the_o question_n wherein_o galen_n be_v interpret_v of_o galens_n philosophy_n it_o be_v true_a that_o he_o acknowledge_v in_o every_o perfect_a organ_n one_o similar_v particle_n which_o be_v the_o principal_a cause_n of_o the_o action_n but_o yet_o he_o never_o mean_v to_o refer_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o perfect_a action_n only_o to_o the_o temper_n of_o that_o particle_n so_o he_o acknowledge_v the_o temper_n of_o the_o crystalline_a humour_n to_o be_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o vision_n or_o sight_n together_o with_o his_o purity_n smoothness_n and_o situation_n which_o be_v all_o organical_a for_o if_o the_o position_n of_o the_o crystalline_a humour_n be_v change_v if_o it_o be_v drown_v too_o deep_a in_o the_o glassy_a humour_n although_o galen_n what_o we_o must_v resolve_v upon_o according_a to_o galen_n the_o temper_n of_o it_o remain_v neverso_fw-it exquisite_a yet_o the_o vision_n can_v be_v perfect_a in_o a_o word_n therefore_o i_o answer_v that_o the_o original_n of_o the_o action_n depend_v upon_o the_o similar_v part_n and_o his_o temper_n but_o the_o perfection_n of_o the_o action_n follow_v the_o frame_n of_o the_o whole_a organ_n and_o this_o galen_n teach_v in_o the_o sixth_o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr differentijs_fw-la morborum_fw-la and_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr optima_fw-la corpor_fw-la be_v constitutione_n where_o he_o will_v and_o resolve_v that_o the_o action_n do_v first_o of_o all_o and_o original_o issue_n from_o the_o similar_v particle_n but_o their_o accomplishment_n and_o perfection_n depend_v upon_o the_o frame_n of_o the_o whole_a organ_n whether_o the_o spermaticall_a part_n be_v generate_v of_o seed_n qvest._n vii_o maue_v thus_o handle_v the_o distinction_n of_o the_o part_n &_o the_o nature_n of_o they_o all_o it_o remain_v that_o we_o entreat_v of_o those_o part_n which_o be_v call_v spermaticall_a part_n three_o question_n concern_v spermatical_a part_n concern_v which_o there_o be_v three_o question_n among_o the_o rest_n most_o notable_a whether_o they_o be_v immediate_o make_v of_o the_o seed_n whether_o they_o can_v grow_v together_o again_o or_o be_v restore_v and_o whether_o they_o be_v hot_a than_o the_o sanguine_a or_o bloody_a part_n or_o no_o all_o which_o we_o will_v dispute_v in_o order_n the_o first_o question_n be_v hard_o question_n the_o first_o question_n to_o be_v determine_v and_o therefore_o we_o must_v be_v constrain_v to_o take_v our_o rise_n a_o little_a high_o for_o that_o the_o nature_n of_o seed_n which_o be_v entangle_v in_o many_o fold_n of_o difficulty_n must_v first_o be_v unfold_v notwithstanding_o because_o we_o shall_v have_v fit_a opportunity_n in_o the_o book_n of_o the_o generation_n of_o man_n to_o search_v more_o narrow_o into_o the_o mystery_n of_o this_o secret_a we_o will_v content_v ourselves_o in_o this_o place_n brief_o to_o run_v over_o those_o thing_n which_o shall_v most_o concern_v the_o matter_n we_o have_v in_o hand_n it_o be_v agree_v upon_o between_o the_o physician_n and_o the_o peripatecian_o that_o seed_n be_v a_o principle_n of_o generation_n but_o the_o philosopher_n do_v acknowledge_v it_o only_o to_o be_v a_o formal_a and_o efficient_a principle_n the_o physician_n both_o a_o formal_a and_o a_o material_a formal_a by_o reason_n of_o his_o spirit_n material_a by_o reason_n of_o his_o body_n the_o physician_n therefore_o do_v determine_v that_o the_o reason_n the_o peripatetic_n think_v that_o all_o the_o part_n be_v generate_v of_o blood_n the_o first_o reason_n spermaticall_a part_n be_v generate_v out_o of_o the_o crassament_n or_o thick_a substance_n of_o the_o seed_n the_o peripatetic_n only_o out_o of_o the_o blood_n this_o latter_a opinion_n be_v not_o without_o his_o patron_n and_o abettor_n and_o beside_o support_v itself_o by_o these_o argument_n if_o the_o spermaticall_a part_n be_v make_v of_o the_o seed_n as_o of_o a_o material_a principle_n then_o the_o active_a and_o the_o passive_a the_o act_n and_o the_o power_n the_o mover_n and_o that_o which_o be_v move_v the_o matter_n and_o the_o form_n the_o maker_n and_o the_o thing_n make_v shall_v be_v the_o same_o which_o true_a and_o solid_a philosophy_n will_v not_o admit_v again_o according_a to_o aristotle_n in_o the_o second_o book_n of_o his_o physics_n the_o artizane_n be_v never_o a_o part_n of_o his_o own_o workmanship_n the_o seed_n be_v the_o artizane_n galen_n call_v it_o phidias_n who_o be_v statuary_n the_o second_o aristotle_n phidias_n the_o statuary_n a_o excellent_a statuary_n and_o make_v among_o other_o piece_n minerva_n statue_n of_o ivory_n 26._o cubit_n high_a etc._n etc._n and_o in_o the_o 20._o chapter_n of_o the_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr generatione_n animalium_fw-la the_o seed_n be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o infant_n that_o be_v make_v say_v the_o philosopher_n no_o more_o than_o the_o carpenter_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o wood_n which_o he_o hew_v neither_o be_v there_o any_o part_n of_o the_o art_n of_o the_o artificer_n in_o that_o which_o be_v effect_v but_o only_o by_o his_o labour_n through_o motion_n there_o arise_v in_o the_o matter_n a_o form_n and_o a_o shape_n moreover_o it_o be_v a_o axiom_n of_o physic_n that_o we_o be_v nourish_v by_o three_o a_o axiom_n in_o physic_n the_o three_o those_o thing_n whereof_o we_o be_v form_v frame_v and_o do_v consist_v but_o all_o the_o part_n of_o man_n be_v nourish_v with_o blood_n and_o therefore_o they_o be_v all_o generate_v of_o blood_n also_o furthermore_o if_o the_o principal_a part_n the_o heart_n and_o the_o liver_n be_v make_v of_o blood_n for_o their_o substance_n be_v fleshy_a and_o hypocrates_n call_v they_o both_o fleshy_a entrail_n why_o be_v it_o not_o so_o hypocrates_n the_o four_o hypocrates_n with_o the_o other_o part_n which_o all_o man_n admit_v and_o consent_v to_o be_v make_v and_o perfect_v after_o they_o add_v hereto_o that_o if_o the_o seed_n of_o the_o male_n be_v both_o the_o efficient_a and_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o infant_n five_o the_o five_o there_o be_v no_o reason_n but_o the_o male_a may_v alone_o beget_v a_o infant_n in_o himself_o shall_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o seed_n be_v idle_a and_o at_o rest_n which_o all_o philosopher_n with_o one_o consent_n do_v agree_v be_v always_o active_a and_o operative_a final_o be_v it_o possible_a that_o so_o small_a a_o moment_n of_o seed_n as_o ordinary_o sixth_o the_o sixth_o suffice_v for_o the_o generation_n of_o man_n shall_v be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o delineation_n of_o so_o many_o hundred_o nay_o thousand_o of_o bone_n gristle_n ligament_n artery_n nerve_n vein_n membrane_n &_o c_o wherefore_o the_o seed_n have_v not_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o material_a but_o only_o of_o a_o efficient_a cause_n of_o man_n generation_n there_o be_v also_o two_o place_n in_o galen_n which_o seem_v to_o favour_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o peripatetike_n the_o first_o be_v in_o the_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr naturalibus_fw-la facultatibus_fw-la where_o he_o say_v the_o seed_n be_v a_o â—ffective_a principle_n of_o the_o creature_n for_o the_o material_a be_v the_o menstrual_a blood_n the_o other_o in_o the_o three_o chapter_n of_o the_o same_o book_n where_o he_o speak_v very_o plain_o there_o be_v great_a difference_n say_v he_o between_o the_o workmanship_n of_o phydias_n and_o of_o nature_n for_o phydias_n of_o wax_n can_v never_o make_v ivory_n and_o gold_n but_o nature_n keep_v not_o the_o old_a form_n of_o any_o matter_n generate_a of_o blood_n bloodless_a part_n as_o for_o example_n bones_o gristle_n nerve_n vein_n artery_n all_o bloodless_a yet_o make_v of_o blood_n but_o the_o truth_n be_v that_o galen_n be_v of_o another_o mind_n to_o wit_n that_o all_o the_o spermaticall_a part_n be_v make_v of_o seed_n as_o appear_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr semine_fw-la where_o he_o invey_v purposely_o 〈◊〉_d the_o contrary_a opinion_n of_o the_o physician_n authority_n of_o 〈◊〉_d against_o aristotle_n concern_v this_o matter_n teach_v that_o the_o seed_n be_v both_o the_o efficient_a and_o the_o material_a cause_n of_o their_o generation_n the_o efficient_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o spirit_n the_o matter_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o crassament_n of_o it_o and_o indeed_o that_o admirable_a and_o unimitable_a ingeny_n or_o discourse_n of_o hypocrates_n do_v first_o bring_v this_o light_n into_o the_o world_n as_o appear_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr natura_fw-la pveri_fw-la de_fw-la principijs_fw-la and_o the_o four_o de_fw-fr morbis_fw-la and_o aristotle_n himself_o be_v constrain_v to_o confess_v as_o much_o in_o the_o first_o book_n of_o his_o physics_n and_o in_o his_o aristotle_n aristotle_n book_n de_fw-fr gener_fw-la animalium_fw-la where_o he_o say_v that_o some_o part_n be_v make_v only_o of_o a_o alimentarie_a excrement_n some_o of_o a_o alimentarie_a and_o a_o seminal_a together_o beside_o not_o to_o stand_v upon_o authority_n we_o have_v weight_n of_o reason_n to_o prove_v it_o the_o seed_n of_o
testify_v that_o in_o every_o perfect_a organ_n there_o may_v be_v observe_v diverse_a kind_n of_o part_n of_o these_o part_n some_o be_v principal_a to_o which_o the_o action_n be_v primary_o to_o be_v attribute_v some_o again_o be_v such_o which_o make_v the_o action_n more_o excellent_a and_o other_o do_v conserve_v the_o action_n now_o that_o the_o nose_n be_v the_o organ_n of_o smell_a no_o man_n will_v deny_v but_o because_o diverse_a part_n do_v concur_v unto_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o nose_n to_o wit_n bone_n gristle_n muscle_n small_a nerve_n membrane_n and_o the_o mammillary_a process_n it_o be_v therefore_o controvert_v betwixt_o the_o physician_n and_o peripatetic_n to_o which_o of_o these_o part_n as_o to_o the_o chief_a cause_n the_o action_n be_v to_o be_v ascribe_v physician_n a_o difference_n between_o the_o peripatetic_n &_o physician_n aristotle_n in_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr anima_fw-la and_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr sensu_fw-la &_o sensili_fw-la do_v affirm_v that_o the_o external_a nose_n which_o be_v conspicuous_a in_o the_o face_n be_v the_o chief_a organ_n of_o smell_a wherein_o he_o conceive_v there_o be_v a_o cover_n like_o a_o value_n which_o be_v never_o open_v but_o by_o inspiration_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o we_o have_v no_o sense_n or_o preception_n of_o odour_n but_o when_o we_o inspire_v galen_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr odoratus_fw-la organo_fw-la do_v in_o the_o three_o and_o four_o whole_a chapter_n vehement_o inveighe_v against_o aristotle_n where_o he_o teach_v that_o indeed_o the_o external_a nose_n do_v something_o confer_v unto_o this_o sense_n of_o smell_v but_o the_o chief_a organ_n thereof_o be_v within_o demonstration_n galens_n demonstration_n the_o scull_n and_o for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o this_o conceit_n he_o use_v a_o elegant_a and_o invincible_a demonstration_n from_o the_o enumeration_n of_o the_o several_a pars_fw-la of_o the_o nose_n for_o neither_o say_v he_o can_v the_o bone_n nor_o the_o grystle_n nor_o the_o membran_n nor_o the_o nerve_n dilate_v through_o the_o membrane_n be_v the_o true_a organ_n of_o the_o smell_n and_o therefore_o no_o external_a part_n of_o the_o nose_n can_v be_v as_o for_o the_o bone_n and_o grystle_n they_o be_v so_o far_o from_o have_v the_o sense_n of_o smell_v that_o they_o have_v not_o so_o much_o as_o the_o faculty_n of_o touch_v allot_v unto_o they_o they_o therefore_o be_v far_o unfit_a for_o the_o performance_n of_o this_o function_n again_o every_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o organ_n ought_v to_o communicate_v in_o nature_n and_o conformation_n with_o the_o sensible_a thing_n that_o so_o the_o organ_n may_v be_v more_o easy_o alter_v by_o it_o but_o nothing_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o odour_n but_o that_o which_o be_v vaporous_a betwixt_o the_o nature_n whereof_o and_o that_o of_o bone_n and_o grystle_n there_o be_v very_o great_a distance_n as_o for_o the_o membrane_n which_o invest_v the_o nose_n it_o be_v indeed_o endow_v with_o most_o exquisite_a sense_n of_o touch_v yet_o it_o be_v to_o crass_a and_o thick_a for_o the_o reception_n of_o such_o subtle_a obect_n as_o odour_n be_v and_o beside_o this_o membrane_n or_o coat_n be_v also_o common_a to_o the_o tongue_n and_o the_o palate_n and_o mouth_n but_o in_o those_o part_n it_o have_v no_o sense_n of_o odour_n again_o if_o this_o membrane_n smell_v the_o membrane_n be_v not_o the_o instrument_n of_o smell_v be_v the_o true_a instrument_n of_o smell_a than_o it_o shall_v continual_o perceive_v the_o appulsion_n or_o beat_n of_o the_o odour_n but_o there_o be_v no_o preception_n of_o odour_n except_o when_o we_o do_v inspire_v for_o though_o you_o fill_v the_o nose_n full_a with_o muscke_n or_o ambergreese_v or_o other_o odoriferous_a body_n yea_o though_o you_o shall_v anoint_v the_o whole_a membrane_n with_o sweet_a oil_n yet_o you_o shall_v have_v no_o preception_n of_o odour_n except_o you_o draw_v in_o the_o air_n by_o inspiration_n wherefore_o we_o conclude_v that_o the_o principal_a organ_n of_o smell_a be_v not_o place_v in_o the_o bone_n or_o grystle_n or_o membrane_n or_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o external_a nose_n as_o concern_v that_o cover_n or_o value_n whereof_o this_o great_a philosopher_n dream_v which_o reason_n that_o there_o be_v no_o value_n reason_n be_v open_a when_o we_o draw_v in_o our_o breath_n and_o shutetth_v when_o we_o hold_v our_o breath_n galen_n do_v in_o no_o sort_n acknowledge_v it_o in_o the_o above_o name_v place_n neither_o will_v any_o well_o skill_v in_o anatomy_n admit_v of_o it_o but_o yet_o put_v the_o case_n that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o value_n in_o the_o interior_a part_n of_o the_o nostril_n and_o that_o it_o do_v sometime_o open_a itself_o to_o make_v a_o passage_n for_o the_o air_n and_o vapour_n which_o we_o draw_v in_o and_o that_o it_o shut_v again_o when_o we_o cease_v our_o inspiration_n then_o sure_o the_o motion_n of_o this_o cover_n must_v either_o be_v animal_n or_o natural_a or_o violent_a that_o it_o be_v voluntary_a no_o man_n will_v say_v because_o there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o such_o a_o value_n unto_o animal_n motion_n and_o beside_o all_o animal_n motion_n be_v at_o the_o command_n and_o in_o the_o government_n of_o the_o soul_n and_o obedient_a unto_o our_o will_n and_o appetite_n but_o this_o value_n be_v never_o open_v but_o when_o we_o draw_v in_o the_o air_n moreover_o the_o immediate_a instrument_n of_o voluntary_a motion_n be_v be_v a_o muscle_n but_o there_o be_v no_o muscle_n to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o nostril_n neither_o be_v this_o motion_n natural_a as_o be_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o value_v of_o the_o heart_n for_o the_o heart_n be_v perpetual_o move_v and_o perform_v by_o it_o own_o instinct_n and_o not_o by_o our_o will_n if_o you_o think_v it_o be_v violent_a because_o it_o be_v force_v by_o the_o inspire_a air_n then_o give_v ear_n unto_o galens_n observation_n overthrow_v this_o conceit_n for_o say_v he_o iâ—_n you_o shall_v force_v either_o solution_n objection_n solution_n much_o air_n or_o any_o liquor_n into_o the_o nose_n through_o a_o pipe_n and_o hold_v your_o breath_n why_o be_v not_o the_o value_n open_v if_o there_o be_v any_o such_o extant_a and_o why_o shall_v there_o not_o be_v a_o perception_n of_o those_o odour_n in_o the_o nose_n if_o â—he_v perepateticke_n shall_v insist_v &_o retort_v our_o own_o argument_n and_o sight_n against_o we_o with_o our_o own_o weapon_n and_o say_v if_o the_o mammillary_a process_n be_v the_o principal_a organ_n of_o smell_a why_o do_v not_o sweet_a air_n be_v drive_v with_o force_n and_o violence_n through_o a_o pipe_n move_v the_o sense_n galen_n answer_v that_o the_o air_n be_v blow_v and_o force_v through_o a_o pipe_n if_o we_o hold_v our_o breath_n do_v never_o reach_v unto_o the_o brain_n because_o all_o part_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v full_a of_o air_n when_o the_o brain_n be_v contract_v by_o expiration_n but_o when_o the_o brain_n be_v dilate_v by_o his_o inbred_a power_n all_o the_o space_n be_v enlarge_v and_o so_o for_o the_o avoid_v of_o vacuity_n be_v fill_v with_o inspire_a air_n the_o air_n therefore_o can_v attain_v unto_o the_o process_n and_o ventricles_n of_o the_o brain_n but_o only_o by_o inspiration_n because_o except_v the_o organ_n be_v dilate_v how_o shall_v the_o air_n pass_v through_o those_o pore_n which_o be_v already_o full_a of_o air_n now_o if_o air_n can_v be_v bring_v but_o by_o inspiration_n unto_o the_o mamillary_a process_n then_o sure_o can_v the_o species_n or_o kind_n of_o odour_n for_o as_o the_o character_n and_o quality_n of_o the_o sound_n can_v be_v carry_v unto_o the_o organ_n of_o hear_v but_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o the_o intermediate_v air_n no_o more_o can_v the_o quality_n of_o odour_n attain_v unto_o the_o organ_n of_o smell_a let_v aristotle_n therefore_o patronize_v his_o own_o opinion_n himself_o we_o with_o galen_n and_o the_o physician_n do_v resolve_v that_o the_o principal_a organ_n of_o the_o smell_n be_v smell_v the_o true_a organ_n of_o smell_v seat_v within_o the_o scull_n and_o a_o portion_n of_o the_o brain_n namely_o those_o process_n &_o two_o bunch_v production_n which_o be_v like_a to_o the_o nipple_n of_o a_o woman_n pap_n and_o do_v reside_v or_o rest_v upon_o the_o high_a bone_n of_o the_o nostril_n and_o this_o have_v hypocrates_n bewray_v in_o his_o book_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d where_o he_o say_v that_o the_o brain_n do_v smell_v the_o odour_n of_o dry_a thing_n together_o with_o the_o air_n draw_v the_o same_o through_o authority_n the_o mammillary_a processes_n authority_n two_o cartilagineous_a or_o gristly_a body_n and_o to_o he_o do_v galen_n bear_v witness_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr odoratus_fw-la organo_fw-la in_o his_o eight_o book_n de_fw-fr
chylus_n because_o the_o portal_n membrane_n be_v loose_v before_o due_a time_n by_o the_o weight_n of_o so_o great_a a_o quantity_n we_o conclude_v therefore_o that_o the_o chylus_n be_v concoct_v in_o the_o stomach_n &_o perfect_v in_o the_o small_a gut_n qvest._n four_o of_o the_o expulsive_a virtue_n of_o the_o gut_n and_o their_o peristaltic_a motion_n that_o all_o the_o gut_n have_v their_o expulsive_a faculty_n very_o strong_a not_o only_o for_o the_o avoid_n of_o their_o proper_a but_o also_o of_o common_a excrement_n be_v so_o manifest_a that_o it_o need_v no_o demonstration_n as_o that_o wherein_o we_o be_v convince_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o learned_a man_n by_o the_o structure_n &_o frame_n of_o the_o gut_n themselves_o and_o by_o the_o necessity_n of_o this_o kind_n of_o action_n to_o repeat_v galens_n word_n out_o of_o galen_n authority_n galen_n his_o sixth_o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n in_o many_o place_n out_o of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr locis_fw-la affectis_fw-la &_o naturalibus_fw-la facultatibus_fw-la be_v to_o abuse_v my_o own_o time_n and_o your_o patience_n in_o the_o structure_n of_o the_o gut_n if_o it_o be_v well_o consider_v we_o shall_v find_v both_o coat_n weave_v only_o with_o circular_a and_o overthwart_a fibres_n ordain_v for_o expulsion_n and_o if_o these_o thing_n will_v not_o move_v the_o froward_a mind_n and_o headstrong_a wit_n of_o man_n yet_o argument_n argument_n the_o necessity_n of_o the_o action_n which_o be_v the_o final_a cause_n and_o chief_a in_o nature_n must_v necessary_o convince_v they_o for_o the_o excrement_n be_v of_o necessity_n to_o be_v avoid_v the_o faculty_n by_o which_o they_o be_v avoid_v must_v needs_o also_o be_v necessary_a yea_o more_o necessary_a than_o the_o attractive_a nature_n be_v ever_o more_o diligent_a to_o expel_v that_o which_o be_v noctious_a or_o hurtful_a then_o to_o attract_v that_o which_o be_v profitable_a or_o behooveful_a and_o that_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o in_o man_n that_o lie_v faculty_n the_o necessity_n of_o the_o expulsive_a faculty_n a_o die_a the_o expiration_n be_v strong_a than_o the_o inspiration_n because_o in_o expiration_n the_o fume_a or_o smoky_a vapour_n which_o be_v offensive_a to_o the_o heart_n be_v thrust_v out_o in_o inspiration_n air_n be_v draw_v in_o which_o be_v natural_a and_o familiar_a unto_o it_o the_o expulsive_a virtue_n therefore_o of_o the_o gut_n be_v inspiration_n why_o in_o the_o instant_n of_o death_n the_o expiration_n be_v great_a than_o the_o inspiration_n strong_a than_o the_o rest_n but_o all_o this_o while_n the_o manner_n of_o this_o expulsion_n be_v not_o manifest_v which_o in_o the_o next_o place_n we_o will_v endeavour_v to_o make_v plain_a unto_o you_o the_o excrement_n be_v expel_v by_o local_a motion_n and_o this_o motion_n be_v double_a one_o natural_a another_o animal_n the_o natural_a be_v proper_a unto_o the_o gut_n the_o animal_n to_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la i_o call_v that_o natural_a which_o be_v not_o voluntary_a double_a the_o motion_n of_o the_o gut_n double_a and_o that_o animal_n which_o be_v do_v with_o choice_n and_o discretion_n the_o natural_a motion_n which_o the_o ancient_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v accomplish_v by_o transuerse_a and_o orbicular_a fibres_n contract_v the_o gut_n and_o this_o natural_a motion_n be_v again_o double_a one_o according_a to_o nature_n double_a natural_a motion_n double_a another_o against_o nature_n the_o first_o be_v accomplish_v when_o the_o gut_n do_v contract_n and_o gather_v themselves_o from_o above_o downward_o in_o which_o motion_n offensive_a humour_n wind_n and_o excrement_n be_v drive_v down_o the_o other_o quite_o contrary_a when_o the_o circular_a fibre_n do_v gather_v themselves_o from_o below_o upward_o which_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o in_o this_o motion_n the_o wind_n the_o chylus_n and_o the_o excrement_n be_v avoid_v by_o the_o upper_a part_n nothing_o by_o the_o low_a although_o such_o evacuation_n be_v provoke_v by_o sharp_a clyster_n galen_n say_v this_o motion_n hinder_v the_o wind_n galen_n galen_n from_o come_v downward_o yea_o it_o make_v it_o fly_v upward_o hypocrates_n acknowledge_v a_o threefold_a cause_n of_o this_o deprave_a motion_n inflammation_n a_o confirm_a oppilation_n or_o stop_n &_o sometime_o a_o light_a exulceration_n inflammation_n straighten_v the_o hypocrates_n hypocrates_n passage_n oppilation_n altogether_o shut_v they_o so_o then_o the_o excrement_n have_v no_o currant_n passage_n the_o expelling_a faculty_n follow_v first_o of_o all_o the_o order_n institute_v by_o nature_n begin_v motion_n the_o cause_n of_o the_o deprave_a motion_n her_o contraction_n in_o the_o upper_a part_n to_o expel_v the_o excrement_n downward_o and_o this_o it_o endevour_v again_o and_o again_o but_o be_v frustrate_v because_o of_o the_o straightness_n or_o stoppage_n which_o oppose_v she_o she_o invert_v the_o order_n and_o begin_v her_o contraction_n from_o below_o manner_n the_o manner_n and_o that_o with_o such_o violence_n that_o alas_o the_o while_n the_o chylus_n &_o the_o excrement_n be_v throw_v out_o by_o the_o mouth_n so_o diligent_a and_o circumspect_a be_v nature_n to_o unburden_v itself_o of_o that_o which_o be_v noisome_a or_o offensive_a again_o a_o light_a exulceration_n may_v cause_v this_o deprave_a motion_n as_o when_o the_o gut_n be_v afflict_v by_o the_o proritation_n or_o goad_v of_o the_o ulcer_n it_o transmit_v upward_o such_o thing_n as_o will_v offend_v it_o &_o as_o it_o be_v alter_v her_o sail_n bear_v her_o course_n upward_o against_o nature_n which_o before_o she_o hold_v downward_o this_o peristaltic_a motion_n which_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o natural_a those_o have_v miserable_a experience_n of_o which_o be_v afflict_v with_o the_o lamentable_a and_o odious_a disease_n call_v ileos_n or_o mesererimei_n deus_n wherein_o the_o seat_n or_o fundament_n be_v so_o close_v that_o a_o needle_n ileos_n the_o ileos_n can_v be_v thrust_v into_o it_o and_o if_o any_o clyster_n be_v with_o much_o ado_n administer_v they_o be_v incontinent_o suck_v up_o the_o circular_a fibres_n contract_v themselves_o from_o below_o upwardes_o this_o disease_n hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d call_v a_o headstrong_a sharp_a and_o dangerous_a affect_v hypocrates_n hypocrates_n there_o be_v another_o motion_n whereby_o the_o excrement_n be_v avoid_v which_o be_v animal_n &_o voluntary_a gut_n the_o natural_a motion_n or_o the_o gut_n wrought_v and_o accomplish_v by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la which_o be_v contract_v do_v press_v and_o strain_v the_o gut_n and_o so_o shut_v out_o the_o excrement_n which_o motion_n be_v also_o further_v by_o the_o midriff_n and_o the_o rim_z of_o the_o belly_n for_o the_o eight_o muscle_n of_o it_o the_o manner_n of_o it_o the_o abdomen_fw-la compress_v equal_o the_o paunch_n and_o the_o gut_n do_v alike_o &_o indifferent_o drive_v the_o excrement_n both_o way_n as_o well_o towards_o the_o stomach_n as_o towards_o the_o seat_n it_o be_v needful_a excrement_n the_o use_n of_o the_o midriff_n in_o the_o avoid_n of_o excrement_n therefore_o that_o there_o shall_v be_v some_o assistant_n part_n which_o shall_v drive_v it_o downward_o &_o turn_v it_o from_o above_o which_o office_n the_o midriff_n perform_v qvest._n v._n whither_o clyster_n can_v pass_v upward_o unto_o the_o stomach_n because_o i_o have_v sometime_o hear_v physician_n dispute_v about_o the_o ascent_n of_o clyster_n and_o have_v read_v galen_n and_o rhasis_n their_o contrary_a determination_n concern_v this_o matter_n i_o have_v think_v it_o fit_v a_o little_a to_o discuss_v the_o question_n in_o this_o place_n the_o rather_o because_o the_o truth_n may_v be_v demonstrate_v by_o anatomicall_a evidence_n rhasis_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o clyster_n may_v ascend_v unto_o the_o stomach_n and_o be_v often_o cast_v out_o by_o the_o nostril_n his_o word_n be_v these_o if_o a_o clyster_n be_v with_o opinion_n rhasis_n opinion_n great_a force_n and_o violence_n shoot_v up_o it_o will_v arrive_v at_o the_o stomach_n if_o it_o be_v put_v up_o gentle_o and_o by_o degree_n it_o scarce_o reach_v above_o the_o great_a gut_n galen_n on_o the_o contrary_n judge_v that_o though_o the_o continentis_fw-la â—_o continentis_fw-la liquor_n be_v never_o so_o forcible_o drive_v upward_o yet_o it_o will_v scarce_o reach_v unto_o the_o empty_a gut_n for_o opinion_n galens_n opinion_n in_o the_o first_o book_n of_o his_o method_n he_o cure_v ulcer_n of_o the_o lung_n chest_n and_o stomach_n by_o medicine_n take_v at_o the_o mouth_n but_o the_o ulcer_n of_o the_o gut_n both_o by_o thing_n take_v at_o the_o mouth_n and_o also_o inject_v at_o the_o fundament_n with_o this_o difference_n that_o if_o the_o ulcer_n be_v in_o the_o great_a gut_n he_o use_v rather_o clyster_n if_o in_o the_o small_a than_o he_o stick_v more_o to_o medicine_n at_o the_o mouth_n the_o like_a he_o
repeat_v again_o in_o the_o 13._o of_o his_o method_n and_o to_o he_o we_o rather_o listen_v in_o this_o case_n then_o to_o rhasis_n for_o i_o have_v observe_v that_o the_o gut_n be_v seven_o time_n as_o long_o as_o the_o body_n of_o the_o man_n who_o gut_n they_o be_v and_o hypocrates_n measure_v they_o to_o be_v thirteen_o cubit_n and_o gut_n the_o great_a length_n of_o the_o gut_n yet_o that_o be_v not_o all_o for_o the_o manifold_a giration_n or_o convolution_n whereinto_o they_o be_v circle_v do_v break_v the_o force_n of_o any_o injected_a liquor_n i_o think_v therefore_o that_o such_o liquor_n do_v not_o reach_v above_o the_o blind_a gut_n for_o proof_n hereof_o say_v laurentius_n i_o will_v tell_v you_o that_o which_o haply_o few_o hitherto_o have_v observe_v let_v the_o gut_n be_v dry_v and_o blow_v up_o a_o little_a and_o pour_v some_o water_n into_o the_o gut_n call_v duodenum_fw-la gut_n laurentius_n his_o instance_n that_o clyster_n can_v pass_v up_o to_o the_o stomach_n the_o value_v of_o the_o gut_n and_o it_o will_v present_o issue_v out_o at_o the_o right_a gut_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a if_o it_o be_v pour_v into_o the_o right_a gut_n it_o will_v stay_v in_o the_o appendix_n of_o the_o blind_a gut_n because_o it_o can_v can_v get_v no_o far_o which_o prove_v that_o in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o blind_a gut_n there_o be_v a_o value_n which_o nature_n in_o great_a wisdom_n have_v set_v to_o hinder_v the_o refluence_n or_o return_n of_o the_o excrement_n and_o unprofitable_a humour_n such_o a_o one_o as_o appear_v in_o the_o passage_n of_o the_o choler_n into_o the_o gut_n &_o in_o the_o vessel_n of_o the_o heart_n but_o it_o will_v be_v object_v that_o galen_n in_o his_o three_o book_n of_o the_o cause_n of_o symptom_n say_v objection_n objection_n that_o some_o have_v have_v clyster_n so_o give_v they_o as_o they_o have_v be_v cast_v up_o by_o the_o mouth_n even_o as_o the_o feces_n or_o excrement_n in_o that_o miserable_a disease_n call_v ileos_n or_o voluâ—lus_n we_o answer_v that_o expound_v answer_v and_o galen_n expound_v galen_n here_o do_v not_o contradict_v himself_o for_o it_o be_v one_o thing_n to_o speak_v of_o the_o stomach_n when_o it_o be_v well_o affect_v and_o another_o when_o it_o be_v ill_o affect_v for_o if_o the_o stomach_n be_v well_o affect_v the_o liquor_n can_v never_o arise_v unto_o it_o but_o if_o it_o be_v ill_o affect_v or_o affamished_a as_o in_o the_o disease_n call_v boulimos_n it_o draw_v from_o below_o not_o only_o such_o humour_n as_o be_v inject_v by_o the_o fundament_n but_o also_o the_o excrement_n themselves_o for_o as_o the_o pine_a or_o greedy_a liver_n draw_v from_o the_o vein_n crude_a and_o unconcoct_v ivyce_n so_o be_v it_o with_o the_o stomach_n yea_o with_o the_o mouth_n hunger_n the_o force_n of_o hunger_n for_o we_o see_v what_o riff_o raff_o and_o what_o odious_a viand_n hunger_n make_v toothsome_a to_o such_o as_o be_v pinch_v therewith_o again_o if_o the_o natural_a motion_n of_o the_o gut_n be_v deprave_a the_o circular_a fibre_n gather_v liver_n another_o cause_n that_o draw_v liquor_n to_o the_o stomach_n how_o nourish_a clyster_n come_v to_o the_o liver_n themselves_o from_o below_o upwarde_o may_v make_v a_o clyster_n or_o other_o liquor_n ascend_v unto_o the_o stomach_n if_o it_o be_v object_v that_o nourish_a clyster_n be_v carry_v unto_o the_o liver_n i_o answer_v that_o they_o arise_v not_o thither_o either_o of_o their_o own_o accord_n or_o by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o liquor_n inject_v but_o they_o be_v draw_v by_o the_o vein_n of_o the_o mesenterie_n and_o thence_o transport_v into_o the_o liver_n qvest._n vi_o of_o the_o evil_a savour_n of_o the_o excrement_n many_o man_n that_o be_v but_o slight_o see_v into_o the_o course_n of_o nature_n do_v wonder_n excrement_n of_o the_o savour_n of_o excrement_n much_o why_o in_o a_o sound_a body_n and_o in_o a_o temperate_a man_n the_o excrement_n of_o the_o belly_n become_v so_o unsavourie_a and_o abominable_o scent_v because_o all_o stench_n be_v the_o consequence_n of_o corruption_n and_o corruption_n or_o putrefaction_n have_v for_o her_o efficient_a cause_n outward_a and_o acquire_v not_o inbred_a heat_n for_o who_o better_a satisfaction_n we_o say_v that_o physician_n acknowledge_v a_o double_a cause_n of_o this_o heat_n a_o double_a cause_n of_o it_o the_o efficient_a cause_n be_v heat_n foetor_fw-la or_o stench_n a_o efficient_a and_o a_o material_a concern_v the_o efficient_a they_o say_v that_o our_o heat_n though_o it_o be_v one_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o subject_n yet_o in_o different_a consideration_n it_o be_v diverse_a and_o may_v be_v two_o way_n consider_v either_o simple_o as_o it_o be_v heat_n or_o else_o as_o it_o be_v inbred_a heat_n and_o the_o instrument_n of_o all_o the_o function_n of_o the_o soul_n as_o it_o be_v heat_n it_o continual_o feed_v upon_o and_o consume_v the_o moisture_n as_o it_o be_v inbred_a it_o boil_v or_o concoct_v assimulate_v and_o engender_v so_o from_o the_o same_o heat_n do_v flow_v diverse_a yea_o contrary_a motion_n while_o the_o chylus_n be_v make_v in_o the_o stomach_n the_o natural_a or_o inbred_a heat_n insinuate_v itself_o equal_o and_o a_o like_a into_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o matter_n gather_v together_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v correspondent_a to_o our_o nature_n and_o separate_v the_o rest_n the_o first_o be_v draw_v away_o into_o the_o liver_n by_o the_o vein_n of_o the_o mesentery_n but_o the_o other_o which_o can_v be_v assimulate_v be_v thrust_v down_o into_o the_o great_a gut_n and_o there_o as_o unprofitable_a be_v forsake_v by_o the_o natural_a heat_n wherefore_o the_o heat_n work_v upon_o it_o no_o more_o as_o it_o be_v inbred_a or_o direct_a from_o the_o soul_n but_o simple_o as_o it_o be_v heat_n take_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o outward_a heat_n and_o thence_o come_v the_o stench_n add_v hereto_o the_o fitness_n of_o the_o matter_n for_o these_o superfluity_n be_v crude_a and_o very_a moist_a whence_o come_v putrefaction_n but_o if_o the_o humour_n be_v draw_v away_o the_o putrefaction_n be_v less_o and_o the_o savour_v not_o so_o noisome_a and_o this_o be_v the_o only_a reason_n why_o the_o excrement_n of_o a_o man_n most_o temperate_a have_v a_o worse_a problem_n why_o the_o excrement_n of_o man_n be_v more_o stink_a than_o those_o of_o other_o creature_n arist_n problem_n sect_n 13._o a_o problem_n savour_n than_o those_o of_o other_o creature_n because_o a_o man_n use_v very_o moist_a nourishment_n and_o very_o diverse_a that_o be_v of_o several_a kind_n and_o lead_v a_o life_n more_o sluggish_a and_o sedentarie_a other_o creature_n feed_v upon_o dry_a father_n and_o so_o their_o excrement_n become_v dry_a and_o this_o cause_n aristotle_n assign_v in_o his_o problem_n where_o ask_v the_o question_n why_o the_o excrement_n of_o the_o belly_n the_o long_o they_o be_v retain_v be_v less_o unsavourie_a and_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o urine_n the_o long_o it_o be_v keep_v smell_v the_o strong_a he_o resolve_v it_o thus_o because_o say_v he_o in_o the_o long_a stay_n the_o excrement_n be_v dry_v and_o so_o the_o nourishment_n of_o putrefaction_n be_v subtract_v or_o draw_v away_o which_o be_v not_o so_o in_o the_o urine_n now_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o form_n and_o figuration_n of_o the_o excrement_n be_v because_o of_o the_o chamber_n and_o cell_n of_o the_o colic_n gut_n wherein_o it_o swell_v into_o round_a &_o break_a piece_n qvest._n vii_o of_o the_o substance_n and_o the_o scite_fw-la of_o the_o gut_n before_o we_o pass_v from_o the_o gut_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o reconcile_v galen_n galen_n some_o different_a place_n of_o galen_n concern_v their_o substance_n in_o his_o book_n of_o method_n he_o say_v that_o if_o the_o gut_n be_v wound_v or_o ulcerate_v be_v what_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o gut_n be_v they_o do_v very_o hardly_o join_v together_o again_o especial_o the_o small_a because_o their_o substance_n be_v nervous_a and_o membranous_a but_o in_o the_o 14._o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n he_o write_v that_o the_o gut_n and_o the_o stomach_n because_o they_o be_v instrument_n of_o concoction_n have_v a_o fleshy_a composition_n and_o the_o same_o hypocrates_n insinuate_v in_o his_o aphorism_n where_o 4_o hypocrates_n aphor._n 26_o sect_n 4_o he_o say_v that_o if_o upon_o a_o dysenterie_n or_o bloody_a flix_a little_a caruncle_n or_o rag_n of_o flesh_n do_v pass_v away_o by_o siege_n it_o be_v a_o mortal_a sign_n the_o truth_n be_v that_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o gut_n be_v nervous_a or_o reconcile_v certain_a place_n of_o galen_n &_o hypocrates_n reconcile_v sinnowy_a but_o yet_o throughout_o also_o replenish_v with_o fleshy_a fibres_n so_o as_o it_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v both_o membranous_a and_o also_o
know_v be_v continue_v with_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o stomach_n qvest._n xx._n whether_o the_o bladder_n do_v draw_v the_o urine_n concern_v the_o tractive_a retentive_a and_o expulsive_a faculty_n of_o the_o bladder_n in_o respect_n or_o reference_n to_o the_o urine_n there_o be_v some_o small_a difficulty_n which_o have_v galen_n whether_o the_o bladder_n have_v any_o tractive_a faculty_n galen_n need_v to_o be_v make_v plain_a and_o first_o there_o may_v be_v question_n make_v of_o a_o tractive_a faculty_n for_o galen_n sometime_o allow_v sometime_o deny_v it_o in_o the_o three_o book_n de_fw-fr natural_a facult_a and_o the_o five_o de_fw-fr usu_fw-la part_n he_o write_v that_o both_o the_o bladder_n of_o the_o gall_n and_o of_o the_o urine_n have_v a_o proper_a power_n to_o draw_v their_o own_o excrement_n and_o this_o the_o structure_n or_o frame_n of_o the_o bladder_n do_v also_o convince_v for_o it_o appear_v to_o be_v weave_v of_o three_o sort_n of_o fibre_n right_a oblique_a and_o transuerse_a and_o in_o the_o 7._o chapter_n of_o the_o 5._o book_n galen_n galen_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la part_n the_o bladder_n say_v galen_n as_o well_o that_o which_o receive_v the_o urine_n as_o that_o which_o receive_v the_o choler_n because_o both_o of_o they_o do_v draw_v their_o proper_a excrement_n pure_a and_o segregated_a from_o the_o rest_n do_v both_o of_o they_o by_o due_a right_n make_v claim_v unto_o other_o vessel_n which_o shall_v convey_v nourishment_n unto_o they_o aristotle_n in_o the_o 15._o chapter_n of_o the_o three_o book_n de_fw-fr histor_n animal_n aristotle_n aristotle_n say_v that_o after_o death_n no_o humour_n fall_v into_o the_o bladder_n but_o whilst_o man_n be_v alive_a not_o only_a humour_n but_o also_o dry_a recrement_n do_v pass_v down_o of_o which_o stone_n be_v engender_v now_o if_o the_o whey_n do_v only_o descend_v and_o be_v not_o draw_v why_o shall_v it_o not_o descend_v also_o in_o dead_a body_n galen_n in_o the_o 6._o book_n de_fw-fr locis_fw-la affectis_fw-la seem_v to_o be_v of_o a_o contrary_a opinion_n for_o search_v galen_n galen_n into_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o disease_n call_v diabetes_n that_o be_v a_o exceed_a flux_n of_o urine_n and_o the_o cause_n thereof_o he_o affirm_v that_o the_o bladder_n do_v not_o draw_v the_o urine_n unto_o itself_o but_o i_o understand_v expound_v the_o cause_n of_o diabetes_n galen_n expound_v galen_n that_o where_o he_o say_v in_o the_o diabetes_n the_o bladder_n draw_v no_o whey_n unto_o itself_o his_o meaning_n be_v that_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o diabetes_n be_v not_o to_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o tractive_a power_n of_o the_o bladder_n neither_o that_o it_o be_v at_o all_o any_o affection_n of_o the_o bladder_n but_o rather_o a_o symptom_n of_o the_o exceed_a strength_n of_o the_o traction_n of_o the_o kidney_n and_o of_o the_o weakness_n of_o their_o retention_n and_o therefore_o in_o that_o disease_n the_o bladder_n draw_v not_o so_o great_a a_o quantity_n of_o urine_n but_o the_o hot_a and_o boil_a kidney_n draw_v more_o whey_n than_o they_o be_v able_a to_o contain_v whence_o either_o of_o it_o own_o accord_n it_o fall_v through_o the_o ureter_n into_o the_o bladder_n or_o be_v thrust_v down_o by_o violence_n but_o if_o all_o thing_n stand_v in_o good_a order_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n than_o there_o be_v no_o reason_n but_o to_o think_v that_o the_o urine_n be_v draw_v by_o the_o ureter_n and_o the_o bladder_n neither_o do_v i_o nourish_v how_o the_o bladder_n be_v nourish_v think_v that_o the_o bladder_n be_v nourish_v by_o that_o excrement_n consider_v that_o from_o the_o hypogastricke_a branch_n there_o be_v many_o small_a rillet_n of_o vein_n and_o artery_n disperse_v through_o both_o his_o coat_n qvest._n xxi_o of_o the_o retention_n and_o excretion_n of_o the_o urine_n whether_o it_o be_v accomplish_v by_o a_o natural_a or_o by_o a_o animal_n faculty_n the_o proper_a use_n of_o the_o bladder_n be_v to_o retain_v the_o urine_n to_o a_o certain_a time_n and_o afterward_o to_o avoid_v it_o but_o by_o what_o power_n it_o do_v this_o animal_n or_o natural_a there_o lie_v the_o controversy_n some_o conceit_n that_o both_o the_o action_n as_o well_o action_n retention_n &_o excretion_n be_v natural_a action_n the_o retention_n as_o expulsion_n be_v natural_a because_o there_o be_v the_o same_o reason_n of_o both_o the_o bladder_n of_o gall_n and_o of_o urine_n but_o the_o bladder_n of_o gall_n retain_v and_o expel_v only_o by_o the_o faculty_n which_o we_o call_v natural_a add_v hereto_o that_o the_o triple_a kind_n of_o fibre_n which_o be_v in_o both_o the_o bladder_n do_v persuade_v we_o that_o there_o be_v a_o threefold_a natural_a action_n in_o they_o and_o not_o a_o animal_n on_o the_o contrary_a it_o may_v be_v demonstrate_v that_o both_o animal_n that_o they_o be_v animal_n these_o action_n be_v animal_n on_o this_o manner_n the_o retention_n be_v make_v by_o animal_n instrument_n and_o therefore_o the_o action_n be_v animal_n this_o animal_n instrument_n be_v a_o muscle_n now_o we_o know_v that_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o bladder_n be_v compass_v about_o with_o a_o sphinct_a muscle_n who_o play_v the_o porter_n and_o stop_v the_o gate_n lest_o the_o urine_n shall_v pass_v away_o without_o our_o good_a pleasure_n that_o the_o expulsion_n be_v animal_n be_v witness_v as_o by_o other_o argument_n so_o by_o this_o that_o according_a to_o our_o arbitrary_a will_n it_o be_v either_o flower_n or_o quick_a weak_a or_o strong_a as_o also_o because_o it_o be_v not_o accomplish_v without_o the_o help_n of_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la galen_n in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr locis_fw-la affectis_fw-la and_o 6._o chapter_n stint_v this_o strife_n and_o say_v that_o the_o action_n be_v mix_v the_o retention_n galen_n galen_n animal_n and_o voluntary_a as_o be_v perform_v by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o muscle_n the_o excretian_a natural_a which_o be_v undertake_v and_o perform_v by_o the_o expulsive_a faculty_n for_o my_o own_o be_v what_o our_o resolution_n be_v part_n i_o think_v that_o both_o action_n as_o well_o the_o retention_n as_o the_o expulsion_n as_o partly_o natural_a &_o partly_o animal_n but_o the_o retention_n more_o animal_n and_o the_o expulsion_n more_o natural_a the_o urine_n be_v retain_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o bladder_n by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o oblique_a fibre_n now_o that_o retention_n be_v natural_a but_o beside_o it_o be_v retain_v also_o at_o our_o pleasure_n by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o sphinete_a muscle_n and_o this_o action_n be_v mere_o animal_n the_o urine_n be_v expel_v by_o the_o ingenite_fw-la power_n urine_n the_o urine_n of_o the_o bladder_n whereby_o it_o be_v provoke_v to_o avoid_v that_o which_o be_v noisome_a or_o grievous_a unto_o it_o &_o this_o excretion_n be_v altogether_o natural_a again_o the_o urine_n be_v expel_v at_o our_o pleasure_n by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la press_v the_o hypogastrium_n or_o watercourse_n and_o some_o think_v that_o those_o small_a muscle_n of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la call_v pyramidales_n or_o succenturiati_n that_o be_v spirie_n or_o assistant_n muscle_n be_v ordain_v by_o nature_n to_o further_a the_o excretion_n of_o this_o humour_n and_o therefore_o both_o these_o action_n be_v mix_v some_o will_v object_v that_o excretion_n can_v be_v no_o way_n natural_a because_o all_o natural_a action_n be_v perpetual_a and_o indesinent_a the_o urine_n shall_v be_v continual_o avoid_v galen_n answer_v galen_n objection_n answer_v out_o of_o galen_n that_o all_o urine_n be_v not_o the_o object_n of_o the_o expulsive_a faculty_n but_o that_o only_a which_o either_o fret_v or_o streatch_v that_o be_v which_o be_v offensive_a either_o in_o quantity_n or_o in_o quality_n and_o so_o much_o concern_v the_o bladder_n now_o follow_v the_o pap_n qvest._n xxii_o of_o the_o action_n and_o use_n of_o the_o breast_n or_o pap_n all_o man_n i_o think_v be_v resolve_v that_o there_o be_v in_o the_o breast_n a_o inbred_a faculty_n of_o make_v milk_n this_o only_a be_v questionable_a how_o they_o which_o be_v but_o kernel_n question_n the_o question_n shall_v perform_v a_o official_a or_o common_a action_n which_o be_v accomplish_v by_o alteration_n and_o concoction_n see_v galen_n deny_v unto_o these_o glandule_n all_o action_n and_o yield_v unto_o they_o only_o a_o use_n now_o that_o the_o breast_n or_o pap_n be_v hippoorates_n galen_n the_o breast_n glandule_n hippoorates_n to_o be_v reckon_v among_o the_o glandule_n their_o substance_n and_o use_n do_v manifest_o declare_v for_o their_o substance_n it_o be_v rare_a friable_a and_o spungy_a and_o for_o their_o use_n hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr glandulis_fw-la ascribe_v the_o same_o unto_o the_o dug_n which_o other_o kernelly_n part_v perform_v where_o he_o say_v the_o use_v of_o the_o pap_n and_o of_o the_o glandule_n
liver_n and_o this_o we_o have_v from_o galen_n in_o his_o book_n first_o the_o first_o de_fw-fr temperamentis_fw-la and_o de_fw-fr arte_fw-la parua_fw-la where_o he_o say_v those_o who_o heart_n be_v hot_a be_v also_o of_o a_o hot_a habit_n of_o body_n unless_o there_o be_v some_o obstacle_n in_o the_o liver_n and_o those_o that_o have_v hot_a liver_n have_v also_o hot_a habit_n unless_o there_o be_v some_o repugnancy_n in_o the_o heart_n but_o if_o both_o these_o bowel_n do_v conspire_v in_o the_o same_o temper_n then_o of_o necessity_n must_v the_o temper_v of_o the_o whole_a body_n be_v like_a unto_o they_o but_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o liver_n of_o woman_n be_v hot_a than_o of_o man_n and_o therefore_o their_o whole_a body_n be_v also_o of_o a_o hot_a temper_n than_o mens_fw-la that_o the_o heart_n of_o a_o woman_n be_v hot_a than_o the_o heart_n of_o a_o man_n may_v thus_o be_v demonstate_v the_o temper_n of_o the_o particular_a part_n be_v especial_o know_v by_o the_o strength_n of_o their_o action_n now_o man_n a_o woman_n heart_n hot_a than_o a_o man_n the_o action_n and_o faculty_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v two_o vital_a as_o say_v the_o physician_n and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o irascibilis_fw-la that_o be_v the_o passion_n of_o anger_n as_o say_v the_o platonist_n both_o these_o be_v more_o operative_a &_o lively_a in_o a_o woman_n then_o in_o a_o man_n the_o vital_a faculty_n shine_v most_o evident_o in_o the_o pulse_n now_o the_o pulse_n of_o woman_n be_v more_o quick_a and_o frequent_a of_o man_n more_o rare_a and_o slow_a as_o galen_n teach_v in_o the_o 9_o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n of_o pulse_n ad_fw-la tyrone_n and_o in_o the_o second_o chapter_n of_o his_o three_o book_n de_fw-fr causis_fw-la pulsuum_fw-la that_o also_o auerroes_n affirm_v in_o the_o four_o colliget_fw-la and_o the_o 19_o chapter_n but_o the_o frequency_n and_o swiftness_n of_o the_o pulse_n bewray_v the_o strength_n of_o the_o heat_n for_o as_o it_o be_v the_o property_n of_o cold_a to_o make_v the_o part_n sluggish_a and_o dull_a in_o their_o motion_n so_o heat_n move_v they_o continual_o and_o give_v they_o no_o rest_n at_o all_o the_o other_o faculty_n also_o of_o the_o heart_n which_o we_o call_v irascibilis_fw-la or_o the_o passion_n of_o anger_n we_o many_o of_o we_o know_v by_o woeful_a experience_n to_o be_v quick_a and_o more_o vigorous_a in_o woman_n man_n woman_n soon_o angry_a than_o man_n then_o in_o man_n for_o they_o be_v easy_o heat_v and_o upon_o very_a sleight_n cause_n but_o anger_n with_o galen_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr arte_fw-la parua_fw-la be_v a_o sign_n of_o a_o hot_a heart_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o female_n be_v more_o bold_a and_o cruel_a then_o male_n for_o hunter_n affirm_v that_o of_o tiger_n bear_n and_o lion_n the_o female_n be_v far_o fierce_a than_o the_o male_n that_o the_o liver_n of_o a_o woman_n be_v hot_a than_o a_o man_n may_v be_v prove_v by_o the_o same_o demonstration_n man_n the_o liver_n of_o a_o woman_n hot_a than_o of_o a_o man_n the_o natural_a faculty_n which_o have_v his_o residence_n in_o the_o liver_n and_o be_v divide_v into_o the_o increase_n nourish_a and_o procreat_v virtue_n be_v strong_a in_o a_o woman_n then_o in_o a_o man_n for_o we_o see_v that_o wench_n grow_v fast_o than_o boy_n become_v soon_o ripe_a and_o yield_v seed_n the_o faculty_n the_o procreating_a faculty_n soon_o which_o be_v the_o work_n of_o the_o generative_a faculty_n they_o be_v also_o more_o wanton_a and_o lascivious_a as_o have_v the_o testicle_n hide_v within_o their_o body_n by_o which_o they_o be_v heat_v for_o galen_n say_v that_o the_o testicle_n after_o the_o heart_n be_v as_o it_o be_v another_o hearth_n of_o natural_a heat_n the_o nourish_v faculty_n which_o be_v a_o certain_a sign_n of_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o liver_n be_v more_o perfect_a in_o a_o woman_n then_o in_o a_o man_n for_o their_o liver_n engender_v more_o blood_n now_o so_o much_o blood_n faculty_n the_o nourish_v faculty_n as_o we_o have_v so_o much_o heat_n have_v we_o also_o neither_o be_v this_o blood_n of_o they_o of_o any_o hurtful_a or_o ill_a quality_n but_o only_o offensive_a in_o quantity_n beside_o the_o habit_n of_o woman_n be_v more_o fat_a plump_a and_o delicate_a to_o see_v to_o and_o to_o feel_v and_o altogether_o without_o hair_n final_o in_o woman_n all_o the_o animal_n faculty_n be_v most_o perfect_a their_o sense_n most_o sharp_a their_o muscle_n more_o nimble_a and_o deliver_v to_o move_v their_o joint_n their_o memory_n more_o happy_a faculty_n the_o animal_n faculty_n their_o invention_n more_o subtle_a their_o word_n which_o express_v the_o conceit_n of_o the_o mind_n more_o plentiful_a and_o abundant_a and_o therefore_o virgil_n express_v the_o communication_n of_o the_o god_n make_v jupiter_n begin_v and_o venus_n to_o answer_v but_o add_v jupiter_n haec_fw-la paucis_fw-la at_o non_fw-la venus_n aurea_fw-la contra_fw-la 10._o aenci._n 10._o pauca_fw-la refert_fw-la thus_o in_o few_o word_n do_v jupiter_n his_o royal_a sentence_n end_n but_o venus_n fair_a in_o many_o more_o do_v thus_o her_o cause_n commend_v if_o therefore_o all_o the_o faculty_n vital_a natural_a and_o animal_n be_v in_o woman_n more_o perfect_a than_o in_o man_n who_o will_v deny_v but_o they_o be_v also_o hot_a than_o man_n neither_o will_v we_o pass_v over_o in_o silence_n that_o which_o macrobius_n have_v observe_v in_o the_o 7_o book_n of_o his_o saturnalia_fw-la what_o time_n the_o saturnal_a macrobius_n saturnal_a body_n of_o man_n be_v burn_v to_o every_o ten_o man_n they_o put_v the_o body_n of_o a_o woman_n to_o make_v they_o the_o soon_o take_v fire_n these_o thing_n be_v indeed_o probable_a and_o cover_v over_o with_o a_o veil_n of_o truth_n which_o notwithstanding_o if_o we_o weigh_v in_o the_o balance_n of_o philosophy_n and_o of_o physic_n they_o will_v appear_v woman_n that_o man_n be_v hot_a than_o woman_n to_o be_v as_o light_a as_o vanity_n itself_o we_o will_v therefore_o maintain_v the_o other_o opinion_n that_o man_n be_v general_o hot_a than_o woman_n and_o this_o we_o will_v confirm_v by_o strong_a and_o substantial_a reason_n as_o also_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o best_a and_o most_o authentic_a author_n there_o be_v very_o many_o thing_n which_o will_v evince_v this_o truth_n but_o these_o among_o the_o rest_n the_o principle_n of_o generation_n the_o place_n in_o which_o and_o out_o of_o which_o the_o infant_n be_v generate_v the_o fetch_v the_o place_n from_o which_o the_o argument_n be_v fetch_v conformation_n the_o motion_n the_o time_n of_o birth_n the_o purgation_n after_o birth_n the_o structure_n and_o habit_n of_o all_o the_o part_n the_o manner_n of_o diet_n and_o course_n of_o life_n and_o final_o the_o final_a cause_n all_o which_o we_o will_v brief_o run_v through_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o principle_n of_o generation_n man_n be_v generate_v of_o hot_a seed_n than_o woman_n this_o have_v hypocrates_n elegant_o declare_v in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr diaeta_fw-la for_o acknowledge_v generation_n the_o principle_n of_o generation_n a_o double_a or_o twofold_a kind_n of_o seed_n in_o both_o sex_n a_o male_a feed_n and_o a_o female_a he_o conclude_v that_o of_o the_o male_a seed_n that_o be_v the_o hot_a and_o more_o vigorous_a a_o man_n be_v generate_v out_o of_o the_o weak_a a_o woman_n moreover_o man_n be_v generate_v in_o a_o hot_a place_n hypocrates_n in_o the_o 48._o aphorism_n of_o the_o five_o section_n say_v male_a infant_n be_v bear_v on_o the_o right_a side_n female_n on_o the_o left_a now_o we_o know_v that_o the_o right_a side_n be_v hot_a than_o the_o left_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o liver_n conception_n the_o place_n of_o conception_n for_o the_o heart_n be_v indifferent_a and_o in_o the_o very_a midst_n especial_o the_o basis_n thereof_o which_o be_v the_o hot_a part_n neither_o be_v males_n generate_v only_o in_o the_o right_a side_n but_o also_o out_o of_o the_o right_a side_n for_o so_o say_v hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n epidemiωn_o when_o a_o man_n begin_v to_o grow_v lustful_a if_o his_o right_a conceyve_v the_o place_n out_o of_o which_o the_o infant_n be_v conceyve_v testicle_n swell_v he_o will_v beget_v a_o manchilde_n if_o his_o leave_v a_o woman_n and_o thence_o also_o it_o be_v that_o he_o call_v the_o right_a testicle_n masculun_n the_o male_a and_o the_o leave_v foeminium_fw-la the_o female_a because_o the_o seed_n of_o the_o one_o be_v very_o hot_a and_o exquisiuly_a boil_a and_o make_v of_o the_o pure_a blood_n that_o of_o the_o other_o cold_a &_o thin_a have_v much_o whey_n in_o it_o because_o of_o the_o original_n of_o the_o left_a spermaticall_a vein_n out_o of_o the_o emulgent_a this_o the_o countryman_n know_v full_a well_o and_o therefore_o when_o they_o will_v have_v
genitura_fw-la de_fw-la morbo_fw-la sacro_fw-la or_o of_o the_o epilepsy_n &_o de_fw-fr aere_fw-la aquis_fw-la &_o locis_fw-la for_o there_o he_o say_v that_o seed_n yssu_v from_o all_o moisture_n which_o hypocrates_n hypocrates_n be_v contain_v in_o the_o body_n and_o in_o another_o place_n seed_n fall_v from_o all_o the_o part_n sound_a seed_n from_o sound_a part_n and_o sick_a or_o disease_v from_o disease_a part_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o lame_a man_n beget_v lame_a child_n bald_a man_n bald_a child_n and_o spleniticke_a man_n child_n afflict_v with_o the_o spleen_n this_o opinion_n be_v confirm_v by_o four_o reason_n first_o because_o in_o the_o act_n of_o generation_n or_o reason_n confirm_v by_o four_o reason_n copulation_n the_o whole_a body_n be_v delight_v and_o as_o it_o be_v stupefy_v with_o a_o ecstasy_n of_o pleasure_n or_o if_o you_o will_v suffer_v a_o pleasant_a convulsion_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o coition_n be_v call_v parua_fw-la epilepsia_n a_o light_a fit_a of_o the_o fall_v sickness_n as_o we_o say_v even_o now_o the_o second_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o child_n bear_v the_o character_n of_o the_o father_n imperfection_n bald_a man_n bald_a child_n lame_a man_n lame_a child_n and_o so_o likewise_o in_o all_o the_o cense_v of_o hereditary_a disease_n three_o because_o those_o that_o be_v immoderate_a in_o the_o use_n of_o venus_n do_v waste_n and_o consume_v all_o the_o part_n of_o their_o body_n final_o because_o child_n do_v resemble_v their_o parent_n in_o all_o part_n of_o their_o body_n there_o be_v a_o elegant_a history_n of_o a_o boy_n in_o calcedo_n who_o bear_v in_o his_o right_a arm_n from_o his_o history_n a_o elegant_a history_n birth_n certain_a mark_n which_o be_v sear_v before_o in_o his_o father_n right_a arm_n also_o but_o this_o opinion_n be_v gainsay_v and_o disproove_v by_o aristotle_n in_o the_o 17._o and_o 18._o chapter_n of_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr generatione_n animalium_fw-la &_o that_o with_o weighty_a argument_n which_o we_o listen_v not_o fernelius_n aristotle_n fernelius_n here_o transcribe_v fernelius_n also_o in_o the_o seven_o book_n of_o his_o physiologia_fw-la and_o the_o second_o chapter_n add_v other_o reason_n to_o which_o we_o refer_v the_o studious_a reader_n it_o shall_v suffice_v we_o in_o this_o place_n to_o answer_v the_o former_a argument_n the_o argument_n draw_v from_o the_o universal_a pleasure_n and_o tickle_a delight_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n answer_v the_o former_a argument_n answer_v be_v of_o no_o force_n for_o even_o in_o itch_a the_o whole_a body_n be_v tickle_v though_o only_o one_o part_n itch_v moreover_o if_o the_o pleasure_n be_v therefore_o conceive_v because_o the_o seed_n flow_v from_o the_o whole_a body_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v perceive_v in_o all_o the_o body_n at_o once_o but_o by_o degree_n first_o in_o one_o part_n then_o in_o another_o as_o the_o seed_n fall_v from_o this_o or_o that_o part_n for_o we_o can_v imagine_v that_o in_o one_o moment_n of_o time_n the_o seed_n be_v derive_v from_o all_o the_o part_n into_o the_o testicle_n and_o so_o into_o the_o coition_n why_o all_o the_o body_n be_v tickle_v in_o coition_n eiaculatory_a vessel_n we_o therefore_o acknowledge_v another_o cause_n of_o that_o pleasure_n whereby_o the_o whole_a body_n be_v delight_v in_o coition_n to_o wit_n the_o high_a heat_n froathinesse_n and_o abundant_a spirit_n of_o the_o seed_n for_o that_o seed_n so_o qualify_v as_o it_o tickle_v the_o part_n of_o generation_n which_o be_v of_o exquisite_a sense_n with_o his_o sudden_a motion_n it_o draw_v the_o whole_a body_n into_o a_o sympathy_n and_o consent_n with_o they_o for_o as_o if_o a_o membrane_n be_v affect_v any_o way_n with_o pain_n all_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o body_n conceyve_v a_o sense_n of_o dolour_n therewith_o so_o when_o a_o membrane_n be_v tickle_v the_o whole_a body_n receyve_v a_o sense_n of_o delight_n and_o be_v likewise_o move_v therewith_o that_o lame_a man_n beget_v lame_a childeren_n or_o maim_v maim_v be_v not_o perpetual_o true_a for_o we_o see_v oftentimes_o that_o lame_a man_n beget_v perfect_a childeren_n and_o he_o that_o want_v a_o joint_n beget_v a_o child_n with_o all_o his_o joint_n that_o in_o immoderate_a coition_n the_o whole_a body_n be_v resolve_v and_o consume_v happen_v because_o the_o remaynder_n of_o the_o aliment_n and_o the_o spirit_n be_v in_o such_o man_n exhaust_v whereof_o when_o the_o part_n be_v defraud_v than_o they_o must_v of_o necessity_n waste_v and_o consume_v and_o therefore_o avicen_n say_v that_o the_o great_a expense_n of_o seed_n waste_v the_o body_n forty_o time_n so_o much_o as_o the_o expense_n or_o the_o loss_n of_o blood_n if_o the_o loss_n of_o they_o both_o be_v proportionable_a final_o that_o which_o they_o obtrude_v concern_v the_o likeness_n of_o childeren_n to_o their_o parent_n belong_v to_o a_o high_a contemplation_n and_o shall_v be_v dispute_v at_o large_a by_o and_o by_o in_o a_o more_o convenient_a place_n yet_o thus_o much_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n we_o say_v for_o answer_v that_o the_o similitude_n they_o speak_v off_o proceed_v not_o so_o much_o from_o the_o crass_a and_o thick_a matter_n of_o the_o seed_n as_o from_o the_o formative_a faculty_n seat_v in_o the_o particular_a part_n and_o communicate_v to_o the_o testicle_n and_o at_o length_n to_o the_o seed_n by_o the_o influent_a spirit_n which_o be_v near_o of_o kin_n unto_o those_o which_o have_v their_o perpetual_a residence_n in_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n we_o therefore_o do_v protest_v against_o that_o old_a error_n as_o a_o beggarly_a rudiment_n receive_v from_o hand_n to_o hand_n among_o the_o ancient_n that_o the_o seed_n fall_v from_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n some_o there_o be_v who_o derive_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o seed_n from_o the_o brayn_n and_o the_o spinall_n brain_n another_o opinion_n of_o those_o that_o derive_v the_o seed_n from_o the_o brain_n marrow_n this_o opinion_n of_o they_o i_o will_v illustrate_v by_o authority_n example_n and_o reason_n the_o authority_n be_v that_o of_o hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr genitura_fw-la where_o he_o say_v that_o the_o seed_n be_v diffuse_v out_o of_o the_o brain_n into_o the_o loin_n and_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o back_n from_o thence_o into_o the_o kidney_n from_o the_o kidney_n it_o attayn_v through_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o testicle_n to_o the_o privy_a part_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr natura_fw-la ossium_fw-la he_o write_v that_o the_o jugular_a it_o authority_n to_o prove_v it_o vein_n proceed_v from_o both_o side_n of_o the_o head_n into_o the_o testicle_n and_o thither_o convey_v the_o seed_n wherefore_o from_o the_o brain_n to_o the_o testicle_n hypocrates_n show_v a_o double_a way_n the_o spinall_a marrow_n and_o the_o vein_n behind_o the_o ear_n plato_n in_o his_o timaeus_n define_v seed_n to_o be_v a_o defluxion_n of_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n alemaeon_n a_o small_a portion_n of_o the_o brain_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o common_a people_n think_v that_o the_o brain_n and_o marrow_n of_o the_o bone_n do_v engender_v much_o seed_n for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o this_o opinion_n there_o be_v elegant_a history_n in_o hypocrates_n book_n history_n history_n de_fw-fr aëre_fw-la aquis_fw-la et_fw-la locis_fw-la the_o first_o be_v of_o such_o man_n as_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o other_o of_o the_o scythian_n there_o be_v in_o time_n pass_v among_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o europe_n certain_a man_n call_v macrocephali_a who_o be_v have_v in_o great_a esteem_n who_o head_n be_v long_o and_o such_o be_v account_v be_v macrocephali_n what_o they_o be_v noble_a and_o generous_a spirit_n and_o therefore_o the_o nurse_n be_v wont_a to_o press_v the_o tender_a head_n of_o infant_n and_o to_o lengthen_v they_o with_o swath_n till_o at_o length_n those_o that_o by_o custom_n and_o constraint_n have_v long_a head_n beget_v child_n with_o long_a head_n natural_o and_o by_o conformation_n without_o any_o constraint_n at_o all_o the_o scythian_n have_v no_o skill_n at_o all_o in_o horsemanship_a and_o ride_v without_o stirrup_n ear_n the_o scythian_n cut_v the_o vein_n behind_o the_o ear_n grow_v all_o of_o they_o almost_o to_o be_v trouble_v with_o the_o hipgowt_n or_o sciatica_n which_o disease_n that_o they_o may_v cure_v they_o cause_v the_o vein_n behind_o their_o ear_n to_o be_v open_v which_o be_v cut_v a_o sunder_o they_o after_o prove_v barren_a and_o some_o think_v this_o come_v to_o pass_v because_o the_o cicatrice_n or_o scar_n close_v up_o the_o way_n of_o the_o seed_n descend_v from_o the_o brain_n to_o which_o conceit_n a_o lawyer_n it_o may_v be_v allude_v write_v that_o thief_n shall_v have_v their_o ear_n cut_v off_o lest_o they_o shall_v beget_v young_a thief_n they_o conclude_v therefore_o that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o fruitful_a and_o best_a
speak_v of_o a_o lawful_a generation_n because_o her_o seed_n be_v but_o weak_a and_o too_o cold_a we_o see_v that_o hen_n will_v lay_v egg_n without_o the_o cock_n which_o we_o call_v addle_n egg_n because_o they_o will_v never_o prove_v chicken_n yea_o neither_o cock_n egg_n which_o sometime_o they_o lay_v will_v prove_v any_o thing_n wherefore_o the_o concourse_n or_o confluence_n of_o the_o seed_n of_o both_o sex_n be_v of_o absolute_a necessity_n in_o generation_n valesius_fw-la answer_v this_o objection_n thus_o that_o if_o a_o woman_n be_v of_o a_o cold_a constitution_n her_o opinion_n valesius_fw-la his_o opinion_n seed_n be_v too_o weak_a to_o endeavour_v of_o itself_o the_o conformation_n of_o the_o part_n if_o the_o woman_n be_v hot_a than_o be_v her_o seed_n fruitful_a enough_o and_o of_o sufficient_a power_n but_o then_o there_o be_v in_o such_o woman_n want_v of_o the_o remainder_n of_o aliment_n by_o which_o the_o seed_n conceive_v and_o form_v in_o the_o womb_n may_v be_v nourish_v wherefore_o a_o hot_a woman_n without_o a_o man_n may_v generate_v but_o can_v nourish_v and_o perfect_v that_o which_o she_o have_v conceive_v but_o if_o these_o thing_n be_v so_o as_o valesius_fw-la will_v have_v they_o then_o hot_a and_o mannish_a maiden_n without_o the_o embracement_n of_o man_n shall_v suffer_v many_o abortment_n and_o sometime_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o the_o geniture_n disproove_v disproove_v yssue_v from_o a_o woman_n the_o seven_o day_n after_o conception_n have_v be_v dearticulate_v so_o that_o in_o it_o have_v appear_v the_o rudiment_n of_o the_o three_o principal_a part_n and_o the_o thread_n of_o all_o the_o spermaticall_a part_n very_o conspicuous_a for_o these_o be_v the_o work_n of_o seed_n only_o and_o not_o of_o blood_n because_o the_o blood_n confer_v nothing_o to_o the_o conformation_n and_o discretion_n of_o the_o part_n neither_o yet_o flow_v unto_o the_o conception_n till_o the_o description_n of_o the_o spermaticall_a part_n be_v begin_v and_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o seed_n of_o woman_n wherein_o i_o have_v be_v somewhat_o more_o large_a because_o the_o adversary_n be_v in_o this_o point_n very_o violent_a and_o will_v hardly_o be_v gainsay_v whatsoever_o evidence_n of_o reason_n be_v bring_v against_o they_o now_o we_o proceed_v to_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o emission_n of_o seed_n qvest._n vi_o of_o the_o excretion_n of_o the_o seed_n by_o what_o power_n or_o faculty_n it_o be_v accomplish_v concern_v the_o excretion_n or_o avoid_n of_o seed_n there_o remain_v two_o thing_n to_o be_v animal_n whether_o the_o excretion_n of_o seed_n be_v natural_a or_o animal_n handle_v two_o doubt_n to_o be_v clear_v first_o by_o what_o power_n or_o faculty_n this_o excretion_n be_v make_v by_o the_o natural_a or_o by_o the_o animal_n second_o why_o there_o be_v so_o great_a pleasure_n in_o the_o emission_n of_o seed_n both_o these_o doubt_v it_o shall_v not_o be_v hard_a to_o assoil_v yet_o because_o we_o will_v give_v the_o reader_n full_a satisfaction_n we_o will_v insist_v somewhat_o the_o more_o particular_o upon_o they_o that_o the_o excretion_n of_o seed_n be_v altogether_o natural_a may_v thus_o be_v demonstrate_v because_o every_o excrement_n be_v drive_v forth_o by_o the_o power_n of_o nature_n and_o seed_n be_v a_o excrement_n so_o 1._o that_o it_o be_v natural_a reason_n 1._o the_o menstrual_a blood_n which_o be_v a_o profitable_a excrement_n of_o the_o last_o aliment_n of_o the_o fleshy_a part_n be_v purge_v only_o by_o the_o force_n of_o nature_n at_o certain_a time_n and_o determinate_a course_n whereupon_o we_o call_v they_o course_n so_o the_o chylus_n which_o be_v the_o excrement_n of_o the_o stomach_n although_o it_o be_v profitable_a be_v thrust_v down_o into_o the_o gut_n by_o the_o ingenite_fw-la faculty_n of_o the_o same_o stomach_n only_o so_o the_o excretion_n of_o the_o excrement_n of_o the_o belly_n and_o of_o the_o bladder_n be_v mere_o natural_a moreover_o for_o the_o excretion_n of_o seed_n nature_n have_v ordain_v no_o muscle_n at_o all_o for_o there_o appear_v none_o in_o the_o spermaticall_a vessel_n nor_o in_o the_o testicle_n nor_o in_o the_o prostrate_a glandule_n happy_o you_o will_v say_v there_o be_v the_o muscle_n call_v cremestere_n which_o compress_v the_o lead_a objection_n objection_n vessel_n by_o which_o compression_n the_o seed_n be_v strain_a forth_o but_o we_o do_v not_o acknowledge_v that_o use_n of_o the_o cremaster_fw-la muscle_n because_o in_o the_o vessel_n of_o seed_n which_o be_v in_o woman_n there_o answer_n answer_n be_v no_o such_o muscle_n find_v who_o notwithstanding_o avoid_v seed_n as_o well_o as_o man_n as_o have_v be_v prove_v hereto_o may_v be_v add_v the_o authority_n of_o hypocrates_n at_o least_o of_o polybius_n in_o his_o book_n authority_n hypocrates_n authority_n de_fw-fr genitura_fw-la who_o refer_v the_o cause_n of_o excretion_n to_o the_o spumy_a or_o frothy_a nature_n of_o the_o seed_n which_o thence_o be_v turgid_a and_o not_o able_a to_o contain_v itself_o in_o his_o place_n make_v way_n for_o his_o own_o evacuation_n on_o the_o contrary_a that_o the_o excretion_n of_o seed_n be_v animal_n these_o argument_n may_v persuade_v first_o because_o neither_o while_o we_o wake_v nor_o in_o our_o sleep_n there_o be_v any_o such_o excretion_n unless_o 1._o that_o it_o be_v animal_n reason_n 1._o the_o force_n of_o the_o imagination_n go_v before_o it_o second_o because_o in_o the_o avoid_n of_o seed_n the_o leg_n and_o the_o arm_n be_v contract_v and_o the_o whole_a body_n suffer_v a_o kind_n of_o convulsion_n whereupon_o as_o we_o have_v already_o say_v democritus_n call_v coition_n a_o light_a epilepsy_n or_o fall_a sickness_n three_o because_o that_o excretion_n be_v make_v sometime_o slow_a sometime_o soon_o according_a to_o our_o arbitrary_a will_n and_o discretion_n final_o because_o it_o be_v always_o join_v with_o pleasure_n now_o pleasure_n be_v a_o affect_v of_o the_o sensative_a faculty_n which_o be_v mere_o animal_n we_o be_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n concern_v the_o ejaculation_n of_o seed_n that_o we_o be_v of_o concern_v action_n what_o we_o conclude_v of_o it_o be_v a_o mix_a action_n the_o erection_n of_o the_o yard_n to_o wit_n that_o it_o be_v a_o mix_a action_n of_o a_o natural_a and_o a_o animal_n it_o be_v animal_n because_o it_o have_v imagination_n go_v before_o and_o pleasure_v always_o accompany_v it_o it_o be_v natural_a because_o it_o be_v make_v when_o nature_n be_v provoke_v either_o by_o a_o itch_a or_o tickle_a quality_n or_o oppress_v with_o a_o burden_n of_o abundance_n and_o that_o without_o the_o help_n of_o muscle_n but_o it_o must_v be_v remember_v that_o we_o here_o speak_v of_o that_o profusion_n of_o seed_n which_o be_v natural_a reins_n the_o cause_n of_o the_o run_n of_o the_o reins_n not_o of_o that_o which_o be_v symptomatical_a which_o they_o call_v the_o gonorrhaea_n or_o run_v of_o the_o reins_n which_o 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all_o creature_n certain_a goad_n and_o provocation_n of_o lust_n and_o a_o impotent_a desire_n of_o copulation_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o several_a kind_n of_o creature_n because_o the_o individuum_fw-la or_o particular_a be_v of_o itself_o and_o by_o a_o inbred_a necessity_n dissoluble_a and_o mortal_a and_o indeed_o this_o sting_n of_o pleasure_n be_v very_o necessary_a without_o which_o man_n especial_o the_o one_o sex_n in_o scorn_n and_o detestation_n of_o so_o brutish_a and_o base_a a_o work_n the_o other_o for_o fear_n of_o pain_n and_o trouble_n will_v have_v abhor_v this_o work_n of_o nature_n the_o final_a coition_n the_o final_a cause_n of_o pleasure_n in_o coition_n cause_n therefore_o of_o this_o pleasure_n which_o be_v conceive_v in_o the_o whole_a action_n of_o copulation_n but_o especial_o in_o the_o emission_n of_o the_o seed_n be_v only_o the_o conservation_n or_o preservation_n of_o mankind_n the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o this_o pleasure_n
we_o acknowledge_v to_o be_v many_o and_o diverse_a to_o omit_v the_o rest_n we_o will_v make_v mention_n only_o of_o three_o which_o be_v the_o especial_a and_o most_o immediate_a cause_n 3._o efficient_a cause_n the_o first_o be_v the_o tickle_a of_o the_o turgid_a and_o itch_a seed_n now_o the_o seed_n be_v turgid_a that_o be_v hoven_v or_o frothy_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o impetuous_a motion_n of_o the_o spirit_n for_o seed_n without_o spirit_n such_o as_o be_v anoyd_v in_o the_o gonorrhaea_n breed_v no_o pleasure_n at_o all_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n those_o that_o abuse_v the_o use_n of_o woman_n by_o frequent_a copulation_n have_v less_o pleasure_n than_o other_o man_n because_o they_o have_v few_o spirit_n yet_o be_v not_o this_o cause_n of_o itself_o sufficient_a to_o procure_v pleasure_n such_o especial_o as_o be_v conceive_v but_o another_o cause_n be_v require_v which_o be_v the_o celerity_n or_o swiftness_n of_o the_o motion_n and_o of_o the_o excretion_n for_o as_o pain_n be_v never_o cause_v unless_o there_o be_v a_o sudden_a and_o swift_a alteration_n so_o when_o the_o seed_n issue_v by_o little_a and_o little_a or_o weep_o there_o be_v no_o pleasure_n at_o all_o final_o to_o these_o two_o be_v add_v the_o exquisite_a sense_n of_o the_o part_n of_o generation_n and_o their_o narrowness_n for_o so_o the_o part_n be_v tickle_v and_o the_o vessel_n which_o be_v distend_v return_v into_o their_o natural_a situation_n and_o constitution_n there_o be_v stir_v up_o a_o wonderful_a delight_n and_o pleasure_n but_o that_o these_o thing_n may_v be_v make_v more_o evident_a we_o will_v handle_v here_o two_o problem_n the_o first_o why_o the_o spirit_n as_o they_o pass_v through_o the_o other_o part_n vein_n artery_n first_o 2._o problem_n the_o first_o sinew_n membrane_n these_o last_o especial_o be_v of_o exquisite_a sense_n together_o with_o the_o blood_n and_o the_o humour_n do_v not_o induce_v the_o same_o pleasure_n which_o they_o do_v in_o the_o spermaticall_a organ_n haply_o it_o be_v because_o this_o kind_n of_o sensation_n by_o the_o wonderful_a providence_n of_o nature_n be_v bestow_v only_o upon_o the_o genitals_n for_o the_o conservation_n of_o the_o species_n or_o kind_n like_a as_o she_o solution_n solution_n have_v give_v only_o to_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o stomach_n the_o sense_n of_o divulsion_n and_o appetite_n or_o we_o may_v say_v that_o in_o the_o other_o vessel_n there_o be_v not_o so_o sudden_a and_o headstrong_a a_o effusion_n of_o humour_n and_o spirit_n together_o the_o other_o problem_n be_v why_o man_n and_o woman_n that_o be_v asleep_a have_v great_a pleasure_n in_o problem_n the_o second_o problem_n their_o nocturnal_a pollution_n see_v that_o in_o sleep_v the_o sensative_a faculty_n be_v all_o at_o rest_n for_o the_o philosopher_n call_v sleep_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o rest_n of_o the_o first_o sensator_fw-la we_o answer_v solution_n the_o solution_n first_o that_o the_o imagination_n in_o sleep_n be_v strong_a than_o when_o we_o be_v awake_a as_o appear_v in_o those_o that_o walk_n and_o talk_v in_o their_o sleep_n again_o in_o sleep_n the_o sense_n be_v not_o so_o drown_v in_o sencelesnesse_n but_o that_o they_o be_v rouse_v up_o by_o a_o violent_a object_n and_o therefore_o such_o awake_a if_o they_o be_v violent_o stir_v and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n such_o nightly_a pollution_n do_v awaken_v those_o who_o be_v trouble_v with_o they_o if_o you_o prick_v a_o sleep_a man_n with_o a_o needle_n even_o before_o he_o awake_v he_o gather_v up_o his_o body_n and_o if_o you_o continue_v he_o will_v awake_v though_o he_o sleep_v never_o so_o sound_o now_o the_o excretion_n of_o seed_n in_o a_o dream_n be_v indeed_o a_o very_a strong_a object_n to_o the_o spermaticall_a part_n these_o therefore_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o pleasure_n in_o the_o excretion_n or_o avoid_n pleasure_n whether_o man_n or_o woman_n have_v great_a pleasure_n of_o seed_n but_o whether_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o man_n or_o of_o the_o woman_n be_v the_o great_a it_o will_v be_v a_o vain_a and_o fruitless_a disquisition_n to_o inquire_v indeed_o the_o woman_n conceive_v pleasure_n more_o way_n that_o be_v in_o the_o avoid_n of_o her_o own_o seed_n and_o also_o in_o the_o attraction_n of_o the_o man_n for_o which_o cause_n the_o tyresian_a priest_n who_o have_v experience_n of_o both_o sex_n prefer_v answer_n the_o answer_n the_o woman_n in_o this_o kind_n but_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o man_n be_v more_o intense_a partly_o because_o his_o seed_n be_v more_o hot_a and_o spirituous_a &_o partly_o also_o because_o it_o yssu_v with_o great_a violence_n and_o with_o a_o kind_n of_o almain_n leap_n or_o subsultation_n and_o thus_o much_o concern_v the_o first_o principle_n of_o generation_n that_o be_v the_o seed_n of_o both_o sex_n now_o we_o come_v to_o the_o second_o principle_n which_o be_v the_o mother_n blood_n qvest._n viii_o whether_o the_o menstrual_a blood_n have_v any_o noxious_a or_o hurtful_a quality_n therein_o concern_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o menstrual_a blood_n there_o have_v be_v and_o yet_o be_v so_o hard_a hold_n and_o so_o many_o opinion_n even_o among_o physician_n themselves_o that_o it_o be_v a_o shame_n to_o make_v mention_n of_o all_o their_o difference_n much_o more_o to_o insist_v upon_o they_o but_o because_o we_o will_v pretermit_v nothing_o that_o be_v worthy_a of_o your_o knowledge_n we_o will_v insist_v upon_o the_o chief_a head_n of_o the_o controversy_n the_o first_o of_o which_o shall_v be_v concern_v the_o matter_n of_o the_o course_n all_o man_n do_v agree_v that_o this_o blood_n be_v a_o excrement_n for_o like_o a_o superfluity_n it_o be_v every_o month_n course_n of_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o course_n drive_v forth_o of_o the_o womb_n but_o because_o there_o be_v two_o kind_n of_o excrement_n the_o one_o natural_a and_o profitable_a the_o other_o altogether_o unprofitable_a and_o unnatural_a we_o must_v inquire_v of_o which_o kind_n this_o menstrual_a blood_n be_v that_o it_o be_v a_o unprofitable_a excrement_n and_o of_o a_o noxious_a or_o hurtful_a quality_n may_v be_v prove_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o famous_a learned_a man_n as_o also_o by_o strong_a reason_n hypocrates_n in_o his_o authority_n that_o it_o be_v ill_o quality_v hypocrates_n authority_n first_o book_n de_fw-fr morbis_fw-la mulierum_fw-la express_v the_o malignant_a quality_n thereof_o in_o these_o word_n it_o fret_v the_o earth_n like_o vinegar_n and_o gnaw_v the_o body_n of_o the_o woman_n wheresoever_o it_o light_v and_o ulcerate_v the_o part_n of_o generation_n aristotle_n in_o the_o 19_o chapter_n of_o his_o four_o book_n de_fw-fr natura_fw-la galen_n aristotle_n galen_n animalium_fw-la write_v that_o that_o kind_a of_o blood_n be_v disease_v and_o vitiate_a galen_n in_o the_o eight_o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr atra_fw-la boil_n say_v that_o every_o month_n a_o superfluous_a portion_n of_o blood_n unprofitable_a not_o only_o in_o quantity_n but_o also_o in_o quality_n be_v avoid_v moses_n that_o great_a lawgiver_n as_o we_o read_v in_o holy_a scripture_n make_v a_o edict_n that_o no_o menstruous_a woman_n shall_v come_v moses_n moses_n into_o the_o sanctuary_n let_v she_o touch_v no_o holy_a thing_n nor_o enter_v into_o the_o sanctuary_n whilst_o the_o day_n of_o her_o purgation_n be_v fulfil_v by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o zabri_n those_o woman_n that_o have_v their_o course_n zabri_n the_o law_n of_o the_o zabri_n be_v interdict_v the_o company_n and_o society_n of_o man_n and_o the_o place_n where_o she_o do_v stand_v be_v cleanse_v by_o fire_n hesiodus_n forbid_v that_o any_o man_n shall_v frequent_v those_o bath_n where_o menstruous_a woman_n have_v bathe_v themselves_o pliny_n also_o in_o the_o 28._o chapter_n of_o his_o 7._o book_n pliny_n pliny_n &_o columella_n do_v think_v that_o this_o blood_n be_v not_o only_o vicious_a but_o poisonous_a for_o by_o the_o touch_n thereof_o the_o young_a vine_n do_v wither_v the_o bud_n of_o herb_n be_v burn_v up_o yea_o glass_n be_v infect_v columella_n columella_n with_o a_o kind_n of_o tabes_fw-la if_o a_o dog_n lick_v of_o it_o he_o will_v run_v mad_a and_o wanton_a woman_n be_v wont_a experience_n reason_n and_o experience_n to_o bewitch_v their_o lover_n with_o this_o blood_n whence_o outd_v call_v it_o lunare_fw-la virus_fw-la the_o moon_n poison_n wherefore_o it_o be_v not_o only_o superfluous_a in_o quantity_n but_o in_o the_o whole_a quality_n a_o noisome_a excrement_n this_o poisonous_a quality_n thereof_o woman_n have_v daily_a and_o lamentable_a experience_n of_o in_o their_o own_o body_n for_o if_o it_o be_v suppress_v it_o be_v a_o wonder_n to_o see_v what_o horrible_a and_o how_o many_o symptom_n do_v arise_v therefrom_o if_o say_v hypocrates_n in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr morbis_fw-la mulierum_fw-la it_o be_v stable_v without_o the_o womb_n it_o engender_v inflammation_n cancer_n
many_o do_v wonder_n why_o see_v all_o day_n why_o it_o be_v not_o purge_v every_o day_n other_o excrement_n be_v evacuate_v every_o day_n this_o blood_n which_o be_v the_o excrement_n of_o the_o last_o aliment_n shall_v be_v avoid_v but_o once_o in_o a_o month_n the_o thick_a excrement_n of_o the_o first_o concoction_n as_o they_o be_v daily_o generate_v so_o they_o be_v daily_o avoid_v the_o choler_n be_v every_o day_n thrust_v out_o of_o the_o liver_n into_o the_o bladder_n of_o the_o gall_n and_o thence_o into_o the_o duodenum_fw-la the_o urine_n be_v daily_o transcolate_v from_o the_o kidney_n unto_o the_o bladder_n of_o urine_n so_o likewise_o the_o excrement_n of_o the_o three_o concoction_n ay_o those_o of_o the_o habit_n of_o the_o body_n be_v spend_v by_o sweat_v breathe_a &_o insensible_a transpiration_n by_o the_o hair_n and_o the_o soil_n of_o the_o skin_n those_o of_o the_o brain_n by_o the_o palate_n by_o the_o nostril_n the_o ear_n and_o the_o eye_n those_o of_o the_o chest_n by_o cough_v why_o therefore_o be_v not_o the_o menstrual_a blood_n every_o day_n evacuate_v see_v it_o have_v a_o continual_a generation_n this_o i_o think_v be_v to_o be_v attribute_v only_o to_o the_o singular_a providence_n of_o nature_n and_o to_o the_o final_a cause_n the_o most_o excellent_a of_o all_o the_o rest_n for_o if_o the_o blood_n be_v every_o day_n purge_v away_o reason_n the_o true_a reason_n by_o the_o womb_n then_o can_v woman_n never_o conceive_v with_o child_n neither_o yet_o any_o man_n have_v due_a and_o comfortable_a use_n of_o a_o woman_n first_o conception_n will_v be_v hinder_v because_o the_o seed_n pour_v out_o into_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o womb_n will_v either_o fall_v back_o or_o be_v extinguish_v the_o coat_n of_o the_o womb_n be_v irrigate_v moisten_v and_o as_o it_o be_v inebriate_v or_o make_v drink_v by_o the_o daily_a affluence_n of_o the_o blood_n so_o say_v hypocrates_n in_o the_o 62_o aphorism_n of_o the_o first_o section_n those_o woman_n that_o have_v moist_a womb_n do_v not_o conceive_v because_o their_o geniture_n be_v extinguish_v beside_o what_o pleasure_n or_o contentment_n can_v any_o man_n find_v in_o a_o wife_n so_o lothsom_o defile_v and_o that_o perpetual_o it_o be_v not_o therefore_o fit_a for_o the_o accomplishment_n of_o the_o intention_n of_o nature_n that_o a_o woman_n blood_n shall_v issue_v every_o day_n but_o only_o at_o certain_a and_o definite_a time_n and_o circuit_n to_o wit_n once_o every_o month_n but_o why_o this_o excretion_n shall_v be_v make_v every_o month_n no_o often_o nor_o more_o seldom_o be_v month_n why_o it_o be_v purge_v every_o month_n a_o great_a question_n and_o i_o assure_v you_o very_o full_a of_o difficulty_n aristotle_n in_o the_o 2._o and_o 4._o the_o generatione_n animalium_fw-la refer_v the_o reason_n of_o this_o periodicall_a or_o certain_a evacuation_n to_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o moon_n and_o say_v that_o when_o the_o moon_n be_v in_o the_o wane_n woman_n course_n do_v especial_a opinion_n aristo_n opinion_n flow_v because_o at_o that_o time_n the_o aer_fw-la be_v cold_a and_o moist_a from_o whence_o come_v the_o increase_n and_o abundance_n of_o that_o cold_a and_o crude_a humour_n but_o aristotle_n be_v by_o some_o herein_o reprehend_v because_o in_o the_o full_a of_o the_o moon_n all_o thing_n be_v most_o moist_a as_o appear_v by_o shelfish_n oyster_n and_o such_o like_a the_o peripatetike_n answer_v that_o there_o be_v a_o double_a humidity_n one_o vivisicall_a or_o lively_a the_o other_o excrementitious_a the_o first_o be_v increase_v in_o the_o full_a of_o the_o moon_n because_o then_o there_o be_v more_o light_n the_o second_o be_v increase_v in_o the_o wane_n because_o then_o the_o aer_fw-la be_v cold_o now_o menstrual_a blood_n be_v generate_v by_o a_o weak_a heat_n the_o arabian_n think_v there_o be_v diverse_a time_n of_o this_o purgation_n according_a to_o the_o diversity_n opinion_n the_o arabian_n opinion_n of_o woman_n age_n young_a woman_n say_v they_o be_v purge_v in_o the_o new_a moon_n and_o old_a woman_n in_o the_o old_a moon_n whence_o come_v that_o common_a verse_n luna_fw-la vetus_fw-la vetulas_fw-la invenes_n nova_fw-la luna_fw-la repurgat_fw-la young_a woman_n in_o the_o new_a moon_n purge_v old_a woman_n in_o the_o wane_n some_o there_o be_v who_o refer_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o circuit_n and_o monthly_a evacuation_n to_o the_o propriety_n of_o the_o month_n as_o if_o the_o month_n have_v a_o peculiar_a power_n to_o purge_v the_o course_n as_o the_o day_n have_v to_o purge_v the_o ordinary_a excrement_n and_o for_o this_o we_o may_v allege_v a_o notable_a testimony_n of_o hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr septimestri_fw-la partu_fw-la where_o he_o say_v in_o the_o month_n the_o same_o hypocrates_n a_o strange_a place_n in_o hypocrates_n thing_n be_v do_v by_o certain_a and_o right_a reason_n which_o be_v do_v in_o day_n for_o every_o month_n hail_n woman_n have_v their_o course_n as_o if_o the_o month_n have_v a_o peculiar_a power_n and_o efficacy_n in_o their_o body_n we_o must_v needs_o acknowledge_v that_o the_o moon_n have_v great_a power_n over_o inferior_a body_n but_o that_o the_o sole_a cause_n of_o the_o critical_a day_n and_o of_o this_o menstrual_a evacuation_n shall_v be_v refer_v to_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o moon_n i_o can_v never_o yet_o persuade_v myself_o that_o many_o thing_n be_v dispense_v by_o number_n and_o by_o month_n i_o do_v not_o deny_v but_o to_o attribute_v any_o operative_a power_n to_o quantity_n and_o to_o number_n as_o it_o be_v number_n i_o think_v be_v unworthy_a upon_o what_o we_o resolve_v upon_o of_o a_o philosopher_n it_o be_v more_o wisdom_n to_o refer_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o periodicall_a evacuation_n to_o the_o determinate_a motion_n and_o establish_a law_n of_o nature_n to_o we_o unknown_a which_o yet_o she_o never_o break_v or_o abrogate_v but_o keep_v immutable_a and_o inviolable_a unless_o she_o be_v either_o provoke_v or_o hinder_v for_o when_o she_o be_v provoke_v she_o antivert_v or_o hasten_v the_o excretion_n avoid_v the_o blood_n before_o her_o own_o time_n so_o whereas_o the_o seven_o day_n be_v only_o provoke_v how_o nature_n be_v provoke_v true_o critical_a yet_o nature_n indevour_v vacuation_n sometime_o in_o the_o day_n between_o yea_o &_o accomplish_v they_o because_o of_o some_o provocation_n come_v from_o without_o that_o be_v beside_o her_o own_o lawful_a contention_n again_o be_v hinder_v either_o by_o the_o narrowness_n of_o the_o passage_n or_o by_o the_o thickness_n of_o the_o humour_n she_o oftentimes_o procrastinate_v and_o delay_v hinder_v how_o hinder_v their_o accustom_a evacuation_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o in_o some_o woman_n the_o course_n flow_v twice_o in_o a_o month_n in_o some_o scarce_o before_o every_o forty_o day_n but_o why_o the_o blood_n shall_v flow_v from_o the_o womb_n rather_o once_o every_o month_n then_o twice_o or_o why_o the_o seven_o day_n shall_v rather_o be_v critical_a than_o the_o six_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v above_o the_o capacity_n of_o humane_a wit_n hypocrates_n very_o promise_v in_o the_o end_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr principiis_fw-la to_o make_v manifest_a the_o necessity_n of_o nature_n why_o she_o dispense_v all_o thing_n in_o the_o seven_o day_n but_o i_o think_v he_o be_v dissuade_v promise_n hypocrates_n promise_n by_o the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o business_n and_o therefore_o no_o where_n perform_v that_o promise_n wherefore_o see_v he_o that_o best_o can_v dare_v not_o adventure_v upon_o it_o we_o will_v also_o ingenuous_o keep_v not_o keep_v confess_v our_o ignorance_n and_o rank_n these_o secret_n among_o those_o mystery_n of_o nature_n which_o she_o reserve_v only_o to_o herself_o to_o teach_v we_o not_o only_o in_o this_o but_o in_o other_o thing_n to_o observe_v her_o administration_n the_o better_a and_o to_o suspect_v our_o own_o weakness_n for_o we_o see_v that_o in_o the_o most_o abject_a and_o base_a thing_n of_o the_o world_n there_o be_v some_o secret_n of_o nature_n whereof_o either_o we_o be_v know_v all_o secret_n of_o nature_n not_o to_o be_v know_v not_o at_o all_o capable_a or_o not_o yet_o sufficient_o instruct_v and_o thus_o much_o concern_v that_o other_o principle_n of_o generation_n the_o mother_n blood_n now_o it_o follow_v that_o we_o come_v unto_o the_o conception_n wherein_o also_o we_o shall_v find_v some_o difficulty_n worthy_a the_o discuss_n qvest._n xi_o whether_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o conception_n that_o the_o seed_n of_o both_o sex_n shall_v issue_v together_o and_o that_o with_o pleasure_n and_o be_v present_o mingle_v we_o have_v already_o prove_v that_o both_o the_o seed_n as_o well_o the_o father_n as_o the_o mother_n be_v require_v in_o a_o perfect_a generation_n but_o whether_o they_o ought_v both_o at_o ejaculation_n auerrhoes_n opinion_n of_o the_o ejaculation_n once_o to_o be_v
of_o the_o infant_n by_o seaven_n diocles_n strabo_n &_o diocles_n and_o seven_n allude_v to_o that_o majesty_n of_o the_o septinary_a number_n which_o plato_n conceive_v it_o to_o carry_v in_o it_o other_o think_v that_o 45_o day_n be_v the_o utmost_a limit_n of_o conformation_n for_o six_o day_n they_o ascribe_v spumificationi_fw-la to_o the_o froth_v of_o it_o four_o lineationi_fw-la to_o the_o delineation_n eight_o to_o the_o repletion_n of_o the_o line_n fourteen_o carnificationi_fw-la to_o the_o generation_n of_o flesh_n final_o thirteen_o afformationi_fw-la to_o the_o accomplishment_n the_o least_o time_n of_o this_o process_n of_o nature_n be_v thirty_o day_n six_o for_o spumification_n two_o for_o delineation_n four_o for_o repletion_n or_o fill_v of_o the_o line_n nine_o for_o carnification_n and_o as_o many_o for_o afformation_n other_o thus_o in_o verse_n sex_n sunt_fw-la in_o lacte_fw-la dies_fw-la ter_z sunt_fw-la in_o sanguine_fw-la terni_fw-la bis_n seni_fw-la carnem_fw-la ter_z seni_fw-la membra_fw-la figurant_fw-la six_o day_n it_o be_v in_o milk_n in_o blood_n three_o thrice_o account_v twelve_o figurate_a the_o flesh_n member_n six_o thrice_o amount_v hypocrates_n much_o more_o divine_o and_o distinct_o male_n be_v form_v at_o the_o uttermost_a the_o womb_n hypocrates_n why_o the_o male_a be_v soon_o form_v in_o the_o womb_n 30._o day_n and_o female_n the_o forty_o or_o the_o 42._o now_o the_o reason_n why_o a_o man_n child_n be_v soon_o form_v in_o the_o womb_n than_o a_o woman_n and_o yet_o a_o woman_n out_o of_o the_o womb_n soon_o come_v to_o perfection_n then_o a_o man_n be_v indeed_o worth_a the_o search_n this_o hypocrates_n have_v leave_v we_o in_o the_o second_o section_n of_o his_o sixth_o book_n epidemiωn_o mass_fw-es concrevit_fw-la coaluitque_fw-la citius_fw-la ubi_fw-la motus_fw-la est_fw-la conquiescit_fw-la &_o tardin_n augescit_fw-la longioreque_fw-la tempore_fw-la a_o male_a gather_v soon_o and_o be_v soon_o articulate_v after_o he_o move_v he_o stint_v his_o motion_n and_o grow_v more_o slow_o and_o in_o a_o long_a time_n the_o same_o also_o he_o have_v in_o the_o three_o section_n of_o the_o three_o book_n epidemiωn_n that_o which_o move_v soon_o and_o be_v soon_o articulate_v be_v long_o increase_v in_o his_o growth_n the_o demonstration_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o be_v to_o be_v fetch_v also_o from_o hypocrates_n the_o manchild_n be_v soon_o form_v in_o the_o womb_n because_o he_o be_v hot_a for_o conformation_n be_v the_o work_n of_o heat_n and_o in_o the_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr diaeta_fw-la males_n be_v generate_v of_o hot_a seed_n female_n of_o cold_o and_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr natura_fw-la pveri_fw-la in_o express_a word_n this_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o a_o female_a be_v form_v and_o articulate_v late_a than_o a_o male_a because_o the_o seed_n of_o the_o one_o be_v moist_a and_o weak_a than_o the_o seed_n of_o the_o other_o add_v hereto_o the_o nature_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o place_n for_o male_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v generate_v in_o the_o right_a side_n female_n in_o the_o left_a as_o appeareth_z in_o the_o 48._o aphorism_n of_o the_o first_o section_n now_o the_o right_a side_n be_v hot_a than_o the_o left_a but_o why_o the_o female_a out_o of_o the_o womb_n be_v soon_o perfect_v we_o must_v seek_v for_o a_o demonstration_n out_o of_o aristotle_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr ortu_fw-la adinteritu_fw-la the_o time_n of_o perfection_n and_o imperfection_n reason_n why_o the_o female_a be_v soon_o perfect_v out_o of_o the_o womb_n aristotle_n reason_n ought_v to_o be_v proportionable_o answerable_a one_o to_o another_o corruption_n be_v a_o imperfection_n but_o accretion_n and_o generation_n be_v account_v kind_n of_o perfection_n whatsoever_o soon_o perish_v attayn_v also_o soon_o his_o perfection_n so_o a_o acute_a and_o short_a disease_n run_v sudden_o through_o all_o his_o four_o time_n and_o come_v soon_o to_o his_o height_n or_o pitch_n then_o a_o chronicall_a or_o long_a disease_n now_o for_o the_o most_o part_n and_o general_o woman_n die_v soon_o than_o man_n as_o be_v of_o a_o short_a life_n because_o the_o principle_n of_o their_o life_n be_v weak_a and_o therefore_o they_o also_o do_v soon_o attain_v the_o perfection_n of_o their_o life_n to_o this_o we_o may_v add_v the_o softness_n of_o their_o body_n which_o make_v they_o more_o apt_a for_o extension_n hypocrates_n who_o be_v ignorant_a of_o nothing_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr septimestripartu_fw-la express_v this_o brief_o and_o plain_o in_o these_o word_n after_o female_n be_v separate_v from_o their_o mother_n that_o be_v be_v bear_v they_o cotton_n soon_o than_o man_n grow_v soon_o wise_a and_o soon_o old_a as_o well_o because_o of_o hypocrates_n a_o double_a reason_n assign_v by_o hypocrates_n the_o weakness_n of_o their_o body_n as_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o life_n he_o therefore_o acknowledge_v a_o double_a cause_n the_o first_o be_v weakness_n so_o that_o that_o which_o in_o the_o womb_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o their_o flower_n conformation_n and_o motion_n the_o same_o be_v the_o cause_n out_o of_o the_o womb_n of_o their_o more_o sudden_a &_o accelerate_a perfection_n for_o a_o female_a be_v a_o thing_n more_o imperfect_a than_o a_o male_a and_o have_v her_o end_n near_o than_o he_o and_o therefore_o need_v not_o so_o long_a a_o work_n of_o nature_n the_o other_o cause_n be_v the_o manner_n of_o their_o diet_n and_o course_n of_o life_n for_o their_o life_n be_v idle_o lead_v in_o want_n of_o exercise_n now_o slothfulness_n say_v celsus_n dull_v the_o body_n labour_n strengthen_v it_o the_o first_o maturate_v celsus_n celsus_n or_o hasten_v old_a age_n the_o second_o prolong_v youth_n nether_a say_v hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr victus_fw-la ratione_fw-la in_o morbis_fw-la acutis_fw-la can_v a_o man_n enjoy_v perfect_a health_n unless_o he_o labour_v his_o hypocrates_n hypocrates_n body_n and_o take_v pain_n and_o in_o the_o four_o section_n of_o the_o sixth_o book_n epidemiωn_o the_o best_a way_n to_o maintain_v health_n be_v to_o eat_v under_o satiety_n and_o to_o be_v free_a and_o diligent_a at_o labour_n qvest._n xx._n whence_o it_o come_v that_o child_n be_v like_o their_o parent_n as_o among_o philosopher_n there_o be_v a_o threefold_a form_n of_o every_o creature_n the_o first_o form_n a_o threefold_a form_n specifical_a the_o second_o of_o the_o sex_n and_o the_o three_o of_o the_o individuum_fw-la or_o particular_a by_o which_o it_o be_v that_o &_o no_o other_o thing_n so_o among_o physician_n there_o be_v a_o threefold_a similitude_n a_o threefold_a similitude_n similitude_n the_o first_o in_o specie_fw-la i._o in_o the_o kind_n the_o second_o the_o sex_n the_o three_o in_o the_o fashion_n or_o feature_n or_o individual_a figure_n the_o similitude_n of_o the_o kind_n they_o call_v that_o when_o a_o creature_n of_o the_o same_o kind_n be_v procreate_v species_n what_o be_v the_o similitude_n of_o the_o species_n as_o a_o man_n of_o a_o man_n a_o dog_n of_o a_o dog_n for_o every_o thing_n work_v not_o upon_o every_o thing_n neither_o do_v every_o thing_n suffer_v by_o every_o thing_n but_o every_o agent_n work_v upon_o his_o determinate_a patient_n and_o therefore_o of_o the_o seed_n and_o blood_n of_o a_o man_n only_o a_o man_n be_v make_v in_o this_o specifical_a similitude_n there_o be_v much_o attribute_v to_o the_o material_a cause_n and_o that_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o the_o offspring_n be_v universal_o like_a to_o the_o female_a then_o to_o the_o male_a for_o the_o female_a afford_v more_o matter_n to_o the_o generation_n than_o the_o male_a so_o of_o a_o she_o goat_n and_o a_o ram_n be_v generate_v a_o kid_n not_o a_o lamb_n of_o a_o sheep_n and_o a_o he_o goat_n a_o lamb_n not_o a_o kid._n whence_o what_o be_v the_o similitude_n of_o the_o sex_n and_o whence_o the_o similitude_n of_o the_o sex_n that_o be_v why_o a_o male_a or_o female_n be_v generate_v have_v for_o cause_v the_o temper_n of_o the_o seed_n his_o mixture_n and_o victory_n for_o if_o the_o seed_n of_o both_o parent_n be_v very_o hot_a male_n be_v generate_v if_o very_o cold_a female_n if_o in_o the_o permixtion_n of_o the_o seed_n the_o male_a seed_n have_v the_o upper_a hand_n a_o male_n be_v procreate_v if_o the_o female_a seed_n a_o female_a this_o first_o of_o all_o hypocrates_n teach_v in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr diaeta_fw-la where_o he_o acknowledge_v in_o either_o sex_n a_o double_a seed_n the_o one_o masculine_a hot_a and_o strong_a the_o other_o feminine_a that_o be_v cold_a out_o of_o the_o diverse_a permixtion_n of_o which_o both_o male_n and_o female_n be_v generate_v he_o therefore_o thus_o distinguish_v a_o threefold_a generation_n of_o male_n and_o female_n if_o both_o of_o a_o threefold_a generation_n of_o male_n out_o of_o the_o parent_n yield_v a_o masculine_a seed_n they_o breed_v
be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o similitude_n than_o no_o infant_n shall_v be_v deform_v neither_o shall_v they_o be_v trouble_v with_o hereditary_a disease_n for_o no_o mother_n wish_v or_o imagine_v evil_a to_o her_o own_o child_n the_o astrologian_n refer_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o similitude_n to_o the_o star_n for_o say_v they_o as_o often_o as_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o horoscope_n astrologian_n the_o astrologian_n and_o the_o conception_n be_v in_o the_o day_n time_n so_o often_o be_v son_n beget_v like_o their_o father_n and_o daughter_n like_o their_o mother_n when_o the_o moon_n be_v with_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o horoscope_n if_o the_o conception_n be_v by_o night_n or_o when_o venus_n be_v with_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o horoscope_n if_o the_o conception_n be_v by_o day_n but_o these_o be_v mere_a vanity_n there_o be_v other_o who_o refer_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o likeness_n only_o to_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o seed_n seed_n their_o opinion_n that_o refer_v it_o to_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o seed_n and_o to_o the_o formative_a faculty_n and_o this_o be_v aristotle_n opinion_n in_o his_o 4._o book_n de_fw-fr generatione_n animalium_fw-la and_o galen_n in_o his_o 2._o book_n de_fw-fr semine_fw-la aristotle_n philosophy_n concern_v this_o point_n be_v indeed_o very_o witty_a &_o excellent_a but_o withal_o very_o obscure_a for_o he_o say_v that_o there_o be_v in_o the_o seed_n many_o motion_n some_o be_v actual_a philosophy_n aristotle_n subtle_a philosophy_n some_o potential_a the_o actual_a motion_n be_v either_o universal_a or_o particular_a universal_a which_o generate_v a_o creature_n or_o a_o man_n particular_a which_o generate_v male_n &_o those_o such_o that_o be_v of_o such_o a_o form_n magnitude_n of_o member_n lineament_n &_o habit._n those_o motion_n which_o be_v potential_o in_o the_o seed_n do_v proceed_v from_o the_o grandfather_n great_a grandfather_n and_o the_o mother_n if_o one_o of_o these_o motion_n to_o wit_n that_o which_o be_v near_a and_o most_o particular_a be_v intercept_v then_o be_v transition_n make_v into_o the_o next_o motion_n and_o if_o that_o be_v deficient_a transition_n be_v make_v into_o the_o contrary_a and_o at_o length_n into_o the_o universal_a these_o distinction_n of_o motion_n which_o i_o doubt_v not_o seem_v unto_o you_o confuse_a and_o entangle_v we_o will_v make_v more_o manifest_a by_o instance_n make_a plain_a by_o a_o instance_n a_o example_n in_o the_o seed_n of_o socrates_n there_o be_v a_o power_n to_o beget_v a_o male_a child_n like_a unto_o himself_o the_o seed_n therefore_o be_v move_v towards_o the_o form_n of_o socrates_n this_o motion_n if_o it_o be_v hinder_v either_o by_o the_o seed_n of_o his_o wife_n which_o happy_o be_v strong_a than_o he_o or_o by_o the_o coldness_n of_o the_o womb_n or_o by_o any_o other_o cause_n then_o be_v that_o first_o motion_n of_o the_o father_n dissolve_v &_o lose_v which_o be_v actual_o in_o socrates_n and_o transition_n be_v make_v into_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o grandfather_n or_o great_a grandfather_n which_o be_v not_o in_o the_o seed_n of_o socrates_n actual_o but_o potential_o &_o so_o the_o child_n become_v like_o socrates_n father_n or_o his_o grandfather_n if_o this_o second_o motion_n be_v interrupt_v then_o be_v transition_n make_v into_o a_o contrary_a motion_n that_o be_v into_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o seed_n of_o the_o mother_n which_o aristotle_n call_v contrary_a because_o nature_n at_o the_o first_o hand_n and_o of_o herself_o ever_o intend_v the_o generation_n of_o a_o male._n whereforei_n n_o the_o stead_n of_o a_o male_n shall_v then_o a_o female_a be_v procreate_v like_o unto_o the_o mother_n or_o the_o grandmother_n or_o great_a grandmother_n who_o effigy_n or_o representation_n the_o seed_n of_o the_o woman_n potential_o contain_v this_o three_o motion_n if_o it_o be_v intercept_v final_o there_o be_v transition_n into_o a_o universal_a motion_n and_o a_o man_n opinion_n galens_n opinion_n shall_v be_v bear_v indeed_o but_o like_o neither_o father_n nor_o mother_n galen_n in_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr semine_fw-la do_v not_o acknowledge_v these_o so_o diverse_a motion_n of_o the_o seed_n but_o refer_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o similitude_n to_o the_o temper_n of_o the_o seed_n and_o the_o diverse_a permixtion_n thereof_o as_o also_o to_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o formative_a faculty_n that_o learned_a man_n opinion_n erastus_n opinion_n erastus_n refer_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o individual_a similitude_n only_o to_o the_o formative_a faculty_n quite_o exclude_v the_o power_n of_o the_o imagination_n because_o he_o perceive_v that_o blind_a creature_n bring_v forth_o young_a like_o unto_o their_o sire_n the_o formative_a faculty_n say_v he_o have_v no_o need_n of_o a_o pattern_n for_o as_o in_o the_o seed_n of_o lettuce_n that_o faculty_n be_v therein_o generate_v and_o form_v a_o lettuce_n without_o a_o pattern_n so_o in_o the_o 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extraordinary_a which_o do_v not_o always_o concur_v to_o generation_n but_o come_v from_o without_o &_o be_v more_o noble_a than_o the_o former_a because_o it_o have_v power_n over_o it_o now_o and_o then_o and_o set_v a_o new_a seal_n upon_o the_o tender_a and_o soft_a nature_n of_o the_o child_n and_o this_o we_o call_v imagination_n or_o cogitation_n that_o first_o form_v faculty_n because_o it_o contain_v in_o itself_o the_o idea_n of_o all_o the_o particular_a part_n if_o it_o work_v free_o and_o at_o liberty_n and_o be_v not_o interrupt_v by_o any_o thing_n in_o the_o whole_a time_n do_v what_o the_o formative_a faculty_n can_v do_v of_o the_o conformation_n as_o it_o happen_v in_o other_o creature_n and_o in_o plant_n it_o ever_o more_o set_v that_o stamp_n upon_o the_o infant_n which_o be_v in_o the_o seed_n itself_o and_o so_o the_o child_n become_v always_o like_a unto_o their_o parent_n whole_o to_o the_o father_n if_o the_o father_n seed_n do_v always_o and_o total_o 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from_o one_o seed_n to_o another_o so_o helis_n who_o accompany_v with_o a_o aethiopian_a do_v not_o bring_v forth_o a_o black_a daughter_n but_o yet_o that_o daughter_n of_o she_o bring_v forth_o a_o black_a son_n and_o nicaeus_n the_o history_n history_n poet_n of_o constantinople_n though_o beget_v of_o white_a parent_n do_v degenerate_a into_o the_o colour_n of_o his_o grandfather_n who_o be_v a_o aethiopian_a if_o therefore_o the_o formative_a faculty_n work_v at_o liberty_n it_o will_v always_o generate_v child_n like_o the_o parent_n but_o if_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o conformation_n the_o formative_a faculty_n be_v hinder_v by_o another_o which_o be_v more_o powerful_a and_o divine_a then_o itself_o such_o as_o be_v the_o imagination_n then_o will_v the_o impression_n follow_v not_o the_o weak_a but_o the_o strong_a and_o so_o the_o infant_n will_v become_v similitude_n what_o the_o imagination_n can_v do_v in_o this_o similitude_n unlike_o the_o parent_n for_o
be_v to_o discuss_v three_o question_n the_o first_o whether_o at_o the_o same_o coition_n a_o male_a and_o a_o female_a may_v be_v procreate_v second_o whether_o twin_n be_v include_v within_o the_o same_o membrane_n and_o contain_v in_o diverse_a place_n last_o why_o twin_n be_v common_o so_o like_o one_o another_o and_o all_o these_o we_o will_v resolve_v out_o of_o hypocrates_n for_o the_o first_o we_o say_v that_o at_o once_o two_o male_n two_o conceive_v whether_o in_o one_o coition_n a_o male_a and_o a_o female_a may_v be_v conceive_v female_n a_o male_a and_o a_o female_a may_v be_v conceive_v at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o coition_n the_o manner_n be_v thus_o express_v by_o hypocrates_n in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr diaeta_fw-la and_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr natura_fw-la pveri_fw-la if_o from_o both_o parent_n masculine_a seed_n do_v issue_n then_o be_v two_o male_n generate_v if_o feminine_a seed_n two_o female_n if_o both_o masculine_a and_o feminine_a then_o of_o the_o masculine_a be_v a_o male_n conceive_v and_o a_o female_a of_o the_o feminine_a moreover_o twin_n that_o be_v both_o male_n or_o both_o female_n do_v for_o the_o most_o part_n suruive_v but_o if_o they_o prove_v a_o male_a and_o a_o female_a the_o female_a do_v scarce_o suruive_v or_o at_o least_o be_v very_o weak_a because_o it_o be_v not_o form_v and_o perfect_v at_o the_o same_o time_n wherein_o the_o male_a be_v form_v and_o perfect_v this_o aristotle_n express_v very_o plain_o in_o the_o sixth_o chapter_n of_o his_o four_o book_n de_fw-fr generatione_n animalium_fw-la if_o the_o twin_n be_v a_o male_a and_o a_o female_a they_o rare_o suruive_v because_o this_o duplication_n in_o man_n be_v unnatural_a for_o that_o the_o male_a &_o the_o female_a be_v not_o distinguish_v in_o the_o same_o time_n unless_o the_o male_n conformation_n be_v foreslow_v or_o the_o female_n overhastn_v the_o second_o question_n hypocrates_n answer_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr superfoetatione_n the_o woman_n say_v he_o that_o be_v with_o child_n with_o twin_n travel_v of_o they_o both_o in_o one_o day_n and_o if_o they_o be_v both_o of_o one_o sex_n they_o be_v contain_v in_o one_o after_o birth_n wherefore_o the_o twin_n of_o the_o same_o sex_n be_v wrap_v in_o the_o same_o membrane_n yet_o each_o of_o they_o have_v their_o particular_a umbilicall_a vessel_n but_o if_o they_o be_v of_o diverse_a sex_n they_o have_v their_o diverse_a coat_n again_o if_o they_o be_v both_o of_o one_o sex_n they_o be_v carry_v in_o the_o same_o side_n of_o the_o womb_n two_o boy_n in_o the_o right_a side_n and_o two_o wench_n in_o the_o left_a but_o if_o they_o be_v of_o different_a sex_n the_o male_a shall_v be_v conclude_v in_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o womb_n and_o the_o female_a in_o the_o left_a the_o three_o question_n be_v why_o twin_n be_v so_o very_a like_o one_o another_o hypocrates_n in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr diaeta_fw-la acknowledge_v a_o threefould_a cause_n of_o this_o similitude_n first_o of_o all_o say_v he_o the_o place_n wherein_o they_o receive_v their_o augmentation_n be_v equal_a whether_o they_o be_v conceive_v in_o the_o right_n or_o in_o the_o left_a side_n of_o the_o womb_n because_o by_o a_o wonderful_a providence_n of_o nature_n the_o right_a be_v equal_a to_o the_o left_a that_o so_o the_o whole_a body_n may_v be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v equal_o balance_v again_o because_o they_o be_v conceive_v together_o last_o because_o they_o use_v the_o same_o aliment_n for_o they_o suck_v the_o same_o blood_n and_o enjoy_v the_o same_o vital_a spirit_n which_o they_o draw_v from_o their_o mother_n by_o the_o umbilicall_a artery_n and_o thus_o much_o of_o twin_n now_o we_o proceed_v to_o superfoetation_n qvest._n xxii_o how_o superfoetation_n be_v make_v why_o only_o a_o woman_n when_o she_o have_v conceive_v desire_v the_o company_n of_o the_o male_a and_o by_o what_o way_n she_o then_o elaculate_v seed_n there_o be_v so_o many_o difficulty_n concern_v the_o nature_n and_o manner_n of_o superfoetation_n that_o many_o man_n have_v imagine_v there_o can_v be_v no_o such_o thing_n but_o we_o must_v not_o give_v ear_n unto_o they_o for_o hypocrates_n write_v a_o book_n de_fw-fr superfoetatione_n &_o there_o be_v a_o notable_a example_n of_o superfoetation_n in_o his_o first_o book_n epidem_fw-la in_o a_o woman_n of_o larissa_n who_o the_o forty_o day_n after_o her_o deliverance_n of_o a_o legitimate_a superfoetation_n diverse_a example_n of_o superfoetation_n child_n avoid_v another_o preposterous_o conceive_v famous_a also_o be_v that_o birth_n of_o alcmoena_n when_o she_o bring_v forth_o hercules_n and_o iphiclus_n his_o brother_n after_o he_o aristotle_n in_o the_o five_o chapter_n of_o his_o four_o book_n de_fw-fr generatione_n animalium_fw-la say_v that_o some_o creature_n admit_v superfoetation_n other_o do_v not_o admit_v it_o and_o of_o these_o that_o do_v some_o be_v able_a to_o nourish_v both_o burden_n some_o be_v not_o able_a sometime_o at_o other_o time_n they_o be_v able_a and_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr historia_fw-la animalium_fw-la he_o allege_v some_o example_n of_o superfaetation_n a_o certain_a adultress_n say_v he_o bring_v forth_o one_o infant_n like_o her_o husband_n another_o like_o the_o adulterer_n another_o be_v with_o child_n with_o twin_n have_v a_o three_o by_o superfaetation_n another_o bring_v forth_o one_o the_o seven_o month_n which_o die_v and_o in_o the_o nine_o be_v deliver_v of_o two_o other_o which_o do_v survive_v galen_n make_v mention_n of_o superfaetion_n but_o seldom_o rhazis_n 22._o continent_n alzaraâ—ius_n and_o anieen_n be_v all_o of_o opinion_n that_o those_o woman_n be_v subject_a to_o superfaetatation_n who_o while_o they_o be_v with_o child_n have_v their_o course_n pliny_n in_o the_o eleven_o chapter_n of_o his_o 7._o book_n write_v that_o proconnesia_n a_o servant_n accompany_v the_o same_o day_n with_o her_o master_n &_o his_o man_n and_o conceive_v by_o they_o both_o and_o bare_a either_o of_o they_o a_o son_n like_o to_o the_o father_n that_o another_o be_v deliver_v of_o a_o child_n at_o five_o month_n and_o go_v out_o her_o just_a time_n with_o a_o second_o that_o another_o be_v deliver_v of_o a_o child_n at_o seven_o month_n and_o go_v out_o her_o whole_a time_n with_o two_o twin_n beside_o dodoneus_fw-la in_o his_o observation_n tell_v story_n to_o the_o same_o purpose_n we_o conclude_v therefore_o that_o there_o may_v be_v superfaetation_n now_o this_o superfaetation_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o second_o conception_n when_o a_o woman_n already_o with_o child_n accompany_v with_o a_o man_n be_v what_o superfoetation_n be_v conceive_v again_o as_o if_o it_o be_v a_o new_a conception_n above_o another_o before_o conceive_v this_o superfaetation_n or_o iterate_a conception_n be_v not_o common_a to_o all_o creature_n as_o aristotle_n teach_v in_o his_o four_o book_n de_fw-fr generatione_n animalium_fw-la to_o woman_n it_o happen_v often_o than_o to_o other_o creature_n unless_o it_o be_v hare_n and_o swine_n notwithstanding_o whensoever_o it_o happen_v it_o be_v beside_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o nature_n now_o the_o reason_n why_o superfaetation_n happen_v most_o in_o woman_n be_v because_o woman_n and_o they_o almost_o only_o after_o their_o conception_n do_v desire_v the_o company_n of_o their_o husband_n other_o creature_n when_o they_o be_v pagle_v as_o we_o say_v do_v never_o dinus_n why_o superfoetation_n belong_v most_o to_o woman_n dinus_n or_o very_o seldom_o admit_v the_o male_a but_o what_o may_v be_v reason_n hereof_o dinus_n in_o his_o commentary_n upon_o hypocrates_n book_n de_fw-fr natura_fw-la pveri_fw-la say_v that_o other_o creature_n after_o they_o have_v conceive_v do_v not_o desire_v the_o company_n of_o the_o male_a because_o all_o that_o which_o shall_v be_v the_o matter_n of_o new_a seed_n be_v consume_v in_o the_o nourishment_n of_o their_o young_a and_o therefore_o they_o be_v not_o goad_v with_o their_o wont_a lust_n but_o a_o woman_n because_o she_o have_v in_o her_o abundance_n of_o moisture_n have_v also_o her_o vessel_n full_a of_o seed_n from_o whence_o come_v the_o motion_n and_o sense_n of_o the_o obscene_a part_n but_o this_o reason_n i_o can_v approve_v for_o although_o the_o infant_n do_v consume_v disprove_v disprove_v almost_o all_o the_o relic_n or_o surplusage_n of_o the_o blood_n yet_o do_v it_o not_o defraud_v the_o part_n of_o the_o mother_n body_n of_o their_o convenient_a nourishment_n neither_o take_v from_o the_o testicle_n their_o proper_a faculty_n of_o draw_v and_o alter_v the_o blood_n so_o woman_n at_o sixty_o year_n old_a have_v no_o surplusage_n of_o blood_n and_o therefore_o their_o course_n fail_v yet_o they_o continue_v to_o procreate_v seed_n even_o to_o their_o extreme_a age_n which_o also_o in_o coition_n they_o avoid_v which_o though_o at_o that_o age_n it_o be_v not_o
fit_a for_o generation_n yet_o be_v it_o sufficient_a to_o provoke_v pleasure_n we_o acknowledge_v other_o cause_n of_o this_o disposition_n of_o woman_n and_o those_o natural_a for_o the_o moral_a cause_n of_o which_o lactantius_n write_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr vero_fw-la cultu_fw-la we_o leave_v to_o divine_n first_o the_o true_a cause_n thereof_o first_o the_o first_o be_v the_o situation_n and_o conformation_n of_o the_o womb_n for_o in_o other_o creature_n when_o they_o be_v great_a with_o young_a the_o womb_n be_v near_a the_o outward_a part_n and_o therefore_o more_o in_o danger_n to_o be_v violate_v by_o the_o male_n who_o genitals_n be_v of_o a_o great_a length_n and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o a_o hard_a substance_n but_o a_o woman_n womb_n be_v situate_v further_o inward_a and_o beyond_o the_o man_n reach_n and_o therefore_o she_o bear_v he_o the_o more_o easy_o again_o to_o beast_n the_o use_n of_o venus_n second_o second_o be_v only_o give_v for_o the_o preservation_n of_o their_o kind_n if_o therefore_o they_o conceive_v the_o final_a cause_n be_v satisfy_v their_o desire_n of_o coition_n be_v also_o appease_v but_o man_n use_v these_o pleasure_n not_o only_o to_o propagate_v his_o kind_n but_o also_o to_o sweeten_v and_o mitigate_v the_o tedious_a and_o irksome_a labour_n and_o care_n of_o his_o life_n poppea_n the_o daughter_n of_o agrippa_n be_v ask_v this_o question_n why_o answer_n poppea_n her_o acute_a answer_n beast_n do_v not_o copulate_v after_o they_o have_v conceive_v her_o answer_n be_v because_o they_o be_v beast_n and_o true_o the_o answer_n beside_o the_o quickness_n of_o it_o be_v not_o amiss_o for_o it_o be_v a_o prerogative_n which_o nature_n have_v give_v to_o man_n above_o other_o creature_n but_o to_o return_v to_o our_o question_n it_o appear_v therefore_o that_o the_o reason_n why_o superfaetation_n be_v more_o ordinary_a in_o woman_n then_o in_o be_v how_o superfoetation_n be_v all_o other_o creature_n be_v because_o when_o she_o have_v conceive_v yet_o she_o may_v desire_v the_o society_n of_o the_o male._n now_o let_v we_o inquire_v how_o this_o superfaetation_n may_v be_v most_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o the_o womb_n be_v so_o greedy_a of_o seed_n that_o after_o conception_n it_o be_v so_o contract_v that_o there_o be_v no_o void_a space_n leave_v in_o it_o and_o the_o inward_a orifice_n so_o close_o shut_v that_o nothing_o can_v pass_v into_o it_o or_o issue_n out_o of_o it_o this_o galen_n teach_v we_o in_o many_o place_n and_o hypocrates_n some_o hypocrates_n the_o opinion_n of_o some_o in_o the_o 51._o aphorism_n of_o the_o 5._o section_n those_o that_o be_v with_o child_n have_v the_o mouth_n of_o their_o womb_n close_v how_o therefore_o can_v it_o be_v that_o the_o seed_n of_o the_o male_n can_v arrive_v into_o the_o bosom_n of_o the_o womb_n to_o make_v a_o second_o conception_n there_o have_v be_v some_o of_o the_o ancient_n who_o dream_v that_o by_o a_o wonderful_a providence_n of_o nature_n the_o womb_n at_o certain_a time_n do_v open_v itself_o to_o avoid_v those_o thing_n which_o may_v otherwise_o offend_v it_o at_o which_o time_n if_o a_o woman_n with_o child_n shall_v accompany_v with_o a_o man_n the_o womb_n may_v entertain_v his_o seed_n consute_v consute_v and_o so_o breed_v a_o superfoetation_n but_o i_o take_v these_o to_o be_v but_o idle_a and_o addle_n imagination_n for_o if_o through_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o those_o nine_o month_n the_o womb_n shall_v at_o certain_a time_n open_v itself_o to_o expel_v that_o that_o be_v superuacuous_a why_o then_o be_v the_o lochia_n ay_o those_o purgation_n which_o issue_n after_o travail_n retain_v all_o the_o time_n in_o the_o womb_n or_o can_v the_o womb_n at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o it_o avoid_v that_o wherewith_o it_o be_v offend_v receive_v also_o the_o seed_n whereby_o it_o be_v please_v and_o conceive_v the_o same_o rather_o the_o seed_n will_v so_o be_v extinguish_v among_o the_o 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they_o determine_v into_o a_o sharp_a point_n at_o the_o side_n of_o the_o brain_n almost_o at_o the_o utmost_a limit_n thereof_o table_n 25._o figure_n 1._o at_o n_z which_o be_v above_o the_o hole_n where_o the_o air_n beat_v into_o the_o ear_n for_o this_o be_v the_o place_n of_o their_o original_n and_o hence_o haply_o it_o be_v that_o if_o the_o smell_a be_v original_n their_o true_a original_n intercept_v the_o hear_n also_o be_v somewhat_o affect_v for_o we_o see_v that_o when_o upon_o a_o cold_a or_o murr_n as_o we_o call_v it_o the_o nose_n be_v stop_v and_o the_o smell_v hinder_v the_o hear_n also_o be_v somewhat_o offend_v we_o also_o manifest_o perceive_v that_o when_o we_o sneeze_v or_o blow_v our_o nose_n or_o retain_v our_o smell_v of_o the_o sympathy_n between_o hear_v and_o smell_v breath_n by_o shut_v up_o our_o nostril_n the_o hear_n be_v also_o instant_o interrupt_v and_o those_o that_o lose_v their_o smell_n do_v very_o easy_o become_v deaf_a it_o may_v also_o be_v that_o from_o this_o sympathy_n that_o problem_n of_o aristotle_n the_o five_o of_o the_o 11._o section_n and_o the_o 23_o of_o cassius_n why_o those_o that_o be_v deaf_a do_v speak_v through_o the_o nose_n may_v be_v assoil_v of_o the_o venticle_n of_o the_o brain_n these_o thing_n be_v thus_o demonstrate_v and_o the_o eye_n with_o the_o optic_a nerve_n be_v draw_v each_o into_o their_o own_o side_n you_o must_v lengthwise_o cut_v into_o two_o part_n the_o bridge_n of_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la section_n how_o we_o must_v proceed_v in_o this_o kind_n of_o section_n and_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n then_o must_v you_o remove_v the_o cerebellum_fw-la quite_o away_o and_o one_o part_n of_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n so_o divide_v lengthwise_o as_o we_o say_v before_o must_v be_v draw_v to_o his_o own_o side_n and_o one_o side_n of_o the_o brain_n both_o before_o and_o behind_o must_v be_v cut_v to_o show_v the_o magnitude_n and_o figure_n of_o the_o ventricle_n thereof_o for_o this_o administration_n show_v a_o great_a difference_n in_o the_o scite_fw-la magnitude_n form_n number_n and_o use_v of_o they_o from_o the_o common_a demonstration_n the_o receive_a opinion_n be_v that_o there_o be_v four_o ventricle_n arantius_n in_o his_o observation_n account_v six_o four_o acknowledge_v by_o the_o ancients_n and_o under_o these_o two_o other_o but_o indeed_o and_o truth_n by_o how_o much_o the_o number_n be_v increase_v by_o so_o much_o be_v the_o error_n the_o great_a there_o be_v in_o truth_n but_o two_o for_o the_o brain_n both_o of_o man_n and_o beast_n be_v double_a as_o first_o hypocrates_n aristotle_n hypocrates_n aristotle_n observe_v in_o his_o book_n of_o the_o fall_v sickness_n and_o after_o he_o aristotle_n in_o the_o 10._o chapter_n of_o his_o four_o book_n de_fw-fr historia_n animalium_fw-la it_o seem_v equal_a that_o each_o part_n shall_v have_v a_o ventricle_n for_o these_o two_o which_o they_o place_v in_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v as_o 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and_o when_o the_o liver_n be_v offend_v the_o right_n and_o in_o the_o second_o section_n of_o the_o sixth_o book_n epidemiâ—n_o the_o pain_n of_o the_o side_n as_o pleurisy_n and_o such_o like_a be_v è_fw-la directo_fw-la that_o be_v on_o the_o same_o side_n so_o also_o be_v the_o tension_n or_o swell_a of_o the_o hypochondria_n the_o tumour_n of_o the_o spleen_n and_o the_o bleed_a at_o the_o nose_n we_o will_v first_o therefore_o entreat_v of_o convulsion_n and_o then_o of_o the_o palsy_n that_o the_o opposite_a part_n suffer_v convulsion_n hypocrates_n first_o of_o all_o man_n teach_v we_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr vuineribus_fw-la capitis_fw-la by_o opposite_a part_n he_o understand_v sometime_o of_o the_o head_n authority_n that_o the_o opposite_a part_n be_v convel_v hip._n authority_n alone_o sometime_o of_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o head_n alone_o whereas_o he_o write_v that_o the_o vein_n which_o run_v through_o the_o temple_n be_v not_o to_o be_v open_v because_o there_o be_v danger_n of_o convulsion_n of_o the_o right_a side_n if_o the_o left_a vein_n be_v open_v and_o on_o the_o contrary_n of_o that_o convulsion_n which_o affect_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n he_o make_v mention_n in_o the_o same_o book_n if_o say_v he_o the_o bone_n be_v purulent_a then_o will_v pustles_a arise_v in_o the_o tongue_n than_o the_o patient_a wound_a will_v die_v idle-headed_a and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o other_o side_n of_o his_o history_n many_o history_n body_n suffer_v convulsion_n for_o if_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o head_n be_v wound_v then_o will_v the_o convulsion_n occupy_v the_o left_a part_n of_o the_o body_n and_o on_o the_o contrary_n in_o the_o five_o book_n epidemiâ—n_v he_o tell_v of_o a_o wench_n who_o he_o call_v puella_fw-la omiloea_n who_o have_v abruise_v on_o the_o right_a side_n of_o her_o head_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o summer_n and_o suffer_v convulsion_n on_o the_o left_a part_n antoninus_n have_v both_o his_o hand_n convel_v when_o he_o be_v strike_v with_o a_o stone_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o synciput_fw-la or_o forepart_n of_o the_o head_n about_o the_o mould_n in_o the_o seven_o epidemiωn_n in_o the_o history_n of_o the_o son_n of_o phanius_fw-la and_o euergus_n who_o be_v wound_v in_o their_o head_n in_o such_o say_v he_o it_o happen_v that_o they_o fall_v to_o vomit_v and_o hypocrates_n two_o thing_n gather_v out_o of_o hypocrates_n suffer_v convulsion_n and_o that_o in_o the_o left_a part_n if_o the_o right_a side_n be_v wound_v and_o in_o the_o right_n if_o the_o left_a wherefore_o i_o gather_v out_o of_o hypocrates_n these_o two_o thing_n first_o that_o convulsion_n do_v not_o always_o follow_v but_o only_o when_o there_o be_v suppuration_n make_v or_o whilst_o it_o be_v suppurate_v or_o when_o there_o be_v a_o great_a inflammation_n again_o that_o all_o that_o be_v wound_v do_v not_o suffer_v convulsion_n but_o the_o most_o so_o that_o it_o it_o not_o perpetual_o or_o universal_o true_a that_o if_o one_o part_n be_v wound_v the_o contrary_a part_n be_v convel_v to_o assign_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o first_o convulsion_n it_o be_v not_o hard_a for_o if_o the_o right_n temporal_a wound_v why_o one_o temporal_a muscle_n be_v convel_v when_o the_o other_o be_v wound_v muscle_n be_v wound_v or_o resolve_v yet_o do_v not_o a_o convulsion_n proper_o so_o call_v primary_o and_o of_o itself_o fall_v upon_o the_o opposite_a muscle_n but_o only_o by_o event_n because_o all_o the_o muscle_n be_v either_o antagonist_n that_o be_v adversary_n or_o congeneres_fw-la that_o be_v a_o kin_n if_o they_o be_v congeneres_fw-la then_o the_o resolution_n or_o section_n of_o one_o cause_v the_o convulsion_n of_o the_o other_o but_o if_o they_o be_v contrary_a or_o adversary_n so_o that_o their_o motion_n succeed_v one_o the_o other_o than_o one_o of_o they_o perish_v the_o other_o be_v necessary_o take_v away_o for_o if_o the_o muscle_n which_o extend_v a_o part_n be_v cut_v the_o part_n will_v indeed_o be_v bend_v but_o it_o will_v so_o always_o remain_v because_o it_o can_v no_o more_o be_v extend_v and_o so_o the_o convulsion_n be_v accidentary_a and_o improper_o so_o call_v but_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o other_o convulsion_n which_o be_v of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n not_o of_o the_o head_n alone_o be_v much_o more_o obscure_a notwithstanding_o hypocrates_n in_o the_o place_n before_o quote_v seem_v to_o acknowledge_v the_o cause_n to_o be_v the_o malignity_n of_o the_o pus_fw-la or_o quality_n the_o cause_n of_o opposite_a convulsion_n be_v a_o malignant_a quality_n matter_n which_o lance_a the_o membrane_n which_o be_v of_o a_o exquisite_a sense_n and_o prick_v the_o original_n of_o the_o sinew_n stir_v up_o a_o deprave_a motion_n now_o there_o pass_v from_o the_o wound_a part_n into_o the_o sound_a part_n sometime_o a_o breath_n alone_o sometime_o a_o portion_n of_o the_o malignant_a ichor_n or_o humour_n the_o breath_n vapour_v away_o through_o insensible_a passage_n but_o how_o the_o ichor_n or_o thin_a humour_n shall_v pass_v from_o the_o wound_a part_n to_o the_o opposite_a side_n it_o be_v not_o easy_a to_o declare_v it_o must_v needs_o be_v either_o transmit_v or_o must_v fall_v down_o or_o be_v propagate_v or_o final_o express_v offend_a how_o the_o ichor_n be_v carry_v out_o of_o the_o scund_a part_n into_o the_o offend_a no_o man_n will_v say_v it_o be_v transmit_v out_o of_o the_o wound_a part_n into_o the_o sound_n because_o the_o weak_a part_n do_v not_o use_v to_o exonerate_v itself_o into_o the_o strong_a neither_o do_v it_o fall_v down_o because_o all_o such_o sink_v downward_o be_v perpendicular_a that_o be_v direct_o downward_o for_o it_o follow_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o humour_n which_o motion_n see_v it_o depend_v upon_o the_o elementary_a form_n as_o philosopher_n conclude_v it_o must_v be_v right_a and_o simple_a wherefore_o it_o be_v either_o propagate_v or_o express_v and_o both_o these_o i_o here_o acknowledge_v it_o be_v propagate_v if_o it_o abound_v in_o quantity_n if_o the_o substance_n of_o it_o be_v very_o thin_a if_o the_o quality_n be_v very_o sharp_a so_o choler_n which_o be_v of_o temper_n exceed_v hot_a and_o rage_v when_o it_o breed_v a_o erisipylas_n or_o saint_n anthony_n instance_n instance_n fire_n in_o the_o inward_a part_n diffuse_v itself_o sometime_o even_o to_o the_o outward_a part_n also_o so_o say_v hypocrates_n in_o a_o squinsey_n of_o the_o larynx_n or_o throttle_n both_o the_o neck_n and_o top_n of_o the_o chestare_fw-la hypocrates_n hypocrates_n very_o red_a per_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v by_o consequence_n or_o succession_n what_o therefore_o shall_v hinder_v the_o diffusion_n of_o a_o thin_a ichor_n through_o the_o whole_a membrane_n if_o the_o inflammation_n be_v come_v to_o his_o height_n but_o if_o there_o be_v not_o that_o plenty_n of_o ichor_n that_o it_o can_v be_v propagate_v yet_o may_v there_o be_v make_v a_o expression_n of_o it_o out_o of_o the_o right_a side_n into_o the_o left_a and_o often_o there_o be_v from_o low_a part_n to_o the_o upward_a a_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v a_o compression_n now_o expression_n be_v make_v by_o compression_n compression_n by_o suppuration_n which_o while_o it_o be_v a_o make_n do_v distend_v the_o neighbour_n part_n because_o the_o work_v or_o boil_a humour_n occupi_v a_o great_a place_n and_o hence_o come_v pain_n and_o ague_n in_o the_o time_n while_o the_o pus_fw-la or_o matter_n be_v in_o confect_v and_o therefore_o hypocrates_n say_v that_o convulsion_n be_v especial_o then_o induce_v when_o suppuration_n be_v a_o make_n in_o puella_fw-la omilaea_n it_o be_v likely_a that_o the_o ichor_n be_v not_o diffuse_v but_o express_v out_o of_o the_o wound_a part_n into_o the_o part_n opposite_a it_o may_v happen_v that_o a_o very_a little_a as_o it_o be_v a_o drop_n omilaea_n puella_fw-la omilaea_n of_o the_o ichor_n may_v move_v a_o convulsion_n as_o also_o a_o venomous_a vapour_n by_o goad_v the_o membrane_n of_o the_o nerve_n which_o be_v of_o most_o exquisite_a sense_n wherefore_o the_o humour_n which_o breed_v the_o convulsion_n be_v oftentimes_o express_v or_o propagate_v from_o the_o disease_a into_o the_o sound_a part_n neither_o be_v it_o necessary_a always_o that_o a_o ichor_n shall_v be_v express_v or_o propagate_v it_o be_v sufficient_a if_o a_o malignant_a air_n breath_n out_o of_o it_o but_o here_o we_o observe_v two_o thing_n very_o obscure_a and_o entangle_v first_o how_o the_o ichor_n can_v question_n two_o obscure_a question_n pass_v out_o of_o the_o wound_a side_n into_o the_o contrary_a see_v that_o the_o brain_n be_v distinguish_v into_o the_o right_a side_n and_o the_o leave_v by_o a_o proper_a midriff_n of_o his_o own_o and_o that_o exceed_a thick_a which_o be_v a_o
be_v next_o of_o all_o to_o the_o eyelid_n so_o that_o when_o the_o lid_n open_v present_o the_o species_n be_v offer_v to_o the_o pupilla_fw-la or_o apple_n and_o in_o a_o moment_n of_o time_n be_v join_v therewith_o last_o the_o manner_n of_o vision_n be_v thus_o it_o be_v make_v by_o the_o reception_n of_o sensible_a species_n not_o reception_n of_o the_o manner_n of_o reception_n of_o body_n which_o species_n although_o they_o seem_v to_o have_v some_o taste_n of_o the_o condition_n of_o their_o own_o matter_n notwithstanding_o they_o be_v not_o carry_v material_o and_o as_o body_n be_v carry_v but_o like_o the_o shape_n or_o image_n of_o body_n bring_v from_o the_o aspectible_a object_n unto_o the_o pupilla_fw-la through_o the_o air_n as_o a_o mean_a by_o right_a line_n unto_o a_o acute_a angle_n he_o that_o desire_v to_o hear_v more_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o vision_n let_v he_o read_v alexander_n and_o simon_n simonius_a a_o man_n both_o for_o physic_n and_o philosophy_n very_o excellent_a comment_v upon_o aristotle_n his_o book_n de_fw-fr sensu_fw-la &_o sensili_fw-la qvest._n xxiii_o whether_o any_o thing_n within_o the_o eye_n may_v be_v see_v and_o whether_o it_o may_v be_v see_v by_o it_o own_o proper_a form_n or_o by_o another_o where_o also_o be_v explain_v some_o thing_n concern_v the_o nature_n of_o suffusion_n and_o of_o vision_n or_o apparition_n have_v resolve_v that_o ancient_a question_n concern_v the_o manner_n of_o vision_n we_o will_v proceed_v to_o the_o resolution_n of_o two_o other_o doubt_n that_o so_o there_o may_v see_v whither_o aniething_n within_o the_o eye_n may_v be_v see_v be_v nothing_o want_v that_o can_v be_v desire_v to_o the_o perfect_a nature_n of_o this_o sense_n of_o sight_n the_o first_o therefore_o be_v whether_o any_o thing_n which_o be_v within_o the_o eye_n may_v be_v see_v then_o whither_o that_o which_o be_v see_v be_v see_v by_o his_o proper_a species_n or_o by_o another_o that_o nothing_o within_o the_o eye_n be_v visible_a may_v be_v thus_o demonstrate_v aristotle_n in_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr anima_fw-la write_v sensile_a positum_fw-la supra_fw-la sensorium_fw-la sensationem_fw-la non_fw-la facere_fw-la reason_n the_o 1._o reason_n a_o sensible_a object_n place_v above_o the_o sensorium_fw-la or_o organ_n do_v not_o perform_v any_o sensation_n secondlie_o if_o any_o thing_n shall_v be_v see_v within_o the_o eye_n then_o will_v it_o follow_v that_o the_o object_n and_o the_o instrument_n receyve_v the_o object_n shall_v be_v the_o same_o thirdlie_o the_o philosopher_n teach_v that_o there_o be_v three_o thing_n requisite_a and_o necessary_a unto_o the_o sense_n of_o sight_n the_o obiest_n the_o medium_fw-la or_o mean_a and_o the_o instrument_n last_o vision_n be_v make_v by_o the_o reception_n of_o such_o species_n as_o be_v produce_v and_o multiply_v in_o the_o air_n but_o if_o any_o thing_n within_o the_o eye_n shall_v be_v see_v the_o sight_n will_v not_o be_v make_v by_o the_o species_n but_o by_o a_o real_a object_n to_o these_o we_o will_v add_v that_o it_o will_v also_o follow_v that_o the_o grapy_a membrane_n which_o be_v diverse_o colour_v will_v be_v see_v but_o that_o be_v not_o see_v wherefore_o we_o conclude_v that_o nothing_o within_o the_o eye_n can_v be_v see_v now_o on_o the_o contrary_a that_o something_o within_o the_o eye_n may_v be_v see_v be_v prove_v by_o authority_n see_v that_o something_o within_o the_o eye_n may_v be_v see_v and_o experience_n first_o the_o authority_n of_o aristotle_n in_o the_o second_o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr sensu_fw-la &_o sensili_fw-la and_o in_o the_o four_o of_o his_o meteor_n seem_v thus_o to_o persuade_v we_o for_o say_v he_o when_o the_o eye_n be_v roll_v or_o move_v in_o the_o dark_a something_o may_v be_v see_v within_o the_o eye_n this_o authority_n be_v also_o back_v and_o confirm_v by_o experience_n for_o in_o vision_n or_o phantisine_n experience_n authority_n experience_n which_o do_v usual_o go_v before_o suffusion_n there_o do_v appear_v certain_a figure_n magnitude_n position_n and_o diverse_a colour_n all_o which_o be_v resident_a in_o the_o eye_n and_o not_o in_o the_o air_n for_o than_o image_n of_o vision_n or_o image_n they_o will_v be_v equal_o perceive_v of_o all_o man_n and_o when_o a_o critical_a evacuation_n of_o blood_n by_o the_o nose_n be_v ready_a to_o follow_v there_o be_v see_v afore_o the_o eye_n certain_a red_a shadow_n which_o they_o call_v marmarygae_fw-la but_o that_o these_o thing_n may_v appear_v more_o plain_a and_o evident_a it_o will_v be_v behoosefull_a to_o note_v a_o few_o thing_n concern_v the_o nature_n of_o vision_n or_o imagination_n vision_n 2._o kind_n of_o vision_n concern_v such_o vision_n some_o be_v according_a to_o galen_n in_o his_o 4._o book_n de_fw-la locis_fw-la affectis_fw-la of_o idle_a head_a man_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o wander_a and_o uncertain_a motion_n of_o the_o image_n and_o so_o frantic_a man_n do_v hunt_v after_o fly_n catch_v at_o a_o flock_n or_o feather_n pickle_n at_o straw_n and_o be_v brain_n vision_n by_o the_o fault_n of_o the_o brain_n terrify_v yea_o start_v and_o fly_v from_o vain_a and_o false_a image_n these_o vision_n be_v not_o disease_n of_o the_o eye_n but_o they_o be_v symptom_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o of_o the_o imagination_n there_o be_v also_o other_o vision_n and_o representation_n which_o be_v proper_a to_o the_o eye_n eye_n vision_n proper_a to_o the_o eye_n and_o the_o external_a sensitive_a faculty_n when_o false_a imagination_n do_v obtrude_v and_o offer_v themselves_o to_o the_o eye_n for_o as_o avicen_n write_v there_o may_v appear_v some_o small_a body_n in_o the_o air_n and_o diverse_a mingle_a colour_n which_o indeed_o be_v nothing_o this_o vision_n be_v term_v by_o the_o arabian_n imagination_n but_o galen_n define_v it_o to_o be_v a_o external_a apparition_n happen_v by_o reason_n of_o a_o dark_a or_o cloudy_a vapour_n which_o be_v betwixt_o the_o crystalline_a and_o the_o horny_a coat_n be_v what_o vision_n be_v it_o be_v a_o symptom_n or_o sign_n of_o a_o deprave_a sight_n because_o certain_a outward_a colour_a thing_n do_v appear_v which_o indeed_o be_v not_o the_o eye_n judge_v that_o to_o be_v without_o which_o indeed_o be_v within_o it_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o symptom_n be_v acknowledge_v of_o all_o to_o be_v that_o shadow_n or_o cloudy_a apparition_n the_o cause_n of_o such_o apparition_n and_o dark_a vapour_n which_o do_v interpose_v itself_o between_o the_o horny_a coat_n and_o the_o chrystaline_a humour_n i_o call_v it_o dark_a or_o shaddowy_a that_o be_v imperuious_a as_o the_o barbarian_n say_v they_o mean_v not_o bright_a or_o translucent_a for_o if_o that_o body_n which_o be_v between_o the_o horny_a coat_n and_o the_o chrystaline_a be_v translucent_a these_o vision_n will_v not_o run_v before_o the_o sight_n but_o the_o species_n of_o visible_a thing_n that_o be_v pure_a and_o not_o mix_v will_v have_v be_v carry_v to_o the_o chrystaline_a the_o place_n of_o this_o small_a body_n or_o vapour_n be_v the_o whole_a space_n from_o the_o horny_a membrane_n vapour_n the_o place_n of_o this_o vapour_n unto_o the_o chrystaline_a for_o if_o this_o vapour_n have_v be_v contain_v betwixt_o the_o chrystaline_a and_o the_o coition_n or_o meeting_n of_o the_o optic_a nerve_n it_o will_v not_o have_v raise_v any_o such_o representation_n in_o regard_n that_o the_o whole_a reception_n of_o the_o species_n be_v make_v in_o the_o crystalline_a alone_o but_o if_o peradventure_o this_o vapour_n be_v mingle_v with_o the_o glassy_a humour_n which_o do_v hinder_v the_o arrival_n of_o the_o internal_a light_n it_o will_v either_o diminish_v and_o weaken_v this_o action_n of_o see_v or_o else_o utter_o extinguish_v it_o it_o be_v manifest_a therefore_o that_o in_o the_o beginning_n of_o suffusion_n and_o in_o critical_a evacuation_n of_o blood_n by_o the_o nose_n in_o the_o peripneumonia_fw-la or_o inflammation_n of_o the_o lung_n in_o the_o vertigo_n or_o giddiness_n in_o the_o loathe_n of_o meat_n or_o vomit_v there_o be_v gnat_n and_o fly_n &_o certain_a red_a shadow_n call_v marmarygae_fw-la before_o the_o eye_n all_o which_o be_v not_o in_o the_o external_a air_n for_o than_o they_o shall_v be_v see_v of_o all_o man_n but_o be_v contain_v within_o the_o eye_n we_o will_v hold_v what_o we_o hold_v therefore_o thus_o determine_v the_o propound_a question_n that_o some_o thing_n within_o the_o eye_n may_v be_v see_v because_o the_o object_n be_v present_a that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o interpose_a body_n a_o medium_n translucide_v which_o be_v the_o waterish_a humour_n and_o the_o principal_a organ_n of_o sight_n which_o be_v the_o crystalline_a humour_n yet_o we_o affirm_v that_o this_o vision_n be_v not_o perfect_a the_o reason_n which_o be_v allege_v for_o the_o contrary_a opinion_n and_o the_o authority_n of_o aristotle_n be_v to_o be_v
have_v adhaer_v to_o a_o firm_a basis_n or_o foundation_n qvest._n xxvii_o two_o obscure_a and_o intricate_a question_n concern_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o eye_n be_v resolve_v we_o will_v now_o proceed_v to_o discuss_v a_o very_a hard_a problem_n concern_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o eye_n the_o enodation_n of_o which_o knot_n for_o aught_o i_o know_v have_v question_n first_o question_n not_o as_o yet_o be_v perform_v of_o any_o man_n and_o it_o be_v this_o wherefore_o the_o eye_n consider_v they_o have_v several_a distinct_a muscle_n by_o themselves_o be_v yet_o motion_n why_o the_o eye_n be_v move_v together_o with_o the_o same_o motion_n not_o move_v with_o diverse_a motion_n but_o be_v guide_v together_o and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n with_o one_o and_o the_o same_o motion_n neither_o can_v it_o be_v that_o the_o right_a eye_n shall_v be_v move_v and_o the_o leave_v stand_v still_o neither_o can_v the_o right_n be_v lift_v up_o and_o the_o leave_v depress_v which_o identity_n of_o motion_n be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v in_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o body_n for_o i_o have_v free_a liberty_n at_o the_o same_o moment_n to_o move_v my_o right_a hand_n upward_o and_o my_o leave_v downward_o aristotle_n propound_v this_o question_n in_o his_o problem_n which_o thus_o he_o endeavour_v to_o resolve_v aristotle_n the_o solution_n of_o aristotle_n though_o say_v he_o the_o eye_n be_v double_a yet_o there_o be_v but_o one_o beginning_n of_o their_o motion_n and_o the_o same_o original_n to_o wit_n in_o the_o coition_n or_o meeting_n of_o the_o optic_a nerve_n he_o therefore_o refer_v the_o cause_n unto_o that_o coition_n avicen_n the_o prince_n of_o the_o arabian_n seem_v to_o be_v of_o the_o same_o mind_n and_o galen_n in_o his_o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n where_o he_o think_v the_o optic_n do_v therefore_o meet_v in_o one_o that_o one_o object_n shall_v not_o appear_v double_a these_o thing_n have_v some_o show_n of_o probability_n but_o they_o do_v not_o give_v we_o full_a satisfaction_n for_o the_o meeting_n of_o the_o optic_n do_v confer_v nothing_o to_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o eye_n the_o optic_a nerve_n do_v only_o see_v and_o carry_v the_o visive_a spirit_n unto_o the_o christialine_n neither_o be_v it_o insert_v into_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o eye_n it_o be_v only_o the_o second_o conjugation_n which_o move_v the_o eye_n in_o that_o oppilation_n or_o stop_v reason_n arist_n answer_v disallow_v our_o reason_n of_o the_o optic_a nerve_n and_o in_o the_o disease_n which_o the_o arabian_n call_v gutta_n serena_fw-la the_o action_n of_o sight_n do_v whole_o perish_v and_o yet_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o eye_n be_v not_o a_o whit_n hinder_v the_o meeting_n therefore_o of_o the_o optic_a nerve_n do_v nothing_o further_a the_o motion_n of_o the_o eye_n some_o have_v observe_v that_o in_o many_o man_n who_o all_o their_o life_n long_a never_o complain_v of_o their_o sight_n the_o optic_a nerve_n be_v so_o frame_v that_o they_o be_v continual_o separate_v and_o do_v never_o meet_v together_o it_o be_v therefore_o very_o fond_a and_o absurd_a to_o think_v that_o both_o the_o eye_n be_v move_v with_o the_o same_o motion_n because_o there_o be_v one_o only_a beginning_n of_o motion_n in_o the_o meeting_n of_o the_o optic_n see_v neither_o that_o coition_n nor_o yet_o the_o optic_n themselves_n do_v any_o whit_n further_o the_o motion_n but_o only_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o eye_n we_o do_v acknowledge_v a_o double_a cause_n of_o this_o motion_n the_o final_a and_o instrumental_a the_o final_a cause_n be_v the_o perfection_n of_o the_o sense_n and_o this_o be_v the_o perfection_n of_o the_o sense_n that_o question_n the_o true_a resolution_n of_o the_o question_n the_o object_n appear_v even_o such_o as_o it_o be_v but_o if_o the_o eye_n be_v move_v with_o diverse_a motion_n that_o one_o may_v be_v carry_v downward_o the_o other_o upward_o sure_o every_o object_n though_o in_o it_o own_o nature_n one_o and_o the_o same_o yet_o will_v continual_o appear_v double_a and_o so_o the_o most_o noble_a sense_n will_v be_v deceive_v and_o the_o action_n of_o sight_n will_v be_v imperfect_a if_o this_o seem_v harsh_a to_o be_v believe_v you_o may_v thus_o make_v trial_n of_o it_o if_o you_o either_o lift_v up_o the_o one_o eye_n or_o depress_v it_o with_o your_o finger_n you_o shall_v see_v all_o object_n double_a and_o discern_v the_o one_o to_o be_v high_a and_o the_o other_o low_a because_o the_o one_o eye_n be_v move_v upward_o the_o other_o downward_o but_o if_o you_o shut_v either_o of_o they_o this_o double_a apparition_n of_o the_o object_n will_v vanish_v although_o you_o press_v that_o eye_n with_o your_o finger_n also_o if_o you_o move_v your_o eye_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n or_o to_o the_o left_a the_o object_n will_v not_o appear_v double_a because_o the_o apple_n of_o the_o eye_n remain_v both_o in_o one_o line_n but_o wherefore_o upon_o the_o diverse_a motion_n of_o the_o eye_n the_o object_n be_v double_v be_v a_o thing_n solution_n question_n solution_n worthy_a to_o be_v understand_v galen_n in_o the_o thirteen_o chapter_n of_o his_o 10._o book_n de_fw-la usu_fw-la partium_fw-la write_v that_o the_o diameter_n of_o visible_a cones_n or_o turbinate_v form_n must_v be_v place_v in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o plain_a lest_o that_o which_o be_v but_o one_o shall_v appear_v double_a but_o if_o one_o of_o the_o eye_n be_v move_v downward_o the_o apple_n of_o they_o both_o will_v not_o be_v in_o the_o same_o plain_a and_o the_o same_o superficies_n and_o so_o the_o object_n will_v appear_v double_a for_o then_o because_o the_o beam_n of_o the_o one_o eye_n do_v not_o equal_o reach_v the_o object_n as_o neither_o do_v the_o beam_n of_o the_o other_o that_o which_o the_o sense_n perceive_v twice_o it_o perceive_v as_o if_o it_o be_v double_a or_o two_o several_a thing_n which_o also_o happen_v in_o the_o sense_n of_o touch_v for_o if_o one_o finger_n be_v so_o fold_v with_o the_o other_o that_o it_o be_v lay_v above_o it_o and_o therewith_o a_o man_n touch_v a_o stone_n the_o touch_n will_v judge_v that_o to_o be_v double_a which_o be_v but_o one_o in_o the_o palsy_n or_o the_o convulsion_n of_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o eye_n it_o happen_v that_o the_o object_n present_v themselves_o in_o a_o double_a form_n because_o the_o eye_n depart_v from_o the_o same_o superficies_n so_o also_o the_o optic_n be_v either_o loosen_a or_o convel_v the_o pupilla_fw-la or_o apple_n do_v not_o retain_v his_o equality_n whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o all_o thing_n appear_v double_a and_o so_o sometime_o a_o drunken_a man_n will_v think_v all_o thing_n that_o he_o see_v double_a in_o like_a manner_n some_o that_o be_v strabone_n that_o be_v squint-eyed_a do_v see_v thing_n double_a because_o one_o of_o the_o pupillaes_n be_v either_o raise_v up_o or_o depress_v but_o if_o the_o eye_n be_v in_o the_o same_o plain_a though_o they_o be_v two_o yet_o the_o visible_a thing_n be_v present_v simple_a before_o they_o because_o the_o same_o species_n and_o the_o same_o magnitude_n at_o the_o same_o time_n be_v receive_v of_o both_o the_o eye_n and_o be_v together_o offer_v to_o the_o common_a sense_n which_o do_v not_o discern_v any_o thing_n but_o that_o which_o be_v present_a we_o conclude_v therefore_o that_o first_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o final_a cause_n which_o as_o we_o have_v often_o conclusion_n the_o conclusion_n repeat_v out_o of_o aristotle_n be_v the_o first_o and_o chief_a cause_n in_o the_o work_n of_o nature_n it_o be_v that_o the_o two_o eye_n be_v together_o and_o at_o once_o move_v i_o say_v this_o be_v because_o it_o do_v much_o tend_v to_o the_o perfection_n of_o the_o sense_n and_o nature_n do_v continual_o fit_v her_o instrument_n as_o they_o may_v best_o further_o the_o final_a cause_n which_o whither_o you_o call_v the_o use_n of_o the_o necessity_n it_o be_v no_o great_a matter_n and_o therefore_o she_o have_v so_o dispose_v the_o nerve_n of_o the_o second_o conjugation_n which_o do_v carry_v the_o command_n of_o motion_n and_o the_o animal_n spirit_n into_o the_o muscle_n which_o be_v therefore_o term_v porter_n and_o cadgers_n that_o in_o their_o beginning_n they_o be_v continual_a make_v as_o it_o be_v on_o chord_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o right_n can_v be_v move_v but_o the_o other_o will_v follow_v his_o motion_n and_o this_o be_v a_o new_a and_o a_o most_o elegant_a observation_n the_o other_o question_n we_o shall_v discover_v out_o of_o cassius_n to_o wit_n wherefore_o the_o disease_n of_o solution_n the_o second_o question_n why_o the_o disease_n of_o the_o one_o eye_n only_o do_v more_o provoke_v us._n solution_n one_o eye_n do_v more_o vex_v we_o then_o if_o both_o be_v disease_v whether_o it_o be_v
of_o his_o ten_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la part_n acknowledge_v a_o three_o cause_n of_o this_o their_o meeting_n to_o wit_n that_o the_o form_n &_o image_n of_o visible_a thing_n may_v be_v unite_v for_o three_o the_o three_o though_o the_o species_n be_v carry_v through_o two_o organ_n yet_o they_o appear_v single_a and_o not_o double_a and_o this_o be_v aristotle_n mind_n in_o the_o first_o book_n of_o his_o problem_n and_o the_o three_o section_n where_o he_o demand_v why_o the_o eye_n be_v together_o and_o at_o once_o move_v because_o say_v he_o they_o have_v one_o beginning_n of_o motion_n to_o wit_n the_o meeting_n of_o the_o optic_a nerve_n and_o avicen_n be_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n but_o i_o say_v laurentius_n do_v not_o altogether_o approve_v of_o this_o cause_n of_o their_o coition_n for_o vesalius_n write_v that_o he_o observe_v in_o a_o young_a man_n that_o these_o optic_a nerve_n do_v no_o where_n meet_v and_o yet_o he_o never_o in_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o his_o life_n complain_v of_o any_o depravation_n or_o infirmity_n of_o sight_n aristotle_n write_v in_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr anima_fw-la and_o in_o the_o 4._o of_o his_o metaphysic_n that_o the_o sense_n be_v never_o deceive_v about_o his_o proper_a object_n what_o need_n be_v there_o then_o of_o this_o conjunction_n again_o if_o we_o obtain_v this_o by_o the_o coition_n of_o these_o nerve_n that_o the_o species_n and_o form_n of_o either_o eye_n be_v unite_v into_o one_o then_o why_o shall_v not_o those_o many_o thing_n which_o be_v see_v together_o appear_v but_o one_o in_o like_a manner_n though_o there_o be_v two_o ear_n and_o two_o nostril_n yet_o the_o object_n do_v not_o appear_v manifold_a to_o the_o sense_n it_o be_v not_o therefore_o from_o this_o coition_n of_o the_o optic_n that_o the_o object_n appear_v simple_a but_o because_o the_o apple_n of_o the_o eye_n be_v in_o the_o same_o plain_a and_o be_v turn_v towards_o the_o visible_a object_n at_o the_o same_o moment_n four_o some_o will_v have_v the_o opticke_n to_o meet_v to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v more_o fit_o proceed_v out_o of_o the_o perforation_n in_o the_o scull_n and_o so_o may_v be_v carry_v direct_o to_o the_o eye_n reason_n the_o 4._o reason_n last_o galen_n in_o the_o 14._o chapter_n of_o his_o ten_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la conceive_v that_o they_o meet_v that_o so_o the_o visive_a spirit_n may_v pass_v from_o the_o one_o eye_n into_o the_o other_o in_o a_o moment_n reason_n the_o 5._o reason_n for_o the_o perfection_n of_o the_o sight_n so_o the_o one_o eye_n be_v shut_v we_o do_v see_v more_o accuratelie_o with_o the_o other_o and_o these_o be_v all_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o coition_n or_o meeting_n of_o the_o optic_a nerve_n let_v we_o now_o follow_v on_o and_o declare_v the_o manner_n of_o their_o insertion_n the_o optic_a nerve_n nerve_n the_o insertion_n of_o the_o optic_a nerve_n do_v consist_v of_o a_o double_a substance_n a_o internal_a which_o be_v marrowye_n and_o a_o external_a which_o be_v membranous_a the_o inner_a marrow_n when_o it_o attain_v to_o the_o crystalline_a humour_n be_v dilate_v and_o so_o diffuse_v visive_a spirit_n through_o the_o whole_a eye_n out_o of_o this_o dilatation_n arise_v a_o coat_n which_o they_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o the_o net-like_a coat_n which_o as_o galen_n teach_v in_o the_o second_o chapter_n of_o his_o ten_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la do_v neither_o in_o colour_n nor_o substance_n deserve_v the_o name_n of_o a_o coat_n but_o if_o you_o cast_v it_o into_o water_n you_o shall_v see_v it_o resemble_v the_o soft_a white_a and_o marrowy_a substance_n of_o the_o brain_n but_o the_o outward_a part_n of_o the_o optic_a nerve_n do_v consist_v of_o two_o coat_n the_o one_o whereof_o be_v propagate_v from_o the_o thin_a meninx_n the_o other_o from_o the_o hard_a the_o one_o be_v spend_v into_o the_o grapie_a coat_n the_o other_o into_o the_o horny_a membrane_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o by_o the_o continuitie_n of_o this_o optic_a nerve_n the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v carry_v even_o in_o a_o moment_n unto_o the_o apple_n of_o the_o eye_n concern_v the_o last_o question_n which_o be_v of_o the_o inner_a cavity_n of_o the_o optic_a nerve_n galen_n nerve_n of_o the_o cavitie_n of_o the_o optic_a nerve_n write_v in_o the_o ten_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la that_o they_o be_v manifest_o hollow_a and_o therefore_o herophilus_n call_v these_o nerve_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d because_o they_o be_v perforate_v or_o hole_v through_o but_o we_o do_v not_o admit_v this_o sensible_a cavity_n in_o nerve_n yet_o we_o will_v have_v they_o to_o be_v the_o most_o soft_a of_o all_o the_o nerve_n and_o more_o spongy_a that_o they_o may_v receive_v and_o transport_v a_o more_o copious_a and_o abundant_a source_n of_o animal_n spirir_n qvest._n xxx_o whether_o the_o light_n be_v the_o object_n of_o the_o sight_n there_o be_v some_o which_o do_v determine_v that_o light_n be_v the_o object_n of_o sight_n ground_v their_o opinion_n upon_o this_o foundation_n because_o every_o thing_n which_o be_v see_v sight_n their_o reason_n which_o say_v light_n be_v the_o object_n of_o sight_n either_o be_v light_a or_o it_o be_v see_v by_o the_o light_n or_o as_o simplicius_n say_v that_o which_o be_v see_v be_v either_o light_n or_o never_o a_o kin_n unto_o it_o conclude_v hence_o that_o light_n be_v visible_a by_o itself_o but_o colour_n and_o other_o thing_n only_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o light_n insomuch_o as_o light_n be_v the_o cause_n wherefore_o they_o be_v see_v but_o none_o of_o these_o be_v true_a &_o first_o of_o all_o that_o proposition_n may_v not_o be_v grant_v to_o wit_n that_o whatsoever_o be_v see_v be_v either_o light_n or_o be_v see_v by_o the_o light_n or_o be_v very_o like_a to_o it_o for_o if_o they_o take_v see_v in_o so_o large_a a_o sense_n as_o to_o perceive_v a_o thing_n with_o the_o eye_n as_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o they_o must_v grant_v for_o else_o we_o will_v deny_v that_o the_o light_n itself_o may_v be_v see_v then_o will_v also_o darkness_n itself_o be_v see_v which_o neither_o be_v nor_o may_v be_v see_v by_o the_o light_n neither_o be_v it_o of_o a_o nature_n like_o unto_o it_o again_o all_o thing_n be_v not_o see_v by_o light_n for_o there_o be_v something_n which_o be_v make_v conspicuous_a dark_a some_o thing_n be_v see_v in_o the_o dark_a only_o by_o darkness_n but_o in_o too_o clear_a and_o splendide_fw-la a_o light_n they_o fly_v from_o the_o sense_n as_o the_o scale_n and_o eye_n of_o fish_n old_a rot_a wood_n yea_o i_o say_v the_o star_n themselves_o which_o therefore_o the_o vulgar_a imagine_n do_v fall_v because_o they_o be_v obscure_v by_o the_o light_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o so_o take_v from_o our_o sight_n but_o at_o the_o return_n of_o the_o evening_n twilight_n to_o wit_n see_v how_o the_o star_n be_v see_v when_o the_o light_n go_v away_o and_o the_o night_n approach_v they_o be_v by_o degree_n restore_v to_o our_o sight_n again_o as_o in_o the_o morning_n twilight_n they_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n do_v withdraw_v themselves_o by_o little_a and_o little_a from_o us._n therefore_o every_o thing_n which_o be_v see_v be_v not_o light_a or_o see_v by_o the_o light_n reason_n and_o aristotle_n doctrine_n do_v contradict_v this_o opinion_n for_o we_o be_v teach_v by_o both_o these_o that_o the_o eye_n shall_v be_v free_a from_o his_o own_o object_n that_o so_o it_o may_v receive_v it_o more_o eye_n light_n be_v not_o the_o object_n of_o the_o sight_n because_o it_o be_v in_o the_o eye_n sincere_o but_o the_o eye_n both_o in_o regard_n of_o his_o whole_a frame_n and_o composition_n and_o especial_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o crystalline_a humour_n where_o the_o reception_n of_o the_o object_n be_v proper_o make_v be_v especial_o light_a and_o clear_a light_v therefore_o can_v be_v the_o object_n of_o the_o sight_n moreover_o to_o see_v be_v not_o only_o to_o know_v a_o thing_n with_o the_o eye_n for_o this_o be_v too_o large_a a_o a_o signification_n and_o agree_v to_o many_o thing_n beside_o the_o proper_a object_n but_o we_o do_v proper_o see_v that_o in_o which_o when_o it_o be_v perceive_v with_o the_o eye_n the_o sight_n be_v determine_v and_o stay_v itself_o but_o the_o sight_n be_v not_o terminate_v in_o the_o light_n though_o the_o eye_n do_v perceive_v it_o but_o reach_v always_o beyond_o it_o see_v therefore_o the_o light_n can_v be_v true_o see_v it_o can_v be_v the_o true_a object_n of_o sight_n furthermore_o a_o incorporeal_a object_n can_v alter_v a_o corporeal_a organ_n except_o it_o proceed_v vision_n the_o alteration_n of_o the_o organ_n be_v requisite_a to_o vision_n from_o a_o body_n that_o
be_v within_o the_o house_n do_v easy_o hear_v a_o noise_n that_o be_v make_v without_o because_o the_o sound_n enter_v into_o the_o house_n be_v contract_v gather_v or_o unite_v and_o therefore_o it_o must_v needs_o move_v the_o sense_n more_o full_o the_o very_a same_o reason_n seem_v to_o be_v in_o the_o act_n of_o sight_n for_o be_v within_o door_n we_o see_v better_a that_o which_o be_v do_v without_o then_o if_o we_o be_v without_o door_n we_o shall_v discern_v what_o be_v do_v within_o for_o the_o species_n come_v from_o without_o into_o the_o house_n be_v gather_v and_o unite_v again_o the_o visive_a virtue_n of_o the_o eye_n within_o the_o house_n which_o undertake_v to_o view_v that_o which_o be_v without_o be_v easy_o dissipate_v or_o disunit_a the_o eight_o and_o last_o question_n shall_v be_v whether_o when_o many_o man_n talk_v together_o they_o can_v be_v hear_v further_a than_o if_o one_o man_n only_o speak_v imagine_v the_o voice_n to_o be_v equal_a this_o aristotle_n 8._o problem_n a_o pretty_a question_n aristotle_n question_n make_v aristotle_n at_o a_o stand_n yet_o he_o resolve_v it_o thus_o in_o the_o second_o problem_n of_o the_o 19_o section_n it_o be_v say_v he_o because_o it_o be_v more_o easy_a to_o work_v with_o unite_a power_n then_o with_o single_a and_o separate_a for_o all_o compound_n thing_n be_v of_o great_a force_n than_o singulares_fw-la wherefore_o when_o many_o man_n voice_n go_v together_o the_o sound_z must_v needs_o be_v constant_a and_o unite_a and_o so_o drive_v the_o air_n much_o far_a than_o otherwise_o it_o will_v be_v drive_v by_o a_o single_a voice_n in_o the_o same_o key_n to_o aristotle_n we_o add_v experience_n and_o example_n experience_n because_o you_o may_v hear_v the_o tumult_n of_o a_o army_n further_o than_o the_o vociferation_n or_o cry_n of_o one_o soldier_n experience_n experience_n again_o in_o market_n and_o fair_n where_o many_o people_n be_v assemble_v the_o murmur_n of_o the_o multitude_n be_v hear_v further_o than_o the_o voice_n of_o one_o man_n though_o he_o be_v loud_o than_o his_o fellow_n the_o noise_n of_o a_o frog_n be_v not_o great_a iwis_o yet_o what_o time_n they_o breed_v they_o may_v be_v hear_v many_o mile_n out_o of_o the_o isle_n of_o elie._n neither_o be_v we_o to_o wonder_v at_o this_o for_o we_o have_v example_n example_n example_n of_o the_o like_a in_o the_o object_n of_o other_o sense_n as_o many_o candle_n of_o a_o equal_a bigness_n will_v enlighten_v the_o air_n further_o than_o one_o candle_n though_o it_o be_v big_a than_o any_o of_o the_o other_o a_o heap_n of_o sand_n may_v be_v see_v a_o great_a way_n off_o on_o the_o seashore_n but_o a_o moat_n of_o sand_n can_v scarce_o be_v discern_v under_o the_o eye_n if_o therefore_o it_o be_v so_o in_o the_o visible_a object_n why_o shall_v we_o not_o acknowledge_v it_o in_o the_o audible_a for_o although_o the_o species_n of_o particular_a voice_n be_v not_o unite_v yet_o where_o there_o be_v a_o total_a aggregation_n or_o heap_v up_o of_o many_o species_n together_o they_o may_v produce_v one_o that_o a_o may_v attain_v to_o a_o further_a limit_n than_o any_o of_o they_o can_v do_v in_o particular_a i_o know_v well_o that_o aristotle_n in_o another_o place_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o 52_o problem_n of_o the_o 11_o section_n seem_v to_o contradict_v that_o we_o have_v before_o allege_v out_o of_o he_o which_o be_v the_o himself_o aristotle_n contradict_v himself_o reason_n that_o i_o say_v before_o aristocle_n be_v doubtful_a in_o the_o resolution_n of_o this_o question_n but_o because_o that_o which_o we_o have_v quote_v be_v the_o last_o and_o after-thought_n they_o say_v be_v the_o wise_a we_o will_v rest_v ourselves_o therein_o for_o if_o we_o shall_v take_v occasion_n to_o dispute_v with_o aristotle_n too_o and_o fro_o always_o when_o we_o have_v occasion_n offer_v we_o shall_v weary_v ourselves_o and_o forget_v that_o our_o philosophy_n be_v not_o of_o the_o main_a but_o by_o the_o buy_v wherefore_o we_o return_v again_o to_o our_o anatomy_n qvest._n xliiii_o of_o the_o wonderful_a sympathy_n and_o consent_n of_o the_o eaere_n the_o palate_n the_o tongue_n and_o the_o throttle_v there_o be_v many_o thing_n which_o do_v manifest_v this_o wonderful_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o communion_n of_o the_o ear_n with_o the_o instrument_n of_o the_o voice_n which_o that_o genius_n of_o nature_n voice_n the_o sympathy_n of_o the_o ear_n &_o instrument_n of_o the_o voice_n aristotle_n in_o the_o 32._o section_n of_o his_o problem_n have_v declare_v for_o when_o we_o will_v hear_v any_o thing_n attentive_o we_o hold_v our_o breath_n when_o we_o yawn_v we_o do_v not_o hear_v so_o exquisite_o and_o if_o you_o goad_n the_o tympane_n of_o the_o ear_n with_o a_o penknife_n it_o will_v present_o cause_v a_o dry_a cough_n those_o which_o be_v half_o deaf_a do_v speak_v but_o stutter_o be_v their_o voice_n be_v make_v through_o their_o nose_n again_o those_o who_o from_o their_o birth_n be_v deaf_a be_v in_o like_a manner_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v be_v dumb_a last_o if_o you_o hold_v a_o instrument_n in_o your_o mouth_n or_o betwixt_o your_o tooth_n and_o stop_v your_o ear_n you_o shall_v hear_v more_o perfect_o whence_o it_o be_v that_o deaf_a man_n do_v hear_v best_o by_o their_o mouth_n all_o these_o be_v certain_a and_o plain_a argument_n of_o that_o communion_n and_o sympathy_n be_v whence_o this_o communion_n be_v which_o be_v betwixt_o the_o ear_n and_o the_o vocal_a instrument_n to_o wit_n the_o mouth_n the_o tongue_n and_o the_o throttle_v but_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o communion_n be_v not_o know_v to_o all_o some_o think_v that_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n or_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o fifte_a conjugation_n and_o that_o of_o the_o seven_o which_o move_v the_o tongue_n be_v cover_v with_o the_o same_o coat_n from_o their_o beginning_n and_o therefore_o the_o affect_n of_o those_o part_n be_v easy_o communicate_v but_o ocular_a inspection_n do_v persuade_v the_o contrary_a for_o the_o passage_n and_o way_n of_o either_o conjugation_n be_v diverse_a and_o there_o be_v a_o great_a distance_n between_o they_o we_o say_v laurentius_n will_v acknowledge_v a_o double_a cause_n of_o this_o communion_n the_o one_o be_v refer_v unto_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n the_o other_o unto_o a_o little_a canale_n or_o pipe_n which_o be_v unknown_a to_o the_o ancient_n the_o nerve_n of_o the_o first_o conjugation_n branch_v out_o into_o many_o surcle_n the_o large_a be_v dilate_v into_o the_o ear_n and_o the_o membrane_n of_o most_o exquisite_a sense_n and_o carry_v the_o species_n or_o form_n of_o all_o sound_v unto_o the_o brain_n the_o lesser_a run_v unto_o the_o tongue_n and_o the_o communion_n a_o double_a cause_n of_o this_o communion_n throttle_v the_o affect_v therefore_o of_o the_o ear_n and_o the_o tongue_n be_v easy_o communicate_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o communion_n of_o the_o vessel_n which_o according_a to_o hypocrates_n and_o galen_n be_v the_o only_a cause_n of_o this_o sympathy_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o ear_n be_v provoke_v or_o goad_v do_v cause_n a_o dry_a cough_n whereof_o avicen_n make_v mention_v hence_o also_o it_o be_v that_o almost_o all_o deaf_a man_n be_v dumb_a or_o at_o least_o have_v but_o a_o imperfect_a speech_n the_o auditory_a vessel_n hypocrates_n his_o community_n of_o vessel_n nerve_n be_v affect_v which_o be_v complicate_v or_o fold_v with_o the_o seven_o conjugation_n for_o i_o do_v not_o approve_v of_o that_o common_a position_n that_o deaf_a man_n be_v therefore_o dumb_a because_o they_o can_v learn_v no_o language_n and_o because_o hear_v be_v the_o sense_n of_o knowledge_n for_o if_o they_o be_v only_o dumb_a for_o this_o cause_n wherefore_o shall_v they_o then_o sigh_v &_o mourn_v with_o so_o great_a difficulty_n which_o be_v natural_a passion_n why_o shall_v they_o not_o as_o well_o as_o those_o which_o be_v the_o first_o inventor_n of_o thing_n fain_a language_n and_o word_n whereby_o they_o may_v express_v the_o thought_n and_o discourse_n of_o their_o mind_n if_o they_o can_v utter_v they_o for_o nature_n have_v arm_v a_o man_n although_o he_o be_v deaf_a with_o reason_n and_o understanding_n for_o invention_n it_o remain_v that_o we_o proceed_v unto_o the_o second_o cause_n of_o this_o consent_n which_o be_v by_o a_o sympathy_n the_o second_o cause_n of_o the_o sympathy_n gristly_a canale_n like_o a_o water-pipe_n which_o be_v convey_v from_o the_o second_o hole_n of_o the_o ear_n unto_o the_o mouth_n &_o pallate_n this_o course_n or_o pipe_n be_v appoint_v for_o the_o purge_n of_o the_o inbred_a air_n for_o the_o avoid_n of_o the_o excrement_n of_o the_o ear_n as_o also_o that_o the_o inbred_a air_n may_v be_v recreate_v by_o the_o arrival_n
to_o the_o pupilla_fw-la or_o apple_n they_o be_v not_o stiff_o yet_o this_o be_v not_o because_o they_o be_v fiery_a but_o as_o aristotle_n teach_v in_o his_o problem_n because_o they_o be_v environ_v with_o abundance_n of_o fat_a which_o fat_a though_o it_o stiff_a why_o not_o stiff_a have_v for_o his_o efficient_a cause_n a_o defect_n or_o weakness_n of_o heat_n yet_o not_o withstand_v by_o his_o reflection_n it_o do_v augment_v the_o heat_n and_o by_o his_o sliminesse_n do_v hinder_v the_o ingress_n of_o the_o air_n which_o beat_v upon_o they_o to_o these_o we_o join_v the_o plenty_n of_o animal_n spirit_n and_o the_o perpetual_a motion_n of_o the_o eye_n qvest._n xxv_o wherefore_o the_o eye_n be_v diverse_o colour_v aristotle_n in_o the_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr anima_fw-la say_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d omne_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d every_o organ_n must_v be_v devoyde_a of_o any_o quality_n lest_o all_o thing_n shall_v savour_n of_o that_o same_o quality_n which_o be_v in_o the_o organ_n but_o the_o eye_n be_v the_o organ_n of_o sight_n they_o therefore_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v colour_v for_o if_o they_o be_v all_o thing_n will_v appear_v to_o be_v of_o the_o same_o colour_n for_o all_o thing_n appear_v red_a to_o those_o that_o labour_n of_o a_o inflammation_n of_o the_o eye_n or_o have_v the_o blood_n collect_v in_o they_o by_o a_o blow_n or_o stripe_n or_o otherwise_o in_o like_a manner_n those_o that_o be_v trouble_v with_o the_o jaundice_n because_o their_o eye_n be_v colour_v with_o yellow_a choler_n do_v see_v all_o thing_n as_o if_o they_o be_v yellow_a on_o the_o other_o side_n that_o the_o eye_n be_v colour_v even_o our_o own_o sense_n do_v teach_v we_o for_o some_o man_n be_v walleyed_n some_o man_n eye_n black_a some_o man_n sky-coloured_a and_o other_o greenish_a and_o so_o in_o the_o rest_n we_o answer_v according_a to_o aristotle_n that_o the_o name_n of_o colour_n be_v sometime_o colour_n a_o double_a acceptation_n of_o colour_n use_v more_o large_o sometime_o more_o strict_o in_o this_o large_a signification_n all_o thing_n which_o may_v be_v see_v be_v say_v to_o be_v colour_v so_o translucent_a thing_n though_o that_o can_v limit_v or_o determine_v the_o sight_n yet_o be_v they_o colour_v aristotle_n in_o his_o book_n of_o colour_n call_v the_o air_n white_a and_o the_o fire_n red_a but_o there_o be_v another_o acception_n of_o colour_n more_o strict_a whereby_o it_o be_v define_v thus_o a_o colour_n be_v the_o extremity_n of_o a_o terminate_v pellucide_n body_n in_o the_o first_o signification_n the_o whole_a eye_n be_v colour_v all_o his_o part_n be_v colour_v because_o they_o be_v aspectible_a and_o may_v be_v see_v but_o in_o the_o latter_a signification_n only_o the_o coniunctive_a colour_v how_o the_o eye_n may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v colour_v and_o grapy_a coat_n be_v true_o colour_v for_o the_o adnata_fw-la be_v white_a the_o grapy_n be_v diverse_o colour_v black_a blue_a and_o grass-green_a to_o recollect_v the_o spirit_n that_o be_v before_o dissipate_v or_o disperse_v that_o it_o may_v break_v the_o splendour_n of_o the_o externallight_n and_o that_o the_o chrystaline_a humour_n may_v be_v as_o it_o be_v refresh_v with_o that_o colour_n as_o with_o a_o looking-glass_n but_o the_o principal_a part_n of_o vision_n which_o receive_v the_o species_n of_o visible_a thing_n and_o be_v change_v by_o the_o colour_n be_v not_o at_o all_o colour_a but_o bright_a and_o lucide_n only_o now_o light_a and_o perspicuity_n or_o nature_n common_a to_o all_o visible_a species_n which_o help_v the_o reception_n of_o these_o species_n aristotle_n have_v observe_v in_o lib._n 5._o chap._n 1._o de_fw-la generate_fw-la animal_n which_o also_o pliny_n repeat_v in_o lib._n 2._o cap._n â—7_n of_o his_o natural_a history_n that_o only_o the_o eye_n of_o a_o man_n be_v of_o manifold_a &_o diverse_a colour_n in_o other_o creature_n the_o eye_n be_v all_o alike_o according_a to_o their_o kind_n so_o the_o eye_n of_o all_o ox_n be_v black_a the_o eye_n of_o sheep_n watery_a of_o other_o creature_n red_a except_v a_o horse_n which_o be_v sometime_o wall_n eye_v but_o the_o eye_n of_o a_o man_n be_v diverse_o colour_v of_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o eye_n some_o be_v extreme_a some_o of_o a_o middle_a nature_n the_o extreme_a colour_n be_v according_a to_o aristotle_n galen_n and_o avicen_n two_o namely_o the_o whitish_a or_o wall_n colour_n eye_n the_o difference_n of_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o eye_n and_o the_o black_a this_o wall-colour_n be_v somewhat_o whitish_a and_o aristotle_n in_o his_o 5._o book_n de_fw-la gener_fw-la animal_n and_o galen_n cap._n 27._o artis_fw-la paruae_fw-la seem_v to_o oppose_v this_o wall-colour_n to_o black_a this_o caesius_n or_o wall-coloured_n the_o grecian_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d from_o a_o night-owle_n which_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d who_o eye_n shine_v with_o a_o greenish_a whiteness_n some_o do_v confound_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o yet_o they_o be_v to_o be_v distinguish_v for_o though_o either_o colour_n do_v somewhat_o tend_v to_o green_a yet_o this_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o wal-coloured_n do_v approach_n near_o to_o white_a &_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o tawny_a unto_o red._n aristotle_n in_o his_o physiognomy_n of_o the_o eye_n affirm_v this_o wall-colour_n in_o the_o eye_n to_o be_v a_o sign_n of_o a_o fearful_a man_n but_o this_o tawny_a colour_n of_o a_o bold_a and_o stout_a courage_n therefore_o the_o eye_n of_o lion_n and_o eagle_n be_v proper_o say_v to_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o tawny_a but_o the_o eye_n of_o old_a man_n and_o child_n to_o be_v wall_n colour_v either_o colour_n do_v shine_v but_o that_o brightness_n which_o be_v in_o wall_n eye_n be_v more_o white_a like_o that_o which_o be_v in_o the_o scale_n of_o fish_n in_o tawny_a eye_n the_o splendour_n be_v fiery_a as_o it_o be_v in_o burn_a coal_n the_o intermediate_v or_o mix_v colour_n of_o the_o eye_n be_v diverse_a according_a to_o the_o diverse_a mixture_n of_o the_o extreme_n concern_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o variety_n of_o colour_n there_o be_v diverse_a opinion_n according_a empedocles_n the_o cause_n of_o the_o variety_n of_o colour_n empedocles_n to_o the_o diversity_n of_o man_n empedocles_n compose_v the_o eye_n of_o fire_n and_o water_n wherefore_o he_o suppose_v that_o the_o wall-colour_n proceed_v from_o the_o predominance_n of_o the_o fire_n &_o the_o black_a from_o the_o abundance_n of_o water_n aristotle_n in_o his_o five_o book_n degeneratione_n animalium_fw-la refer_v the_o cause_n of_o these_o colour_n unto_o the_o plenty_n or_o scarcity_n of_o humour_n which_o he_o do_v illustrate_v by_o this_o example_n of_o air_n and_o water_n for_o say_v he_o if_o we_o look_v into_o a_o deep_a water_n or_o into_o thick_a air_n they_o will_v both_o seem_v aristotle_n aristotle_n black_a and_o obscure_a but_o if_o either_o of_o they_o be_v rare_a and_o thin_a the_o colour_n will_v appear_v tawny_a and_o splendent_a the_o blackness_n therefore_o of_o the_o eye_n be_v from_o the_o plenty_n and_o abundance_n of_o humour_n the_o wall_n eye_n be_v from_o the_o paucity_n and_o scarsenesse_n auerrhoe_n think_v that_o the_o whiteness_n of_o the_o eye_n proceed_v from_o coldness_n because_o auerrhoe_n auerrhoe_n for_o the_o most_o part_n all_o white_a thing_n be_v cold_a as_o the_o brain_n the_o fat_a the_o marrow_n the_o bone_n the_o membrane_n and_o blackness_n from_o heat_n galen_n in_o the_o 27_o chapter_n artis_fw-la paruae_fw-la refer_v the_o cause_n of_o colour_n unto_o the_o plenty_n splendour_n opinion_n galens_n opinion_n and_o situation_n of_o the_o crystalline_a and_o watery_a humour_n for_o say_v he_o a_o wall_n eye_n come_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o plenty_n or_o splendour_n of_o the_o crystalline_a or_o because_o of_o the_o prominent_a &_o bunch_v situation_n and_o also_o the_o paucity_n and_o purity_n of_o the_o thin_a and_o watery_a humour_n but_o a_o black_a eye_n come_v either_o from_o the_o scarcity_n of_o the_o crystalline_a or_o from_o the_o over-deepe_a situation_n of_o it_o or_o because_o it_o be_v not_o exquisite_o splendid_a and_o clear_a or_o because_o the_o watery_a humour_n be_v too_o abundant_a and_o yet_o not_o altogether_o pure_a thus_o far_o galen_n avicen_n refer_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o variety_n of_o these_o colour_n unto_o the_o grapie_a coat_n which_o as_o opinion_n auicens_fw-la opinion_n it_o be_v diverse_o colour_a itself_o so_o it_o do_v produce_v diverse_a colour_n in_o the_o eye_n a_o black_a coat_n cause_v black_a colour_n as_o a_o bluish_a coat_n a_o colour_n of_o the_o same_o kind_n and_o his_o opinion_n do_v vesalius_n follow_v but_o to_o the_o end_n that_o we_o may_v reconcile_v the_o different_a opinion_n of_o so_o grave_a author_n we_o do_v acknowledge_v
three_o cause_n of_o this_o variety_n the_o humour_n the_o coat_n and_o the_o spirit_n the_o humour_n of_o the_o eye_n be_v three_o first_o the_o watery_a second_o the_o crystalline_a three_o the_o glassy_a this_o last_o because_o it_o can_v be_v perceive_v and_o be_v place_v in_o the_o hindmost_a part_n of_o the_o eye_n do_v humour_n the_o first_o cause_n refer_v to_o the_o humour_n confer_v nothing_o or_o very_o little_a unto_o the_o diversity_n of_o colour_n but_o this_o virtue_n of_o alteration_n and_o change_v the_o colour_n of_o the_o eye_n depend_v most_o upon_o the_o watery_a and_o glassy_a or_o crystal_n humour_n in_o these_o humour_n also_o three_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v their_o substance_n quantity_n &_o situation_n by_o the_o name_n of_o substance_n i_o understand_v the_o purity_n or_o impurity_n the_o splendour_n darkness_n tewity_n and_o density_n the_o quantity_n do_v note_v the_o plenty_n or_o scarcity_n of_o the_o observe_v in_o humour_n 3_o thing_n to_o be_v observe_v humour_n the_o site_n be_v either_o more_o hollow_a and_o profound_a or_o more_o prominent_a and_o bear_v out_o there_o be_v therefore_o three_o cause_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o crystalline_a of_o a_o wally_n and_o white_a colour_n in_o the_o eye_n first_o the_o plenty_n of_o the_o crystalline_a second_o the_o purity_n and_o splendour_n thereof_o and_o his_o prominent_a situation_n for_o so_o the_o crystalline_a humour_n by_o his_o own_o &_o proper_a brightness_n illuminate_v the_o watery_a humour_n and_o the_o whole_a eye_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o watery_a humour_n there_o be_v two_o cause_n of_o this_o wallinesse_n the_o splendour_n and_o the_o paucity_n or_o scarcity_n of_o it_o for_o a_o small_a and_o pure_a watery_a humour_n do_v less_o hinder_v the_o fulgour_fw-la or_o brightness_n of_o the_o crystalline_a humour_n the_o cause_n of_o blackness_n be_v quite_o contrary_a as_o in_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o cristaline_a the_o paucity_n or_o smallness_n of_o it_o his_o impurity_n and_o deep_a situation_n and_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o watery_a the_o impurity_n blackness_n the_o cause_n of_o blackness_n and_o plenty_n be_v the_o cause_n thereof_o but_o haply_o that_o which_o aristotle_n write_v in_o the_o 14_o problem_n and_o the_o 14._o section_n may_v seem_v to_o contradict_v our_o assertion_n where_o he_o say_v the_o ethyopian_o have_v black_a eye_n and_o those_o that_o inhabit_v the_o north_n white_a but_o in_o the_o ethyopian_o objection_n objection_n there_o be_v less_o plenty_n of_o the_o watery_a humour_n by_o reason_n of_o that_o ambient_fw-la air_n exicate_v or_o dry_v up_o all_o thing_n in_o those_o of_o the_o north_n it_o be_v more_o abundant_a i_o answer_v that_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o ethiopian_n be_v black_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o paucity_n of_o their_o visive_a spirit_n for_o they_o be_v resolve_v and_o dissipate_v by_o the_o heat_n whereby_o it_o happen_v that_o solution_n solution_n the_o light_n of_o the_o spirit_n fail_v the_o eye_n appear_v as_o it_o be_v dark_a or_o overshadow_a but_o the_o northern_a people_n do_v abound_v with_o many_o spirit_n the_o intermediate_v colour_n do_v depend_v upon_o intermediate_v cause_n the_o second_o cause_n of_o the_o diversity_n of_o colour_n in_o the_o eye_n may_v be_v refer_v to_o the_o coat_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v vueam_n or_o the_o grapy_a coat_n for_o this_o only_a because_o it_o be_v diverse_o colour_v colour_n the_o second_o cause_n of_o the_o diversity_n of_o colour_n cause_v a_o variegated_a or_o diverse_a colour_a eye_n so_o in_o the_o circle_n of_o the_o eye_n which_o they_o call_v the_o iris_n or_o rainbow_n diverse_a colour_n do_v appear_v because_o in_o that_o part_n the_o grapy_a coat_n be_v diverse_a colour_v last_o we_o think_v that_o the_o visive_a spirit_n do_v also_o confer_v something_o to_o the_o variety_n of_o these_o colour_n for_o thin_a pure_a clear_a and_o copious_a spirit_n cause_n whiteness_n but_o crass_a impure_a cause_n the_o 3._o cause_n foggy_a and_o few_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o blackenes_n now_o that_o there_o be_v spirit_n in_o the_o eye_n may_v be_v manifest_a by_o these_o argument_n first_o because_o while_o the_o creature_n be_v a_o live_v the_o eye_n seem_v to_o be_v exceed_o stretch_v neither_o be_v any_o part_n thereof_o loose_a and_o corrugate_v and_o the_o one_o of_o they_o be_v shut_v the_o pupilla_fw-la or_o apple_n of_o the_o other_o be_v present_o dilate_v to_o wit_n because_o the_o spirit_n pass_v more_o plentiful_o through_o the_o netlike-coat_n into_o the_o grapy_a last_o because_o sometime_o the_o eye_n appear_v languide_v and_o obscure_v sometime_o cheerful_a and_o splendide_fw-la or_o bright_a qvest._n xxvi_o of_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o eye_n and_o their_o motion_n see_v the_o eye_n be_v as_o scoutwatche_n night_n and_o day_n watch_v for_o our_o good_a it_o be_v of_o necessity_n that_o they_o ought_v ready_o to_o be_v move_v every_o way_n that_o with_o facility_n they_o may_v be_v convert_v whither_o soever_o we_o will_v and_o to_o this_o motion_n a_o nerve_n of_o the_o second_o conjugation_n and_o six_o muscle_n do_v serve_v the_o first_o whereof_o lift_v up_o the_o second_o do_v depress_v the_o 3._o do_v draw_v forward_o the_o four_o draw_v backward_o and_o two_o do_v lead_v the_o eye_n about_o by_o all_o these_o perform_v their_o function_n together_o and_o stretch_v their_o fiber_n be_v the_o eye_n stay_v and_o fix_v for_o it_o be_v not_o as_o galen_n will_v have_v it_o and_o almost_o all_o anatomist_n follow_v his_o step_n establish_v or_o fix_v by_o a_o seven_o muscle_n compass_v the_o optic_a nerve_n because_o this_o muscle_n be_v only_o find_v in_o fourfooted_a beast_n which_o look_v prone_a towards_o the_o earth_n lest_o their_o eye_n shall_v fall_v out_o of_o their_o orb_n which_o muscle_n in_o a_o man_n be_v never_o to_o be_v find_v this_o motion_n whereby_o the_o eye_n be_v thus_o firm_v the_o physician_n call_v it_o tonicum_fw-la or_o a_o set_a motion_n and_o it_o be_v twofold_a the_o one_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o according_a to_o nature_n when_o the_o fibre_n of_o all_o the_o muscle_n be_v equal_o intend_v or_o stretch_v so_o that_o the_o muscle_n seem_v then_o to_o be_v at_o rest_n the_o other_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d beside_o nature_n when_o the_o eye_n remain_v fix_v &_o immovable_a whether_o we_o will_v or_o no._n which_o position_n hippocraetes_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr victus_fw-la ratione_fw-la in_o morbis_fw-la acutis_fw-la call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v a_o congelation_n and_o immobility_n or_o set_v and_o fix_v of_o the_o eye_n this_o fixednes_n or_o immobility_n happen_v when_o the_o faculty_n of_o the_o muscle_n which_o move_v the_o eye_n be_v resolve_v weaken_a or_o whole_o extinguish_v or_o because_o these_o muscle_n be_v all_o equal_o gather_v or_o contract_v into_o their_o head_n this_o posture_n of_o the_o eye_n they_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v a_o balance_v or_o equal_a fix_v of_o the_o eye_n which_o affect_v or_o disease_n be_v contrary_a to_o that_o they_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d where_o in_o the_o eye_n have_v a_o wander_a &_o unconstant_a stare_a as_o a_o horse_n look_v that_o be_v full_o feed_v whence_o also_o the_o disease_n take_v his_o name_n there_o be_v therefore_o only_o six_o muscle_n of_o the_o eye_n not_o seven_o and_o of_o these_o four_o have_v the_o government_n of_o the_o right_a motion_n two_o do_v oblique_o lead_v the_o eye_n about_o and_o thus_o may_v certain_a differ_v place_n in_o galen_n be_v reconcile_v for_o in_o his_o ten_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la he_o say_v that_o there_o be_v only_o four_o motion_n of_o the_o eye_n but_o in_o the_o four_o de_fw-fr locis_fw-la affectis_fw-la he_o determine_v that_o there_o be_v six_o concern_v the_o original_n of_o these_o muscle_n anatomist_n be_v not_o all_o of_o one_o mind_n some_o of_o they_o suppose_v that_o they_o spring_v from_o the_o hard_a meninx_n within_o the_o scull_n but_o we_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o four_o right_a muscle_n together_o with_o that_o oblique_a who_o tendon_n be_v compass_v about_o with_o the_o pulley_n do_v arise_v from_o that_o inside_n of_o the_o orb_n which_o be_v make_v by_o a_o portion_n of_o the_o wedge_n bone_n &_o this_o we_o be_v teach_v say_v my_o author_n both_o by_o experience_n &_o by_o autopsie_n or_o ocular_a inspection_n but_o from_o the_o membrane_n they_o neither_o ought_v nor_o can_v have_v their_o original_n they_o ought_v not_o because_o a_o membrane_n of_o a_o exquisite_a sense_n do_v compass_v the_o optic_a nerve_n and_o therefore_o the_o muscle_n in_o their_o motion_n will_v compress_v this_o nerve_n and_o so_o offer_v violence_n to_o the_o sight_n they_o can_v not_o because_o they_o shall_v not_o