off in many yeres before It beganne about euensong time in the South A mighâ—… vvinde and that with suche force that it ouerthrewe blew down strong and mighty buildings as towers steeples houses and chimneis This outrageous winde continued thus for the space of sixe or seuen days whereby euen those buildyngs that were not ouerthrowen and broken downe were so shaken yet that they without repairing were not able long to stande After this followed a very wette season An. reg â—… namely in the Sommer time and haruest so that muche corne and hay was loste for want of seasonable weather to gather the same The Lorde Lionell the Kynges sonne went ouer into Irelande to be deputie to his father there and was created Duke of Clarence and his brother Eadmunde was created Erle of Cambridge Creations of the Kinges sonnes to degrees of 〈◊〉 Hen. Maâ—… Also Edwarde Prince of Wales was by his father Kyng Edwarde inuested Duke of Guyenue and did homage vnto his father for the same in lyke maner and forme as his father and other Kynges of Englande were accustomed to doe for the saide Duchie vnto the Kynges of Fraunce And afterwardes about the feaste of Candlemasse nexte ensuing the said Prince sayled into Gascoigne The Prince 〈◊〉 Wales pasâ—…eth ouer into Guyenne Tho. VVals â—…dditions to â—…d Merimuth 〈◊〉 â—…ustes in â—…hfielde The Staple of rolâ—…es remoâ—…ed to Caleis A parliament and arriued at Burdeaux taking vpon him the gouernement and rule of the countrey Moreouer this yeare the fiue firste dayes of May were kept royall Iustes in Smithfielde by London the King and Queene beeing presente with a great multitude of the nobles and GeÌ„tlemen of both the Realmes of England France at whiche time came hither Spanyards Cipriottes and Armenians requiring ayde of the K. against the Infidels that sore molested theyr coÌ„fynes The staple of woolles was this yeare remoued to Calais Also the sixteene of October a Parliament began that was called at Westminster whych coÌ„tinued til y e feast day of S. Brice on which day the K. that time fiftie yeres then past was borne wherevpon as it were in the yeare of his Iubilei he shewed himselfe the more gracious to his people A pardon granting pardon to offendors releassing prisoners and reuoking outlawes Moreouer it was ordeined in this ParliameÌ„t that no maner of person of what estate or degree so euer hee was 〈◊〉 statute aâ—…ainst pâ—…â—…yoâ—…rs the K. the Q. and Dukes onely excepted should haue any purueyers of vittailes nor should take vp any thing without ready paiment and those that from thencefoorth did contrary to this ordinance should bee extremely punished 〈◊〉 Subsidie There was granted to the K. in this Parliament .26 ss eight d of euery sacke of woolle y t was to be transported ouer to the Sea for three yeres next ensuing Furthermore at the sute of the commons it was ordeyned and established by an acte in thys Parliament deuised that meÌ„ of law shuld pleade their causes â—…awyers to â—…leade theyr â—…es in Englishe Caxton Scholemaisters to teache scholers to coÌ„strue their lessons in Englishe and write their actions and plaintes in the Englishe tong and not in the Frenche as they had bin accustomed to doe euer since the coÌ„querors time It was ordeined also that Scholemaisters should teache their scholers to construe their lessons in English and not in french as before they had bin vsed The king shewed so much courtesie to the french hostages that he permitted them to goe ouer to Calais and there being nere home to purchase friendshippe by oft calling on their friends for their deliuerance They were suffered to ryde too and fro about the marches of Calais for the space of foure dayes togyther so that on the fourth day before sunne setting they returned into Calais againe The Duke of Anion turning this libertie to serue his owne turne departed from thence went home into France w tout making his fellowes priuie to his purpose 1262 An. reg 37. 〈◊〉 VVals This yeare a Parliamente was called by the Kyng whiche began the ninth of October from the whiche none of the noble men could obteyne licence to be absent In this Parliament all riche ornamentes of golde and siluer vsed to be worne in knyues Addi to Adam Merimuth A statute of atay agaynste costly apparel girdles duches rings or otherwise to the settyng foorth of the body were prohibited except to suche as might dispende tenne pound by yeare Moreouer that none should weare any ryche clothes or furres except they myght dispende an hundred pound by yeare Moreouer it was enacted that labourers and husbandmeÌ„ should not vse any dayntie dishes or costly drinkes at their tables But these suche other actes as were deuised established at this Parliament toke non effect as after it appeared In this yeare Three kinges come into England aboute businesse with K. Edward there came into Englande to speake with Kyng Edwarde concerning theyr waightie affaires three Kyngs that is to witte the Kyng of Fraunce the Kyng of Scotlande and the Kyng of Cypres They were honorably receiued and highly feasted The K. of Scotlande and the K. of Cipres after they had dispatched theyr businesse for the which they came returned backe againe but the Frenche Kyng fell sicke and remayned heere till hee dyed as in the nexte yeare yee shall heare He arriued heere in Englande about the latter ende of this yeare and came to Eltham where King Edward as then lay on the four and twentith day of Ianuary and there dyned 1364 After dyner hee tooke his Horse and rode towarde London and vppon blacke heath the Citizens of London cladde in one kynde of liuerie and very well horsed met him and conueid him from thence thorough London vnto the Sauoy where his lodging was prepared About the beginning of Marche in this eight and thirtith yeare An. reg 38. the forenamed Frenche Kyng fell into a greuous sicknesse of the whiche he dyed the eight day of Aprill folowing The death of the French K. His corps was conueyed into Fraunce and there buryed at S. Denice his exequies were kepte heere in Englande in diuers places right solemnely Fabian by Kyng Edwards appoyntment This yere by reason of an extreme sore frost continuing from the seauen and twentith daye of September last passed vnto the beginning of Aprill in this eight and thirtith yeare or rather from the seauenth day of December till y t ninetenth day of Marche as Walsingham and other olde writers do write the ground lay vntilde to the greate hinderaunce and losse of all growing things on the earth This yeare on Michaelmas day The battayle of Aulroy before y e Castel of Aulroy not farre distant from the Citie of Vannes in Britaine a sore battell was foughte betwixt y e Lord Charles de Blois and the Lord Iohn of Mountford For when there coulde bee
Whervpon the wiser men perceyuing suche a number of weapons and that great perill was not vnlike to ensue by suche apparance of late not accustomed woulde not bee present at the Sermon by reason whereof there was left a small auditorie Wherefore afterwarde there was a commaundement giuen by the Lorde Maior that the auncients of the companies shoulde be present at the nexte Sermon in their liueries and so they were whereby all became quiet The xviij of August next folowing The Duke of Northumberland arreigned the Duke of Northumberlande the Lorde Marques of Northampton and the Earle of Warwicke sonne and heire to the sayd Duke were brought into Westminster hall and there arreygned of highe treason before Thomas Duke of Norfolke high Stewarde of Englande The Duke of Northumberland at his comming to the barre vsed great reuerence towards the Iudges and protesting his faith and allegiance to the Queenes maiestie whome he confessed grieuously to haue offended he sayde that he ment not to speake any thing in defence of his facte but woulde first vnderstande the opinion of the Court in two points first whether a man doing any act by authoritie of the Princes counsayle and by warrant of the great seale of Englande and doing nothing without the same maye be charged with treason for anye thing which he might do by warrant therof Secondly whether any suche persons as were equallye culpable in that crime and those by whose letters and commaundementes he was directed in all his doings might be his iudges or passe vppon his triall as his peeres Wherevnto was answered that as concerning the first the great seale which he layde for his warrant was not the seale of the lawfull queene of the Realme nor passed by authoritie but the seale of an vsurper and therefore coulde be no warrant to him As to the seconde it was alledged that if any were as deepely to be touched in that case as himselfe yet so long as no atteyndor were of recorde against them they were neuerthelesse persons able in lawe to passe vpon any triall and not to be chalenged therefore but at the Princes pleasure After whiche aunswere the Duke vsing a fewe wordes declaring his earnest repentaunce in the case for he sawe that to stande vpon vttering any reasonable matter as might seeme woulde little preuayle he moued the Duke of Norffolke to bee a meane to the Queene for mercie without further answere confessed the inditement by whose example the other prisoners arreygned with him did likewise confesse the inditementes produced against them and therevpon had iudgement The xix of August Sir Andrewe Dudley Sir Iohn Gates and Sir Henrie Gates brethren and Sir Thomas Palmer Knightes were arreygned at Westminster and confessing their inditements had iudgemēt which was pronounced by the Marques of Winchester high Treasurer of Englande that sate that day as chiefe Iustice The Duke of Northumberland beheaded The xxij of the sayde moneth of August the sayde Duke Sir Iohn Gates and Sir Thomas Palmer were executed at the tower hill and all the rest shortlye after had their pardons graunted by the Queene who as it was thought coulde also haue bene contented to haue pardoned the Duke as well as the other for the speciall fauour that she had borne to him afore time The Archbishop of Canterburie committed to the tower Soone after this Thomas Cranmer Archbishop of Canterburie and late before of King Edwards priuie Counsayle was committed to the tower of London being charged of treason not onely for giuing aduise to the dishinheriting of Queene Marie but also for ayding the D. of Northumberlande with certayne horse and men against the Queene in the quarrell of the Ladie Iane of Suffolke The last day of September next following the Queene passed from the tower through the Citie of London vnto Westminster Queene Marie crowned and the next daye being the first of October shee was crowned at Westminster by Stephen Gardiner Bishop of Winchester for the Archbishops of Caunterburie and Yorke were then prisoners in the tower as before yee haue hearde at the time of whose coronation there was published a generall pardon in hir name being interlaced with so manye exceptions A pardon with exceptions as they they needed the same most tooke smallest benefite thereby In which were excepted by name no smal number not onely of Bishops and other of the Clergie namely the Archbishops of Caunterburie and Yorke the Bishop of London but also many Lordes Knightes and Gentlemenne of the laytie beside the two chiefe Iustices of Englande called Sir Edwarde Mountague and Sir Roger Cholmeley and some other learned men in the lawe for counsayling or at the least consenting to the depriuation of Queene Marie and ayding of the foresayde Duke of Northumberlande in the pretensed right of the afore named Ladie Iane the names of whiche persons so being excepted I haue omitted for shortnesse sake Assoone as this pardon was publyshed and the solemnitie of the feast of the Coronation ended Commissioners there were certayne Commissioners assigned to take order with all such persons as were excepted out of the pardon and others to compounde with the Queene for their seuerall offences which Commissioners sate at the Deane of Paules his house at the west ende of Paules Church and there called afore them the sayde persons apart and from some they tooke their fees and offices graunted before by King Edwarde the sixth and yet neuerthelesse putting them to their fines and some they committed to warde depriuing them of their states and liuings so that for the time to those that tasted thereof it seemed verye grieuous God deliuer vs from incurring the lyke daunger of lawe agayne The v. daye of October next following A Parliament the Queene helde hir highe Court of Parliament at Westminster which continued vntill the xxj day of the sayde moneth In the first session of whiche Parliament there passed no more Actes but one and that was to declare Queene Marie lawfull heire in discent to the crowne of Englande by the common lawes next after hir brother king Edwarde Treason Felonie Premunire and to repeale certaine causes of treason felonie and premunire contayned in diuerse former Statutes the whiche acte of Repeale was for that Cardinall Poole was especiallye looked for as after ye shall heare for the reducing of the Church of Englande to the Popes obedience and to the ende that the sayde Cardinall nowe called into Englande from Rome might holde his Courtes Legantine withoute the daunger of the Statutes of the Premunire made in that case wherevnto Cardinall Wolsey when he was Legate had incurred to his no small losse and to the charge of all the Clergie of Englande for exercising the like power the which acte being once passed forthwith the Queene repayred to the Parliament house The Parliament proroged and gaue therevnto hir royall assent and then proroged the Parliament vnto the xxiiij day of the sayde Moneth In
Chandew of Britain his especial frend he made erle of Bath Sir Giles Daubency was made lord Daubeney sir Robert Willoughby was made L. Brooke And Edward Stafforde eldest sonne to Henrye late Duke of Buckingham he restored to his name dignitie and possessions which by king Richard were confiscate and attainted Beside this in this parliament was this notable acte assented to and concluded as followeth To the pleasure of Almightye God wealth prosperitie and suretie of this Realme of England and to the singular comfort of all the kinges subiectes of the same in auoyding all ambiguitie and questions An acte for the establishing of the Crovvne Be it ordeined established and enacted by this present parliament that the inheritance of the crowne of this realme of England and also of Fraunce with all the preeminēce and dignitie royal to the same apertaining and all other seigniories to the king belongyng beyond the sea w t the appurtenāces therto in any wise due or apertaining shal rest remain abide in the most royal person of our nowe soueraigne lord K. Henry the seuēth and in the heires of his body laufully coming perpetually with y e grace of god so to endure in none other And beside this act al atteynders of this K. enacted by king Edward and Kyng Richard were adnichilate and the recorde of the same adiudged to be defaced and all persones attented for his cause and occasion were restored to their goods landes and possessions Diuers acts also made in this time of king Edward and king Richard were reuoked and other adiudged more expedient for the cōmon wealthe were put in their places and concluded After the dissolution of this parliament the king remembring his frends left in hostage beyonde the seas that is to wit the Marques Dorset and sir Io. Bourchier he with all conueniēt spede redemed them sente also into Flanders for Iohn Morton Bishop of Ely These actes performed he chose to bee of his counsayle a conuenient number of right graue and wyse counsellours Although by this meanes al things seemed to be brought in good and perfect order yet ther lacked a wrest to the harpe to set all the strings in a monacorde and perfecte tune which was the matrimonie to be finished betwene the king and the Lady Elizabeth daughter to king Edward which like a good Prince according to his othe promise King Henrye the seuenthe taketh to vvife Elizabeth eldeste daughter of Edvvard the fourthe 1486 did both solemnise cosummate shortely after that is to saye on the .xviij. day of Ianuarie by reason of whych mariage peace was thought to descende out of heauen into Englād considering that the lynes of Lancaster Yorke were now brought into one knot and connexed togither of whose two bodies one heire myghte succeede to rule and enioye the whole monarchie and realme of Englande Shortly after for the better preseruation of his royall person he constituted and ordeyned a certaine number as well of good Archers as of dyuers other persons hardie strong and actiue to giue dayly attendance on his persone whome he named yeomen of his garde Yeomen of the garde firste brought in which president men thought that he lerned of the French king when he was in France For it is not remembred that any Kyng of Englande before that daye vsed any such furniture of dayly souldiours In the same yeare a newe kynde of sicknesse inuaded sodeynly the people of this lande Another parliament the same yeare passing thorough the same from the one ende to the other It began about the .xxj. of September and continued till the latter end of October beyng so sharpe and deadly that the lyke was neuer hearde of to any mannes remembrance before that tyme. For sodeynely a deadely burnyng sweate so assayled theyr bodies The svveating sickenesse and distempered their bloud wyth a moste ardent heat that scarse one amongst an hundred that sickned did escape with life for all in maner as soone as the sweat tooke them or within a short tyme after yelded vp the ghost besyde the great number which deceassed within the citie of London two Mayres successiuely died within viij days .vj. Aldermē At length by the diligent obseruatiō of those that escaped whiche marking what things had done thē good holpen to their deliuerance vsed the lyke agayne when they fell into the same disease A remedye for ◅e svveating ◅sse the second or thirde tyme as to dyuers it chaunced a remedie was founde for that mortall maladie which was this If a man on the daye tyme were taken with the sweate then should he streight lye downe withal his clothes and garments and continue in hys sweat .xxiiij. houres after so moderate a sort as might bee If in the nyghte hee chaunced to be taken then shoulde he not ryse out of his bedde for the space of .xxiiij. houres so castyng the cloathes that he myght in no wyse prouoke the sweate but so lye temperately that the water mighte distyll out softly of the owne accord and to abstein from all meat if he might so long suffer hunger to take no more drinke neyther hot nor colde thā wold moderatly quench assuage his thirstie appetite And thus with lukewarme drinke temperate heate and measurable clothes manye escaped fewe whiche vsed this order after it was founde out dyed of that sweat Mary one point diligētly aboue all other in this cure is to be obserued that he neuer put out his hande or feete out of the bed to refreshe or coole himself which to do is no lesse ieopardie than short and present death Thus this disease comming in the first yeare of king Henries reigne was iudged of some to be a token and signe of a troublous reigne of the same king as the profe partly afterwardes shewed it selfe The king standing in neede of money to discharge suche debtes and to maynteyn such port as was behouefull sente the Lorde Treasourer with Maister Reignold Bray and others vnto the Lord Mayre of London requiryng of the Citie a prest of sixe thousand markes Whervpon the sayd Lord Mayre and his brethren with the Commons of the Citie graunted a preast of two thousande poundes whiche was leuyed of the companies and not of the wardes and in the yeare next ensuyng it was well and truly agayne repayde euery penny to the good contentation and satisfying of them that disbursed it The king considering that the suretie of his royall estate and defence of the realme consisted chiefly in good lawes and ordinaunces to bee hadde and obserued among his people summoned eftsoones his highe courte of Parliamente therein to deuise and establishe some profitable actes and statutes for the wealth and commoditie of his people and then after hauyng sette thinges in quiet about London hee tooke his iorney into the North partes there to purge all the dregges of malicious treason that myghte rest in the heartes of vnquiet persons and namely
pardon to all suche as did reioyce in the same reconciliation The eyght and twentith of Nouember nexte following it was commonly reported that the Queene was quicke with childe and therefore commaundemente was gyuen by Edmonde Bonner then Byshoppe of London and as it was sayde not withoute the commaundement of the Counsell that there shoulde bee made in most solemne manner one generall Procession in London wherein the Maior and all the companyes of the Citie were in theyr liueries at whose returne to the Churche of Poules there was song very solemnely Te Deum for ioy thereof The second daye of December beeing Sonday Cardinall Poole came to Poules Churche in London with great pomp hauing borne before hym a Crosse two pillers and two pollaxes of siluer and was there solemnely receyued by the Byshoppe of Winchester Chancelloure of Englande who mette hym with Procession And shortly after Kyng Philippe came from Westminster by lande beeyng accompanyed with a greate number of hys Nobles And the same day the Byshoppe of Winchester preached at Poules Crosseâ—… in the whyche Sermon hee declared that the Kyng and Queene hadde restored the Pope to hys ryghte of primacie and that the three estates assembled in Parliamente representyng the whole bodye of the Realme hadde submitted themselues to hys holynesse and to his successors for euer And in the same also hee greately praysed the Cardinall and sette forth the passing hygh authoritie that hee hadde from the Sea of Rome â–ª with muche other glorious matter in the commendation of the Churche of Rome whyche hee called the Sea Apostolike The Sermon beeyng ended the Kyng and the Cardinall rydyng togyther returned to White Hall and the Kyng hadde his sworde borne before hym and the Cardinall had onely hys Crosse and no more The seauen and twentith daye of the sayde moneth Emanuell Philiberte Earle of Sauoy and Prince of Piemount came into Englande accompanyed with dyuers other Lordes and Gentlemen straungers who were receyued at Graues ende by the Earle of Bedforde Lorde priuie seale and conueyd by water through London bridge to White Hall where the King and Queene theÌ„ lay and the ninth of Ianuary next following y e Prince of Orange was in like maner receiued at Graues end and from thence conueid to the Court being at White Hall Vpon Wednesday the â—…2 of December fiue of y e eight men which lay in the Fleete that had passed vpoÌ„ sir Nicholas Throckmortons triall were discharged set at libertie vpon their fyne paid which was two C. and twentie lb a peece The other three put vp a supplicatioÌ„ therin declaring y t their goodes did not amount to y e suÌ„me of y e which they were appointed to pay so vpoÌ„ y t declaration paying .60 lb a peece wer deliuered out of prison on S. Thomas day before Christmas being the one and twentith of December The two and twentith of the same moneth the Parliamente whyche beganne the two and twentith of Nouember before was dissolued wherein among other Actes passed there the statute Ex officio and other lawes made for punishment of Heresies were reuiued But chiefely the Popes most liberall Bull of dispensation of Abbey lande was there confirmed muche to the contentation of manye who not withoute cause suspected by thys new vnion to lose some peece of their late purchase 1555 Vpon Friday the eyghtenth of Ianuary all the Counsell wente vnto the Tower and there the same day discharged and sette at libertie all the prisoners of the Tower or the more parte of them Prisoners deâ—â—â—red namely the late Duke of Northumberlandes sonnes the Lordes Ambrose Roberte and Henrye Also Sir Andrewe Dudley Sir Iames Croftes Sir Nicholas Throckmorton Sir Iohn Rogers Sir Nicholas Arnolde Sir George Harper Sir Edwarde Warner Sir William Sentlow Sir Gawen Carewe William Gibbes Esquier Cutbert Vaughan and dyuers other Moreouer aboute thys season dyuers learned men beeyng apprehended and in prison for matters of Religion were broughte before the Byshoppes of Winchester and London and other the Byshoppes and Commissioners appoynted therefore who vppon the constante standyng of the sayde learned men in their opinions whyche they hadde taken vppon them to mainteine as grounded vppon the true worde of God as they protested proceeded in iudgemente agaynste them and so diuers of them were brente at London in Smithfielde and in dyuers other places as in the Booke of Monuments ye may reade In February next folowing Doctor Thirleby Byshoppe of Ely and Anthony Lord Montagewe with a very honorable traine of Gentlemen and others rode forth of the Citie of London toward Rome as Ambassadors sente from the King and Queene to confirme this newe reconciliation to the Pope William Feâ—â—erston alias â—â—â—estable a 〈◊〉 nameth â—â—â—selfe King â—â—ward the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Stow. A yong stripling whose name was William Fetherston a Millers sonne aboute the age of eyghtene yeares named and bruted himselfe to bee King Edwarde the sixth whereof when the Queene and the counsayle hearde they caused with all diligence enquirie to be made for hym so that hee was apprehended in Southwarke or as other haue at Eltham in Kent the tenth of May brought before the Counsaile at Hampton Court and there examined And it was demaunded of him why hee so named himselfe to the whyche he counterfeyting a manner of simplicitie or rather frensie woulde make no direct aunswere but prayed pardon for hee wist not what hee sayde affirmyng farther that hee was counsayled so to saye and to take vpon him the name whereof hee accused certayne persons but hys talke was not found true wherefore hee was committed to the Marshalsea as a lunatike foole And the eyght and twentith daye of May nexte following the aforesayde counterfeyte Prince was broughte in a carte from the Marshalsea through the Citie of London with a paper ouer hys head wherein was written that he named hymselfe Kyng Edward And from thence was conueyd to Westminster beeyng ledde rounde aboute the Hall and shewed to all the people there and afterwarde taken out of the Carte and stripped and then whipped rounde aboute the Palace at the same Cartes tayle and withoute more punishment was discharged and set at libertie But the nexte yeare following for that hee had spredde abroade that King Edwarde was aliue and that he had spoken with him hee was agayne apprehended and arraigned of hygh treason whereof beeyng condemned he shortly after was drawen to Tiborne and there hanged and quartered the thirtenth of Marche About thys tyme Edward Courtney The Lorde Courtney goeth ouer into Italy Earle of Deuonshire of whome before yee haue heard howe hee was appoynted to remayne at Foâ—…ringhey vnder safe custody at length was sette at libertie came to the Courte and gote licence to passe the Seas wente into Italy where shortly after he sickened and dyed within foureteene dayes after hys sicknesse fyrste tooke hym he was honorably buryed in Padway Thys Courtney was the onely sonne and heyre of
rested a while there to refreshe them Braunches of trees hee commaunded euerye man to get a bough of some tree or other of that wood in his hand as bigge as he might beare and to march forth therwith in such wise that on the next morow they might come closely and without sight in thys manner within viewe of hys enimies On the morow when Makbeth beheld them comming in this sort hee first marueyled what the matter ment but in the end remembred himselfe that the prophecie which he had hearde long before that time of the comming of Byrnane wood to Dunsinnane Castell was likely to bee now fulfilled Neuerthelesse he brought hys men in order of battell Makbeth setteth his men in order of battel Makbeth fleeeth and is pursued of Makduffe and exhorted them to doe valiantly howbeit his enimies had scarcely cast from them their boughes when Makbeth perceiuing their numbers betook him streight to flight whom Makduffe pursued with great hatred eueÌ„ till he came vnto Lunfannain where Makbeth perceiuing that Makduffe was hard at his back leapt beside his horse saying thou traytor what meaneth it that thou shouldest thus in vaine follow me that am not appoynted to be slain by any creature that is borne of a woman come on therefore and receyue thy rewarde which thou hast deserued for thy paynes and therewithall he lyfted vp his sworde thinking to haue slaine him But Makduffe quickly auoyding from his horse ere he came at him answered with his naked sworde in his hande saying it is true Makbeth and now shall thine insatiable crueltie haue an ende for I am euen he that thy wysards haue tolde the of who was neuer borne of my mother but ripped out of hir wombe therewithall he stept vnto him slue him in the place Makbeth is slaine Then cutting his heade from the shoulders hee set it vpon a poll and brought it vnto Malcolme This was the end of Makbeth after he had raigned .xvij. yeares ouer the Scottishmen In the beginning of his raigne he accomplished many worthie actes right profitable to the common wealth as ye haue heard but afterwarde by illusion of the diuell he defamed â—…he same with most terrible crueltie He was slaine in the yeare of the incarnation 1057. and in the .xvj. 1057. Io. Ma. 1061. H.B. 8. H.B. yeare of king Edwardes raigne ouer the English men MAlcolme Cammore thus recouering the realme as ye haue hearde by support of king Edward in the .xvj. Malcolme yeare of the same Edwards raign he was crowned at Scone the .xxv day of April in the yeare of our Lorde .1057 Immediately after his coronation he called a Parliament at Forfair A Parliament at Forfair in the which he rewarded them with landes and liuings that had assisted him agaynst Makbeth aduauncing them to fees and offices as he saw cause and commaunded that specially those that bare the surname of any office or landes shoulde haue and enioye the same He created many Earles Lordes Barons and Knightes Thanes changed into Earles Many of them that before were Thanes were at this time made Earles as Fife Menteth Atholl Leuenox Murray Cathnes Rosse and Angus These were the first Earles that haue beene heard of amongest the Scottishe men as their hystories make mention Many new surnames were takeÌ„ vp at this time amongst them Surnames as Cauder Lokart Gordon Seyton Lauder Wawane Meldrun Schaw Leirmouth Libertoun Strachquhen Cargill Rattrey Dundas Cockbourne Myrtoun MenÈeis Abercrummy Lesly with many other that had possessions giuen to them which gaue names to the owners for the time Others got their surnames by offices as Stewarde Durwarde and Banerman Also the proper names of many valiant captaynes were turned into generall surnames as Kennedy Graham Hay with dyuerse other to long here to rehearse So that it came to passe then as it hath done many tymes sithence that new surnames haue worne the olde out of vse In the foresayde Parliament thus holden at Forfair in the beginning of his raign there were many holesome ordinances established both apperteyning to ciuill administration and also to the ecclesiasticall iurisdiction In rewarde also of Makduffes seruice Makduffes Earle of Fife his aduauncement who as ye haue heard chiefly ayded him to the atteyning of the crowne he honoured him and his posteritie with three sortes of priuiledges Fyrst that the Earle of Fife for the tyme being Priuiledges graunted vnto Makduffes lynage at the coronation of a king should by his office set the crowne on the kings head The second was that when the king should giue battaile to his enimies the same Earle should leade the vauntgard of his host The thirde that the lynage of Makduffe should enioy regall authoritie and power within al their lands roomthes as to appoynt officers and iudges for the hearing and determining of all matters and controuersies treason onely excepted and that if any of their men or tenants were called to answere in any Court out of their circuit they might appeale to their owne iudges to bee appoynted as before is expressed Iohannes Maior wryteth in his Chronicle Iohannes Maior that the thirde priuiledge which Malcolme graunted vnto this Makduffe and his posteritie was this that for euery Gentleman that any of theÌ„ should hap to kill by chaunce medley and not vpon pretensed malice for the summe of .xxiiij. markes he should redeeme his punishment due for the same for the casuall slaughter of a meaner person he should be fined at .xij. Markes so that murtherers were wont to say that if they were able to pay that summe vnto the Kynboc then ought to be released of further punitian by Makduffes priuiledge But this third priuiledge togither with the other two former grauntes the sayde Maior sore reproueth and not without cause as maye appeare considering the naturall inclination of that people vnto murther which by this meanes nourishing secrete hatred and malice in theyr heartes might vnder the clokeÌ„ of casuall falling out slea whom they lusted It was ordeyned also at this Parliament that Barons which had liberties within theÌ„selues Gybets and draw welles should make gybbets whereon men that deserued death shoulde suffer execution and also draw Welles wherein women that were condemned should be drowned according to the order of the ciuill lawes vsed in Scotland Makbethes lawes abrogated Moreouer all the lawes that Makbeth had ordeyned were abrogate at this Parliament Thus whilest Malcolme was busied in setting orders amongst his subiects tydings came that one Lugtake surnamed the foole Luktake being eyther the sonne or as some write the cousin of the late mentioned Makbeth was conueyed wyth a great number of such as had taken part with the sayde Makbeth vnto Seone Lugtake crowned at Scone and there by their support receyued the Crowne as lawfull inheritor thereto To appease this businesse was Makduffe Earle of Fife sent with full commission in the kings name Lugtake
army after y e feast of the Epiphanie entred into England The Bishoprike of Durham burnt by the Scottes comming to Daâ—â—ngton stayed there for a season whilest the Lord Iames Dowglas and the Lord Steward of Scotlande went abrode to harie and spoyle the countrey on eche side the one of them passing forth towardes Hartilpoole Cliueland and the other towardes Richmond Richmondshire redemed from spoyle with a summe of money The inhabitants of Richmondshire hauing no captain amongst them to defend their countrey from that grieuous inuasion of the enimie gaue a great summe of money in like maner as at other times they had don to haue their couÌ„try spared from fire spoyle The Scots taryed at this time about .xv. dayes within Englande in the end returned without battaile For when the Knightes of the north Countreys repayred to the Duke of Lancaster then lying at Pomfret and offred to goe into the field with him agaynst the Scots The Duke of Lancasters disloyaltie he would not once styrre his foote by reason of the discorde that was depending betwixt him and king Edward but howsoeuer the matter went king Edward sore grieued in hys minde with such inuasion made by his enimies the Scots he gaue order to leuie an army of an hundred thousand men what on horsebacke and on foote as the report went appoynting them to be readie to enter into Scotlande at Lanynas next wherof king Robert being aduertised King Robert inuadeth Englande ment to preuent him and therevpon in the Octaues of the natiuitie of Saint Iohn Baptist hee entred into Englande with an armie neare to Carleil burnt a manor place that sometime belonged to him at Rosse Allerdale The Abbey of Holme burnt spoiled the monastery of Holme notwithstaÌ„ding his fathers corps was there interred FroÌ„ thence he marched forward destroying and spoyling the country of Copland so keeping vpon his iourney passed Doden sandes towards the Abbay of Furneis Fourneis Abbey but y e Abbot meeting him on the way redeemed his landes from spoile and brought king Robert to his house and made to him great chere but yet the Scots could not hold their hanors from burning and spoyling dyuerse places Leuyn sandes And marching forwarde vnto Cartmele beyond Leuyn sands brent spoyled all the countrey about except a Priorie of blacke Chanons which stood there Passing from thence they came to Lancaster which towne they also brent The towne of Lancaster brunt saue onely the Priorie of blacke Monkes and a house of preaching Friers Here came to them the Erle of Murrey and the Lorde Iames Dowglas with an other armie wherevpon marching further southwards they came to Preston in Anderneis Preston in Anderneis burnt brent that towne also the house of Friers minors only excepted And thus being lxxx miles within England froÌ„ their owne borders they returned homewards w t al their prisoners cattel other booties which they had got in that iorney coÌ„ming to Carleil in the vigill of S. Margaret lodging about that towne the space of .v. dayes they wasted destroyed the corne al other things y t came within their reach Which done on S. Iames euen they entred into Scotland again hauing bene within England at this time three weekes and three dayes Immediately herevpon to wit about the feast of Lammas King Edwarde rayseth an armie King Edwarde with his armie came to Newcastell and desirous to be reuenged of suche iniuries done to his subiects entred into Scotlande He entred Scotlande and passing forth till he came to Edenbourgh through want of vitayles and other necessarie prouision he was constrayned to returne home within the space of .xv. dayes For king Robert aduertised of his coÌ„ming had caused all the corne and cattell in the Countrey to be conueyed out of the way into certain strengthes where the English men might not come to get it into their handes so to relieue themselues therewith But in their returning homewardes somewhat to reuenge their displeasures they spoyled brunt the Abbayes of Melrose and Drybourgh The Abbeyes of Mewrose or Melrose and Drybourgh burned with diuerse other religious houses places not sparing any kinde of crueltie agaynst all those of the inhabitants that fell into their handes In reuenge hereof King Robert shortly after entred with a puissant army into England King Robert inuadeth the north partes of England approching almost to York spoyling and wasting the Countrey till he câ—…me almost to Yorke At length hearing that king Edwarde was comming towards him with an army he chose a plot of grounde betwixt the Abbay of Bysâ—…nde and S. Sauiour there to abyde battayle whiche King Edward refused not to giue though in the end he was put to flight with his whole power King Edwarde is put to flight and chased with great slaughter both of English men and Normans whiche were there in hys ayde The Earle of Richmont is taken Diuerse also of the Nobilitie were taken prisoners as Iohn de Brytaine Earle of Richmont and Henrie Sowly with others This battaile was fought in the yeare of our sauiour 1323 .xv. dayes after the feast of Saint Michael the Archangell 1323 Ri. Southwel Riuale Abbay King Edward lying the same time at the Abbay of Riuale aduertised of this ouerthrowe fled and got him into Yorke leauing his plate and much other stuffe behind him for want of cariage in that his sodaine departure which the Scottes comming thither founde and tooke away with them And from thence they passed forth into Yorkswolde spoyling and wasting the countrey euen vnto Beuerley Yorkeswolde wasted by Scottes which town for a summe of money they were contented to spare and so then they returned homewardes entering agayne into Scotlande on all Soules daye whiche is the seconde of Nouember after they had remayned wythin Englande at that tyme the space of a Month and foure dayes Shortly after king Robert sent an Ambassadour to the French King to renue the auncient bonde of amitie betwixte the two Realmes of which might be auouched for any cause or consideration from the beginning of the worlde vnto that present day After the returne of sir Iames Dowglas forth of Fraunce with so good expedition and dispatch of that businesse where aboute he was sent King Robert right ioyfull thereof A Parliament at Cambuskenneth assembled a Parliament of the Nobles and other estates of the Realme at Cambuskenneth where hee procured a new acte to be established touching the succession of the crowne An act for the succession of the crowne which was that if his sonne Dauid deceassed without heires of his body lawfully begotten that then Robert Steward begotten on Mariorie Bruce his daughter should succeede in possession of the Crowne All the Lordes at the same time were sworne to mainteyne this ordinance In the meane while King Edward the thirde sent vnto king Robert for
was slain and diuerse Barons on his side although the victorie and field remayned with his sonne the maister of Crawforde who succeeded his father and was called Earle Beirdy On the Erle of Huntleys syde were slaine Iohn Forbes of Petslege Alexander Berckley of Gartulye Robert Maxwell of Telyne William Gurdun of Burrowfielde Sir Iohn Oliphant of Aberdagie and fiue hundred more on theyr syde and one hundred of the victorers were also slaine as Hector Boetius hath Who likewise reporteth that the occasion of thys battayle dyd chaunce through the varyaunce that fell ouâ—…e betwixt the Earle of Crawfordes eldest sonne Alexander Lyndsey and Alexander Ogilbye or Ogiluie as some write him aboute the office of the Balifewike of Arbroth the which the Maister of Crawforde enioying was displaced and put out by the sayde Ogiluie Wherevpon the Maister of Crawforde to recouer his right as he tooke it got a power togither with helpe of the Hamiltons and with the same seased vpon the Abbay and Ogiluie with helpe of the Erle of Huntly came thither with an armie to recouer the place againe out of his aduersaries handes and so vpon knowledge hereof gyuen vnto the Earle of Crawforde he himselfe comming from Dundee vnto Arbroth at the very instant when the battails were readie to ioyne caused first his sonne to stay after calling forth sir Alexander Ogiluie to talke with him in purpose to haue made peace betwixt him his sonne was thrust into the mouth with a speare by a coÌ„mon souldier that knewe nothing what his demaundment so that he fel downe therewith and presently died in the place whervpon togither the parties went incoÌ„tinently without more protracting of time and so fought with such successe as before ye haue heard The Erle of Huntley escaped by flight but Alexander Ogiluie being taken and sore wounded was led to the castel of Fineluin where shortly after he died of his hurtes This battaile was fought the .xxiij. of Ianuarie 1445 The Castell of Edenburgh besieged in the yeare of our Lorde .1445 This yeare also or as Hector Boetius hath in the yere next insuing the castell of Edenburgh was besieged by the space of .ix. monethes by the king the Erle of Dowglas sir WilliaÌ„ Creichton being within it At length it was giuen ouer vpon certain coÌ„ditions the said sir William restored to the office of Chancellor againe but hee would not meddle with the ordering of the kings businesse staying for a time more conuenient Sir Iames Stewarde surnamed the blacke knight husband to the Queene the kings mother Iames Steward is banished the realme was banished the realme for speaking wordes against the misgouernment of the king realme wherwith he offended the Erle of Dowglas As he passed the seas towards Flanders He dyed he was takeÌ„ by the Flemings shortly after departed this life The queen his wife being aduertised of his death died also within a while after The Queene dyed 1446 was buried in the Charterhouse of Perth the .xv. of Iuly in y e yeare 1446. Hir name was Iane Somerset daughter to the Erle of Somerset Iames the first maried hir as before ye may reade in England She had by him .viij. childreÌ„ two sonnes .vj. daughters which were all honourably maried the first named Margaret to the Dolphin of Fraunce the seconde Eleanore to the Duke of Brytayne the thirde to the Lorde of Terueer in Zelande the fourth to the Duke of Austrich the fifth to the Earle of Huntley and the sixth to the Earle of Morton And by Iames Stewarde hir seconde husbande she had three sonnes Iohn Earle of Athole Iames Erle of Buchquhan and Androw Bishop of Murrey Soone after sir William Creichton with the Bishop of Dunkelde Nicholas Oterburn a Canon of Glasgâ—…w were sent in ambassade vnto the duke of Gelderland for his daughter called Marie King Iames maryed a daughter of Gelderland to be ioyned in mariage with K. Iames. Their suite was obteyned the Ladie sent into Scotland nobly accoÌ„panied with diuerse Lordes both spirituall and temporall At hir arryuall shee was receyued by the king with great triumph and the maryage solemnized by the assistaunce of all the Nobles of Scotland with great banketting ioyfull myrth and all pleasant intertainment of those strangers that might be 1447 In the yeare 1447. ther was a Parliament holden at Edenbourgh in the which sir Alexander Leuingston of Calender late gouernor Iames Dundas and Robert Dundas knightes aâ—… the pursuite of the Earle of Dowglas were forfalted and condemned to perpetuall prison in Dunbrytan and Iames Leuingston his eldest sonne Robert Leuingston Treasorer and Dauid Leuingston knights lost their heades Iames before his execution made a very wise oration to the standers by Iames Leuingston made an Oration declaring the instabilitie of fortune chauÌ„ge of court exhorting al persons to beware thereof sith enuye euer followed high estate and wicked malice neuer suffred good men to gouerne long W. Creichton condemned In the same Parliament sir William Creichton was also forfalted for diuerse causes but principally for that his seruants would not deliuer the house of Chreichton to the kings heralde who charged them so to do This forfalture was coÌ„cluded in parliament by vertue of an act which the saide William when he was Chancellor caused to be made so being the first inuenter was also the first against whom it was practised Incursions made 1448 The yeare next ensuing were sundris incursions made betwixt Scots and EnglishmeÌ„ on the borders Dunfreis was burnt and likewise Anwike in EnglaÌ„d but shortly after a truce was concluded for .vij. yeres great offers of friendship made by the English men for to haue the warres cease on that side bicause the warre betwixt theÌ„ Fraunce was very hotely pursued and ciuill dissention disquieted the state of EnglaÌ„d which was raysed betwixt y e two houses of LaÌ„caster York 1450 English men fetch booties 〈◊〉 of Scotlande The English borderers of the west Marches fetched a great bootie of cattell out of Scotlande notwithstanding the truce in reuenge whereof the Scots inuading England wasted the countrey burnt townes and villages slue the people and with a great praye of prisoners goodes and cattel The Sâ—…ntes made Englande returned home into Scotland Herewith followed dayly rodes and forrayes made on both sides betwixt the Scottes and English men and that with such rage and crueltie that a great part of Cumberland was in maner layde wast for on that side the Scots chiefly made their inuasions bycause that from thence the first occasion of all this mischiefe might seeme to haue had the beginning WheÌ„ such things were certified to the king of Englandes counsell an army was appointed forthwith to inuade ScotlaÌ„d vnder y e leading of the Earle of Northumberland A knight named Magnus of one Magnus surnamed redbeard a captain of great experience as he that had bene trayned
possyble diligence In the meane time whiles the Queene was preparyng to take hir iourney and to come into Scotlande the Queene of Englande set foorth some of hir greate shippes to the seas to watche and garde the coastes of hyr Realme Shippes wai◅e in the narrowe Seas Wherof they beyng aduertised in Fraunce sent the Abbot of S. Colmes Inche to the Queene of Englande to desire of hir a safeconduit A safeconduit required in case by winde or tempest shee chaunced to land in Englande but before hee was retourned to Calais therewyth as hee was appoynted the Queene and hir retinue were safely landed in Scotlande neuerthelesse Certain Ships taken the English shippes tooke some of the Scottish Lords as the Earle of Eglenton his shippe and others whiche were brought into Englande and stayed for a tyme but were after releassed and sente home into Scotland The Queene also by the aduise of the King of Fraunce Monsieur Doysell sente Monsieur Doysell into England to passe through the same into Scotland before hir comming there to haue receyued the fortes of Dunbar and Inskeith of Monsieur Charleboys and to haue kepte the same till hir comming but he was stayed and passed no further than to London for it was thoughte that his going into Scotlande woulde turne to no great benefite of that Realme bycause that hee and Monsieur Rubey were the principall authours of all the troubles in Scotlande betwixte the Queene Regente and the nobilitie there The Queene was companyed vnto Calais She was attended on from Paris vnto Calais with many noble menne namely hir syxe Vncles the Dukes of Guise and Daumale the Cardinals of Lorayne and Guyse the Grand Priour and y e Marques Dalbeuf also y e Duke de Nemours and other of hir friends and kinsmen She taketh hir iourney towards Scotlād There were two Galleys prepared and certaine other Shippes to goe with hir into Scotland and there went with hir three of hir sayde Vncles the Duke Daumale the Graund Priour and the Marques Dalbeuf also Monsieur Danuille the Connestables sonne and dyuers other The Queene arriued at Leith Shee arriued at Leith the twentith daye of August in the yeare of our Lord .1561 where she was honorably receyued by the Earle of Argile the Lorde Erskin the Prior of Saint Andrewes and of the burgesses of Edenburgh and conueyghed to the Abbey of Holy Roode house Costly iewels She brought with hir into Scotland many rich and costly iewelles of gold worke precious stones orient pearle and such like as excellente and faire as were to bee found within Europe with riche furniture of housholde as hangings carpets counterpointes and al other necessaries for the furnishing of hir princely houses Hir houshold stuff The chiefest parte of the hangings and other furniture of housholde was shipped at Roane and arriued at Leith in the moneth of October next following After the Queene of Scottes had remayned the space of foure or fiue dayes at Holy Roode house the Duke of Chatellereault the Earle of Argile An acte made concerning Religion and diuers other of the nobilitie beeyng present there was an acte made by the Lords of the Counsell with consent of the Queene that to remoue all causes of trouble in time to come for the matter of Religion it was ordeined that no alteration of the estate of Religion publikely standing within the Realme at hir arriuall in the same shoulde bee made and that nothing shoulde bee attempted eyther publikely or priuately to the contrary vpon great payne which was set forth and published through all partes of the Realme with great diligence Some appointed to be of the Queenes Counsell After this there were eleuen temporal Lords and one Bishop chosen to be of the Queenes secret counsell by whose aduice shee shoulde rule and gouerne things sixe of them to remayne continully with hir Secretary Comptroller Lords of the priuie Counsel in roomth of officers as the Secretary Comptroller and others The Lordes of the priuie Counsell were these the Duke of Chatellereault the Earle of Huntley Chancellor the Earle of Argile the Earle of Atholl the Earle Marshall the Earle of Glencarne the Earle of Morton the Erle of Montrose the Earle of Errol Maister Henrye Sinclar Bishoppe of Rosse and the Lorde Erskin The Duke Daumalle Daumall w◅ with the two Galleys into Fraunce after he had remayned with the Queene a certayne time tooke leaue of hir and with the Galleys returned into France The Graunde Priour The rest we◅ through England into France and Monsieur Danuille tarried somewhat longer and past through England into France The Marquesse Daulbeuf tarried in Scotlande all the nexte Winter till the spring of the yeare and then returned into France through England The Towne of Edenburgh prepared greate and costly triumphes for the Queenes entring whiche shee made into that Towne the day of September A preparatio◅ of triumphes After this she passed vnto Striueling The Queene visited the Townes and from thence to Perth and then to Dundee and after to Sainte Andrewes into which townes shee was receyued with greate honor and triumph From Saint Andrewes shee returned vnto Edenburgh where shee remayned all the nexte Winter In December An assemble of the Lords there was a great assemble of all the principall Lords Spirituall and temporall of the Realme where it was demaunded of the Prelates to graunte the third part of the fruites of their benefices to y e Queene The thirde part of the Spirituall liuings demaunded towards the bearing of hir charges for the maintenance of hir trayne and to susteyne the Ministers tyll some order were taken to maynteyne hir housholde and a garde to attende on hir by the aduise of the estates The Prelates agreed for the Queenes pleasure to supporte hir with the fourth parte of the fruites of their benefices for one yeares space only to help to beare hir charges and to susteine hir garde and in the meane time order myghte bee taken by the aduise of the whole estates for the same But notwithstanding the refusall of the Prelates to pay the third part the Lords of the priuie Counsell made an acte An acte for the Cleargy and set forth letters that all the Prelates and beneficed menne should be charged to pay yeerely to y e Queenes Comptroller and his Collector the hole thirds of all fruites of their benefices and that it should be lawfull to the Controller and his deputies to take the thirde of what parte of euerye benefice where he best pleased and to deale therewith at his pleasure Also to haue to doe with the rentes of Brotherhoodes of common Churches and such like This order hathe bin deserued euer sithence not without greate grudge of the Prelates and other beneficed menne of the Realme and theyr friends as well those that professed the reformed Religion as others 1562 Iames Steward ◅e Earle of ◅rey The
The Gordons are imprisoned were chardged to enter into warde About the same time the Erle of Bothwell The Earle Bothwell escaped out of prison who vpon displeasure conceyued againste hym aboute a quarrell betwixte hym and the Earle of Arrane hadde bin committed to prison in Easter weeke last before past escaped out of Dauids Tower in Edenburgh at a window In October the Earle of Huntley came with an armye to Cornethie in Mar The Earle of Huntley slayne where hee was slaine and Iohn Gordon hys sonne taken prisoner and broughte to Aberdene the nine and twentith daye of October Greate Summes of money were taken and leuied of them for that trespasse The Lorde Gordon was taken by the duke of Chatellerault hys father in lawe The Lorde Gordon is taken prisoner at Cumernoul and brought to Edenburghe where hee was putte in the Castell and after by a iurye conuicte forfalted and condempned to dye and sente to Dunbarre Castel there to remayne in warde where hee continued till the yeare of God .1565 1563 â—… Parliament The Queene helde a Parliament in Edenburgh where the Earle of Huntleys dead body was broughte presente before the estates in the Talbuith and forfalted The acte of â—…ion ratiâ—… The Earle of Sutherland was forfalted also and diuers other of their friendes and in thys Parliamente the acte of obliuion was ratified and approued and dyuers other newe actes made The Queene â—…th a Progresse This yeare in August the Queene wente a progresse into Argile This yeare deceassed diuers counsellors or Senators of the Colledge of Iustice as maister Iohn StephaÌ„son Chancellor of Glasquho and the Prouost of Corstrophine In place of the firste Maister Iohn Leslie officiall of Aberdene â—…e Offiâ—…a was promoted and in the Prouosts place Maister Iames Baulfour succeeded 1564 Ambassadors 〈◊〉 Sweden There came an Ambassador from the king of Sweden to treate of marriage to bee contracted with the Queene but his message was not regarded The seconde of Iuly Henrye Sinclar Byshoppe of Rosse shipped at Leith to passe into France The Bishoppe 〈◊〉 Rose went 〈◊〉 Fraunce to procure some helpe of his disease He was cut of the stone in Paris and dyed the second of Ianuary next after There succeded to that Bishopricke of Rosse Maister Iohn Leslie Person of Ouen beeing then one of the Senatours of the session and Colledge of Iustice In the moneth of August the Queene past into Atholl in Progresse The Queenes â—…esse and from thence to Badzenocht to Inuernes and to the Chanonrie of Rosse and returned through Murrey to Gartley Aberdene Dumâ—…oter and so to Edenburgh where shee remayned the nexte Winter The Earle of Lennox came into Scotland In the moneth of October the Earle of Lennox came into Scotland and for his cause there was a Parliamente holden in December in which he was restored to all his landes honors and dignities within that Realme A Progresse In Ianuary y e Queene tooke hir iourney through Fiffe and in manye Gentlemens places was banquetted in whiche time Henry Stewarde Lorde Darneley Lord Darnley came into Scotland a goodly man of personage and sonne to the Earle of Lennox came into Scotlande where hee came to the Queenes presence in the Weames the ninth day of February The Queene so well liked him 1565 A Parliament that she assembled all the temporall Lordes togyther at Striueling in the moneth of Aprill and there obteyned of them their consents that she might marrie the sayd Lord Darneley After this he was made Earle of Rosse Lord Darneley iâ—… made earle of Rosse In the meane time the Queene of England sent Sir Nicholas Throckmorton into Scotlande The Queene of Englande diswaded that marriage to vnderstande the proceedings in the Queenes marriage with the Lord Darneley and for other affaires who came to the assemble at Striueling to that effect The Queene of Scottes sent maister Iohn Hay Abbot of Balmerinoch into Englande to the Queene to mitigate hir displeasure towards the Lorde Darnlie and to obtaine hir consent to the marriage who aunswered Ambassage sente into Englande that she ment to send an Ambassador of hir owne into Scotlande for that and other causes and according to hir promise shee sente one Shortly after certaine captaines and men of warre in Saint Andrews Dundee The Earle of Murrey a sulter vnto the Queene and saint Iohns towne receyued money about the same time of the earle of Murrey to take parte wyth hym for the which they were after punished After the assemble at Striueling the Queene seemed not to like of the Earle of Murrey so well as shee had done beefore wherevppon hee departed the Courte and repaired vnto Sainct Androws where throughe the counsell of certayne persons hee soughte wayes to stoppe the marriage The Queene neuerthelesse sente the Byshoppe of Dunblane to Rome for a dispensation to marrie wyth the Lorde Darnelie Dispensation hadde from Rome for to marrye beeyng hir cousin in the seconde degree of coÌ„sanguinitie whiche hee obtayned and sente it home shortely after The Queene was then principally counselled by the Erles of Atholl and Lennox the Lord Ruthuen and their friends In the meane time the Earle of Murrey perswaded the Duke of Chatelleraulte Consultation to stoppe the marriage the Earle of Argile and sundrye other to meete at Striueling where they made a bande to stoppe the marriage alledging the same to bee made for mayntenance of the Religion The Queene aduertised thereof releassed the Lorde Gordon forthe of prison Gordon is created Earle of Huntley wherein hee hadde bene kepte within the Castell of Dunbar and restoring hym to hys fathers landes created hym Earle of Huntley She also sent for the Erle of Bothwel to returne home Bothwell is sent for who was vanished and was then in Fraunce Lord Darneley is made Duke of Albany In the moneth of Iuly the Lord Darnely Earle of Rosse was made Duke of Albany and on Saterday at euen the eyght and twentith daye of the same moneth before the marriage Lord Darneley is proclaymed King he was proclaymed King by y e Queenes commaundemente at the Market crosse of Edenburgh and on the nine and twentith daye of the same moneth The Queene is married he was married to y e Queene in the Chappell of Holy Roode house at fiue of the clocke in the morning Shortly after the Duke of Chatellerault the Earles of Argile Certaine lords refuse to appeare before the Queene Murrey and their complices were sommoned to appeare before the Queene and hir Counsell within sixe dayes and bycause they refused so to do they were put to the Horne The Queene assembled an army and wente to Glasquo to pursue them An army gathered against them and the Duke and Erles with other of their company came to Edenburgh where the Castell shotte off at them and therefore they departed towards Dunfreis
and maynteyned a true quarrell til his liues ende Also his enimies continued not long after but came to euill ende Others conceyued an other opinion of hym alledging that hee fauoured not his wife but lyued in spouse breache Sâ—… Sâ—â—tlike partes defiling a greate number of damosels Gentlewomen If any offended him he slew him shortly after in his wrathfull moode Apostataes and other euill doers he mainteyned and would not suffer them to be punished by due order of lawe All his doings hee vsed to coÌ„mitte vnto one of his Secretaries and tooke no heede himselfe thereof and as for the manner of his death he fledde shamefully in the fight and was taken and put to death against his will bycause he could not auoide it yet by reason of certayne miracles whiche were said to be done neere to the place both where he suffered and where hee was buried caused many to thinke he was a Sainct howbeit at length by the Kings commaundement the Church dores of the Priory where hee was buried were shut and closed so that no man might be suffered to come to the tombe to bryng any offerings or to do any other kinde of deuotion to the same Also the hill where hee suffered Caxtâ—â— was kept by certaine Gascoignes appoynted by the L. Hugh Spencer the sonne as then lying at Pounfret to the ende that no people shoulde come and make their prayers there in worship of the said Earle whome they tooke verily for a Martir When the King had subdued the Barons shortly after A Parliament at Yorke aboute the feast of the Ascention of our Lord he held a ParliameÌ„t at Yorke in whiche Parliament the record and whole processe of the decree or iudgement concerning the disinheriting of the Spencers ordeined by the Lordes in Parliament assembled at London The râ—… touchâ—… â–ª aâ—… banishiâ—… 〈◊〉 the Spenceâ—… reuersed the last sommer was now throughly examined and for their errors therein found the same recorde and processe was cleerely adnihillated and reuersed and the sayd Spencers were restored to al their lands and offices â—…eation of â—…rles as before And in the same ParliameÌ„t the Lorde Hugh Spencer the father was made Earle of Winchester and the Lorde Andrew de Herkley Earle of Careleill Moreouer in the same Parliamente all suche were disinherited as had taken part with y e Erles of Lancaster Hereford â—…he Lorde â—…deley â—…doned except the Lorde Hugh Audeley the yonger and a few other the whyche Lord Hugh was pardoned bycause he had married the Kings neece that was sister to Gilberte de Clare Earle of Gloucester which was slayne in Scotlande at the battell of Bannockesborne as before is mentioned Robert Baldocke is maâ—…e 〈◊〉 Chancellor Polidor Also master Robert Baldocke a man euil beloued in the Realme is made Lord Chancellour of England This Robert Baldocke and one Simon Reding were great fauourers of y e SpeÌ„cers and so likewise was the Earle of Arundell and thereby it may be thought that the Spencers did help to aduance them into the Kings fauour so that they bare no small rule in the Realme during the time that the same Spencers continued in prosperitie which for y e tearme of fiue yeres after that the foresaide Barons as before is expressed were brought to confusion did wonderfully encrease The Queene â—…iueth good â—…ouncell and the Queene for that she gaue good and faithfull counsaile was nothing regarded but by the Spencers meanes cleerely worne out of the Kings fauour The kings â—…dest sonne â—…eated prince 〈◊〉 Wales Moreouer we finde that in this Parliament holden at Yorke the Kings eldest sonne Edward was made Prince of Wales and Duke of Aquitaine Also the King caused the ordinances made by the Earles and Barons to be examined by men of great knowledge and skill and suche as were thought necessary to be established he commaunded that the same shoulde be called statutes Statutes and not ordinances Beside a great subsedie graunted to the King by the Temporaltie A subsedie the Cleargie of the prouince of Caunterburie graunted fiue peÌ„ce of euery marke and they of y e prouince of Yorke four pence Aymer Earle of Pembroke beeing returned home from this Parliamente holden at Yorke Addition to Triuet The Earle of Pembroke arrested was arrested by certaine Knightes sent with authoritie thereto from the King who brought him backe to Yorke where at length through sute of certayne noble men hee was vpon his oth taken to be a faithfull subiect and in consideration of a fine whiche hee payed to the King set at libertie The occasion of his emprisonmente came for that he was accused and detected to bee a secrete fauourer of the Barons cause against the Spencers in time of the late troubles Moreouer shortly after Fabian the King gathered the sixth peny of the temporall mens goodes thorough Englande Irelande and Wales whyche had bin graunted to him at the foresaide Parliament holden at Yorke towards the defending of the Realme against the Scottes This taxe was not gathered withoute greate murmure and grudge the Realme beeing in such euill and miserable state as it then was This yeare also the sunne appeared to mans sighte in coulour like to bloud and so continued sixe houres that is to witte from seuen of the clocke in y e morning of y e last day of October vnto one of y e clocke in the after none of y e same day Kyng Edwarde being thus besette with two mischiefes both at one time thought good first to prouide remedie againste the neerer daunger whiche by the Scottes was still at hande and therefore he meant to goe against them hymselfe and to send his brother Edmond Earle of Kent into Guyenne to defende that countrey from the Frenchmen An. reg 16. Heerevppon nowe in the sixteenth yeare of hys raigne after that y e Scottes were returned home with a great bootie and rich spoyle The King goeth into Scotlande with an army Rich. South Merimouth he gote togyther a wonderfull greate army of men and entring into Scotland passed far within the CouÌ„trey not finding any resistance at all as the most parte of oure writers doe agree but at length through famine and diseases of the flixe and other maladies that fell amongst the Englishmen in the army hee was constreyned to come backe and in his way besieged the Castell of Norham whiche fortresse hee wanne within tenne dayes after he had begun to assault it Robert Bruce immediately after the English army was retired home reysed a power and entring into England by Sulway sands lay at a place called Beaumond not past three myles from Careleill by the space of fiue dayes sending in the meane time the most parte of his army abroade to spoyle and harrie the countrey on euery side and afterwardes remouing from thence hee passeth towardes Blackamore hauing knowledge by diligente espials that King Edwarde was in those parties giuing hymselfe
contrary so maskered his vnderstanding that in the ende they brought him to tract the steppes of lewde demeanor and so were causers both of hys and their owne destruction The Frenchmen not ignoraunte of suche mischiefes as were like to growe in Englande suffered no time to passe but tooke occasioÌ„s of aduantage when they were offered Among other enterprises I finde Froissart that shortly after the decesse of King Edwarde the Duke of Burgoigne wanne Arde and two or three other fortresses in those marches The Scottes this yeare also wanne the Castell of Barwike by stelthe one morning Froissart Barwik castell won by the Scottes but shortly vpon knowledge had the Earles of Northumberland and Notingham the Lordes Neuile Lucy Graystocke and Stafford with other Lords Knightes and Esquiers came with their powers in all hast thither and entring y e towne besieged the Castell and finally assaulting them that kept it wanne it of them by force Barvvik castell recouered by the Englishmen and slewe all those Scottishmen whych they found within it excepte Alexander Raniscy theyr Capitayne When the Englishmen had thus recouered the Castell they entred into Scotland in hope to find the Scottes and to fight with theÌ„ whome they knew to be assembled The Englishe host was three thousande men of armes and seauen thousand archers but they sent forth Sir Thomas Musgraue with three hundred Speares and three hundred archers to Meuros to trie if he might vnderstand any thing of the Scottes in those parties with whome the Earle Douglas An ouerthrow giuen by the Scots to the englishmen hauing with him seauen hundred Speares and two thousand of other called yomeÌ„ with glaiues and other weapons encountred by chance and distressed him and his company Sir Thomas Musgraue himselfe and sixe score other were taken prisoners besides those that were slayne the residue escaped by flighte making the best shifte they coulde for them selues The L. Neuill Sir Thomas Triuet sir Wil. Scrope and dyuers other valiant Captaines of Englande were sente into Gascoigne this yeare whiche first landed at Burdeaux on the euen of the Natiuitie of oure Lady where after they had rested them a while The siege of Mortaigne raysed they went and reysed the siege which the frenchmen hadde held before Mortaigne in Poictowe a long time before Gouernour of thys siege at the firste was Yuan or Owen of Wales but hee was murthered one morning as hee sate alone viewing the Castell and combing his head by one of his owne Contreymen which vnder coulour to serue hym was become with him very familiar This Owen or Yuan whether ye wil for all is one was sonne to a noble man of Wales whome King Edward had put to death for some offence by him committed where thys Yuan got him into Fraunce being as then very yong and was brought vp in the French Court and proued an expert maÌ„ of warre so that great lamentation was made for his deathe by the Frenchmen But the Englishmenne although they misliked y e maner of his death yet they were not greatly sorowfull for the chaunce sith they were ridde thereby of an extreame enimy After that the Englishmenne hadde reysed the Frenchmen from the siege of Mortagne they returned to Burdeaux and after recouered sundry Castels and fortresses in the marches of Burdeloys and about Bayone Also they ayded the K. of Nauarre against the King of Castille made a roade into the confynes of Castille but shortly after a peace was concluded betwixte those two Kings so that the Lorde Charles of Nauarre should marrie the daughter of the King of Castille vpon certain conditions and so the Englishmen had their wages truely paide them and therevpon returned A ParliameÌ„t Tho. VVals About Michaelmas began a ParliameÌ„t that was summoned at Westminster whiche continued til the feast of Saint Andrew In this parliament the foresayde Sir Peter de la Mere and other the Knightes that hadde bin so earnest against Dame Alice Perers in the fast ParliameÌ„t holden by King Edward the third so prosecuted the same cause now in this Parliament that the sayde Dame Aliâ—… Perers was banished the Realme and all hir goodes moueable and vnmoueable forfeyted to the King bycause coÌ„trary to that shee had promised by oth in the saide last Parliament she hadde presumed to come within the Courte and to obteyne of the King what so euer was to hir liking There was two tenthes graunted by the Cleargie to the King in this Parliament two fifteenes of the temporaltie to bee paide the same yeare Two Citizens of London appointed to keepe the subsedie graÌ„ted by Parliament and two Citizens of London William Walworth and Iohn Philpot were appoynted to haue the keeping of that money to the ende it might be employed to the Kings necessary vses for defence of the Realme Sir Hugh Caluerley a valiant Captayne Sir Hugh Caluerley beeing deputie of Calais comming one morning to Bulloigne brent certaine Shippes which lay there in the hauen to the number of sixe and twentie besides two proper barkes beeing vessels of no small accompte And hauing spoiled and breÌ„t the most part of the base Towne he returned to Calais with a great rich booty of goodes and Cattell Also where the Castell of Marke in absence of the Captain sir Robert de Salle that was gâ—… ouer into England was lost through negligince of them that were left in charge within it the same sir Hugh Caluerley made such speede in the matter Maâ—…e 〈…〉 â—…erley 〈◊〉 same day 〈◊〉 was lâ—… that he recouered it againe the same daye it was lost by force of assault taking the Fâ—… men prisoners that were gotten into it and â—…ging certaine picardes stipendary Souldiers 〈◊〉 the saide Castell vnder the saide Sir Roberte de Salle for that whilest the Englishmen were gâ—… foorth to see the shooting of a match which they had made amongst themselues a little off 〈◊〉 the Castell those Picards being left within that the gates againste them and receâ—… in the Frenchmen with whome they had preâ—… treason keeping the Englishmen forth to whom the safekeeping of that Castell was dominion This yeare was a Bulle sente from the Pope vnto the Vniuersitie of Oxforde 117â—… to apprehende Iohn Wicliffe Iohn Wâ—… Parson of Lutterworth in Lâ—…cestershire within the diocesse of Lincolne Also there were other Bulles to the same effect sent to the Archbishop of Caunterbury and to the Bishop of London Likewise to the King were letters directed sed the Pope to require his fauour against the sayde Wiclife so greeuously was the Pope incensed againste him and not withoute cause for if hys conclusions in doctrine toke effect he well perceyued his papisticall authoritie woulde shortly decaye There went forth this yeare a greate nauie of Shippes to the Sea vnder the guiding of the Earle of Buckingham the Duke of Britayne the Lord Latimer the Lorde Fitz Water Sir Robert Knolles and other valyant Captaines
so great trust was put should go about any such treasons One of the letters was directed to sir Bertram de Claikin an other to the lord de la Riuer chamberlaine of France an other to the Lord 〈◊〉 and another to the patrone of the gallies and to the captaine of the armie of Frenchmen Spanyardes which at the same time wafting alongst the coastes did much hurt in diuerse places of the lande Forthwith the sayde Philpot and others were sent in post frouâ—… the king to the Duke of Lancaster that forsomuch as the sayd sir Raufe Ferrers was then in the north partes with hym intreating with the Scottes he should arrest him and put him in safe keeping which commaundement the Duke did accomplish and committed him to be safely kept in the Castell of Dâ—… but shortly after in the neâ—… Parliament he was set at libertie foure Barons being bound for hys forth comming till time that he might more euidently declare his innocence A parlament at NorthamtoÌ„ About the feast of S. Martyn was a Parliament holden at Northampton to the more trouble of them that came to it bycause in that season of the yere they were constrayned to come where there was no store of fewell to make them fiers and beside that lodgings were very straite for â—…o great a multitude But the cause that moued the Counsaile to appoynte this Parliament there was to the ende that they might the more surely proceede to the tryall of Iohn Kirkeby a Citizen of London Iohn Kerkby executed for â—…ing a merchant stranger that had murthered the Genewais as before ye haue heard which Kirkby was condemned at this Parliament and drawne and hanged in sight of the LoÌ„doners that were come thither which execution if it shoulde haue bene done at London the Lordes doubted least some tumult might haue beene raysed by the Citizens who were reckened in those dayes verie rashe and presumptuous in their doings â—…s â—…ty But nowe to the effect of this Parliament There was a new and straunge subsidie or taske graunted to be leuyed to the kings vse and towardes the charges of this armie that went ouer into Fraunce with the Earle of Buckingham to witte of euerie priest secular or regular sixe shillings .viij. pens and as much of euery Nunne and of euery man woman maried or not maried Twelue pens as â—…e haue beeing .xvj. yeares of age beggers certainly knowne onely excepted foure pens for euery one Great grudging and many a bitter curse followed about the leuying of this money and muche mischief rose thereof as after it appeared 1381 Tâ—… VVals In this fourth yere of king Richards raigne immediately after Christmasse Thomas Brantingham Bishop of Exeter and Lord Treasorer was discharged of hys office of Treasorershippe and Sir Robert Hales Lord of S. Iohns was aduaunced in his place a right noble and manly knight but not beloued of the Commons â—…us opâ—…ioÌ„ About this time did Iohn Wiclife chiefly set forth his opinion touching the Sacrament of the â—…ultaâ—… denying the doctrine of transubstantiation and that it ought not in any wise to be worshipped in such sort as the Church of Rome then did teach There were Auflâ—…donâ—…s sent into Germanie maâ—… to â—…te with the Emperour for a maryage to be as betwixt the king of Englande and the Emperors sister About the beginning of March they returned bringing with them the Cardinall intituled of Saint Pâ—…aâ—…dâ—… and the duke of Taâ—…ia other nobles that came froÌ„ the Emperor to â—…eat with the king his counsaile about the same mariage This Cardinal whitheâ—… he passed the bounds of his commission and authoritie to him graunted by the Pope as souâ—… write or whether hee was furnished with such 〈◊〉 The Cardinall of S. Praxede he was verye liberall in bestowing of â—…drdde to all suche as would come witâ—…â—… Indulgeners which the Pope had vsed only 〈◊〉 for himselfe to bestâ—… this man graunted the same liberally both Bicâ—…nals and Triemals Tryennals He gaue also letters coâ—…fosâ—…ionall to all those that would pay for them admitting aswell â—…ced men as other to 〈◊〉 Popes chaplaines Al for money He made notaries for money and denied not Auâ—…ers porâ—…anuâ—… to any that woulde pay for them Hee receyued fortie poundes besides other giftes of the Monkes of the Eisteaux order to graunt to them a generall lyceâ—… to eate flesh indifferently as well abrode as they had bene accustomed to doe at home within their Monasteries To those that were excommunicate he gaue absolution those that had vowed to goe in Pylgrimage to Rome to the holy lande or to Saint Iames he would not first release them till he had receyued so muche money according to the true valuation as they should haue spent in their iorneyes and to be briefe nothing coulde be asked but for money he was readie to graunt it And when he was requested to shew by what power hee did all these things wyth great indignation hee answered that hee woulde let them vnderstande at Rome if they woulde needes knowe the authoritie which hee had At length his Males were so filled with syluer that his seruants disdeyned to make them any answere except they brought golde saying bring vs golde for we are full of your siluer but at his departure he tooke all away with him both golde and siluer in such abundance as was marueylous But now to returne to other matters concerning the state of the realme After the returne of the Erle of Buckingham it was ordeined by aduice of couÌ„sail that the duke of Lancaster shoulde eftsoones go as ambassador froÌ„ K. Râ—… into ScotlaÌ„d to see if he might renue the truce which shortly would haue bin expired for three yeres longer Also whereas there was variaunce and open warre mainteyned betwixt Iohn king of Castille and Iohn king of Portingale the Earle of Cambridge An army sent into Portingale to aide the k. there against the king of Castile the Lord William de Beauchamp the Lorde Botreux and sir Mathew Gourney were sent into Portingale with fiue C. armed men and fiue hundred archers to ayd the king of Portingale against y e K. of Castille which was sonne to the basterde Henrie for the Duke of Lancaster reioyced greatly that hee might haue such a friende as the king of Portingale to ioyne with him in ayde agaynst the king of Castille meaning as soone as oportunity woulde serue to goe ouer with an armie to chalenge his right and pursue his clayme to the crowne of Castille and Leon agaynst the vsurper in ryght of hys wyfe Queene Constance eldest daughter to the late lawfull king Peter whome Henrie the bastarde as before ye haue heard did still persecute till he had bereft from him both his life and kingdome It was ment therefore that if the Duke of Lancaster coulde compasse his purpose for the whiche he went at that tyme into Scotlande to the honour of the king and Realme
of armed men and lykewise the Earle of Northumberlande with no lesse company came likewise to London and was lodged within the Citie hauing great friendship shewed towardes hym of the Citizens The Londoners frends to the Earle of Northumberlande who promised to assist hym at all tymes when necessitie required so that hys parte seemed to bee ouerstrong for the Duke if they shoulde haue come to any triall of their forces at that time The Duke laye with his people in the suburbes The Lords siâ—… in armour in the parliameÌ„â—… house and euery day when they went to the Parliament house at Westminster both partes went thither in armour to the great terror of those that were wise and graue personages fearing some mischiefe to fall foorth of that vnaccustomed maner of theyr goyng armed to the Parliamente house contrary to the auntient vsage of y e realme At length to quiet the parties The K. maketh an agreemeÌ„t betweene the duke of Lancaster anâ—… the Earle of Northumberland and to auoyde suche inconuenientes as mighte haue growen of theyr dissention the Kyng tooke the matter into hys handes and so they were made friendes to the ende that some good myghte bee done in that Parliamente for reformation of things touching the state of the Realme for whiche cause it was especially called but nowe after it had continued a long tyme and fewe things at all concluded newes came that the Lady Anne sister to the Emperoure Wenslaus and fyanced wife to the Kyng of England was come to Caleis wherevppon the Parliamente was proroged till after Christmas that in the meane time the marriage myght bee solemnised whyche was appoynted after the Epiphanie and foorthwith greaâ—… preparation was made to receyue the Bryde that shee myghte bee conueyed with all honor vnto the Kyngs presence Suche as shoulde receyue hir at Douer The Emperours sister aâ—…fyâ—…â—…o kyng Richard is receyued at Douer A watershakâ—… repayred thither where at hir landing a maruellous and righte straunge wonder happened for shee was no sooner out of hir Shippe and gâ—… to lande in safetie with all hir company â—…t that forthwith the water was so troubled and shaken as the like thing had not to any mans remembraunce euer bin hearde of so that the Shippe in which the appoynted Queene came ouer was terribly rent into peeces and the residue so beaten one againste an other that they were scattered heere and there after a wonderfull manner Before hir comming to the Citie of London shee was met on Blackheath by the Maior and Citizens of London 1382 in most honorable wise and so with greate triumph conueyd to Westminster where at the time appoynted all the Nobilitie of the Realme being assembled The Kings marriage with the Emperors sister shee was ioyned in marriage to the King and Crownes Queene by the Archbyshop of Caunterbury with all the glory and honor that might be deuised There were also holden for the more honor of the same marriage solemne Iustes for certayne dayes togither in which as well the Englishmen as y e new Queenes Countreymen shewed proofe of their manhoode and valiancie whereby prayse and commendation of Knightly prowes was atchieued not withoute domage of both the parties After that the solemnitie of the marriage was finished the Parliamente eftsoones beganne in the whiche many things were enacted for the behoofe of the common wealthe And amongst other things it was ordeyned that all maner manumissions obligations releasses and other bondes made by compulsion dures and menace in time of this last tumulte and ryot agaynste the lawes of the lande and good fayth should bee vtterly voyde and adnihillate And further that if the Kynges faythfull liege people did perceyue any gathering of the Commons in suspect wise to the number of sixe or seauen holding conuenticles togither they shoulde not stay for y e Kings writte in that behalfe for theyr warrante but forthwith it shoulde bee lawfull for them to apprehende suche people assembling togither and to lay them in prison till they mighte aunswere their doings These and many other things were established in this Parliamente of the whiche the most part are set foorthe in the Printed Booke of Statutes where yee maye reade the same more at large In tyme of thys Parliamente the Earle of Suffolke William Vfforde beeyng chosen by the Knyghtes of the Shires to pronounce in behalfe of the common wealthe certayne matters concerning the same The very day and houre in whyche hee shoulde haue serued that turne as hee wente vp the staires The suddayne â—…eath of the Earle of Suffolke towardes the vpper house he suddaynely fell downe and dyed in the handes of hys seruauntes busie about to take hym vp whereas hee felte no griefe of sicknesse when hee came into Westminster beeyng then and before merrie and pleasante ynough to all mens sights Of hys suddayne death many were greaâ—… abasshed for that in hys lyfe tyme hee 〈◊〉 shewed hymselfe courteous and amiable to all men The Parliamente shortly therevppon tooke ende after that the Merchauntes had graunted to the Kyng for a subsedie certayne customes of theyr woolles whiche they bought and solde called a Maletot to endure for four yeares The Lord Richard Scrope was made Lord Chancellor and the Lorde Hugh Segraue Lord Treasorer About the same time The Earle of Marche his good seruice whilâ—…st he 〈◊〉 depâ—…ie of Irelande the Lorde Edmonde Mortimer Earle of Marche the Kings Lieutenaunt in Irelande departed this life after hee had brought in manner all that lande to peace and quiete by his noble and prudente gouernemente In this season Wiclifâ—… doctrine Wiclife set foorthe dyuers Articles and conclusions of hys doctrine whiche the newe Archbyshoppe of Caunterbury William Courtney lately remoued from the Sea of London vnto the higher dignitie dyd what hee coulde by all shiftes to suppresse and to force suche as were the setters foorthe and maynteyners thereof to recante and vtterly to renounce What hee brought to passe in the Booke of Actes and monumentes set foorthe by maister Foxe ye may finde at large The Twesday next after the feast of Sainâ—…t Iohn Port latine an other Parliament began in whiche at the earnest sute and request of the Knyghtes of the shires Iohn Wrawe Priest Iohn Wrawe â–ª that was the chiefe doer among the commons in Suffolke at Bury and Mildenhale was adiudged to be drawen and hanged although many beleeued that hys lyfe should haue bin redeemed for some great portion of money A lewde fellowe that tooke vppon hym to bee skilfull in Phisicke and Astronomy caused it to bee published thorough the Citie of London that vppon the Ascention euen there would rise suche a pestilente Planet that all those whyche came abroade foorthe of theyr chambers before they hadde sayde fyue tymes the Lordes prayer then coÌ„monly called the Pater noster dyd not eate somewhat that morning before theyr going foorthe shoulde bee taken with sicknesse and
they were exhorted by theyr confessours bestowed liberally of theyr goods to the furtheraunce of those that wente and so fewe there were within the whole kingdome but that eyther they went or gaue somewhat to the aduauncing foorth of the Bishop of Norwiche his voyage Which Bishop chose diuers to be associate with him The captaines that vveÌ„t vvith the Bishop of against the An-Norvviche atipape as Captains that were expert in warlike enterprises The first principal was sir Hugh Caluerley an old maÌ„ of warre one that in all places had borne himself both valiantly politikely Next vnto him was sir WilliaÌ„ Farington who stoutely spake in the Bishops cause when the matter came in question in the parliament house touching his going ouer with thys Croysey Beside these ther weÌ„t diuers noble meÌ„ and knightes of high renoune as the lord Henry Beaumount sir WilliaÌ„ Elmham and sir Thomas Triuet sir Iohn Ferrers sir Hugh SpeÌ„cer Froissart the bishops nephue by his brother sir Mathewe Redman captain of Barwicke Sir Nicholas Tarenson or Traicton sir William Farington and manye other of the Englishe nation and of Gascongne there wente le sire de Chasteauneuf and his brother sir Iohn de Chasteauneuf Raymund de Marsen Guillonet de Paux Gariot Vighier Iohn de Cachitan and diuers other Sir Iohn Beauchamp was appointed Marshal of the field but bicause he was at that present in the marches of the realme towards Scotland he was not readie to passe ouer when the Bishoppe did The Duke of Lancaster liked not wel of the Bishops iorney for that hee sawe howe hys voyage that he meant to make into Spayn was hereby for the tyme disappoynted and he coulde haue bin better contented as appeareth by writers to haue had the money imployed vpon the wartes agaynst the king of Castille that was a Clementine than to haue it bestowed vpon this voyage which the Bishop was to take in hande against the French king and other in this neerer parties Herevpon there were not many of the Nobilitie that offered to go with the Bishop But to saye somewhat of other thyngs that were concluded in this last parliament we fynd that the Fishmongers The statute againste Fishemongers repealed they restored to their liberties whiche through meanes of the late Lorde Maior Iohn of Northampton and his complices were put from theyr auncient customes and liberties whiche they enioyed aforetyme within the Citie were nowe restored to the same agayne sauing that they myght not keepe Courtes among themselues as in tymes past they vsed but that after the maner of other craftes and companies all transgressions offences and breaches of lawes and customs by them committed should be heard tryed and reformed in the Mayres Courte All thys winter the matter touching the gathering of mony towards the Croysey was earnestly applyed so that there was leuied what of the disme and by the deuotion of the people for obteyning of the pardon so muche as drewe to the summe of .xxv. thousand frankes When the Bishop therefore had set things in good forwardnesse for his iourney he drewe towardes the sea side and was so desirous to passe ouer The Byshoppe of Norvviche setteth forvvard vvith hys armye to inuade his aduersaries that althoughe the king sent to him an expresse coÌ„maundement by letters to returne to the Court that he might conferre with him before he toke the seas yet he excusing himselfe that the tyme would not then permit him to staye longer passed ouer to Caleys where he landed the .xxiij. of Aprill in thys vj. yeare of King Richards reigne Polidor The armye appoynted to attende him in this iourney rose to the number of .ij. M. horsmen and fifteene thousand footmen Froissart v. C. speares xv C. other as some write though other speak of a farre lesser number but it should seeme that they went not ouer all at one time but by parts as some before the Bishop some with him 〈◊〉 some after him And when he and theâ—… 〈◊〉 before named were come ouer to 〈…〉 tooke counsel togither into what place they 〈◊〉 make their first iâ—…asion and bicause 〈…〉 mission was to make warre onely against 〈◊〉 that held with Pope Clement theâ—… 〈◊〉 were of this mynde thaâ—… it should be most expedient for them to enter into Fraunce and to â—…ake warre against the Frenchemen whâ—… men knewe to be chiefe maynteyners of the sayd Clemente But the Bishop of Norwiche 〈◊〉 of this opinion that they coulde not doe 〈◊〉 than to inuade the countreye of Flaunders bycause that a little before Earle Lewes hauyng intelligence that king Richard had made a confederacie with them of Gaunt had in the 〈◊〉 part expulsed all Englishmen out of hiâ—…â—…nions and countreyes so that the 〈…〉 whiche hadde their goodes at Bruges and 〈◊〉 places in Flaunders susteyned great losses Though there were that replyed against the Bishops purpose herein The Byâ—… of Norvviâ—… inâ—…deth Flaunders as sir Hugh Calâ—…rley and others yet at length they yelded thereto and so by his commaundement they wente sâ—…ght to Grauelyn the .xxj. day of May and immediâ—… wan it by assault Ia. Meâ—… Whervpon Bruckburg was yelded vnto them the lyues and goodes of them within saued Then went they to Dunkirk DuÌ„kirâ—… vvâ—… and sâ—…ed by the englishmeÌ„ and without any great resistance entred the Towne and wanne there exceeding much by the spoyle for it was full of riches whiche the Englishmen pylfered at their pleasure The Earle of Flaunders lying at Lisle was aduertised how the englishmen were thus entred his countrey The Earle of Flaunders â—…deth to the Byshoppe of Norvvicâ—… to knovve the cause of his inuasion of FlauÌ„ders wherevpon he sent ambassadors vnto the English host to vnderstande why they made him warre that was a right Vrbanist The bishop of Norwich for aunswere declared to them that were sente that hee tooke the countrey to appertayne to the French king as he that had of late conquered it whom all the whole world knewe to be a Clementine or at the least he was assured that the countrey therabouts was of the inheritaÌ„ce of the lady of Bar which likewise was a Clementin therfore except the people of that countrey wold come and ioyne with hym to goe against such as were knowne to be enimies to Pope Vrban he would surely seeke to destroy them And where as the Earles ambassadoures required a safeconduct to go into Englande by Caleys to vnderstand the kings pleasure in this matter the bishop would grant them none at all wherefore they went back againe to the Erle their maister with that aunswere The Englishemen after the taking and spoyling of Dunkirke retourned to Grauelyn and Bruckburg whyche places they fortifyed and then leauyng garnysons in them they went to Marâ—… and 〈…〉 for it was not closed In the meane time the coâ—…ey men of West Flaunders rose in armour 〈◊〉 to Dunkirke meaning to resist the Englishmen
therefore was the more circumspect for his owne safetie and studyed howe by some meanes he mighte dispatche the Duke of Gloucester out of the way as the man whome he most feared least his life shoulde be his destruction by one meanes or other Easter was nowe past the tyme as yee haue hearde appoynted before the which the Duke of Irelande should haue transported ouer into Irelande and yet was hee not set forward but least somewhat myght be thought in the matter and for feare of some sturre to be raysed by the Lords of the Realme that wished him gone accordyng to the order prescribed at the last Parliament Dissention betwixt the Kyng and the nobles the King as it were to bring hym to the water side wente with him into Wales where beeyng out of the way they myghte deuise how to dispatche the Duke of Gloucester the Earles of Arundell Warwike Darbye and Nottingham with others of that faction There were with the King besyde the Duke of Ireland Michael de la Pole Earle of Suffolke Roberte Trisilian Lorde chiefe Iustice and diuers other whiche doubtfull of theyr owne safegardes dyd what they coulde as writers reporte to moue the King forwarde to the destruction of those noble men After the Kyng had remayned in those parties a good while hee returned An. reg â—… and broughte the Duke of Irelande backe with him agayne so that it semed hys boyage into Ireland was now quite forgotten Addition to Paâ—… Memorand that the fiue and twentith daye of August in the eleuenth yeare of the raigne of King Richard the second at the Castell of Nottingham aforesayde Roberte Trisilian Lorde chiefe Iustice of Englande Roberte Belknap Lord chiefe Iustice of the common pleas Iohn Holte Roger Fulthorp and WilliaÌ„ Borough Knightes and associates of the sayde Roberte Belknap and Iohn Lockton one of the Kyngs sergeants at the lawe beeing personally required in presence of the Lordes and other witnesses vnder written by our sayd soueraigne Lorde the Kyng in that faith and allegiance in whiche to him they were bounden that they shoulde truely aunswere to certayne questions vnderwritten and vpon the same by their discretions to say the lawe Firste it was asked of them whether the newe statute Question in laws demided 〈◊〉 the Iustice ordinaunce and commission made in the last Parliament holden at Westminster bee hurtfull to the kings prerogatiue Wherevnto all of one minde aunswered that they were hurtfull and specially bycause they bee agaynste the kings will Item it was enquired of them howe they oughte to bee punished that procured the sayde Statute ordinance and Comission to be made Wherevnto with one assent they answered that they deserued death except the King of his grace would pardon them Item it was enquired how they ought to be punished whiche moued the King to consente to the making of the said statute ordinance and coÌ„mission Wherevnto they aunswered that vnlesse the King woulde giue them his pardon they ought to lose their liues Item it was enquired of them what punishment they deserued that compelled the Kyng to the making of that statute ordinance and commission Wherevnto they gaue aunswere that they ought to suffer as Traytors Item it was demaunded of them howe they ought to bee punished that interrupted the Kyng so that hee myghte not exercise those things that apperteyned to his regaltie and prerogatiue Wherevnto aunswere was made that they ought to be punished as Traytors Item it was enquired of them whether that after the affayres of the Realme and the cause of the callyng togither the states to the Parliamente were once by the Kyngs commaundemente declared and opened and other articles on the Kyngs behalfe limitted vppon whyche the Lordes and commons of the Realme ought to intreate and proceede if the Lordes neuerthelesse woulde proceede vpon other articles and not meddle with those articles which the Kyng hadde limited till time the King hadde aunswered the Articles proponed by them notwithstanding the Kyng enioyned them to the contrarie Whether in this case the Kyng myghte rule the Parliament and cause them to proceede vppon the Articles by hym limited before they proceede any further To whyche question it was aunswered that the Kyng shoulde haue in thys parte the rule for order of all suche articles to be prosecuted vntill the ende of the Parliamente And if any presumed to goe contrary to this rule he was to be punished as a traytor Item it was asked whether the King when so euer it pleased hym myghte not dissolue the Parliamente and commaunde the Lordes and commons to depart from thence or not Wherevnto it was aunswered that hee might Item it was inquired that for asmuche as it was in the Kyng to remoue suche Iustices and officers as offende and to punishe them for theyr offences Whether the Lordes and commons myghte without the Kings wil impeache the same officers and Iustices vpoÌ„ their offences in Parliament or not To this aunswere was made that they myghte not and hee that attempted contrarye was to suffer as a Traytor Item it was enquired howe hee is to bee punished that moued in the Parliamente that the statute wherein Edwarde the sonne of Kyng Edwarde greate grandfather to the Kyng that nowe is was endited in Parliamente myght be sente for by inspection of whyche Statute the sayde newe statute or ordinaunce and commission were conceyued and deuised in the Parliament To whiche question with one accorde as in all the residue they aunswered that as well hee that so summoned as the other whyche by force of the same motion broughte the sayde Statute into the Parliamente house be as publique offendors and Traytors to bee punished Item it was enquired of them whether the Iudgemente giuen in the Parliament agaynste Michael de la Pole Earle of Suffolke were erronious and reuocable or not To which question likewise with one assente they sayd that if the same iudgement were nowe to bee giuen the Iustices and Sergeaunte aforesayde woulde not gyue the same bycause it seemed to them that the sayde iudgemente is reuocable and erronious in euery part In witnesse whereof the Iustices and Sergeaunte aforesayde to these presentes haue set there seales these beeing witnesses Alexander Archbyshop of Yorke Roberte Archbyshoppe of Dublin Iohn Byshop of Durham Thomas Byshop of Chester Iohn Byshoppe of Bangor Robert Duke of Irelande Mighell Earle of Suffolke Iohn Rypon Clearke and Iohn Blake Tho. VVals Now beside these Iustices and Sergeaunte there were called at that presente vnto Notingham all other Iustices of the Realme and the Sherifes Also diuers of the Citie of London which the King knewe would encline to his will the rather for that some of them hauing aforetime confessed treason against the King by them imagined and obteyning pardon for the same were ready at his commaundemente to recompence suche fauoure in the accomplishmente of what soeuer they knewe myghte stand with hys pleasure Heerevppon they beeing enpanelled to enquire
of certayne treasons that were supposed to be committed by the Lordes which in the last Parliament hadde so caused things to passe contrary to the Kyngs pleasure The Lordes â—…ed of diuers offences endited the same Lordes of many crimes enformed against them The Londoners indeede are euill reported of in those dayes by some writers for their vnstablenesse one whyle holding on the Kinges part and with suche as were chiefe in counsell about hym and an other whyle on the Lordes syde that were of a contrary faction Why the Sherifes of all shires were sent for to the Courte But nowe as concerning the cause why the Sherifes were called hither it was chiefly to vnderstande what power of men they might assure the Kyng of to serue hym agaynste the Lordes and Barons whome hee tooke to be his enimies and further that where he meane to call a Parliament very shortly they shoulde so vse the matter that no Knyght might be chosen but such as the Kyng and his Counsell shoulde name But aunswere was made heerevnto by the Sherifes that the Lordes were so highly beloued of y e commons that it lay not in their powers to assemble any great forces againste the Lords and as for chosing the Knightes of the Shires they sayde that the commons would vndoubtedly vse theyr auntiente liberties and priuiledges in choosing suche as they thoughte meetest But yet after that the indictments were found according to the desire of the kyng and hys counsellors and that those whiche hadde beene called aboute this matter were licenced to depart home the Kyng and the Duke of Irelande sent messengers into euerye parte of the Realme Souldiers â—…ined on all sides by the K. agaynste the Lordes to â—…teyne men of warre to assiste them in the â—…rell againste the Lordes if neede were 〈◊〉 made aunswere that sith they knew theâ—… 〈◊〉 to be fâ—…ythfull and loyall to the King such 〈◊〉 the bottome of theyr heartes and were ready to study to deuise and to do all thyngs that â—…ght tende to his honor and wealthe of the Realme they myghte not by anye meanes beare armoure againste them But a great number of other that tooke it that they were reteyned for a good and necessary purpose promised to be ready whensoeuer it shoulde please the King to sende for them The Lordes beeing in this meane while aduertised of these doyngs were striken with great he aumesse for that not knowing themselues as they tooke it giltie of anye offence the Kyng shoulde thus seeke theyr destruction Heerewith the Duke of Gloucester meaning to mitigate the Kinges displeasure reteyned a solemne othe before the Byshop of London The Duke of Gloucester protesting vpon his othâ—… and diuers other Lords protesting by the same othâ—… that hee neuer imagined nor wente aboute anye thing to the Kings hinderance but to his power hadde alwayes done what hee myghte to aduaunce the Kings honor prosperous state and good liking except onely that hee hadde gyuen no good countenaunce to the Duke of Irelande whome the Kyng so muche loued and surely for that the sayd Duke had dishonored his kinsâ—…dman and the Kings also hee was firmely determined to reuenge that iniurie vppon him and heerewith hee besoughte the Byshoppe of London to declare what hys wordes were vnto the King The Byshoppe commyng to the King made reporte of the Duke of Gloucesters protestation coÌ„firmed with his othe in such wise as the king beganne somewhat to bee perswaded that it was true But when the Earle of Suffolke perceyued that fearing least the reconciliation of the King and the Duke his vncle shoulde turne to his vndoing hee beganne to speake against the Duke tyll the Byshoppe â—…ad hym holde hys peace and tolde hym that it nothing became hym to speake at all and when the Earle asked why so Stouâ—…e worâ—… of the Bishop of London bycause said the Byshoppe thou wast in the last Parliamente condemned for an euill person and one not worthy to lyue but onely it pleaseth the King to shew thee fauour The Kyng beeyng offended with the Byshoppes presumptuous wordes commaunded hym to departe and get hym home to his Churche who forthwith departed and declared to the Duke of Gloucester what he had heard and sene Heerevpon the great misliking that had bin afore time betwixte the Kyng and the Lordes was nowe more vehemently increased the Duke of Ireland the Earle of Suffolke the Archbishop of Yorke the Lord chiefe Iustice Robert Trisilian and others still procuring stirring and confirming the Kyngs heauie displeasure against the Lordes The Duke of Gloucester considering to what conclusion these things tended came secretely to a conference with the Earles of Arundell Warwike The Lordes conâ—…e howe to preuent the perils pretended against them and Derby who were in lyke daunger if they prouided not more speedelie for their safetie wherevppon hee discouereth to them the perill wherein they all stoode in commune so that wheÌ„ they wayed what was the moste expedient meane to sauegarde theyr lyues they gathered their powers togither determining to talke with the Kyng with their armour vpon their backes for their more suretie as well concerning his pretence to bring them to their deathes as for the fauour which he haue to those whome they reputed to be traytors both to him and to the whole state of the Realme whereby the same coulde not auoyde speedie remedie if ruine were not the sooner prouided The Kyng on the other parte tooke aduice how he mighte apprehende these Lordes whome he tooke to bee playne traytors eche one a parte before they mighte gather their strengthes about them and firste hee sent the Earle of Northumberlande and others The Earle of Northumberland sent to apprehend the Earle of Arundell vnto the Castell of Reigate to take the Earle of Arundell who laye there at that present But howsoeuer it fortuned the Erle of Northumberlande came backe and fayled to accomplishe that which hee had in commaundemente After this a greate number were sente by nyghte to haue layde handes on hym and to haue broughte hym to the Kyngs presence or in case hee resisted to haue slayne hym if by anye meanes they myghte but hee beeyng warned by a messenger that came to him from the Duke of Gloucester conueyed hymselfe away and with suche bandes as hee hadde gote togither rode all that nyghte The Earle of Arâ—…ll ioyâ—… with the â—…er Lordes so that in the morning hauing passed a thirtie myles not without greate trauayle and all speede possible hee was in the morning aduaunced vnto Haringey Parke where hee founde the Duke of Gloucester and the Earle of Warwike with a greate power of menne about them The same tyme the Kyng was aboute to sette forwardes towardes Caunterbury there to performe some vowe of pilgrimage whiche hee hadde vndertaken to make vnto the shrine of Thomas Becket but a brute was reysed and a slaunder belyke contriued to bryng hym in further hatred of his
that no maner of person charge any of the forenamed either priuily or apertly in word or deed to hurt theÌ„ or cause any hurt to be done to them but all quarels and demaundes agaynst them to be remitted vnto the next Parliament prefixed And to haue all things in more perfect readinesse and remembrance when the estates shoulde be assembled certain of the Lords were appointed to sit in the meane time to deuise how they might proceed orderly in redresse of such matters 〈◊〉 to require some speedie reformation 〈◊〉 did they think it good to depart in sunder for 〈◊〉 to be entrapped through the malicious practise of their aduersaries which their doubt 〈◊〉 Afterward to stand them in steed of great wisedome for immediately after their sayd aduersaries câ—…me to the king and declared howe they were dayly 〈◊〉 daÌ„ger of their liues by reason of y e malice which the Lords had conceyued against them onely 〈◊〉 the kings sake not for any matter of their 〈◊〉 And where the king had promised that theâ—… 〈◊〉 appeare at the next Parliament whiche 〈◊〉 haÌ„d they told him plainly that they neither durst nor would put their bodies in such manifest daâ—…ger The king considering hereof withdrew himselfe from the companie of the Lordes that were assigned to sit at London to deliberate of matteâ—…s that were to bee talked of ordred in the Parliament and so that counsaile was deferred layde aside and the kings counsailors that stood in danger of their liues through the malice of the Lords confederated with the duke of Gloucester got theÌ„ from the Court withdrew some into this place and some into that Among other the erle of Sâ—…ffolke fied ouer vnto Calais in secrete wise The erle 〈◊〉 â—…folk 〈◊〉 ouer to Caâ—… by the helpe of a knight called sir William Hoo who holpe to conuey him thither He had chaunged his apparell and shauen â—…s hearde and so disguised counterfeyted himselfe to be a Poulter and to sell certaine foule whiche hee had gotten by whiche meanes hee was not knowne till at length comming to the gates of the Castell whereof hys brother sir Edmonde de la Poole was Captaine hee discouered to hym scarcely knowing who he was by reasoÌ„ he was so disguised the whole occasion of his repayring thyther requyring him to keepe his counsayle and that hee mighte remayne with him in priuie maner for a tyme tyll hee myght heare more howe things wente in Englande from whence hee was thus fled to auoyde the bloudie handes of his enimies that sought his life His brother doubting what might be layde to his charge if he shoulde conceale this matter from the Lorde William Beauchampe Lord Deputie of the towne streyghtwayes aduertised hym thereof who tooke order that the Earle shoulde foorthwith bee sâ—…nt backe agayne into Englande to the King Graftâ—… who receyued hym wyth small thanks to them that brought him ouer insomuch as some write his brother being one was committed to Pryson for disclosing him But yet bycause it shoulde not seeme that hee imprysoned hym for that cause hee was shortlye after set at libertie and returned againe to his charge at Calais The Erle was also permytted to go whither he woulde although the king had vndertaken to present him and others at the â—…ext Parliament to answere theyr offences as the same might bee layde to theyr charge But here it may be doubted by the vncertentie of writtes whether the Erle of Suffolke thus fled ouer to Calais before the iourney at Raâ—…câ—…te bridge or after but whether it chaunced eyther after or before it is certain that 〈◊〉 the time that the Lordes had enforced the King to promise to exhibite him and others at the â—…xt Parliament to abide their trials he durst not openly remaine in the Court but taking leaue of the king departed from him Wherevpon the King being oute of quiet for the absence of him and other his best beloued counsaylers whome hee so much esteemed and namely of the Duke of Irelande and the sayd Erle of Suffolke he appoynted one Thomas Molineux Conestable of the Castell of Chester a man of high valiauncie and great power in the parties of Chesshire and Lancashire A commission to the Sherif of Châ—…shire to sâ—…onduct 〈◊〉 Duke of â—…land to the kings preseÌ„ce to rayse an armie of men with the assistance of the Sherife of Chesshire to whome his commission of authoritie in that behalfe vnder the great scale was directed to the ende that they might conuey the duke of Irelande in all safetie vnto the kings presence The Sherife hauing receyued this commission togither with the sayd Thomas Molineux raysed a power and such as refused to serue in respect of such good will as they bare to the Lordes he committed to prison commaunding the Iaylers to keepe them streyte in Irons wyth bread and water till his returne Moreouer the king sent to sir Raufe Vernon and sir Richarde Raâ—…cliffe willing them to assist the other And so thus they set forwarde with the number of fiue thousande men The lordâ—… seke to stop the passage of the Irelande When the Lordes vnderstoode that the duke of Irelande was marching towardes London with such a power of menne meaning to ioyne with the Londoners and so to make as it had bin an inuinâ—…ble armie they besturred themselues and fell in hand to arme theyr men and to exhort one another that nowe they shoulde not bee negligent in their owne defence but to make hast for the dispatching of those that craftily had gone about to conspire their deathes And so these lords to wit the duke of Gloucester the Erles of Wardiâ—… Arundell Warwike and Notingham asseÌ„bled their powers oute of all quarters to encounter with the Duke of Irelande and when they had got their companies togither they forelayde al the wayes by which hee was thought to come But the Duke of Irelande hauing wyth him Molineux Vernon and Ratclise roade forwarde in stately and glorious arraye with an armie as yee haue hearde of fiue thousande men supposing that none durst come forth to wythstande him Neuerthelesse when he came to Ratâ—…oâ—…e bridge not passe foure miles from Cheping Norton which bridge the coulde haue passed he had beene out of the daunger of an enimies hee sodainely espied where the armie of the Lordes lay not farre distant from him readie in the midst of a â—…alley to 〈◊〉 his comming Some of the Erle of Darâ—â—es company had broken the bridge and so stopped his passage He therefore perceyuing his enimies intention stayed and 〈◊〉 the kings banner to be spred and began to 〈◊〉 a good countenance of the matter and to exhort his people to shew themselues valiant and herewith causeâ—… the trumpets is to founde But when it appeared that as some were readie to fight in his quarel so there were other that quite forsooke him The Duke of Ireland his soldiers reuolt from him and sayde â—…atly they woulde not fight
that it stood neither with his safetie nor honor so lightly to agree to depart froÌ„ the tower vnto such place as the Lordes had thus appoynted him to serue more for their purpose thaÌ„ for suretie of his person When the Lords therefore vnderstood that he would not keepe promise with them they were greatly offended insomuch as they sent him flat word that if he woulde not come according to promise they would surely choose an other king that would and ought to obey the faythful counsaile of his Lordes The king with this message being touched to the quicke The K. is compelled to condiscend to the lords requests to satisfie their mindes and to auoyde further perill remoued the nexte morning vnto Westminster where the Lords comming before his presence after a little other talke they declared vnto him that aswel in respect of his own honour as the commoditie and wealth of his kingdome it was behouefull that such traytors most wicked and slanderous persons as were nothing profitable but hurtful to him and his louing subiects should be remoued out of his court and that other that both could and would serue him more honorably and faythfully were placed in theyr rowmthes The king although sore agaynst his minde when he sawe how the Lordes were bent and that he wanted power to withstande theyr pleasures condiscended to doe what they woulde haue him And so when he had graunted thereto they iudged that Alexander Neuill Archbishop of Yorke Iohn Fourdham Bishop of Durham Lord Treasorer Thomas Rushoke a Frier of the order of the Preachers Bishop of Chichester and confessor to the king were worthie to bee auoyded the Court But the Archbishop 〈…〉 and the Bi. of Chichester would 〈…〉 â—…nings but got them out of the way 〈…〉 was not knowne whither The Lordes expâ—…sed also out of 〈…〉 Lord Zouche of Haringworth Câ—… 〈…〉 the 〈◊〉 the L. Bâ—… the Lord Beaumont Albrey de Vter Bâ—…in de Bereford Richard Aâ—…burie Iohn Worth Thomas Clyfford and Iohn Loâ—…ell â—…ightes These were dismissed out of the Court and remoued from the king but not discharged for they were constreyned to put in sureties â—…o appâ—… the nâ—…t Parliament There were also certaine Ladies 〈…〉 Court Câ—… 〈◊〉 expulsed the Court. as those that were thought to doe 〈…〉 harme about the K. to wit the Ladie Pâ—…ynings wife to Iohn Worth of Mowen and 〈…〉 Moulinge with others which also 〈…〉 to answere at the next Parliament 〈…〉 things as might be obiected agaynst 〈◊〉 Moreouer there were arrested 〈…〉 seuerall prisons sir Simon Burley The 〈…〉 those that 〈◊〉 câ—…mâ—…ed 〈◊〉 prison by the Lords Wil. â—…mham Iohn Beauchampe of Hoâ—… steward of the kings house sir Iohn Salisburie sir Thâ—… Tauet sir Iames Barneis sir Nichol. Dagworth sir Nicolas Brambre knights Also Richarde Clifford Iohn Lincolne Ric. Mitford the kings chaplains Nic. Sclake deaue of the kings chapel whose worde might doe much in the Court There was also appreheÌ„ded Iohn Blaâ—… apprentice of the law al which persons were kept to strait ward till the next ParliameÌ„t in which they were appointed to staÌ„d vnto their trial answers Shortly after to witte the morrow after the Purification of our lady the Parliament begâ—…n The parâ—… that wrought wonders the which was named the ParliameÌ„t y t wrought wonders The king would gladly haue proroged the time of this ParliameÌ„t if by any meanes he might Grafton Grafton Tho. VVal. The Lordes came to the same Parliament with a sufficieÌ„t armie for their owne safeties The first day of this Parliament were arested as they sate in their places Grafton all the Iustices except sir William Skipworth as sir Roger Fulthrop sir Robert Belknap The Iustices a â—…ed and sent to the tower sir Iohn Carey sir Iohn Holt sir William Brooke Iohn Alocton the kings Sergeant at law all the whiche were sent to the Tower and there kept in seuerall places The cause why they were thus appreheÌ„ded was for that where in the last Parliament diuerse Lordes were made gouerners of the realme both by the assent of the same Parliament Why the Iustices were apprehended and also by the aduise couÌ„sail of all the Iustices then being and Indentuces tripertite thereof made of the which one part remayned with the king an other with the Lordes so chosen to gouerne the realme and the thirde part with the Iustices and yet notwithstanding the sayde Iustices at a Councell holden at Notingham as ye haue heard before didde goe contrarie to that agreement Wherevpon it was nowe determyned that they shoulde make answere to theyr doings Moreouer in the beginning of this Parliament The Duke of 〈◊〉 and his â—…ates attayned of treason by this parliament were openly called Robert Veer Duke of Ireland Alexander Neuill Archbishop of York Michaell de la Poole Earle of Suffolke sir Robert Trisilian Lorde chiefe Iustice of Englande to answere Thomas of Woodstocke Duke of Gloucester Rycharde Earle of Arundell Henrie Earle of Darbie and Thomas Earle of Notingham vpon certaine articles of high treason which these Lordes did charge them with and forasmuche as none of these appeared it was ordeyned by the whole assent of the Parliament that they shoulde be banished for euer and theyr landes and goodes moueable and vnmoueable to be forfeyt and seysed into the kings handes theyr landes entayled onely excepted Shortly after was the Lorde chiefe Iustice Robert Tresilian founde founde in a Pothecaries house at Westminster lurking there Tresilian chief iustice discried by his own maÌ„ is executed at Tiburn to vnderstande by spyes dayly what was done in the Parliament he was discried by one of his owne men and so taken and brought to the Duke of Gloucester who caused him forthwith the same day to be had to the Tower and from thence drawne to Tyburne and there hanged The morrow after sir Nicholas Brambre that sometime had beene Maior of London was brought forth to iudgement and condemned although he had many friendes that made suyte to saue his life This man had done many oppressions within the Citie of London as was reported In his Mayraltie he caused great and monstruous Stoks to be made to imprison men therin and also a common Axe to strike off the heades of them whiche shoulde resist hys wyll and pleasure for hee was so highly in the kings fauour that he might doe what he woulde And the report went that hee had caused eight thousande or more to be indited which before had taken part with the Lordes intending to haue put theÌ„ all to death if God had not shortned his days Many other euill fauoured reportes went abrode of him as that hee ment to haue chaunged the name of London and to haue named it little Troy of which citie baptised with y e new name he purposed to bee intituled Duke But these were forged rumors deuised and spred abrode in those dayes as many other were partly by
hys â—…rney against the infidels of Prutzaland but into Prutzenlande where he shewed good proufe of his noble and valiant courage for ioyning with the maisters and knightes of the Teutsch order there the armie of the Lithuanians that came agaynst the sayd order was vanquished and foure chiefe leaders of the Lithuanians were taken prisoners three other being slain with three huÌ„dred of their chiefest and best approued souldiers Through the policie also and worthie manhood of the Erle of Darbie there was a certaine Citie taken where the said Erle and his men first entring vpon the walles did set vp his banner other being slouthfull or at the least vnskilful how to deale in such exploytes There were taken slaine foure M. of the coÌ„mon people and amongst them that were founde dead the king of Poloignes brother was one The Castell of the same Citie was besieged fiue weekes space but by reason of sicknesse such infirmities as chanced in the army the masters of Prutzen Liefland would not tarie any longer but brake vp their siege and returned The Master of Leifland led with him into his countrey three thousand prisoners In the meane time whilest the Christians were thus occupied as well agaynst the infidels in Barbarie as in the Easte partes towardes Lyttawe a royall Iustes and Martiall turnament was proclaymed to bee holden wythin Smithfielde in London A â—…al iustes â—…elleÌ„ in Smithfield at LondoÌ„ to beginne on Sunday next after the feast of Saint Michaell And bycause this triumphaunt pastime was published not onely in Englande but also in Scotlande in Almaigne in Flaunders in Brabant in Heynault and in Fraunce many straungers came hyther forth of diuerse Countreys namely Valeran Earle of Saint Paule that had maryed King Richardes sister the Ladie Mawde de Courteney and William the yong Erle of Osternant Some copies haue OsternaÌ„t son to Albert de Baniere Erle of Hollande and Heynalt At the day appoynted when all things were prepared there issued forth of the Tower about three of the clocke in the after noone lx Coursers apparelled for the Iustes and vpon euerie one an Esquier of honour riding a soft pace Then came forth .xxiiij. Ladies of honour lx sayth Froissart mounted on Palfreys The man nâ—… of the iusts in Smithfield ryding on the one side richly apparelled and euery Ladie led a knight with a chaine of golde Those knightes being on the kings part had their armor and apparell garnished with white heartes and crownes of golde about theyr neckes Siluer sayth Frosart and so they came ryding through the streets of LoÌ„don vnto Smithfield with a great number of Trumpets and other Instruments before them The King and the Queene with many other great estates were readie placed in Chambers richly adorned to see the Iustes and when the Ladies that led the knightes were come to the place they were taken downe from their Palfreys and went vp into Chambers readie prepared for them Their alighted the esquiers of honor from their coursers and the knights in good order mounted vpon them And so when their helmets were set on their heades and that they were readie in all poyntes after Proclamations made by the Heraults the iustes began and many commendable courses were runne to the great pleasure comfort and recreation of the King the Queene and all other the beholders The price that day on the answerers part was giuen to the Earle of Saint Paule and on the Chalengers side to the Earle of Huntington On the Monday the King himselfe wyth Dukes Erles Lordes and knights came to the iustes he being chiefe of the inner part That day the price was giuen to the Erle of Osteruant for the best doer of the vtter part and of the inner part to a knight of Englande called sir Hugh Spencer On the Tuesday all maner of Esquiers iusted and likewise on the Wednesday al maner of knights and esquiers that woulde on which day was a sore and rude iustes enduring till night And so many a noble course and other martiall feates were atchieued in those four days to the great contentation and pleasure of many a yong batchler desirous to win fame also highly to the kings honor The King kept open houshold in the Bishop of London his palaice by Paules church who by all that season helde his Court in the Bishops Palayce by Paules church keeping open houshold for all honest persones that thither resorted especially euery night after the iustes were ended a right sumptuous princely supper was prepared for the strangers other and after supper the time was spent in dancing reuelling after the most courtlike maner The K. festeth the straungers The Thursday the king made a supper to al the Lords knights and gentlemen strangers and the Queene to all the ladies and gentlewomen On the Fryday the duke of Lancaster feasted at dinner al the sayd Lords The Duke of Lancaster feasteth the strangers knights gentlemeÌ„ strangers in most sumptuous plentiful maner On the Saterday the king and all the whole companie departed from LoÌ„don vnto Winsore where newe feasting beganne and specially the king did all the honour that might be deuised vnto the Erles of S. Paule and Osteruant The Erle of Osteruant at the ernest request of the king receyued of him the order of the Garter for the whiche hee was euill thought of afterwardes by his friendes namely the French king and others Finally after that the king had thus feasted the strangers and other at Windsore eche man tooke leaue of the king the Queene and the kings vncles and other Lords and Ladies and so departed the strangers into their own couÌ„treys other home to their houses or whither they thoght best About the same time by the king with the aduice of his counsaile proclamation was made and published at London that all beneficed and abyding in the Court of Rome A pâ—… that aâ—… engâ—… beneficed 〈◊〉 in Rome 〈◊〉 returne into Englande being Englishe men borne should returne home into Englande before the feast of Saint Nicholas vnder pâ—…e to forfeyte all theyr benefices and such as were not beneficed vnder a paine likewise lymitted The English men hearing such a thunder clap a farre off fearing the blowe left the Popes Court and returned to their natiue soyle The Pope troubled with such a ruÌ„bling noise The Pope sendeth 〈◊〉 Nuncio to king Richard sent in all hast an Abbot as his nuncio vnto the king of Englande aswell to vnderstand the causes of this proclamation as of statutes deuised made lately in Parliament agaynst those that prouided themselues of benefices in the Court of Rome by the Popes Bulles which seemed not a little preiudiciall to the Church of Rome in consideration whereof the sayd nuncio required that the same statutes might be repealed abolished so farre as they tended to the derogation of y e church liberties but if y e same statuts were not
Cobham condemned But now to proceede In this Parliament holden at Shrewsburye the Lorde Reignolde Cobham beeing a verye aged manne simple and vpright in all his dealings was condemned for none other cause but for that in the xj yeare of the Kings raigne hee was apointed with other to be attendaunt about the king as one of his gouernors The actes and ordinaunces also deuised and established in the parliament holden in that .xj. yeare were likwise repealed Moreouer in this Parliament at Shrewesbury it was decreed that the Lorde Iohn Cobham shoulde be sente into the Isle of Gernesey there to remaine in exile hauyng a small portion assigned hym to liue vpon The king so wroughte that hee obteyned the whole power of bothe houses to be graunted vnto certaine persones as to Iohn duke of Lancaster Edmunde duke of Yorke Edmunde Duke of Aumerle The auctoritie of bothe houses in parliament grauÌ„ted to certaine persons Tho. duke of Surrey Iohn duke of Excester Iohn Marques Dorset Rog. erle of Marche Io. erle of Salisbury Henry erle of Northumberland Tho. erle of Gloucester Wil. erle of Wiltshire Iohn Hussey Henry Cheimeswick Robert Tey and Io. Goulofer knights Tho. VVals or to .vij. or .viij. of them These were appointed to heare determine certaine petitions and maters yet depending and not ended but by vertue of this graunt they proceeded to conclude vpon other thinges whiche generally touched the knowledge of the whole parliameÌ„t in derogation of the states thereof to the disaduantage of the kyng perillous example in time to come When the king had spente much money in time of this parliameÌ„t he demanded a disme a halfe of the clergie and a .xv. of the temporaltie Finally a generall pardon was graunted for all offences to all the kinges subiects â—…0 only excepted whose names he wold not by any meanes expresse but reserued them to his owne knowledge that when any of the nobilitie offended him he might at his pleasure name him to be one of the number excepted and so keepe them still within his daunger To the ende that the ordinaunces iudgementes and actes made pronounced and established in this Parliamente mighte be and abide in perpetuall strengthe and force the Kyng purchased the Popes 〈◊〉 which were conteined greuous censures â—…ses The king 〈…〉 againâ—… 〈…〉 pronounced agaynst al suche as did 〈◊〉 means go about to break violate the statuteâ—… the same parliamente ordeined These 〈◊〉 were openly published and red at Paules 〈◊〉 in London in other the most publike places of the realme Many other things were 〈◊〉 in this parliameÌ„t to the displeasure of no 〈◊〉 number of people namely Rightfull 〈…〉 for that diuers rightfull heires were disinherited of their lands and liuings by auctoritie of the same parliament with which wrongfull doings the people wâ—… muche offended so that the K. and those that were about him chiefe in counseâ—… come 〈◊〉 greate infamy and slaunder In deede the king after he had dispatched the duke of Gloucestâ—… and the other noble men was not a little 〈◊〉 for that he knewe them still ready to disappoâ—… him in all his purposes therefore being 〈◊〉 as it were carelesse did not behaue hymselfe 〈◊〉 some haue written in such discreete order Polidor at many wished but rather as in time of prosperitie it often happeneth he forgot hymselfe Kyng Richarde his euill gouernement and beganne to rule by will more than by reason threatning deathe to eche one that obeyed 〈◊〉 his inordinate desires by meanes wherof the lords of the realme began to feare their owne estates being in danger of his furious outrage whome they tooke for a manne destitute of sobrietie and wisedome and therefore coulde not like of him that so abused his auctoritie Herevpon there were sundry of the nobles that lamented these mischiefes and specially shewed their griefes vnto such by whose naughty couÌ„sell they vnderstoode the king to be missed and this they did to the ende that they being aboute him might either turne their copies and giue him better couÌ„sell or else he hauing knowledge what euill reporte went of him might amende his maners But all was in vaine for so it fell forthe that in this parliameÌ„t holdeÌ„ at Shrewsbury Henry Duke of Hereford The Duke of Hereforde appealeth the duke of Norfolk of oftetimes accused Tho. Mowbray duke of Norfolke of certaine wordes which he shuld vtter in talke had betwixt them as they roade togyther lately before betwixte London and Brainforde sounding highely to the kings dishonor Thom. VVaâ—… And for further proofe thereof he presented a supplication to the K. wherin he appealed the duke of Norfolke in field of battaile for a traitour false and disloiall to the K. and enimy vnto the realme This supplication was redde beefore bothe the Dukes in presence of the Kyng whiche done the Duke of Norfolke tooke vppon hym to aunswere it declaring that whatsoeuer the Duke of Hereforde hadde sayde agaynste hym other than well hee lyed falsely like an vntrue Knighte as he was And wheÌ„ the king asked of the duke of Hereforde what he saide to it he taking hys hoode off his heade said 〈◊〉 soueâ—… Lorde euen as the supplication whiche I tooke you importeth right so I say to â—…ruthe that Thomas Moubray duke of Norfolke is a traitoâ—… false and disloyall to your toâ—… Maiestie was crowne and to all the sâ—…s of your realme Then the Duke of Norfolke beeyng asked what he said to this he answered Right dâ—… Lord with your fauour that I make aunswere vnto your cousin here I say your reuerence saued that Henry of Lancaster duke of Hereforde like a false and disloyall traitour as he is dothe lye in that he hath or shall say of mee otherwise than well No more saide the Kyng wee haue hearde enough and herewyth commaunded the Duke of Surrey for that tourne Marshall of Englande to arrest in his name the twoo Dukes The Duke of â—…ry Marshal and the Duke of Aumarle câ—…able of Englande the Duke of Lancaster father to the Duke of Hereforde the Duke of Yorke the Duke of Aumarle Constable of Englande and the duke of Surrey Marshal of the realm vndertook as pledges body for body for the duke of Herford but the duke of Norfolke was not suffred to put in pledges and so vnder arrest was led vnto Windsor castel and there garded wyth keepers that were appointed to see hym safely kept Nowe after the dissoluing of the Parliament at Shrewsbury there was a day appointed about a sixe weekes after for the K. to come vnto Winsor to hear and to take some order betwixte the twoo dukes which had thus appealed eche other The order of the proceeding in this appeale There was a greate skaffold erected within the castell of Windsore for the king to sit with the Lordes and Prelates of his realme and so at the day apointed he with the saide lords prelats being come
this it was then declared that notwithstanding the foresayde renouncing so by the Lords and Commons admitted and confirmēd it were necessarie in auoyding of all suspitions and surmises of euill disposed persons to haue in wryting and registred the manifolde crymes and defaults before done by K. Ri. to y e ende that they might first bee openly declared to the people and after to remaine of recorde amongst other of the kings recordes for euer which was done accordingly for the articles which before ye haue heard were drawne and engrossed vp and there shewed ready to be read but for other causes more needful as thē to be preferred the reading of those articles at that season was deferred Then forasmuch as the Lordes of the Parliament had well considered the voluntarie resignation of king Richarde and that it was behouefull and as they thought necessary for the weale of the realme to proceede vnto the sentence of his deposing there were appoynted by the authoritie of al the estates there in Parliamēt assembled the Bishop of Saint Asaph the Abbot of Glastenburie the Erle of Gloucester the Lorde Berkley William Thirning iustice and Tho. Expingham Th. Gray knights y t they shuld giue pronoūce the opē sentence of the deposing of king Richarde Wherevpon the sayde Commissioners taking counsaile togither by good and deliberate aduise therein had with one assent agreed that the B. of S. Asaph shoulde publish the sentence for them and in their names as followeth IN the name of God Amen We Iohn B. of S. Asaph The publica◅io◅ of King Richards deposing Iohn Abbot of Glastenburie Thomas erle of Gloucester Thomas L. Barkley Wil. Thirninge Iustice Thomas Erpingham and Thomas Gray knights chosē deputed speciall cōmissaries by the thre estates of thys present Parliament representing the whole body of the realme for all such matters by the sayde estates to vs committed we vnderstanding considering the manifold crymes hurts and harmes done by Richarde king of England and misgouernance of the same by a long time to the great decay of the sayd land and vtter ruine of the same shortly to haue bin had not the speciall grace of our God therevnto put the sooner remedie and also furthermore aduerting that the sayd king Richard by acknowledging his own insufficiencie hath of his owne mere volunte and free will renounced and giuen ouer the rule and gouernance of this lande with all rights and honors vnto the same belonging and vtterly for his merites hath iudged himselfe not vnworthily to be deposed of all kingly Maiestie and estate roial We the premisses well considering by good and diligent deliberation by the power name and authoritie to vs as aboue is said committed pronounce discern and declare the same king Richard before this to haue bin and to be vnprofitable vnable vnsufficient vnworthy to the rule and gouernaunce of the foresayde realmes and Lordships and of all rights and other the appurtenances to the same belonging And for the same causes we depriue him of al kingly dignitie and worship and of any kingly worship in himself And we depose him by our sentence definitiue forbidding expresly to all Archbishops Bishops all other prelates dukes Marquesses Erles Barons and Knights and al other men of the foresayde kingdome and Lordships subiects and lieges whatsoeuer they be that none of them from this day forward to the foresayd Richard as K. lord of the foresaid realmes and lordships be neither obedient nor attendant After which sentence thus openly declared the said estates admitted forthwith the forenamed cōmissioners for their procurators to resigne and yeeld vp vnto king Richard al their homage and fealty which in times past they had made ought vnto him and also for to declare vnto him if need were all thinges before done that concerned the purpose and cause of his deposing the which resignation was respited till the morow folowing Immediatly as the sentence was in this wise passed that by reason therof the realm stood void without head or gouernor for the time the Duke of Lancaster rising from the place where he before sate and standing where all those in the house might behold him in reuerent maner made a sign of the crosse on his forehed likewise on his brest after silence by an officer cōmaūded said vnto y e people there being present these words following IN the name of the father and of the son The Duke of Lancaster claymeth the Crowne and of the holy ghost I Henrie of Lancaster clayme the realme of England and the crowne with all the appurtenances as I that am discended by right line of the bloud cōming frō that good Lord king Henrie the thirde and through the right that God of his grace hath sent to me with the helpe of my kyn and of my friends to recouer the same which was in poynt to be vndone for default of good gouernance and due iustice After whiche words thus by him vttered he returned and sate him down in the place where before he had sitten After the Archbishop had ended wishing that it might so come to passe the people answered Amen The wordes of the elected king The king then standing on his feet said vnto the Lordes and Cōmons there present I thanke you my Lordes both spirituall and temporal and all the states of this lande and doe you to witte that it is not my will that any man thinke that I by the way of conquest would disinherite any man of his heritage franches or other ryghtes that him ought to haue of right nor for to putte him out of that which he now enioyeth and hath had before time by custome of good law of thys realme except such priuate persons as haue beene against the good purpose and the common profit of the realme When hee had thus ended then all the Sherifes and other officers were put in their authorities againe to exercise the same as before whiche they could not doe whilest the kings royal throne was voyde Tho. VVals Moreouer a Proclamation was made that the states shoulde assemble againe in Parliament on Monday then next ensuing beeing the feast day of S. Fayth whiche is the sixt of October and that the Monday then next following being the .xiij. of the same Moneth and the feast day of Saint Edward the king The coronatiō proclaymed and Confessor the coronation should be solemnised and that al such as had to clayme any seruice to be done by them at the same by any tenure they shoulde come to the white Hall in the kings Palace afore the steward Marshall and Conestable of Englande on Saterday next before the same day of y e Parliamēt The parliamēt and presenting their petitions that were due and rightfull they should obteyne that to them apperteyned Excuse was also made on the kings behalfe for calling a Parliament vpon so short a warning so as the knights and Burgesses were not chaunged but
the table next to the king on his right hand in the hall the day of his coronation and for their fees to haue the foresayde Canapie of golde with the belles and staues notwithstanding the Abbot of Westminster claymed the same Edmond Chambers claymed and obteyned the office of principall Larderer for him and his Deputies by reason of his manour of Skulton Edmond Chambers otherwise called Burdellebin SkultoÌ„ in the couÌ„tie of Norffolke Thus was euery man appoynted to exercise such office as to him of right apperteyned or at the least was thought requisite for the time present On the Monday then next ensuing when the states were assembled in Parliament order was taken that by reason of such preparation as was to be made for the coronation they shoulde sit no more till the morow after Saint Edwards day On the Sunday following being the euen of Saint Edwarde the newe King lodged in the Tower and there made xivj knightes of the Bathe to witte Three of his sonnes Knightes of the Bath The Earle of Arundell The Earle of Warwickes sonne The Earle of Stafforde Two of the Earle of Deuonshires sonne The Lorde Beaumont The Lorde Willoughbies brother The Earle of Staffordes brother The Lorde Camois his sonne The Lorde of Maule Thomas Beauchampe Thomas Pelham Iohn Luttrell Iohn Listey William Hankeford Iustice William Brinchley Iustice Bartholmew Racheforde Giles Danbeney William Butler Iohn Ashton Richarde Sanape Iohn Tiptost Richard Frances Henrie Percy Iohn Arundell William Stralle Iohn Turpington Aylmere Saint Edwarde Hastings Iohn Greissley Gerard Satill Iohn Arden Robert Chalons Thomas Dymocke Hungerforde Gibethorpe Newporte and dyuerse other to the number of .xlvj. The L. Maior of London On the Morrowe beeing Saint Edwardes day and .xiij. of October the Lord Maior of LoÌ„don road towards the Tower to atteÌ„d the king with diuerse worshipfull Citizens clothed all in red and from the Tower the king ridde through the Citie vnto Westminster where he was sacred annoynted and crowned king by the Archbishop of Canterburie with all ceremonies and royall solemnitie as was due and requisite The Earle of 〈◊〉 carried â—…ngs preâ—… Though all other reioysed at his aduauncement yet surely Edmonde Mortimer Earle of March which was cousin and heyre to Lionell duke of Clarence the thirde begotten sonne of king Edwarde the thirde and Richard Earle of Cambridge sonne to Edmonde duke of Yorke whiche had maried Anne sister to the same Edmond were with these doings neither pleased nor contented Insomuch that now the deuision once begon the one linage ceassed not to persecute the other till the heyres males of both the lynes were clearly destroyed and extinct At the day of the coronation to the intent hee shoulde not seeme to take vpon him the crowne scepter royall by plaine extort power and iniurious intrusion Edward erle 〈◊〉 â—…er vn â—…ly faâ—…d 〈◊〉 â—…amed â—…ack he was aduised to make his tytle as heyre to Edmond surnamed or vntruly feyned Crouchbacke sonne to king Henry the third and to say that the said Edmond was elder brother to king Edward the first and for his deformitie put by from the crowne to whoÌ„ by his mother Blanch daughter sole heyre to Henry duke of Lancaster he was next of bloud and vndoubted heyre But bycause not only his friends but also his priuie enimies knew that this was but a forged title considering they were surely enformed not onely that the sayde Edmonde was yonger son to king Henrie the thirde but also had true knowledge that EdmoÌ„d was neither crooke backed nor a deformed persoÌ„ but a goodly gentleman a valiant captain so much fauored of his louing father that he to preferre him in mariage to the Queene Dowager of Nauarre hauing a great liuelode gaue to him the countie Palatine of Lancaster with many notable honours high seigniories and large priuiledges Therefore they aduised him to publish it that hee chalenged the realme not onely by conquest but also bycause he was by king Richarde adopted as beyre and declared by resignation as his lawfull successor being next heyremale to him of the bloud royall But to proceede to other doings the solemnitie of the coronation being ended the morrow after being Tuesday the ParliameÌ„t began again Sir Iohn Cheny speaker of the parliameÌ„t dismissed and Wil. Durward admitted and y e next day sir Iohn Cheyny that was speaker excusing himselfe by reason of his infirmitie sicknesse not to be able to exercise that roumth was dismissed and one William Durward esquire was admitted herewith were the acts established in the Parliament of the .xxj. yere of king Richardes raigne repealed and made voyde Acts repealed and the ordinances deuised in the Parliament holden the .xj. yeare of the same king confirmed Acts coÌ„firmed againe established for good and profitable The same day the kings eldest sonne the Lord Henrie by assent of all the states in the Parliament was created Prince of Wales Duke of Cornwall and Erle of Chester then being of the age of .xij. yeares Vpon the Thursday the commons came and rehersed all the errors of the last Parliament holden in the .xxj. yeare of king Richard and namely in cetaine fiue of them First that where the king that nowe is was readie to arraigne an appeale agaynst the Duke of Norffolke he doing what apperteyned to hys dutie in that behalf was yet banished afterwards without any reasonable cause Secondly the Archbishop of Canterburie Metropolitane of the Realme was foreiudged without answere Thirdly the duke of Gloucester was murthered and after foreiudged Fourthly where the Earle of Arundell alledged his Charter of pardon the same might not be allowed Fifthly that all the power of that euill Parliament was graunted and assigned ouer to certaine persons and sithe that such heynous errors coulde not be coÌ„mitted as was thought without the assent and aduice of them that were of the late kings counsaile they made sure that they might be put vnder arrest and committed to safe keping till order might be further taken for them Thus much adoe there was in this Parliament specially about them that were thought to be guiltie of the duke of Gloucesters death and of the condemning of the other Lords that were adiudged traytors in the foresayde late Parliament holden in the sayde .xxj. yeare of king Richardes raigne Fabian Sir Iohn bagot discloseth secretes Sir Iohn Bagot knight then prisoner in the tower disclosed many secrets vnto the which he was priuie and being brought one day to the barre a bill was read in Englishe whiche hee had made conteyning certaine euill practises of king Richard and further what great affection y e same king bare to the duke of Aumarle insomuch that he heard him say that if he shuld renounce the gouernment of the kingdom he wished to leaue it to the said duke as to the most able maÌ„ for wisdome and manhood of all other for though he could like better of the duke of
of the kings high way let drawe the chaine of the stoupes there and set vp pipes and hurdles in manner and forme of Bulwarkes and set men in Chambers Cellers and Windows with bowes and arrowes and other wepons to the intent to bring to finall destruction my saide Lorde of Gloucesters person aswell as of those that then shoulde come wyth hym 4 Item my said Lord of Gloucester saith and affirmeth that our soueraigne Lorde hys brother that was king Henry the fift tolde him on a time when our soueraigne Lorde being prince was lodged in the pallace of Westminster in the greate chamber by the noise of a spaniell there was on a night a man spied and taken behinde a tapet of the sayde Chamber the whyche man was delyuered to the Earle of Arundell to bee examined vppon the cause of his being there at that time the which so examined at that time confessed that hee was there by the stirring vp and precuring of my saide Lorde of Winchester ordeined to haue slaine the saide Prince there in his bedde Wherefore the saide Earle of Arundell let sacke him forthwith and drowned him in the Thames 5 Item our soueraigne Lorde that was Kyng Henry the fift saide vnto my sayd Lord of Gloucester that his father Kyng Henry the fourth liuing and visited then greately wyth sicknesse of the hand of God my saide Lord of Winchester saide vnto the king Henry the fift then being prince that the king his father so visited with sicknesse was not personable and therefore not disposed to come in conuersation and gouernance of the people and for so much counsailed him to take the gouernance crown of this lande vpon hym The aunswere of the Bishop HEre ensue the aunswers to the accusations made by my Lorde of Winchester Chauncellour of Englande vnto the causes and matters of heauinesse declared in the Articles against him by my Lorde of Gloucester 1 Fyrst as of the refuse made vnto my lord of Gloucester of opening the Tower to him of his lodging therein by the commaundement of my saide lorde of Winchester he aunswereth that in the presence of my saide Lord of Gloucester before his comming out of his country of Heinault for causes suche as were thought resonable it seemeth lawfull that the Tower shoulde haue bin notably stored and kepte with victuall howbeit it was not forthwith executed and that in likewise after that my said lord of Gloucester was gone into his said countrey of Heinault for seditious and odious villes and languages caste vsed in the citie of London sounding of insurrection and rebellion againste the kings peace and destruction aswell of diuers estates of this lande as strangers being vnder the defence in so muche that in doubt thereof straungers in greate number fledde the lande And for the more sure keping of the said Tower Richarde Wooduile esquier so trusted with our soueraigne lord the king that deade is as well ye knowe and also chamberlaine and counsellor vnto my Lorde of Bedforde wyth a certaine number of defensible persons assigned vnto hym was made deputie there by the assent of the kings counsell being that time at London for to abide therein for the safegarde thereof and straightlie chardged by the saide counsell that during that tyme of his sayde chardge he shoulde not suffer any man to be in the Tower stronger than hymselfe without speciall charge or commaundement of the king by the aduise of his counsell 2 Item that after soone vppon the comming of my laid Lord of Gloucester into this lande from his countrey of Heinault the saide lords of the kings counsell were informed that my said Lorde of Gloucester grudged with the saide manner of enforcing the Tower and let say to them of London that hee had well vnderstande that they had bin heauily threatned for the time of his absence and otherwise than they should haue bin if he had bin in this land Wherfore hee was right euill contented and especially of the said forcing of the Tower set vpon them in manner of a chast villayne consideryng the good equitie and truthe that they had alwayes kepte vnto the king offering them therevpon remedy if they woulde 3 Item that after this Richard Scot lieuetenaunt of the Tower by the commaundement of my saide Lorde of Gloucester broughte vnto him Frier Randolphe the whiche he had long before confessed treason done by hym againste the Kings person that deade is for the whiche knowledge he was put to bee kept in the sayde Tower and straightly commaunded vnder greate paine giuen vnto the said Scot to kepe him straightly and surely and not to lette him out of the saide Tower wythout commaundement of the Kyng by the aduise of his counsell The whiche Frier Randolphe my saide Lord of Gloucester kept then with himself not witting to the saide Scot as he declared vnto my sayde Lorde of Winchester soone after that he had broughte the saide Frier Randolph vnto my Lorde of Gloucester saying vnto my Lorde of Winchester that he was vndone but hee helped hym and expressed as for cause of the withhoulding of Frier Randolphe And saying moreouer that when hee desired of my saide Lorde of Gloucester Fryer Randolph the deliueraunce of the saide Frier Randolphe to leade him againe vnto the Tower or sufficient warrant for hys dischardge my saide Lorde of Gloucester aunswered him that his commaūdement was sufficient warrant and discharge for hym In the whiche thing abouesaid it was thought to my lord of Winchester that my said lord of Gloucester tooke vpon hym further than his auctoritie stretched vnto and caused him to doubt and dreade leaste that he would haue proceeded further And at suche time as the saide Wooduile came vnto hym to aske his aduise counsell of lodging my said L. of Gloucester in y e Tower he aduised and charged him that before he suffred my saide lord of Gloucester or any person lodge therein stronger than himselfe he shoulde puruey him a sufficiēt warrant therof of the K. by the aduise of his counsell 4 Item as to the said article of the foresaide causes of heauinesse my said lord chauncellour answereth that hee neuer purposed to set hande on the kings persō nor to remoue him or that he shoulde be remoued or put in any manner of gouernaūce but by the aduise of the kings coūsell For hee coulde not perceyue any manner of goodnes or of aduātage y e might haue growne to him therof but rather great perill charge and herof my saide lord of Winchester is ready to make proofe in time and place conueniēt 5 Item as to the .iij. article of the foresaid causes and heauines my saide lorde Chauncelor answereth y t he was ofte diuers times warned by diuers credible persōs aswell at the time of the kings last parliamēt holdē at Westminster as before sith y t my said L. of Gloucester purposed him bodily harm was warned ther of and counselled by the said persons
Kyng at length was deposed and his sonne slayn and his Queene sent home agayne with as muche myserie and sorrowe as she was receyued with pompe and triumph such is the instabilitie of worldly felicitie and so wauering is false flattering fortune This yere after the deceasse of Henry Chicheley Archbishop of Canterbury succeeded Iohn Stafford in gouernment of that sea being translated from Bathe and Welles He was the .lxj. Archbishop as Polydore noteth During the tyme of the truce Richard duke of Yorke and dyuers other capitaines repaired into Englande both to visite their wyues children and frendes and also to consult what shuld be done if the truce ended For the whiche cause a Parliament was called An. reg 24. in the which it was especially cōcluded that by good foresight Normandie mighte be so furnished for defence before the ende of the Truce 1446 that the Frenche king should take no aduantage through wante of tymely prouision for it was knowne that if a peace were not concluded the Frenche kyng did prepare to imploye his whole puissance to make open warre Herevppon money was graunted The Duke of Somerset made Regent of Normadie an armye leuyed and the Duke of Somerset appoynted to be Regent of Normandie and the Duke of Yorke therof discharged I haue seene in a Register booke belongyng somtime to the Abbey of S. Albons that the D. of Yorke was established Regent of France after the decease of the duke of Bedford to continue in that office for the terme of .v. yeres which being expired he returned home and was ioyfully receiued of the king with thanks for his good seruice as he had full well deserued in tyme of that his gouernement and further that now when a newe Regent was to be chosen sent ouer to abide vpon safegard of the countreys beyond the seas as yet subiect to the English dominion the said duke of Yorke was estsoones as a man most mete to supplie that roomth appointed to go ouer again as Regent of Fraunce with all his former allowances But the Duke of Somersette still maligning the Duke of Yorkes aduauncement as hee had soughte to hinder his dispatche at the firste when he was sent ouer to be regent as before ye haue heard he likewyse nowe wrought so that the king reuoked his graunt made to the duke of Yorke for enioying of that office the terme of other fiue yeares and with helpe of Williā Marques of Suffolke obteyned that graunt for him selfe Whiche malicious dealing the Duke of Yorke mighte so euill heare that in the ende the heate of displeasure burst out into suche a flame as consumed at length not only bothe those two noble personages but also many thousandes of others though in dyuers tymes seasons as in places hereafter as occasion serueth it shal more euidently appeare But nowe to returne to the Parliament The Marques of Suffolke supposing that all men had as well lyked his doinges duryng the tyme of hys Legation in Fraunce as the same pleased himselfe The Marques of Suffolkes requestes the seconde daye of Iune in the fyrst Session of this Parliamente before all the Lordes bothe Spirituall and Temporall in the hygher house assembled openly eloquently and boldly declared his payne trauaile and diligence susteyned in his sayde Legation as well for the takyng and concluding an abstinence of warre as in the making of the marriage opening also to them that the sayd truce expired the firste of Aprill next comming except a small peace or a farther truce were concluded in the meane season and therfore he aduised them to prouide and forsee things necessarie for the warre as though no concorde shoulde succede least happly the Frenchemen perceyuing them vnprouided wold take theyr aduantage and agree neyther to peace nor amitie saying vnto them that syth hee hadde admonyshed the Kyng and them accordyng to hys duetie if anye thyng happened otherwyse than well hee was therof innocente and guyltlesse and hadde acquyted hymselfe like a true and louyng subiecte and a faythfull counsayloure praying the Lordes to haue it in remembraunce Lykewyse on the morrowe after he descended into the common house accompanyed with certain Lordes and there declared the same matter to the Knyghtes Citizens and Burgeses praying the Commons for hys discharge that as well all hys dooyngs and proceedyngs in the Kyngs affaires beyonde the sea as also his aduertisemente and counsell opened to the Lords and Commons nowe together assembled might bee by the Kyng and them enacted and enrolled in the Recordes of the Parliament Wherevppon the morrow after the Speaker William Burleye and the company of the lower house repayred vnto the Kyngs presence then syttyng amongst the Lordes of the vpper house and there humblye required that the request of the Marques myght be graunted and so likewise the Lords made the like petition kneling on their knees in so muche that the Kyng condescended to their desires and so the labors demeanors diligences and declarations of the sayde Marques together wyth the desyres not only of the Lordes but also of the commons as wel for the honor of him and his posteritie as for his acquitall discharge were enacted enrolled in the records of the Parliament By y e Quenes meanes shortly after also was the said Marques aduaunced so in authoritie that hee ruled the Kyng at his pleasure and to his hyghe preferment obteyned the wardships both of the bodye and landes of the Countesse of Warwike and of the Ladie Margaret sole heire to Iohn Duke of Somerset whiche Ladie was after mother to King Henry the seuenth and beside that caused the kyng to create Iohn de Foys sonne to Gaston de Foys Earle of Longvile and the Captaw de Bueff Earle of Kendall whiche Iohn had maryed his neece and by his procurement the king elected to the order of the garter the sayde Gaston and Iohn his sonne giuyng to the sonne towards the mayntenaunce of hys degree landes and castelles amounting to the summe of one thousande poundes whiche landes name and style the issue and lyne of the sayde Earle of Kendale at this daye haue and enioye These things being thus in doing the French king seeyng that the Towne of Mans was not deliuered accordyng to the appoyntement taken by force of the mariage raysed an armie for to recouer the same Wherof the king of England beeing aduertised least the breache of the truce should come by him caused the towne to be deliuered without any force A commotion in Norvviche This yeare was a great commotion in Norwiche agaynst the Prior of the place At length the Citizens opened the gates to the Duke of Norffolke whiche came thyther to appease the matter though at the fyrst they woulde not suffer hym to enter The chiefe offenders were accordyng to their demerites The liberties of Norvviche seased into the kings handes greuously punished and executed and the Mayre was discharged of hys office Sir Iohn Clyfton
not a man apt to the gouernemente of a Realme wanting both witte and stomacke sufficient to supply the roomth which he held Many of the high estates not liking y e world and disalowing the actes and doings both of the King and his counsaile determined to practise howe things might come to some alteration When the Duke vnderstoode their mindes he chiefly entertayned and wanne the fauour of two Neuilles and both named Richarde He 〈◊〉 hymself with the Neuilles the one Earle of Salisburie and the other Earle of Warwike the first being the father and y e second the sonne This Earle of Salisburie was second sonne to Raufe Neuill Earle of Westmerland whose daughter the Duke of Yorke had married The sister of Rich. Neuille erle of Salisbury and the sayde Richard was espoused to Lady Alice the only childe and sole heire of Thomas Montacute Earle of Salisburie slayne at the siege of Orleans as before is declared of which woman he begate Richarde Iohn and George Richard the eldest sonne espoused Anne the sister heyre of the entire bloud to Lord Henry Beauchamp Earle and after Duke of Warwike in whose right and title he was created and named Erle of Warwike This man through a certaine naturall inclination and practise did so set forward a sortâ—… good qualities whiche rested in him with wittie and gentle demeanor towards all maner of persons both of high and lowe degree that he grew into suche fauoure and estimation amongst the common people The descriptioÌ„ of the erle of Warwike that they iudged him able to do all things that without hym nothing could be well done For whiche causes his authoritie so farfoorth increased that whiche way he bowed that way ranne the streame and what parte hee tooke that sayde got the game When the Duke of Yorke hadde fastened hys chaine betwene these two strong pillers An. reg .33 he with his frendes wrought so effectuously and handled his businesse so politikely The duke of Somerset arrested that the Duke of Somerset was arrested in the Quenes great chamber and sente to the Towre of London where he kept his Christmasse without great solemnitie against whome in open Parliamente were layd diuers and heynous articles of high treason 1455 as wel for the losse of Normandie as for the late mischance which happened in Guyenne The king at y e time was sicke at Clarendon and conueyed to London by reason whereof no fynall determination proceeded in thys weightie cause but all was put in suspence tyll the next assemblie of the high Court of Parliamente VVeâ—…amsted Wee finde in some Writers that whilest the K. was sicke the D. of Yorke bare all the rule gouerned as Regent or Viceroy by authoritie committed to him by the Lords of the Realme then assembled in counsell to see to the preseruation and good gouernemente of the common wealth The king sick during the time of that y e kings sicknes which was so greeuous that hee lay senselesse and was not able for a time either to goe or stande The Duke of Yorke therefore hauing obteyned an absolution of the Pope to discharge him of his oth before taken did now discouer the sparkes of his hatred hid vnder the ashes of dissimulation against the D. of Somerset but yet when the K. had recouered strength againe and resumed to hym hys former princely gouernemente eyther of hys owne mynde or by the Queenes procurement The duke of Somerset sette at libertie hee caused the Duke of Somerset to be set at libertie by whiche doyng great enuie displeasure grew And to aggrauat more the malice of the D. of Yorke his frieÌ„ds the Queene whiche then bare the chiefe rule caused the Duke of Somerset to be preferred to the Captaineshippe of Calaice He is made de â—…ie of Caleis wherewith not only the commons but also many of the nobilitie were greately greeued and offended saying that he had lost Normandie and so would he do Calaice The Duke of Yorke and his adherentes perceyuing that neither exhortation serued nor accusatioÌ„ preuailed against the Duke of Somerset determined to reuenge their quarrell and obteyne their purpose by open warre and so he being in the marches of Wales The duke of Yorke assembled an army accompanyed with his speciall friends the Earles of Salisburie and Warwike the Lorde Cobham and others assembled a power and like warlike persons marched toward London The King enformed heereof assembled lykewise a great host meaning to meete with the Duke rather in the North parts than about London where it was thought he had too many friends with great speede and small lucke being accompanied with the Dukes of Somerset and Buckingham the Earles of Pembroke Stafford VVhethaÌ„sted Northumberlande Deuonshire Dorset Wilshire the Lords Clifford Sudley Berneis Roos and others beeing in all aboue two thousande men of warre departed from Westminster the twentith or as some haue the one and twentith of May and laye the firste nighte at Wadford Of whose doings the Duke of Yorke by espials hauing still aduertisement with al his power beeing not past three thousande men as some write coasted the Countrey and came to the said Towne of Saint Albons the third day next ensuing The King had pight his Standert in a place called Goselowe otherwise Sandiford in Saint Peeters streete the Lord Clifforde kept the barriers of the Towne to stoppe that the D. being asseÌ„bled in Keye fielde shuld not enter y e towne But the King wheÌ„ he heard first of y e Dukes approche sente to him messengers as the Duke of Buckingham and others to vnderstaÌ„d what he meant by his comming VVhethaÌ„sted thus furnished after the manner of warre The Duke of Buckingham doing his message as hee had in commaundement The duke of Buckingham sent to the D. of Yorke was aunswered by the Duke of Yorke and his complices that they were all of them the Kings faithfull liege subiects and intended no harme to him at all and the cause of our comming hither say they is not to doe anye hurt to his person but let that wicked and naughtie man the Duke of Somerset bee deliuered vnto vs who hathe lost Normandie The Duke of Somerset burdened with all thinges that had happened amisse and taken no regard to the preseruation of Gascoigne yea and furthermore hath brought this Realme of England vnto this miserable estate that where it was the floure of nations and the Princesse of all prouinces now doth it sitte as a widowe forsaken not hauyng any louing sonnes but suche whome that euill man seeketh to destroy and to deuoure both theÌ„ and their substance if it therefore please the kyng to deliuer him into our handes wee are readye without trouble or breach of peace to returne in quiet home into our Countrey but if the Kyng be not minded so to doe but denye our request bycause he will by no
meanes misse him let hym vnderstand that we will rather dye in the fielde than now to returne without our hoped pray The King aduertised of this the aunswere and purposed intention more wilfull than reasonable chose rather to trie the hazard of battell than to deliuer the Duke of Somerset into the handes of his enimies whiche they perceyuyng straightway sounded the trumpet to battell or rather as Hall hath while king Henry sent forth his Ambassadors to treate of peace at the one end of y e towne the Erle of Warwike The first battaile at Sainte Albons VVhethāsted with his Marchmen entred at the other end fiercely setting on y e kings foreward within a small tyme discomfited the same The place where they first brake into y e towne was about the middle of S. Peters streete The fight for a time was ryghte sharp cruell for y e D. of Somerset w t the other lords cōming to y e succours of their companiōs that were put to y e worse did what they could to boate backe y e enimies but the D. of Yorke Hall sent euer fresh men to succour the weerie to supplye the places of them that were hurt by which policie the Kings army was finally brought to cōfusion and all the chiefetaines of the fielde slaine and beaten downe for there dyed vnder y e signe of the Castell Edmond Duke of Sommerset who as hath bin reported was warned long before to auoyde all Castels and beside hym laye Henry the seconde of that name Earle of Northumberland Thomas Lord Cliffords hath Whethamsted Humfrey Erle of Stafford sonne to the Duke of Buckingham Iohn Lord Clifford Sir Barthram Antwisell Knight a Norman borne who forsaking his natiue Countrey to continue in his loyal obedience to King Henrie came ouer to dwell heere in Englande when Normandie was lost William Zouche Iohn Boutreux Raufe Bapthorp with his sonne W. Corwyn W. Cotton Gilbert Faldinger Raynold Griffon Iohn Dawes Elice Wood Io. Eithe Ra. Woodwarde Gilbert Skarlock and Rafe Willoughby Esquiers with manye other in all to the number of .viij. thousande as Edwarde Hall sayth in his Chronicle if there escaped not a fault in the Impression as .8000 for .800 sith hundreds in very deede would better agree with the number of the Kings whole power whiche he brought with him to that battell beeyng not many aboue two thousande as by writers it appeareth Humfrey Duke of Buckingham being woūded and Iames Butler Earle of Ormond and Wilshire and Thomas Thorp Lord chief Baron of the Eschequer seeing fortune thus to bee against them left the King post alone and with a great number fledde away Those that thus fledde made the best shifte they coulde to get away through gardens and backesides through shrubbes hedges woddes seeking places where to hide themselues til that daungerous tempest of the battell were ouerblowen The kinges part vanquished Diuers of the Kings house also that coulde better skill to play the Courtiers than warriors fledde with the first and those of the East partes of the Realme were likewise noted of too much lacke of courage for their speedie withdrawing themselues and leauing the King in danger of his aduersaries who perceyuing hys men thus fledde from him withdrewe into a poore mans house to saue himselfe from the shot of arrowes that flewe about his eares as thicke as snowe falling from the skye The Duke of Yorke aduertised of the place into the whiche the King was withdrawen hasted thither with all speede and comforted hym in the best wise he could assuring him that now that the common enimie of the Realme was dispatched to witte the Duke of Sommerset he had cause rather to reioyce than to bee sorie sith his destruction was the Kings preseruation and for himselfe and all his adherents he vndertooke that they were and would remayne duryng life his most faithfull liege people ready in al points to serue hym as his trustie and obediente subiectes After he hadde vsed suche words to him as he thought best to comforte him with he broughte him forth of that simple house into the which he was crept withe all due reuerence shewed towarde hym fyrste to the Shrine and after to his chamber Whilest the Duke of Yorke was about thus to comfort the King the Souldiers that had the victorie nowe in their hands applyed the spoyle namely the Northerne men stripping not only those that had borne armour against them but also the Townesmen and other with whome they might meete so that it was thoughte if the King had taken vp his lodging at his first comming thither within the Abbey as hee did not but in the middes of the Towne to prouide the better to resist his enimies the Abbey had beene spoyled also This was the ende of the firste battell at S. Albons whiche was foughte on a Thurseday next before the feast of Penthecost being y e three and twentith daye of May in thys three thirtith yeare of the kings raigne The bodies of the noble men were buried in the monasterie in our Ladies Chappell and the meane people in other places This Edmond Duke of Sommerset left behinde him three sonnes Henrye Edmonde Foure of th◅ to wit the D◅ of Somerset the earle of Northumberland the ◅ Clifford wo◅ buried in o◅ Ladies chapel VVethamst◅ and Iohn which to the extremitie of death tooke part with the line of King Henry The Duke of Yorke hauing got this victorie remembred well that hee hadde published abroade howe the onely cause of this warre was for the aduancemente of the common wealthe and therefore vsing al courtesie would not touch the Kings person after anye violente sorte but with all honor and due reuerence conueyed him to London and so to Westminster to whiche place was summoned a Parliamente A parliament whyche began the ninth daye of Iuly in the whiche sessiō the late Duke of Gloucester was openly declared a true subiect both to the King and to the Realme Beside this it was enacted that no person shoulde either iudge or report any poynt of vntroth of the Duke of Yorke the Earles of Salisburie and Warwike or of anye Knighte Esquier archer or other for comming in warlike aray against the King at Saint Albons considering theyr enterprice was only to see y e kings person in safegard But all the blame was put vpon the Duke of Sommerset Thomas Thorp VVetham◅ Collaterall A letter kep◅ from the king of purpose Baron of the Eschequer Wil. Iosep Esquier y e kings collateral companion bicause that they vpō a malitious purpose kept a certain letter from y e kyngs knowledge and would in no wise suffer it to be deliuered vnto him notwithstāding y e same made to the aduancement of some good assured peace if it had beene throughly and aduisedly read weyed and considered in which letter they declared that as faythfull and humble subiectes they requyred onely that it would please
and twentie years one Monethe and eyght dayes died at Westminster the ninth day of Aprill the yeare of our redemption a thousande foure hundreth foure score and three leauyng muche fayre issue that is to witte Edwarde the Prince a thirteene yeare of age Richarde Duke of Yorke twoo yeare yonger Elizabeth whose fortune and grace was after to bee Queene wyfe vnto Kyng Henry the seuenth and mother vnto the eyght Cicelie not so fortunate as faire Briget whyche representyng the vertue of hyr whose name shee bare professed and obserued a religious life in Dertforde an house of close Nunnes Anne that was after honourablye married vnto Thomas then Lorde Hawarde and after Earle of Surrey And Katherine which long time tossed in either fortune somtime in wealth ofte in aduersitie at the laste if this be the laste for yet shee liuethe is by the benignitye of hir Nephewe King Henry the eyghte in very prosperous estate and worthy hir birthe and vertue This noble Prince deceassed at his Palaice of Westminster and wyth greate funerall honour and heauinesse of his people from thence conueyed The loue of the people was enterred at Windsor A King of such gouernaunce and behauiour in time of peace for in warre eche parte muste needes bee others enimye that there was neuer any Prince of this lande attainyng the Crowne by battaile so hartelye beeleued wyth the â—…staunce of the people nor he hymselfe so speciallye in anye parte of hys life as at the time of hys deathe Whiche fauour and affection yet after hys deceasse by the crueltie mischiefe and trouble of the tempestuous worlde that followed highelye towarde him more increased At suche tyme as he died the displeasure of those that bare hym grudge for Kyng Henryes sake the sixte whome he deposed was well â—…ged and in effect quenched in that that many of them were deade in more than twentye yeares of hys raigne a greate parte of a long life And many of them in the meane season growen into his fauour of whiche he was neuer strange He was a goodlye personage Description of Edvvarde the fourthe and Princely to beholde of harte couragious pollitique in counsell in aduersitie nothyng abashed in prosperitie rather ioyfull than proud in peace iuste and mercifull in warre sharpe and fierce in the fielde bolde and hardye and nathelesse no further than wisedome woulde aduenturous whose warres who so wel consider hee shall no lesse commende hys wisedome where hee voyded than his manhoode where he vanquished Hee was of visage lonelye of body mightye strong and cleane made Howbeit in his latter dayes wyth ouer liberall dyer somewhat corpulent and boorely and â—…atheles not vncomely hee was of youth greately giuen to fleshely wantonnesse from which health of body in great prosperity and fortune without a speciall grace hardely refraineth Thys faulte not greately greeued the people for neyther coulde anye one mans pleasure stretche and extende to the displeasure of verye manye and was wythout violence and ouer that in hys latter dayes lessed and well lefte In whiche time of his latter dayes this Realme was in quiet and prosperous estate no feare of outwarde enemyes no warre in hand nor none towarde but suche as no man looked for the people towarde the Prince not in a constrained feare but in a willyng and louyng obedience among themselues the commons in good peace The Lordes whome hee knewe at variaunce hymselfe in his deathe bed appeased hee hadde lefte all gathering of money whiche is the onely thing that withdraweth the hartes of Englishemen fro the Prince nor any thing intended he to take in hande by whyche hee shoulde bee driuen thereto for hys tribute 〈…〉 〈◊〉 of Fraunce hee hadde before obteyne do And the yeare foregoing his deathe 〈◊〉 hadde obteyned Warwicke And albeit that 〈◊〉 the time of his raigne hee was wyth his people so beâ—…igne coueâ—…ous and so families that no part of his vertues 〈◊〉 more esâ—…emen yet y t condition in the ende of his dayes in whyche many Princes by along continued 〈…〉 â—…tie â—…like 〈…〉 proud â—…porâ—… from â—…boâ—…ain bâ—…â—…r 〈◊〉 their beginnyng warde 〈◊〉 flye in hym grewe and increased so farre forth that in 〈◊〉 the â—…e that 〈◊〉 sawe hys hâ—…m 〈◊〉 being at Wiâ—…â—…unting thee for the Mâ—…or and Aldermâ—… of London to hym for none 〈◊〉 errande and to 〈◊〉 them hâ—…band and heâ—… mâ—…rye with hym where hee made them not so â—…ly but so friendely and so familiar cheare and fence veâ—…son from thence so freely into the Citie that no â—…ng in many dayes before gaâ—… hym eyther mâ—… heartes or more heartye fauour amongest the common people whiche oftentimes more esteeme and take for greater kindnes a little courtesie than a greate benefite So deceassed as I haue sayde this noble King in that time in whiche his life was moste desired Whose loue of hys people and their entire affection towarde him â–ª hadde bene to hys noâ—… children haâ—…ng in themselues also as manye gifts of nature 〈◊〉 many Princely vertues asmuche goodlye towardnesse at their age coulde receyue a 〈◊〉 â—…lloâ—… fortresse and fate armour if diuision dissention of their friendes had not vnarmed them and lesse them destitute and the execrable desire of souerainty prouoked hym to their destruction whiche if eyther kinde of kindnesse hadde houlden place muste needes haue bene their chiefe defence For Richarde the Duke of Gloucester by nature their vncle by office their protectour to their father beâ—… to themselfe by othe and allegiaunce boâ—…nden all the bandes broken that bindeâ—… maâ—… and man togyther wythout anye respecte of God or the worlde vnnaturally contriued to berene them not only their dignitie but also their liues But for asmuche as this Dukes demeanor ministreth in effect all the whole matter whereof this booke shall intreate it is therefore conuenient somewhat to shewe you ere wee farther goe what manner of man thys was that coulde finde in his harte so muche mischiefe to conceiue Richarde Duke of Yorke Richarde duke of Yorke a noble man and a mightie beganne not by warre but by lawe to chalendge the Crowne puttyng hys claime into the Parliament where his cause was eyther for righte or fauour so farre forthe auaunced that King Henry his bloude albeit he has a goodly Prince vtterly reiected the Crowne was by aucthoritie of parliament entailed vnto the Duke of Yorke and his issue male in remainder immediatly after the deathe of Kyng Henry But the Duke not induryng so long to carry but entendyng vnder pretexte of dissention and debate arising in the Realme to preuent his time and to take vppon hym the rule in Kyng Henry his life was with many nobles of the Realme at Wakefielde slaine leauing three sonnes Edwarde George and Richard All three as they were greate states of birth so were they great and stately of stomack greedy and ambitious of auctoritie Edvvarde and impatient of partners Edwarde reuenging his fathers deathe depriued Kyng Henry
come liâ—… to 〈◊〉 him with actes and deedeâ—… After this the Earle tooke his iourney to Charles the French king lying them at Lâ—…nges vpon the eâ—… of Aâ—…yra to where after greate thankes giuen for manifolde pleasures by him to the Earle shewed he disclosed and manifested the cause and occasion of his accesse and repayâ—…e in his person After that he required of him helpe and succes to the intent that by his immortall benefit to him at that time shewed hee might safely returne in the nobilitie of his realm of whoÌ„ he was generally called to take vpon him the crowne and sâ—…pter of the Realme they much hated and abhoâ—… the tyrannie of king Richarde King Charles promised him ayde and comfort and haue him 〈◊〉 of good courage and make good cheere for he assured him that he would gladly shew to â—…are hys beneuolent minde bountifull liberalitie Which king from thence remoued to Mountaâ—…gis leading with him the Erle of Richmond and all the noble personages of his retinne and faction While the Earle was thus attendant in the French court Iohn Vere Erle of Oxforde which as you haue heard before was by king Edward kept in prison within the Castell of Hammes so perswaded Iames Blunte Captaine of the same Fortresse and sir Iohn Fortescew Porter of the towne of Calays that he himselfe was not onely dismissed and set at libertie but they also abandoning and leauing theyr fruitful offices condiscended to go with him into Fraunce to the Earle of Richmonde and to take his part But Iames Blunt like a wise captain bicause he left his wife remayning in the Castell before his departure he fortified the same both with new munitions and newe Souldiours When the Erle of Richmonde saw the Earle of Oxforde hee was rauished with an incredible gladnesse that he being a man of so high nobility at such knowledge practises in feates of warre and so constant trustie and assured which alway had studied for the maintenance and preferment of the house of Lancaster was nowe by Gods prouision deliuered out of captiuitie and imprisonment and in time so necessarie and conuenient â—…ome to his ayde succour and aduancement in whom more since than any other he might put his trust and confidence and take lesse paine and trauaile in his owne person For it was not hyd from him that suche as euer had taken parte with King Edwarde before thys tyme came to 〈◊〉 seruice eyther for malice that they bare to King Richarde or else for feare to liue vnder hys â—…ell rull and â—…rannous gouernance Not long after the French King returned againe to Paris whom the Earle of Richmond followed â—…ding there to solicite his matter to the conclusion Wherevpon hee besought King Charles to take vpon him the whole tuition and deâ—… 〈◊〉 him and his cause so that hee and hys compâ—… 〈◊〉 by his meanes ayded and comforted shoulde confesse and saye theyr wealth victorie and aduancement to haue flowed budded forth of his bountifulnesse liberalitie which they would God willing shortly reâ—…ite In the meane season diuerse English men which eithâ—… fled out of EnglaÌ„d for feare or were at Paris to learne and studie good literature and betweene doctrine 〈◊〉 voluntarily and submitted themselues to the erle of Richmonde vowed and sware to take his 〈◊〉 Amongst whom was Richard For a priest 〈◊〉 of great wit and no lesse learning whom the Earle 〈◊〉 receiued into secret familiaritie and in briâ—… time erected and aduaunced him to high dignities and promotions and in conclusion he made hide Bishop of Winchester In the meane season king Richarde was credibly aduertised what promises and othes the Erle and his confederates had made and sworne togither at Reunes how by the Erles meanes all the English men were passed out of Brytain into France Wherefore being sore dismayd and in a maner disperate bicause his craftie chieuance tooke none effect in Brytayne ymagined and deuised how to infringe and disturbe the Erles purpose by another meane so that by the mariage of Ladie Elizabeth his Neece he should pretend no clayme nor tytle to the crowne For he thought if that mariage fayled the Erles chiefe combe had bene clearly cut And bycause that he being blinded with the ambitious desire of rule before thys tyme in obteyning the kingdome had commytted and done manye cuâ—…fed actes and detestable tyâ—…ies yet according to the oâ—… Prouerbe let him take the Bull that stale a way the Calfe he thought all factes by him committed in times passed to be but of small moment and not to bee regarded in comparison of that mischieuous imagination which he now newly began atteÌ„pted There came into his vngracious mind a thing not onely betestable to be spoken of in the remembrance of man but much more cruell and abhominable to be put in execution For when he reuolued in his wauering mind how greate fountaine of mischiefe towarde him shoulde spring if the Earle of Richmonde shoulde bee aduaunced to the mariage of his nere which thing he heard say by the rumour of the people that no small number of wise and witâ—… personages 〈◊〉 â—…rysed to compasse and bringed to conclusiâ—… he therely determined to reconcile to his fauour his brothers wife Queene Elizabeth eyther by fayre wordes or liberall promises firmely beleeuing hir fauour once obteynes that shee woulde not sticke so commit and louingly credite to hym the rule and gouernance both of hir hir daughter A subtil and lewde practise of king Richard and so by that mennes the Erle of RichmoÌ„d of the affinitie of his Nece shoulde be vtterly defrauded and beguiled And if no ingenerous remedie could bee otherwise inuented to saue the innumerable mischiefs which were euen at hande and like to fall if it shoulde happen Queene Anne his wife to depart out of this present life then hee himselfe woulde rather take to wife his cousin and Nece the Ladie Elizabeth than for lacke of that affâ—…e the whole Realme shoulde runne to ruine aâ—… who sayde that if he once fell from his estate and dignitie the ruine of the Realme must needes shortly ensue and follow Wherefore hee sent to the Queene being in Sanctuarie dyuerse and often messengers which first shoulde excuse and purge him of all things before agaynst hir attempted or procured and after shoulde so largely promise promotions innumerable and benefites not onelye to hir but also to hir sonne Lorde Thomas Marques Dorcet that they shoulde bring hir if it were possible into some wanhope or as men say into a fooles Paradise The Messengers being men both of wit and grauitie so perswaded the Queene with greate and pregnant reasons what with fayre large promises that she began somewhat to relent and to giue to them no deafe eare insomuch that shee faythfully promised to submitte and yeelde hirselfe fullye and frankely to the Kings will and pleasure And so she putting in obliuion the murther of hir innocent children the infamie
seat were the captains of the gards the prouost of y e houshold before the K. kneled y e Vshers of the chaÌ„ber vpon y e one knee at the foot of the step y e wentvp to the kings seat were the prouosts of the merchaÌ„ts Escheuins of the town of Paris Beneath in the hall the gates wherof were stil open ther was an infinit nuÌ„ber of people of al natioÌ„s in presence of them al y e K. made this declaratioÌ„ The cause wherfore I haue made this asseÌ„bly is for y e the emperor elect hath sent to me an herault of armes who as I coÌ„iecture as the same herault hath said as his safeconduit importeth hath brought me letters patents autentike coÌ„cerning y e suertie of the field for the combat y t shuld be betwixt the said elected Emperor and me And forasmuche as the said Herauld vnder color to bring the suretie of y e field may vse certain fictions dissimulatioÌ„s or hipoccrisies to shift off y e matter wher as I desire expeditioÌ„ to haue it dispatched out of hand so y t by the same an end of the warres which haue so loÌ„g coÌ„tinued may be had to y e ease coÌ„fort of all Christendom to auoyd the effusion of bloud other mischieues which come thereof I haue wished it knowne to al Christendom to the end y t euery one may vnderstand the truth from whence procedeth y e mischief the long continuance therof I haue also caused this asseÌ„blie to be made to shewe y t I haue not w tout great cause enterprised suche an act for the right is on my side if I should otherwise haue don mine honor had beÌ„ greatly blemished A thing which my lords y t ar of my bloud other my subiects wold haue takeÌ„ in euil part And knowing y e cause of y e coÌ„bat and my right they will beare w t it as good loyall subiects ought to do trusting by Gods helpe to proceed in such sort therin y t it shal plainly appere if y e right be on my side or not and how against truth I haue bin accused for a breaker of my faith which I wold be loth to do nor at any time haue ment so to do The kings my predecessors ancestors whose pictures ar engraueÌ„ set here in order w t in this hall which in their days haue successiuely atchieued glorious acts greatly augmented y e realm of France wold think me vnworthy not capable to be their successor if against myne honor I shuld suffer my self to be charged w t such a note by y e emperor shuld not defeÌ„d my person honor in y e maner and form acustomed And herwith he declared the whole case as it stode first how being taken at Paris by fortune of warre he neuer gaue his faith to any of his enimies consenting to be led into Spayne caused his owne galeys to be made redie to conuey him thither where at his arriual he was comitted to ward 〈◊〉 castell of Madrill garden w t a great nuÌ„ber of hauing busiers and others which vncurteous dealing found in the emperor so muche greued him y t he fel sick lay in danger of death Vâ—…oÌ„ the Emperor coÌ„ming to visite him after his recouerie of helth an ward was made betwixt w t deputies of the Emperor the ambassadors of the Lady his mother then regent of France which accord was so vnreason able that no prince being in libertie wold haue consented that to dor for his deliuerate haue promised so great 〈◊〉 some Which treatie yee they constrained here as he said to sweat to perform being prisoner against y e protestation whiche heauens times had made yea as yet being sicke in danger of recidination so consequently of death After this he was coÌ„ueyd foorth on his iorney homewards stil garded not set at libertie it was told him y e after he came into FraÌ„ce it was coÌ„uenient y t he should giue his faith for y t it was known wel enough y t what he did or promised in Spain it nothing auailed and further he remembred not y t the Emperor had tolde him at any time y t if he performed not the contents of the treatie he wold hold him for a breker of his faith though he had he was not in his libertie to make any answer Two things therfore said he in this case ar to be coÌ„sidered one y t the treatie was violeÌ„tly wroong out froÌ„ them y t coulde not bind his person and y t which as to y e residue had bin accoÌ„plished by his mother deliuering his sons in hostage The other thing was his preteÌ„ded faith on whiche they can make no grouÌ„d sith he was not set at libertie And hereto he shewed many reasons to proue y t his enimies could not pretende in right y t they had his faith The fielde 〈◊〉 is a place vvhere they may safely com to sight in listes before indâ—…eâ—… Iudges Further he said that in matter of combat there was the assailant whiche oughte to giue suretie of y e field the defendant the weapons Herwith also he caused a letter to beced which the Emperor had written to Maister Iâ—…han de Calnymont presideÌ„t of Burdeaux y e said kings ambassador in the course of the said Emperor The tenor of which better imported that y e emperor put the said ambassador in remeÌ„brance of speech which he had vttered to y e sayd ambassador in Granado repeting the same in substance as followeth that the Kyng his maister hadde done naughtily in not keping his faith which he had of him acording to the treatie of Madril and if the K. wold say the contrary I wil said the Emperor maintein the quarel with my bodie against his and these bee the same wordes that I spake to y e king your master in Madril that I wold hold him for 〈◊〉 and naughtys maÌ„ if 〈◊〉 the faith whichâ—… 〈…〉 Then after the said 〈◊〉 had him â—…che 〈◊〉 at 〈◊〉 his enâ—…â—…nde 〈◊〉 waâ—… of 〈◊〉 be 〈◊〉 that ever wherof â—…e haue heard 〈…〉 〈◊〉 becontinued his â—…ale in declaring what order 〈◊〉 obserued 〈…〉 the emâ—… to the 〈◊〉 at without all shifting delâ—… so as if the Herald now come froÌ„ the Emperor world vse our 〈◊〉 than 〈◊〉 deliuer him â—…tike writing for 〈◊〉 â—…tie of the field not obserue the contents of his safe conduct he â—…nt and to giue him all 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 vpon 〈…〉 called to come in and declare his messages who apparelled in his 〈◊〉 of armes made his aparraÌ„ts before the king them sitting accompanied as 〈◊〉 haue heard vnto where the King sayde Herauld doâ—… thou bring the 〈◊〉 of the field suche one as thy master being be assaylaÌ„t ought to deliuer vnto the defendaÌ„t being so 〈◊〉 a personage is Iâ—… The Heraulde there vnto said Sir may it please you to giue mâ—… to do â—…ne
the same season suche sore weather stormes and rigorous windes continuing for the more part at North and Northwest that the King stayed at Calais for a conuenient winde The king re◅eth into Englande till Tewsday the thirtenth of Nouember at midnight and then taking his Ship landed at Douer the nexte daye aboute fiue of the clocke in the morning He marrieth the Lady Anne Bulleigne And herewith vpon his returne hee married priuily the Lady Anne Bulleigne the same day being the fouretenth of Nouember and the feast day of Saint Erkenwald which marriage was kept so secrete that very few knewe it till Easter next ensuing whē it was perceiued that she was with childe When the King should passe ouer the sea he considered that the Scottes woulde happely attempt somewhat to the preiudice of his subiectes in his absence which sticked not he being within the Realme to robbe both by sea and land wherfore to resist their malice he appointed sir Arthur Darcy with three hundred mē to goe vnto Berwike to defend the borders from inuasions of the Scottes the whiche shortly after by the middle marches entred the Realme and came to a place called Fowbery and fyering certaine villages in their way returned The Earle of Angus as then was at Berwike as a banished man and the saide Sir Arthur determined to reuenge this displeasure and therevpon with four hundred men made a roade into Scotland and set a village on fire Then immediately assembled togither eight hundred Scottes and began to approch neere to the English menne who perceyuing them caused their Trumpette to blowe the retreat and the Earle and twentie with him shewed hym selfe on an hyll euen in the face of the Scottes and the Trumpette blewe at theyr backes so that the Scottes thought that there hadde bin two companyes whyche caused the Scottes to flee Scots discomfited by the Englishemen and the Englishmenne followed and slewe a greate number of them and tooke many of them prisoners 1533 Sir Thomas Audley Lord Chancellor After Christmas Sir Thomas Audeley Lord keeper of the greate seale was made hygh Chancelloure of England And when the Parliamente began bycause the office of the speaker was voyde Humfrey Wingfielde of Greis Inne was chosen speaker In this Parliamente was an acte made that no person shoulde appeale for anye cause out of this Realme to the Courte of Rome but from the commissarie to the Byshop and from the Byshoppe to the Archebyshoppe and from the Archbyshoppe to the Kyng and all causes of the King to bee tryed in the vpper house of the conuocation It was also enacted the same tyme Queene Katherine to be named Princesse Dowager that Queene Katherine shoulde no more bee called Queene but Princes Dowager as the widow of Prince Arthur In the season of the last Sommer dyed William Warham Archebyshoppe of Caunterburie and then was named to that sea Thomas Cranmer the Kings Chaplayne a man of good learning and of a vertuous life whiche lately before hadde bin Ambassador from the King to the Pope After that the King perceyued his newe wife to be with childe he caused all officers necessary to be appointed to hir Queene Anne and so on Easter euen she went to hir closet openly as Queene and then the King appoynted the day of hir coronation to be kept on Whitsonday nexte following writings were sente to all Sheriffes to certifie the names of men of fortie pound to receiue the order of knighthood or else to make fine The assisement of the fine was appointed to Thomas Cromwell maister of the kings iewel house and counsellor to the Kyng and newly receiued into hygh fauour He so vsed the matter that a great summe of money was reysed to the Kings vse by those fynes The matter of the Queenes appeale wherevnto she still sticked and by no meanes could be remoued from it was communed of both in the Parliamente house and also in the conuocation house where it was so handled that many were of opinion that not only hir appeale but also all other appeales made to Rome were voyde and of none effect for that in auncient counselles it had bin determined that a cause rising in one prouince should be determined in the same An. reg 25. This matter was opened with all the circumstance to the Lady Katherin Dowager for so was she then called the which persisted still in hir former opinion and woulde reuoke by no meanes hir appeale to y e Couet of Rome wherevpon the Archbyshop of Caunterbury accompanyed with the Byshops of London Winchester Bathe Lincolne and diuers other learned men in great number rode to Dunstable which is sixe mile from Ampthill where the Princes Dowager lay and there by one Doctor Lee she was ascited to appeare before the sayde Archbyshop in cause of Matrimony in the sayde towne of Dunstable and at the day of appearance shee appeared not The Lady Katherine Dowager called peremptoryly but made default and so shee was called peremptorie euery daye fifteene dayes togither and at the last for lacke of appearance by the assent of all the learned men there present she was diuorsed from the King and the mariage declared to be voyde and of none effect Of this diuorse and of the Kinges mariage with the Lady Anne Bulleine menne spake dyuersly some sayd the King had done wisely and so as became him to doe in discharge of his conscience Other otherwise iudged and spake theyr fansies as they thoughte good but when euerye man had talked ynough then were they quiet and all rested in good peace In May Pope Clemente sente an orator to the King requiring hym to appeare personally at the generall counsell which he had appoynted to be kept the yere following but when his commission was shewed at the earnest request of the King there was neyther place nor time specified for the keeping of that councell and so with an vncertayne aunswere to an vncertaine demaund he departed but not vnrewarded The King vnderstanding that the Pope the Emperour and the Frenche King should meete at Nice in Iune following Ambassadors to the Frenche King hee appoynted the Duke of Norffolke the Lord Rochfoat brother to Queene Anne sir William Paulet Comptroller of his house Sir Anthony Browne and sir Francis Brian Knightes to goe in ambassade to the French King and both to accompany him to Nice and also to commune with the Pope there concerning his stay in the kyngs diuorse These worthy personages made their prouision readye and so with the number of eyghte score horses they wente to Douer and passing ouer to Calais tooke their way through France to accomplishe their ambassage as they hadde in commaundement The .29 of May being Thurseday Queene Anne was conueyed by water frō Greenewiche to the Tower with all honor that might be deuised and there of the King she was receyued and so lodged there till Saturday on the which daye were made
of our part wee haue our selues caused and as God shall ayde strength vs shall cause oure right and tytle in this behalfe to be published and proclaymed accordingly And albeit this so weyghtie a matter seemeth straunge that the dying of oure sayde brother vppon Thursdaye at night last past wee hitherto had no knoweledge from you thereof yet wee consider youre wisedomes and prudence to be such that hauing estsoones amongst you debated pondered and well weyghed this present case with our estate with your owne estate the Common wealth and all our honours wee shall and maye conceyue great hope and trust with muche assurance in your loyaltie seruice and therefore for the time interprete and take things not to the worst and that ye yet will lyke noble men worke the best Neuerthelesse wee are not ignoraunt of your consultations to vndoe the prouisions made for our preferrement nor of the great bandes and prouisions forcible wherevnto ye be assembled and prepared by whom and to what ende God and you knowe and nature can feare some euill But bee it that some consideration politicke or whatsoeuer thing else hath moued you thereto yet doubt you not my Lordes but wee can take all these your doings in gracious part being also right readie to remitte and fullye pardon the same with that freelye to eschewe bloudshedde and vengeaunce against all those that can or will intende the same trusting also assuredly you will take and accepte this grace and vertue in good part as appertayneth and that wee shall not be inforced to vse this seruice of other oure true subiectes and frendes whiche in this oure iust and rightfull case God in whome oure whole affiaunce is shall sende vs. Wherefore my Lordes we require you and charge you and euerye of you that euerye of you of youre allegiaunce whiche you owe to God and vs and to none other for oure honoure and the suretie of oure Realme onelye employe yourselues and forthwith vpon receypie hereof cause our righte and tytle to the Crowne and gouernemente of thys Realme to bee proclaymed in oure Citie of London and suche other places as to youre wisedomes shall seeme good and as to this case appertayneth not fayling hereof as our verie trust is in you and thus our letter signed with our owne hande shal be your sufficient warrant in this behalfe Yâ—…uen vnder our signe that one manour of Keningall the ix of Iuly 〈◊〉 To this letter of the Ladie Marie the Lordes of the Counsayle answered agayne as followeth Madame wee haue receyued your letters the 〈◊〉 is instant declaring your supposed into â—…don iudge your selfe to haue to the Imperiall Crowne of this Realme and all the Durmuned is thereto belonging For aunswere whereof this is to aduertise you that forasmuch as our Soueraigne Ladie Queene Iane is after the death of our Souereygne Lorde Edwarde the sixth a Prince of most noble memory inuested and possessed with the iust and right tyme nothe Imperiall Crowne of this Realme not only by good order of old ancient good lawes of this Realme but also by our late soueraigne Lordes letters patentes signed with his owne hande and sealed with the great seale of Englande in presence of the moste part of the Nobles Counsaylours Iudges with diuerse other graue and sage personages assenting and subserâ—…bing to the same Wee must therefore as of most bonnde dutie and allegiaunce assent vnto hir sayde Grace and to none other except we shoulde whiche faithfull subiectes cannot fall into grieuous and vnspeakeable enormities wherefore wee can no lesse doe but for the quiet both of the Realme you also to aduertise you that forasmuche as the diuorse made betweene the King of famous memorie King Henrie the eyght and the Ladie Katherine your mother was necessarie to bee had both by the euerlasting lawes of God and also by the Ecclesisticall lawes and by the most parte of the noble and learned Vniuersities of Christendome and confirmed also by the sundrie actes of Parliaments remayning yet in their force and thereby you iustly made illegitimate and vnheritable to the Crowne Imperiall of thys Realme and the Rules Dominions and possessions of the same you wil vpoÌ„ iust consideration herof of diuers other causes lawfull to be alledged for the same and for the iust inheritance of the right lyne and godly orders taken by the late King our Soueraigne Lorde King Edwarde the sixth and agreed vpon by the Nobles and greatest personages aforesayde surcease by any pretence to vexe and molest any of our sonereygne Ladie Queene Iane hir subiects from the true sayth and allegiance due vnto his Grace assuring you that if you will for respecte the way oure selfe quiet and obedient as you ouâ—… you shall finde vs all and seuerall readie to doe you any seruice that we with dutie maye and to be gladde of your quietnesse to preserue the common state of this Realme wherin you may be otherwise grieuous vnto vs to your selfe and to them And thus we byd you most hartilye well to face From the tower of London this ix of Iuly Your Ladyshippes frendes shewing your selfe an obedient subiect Thomas Canterburie The Marques of Winchester Iohn Bedforde Willyam Northampton Thomas Ely Chauncelour Iohn Northumberlande Henrie Suffolke Henrie Arundell Frauncis Shrewesburie Willyam Penbroke Cobham R. Riche Huntington Darcie Cheyney R. Cotton Iohn Gates Willyam Peter Willyam Cecill Iohn Cheeke Iohn Mason Edwarde North. Robert Bowes All these aforesayde except onely the Duke of Northumberlande and sir Iohn Gates were eyther by speciall fauour or speciall or generall pardon discharged for this offence against hir committed after hir comming to bee Queene But nowe vpon the receyt of this aunswere vnderstanding by hir frendes that she coulde not lye in suretie at Kenningall being a place open and easie to bee approched remoued from thence vnto hir Castell of Fremingham standing in a woode countrie and not so easie to be inuaded by hir enimies So soone as the Counsell hearde of hir sodain departure coÌ„sidering that all came not to passe as they supposed They caused speedily a power of men to be gathered togither And first they agreed that the Duke of Suffolke father to the newe made Quene should haue the conduction and leading of the armie But afterwardes vppon further considerations it was deuised that the Duke of Northumberlande shoulde haue the charge of this greate enterprise whiche Duke hauing Commission from the whole counsaile and his warrant vnder the brode seale of England The Duke of Northumberlande sent against the Ladie Marie without mistrust of that which after fortuned tooke in hande that vnhappie voyage to his owne destruction as in the hystorie of Queene Marie shall appeare so that setting apart the feare of all perils whiche in other lesse cases he neuer vsed when all things were in a readinesse he being accompanied with no small number of Lordes and Gentlemen set forwarde on his iourney hauing notwithstanding hys times prescribed
Almayne In the vij yeare of Henrie the seconde of that name king of Fraunce and in the xj of Marie Queene of Scotlande The Duke of Northumberland arrested The xx of Iuly the Duke of Northumberlande being come backe vnto Cambridge beard that the Proclamation of Queene Marie was come thither whereof he being aduertised called for a trumpetter and an Heralt but none could be founde Wherevpon he ryding into the market place with the Maior and the Lorde Marques of Northampton made the Proclamation himselfe and threwe vp his cappe in token of ioy The Lorde Marques after this wente to Queene Marie but the Duke for that he was appoynted generall of the armie in the quarrell of the Ladie Iane of Suffolke was by the Maior of Cambridge and a Sergeaunt at armes arrested of treason and the xxv day of the sayde Moneth he with Frauncis Earle of Huntington Iohn Earle of Warwicke sonne and heire to the sayde Duke and two other of his yonger sonnes the Lorde Ambrose and the Lorde Henrie Dudley Sir Andrewe Dudley Sir Iohn Gates Captaine of the Garde to king Edwarde the sixth sir Henrie Gates brethren Sir Thomas Palmer Knightes and Doctor Sandes were brought to the tower by the earle of Arundell But as they entered within the tower gate the Earle of Arundell discharged the Lord Hastings taking him out of the tower with him The xxvj of Iulye the Lorde Marques of Northampton the Bishop of London the L. Robert Dudley and Sir Robert Corbet were brought from the Queenes Campe vnto the Tower The xxviij of Iuly the Duke of Suffolke was committed to the tower but the xxj of the same Moneth he was set at libertie by the diligent suite of the Ladie Frauncis grace his wife After that Queene Marie was thus with full consent of the Nobles and Commons of the Realme proclaymed Queene shee being then in Norffolke at hir Castell of Framingham Queene Marie commeth to London repayred with all speede to the Citie of London and the thirde day of the sayd moneth of August she came to the sayde citie and so to the tower where the Ladie Iane of Suffolke late afore proclaymed Queene with hir husbande the Lorde Guilforde a little before hir comming were comitted towarde and there remained almost after fiue monethes And by the waye as the Queene thus passed she was ioyfully saluted of all the people without anye misliking sauing that it was much feared of manye that she woulde alter the religion set forth by King Edwarde hir brother whereof then were giuen iust occasions bicause notwithstanding diuers lawes made to the contrarie shee had daylye Masse and Latine seruice sayde before hir in the Tower At hir entrie into the Tower there were presented to hir certaine prisoners Prisoners discharged namely Thomas Duke of Norffolke who in the last yeare of king Henrie the eyght as you haue hearde was supposed to be attainted of treason but in the Parliament holden in this first yeare of Queene Marie the sayde supposed attaindour was by the authoritie and acte of Parliament for good and apparaunt causes alledged in the sayde acte declared to be vtterlye frustrate and voyde Also Edwarde Courtney sonne and heyre of Henrie Marques of Exceter cosin germaine to king Henrie the eyght and Cuthbert Tunstall Bishop of Durham with other persons of great calling but especiallye Stephen Gardiner bishop of Winchester whome she not onely released of imprisonment Stephen Gardiner made L. Chancelor but also immediately aduaunced and preferred to bee Lorde Chauncelor of Englande restoring him also to his former estate and Bishopricke and remoued from the same one Doctor Poynet who a little before was placed therein by the gifte of King Edward the sixth And touching Edwarde Courtney she not aduaunced him to the Earledome of Deuonshire Edward Courtâ—…y created Earle of Deuonshire but also to so muche of his fathers possessions as there remayned in hir hands whereby it was then thought of many that she bare affection to him by way of mariage but it came not so to passe for what cause I am not able to giue any reason but surely the subiectes of Englande were most desirous thereof Vpon the receyuing of this newe Queene all the Bishops which had bene depriued in the time of King Edwarde the sixth hir brother for the cause of religion were nowe againe restored to their Bishoprickes and such other as were placed in King Edwarde his time remoued from their seates and other of contrarie religion placed Amongst whome Edmonde Bonner Doctor of the lawes late afore depriued from the sea of London and committed prisoner to the Marshalsee by order of King Edwards Counsayle was with all fauour restored to his libertie and Bishopricke maister Nicholas Ridley Doctor in Diuinitie late before aduaunced to the same sea by the saide King was hastily displaced and committed prisoner to the tower of London The cause why such extremitie was vsed towardes the sayde Bishop Ridley more than to the rest was for that in the time of Ladie Iane he preached a sermon at Paules crosse by the commaundement of King Edwardes Counsayle wherein he dissuaded the people for sundrie causes from receyuing the Ladie Marie as Queene The xiij of August Doctor Bonner restored nowe to his Bishopricke againe appointed one late a chaplaine of his called Doctor Borne Doctor Borne to preach at Paules crosse who was then promoted to the Queenes seruice and not long afterwarde was made Bishop of Bathe the sayde Doctor taking occasion of the Gospell of that day spake somewhat largely in the iustifying of Bishop Bonner being present at the Sermon whiche Bishop as the sayde Preacher then openly sayde for a Sermon made vpon the same Text and in the same place the same day foure yeares afore passed was most vniustly cast into the vile dungeon of the Marshalsee among theenes and there kept during the time of king Edwardes reigne This matter being set forth with great vehemencie so muche offended the eares of part of the audience that they brake silence and began to murmure and throng togither in such sort as the Maior and Aldermen with other of the wiser sort then present feared muche an vprore A dagger throwne at the preacher During which muttering one more feruent than his fellowes threwe a dagger at the Preacher but who it was came not to knowledge by reason of which outrage the Preacher withdrewe himselfe from the Pulpil and one maister Bradforde at the request of the Preachers brother and others standing there tooke the place and spake so mildely to the people that with fewe wordes he appeased their furie and after the sayde maister Bradforde and maister Rogers although men of contrarie religion conueyed the sayd Preacher into Paules schole and there left him in safetie The next Sundaye following for feare of a like tumult or worse order was taken that the Queenes garde shoulde be present in the place to defende the Preacher with weapons
was shot such a peale of artillerie off from the tower as had not bene hearde a greater in many yeares before In September the Duke of Norffolke departed this life at Fremingham castell in Norfolke and there was honourably buried among his ancestors Vpon Friday the xxvj of October those honest men that had bene of maister Throckmor quest being in number eyght for the other foure were deliuered oute of prison for that they submitted themselues and saide they had offended like weaklings not considering truth to be truth but of force for feare said so these eyght men I say whereof master Emanuell Lucar and master Whetstone were chiefe were called before the Counsell in the starre Chamber where they affirmed that they had done all things in that matter according to their knowledge and with good consciences euen as they should aunswere before God at the day of iudgemeÌ„t Where master Lucar said openly before all the Lordes that they had done in the matter like honest men and true and faithfull subiectes and therefore they humbly besought my L. Chancelor and the other Lords to be meanes to the King Quenes maiesties that they might be discharged and set at libertie and said that they were all contented to submit themselues to their Maiesties sauing reseruing their truth consciences honesties The Lords taking their words in marueylous euill part iudged them worthie to paye exclusiue 〈◊〉 Some sayde they were worthie to pay M. lb a peece Other sayde that Lucar and Whetstone were worthie to pay a M. markes a peece and the rest v. C. lb a peece In conclusion sentence was giuen by the L. Chauncelour that they should pay a M. markes a pece he that payde least and that they should go to prison againe and there remaine till further order were taken for their punishment The xxx of October being Tuesdaye The Lorde Iohn Grey see at libertie the L. Iohn Grey was deliuered out of the tower and set at libertie Vppon Saterdaye the x. of Nouember the Sherifes of London had commaundement to take an inuentorie of euery one of their goodes whiche were of maister Throckmortons quest and to seale vppe their doores which was done the same daye Maister Whetstone and maister Lucar and maister Kighley were adiudged to paye two thousand pounds a peece the rest a M. markes a peece to be paid within one fortnight after From this paymente were exempted those foure which confessed a fault M. Foxe and therevpon had submitted themselues whose names are these master Loe master Pointer master Beswicke and master Cater The xij of Nouember being Mondaye the Parliament begaÌ„ at Westminster to the beginning whereof both the King and Queene roade in their Parliament roabes hauing two swords borne before them The Earle of Pembroke bare his sworde and the Earle of Westmerland bare the Queenes They had two Cappes of maintenance likewise borne before them wherof the Earle of AruÌ„dell bare the one and the Earle of Shrewesburie the other During this Parliament Cardinall Poole landed at Douer vppon Wednesday being the xxj of Nouember who being receyued with muche honour in all other countries through which he had passed was receyued here at the first with no great shewe for the causes aboue mentioned The same daye on the whiche he arriued an acte passed in the Parliament house for his restitution in blud vtterly repealing as false and most slaunderous y e acte made against him in K. HeÌ„rie y e viij his time And on the next day being Thursday the xxij of Nouember the King and Queene both came to the Parliament house to giue their royall assent â–ª and to establishe this acte against his comming On Saterday the xxiiij of Nouember he came to the Court and after went to Lambeth where his lodging was prepared On Wednesdaye following in the afternoone he came into the Parliament house being at that present kept in the great Chamber of the Courte of Whyte hall for that the Queene by reason of sickenesse was not able to go abroade where the King and Queene sitting vnder the clothe of estate and the Cardinall sitting on the right hande with all the other estates of the Realme being present and the Knightes and Burgesses of the Common house being also called thither the Bishoppe of Winchester being Lorde Chauncellour spake in this maner The wordes of the bishop of Winchester My Lordes of the vpper house and you my maisters of the nether house here is present the right reuerende Father in God my Lorde Cardinall Poole Legate à Latere come from the Apostolike sea of Rome as ambassadour to the King and Queenes Maiesties vppon one of the weyghtiest causes that euer happened in this Realme and which appertayneth to the glorie of God and your vniuersall benefite the which ambassade their Maiesties pleasure is to be signified vnto you all by his owne mouth trusting that you will receyue and accept it in as beneuolent and thankfull wise as their Highnesse haue done and that you wyll giue attentiue and inclinable eares vnto hys Grace who is nowe readye to declare the same So soone as the Lord Chancelor had ended his tale Grafton the Cardinall began made a long and solemne oration the which for shortnesse sake I haue collected into these fewe articles The effect of the Cardinals oration First hee yeelded moste heartie thankes to the King and Quene and next vnto the whole Parliament that of a man exiled and banished from this Common weale they had restored him agayne to bee a member of the same and to the honour of his house and familie and of a man hauing no place neyther here nor else where within the Realme to haue admitted him into a place where to speake and to bee hearde Secondly that his especiall comming was for the restitution of this Realme to the auncicient estate and to declare that the sea Apostolike hath a speciall care of this Realme aboue all other and chieflye for that this Islande first of all other prouinces of Europe receiued the light of Christes religion from the sea of Rome Thirdlye hee exhorted that thoughe the realme had swarued from the catholike vnitie y t yet being better informed we ought to returne into the bosome of the Churche moste open to receyue all penitents For the persuasion wherof he brought a number of olde examples what perill and hurte hath happened vnto them that haue swarued and gone from the Churche of Rome namely Greece and Germanie Fourthlye howe muche wee are bounde to God for the King and Queenes Maiesties and howe miraculouslye God had saued and defended our Queene from hiâ—… enimies in most daungerous times and also that hee hath prouided to ioyne with hir in mariage â–ª such a noble Prince as King Philip was and one of his owne religion Fiftly he exhorted them all to obedience of these two Princes and to call vppon God for issue to be had betweene them
sold for what will most be giuen 320.112 Spiritualtie fleeced both in England and Fraunce to mainteyne the warres 522.16 Spencer Edwarde Lorde dyeth 996.6 b Sporta daughter to Hubert Erle of Senlis maried to William Long espee 288.113 Soke of Kirkton in Lindsey confirmed too Mathew Erle of Bollongne 427.15 Sophronius putriarke of Ierusalem cited 53.27 Somerset George knight his prowes 1591.46 Southrey brought vnder subiection of the westsaxons 203.64 Souldiours arriue at Douer to ayde King Iohn 592.76 Sommerton besieged and wonne 189.56 Sorcerie pa. 1268. co 2. li. 6 Southwarke nighe London 271.105 Somerset shire wasted by the Danes 252.9 Southamton why so called 51.9 Spirituall persons not to meddle with temporall functions 340.55 Springs and Iron dishes appoynted for trauaylers 162.94 Spencer Hugh Earle of Gloucester executed 881 10. a. Spencer Lord created erle of Gloucester 1097.30 b Spencer Hugh father and sonne 852.8 a Sparcianus cited 78.9 Spiritualtie restrayned 717.3 Spaine inuaded by barbarous nations 98.62 Sparatinum taken by Brute and his power 11.50 Spot Thomas cited and what time he liued 293. 47. Spalding towne giuen too the sea of Lincolne 349. 98. Spiritualtie accused of all kinde of dissolutenesse 402.30 Spencer Hugh Lord chief Iustice of England 759. 35. he is discharged of his office 759.60 Spiritualitie mislyketh of Henrie the thirde for diuerse causes 747.8 Sparatinum a towne in Grece 11.28 Sparatinum besieged by Pandrasus 11.63 Spanish fleete vanquished by King Edwarde the thirde 945.30 b Spencers banishment reuoked 862.34 a. theyr iudgement reuersed by Parliament 868.50 b Spencer Iohn Knight made Lorde chiefe Iustice and keeper of the Tower 763.69 Stafford Edwarde Duke of Buckingham chiefe chalenger in the Iustes 1476.26 Stafforde Humfrey fleeth intoo the Sanctuarie at Colneham 20. taken oute from thence and executed ibid. Stafforde Thomas pardoned 1428.30 Stephen entreth into scotlande with an army burning and destroyng the south parts of the realm 368.47 Statutes of Eltham 1536 37. Straunge sightes in the ayre 632.32 Straungers preferred in office before Englishmen 642.44 Stormes and rage of windes stirred by the malice of witches and wicked spirites 119.68 Stafforde Humfrey and Stafford Thomas brothers depart out of the sanctuary at Colchester and made a rebellion in worcestershire 1427.12 Stafford Humfrey attainted 1425.48 Stafford Edward Duke of Buckingham his costly gowne all of goldsmithes worke 1465.15 is pardoned and released 1466.36 Stafforde Henrie Lorde brother too the Duke of Buckingham committed to the Tower 1464.18 Stafford Edwarde Duke of Buckingham offended with the enteruiew betweene the Englishe and French kings 170◅ 20. stou◅acketh and speaketh reprochfull wordes by the Cardinall 1508. ead 32. is endited of treason and his indirement 1501.33 is condemned and beheaded 1516.22 Stewarde Mathew Erle of Lennox goeth intoo scotlande 1846.18 Stafford Thomas taketh the Castell of Skarborough 1767.2 is taken prisoner executed ibid. Stanhop Michael knight committed to the tower 1709.30 is beheaded 1712.6 Stewarde Henrie Lorde Darley maryeth Mary the Queene of scottes 1835.20 is murthered 1837. Stanley Edward knight of the Garter and Earle of Darby dyeth 1864. 44. his commendations ibid. Stratforde Iohn made Archbishop of Canterburie 896.32 b. writeth to the king 913.40 a refuseth too come too the Court. 913.30 b. dieth 943.50 b. Sturton Lord hanged for murther 1766.20 Strangbow Richard erle of Struguile alias Chepstow sent for to be gouernour of the English men in Irelande 418.70 Strangbowe Rycharde through rebellion and riot forfeyteth his lands and runneth intoo debt 418.76 Strangbow Richarde taketh the sea and arryueth in Ireland 418.96 Strangbow Richard maried to the King of Irelandes daughter 419.13 Strangbow Richard confined the realme and his landes forfeyted too the king 419.19 Strangbow Richard pardoned restored and ordeyned high stewarde of Ireland 419.31 Stephen leadeth forth an army into the North against the scots 366.71 Stephen sicke of Litargy and recouereth 367.30 Stephen saileth into Normandie with a great armye agaynste Geffrey Plantagenet Earle of Aniou 367.96 Stephen maketh agreement with hys brother Theobald erle of Blois and with Geffray Plantagenet Earle of Aniou for yearly pēsiōs 367.111 Strabo cited 4.7 and. 47. 17. Storme of hayle verye straunge 735.73 Starres falling straungely from heauen 705.50 Stanley William knight beheaded 1444.4 Streaneshall nowe called whithy 179. ◅1 Streaneshall Monasterie buylded 17◅ 82 Statutes of westminster 1. fol 786.30 a Statutes of Gloucester fol. 788.27 b. Statute of Mortmaine 789.28 a. Statutes of westminster 2.795.2 b. Statute made by the scots in fauour of Englande 899.56 b. Statute of apparell 900. 16. b. Strawe Iacke executed 1032.46 b. Storie Iohn Doctor executed 1858.54 Strayte dealings with the welshmen causeth them to rebell 744.30 Stephen entreth into Lincolne with his crowne on his head 881.71 Stephen and all his dominions interdyted by Theobalde Archbishop of Canterburie 482.112 Stanhope parke 890.57 a Striuelin Castell builded 899.16 b. Statute agaynst transporting of wolles 900.40 b Storme of weather 966.44 a. Straw Iack alias Iohn Tiler captaine of rebels 1024.40 b. Statute of Premunire part repelled 1722.37 Stirpiney Castell burnt 385.39 Stephen leadeth an armye into Scotlande and wasteth the countrey 371.37 Stephen taken prisoner and kept at Bristow and his armie ouerthrowne 376.8 Stephen commaunded too bee kept loaden with Irons 377.37 Stephen exchaunged prisoner for Robert Erle of Gloucester 378.15 Stephen beginneth too incline his minde too peace 389.8 Stephen goeth too Douer to meete with the Earle of Flaunders 393.70 Stephen departeth thys life 393.78 Stephen stature and qualities 394.10 Stuffe and wightgar arriue at Certicestshore ouerthrow the Britains 130.44 Straunge sightes seene aboute the newe Moone 451.99 Strife amongest the English subiectes on the other side of the sea concerning king Iohn and Arthur of Britaine 542. 36. Straungers put out of office and Englishmen rereceyued againe 645.10 Straunge sightes seene in the North. 648 50 Stephen and Duke Fitzempresse fall to an agreement 387.77 and. 389.27 Stone Abbey buylded 277 31. Stamford towne taken by Henrie Fitzempresse 388.11 Stamford Castell besieged by Henrie Fitzempresse 388.13 Strowde men in Kent reprochfully cut off Archbishop Thomas Becket his horse tayle 415.56 Stuteuile William hath charge of Northumberland and Cumberlande 546.9 Straungers commaunded to depart out of the realm 395.57 Stephen Earle of Bullongne comming into Englande taketh vpon him the gouernment of the Realme 36◅ 8 Stigande succeedeth Robert in the Archbishoprike of Canterburie 274 53. Stigande an intruder of himselfe into Bishoprikes 274.54 Stigande infamed for simonie and vnlearned 274.61 Stafforde Edward Duke of Buckingham a prince of great towardlinesse leuyeth power agaynste Perkin Warbecke 1450. 10. Stephen Earle of Bloys marieth Adila sister too king Henry the first 354 112. Stephen Earle of Morton made Earle of Bollongne 360.22 Stephen Earle of Bollongne taketh an othe to be true subiect to Maud the Empresse 360.25 Staffordshire wasted by rebels 339.73 Stigande a lewde person and a naughtie liuer 291 85. Stanley Humfrey knight 1447.4 Stephen waxeth cruell towardes them that
answer by writyng and herewith Guyenne makyng iij. obeisances saide sir I will gladly doe it Then saide the Emperor Tell the King your maister further that I beleeue that he hathe not bene aduertised of that whyche I tolde to hys Ambassador in Granado which toucheth him neare for I holde him in suche a case so noble a Prince that if he had vnderstood the same he woulde haue made me an answere he shall do well to know it of his Ambassador for by that he shall vnderstande that I haue kepte better faith to him in that I haue promised at Madril than he to me and I pray you so tell hym and faile not hereof Guienne answered without doubt sir I will do it and so making his obeysance he departed The Emperor appointed Iohn◅ Alemāt the barō of Bouchans to see that no displeasure nor euill speache were vsed to the said kings of armes but that they shuld bee well vsed whiche was done to their good contentation After this the .xxvij. of Ianuary the saide kings of armes came to the saide lord of Bouclaus who by the emperors apointment deliuered an answer vnto eyther of them in writyng accordingly as the Emperor hadde promised the copies whereof are sette forth at large in the Annales of Aquitaine for breefnesse heere omitted To conclude the French king tooke such displeasure with the Emperors answers made vnto his king of arms Guyēne wherby he was chardged to do otherwise than by his faithe giuē he ought to haue done that the .xxviij. day of Marche being in the citie of Paris accompanyed wyth a greate number of the princes of his bloude Cardinalles and other Prelats and nobles of his realme and also the Ambassadors of diuers princes and Potentates he called before hym Nicholas Perenot lorde of Granuelle vnto whom he said in effect as followeth My Lorde Ambassadors it hathe greeued me and dothe greeue me that I haue bin cōstrained to handle you not so courteously and gratiously as for the good and honorable behauiour which you haue shewed in dooing your duty being here with me you haue deserued at my hands sith I must needes say ye haue acquite yourselfe in euery behalfe aswell to the honor of your mayster as good contentatiō of eche man else so that I am assured y e fault resteth not in you why thynges haue not come to better and purpose than they haue done for the good zeale and affection whiche I haue euer proued in you to the aduaūcement of peace and quietyng of things wherein I doubte not but you haue done your duetie to the full but being enformed what your master the elect Emperor against all ◅ght and law aswell diuine as humain had cōmaunded to be done vnto my Ambassadors and likewise to the other of the league remayning wyth hym for the furtheraunce of things towards a peace and cōtrary to all good customes which hitherto haue bin obserued betwixt princes not only Christians but also Infidels me thought I coulde not otherwise doe for the behoof of my owne Ambassadors arested and against reason kept in warde but to do the same to you althoughe I had no minde to vse you euill for the reasons aboue said for y e which for y e duty you haue shewed in doing that appertained I assure you my lorde Ambassador that beside that I doubt not but your maister will recompence you for the same yee may be assured that wher particularly in any thing I may pleasure you I wil do it with as good a will as you can require me And to make answer to that whiche your Maister by worde of mouth hath said vnto Guyenne and Clarenceaux kings of arms of the king my good brother and perpetuall and best allie and of me vpō the intimation of the warre whiche hath bin made by vs consisting in viij points I will that ech one vnderstande it First as to y t which he saith be meruaileth of that he hauyng mee a prisoner by iuste warre hauing also my faith I shulde defie hym that in reason I neyther may nor ought to do it I answer therto that if I were his prisoner here that hee hadde my faith he had spoken true but I knowe not that the Emperor hath euer at any time had my faithe y t may in any wise auaile him for first in what warde soeuer I haue bene I know not that I haue either seene him or encountred with him whē I was prisoner garded with .iiij. or .v. C. harquebusiers sick in my bedde and in danger of death it was an easy matter to cōstreine me but not very honorable to him that shuld do it and after that I returned into Frāce I knowe not any that hath had power to compell me to it and to do it willingly without cōstraint it is a thing whiche I way more than so lightly to bind my selfe therto And bicause I will not that my honor come in disputation althoughe I know well that euery manne of warre knoweth sufficiently that a prisoner garded is not bound to any faith nor can bind himself therto in any thing I do neuerthelesse sende to your Mayster this writing signed with mine owne hande the which my lord Ambassador I pray you reade and afterwards to promyse mee to deliuer it vnto your maister and not to any other and herewith the king caused it to be deliuered to the said Ambassador by Maister Iohn Roberter one of the Secretaries of the estate of his chamber The Ambassador tooke y e writing in his hande and after excused himselfe to y e king saying y e as to him by the letter whiche his maister and souerain lorde had written vnto him now lastly his commission was already expired that he had no further commaundement nor instructions from his maiestie but to take leaue of the king wyth as muche speed as he might to returne home whych he most hūbly besought him to permit him to do wythout further charge or commission althoughe he knew that hee was at hys commaundement that he might at his pleasure constraine him as seemed to him good Herevnto the king answered my lord Ambassador sith you will not take vpon you to reade this writing I will cause it to be re◅ in this company to the end that euery one may vnderstand and know that I am cleered in that whereof against truthe hee goeth about to accuse me and if you afterwardes will not beare it and deliuer it to him I will send one of my heraults there presēt to go in company with you for whom you shal procure a good auailable safeconduct that he may passe vnto your maister present vnto him the same writing protesting and demaundyng that an acte may be registred before this company that if he will not that it shuld come to his knowledge that I am discharged in that I do my best to cause him to vnderstande it accordinglye as I ought to do
in suche sorte as hee can not pretende cause of ignoraunce After he had made an end of these words he called to him the said Robertet and with loud voice he commanded him to reade the said writing which was done worde for worde in maner as followeth WE Frauncis by the grace of God king of Fraunce Lorde of Genes c. to you Charles by the same grace chosen Emperor of Rome King of Spaine we do you to wit that being aduertised that in al the answers that you haue made to our Ambassadors and heraults sent to you for the establishing of peace in excusing your self w tout al reason you haue accused vs saying y t wee haue might you our faith and that therevpon besides our promise we departed out of your hands power In defence of our honor whiche hereby might be burthened to muche againste all truthe wee thought good to send you this writing by whiche we giue you to vnderstand that notwithstanding that no man being in ward is bound to keepe faith that the same might be a sufficient excuse for vs yet for the satiffiyng of all men and our said honor which we mynde to keepe and will keepe if it please God vnto the death that if ye haue charged or will chardge vs not only with our said faith deliueraūce but that euer wee did anye thyng that became not a Gentleman that had respect to his honor that yee lye falsly in your throte and as ofte as yee say it ye lye and do determine to defende our honor to the vttermost drop of our bloude Wherefore seeing ye haue charged vs agaynst all truth write no more to vs hereafter but appoint vs the fielde and wee will bring you the weapons protesting that if after thys declaration ye write into any place or vse any words against our honor that the shame of the delay of the combate shall light on you seeing that y e offering of combat is the ende of all writyng Made at our good Town and Citie of Paris the ◅8 daye of Marche Anno. 1528. before Easter Thus signed Frauncis After that Robertet had redde this writing there in presence of the Emperors Ambassador the king made further replie vnto the poynts conteyned in the Emperors answers to the defiance and withall to conclude tolde the said Ambassador that his maister the Emperor had constreined him by such message as he had sent to him to make y e answer in truth which he had made and further willed him to deliuer vnto y e Emperor y t writing which he had signed with his hand and to say to him that hee tooke him for so honorable a prince that cōsidering y e matter wherewith he chardged him the answere that he made he wold not faile but to answer him like a Gentleman and not by writing like an aduocate for if he otherwise do said the K. I will answer his Chaūcellor by an aduocate and a man of his estate and a more honest man than he Shortly after the Emperors Ambassadors returned home into Spaine in safetie and well entreated and vpō their returne the Ambassadors of France were set at libertie deliuered beyōd Fonterabie so came safely home into Frāce a French herault appointed to accōpanie the Ambassador Grandeuell brought the writing of the combat vnto the Emperor bicause Granduelle refused to medle with it to the which the Emperor v. months after or therabouts sent an answer by one of his Heraulds who being ariued at Paris mēt vpon y e sodain to present his letters vnto y e frēch K. but the K. getting intelligēce therof the .x. of September sitting w tin his great hall of his palace at Paris aforsaid before y e table of marble in a royal seat adressed set vp for him ◅ steps in heigth appointed to giue audiēce to y e said herald On his right hand sat in chaires y e K. of Nauarre the duke of Alanson Berry the erle of Foire Arminack on y e same side sat also vpon a bēch the D. of Vandosme a pere of Frāce lieutenāt general gouernor of Picardie Don Hercules d'Este eldest son to y e duke of Ferrare duke of Chartres Montarges who lately before had maried y e lady Renee a daughter of Frāce the D. of Albanie regent gouernor of Scotlād the duke of Longueuille great chamberlain of France nere to thē vpon an other bench sat y e presidents coūsellors of y e court of Parliamēt behind them many gentlemē doctors lerned men on the left hand wer set in chaires prepared for thē the Cardinal Saluarie y e Popes ◅gate the Cardinal of Bourbō duke of Laon a peere of Frāce the Cardinall of Sens Chancellour of France the Cardinal of Lorrain the Archb. of Narbōne y e ambassadors of y e kings of England Scotlād of the seigniorie of Venice of Milan of the cantons of y e Suysses of Florēce on an other bench sat y e bish of Trāsiluania ambassador for the K. of Hūgarie the Bishop duke of Langres one of the peeres of Frāce the bish erle of Noyon an other of the peeres of Frāce the Archb. of Lyon primate of al France the Archbish of Bourges primate of Aquitain y e archbishops of Aux Rouen y e bishops of Paris Meaux Lizeux Mascon Limoges Vabres Cōserās Terbe behind thē sat the masters of the requests the coūselors of the great counsel On either side the kings seat stode the erle of Beaumont great maister and Marshal of France the L. de Brion admirall of Frāce lieutenāt general gouernor of Burgogne behind y e same seat wer many knights of the order y e is to wit the erle of Laual lieutenant general gouernor of Britayn the lord of Montmorancy y e L. Daubigny captain of on C. launces and of the Scottish garde the erle of Bryenne Ligny Roussy the Lord of Fleuranges marshal of France the L. of Ruffoy the L. of Genoillyac great esquier master of the artillerie of France Loys monsier d'Elenes the L. of Humieres the erle of Carpy behind thē was the Erle of Estāpes prouost of Paris with him many gentlemen of y e kings chāber among the which was the erle of Tancaruille the L. of Guyenne the son of the erle of Roussy the son of the lord of Fleuranges y e L. de la Rochepot the lord Douarty great master of the waters forests y e L. of Lude y e lord of Aauly the L. de Villebonne baily of Rouē the baron of Chastean Morāt y e L. de la Loue the vicoūt de la Mothe an groing the L. of Vertes besides these the masters officers of the houshold gentlemen waiters w t the more part of y e ij C. gentlemen or pensioners as we terme thē At the entrie into the saide throne or tribunall