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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	act_n	king_n	parliament_n	3,554	5	6.8839	4	true

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A70196	A brief chronicle of all the chief actions so fatally falling out in these three kingdoms, viz. England, Scotland & Ireland from the year, 1640, to this present twentieth of November, 1661 : containing the unhappy breaches, sad divisions, the great battels fought, number of men, with the eminent persons of honor and note slain, with several debates and treaties : also, the happy escape by a wonderful delivererance of His Majestie at Worcester, more fully expressed then hitherto : with His Majesties happy return, together with what passages of note hapned to this present November, 1661 : the like exact account hath not as yet been printed.	Heath, James, 1629-1664.; Lee, William, fl. 1627-1665.	1662 (1662)	Wing H1318A; ESTC R19419	54,711	72

set●on foot his Commission of Array which the Parliament likewise inhibit to be obeyed any where but neither of them signified any thing to those that were bent and inclined to each Cause so that the preparations for War both of Men Horse Money and Arms went on very fast especially on the Parliament side at London where all persons of all ages and Sexes contributed so excessively to the furtherance of the War that the sum which it amounted unto is almost incredible This money was borrowed upon the credit of the PVBLICK FAITH a name much adored then and as much contemned and hated now The King finding how the pulse of these distracted Kingdom did beat giving symptomes of some violent disease and distemper approaching redoubled His instances to the Houses for peace adjuring them to prevent that bloodshed now so threatning and imminent and they regest the like entreaties and obtestation● upon him but not bating an ace or receding a tittle from their first Demands so that there was no hopes or likelihood of a Pacification His Majesty therefore having called the Gentry of York together at a Rendezvous protested his unwillingness as well as unprovidedness for a War desiring if he should be thereunto compelled their assistance in the maintenance of His most just Cause and then departed for Lincolnshire to Newark whether he had sent before his Letters Mandatory to my Lord Willoughby of Parham charging him to desist from raising levying opexercising any forces within that County by vertue of his Commission from the Parliament wherein nevertheless he had proceeded Here the King convened the Gentlemen of this County and made to them the like protestations and having received some small Supplies returned back again to York At the same time the Parliament were listing men apace appointed their General and the Superior Officers of the Army At York the King made the Marquess of Hertford Lieutenant General of the Western Counties intending forthwith himself to set upon Hull a place he had designed once to have made a magazine for Ireland to reduce those Rebells which he had often declared to the two Houses but they would by no means consent to it but upon deliberate advice he pass by ●t onely making one attempt near it to shew his just indignation and to satisfie his Honor where ●e lost unhappily some twenty men and marched directly into Nottinghamshire About the beginning of August he came to Nottingham Town and on the tenth of the same Moneth published his Royal Proclamation commanding and enjoyning all his Subjects to the Northward of Trent and twenty miles Southward to Rendezvous at Nottingham the 23. of that instant where he according to the purpose of his Proclamation set up his Standard where appeared 5 or 6000 m●n After a view and Muster of these Royal Volunteers the King proceeded to the nomination of a General who was the Right Honourable the Earl of Lindsey General formerly for the Ro●hil Expedition and the Parliament made Robert Earl of Essex their Captain General the Earl of Bedford General of the Horse Essex about this time departed from London in great state and magnificence The King leaves Nottinghamshire and marched into Staffordshire thence into Leicestershire caressing the Gentry all the way he went so into the Confines of Wales and sate down at last in Shresbury where he much increased his strength whereupon the Earl of Essex was ordered to advance towards the King and hinder his new Leavies having then Commission to rescue the King out of the hands of his evil Councellors He marched therefore from S. Albans into Northampton being strong to the number of 14000 men Portsmouth was now taken by Sir Iohn Merrick having first surprized Southsea Castle and held for the Parliament Co●●o Goring being forced to yield it the Town being commanded by that Castle before the Marquess of Hertford could come to the relief of it being then besieged in Sherburn by the Earl of Bedford Goring according to agreement passing for the present over into France The Earl of Essex advanceth into Worcestershire while the Army staid still at Shrewsbury expecting forces out of Southwales to prevent the conjunction of whom Essex sent a party of horse under the command of Colonel Sands betwixt whom and Prince Rupert and the Lord Byron happened a smart incounter in the lanes neer Worcester City where at first the Parliament Army had the better but Prince Rupert falling in the Rear forced them to leave their design Colonel Sands was desperately wounded his Major Douglass was killed with the loss of threescore men nevertheless Essex hastily advancing the Cavaliers quitted Worcester which was Garrison'd for the Parliament While the Earl of Essex staid here about setling the Militia the King passed directly away from Shrewsbury where he had coyned money out of the Plate freely brought him by the Gentry to London having got the start of Essex who thereupon doubled his hast after him the King therefore resolved to fight him and staid at Keynton whether next morning came the Essexians Sunday the 23 of Octob. being the same day twelvemoneth the Irish Rebellion broke forth both Armies met at the bottom of Edge-hill from which the Kings forces descended to the fight The Earl of Linsey commanded the main body Prince Rupert commanded the right wing the left was commanded by the Lord Wilmot Of the Parliaments side the Earl of Essex commanded the battel Sir Iames Ramsey the left wing of horse and Sir William Balfour and Sir Philip Stapleton the left Prince Rupert suddenly overthrew the left wing of horse under Ramsey but overcharging and following the pursuit too far Essex seeing the Kings foot destitute on that side charged furiously where the General Lindsey fighting with a half pike in his hand afoot was wounded of which he presently died and taken and his Son the Lord Willoughby coming to his rescue was taken with him The Standard-bearer also Sir Edmund Varney so valiantly the Parliamentarians prest upon the Kings foot was killed and the Standard seized but freed again by Sir Iohn Smith who was Knighted under it and it committed to his defence Here was also killed the Noble Lord Aubigney with sundry other inferiour Officers On the Parliaments side were slain the Lord S. Iohn of Bletso who died presently of his wounds being offered in exchange for the Lord Willoughby and Col. Tho. Essex newly come from Worcester The number of the slain on both sides was very neer equal in the whole amounting to neer 5000 men and the victory remained as equal betwixt them the Earl of Essex lodging that night which parted the fray upon the field where they fought and the King ascending the hill from whence he came down that morning keeping great fires all the night The Earl of Essex next day marched towards Coventry and the King by Ayno where his Army refreshed themselves to Banbury which was presently delivered to him and so

to Oxford The King marched from Oxford where by the way to London came Commissioners from the Parliament rendring Propositions and desiring that during the Treaty the Kings Army should march no neerer this way to spin time while Essex could recruit his Army therefore the King advanced from C●lebrook and came to Brainford where part of the Parliaments Army being the Regiments of Col. Hollis Hambden● and the L. Brooks for a while maintained themselves stoutly but being over-power'd some were driven into the river and there drowned and 300 slain and as many taken prisoners This brought a general consternation upon the City of London all shops were shut up and all the Regiments both Trained-Bands and Auxiliary were drawn out so that the Earl of Essex had a most compleat and numerous Army o● a sudden Hereupon the King presently marched away fearing to be incompassed by the Parliamentarians over Kingston-bridge which he broke down to stop the pursuit Essex made after him to Reading and so to Oxford where he took up his Winter quarters The Cities of Winchester and Chichester delivered to the Parliament Marlborough to the King and my Lord Hopton prevailed against the Earl or Stamford several Townes taken for the King in the West others for the Parliament in the North. Cyrencester had been Garrisoned by the Parliament Forces of Glocester being the midway betwixt that City and Oxford upon this place Prince Rupert had a design though his march that way was given out for the regaining of Shudly Castle out of which Col. Massey had smothered the Cavaleirs with wet hay for after he had passed some ten miles beyond Cirencester he suddenly returned back and surprising the Guards within two hours time became Master of the place puting the Earl of Stamfords Regiment to the sword who made a stout opposition taking 1100 prisoners and 8000 Arms and other provisions for war it being newly made a Magazeen From thence the Prince came before Glocester summoned the Town and departed The Lord Brooks and Northampton were in Arms against each other in the Counties of Warwick and Stafford where several small skirmishes had been between them at last in March the Lord Brook came and besieiged Litchfield Close garrisoned by the King and as he was viewing the approaches to it out of a window in the Town a single bullet from the Close shot him in the head through the eye of which he fell down dead nevertheless the siege was continued and the Close delivered to the Parliamentarians In the North the Queen landed at Bridlington Bay with some supplies of money and Arms for the King and with her Lieut. Gen. King she was conveyed to York and afterwards met the King at Edge-hill where the fight had been And so ended this year with the surrender at Malmsbury to the Parliament again and the defeat of the Lord Fairfax who was chief of the Parliaments forces in the North of ' Bramham by the Earls of Newcastle and Cumberland Scarborough delivered to the King by Brown Bushel Anno Domini 1643. PRince Rupert having coasted the Country from Glocester into Wales returned back by Litchfield intending to reduce it again he had not long lain before it but he compelled the Garrison to surrender To the releif hereof Sir Iohn Gell and Sir William ' Brereton having gathered a considerable strength marched these were met by part of Prince Ruperts forces and some under the command of the valiant Earl of Northampton where the said releif was defeated Sir Iohn Gell routed though the victory cost dear through the loss of that brave Earl who refusing quarter was killed by a private Souldier After General Essex had recruited his Army with new supplies the first thing he attempted was the siege of Reding which being manfully defended by Sir Arthur Aston till he received a wound on his head by the falling of a brick-bat and the releif brought by the King himself from Oxford being worsted at Caversham-Bridge after ten days siege was yeilded by Col. Fielding then substituted Governor to the Parliament In the North things went something equaller then before on the Parliaments side Sir Thomas Fairfax had defeated the Kings Forces under the Marquess of Newcastle at Wakefield and hoyed up the sinking interest of that Cause Monmouth likewise was taken by the Parliaments Forces as also Worder Castle but in the West the King prevailed my Lord Hopton commanded there being a valiant and expert Royalist for the Parliament the Earl of Stamford and Colonel Chidleigh these opposite Forces met the 16. of May in Stratton-field where the Parliamets foot stood stifly to the business but the Horse either through treachery or cowardize not seconding or releiving their Foot an entire Victory fell to the Cavaleers some 1500 of the Parliamentarians being slain and taken prisoners but do of great account lost on either side Chidleigh afterwards came over to the King and my Lord Hopton was made for this good service Baron of Stratton Now the Parliament flew high in their Consultations at home the Grandees working upon the sober part of the Parliament that this action of the Queens in bringing over Arms Money and other provisions for the assistance of the King was a dangerous destructive business wound up the anger of the Two Houses to such a pitch that the Queen was proclaimed Traytor and at the same time down went all the Crosses throughout England particularly the third of this moneth Cheapside-cro●s was demolished After this beginning of Reformation the Parliament took the Solemn League and Covenant at Westminster this was first framed in Scotland and was generally taken by them in the year 1639. the main drift of it was against the Episcopal Dignity and was now for the mutual endearment of the two Nations assistance being promised the Parliament from Scotland pressed upon all in England where the Parliaments power was paramount being taken throughout London the fifth of this moneth The Earl of Essex advanceth from Reading to Tame where a general sickness seized upon the Army during their quartering thereabout Prince Rupert fell into part of their quarters but the Essexians taking the Alarum and drawing out the business came to a fight in Chalgrave field where Colonel Hambden was mortally wounded It was observeable that in this place the said Colonel Hambden first listed and trained his men in the beginning of the war The Lord Keeper Littleton having fled with the Great Seal to Oxford according to the Kings Command the Parliament voted a new Great Seal to be made The Parliament to redress their affairs in the West had made Sir William Waller Major General of those Counties and had sent him down with a well-furnished Army to meet the Kings Army under my Lord Hopton who having cleared Devonshire after Strafton fight marched Eastward where in Somersetshire Sir William had taken Taunton and Br●dgewater Both these Armies met at

where he made miserable havock intending utterly to break the spirits of that people who were so surely ingaged to Argyles side Here the Earl of Seaforth followed him with an Army and the Marquess of Aogyle had another of the other side Montross therefore resolved to fight with one first and so tell upon that party under Argyle which he totally ●outed killing 1500 on the place the rest escaped and so the Marquess of Montross bent his way after the other Army which he defeated at Br●●hin being newly put under the command of Colonel Hurry afterwards offers battel to Bayly who had another Army ready to fight him but he waited for advantages whereupon he marches after Hurry who had re●●uited and was pressing the Lord Gourdon having taken Dun ice in his way and at Alderne discomfits him killing ●300 and dispersing the rest He seeks out Baily to whom was joyned the Earl of Lindsey and at Ale●fo●d hills forced them to fight utterly routed them and obtained a remarkable victory but that which lessened the triumph was the death of the Lord Gourdon one that was as the right hand of Montross a very Loyal Right Noble Gentleman being eldest son to the Marquess of Huntl●y After this he comes to S. Iohnstons where he alar●m'd the Parliament there sitting and so into the Lowlands where the Kirk had another Army in readiness under the command of the aforesaid Baily At a place called Kilsith both Armies met and a cruel battel it was but in conclusion success and victory crowned Montrosses head and almost 6000 men were slain in this fight the p●rsuit being eagerly followed for a great way and the Covenanters at first fighting very resolutely but the fortune of Montross still prevailed The Nobility now every where readily assisting him and the Towns and Cities declaring for him so that that Kingdome which afforded men and assistance for the invasion of another Kingdome was not now able to defend it self The Governour so was Montross dignified be●ng seized of all places almost of strength even as far as Edinburgh where some Royal prisoners were delivered him The Estates of Scotland therefore send for Dav●d Leshley while Montross expected forces from the King under the Lord Dighy which staid too long and were afterwards defeated at Sherburn in Yorkshire Upon the arrival of Leshley most of the forces under Montross not dreading an Enemy so soon out of England were departed home so that Leshley finding Montross in a very weak condition at Philips-Haugh fell upon him before he could retreat almost before his Scours could give him intelligence and there routs him He at first resolved to lose his life with the field but being perswaded of better hopes he resolutely charged through and brought the flying remains of his Army safe into the Highlands where he began new Levies but the fortune of the King failing every where he was the next year ordered by the King then in the Scots custody to disband and depart the Kingdom And so we leave him till a more unhappy revolution of time The memory of this man had almost caused an Oblivion of some things done he●e during his great successes for Sir Iohn Hotham and his Son for intending the delivery of Hull which they had so unhandsomely before denied to the King were beheaded as also Sir Alexander Car●w and at last the Right Reverend Arch-Bishop of Canterbury for many pretended crimes of innovation and disaffection in matters of Religion was executed the tenth of Ianuary These mens deaths happened in December and Ianuary 1644. and are therefore here inserted To begin therefore the year 1645. Dennington Castle was the very 25th of March delivered to the Parliament which was counterpoised with a defeat given Col. Massey by Prince Rupert at Lidbury being surprized there and his foot routed his house consisting most of Officers with himself hardly escaped to Glocester At the same time the Army being new modelled Lievtenant General Cromwell was sent by Fairfax to hinder a conjunction of forces at Oxford from Worc●ster which he did defeating the Queens Regiment and afterwards took Blechington House by surrender for which Col. Windbank was shot to death at Oxford Notwithstanding which interruption the King matched from Oxford intending Northward to recover what he had lost there with a very compleat Army and coming to Leicester then garrison'd by Sir Robert Pye for the Parliament after s●mmons refused stormed it and took it the Souldiers for a while plundring the Town which had been the residence of a Parliament Committee from the beginning In the mean while General Fairfax was advanced from London with his new modelled Army and by Order of the Committee of both Kingdomes had besieged Oxford where he had received a notable salley but upon news of the Kings success at Leicester presently raised his siege resolving to fight the King as soon as he could overtake him The King was now in a dispute whether he should march upon his first intendments Northward or staying for some forces out of the West under Colonel Goring march for London When he had notice of Fairfaxes advance after him whom he thought to be taken up at Oxford whereupon by the ill late of things the King was advised not to delay time but even at midnight to dislodge from his quarters whether Fairfax was neerly come and the next morning to seek him out and to give him battel This happened to be at Naseby field on Saturday Iune the 14. where at the first encounter the Kings Army had the best on 't his right wing of horse discomfiting and overthrowing the left wing of the Parliaments under Skippon taking Ireton the Commissary General prisoner but the left wing consisting of Northern horse under Sir Marmaduke Langdale who were clearly for the Kings going Northward● to their own Country to relieve Pomfret Castle made no defence at all The King was very couragious and active in this field but the same over-eagerness of Prince Rupert half lost the day the foot being destitute after some slaughter threw down their A●ms and were taken prisoners to the number of four or five thousand the Kings Coach and in it his Cabinet afterwards most disloyally and dishonestly published to the world with other Letters and papers all his Artillery Arms Ammunition bag and baggage taken himself hardly escaping to Leicester that night and from thence to Ashby de la Zouch After this battel the Kings Cause and Arms visibly declined every where Leicester regained by the Parliament upon surrender while the King made hast towards Wales to the relief of Chester and there to form a new Army but Poyntz Middleton and Brereton rising from their siege met him at Rowton Heath where in the beginning as usual the King had the better but the Parliament being supplyed with fresh forces the King was vanquished there also and the right valiant Lord Bernard Stuart Earl of

the Grandees were that abetted those riotous Assemblies and also had had a hand in the Scorch Troubles whose untoward issue and conclusion lay heavy upon his heart he resolved to seise them in the Parliament-house and so bring them to a speedy Trial. This was attempted by the King but the birds were flown notice being given the House of Common by one Langrish a Servant of the Queens of the Kings coming thither to demand the Five Members But the business ended not so the House vote it a breach of priviledge and complain o● evil Counsellors about the Kings person who not able or willing longer to endure those indignities oftered daily at his Court gates leaves Whitehal and departs from Hampton Court and soon after the Five Members return to their places in the House guarded thither in much bravery by the Trained Bands by water This added fuel to the fire that was now ready to flame nor could another combustion in the sister Kingdom of Ireland which broke forth in October some two moneths before give them caution to look to this at home The manner of the breaking forth and the discovery of that Irish Rebellion was as followeth Anno Domini 1641. ON the 23. day of October 1641. that horrid Rebellion broke forth there that day they intended to seize the Castle of Dublin the Irish being every where else risen and in arms but the design was discovered by one Owen Conally an Irish Gentleman by birth and family but a retainer to Sir Iohn Clotworthy who being acquainted with the plot by one of the Rebells leaping over a set of pales whether he pretended to go and ease himself escaped by the favour of a dark night ran away and informed the Lord Justice Parsons with the whole design Upon this discovery the Lord Mack Gutre and one Mr. Mac Mahon were seised in Dublin the Town though in a most terrible fright was presently put into a posture of defence Advice was sent thorowout the Kingdom of Ireland of the Rebellion but all too late for it was universal and no part of the Kingdom where they were not risen so that a Proclamation against them and all raising of Arms was the best present remedy Notwithstanding the Rebels under the command of Sir Phelim Oneal as General seize all Vlster except the Castle of Eneskelin sparing for a while the Scotch Plantations there but growing so numerous that they dreaded not any supplies from the vicinity of Scotland they at last force them plunder them and garrison the cheil places of strength Sir Phelim Oneale taketh Dundalk and publisheth his Declaration called The Declaration of the Catholique Confederate Subjects of his Majesties Kingdome of Ireland s●uft with many shews of their Religion and Loyalty as could be and which is notable asserting that they did it to remove that Tyranny put upon their consciences in imitation of their fellow-subjects of Scotland who got a priviledge by that course Presently after they besieged Tredah but after several encounters betwixt the besieged their relief being defeated at Gillington-bridge by reason of a mutiny amongst them and the Rebels The Town was at last freed by a strong assistance and supply sent them from Dublin under the command of Sir Henry Titchburn who soon after upon the dislodgement of the Enemy from the Town followed him overtook him and routed him recovering Dundalk again by storm putting all to the sword while Oneale hardly escaped over the river and so fled Leave we this Kingdom in a forlorn miserable condition and cast an eye homeward The King was departed from Hampton Court thence in company with his Queen and his Daughter the Princess of Aurange to Dover to see them shipped for Holland he returned streight to Greenwich from thence having the Prince in his company to Theoballs Still the difference widened more and more according as he removed from London to which he was importunately desired to return by both Houses by the members thereof who continued sitting though the Grandees of the Faction were well contented with what distance he kept from them as rendring their pretended jealousies and fears more and more credible to the deluded people From Thoballs the misundestandings still increasing betwixt the King and his Two Houses he removed Northward first to Royston thence to Newmarket and in conclusion to York having received and answered several messages from the Parliament by the way The principal difference between the King and them was the Militia this was disputed betwixt them the King claiming it as an unseparable right of the Crown and the Houses urging the management of it for present satisfaction and safety and had thereupon nominated Officers which designation the King disallowed and now the rupture was visible Anno Domoni 1642. THe Gentry and the Generality of the County of York proffer to raise a Guard from amongst themselves for the Kings person in the mean time the Parliament desire him that the Magazine might be removed from Hull at which the King being displeased goes from York and demands the said Town stores and Magazines therein to be delivered to him which the Governour Sir Iohn Hotham presenting himself on his knees upon the walls refused to do save that if the King with some small retinue would enter he freely might This affront very much ne●led his Majesty so that he did very sharply complain of it to the Parliament but they rather justified Sir Iohn Hotham then gave the King any satisfaction which made him attempt for his Honour sake something against the Town by force in which enterprise some twenty of the Kings Guards were killed and so he retreated to Beverley where he found a very great addition of Gentlemen from all parts of the Kingdom who with their duty presented him their service In the mean while the Parliament was intent on the business of leavying Arms though several Patriots of both Houses did what they could to perswade to an accommodation amongst whom Sir Benjamin Rudyard was one of the chief who all along warned them of the miseries of a Civil War and what a shame it would be to them in after times and so consequently to all Parliaments if when the King had condescended so far they should proceed to the effusion of blood upon so unnecessary a quarrel he dyed soon after the first blood was drawn and that speech of his on his death-bed is very remarkable Mr. Pym and Mr Hamden saith he the Grandees of the then Faction told me That they thought the King so ●ll-beloved by his Subjects that he could never be able to raise an Army to oppose them which mistake of theirs cost many thousand live Nom the Militia was on foot every where the Parliaments Cause had the precedency of affection their Ordinances being obeyed like Acts wherefore the King prohibited by Proclamation any Levies Musters or of his Subjects any where in England without his command and