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A34538 The kingdom of God among men a tract of the sound state of religion, or that Christianity which is described in the holy Scriptures and of the things that make for the security and increase thereof in the world, designing its more ample diffusion among the professed Christians of all sorts and its surer propagation to future ages : with The point of church-unity and schism discuss'd / by John Corbet. Corbet, John, 1620-1680. 1679 (1679) Wing C6258; ESTC R23940 125,145 296

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those bounds Subjects may not by coercive power reform the publick State and change the Laws which is the work of the Supream Magistrate But let it be considered whether they may not have their voluntary Assemblies for Gods Worship when they are driven from the communion of the legal Churches by the imposition of unlawfull terms or unnecessary terms apprehended by them to be unlawfull For in this case they are forced either to hold such Assemblies or to abide perpetually without those Spiritual priviledges which are their due and the ordinary means of their Salvation There is a great difference between inimical Separation like Sedition in a Common-wealth and Secregation upon necessary causes without breach of charity And among the necessary causes this may be one that all sober Christians who for conscience sake cannot submit to the way of the Established Churches may be relieved and that none may be exposed for lack of that relief to be lead aside into the error of the wicked as Heresie Infidelity or any other course of Impiety Indeed here is some variation from the ordinarily regular bounding of Churches But the partition of one Church from another by local bounds is not of absolute necessity and invariable but naturally eligible from the convenience thereof when it may be had But the state of some Christians may be such as to compel them to vary from it The scope hereof is not to set up Churches against Churches but either occasional and temporary Assemblies or at the most but divers Churches distinguished by their several places of assembling or by diversity of external order as the allowed Congregations of Foreigners in London are distinguished from the Parish Churches If any object the inconveniencies that may follow the permitting of Church Assemblies besides those of the Established Order the answer is That the wisdom and clemency of Rulers in any Nation where this case may be supposed can provide that as few as may be should stand in need of that permission by fixing the terms of Church communion and Ministerial liberty to such a latitude as may comprehend all the more moderate Dissenters And after such comprehension Christian charity will plead that all tolerable Dissenters that is all who believe and live as Christians may be tolerated within such limits as may stand with publick Peace and safety That which is here proposed may make for the relief of many thousand serious Christians without breach of the external order which is necessary to be maintained and is not set up to the hinderance of things more necessary It is to be noted that the offenders expresly marked out by the Apostle in the Text Rom. 16. 17. were ungodly men that opposed or perverted the Christian Doctrine and being Sensualists and deceivers disturbed and polluted the Christian Societies and seduced the simple into destructive error and practice Wherefore the Text is ill applied to the rigorous condemnation of honest and peaceable men that dissent only in some accidental or inferior points of Religion for which the Apostle forbids Christians to despise or judge one another Yet not only false Teachers but all Schismaticks are here condemned under this description viz. those that cause Divisions and Offences And though they be not direct opposers of sound Doctrine yet being Dividers or Disturbers they practice contrary to the Doctrine of Christ which teacheth Unity Love and Peace But still it must be observed that the reality of Schism lies not in being divided or disordered but in causing the division or disturbance or in a voluntary violation of or departing from true Church-Unity They that cause Divisions are not excused from Schism by the support of Secular Power nor are others convicted of it meerly by the want of that Support The Magistrates power in Sacred things is accumulative not destructive or diminitive to the rights of Christs Ministers and People It takes not from them any thing that Christ hath granted them but gives them a better capacity to make use thereof CHAP. IV. Of the Schisms that were in the more ancient times of the Church and the different case of the Nonconformists in these times OF those parties which were anciently reputed Schismaticks as violating the Unity of the Church yet not Hereticks as denying any Fundamental point of the Christian Faith the Novatians and Donatists are of the chiefest note Forasmuch as both these are looked upon as the greatest instances of Schism it may be requisite for me to consider the true state of their separation from the main body of the Christian Church passing by accidental matters and insisting on the merits of their cause according to their main Principles and Practices As concerning the Donatists the breach made by them had this rise Donatus with his Complices vehemently opposed Cecilianus who had been chosen Bishop of Carthage in design to thrust him out of his Bishoprick They accuse him of being ordained by one that had been a Proditor and of having admitted into Ecclesiastical Office one that was guilty of the like fault This Cause was by the Emperor Constantine's appointment heard before several Councils and many Judges The Accusers still fail in their Proofs of the things objected Cecilianus is acquitted and confirmed in his Office The Party of Donatus failing in their design were carried in a boundless rage of opposition to a total and irreclaimable Separation from all the Churches that were not of their Faction and became very numerous upon a pretence of shunning the contagion of the wicked in the Communion of the Sacraments Their principles were that the Church of Christ was no where to be found but among themselves in a corner of Africa also that true Baptism was not Administred but in their Sect. Likewise they proceeded to great tumult and violence and rapine And a sort of them called Circumcelliones gloried in a furious kind of Martyrdom partly by forcing others to kill them and partly by killing themselves The Novatians took their name and beginning from Novatus a Presbyter first at Carthage afterwards at Rome who held that they who lapsed in times of Persecution unto the denying of Christ were not to be readmitted unto the Communion of the Church though they repented and submitted to the Ecclesiastical Discipline of Pennance He separated from the Roman Church and was made a Bishop by Bishops of his own judgment in opposition to Cornelius Bishop of Rome Cyprian gives a very bad character of him as a turbulent arrogant and avaritious Person But of what Spirit soever he was his Judgment and Canon was received among many that were of stricter lives and he himself is reported to have suffered death in the persecution under Valerian At the Council of Nice Acesius Bishop of the Novatians being asked by Constantine whether he assented to the same Faith with the Council and to the observation of Easter as was there derceed answered that he fully assented to both Then being again asked by the Emperor why