the king of Englands daughter Polychron Froissard Ia. Mair A treatie of mariage for the earle of Cambridge The earle of Flanders The lord Latimer The king of Castile chased out of his realme Froissard Peter pence Ine king of Westsaxons A rainie haruest Caxton Death K. Richard the second borne Froissard 1367 Anno Reg. 41. The prince setteth forward towards Spaine He entreth into Nauaâre The king of Nauarre taken by the Frenchmen Sir Martin de Care Saint Machaule The king of Spaine sendeth to the prince Uictoria Uiana Polydor. Sir William Felton ãâã Froissard The number of the princes armie The chiefteins of the same armie The order ãâã the Spaniards The number of yâ Spanish armie The duke of Lancaster The capitall of Beuf The archers King Peter The Spaniards put to ââght The number slaine at this battell at Nauarret Fabian Caxton Froissard Caxton Froissard King Peters dissimulation Tho. Walsi The prince put to his shifts for deâault of paie The prince returneth into Gascoigne 1368 Anno Reg. 42. A blasing starre Polychron Polydor. Froissard The duke of Clarence goeth into Italie The ladie Uiolant His interteinement â Sauoy His receiuing into Millanâ Corio in the historie of Millane Ia. Meir Froissard Caxton Froissard The prince ãâã Wales constreined to bâââden his subiects with â sore subsidie Coine not to be inhanced nor abased The demâââ of this fuage the cause of yâ Gascoignes reuolting to the French king The earle of Saint Paule The prince of Wales appealed to appeare line 20 Anno Reg. 43. The princes answer to the messenger The duke of Berrie The lord Chandois Chimniage A letter published by the prince to appease the Gascoignes Ia. Meir Philip duke of Burgognie marieth the erle of Flanders daughter The cause of his surname le Hardie The earles of Arminacke Perigord Froissard The L. Wake discomfited Fabian The French king procéedeth against the prince in
iudgement of the appeale Froissard The French king sent to defie the king of England Polydor. A parlement assembled Thrée fiftéens and thrée tenths granted Fabian Froissard Sir Nicholas Louaigne taken The ãâã of Pontââââ taken by tâe French ãâã The prince ãâã Wales disââsed with sicknesse The citie of Cahors ââuolteth Succors ãâã into Gascoigne Burdille ââsieged Sir Hugh Caluerlie Sir Iohn Chandois Burdille woonâ Sir Robert Knols Bâ Gerard. Aquitaine full of warre The duke of Bauier The duke of Burbons mother taken The French king prepareth a nauie The duke of Lancaster seÌt into France with an armie The duke of Lancaster fortifieth his campe The duke of Burgognie Fabian Froissard Sir Robert de Namur Caxton The earle of Warwike Froissard The queene of England departeth this life Hir thrée petitions to the king The praise of queene Philip The quéenes colledge The duke of LaÌcaster maketh a iournie into France S. Riquier Fabian The master ãâã the crosbowes of France taken Froissard The third mortalitie Caxton Polychron The earle of Warwike departeth this life Polydor. Froissard Thom. Wâââ Sir Iohn Chandois slaine Froissard Sir Thomas Percie A dearth Hen. Marle The duches of Lancaster Fabian Polychron Anno Reg. 44. Froissard Polychron Sir Robert Knolles with an armie sent into France Truce with Scots Iac. Meir The number of men of war in this armie Froissard The suburbs of Arras burnt The towne of Roy burnt The French meÌ withdraw into their forâesses stroÌg townes The Englishmen before Paris Thom. Wals. Sir Simon Minsterworth Bermondsey Sir Robert Knolles borne in Cheshire Sir Robert Knolles counsell not followed Discord what commeth of it Câxton Froissard The citie of Limoges besieged Limoges taken by âorce Polydor. Froissard The prince returned into England Thom. Wals. The king of Nauarrâ câmeth ouer â to England Polydor. The king of Nauare cââstancie suspected Froissard 1371 Anno Reg. â Caxton A subsidie Spirituall men deposed Cardinals appointed ãâã treat of peace Polydor. The feare which the âââmies had of sir Ro. Knols Sir Berthââ de Cleaquin 1372 Anno Reg. ââ Sir Guichard Dângle made knight of the Garter Polydor. Caxton The earle of Penbroke set into Gaâen Froissard These foure last remembred came forâh of Rochell to aid the earle Froissard Yuans a Welsh gentleman Sir Edmund Rous. The prosperous successe of the French men in Poictou Towars in danger to be lost Th. Walsing 1373 Anno Reg. 47. The duke of Britaine The lord Neuill sent into Britaine Englishmen discomfited by the constable of France Townes woone by him The constable of FraÌce sent into Britaine Sir Robert Knols The duke of Britaine coÌmeth ouer into England The earle of Salisburie Polydor. The duke of Lancaster sent ouer into France with an armie Ia. Meir Froissard Noble men that went with him in that iournie They ãâã through the counârie wâââout assauling any townes Fabian The Frenchmen meant not to fight with the Englishmen Polydor. The order of the duke of Lancasters armie in marching He coÌmeth ãâã to Burdeaux Froissard The archb of Rauenna ãâã from the pâpâ Caxton Messengers sent to the pope about râseruations oâ benefices Cathedrall churches CoÌmissioners appointed to meet and commune of peace Death of the archb of Can. Simon Sudberie elected archbishop The begining of thâ statute of Premunire Caxton 1275 Anno Reg. 49. The commissioners méet at Bruges A truce taken betwixt England FraÌce Fabian Froissard Tho. Wals. An armie sent ouer into Britaine with the duke Towns woon Sir Iohn Deureux This truce was coÌcluded to indure from midsummer in this 1375 vnto midsummer in the yeare next insuing Tho. Walsi The duke of Britaine disappointed by the truce S. Sauiour le vicount yeelded Thom. Wals. Fabian The lord Spenser departeth this life Polydor. The earle of Penbroke deceasseth Iohn Stow. Froissard Commissioners eftsoones met to common of peace The demaÌds on both parts 13ââ Anno ãâã â A parlemeââ The lord Latimer Dame Alice Perers Sir Richaââ Sturrie The request of the commons The blacââ prince depaâteth this ãâã Polydor. He is buried at Canturburie Froissard Sir Péers de la Mere. Fabian The truce prolonged Polydor. Polydor. A riot Caxton The nobles sworne to the prince of Wales 1377 Anno Reg. 51. Froissard Comissioners seÌt to Bruges CoÌmissioners sent to Montreuill The truce eftsoones prolonged Sir Hugh Caluerlie lieutenant of Calis Tho. Walsi Fabian Sir Iohn Minsterworth beheaded Thom. Wals. Thom. Walsi Iohn Wiclife The chéefest articles preached by Wiclife Wiclife his felowes mainteined by certeine lords The duke of Lancaster in danger by the Londoners The lord Percie Tho. Walsi The deceasse of K. Edward the third Fabian pag. 262 263. His issue His praise His proâââtion of ãâã Prosperitie vnstable Iohn Sâow ãâã conâeâââ referreth ãâã to the last yeare of king Edward the first Mines of gold siluer Pope ãâã the fift Anno Reg. â 1377 Fabian Thom. Wals. The Londoners sent to K. Richard commending themselues to his fauour before the death of K. Edward Iohn Philpot The duke of Lancaster the LoÌdoners submit their quarels to the kings order The maner order of the kings coronation Froissard Rie burnt by yâ Frenchmen Tho. Wals. The Frenchmen spoile the I le of Wight Sir Hugh Tirrell Froissard Tho. Walsi Portsmouth Dartmouth Plimmouth burnt by the French Hastings burnt An ouerthrow giuen by the FreÌch to the Englishmen Polydor. The duke of Lancaster the earle of Cambridge appointed protectors In Angl. prael Froissard Berwike castell woone by the Scots Berwike castell recouered by the Englishmen An ouerthrow ãâã by the ãâã to the Englishmen The siege of Mortaâgâs raised A parlemâââ Thom. Waââ The citizenâ of London appointed ãâã kéepe the âââsidie graâââ by parleâââ Sir Hugh ãâ¦ã Marke castell recouered by sir Hugh Caluerlie the same daie it was lost 1â78 Iohn Wickliffe Hen. de Knightân canon abbat Leicest in annaliâ de Rich. secundo The nauie setteth foorth and is beaten backe by tempest Exploits doone by sir Hugh Caluerlie The duke of Lancaster misliking the maners of the court getteth himselfe home to the castell of Killingworth Iohn Philpot Alderman of London setteth foorth a fléet at his own charges to recouer certeine English ships taken by the Scots Chierburg deliuered to the Englishmen Additions to Adam Merimuth The English nauie is ouermatched and ouercome by the Spanish fléet Rokesburgh burnt by the Scots Anno Reg. 2. The duke of LaÌcaster saileth into Britaine with a great power Additions to Adam Merimuth Hall â Shââkerlie hath Grafton Polydor. Thom. Wals. A cruell ãâã in Westminster church A parlement at Glocester The pope sendeth to the king for aid Berwike castell woone by the Scots Alexander Ramsie was onlie saued as Froissard saith Berwike castell recouered by the earle of Northumberland Sir Robert Rous a valiaÌt capteine 137â The sanctuarie at Westminster confirmed by parlement A subsidie to be paid by the great men the commons go free Anno Reg. 3. A notable