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Word A Word B Word C Word D Occurrence Frequency Band MI MI Band Prominent
cause_n according_a law_n person_n 1,451 5 4.8874 4 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A17593 The relation betweene the lord of a mannor and the coppy-holder his tenant. Delivered in the learned readings of the late excellent and famous lawyer, Char. Calthrope of the Honorable Society of Lincolnes-Inne Esq; whereby it doth appeare for what causes a coppy-holder may forfeite his coppy-hold estate, and for what not; and like wise what lord can grant a coppy, and to whom. Published for the good of the lords of mannors, and their tenants Calthrope, Charles, Sir, d. 1616. 1635 (1635) STC 4369; ESTC S107474 36,082 104

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prescription_n must_v be_v according_a behon_n to_o common_a right_n that_o be_v to_o prescribe_v that_o be_v to_o have_v such_o thing_n as_o be_v their_o right_n and_o reasonto_fw-mi have_v and_o not_o by_o custom_n of_o prescription_n to_o claim_v thing_n by_o way_n of_o extortion_n or_o thereby_o to_o exact_v fine_n of_o other_o thing_n of_o his_o tenant_n without_o good_a cause_n or_o consideration_n if_o the_o lord_n will_v prescribe_v to_o have_v of_o every_o of_o his_o copyholders_n for_o every_o court_n that_o shall_v be_v keep_v upon_o the_o manor_n a_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n this_o be_v no_o prescription_n according_a to_o common_a right_n because_o he_o ought_v for_o justice_n sake_n to_o do_v it_o gratis_o and_o so_o it_o be_v if_o the_o sheriff_n will_v prescribe_v to_o have_v a_o certain_a fee_n for_o keep_v his_o turn_n this_o be_v not_o a_o good_a prescription_n but_o if_o the_o lord_n will_v prescribe_v to_o have_v a_o certain_a fee_n of_o his_o tenant_n for_o any_o extraordinary_a court_n purchase_v only_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o one_o tenant_n as_o for_o one_o tenant_n to_o take_v his_o copyhold_n or_o such_o like_a this_o be_v a_o good_a prescription_n according_a to_o the_o common_a right_n if_o the_o lord_n will_v have_v of_o any_o of_o his_o tenant_n 17._o that_o shall_v commit_v a_o pound_n breach_n a_o hundred_o shilling_n for_o a_o fine_a this_o be_v good_a prescription_n but_o to_o challenge_v of_o every_o strange_a that_o shall_v commit_v a_o pound_n breach_n a_o hundred_o shilling_n this_o be_v no_o good_a prescription_n if_o the_o lord_n will_v prescribe_v that_o every_o of_o his_o copyholder_n within_o his_o manor_n that_o shall_v marry_v his_o daughter_n without_o licence_n shall_v pay_v a_o fine_a to_o the_o lord_n this_o be_v no_o good_a prescription_n according_a to_o common_a right_n that_o a_o custom_n must_v be_v upon_o a_o good_a consideration_n and_o what_o shall_v be_v say_v such_o a_o custom_n and_o what_o not_o consideration_n be_v a_o great_a effect_n in_o all_o law_n and_o custom_n and_o have_v as_o great_a a_o a_o operation_n as_o any_o one_o thing_n belong_v to_o the_o law_n for_o in_o most_o cause_n it_o only_o guide_v and_o direct_v right_n property_n use_n and_o estate_n sometime_o according_a to_o the_o limitation_n and_o sometime_o contrary_a to_o the_o limitation_n as_o well_o in_o case_n of_o custom_n as_o in_o case_n of_o common_a law_n for_o consideration_n be_v the_o begin_n of_o all_o custom_n the_o ground_n of_o all_o use_n the_o reason_n of_o all_o right_n and_o the_o cause_n of_o all_o duty_n for_o without_o consideration_n no_o custom_n can_v have_v continuance_n nothing_o be_v wrought_v by_o any_o conveyance_n no_o interest_n transfer_v no_o right_n remove_v no_o property_n change_v nor_o duty_n accrue_v as_o if_o the_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n will_v prescribe_v that_o whosoever_o pass_v the_o king_n high_a way_n which_o lie_v through_o his_o manor_n shall_v pay_v to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o manor_n twelvepence_n for_o his_o passage_n this_o prescription_n be_v not_o upon_o good_a consideration_n but_o if_o he_o prescribe_v to_o have_v a_o penny_n of_o every_o one_o that_o pass_v over_o such_o a_o bridge_n which_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o manor_n do_v use_v to_o repair_v this_o be_v good_a prescription_n upon_o good_a consideration_n if_o the_o lord_n will_v prescribe_v to_o have_v a_o fine_a at_o the_o marriage_n of_o his_o copyhold_n tenant_n in_o which_o the_o custom_n do_v not_o admit_v the_o husband_n to_o be_v tenant_n by_o courtesy_n nor_o the_o wife_n to_o be_v tenant_n in_o dowry_n or_o have_v her_o widow_n estate_n the_o prescription_n of_o such_o a_o fine_a be_v not_o good_a but_o in_o such_o manor_n where_o the_o custom_n do_v admit_v such_o particular_a estate_n there_o a_o prescription_n for_o a_o fine_a at_o the_o marriage_n of_o his_o copyholders_n be_v upon_o good_a consideration_n if_o a_o copyhold_n surrender_v his_o land_n to_o the_o use_n of_o i._o s._n so_o long_o as_o i_o s._n shall_v serve_v he_o in_o such_o a_o office_n if_o i_o s._n refuse_v to_o serve_v his_o estate_n do_v cease_v if_o a_o coppyholder_n do_v surrender_v his_o land_n to_o the_o use_n of_o a_o stranger_n in_o consideration_n that_o the_o same_o stranger_n shall_v marry_v his_o daughter_n before_o such_o a_o day_n if_o the_o marriage_n succeed_v not_o the_o stranger_n take_v nothing_o by_o the_o surrenderer_n but_o if_o the_o surrender_n be_v in_o consideration_n that_o the_o stranger_n shall_v pay_v such_o sum_n of_o money_n at_o such_o a_o day_n though_o the_o money_n be_v not_o pay_v yet_o the_o surrenderer_n stand_v good_a if_o the_o coppyholder_n in_o consideration_n of_o twenty_o pound_n to_o be_v pay_v by_o i._o s._n do_v make_v a_o surrender_n of_o his_o land_n to_o n._n r._n this_o surrender_n be_v to_o the_o use_n of_o i._o s._n because_o of_o the_o consideration_n express_v in_o the_o copy_n and_o not_o to_o the_o use_n of_o n._n r._n but_o if_o in_o the_o copy_n the_o use_n be_v express_v to_o n._n r._n and_o no_o consideration_n mention_v the_o use_n express_v shall_v stand_v against_o any_o consideration_n to_o be_v aver_v that_o a_o custom_n mu_o be_v compulsary_a and_o what_o shall_v be_v say_v such_o a_o custom_n and_o what_o not_o custom_n or_o law_n must_v be_v compulsary_a and_o not_o at_o the_o liberty_n of_o a_o man_n whether_o he_o will_v perform_v it_o or_o not_o for_o than_o it_o be_v of_o no_o force_n for_o all_o custom_n and_o law_n have_v their_o effect_n in_o two_o point_n that_o be_v in_o bid_v that_o which_o be_v just_a and_o in_o forbid_v the_o contrary_a so_o that_o law_n and_o custom_n be_v refrainer_n of_o liberty_n and_o do_v demand_v execution_n of_o justice_n not_o that_o every_o man_n shall_v have_v or_o do_v what_o they_o will_v but_o that_o which_o by_o justice_n they_o ought_v whereunto_o by_o duty_n of_o law_n and_o custom_n he_o be_v compellable_n for_o otherwise_o it_o be_v voluntary_a in_o he_o which_o be_v to_o the_o infringe_n of_o the_o law_n and_o good_a order_n as_o the_o poet_n oderunt_fw-la peccare_fw-la boni_fw-la virtutis_fw-la amore_fw-la oderunt_fw-la peccare_fw-la mali_fw-la formidine_fw-la poenae_fw-la if_o the_o lord_n will_v prescribe_v that_o every_o of_o his_o tenant_n shall_v give_v he_o ten_o shilling_n a_o month_n to_o bear_v charge_n in_o time_n of_o war_n this_o be_v no_o good_a prescription_n but_o to_o prescribe_v that_o they_o ought_v to_o pay_v ten_o shilling_n a_o month_n etc._n etc._n this_o be_v good_a for_o payment_n be_v compulsary_a but_o gift_n be_v voluntary_a if_o a_o coppyholder_n do_v surrender_v his_o land_n to_o the_o use_n of_o s._n so_o that_o the_o say_v i._o s._n do_v pay_v he_o twenty_o pound_n at_o such_o a_o day_n if_o i._o s._n please_v to_o pay_v the_o same_o this_o be_v a_o absolute_a surrender_n and_o not_o conditional_a because_o the_o compulsary_a but_o many_o custom_n there_o be_v which_o at_o the_o beginning_n be_v voluntary_a and_o now_o by_o continuance_n be_v grow_v compulsary_a according_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n quae_fw-la initio_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la voluntatis_fw-la ex_fw-la post_fw-la fact_n fuerint_fw-la necessitatis_fw-la which_o also_o agree_v with_o the_o common-law_n in_o many_o case_n as_o i_o have_v partly_o touch_v before_o that_o a_o custom_n mu_o be_v without_o prejudice_n to_o the_o king_n and_o by_o what_o prescription_n the_o king_n shall_v be_v bind_v and_o what_o not_o the_o king_n have_v that_o prerogative_n over_o his_o subject_n that_o he_o be_v not_o tie_v to_o time_n as_o a_o common_a person_n be_v for_o though_o a_o common_a person_n may_v loose_v his_o right_n by_o non_fw-fr claim_n within_o a_o certain_a time_n the_o king_n right_o be_v still_o to_o be_v preserve_v for_o nullum_fw-la tempus_fw-la occurrit_fw-la regi_fw-la yet_o in_o special_a case_n where_o the_o king_n be_v not_o entitle_v against_o such_o prescription_n by_o matter_n of_o record_n there_o such_o custom_n shall_v bind_v the_o king_n as_o for_o example_n if_o a_o coppyholder_n prescribe_v that_o he_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n by_o copy_n this_o be_v good_a and_o by_o fine_a certain_a and_o not_o arbitrable_a to_o have_v waife_n and_o stray_v and_o wreck_n but_o not_o cattalla_n feloni_fw-la fugitorum_fw-la and_o utlagatorum_fw-la without_o charter_n the_o king_n advowson_n shall_v never_o fall_v into_o lapse_n for_o not_o present_v within_o six_o month_n that_o a_o custom_n aught_v to_o consist_v of_o perdurablenesse_n of_o estate_n and_o of_o a_o able_a capacity_n to_o those_o former_a part_n whereupon_o i_o have_v declare_v a_o good_a custom_n to_o consist_v may_v be_v add_v to_o either_o part_n viz._n that_o he_o which_o will_v claim_v by_o custom_n must_v have_v a_o sufficient_a and_o perdurable_a estate_n to_o prescribe_v and_o also_o in_o his_o own_o
same_o if_o the_o tenant_n have_v use_v when_o they_o sow_v their_o land_n to_o pay_v the_o lord_n rent-corne_n and_o when_o it_o lie_v in_o pasture_n to_o pay_v their_o rent_n in_o money_n this_o be_v a_o good_a interuse_a if_o the_o tenant_n have_v use_v to_o pay_v to_o their_o lord_n every_o four_o year_n a_o double_a rent_n and_o every_o six_o year_n a_o half_a rent_n this_o be_v a_o good_a interuse_a if_o the_o tenant_n have_v use_v to_o have_v common_a of_o pasture_n in_o their_o lord_n wood_n for_o their_o horse-cattle_n and_o they_o put_v in_o their_o neate-cattle_n and_o destroy_v the_o wood_n this_o be_v a_o abuser_n but_o yet_o it_o be_v but_o fineable_a and_o no_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o common_a which_o they_o may_v have_v rightful_o use_v no_o more_o than_o if_o they_o have_v common_a for_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o beast_n in_o the_o lord_n soil_v and_o they_o will_v exceed_v the_o number_n this_o abuse_n by_o their_o surcharge_v be_v only_o fineable_a and_o no_o forfeiture_n if_o a_o man_n have_v a_o market_n to_o be_v use_v one_o day_n in_o a_o week_n the_o non-use_a thereof_o be_v not_o forfeiture_n and_o if_o a_o man_n have_v a_o market_n to_o be_v use_v on_o the_o friday_n and_o he_o keep_v the_o same_o friday_n and_o monday_n the_o mis-use_a of_o the_o monday_n be_v no_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o friday_n if_o a_o man_n have_v a_o fair_a to_o be_v use_v two_o day_n and_o he_o keep_v it_o three_o day_n this_o abuser_n be_v a_o forfeiture_n if_o a_o man_n have_v a_o fair_a for_o one_o day_n and_o he_o will_v keep_v it_o two_o day_n and_o that_o be_v present_v in_o the_o exchequer_n if_o the_o party_n be_v call_v by_o process_n do_v claim_v both_o day_n by_o patent_n upon_o sight_n whereof_o it_o appear_v he_o ought_v to_o have_v but_o one_o day_n by_o his_o patent_n and_o the_o other_o by_o prescription_n though_o the_o prescription_n be_v find_v against_o he_o and_o that_o day_n lose_v yet_o he_o shall_v enjoy_v the_o other_o day_n if_o a_o man_n prescribe_v to_o have_v a_o fair_a yearly_a upon_o bartholomew_n day_n and_o if_o the_o same_o doc_fw-fr fall_n out_o on_o the_o sunday_n then_o to_o keep_v the_o same_o the_o next_o day_n follow_v this_o be_v a_o good_a prescription_n if_o the_o king_n do_v grant_v to_o the_o citizen_n of_o norwich_n the_o franchise_n and_o liberty_n that_o london_n have_v and_o the_o franchise_n and_o liberty_n that_o southampton_n have_v if_o the_o citizen_n of_o norwich_n do_v abuse_v one_o of_o these_o liberty_n that_o london_n have_v this_o be_v a_o forfeiture_n of_o all_o those_o liberty_n that_o london_n have_v and_o of_o no_o other_o but_o if_o the_o king_n do_v incorporate_v a_o town_n and_o give_v they_o by_o the_o same_o patent_n special_a franchise_n and_o liberty_n the_o abuser_n of_o the_o one_o of_o these_o be_v a_o forfeiture_n of_o they_o all_o that_o every_o custom_n must_v be_v reasonable_a and_o what_o shall_v be_v say_v a_o reasonable_a custom_n every_o good_a custom_n be_v ground_v upon_o good_a reason_n and_o that_o shall_v be_v say_v in_o reason_n a_o good_a custom_n that_o in_o reason_n be_v a_o good_a law_n for_o law_n and_o custom_n be_v of_o that_o affinity_n as_o both_o do_v allow_v like_o reason_n and_o both_o do_v forbid_v like_o inconvenience_n and_o the_o final_a effect_n of_o both_o to_o discuss_v and_o to_o discern_v every_o man_n true_a right_n and_o to_o give_v to_o every_o man_n that_o which_o be_v his_o own_o for_o although_o custom_n in_o some_o case_n differ_v from_o law_n and_o do_v admit_v execution_n of_o some_o act_n without_o some_o ceremony_n and_o circumstance_n as_o be_v require_v by_o the_o law_n yet_o the_o end_n and_o effect_n of_o custom_n be_v to_o maintain_v the_o like_a reason_n that_o law_n do_v and_o to_o avoid_v the_o like_a inconvenience_n and_o therefore_o if_o a_o lord_n will_v prescribe_v to_o have_v such_o a_o custom_n within_o his_o manor_n that_o if_o the_o beast_n of_o any_o of_o his_o tenant_n do_v he_o any_o transgress_v upon_o any_o of_o his_o demesne_n and_o there_o be_v take_v damagefezant_n that_o then_o he_o may_v detain_v they_o until_o the_o owner_n shall_v satisfy_v he_o for_o his_o harm_n as_o himself_o shall_v require_v this_o be_v no_o reasonable_a custom_n that_o he_o shall_v be_v his_o own_o judge_n but_o to_o prescribe_v that_o if_o any_o of_o the_o copyholders_n beast_n transgress_v etc._n etc._n that_o the_o same_o be_v present_v at_o his_o court_n that_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o forfeiture_n of_o his_o copyhold_n this_o may_v be_v call_v a_o reasonable_a custom_n if_o tenant_n of_o a_o manor_n will_v prescribe_v to_o hold_v without_o pay_v any_o rent_n or_o service_n for_o their_o coppy-holds_a this_o be_v no_o good_a custom_n but_o prescribe_v to_o hold_v by_o fealty_n for_o all_o manner_n of_o service_n be_v good_a and_o reasonable_a if_o the_o lord_n will_v prescribe_v never_o to_o hold_v a_o court_n but_o when_o it_o please_v himself_o this_o be_v not_o good_a but_o to_o prescribe_v never_o to_o hold_v a_o court_n for_o the_o special_a good_a of_o any_o one_o tenant_n except_o the_o same_o tenant_n will_v pay_v he_o a_o fine_a for_o the_o same_o be_v good_a and_o allowable_a that_o every_o custom_n ought_v to_o be_v certain_a and_o what_o shall_v be_v say_v a_o custom_n certain_a there_o be_v nothing_o more_o require_v in_o all_o law_n and_o custom_n than_o certainty_n for_o incertainty_n in_o all_o case_n make_v confusion_n and_o therefore_o law_n and_o custom_n do_v also_o agree_v in_o this_o point_n that_o without_o some_o kind_n of_o certainty_n neither_o law_n nor_o custom_n can_v be_v good_a for_o in_o divers_a case_n where_o one_o thing_n may_v be_v take_v to_o divers_a intent_n and_o the_o circumstance_n of_o the_o case_n such_o as_o to_o which_o intent_n the_o thing_n be_v do_v can_v be_v certain_o judge_v there_o the_o same_o thing_n so_o doubtful_o do_v shall_v to_o all_o purpose_n be_v judge_v void_a and_o incertainty_n of_o custom_n and_o customary_a cause_n grow_v chief_o three_o manner_n of_o way_n that_o be_v to_o say_v sometime_o of_o incertainty_n of_o the_o person_n sometime_o the_o incertainty_n of_o the_o thing_n and_o sometime_o the_o incertainty_n of_o the_o cause_n and_o in_o some_o of_o these_o case_n though_o there_o be_v at_o the_o first_o a_o semblance_n of_o incertainety_n yet_o by_o circumstance_n and_o contingent_n the_o incertainty_n may_v be_v turn_v into_o certainty_n as_o if_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o manor_n will_v prescribe_v that_o whensoever_o any_o of_o his_o copyholders_n dye_n without_o heir_n that_o one_o other_o of_o the_o copyholders_n of_o the_o same_o manor_n shall_v till_o the_o land_n for_o the_o year_n follow_v and_o therefore_o this_o be_v no_o good_a custom_n because_o the_o intent_n neither_o be_v nor_o can_v be_v certain_a which_o of_o the_o tenant_n shall_v perform_v this_o service_n but_o if_o the_o custom_n be_v that_o if_o a_o coppyholder_n die_v without_o heir_n that_o then_o the_o elder_a tenant_n of_o that_o name_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n shall_v have_v this_o land_n this_o be_v a_o good_a custom_n and_o contain_v in_o itself_o sufficient_a certainty_n if_o a_o coppyholder_n do_v surrender_v two_o acre_n of_o land_n into_o the_o lord_n hand_n the_o one_o to_o the_o use_n of_o i._o s._n and_o the_o other_o to_o the_o use_n of_o i._o n._n and_o do_v not_o name_n in_o certainty_n who_o shall_v have_v the_o one_o acre_n and_o who_o shall_v have_v the_o other_o the_o limitation_n of_o this_o use_n be_v void_a for_o this_o incertainty_n if_o a_o copyhold_n be_v surrender_v to_o the_o use_n of_o i._o s._n and_o his_o heir_n until_o he_o shall_v marry_v a._n g._n and_o after_o the_o say_a marriage_n then_o to_o the_o use_n of_o they_o two_o in_o tail_n special_a if_o after_o they_o do_v marry_v then_o be_v the_o surrender_n to_o they_o in_o tail_n and_o till_o then_o to_o he_o in_o fee_n if_o the_o lord_n will_v prescribe_v to_o have_v of_o his_o copyholders_n in_o the_o time_n of_o peace_n twopence_n a_o acre_n of_o rent_n and_o in_o the_o time_n of_o war_n four_o penny_n a_o acre_n of_o rent_n this_o be_v good_a prescription_n because_o there_o be_v a_o good_a consideration_n of_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o incertainety_n but_o to_o pay_v unto_o the_o lord_n twopence_n a_o acre_n rend_v when_o he_o will_v and_o fourepence_n a_o acre_n rend_v when_o he_o will_v this_o be_v no_o good_a prescription_n because_o there_o be_v neither_o good_a reason_n nor_o consideration_n hereof_o nor_o can_v it_o ever_o be_v reduce_v into_o any_o certainty_n that_o custom_n mu_o be_v according_a to_o common_a right_n and_o what_o shall_v be_v say_v such_o a_o custom_n and_o what_o not_o custom_n and_o
for_o the_o same_o copyhold_n now_o be_v he_o become_v a_o good_a coppyholder_n without_o any_o further_a admission_n if_o a_o coppyholder_n surrender_v his_o land_n to_o the_o use_n of_o i._o s._n for_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o the_o use_n of_o r._n n._n for_o life_n and_o the_o lord_n grant_v the_o same_o according_o and_o admit_v i._n s._n it_o seem_v this_o be_v a_o good_a admission_n to_o r._n n._n that_o be_v in_o the_o remainder_n a_o coppyholder_n in_o fee_n die_v seize_v his_o felston_n heir_n may_v make_v a_o surrender_n to_o the_o use_n of_o a_o stranger_n without_o admission_n quaere_fw-la but_o if_o a_o coppyholder_n surrender_v to_o the_o use_n of_o i._o s._n this_o i._o s._n can_v surrender_v to_o the_o use_n of_o a_o stranger_n without_o be_v first_o admit_v himself_o if_o a_o coppyholder_n surrender_v all_o use_n of_o the_o joint_o and_o they_o be_v admit_v if_o the_o one_o of_o they_o die_v the_o survivor_n need_v not_o t●_n be_v admit_v again_o for_o the_o moiety_n but_o if_o a_o coppyholder_n have_v issue_n two_o daughter_n and_o they_o be_v admit_v and_o then_o the_o one_o of_o they_o die_v the_o other_o must_v needs_o be_v admit_v for_o the_o other_o moiety_n for_o he_o take_v the_o same_o by_o descent_n l'heire_n dun_a coppyholder_n part_n prender_n profit_v avera_fw-fr action_n de_fw-fr travers_n et_fw-fr ferra_n post_fw-la fratris_fw-la sufficicum_fw-la deveant_fw-la admittance_n 12._o eliz._n 291._o et_fw-la part_n fair_a lesses_z per_fw-la ans_fw-fr denby_n et_fw-fr bullock_n what_o shall_v be_v say_v a_o forfeiture_n of_o a_o copyhold_a the_o tenant_n by_o copy_n stand_v bind_v by_o his_o tenure_n to_o the_o lord_n that_o if_o he_o do_v any_o thing_n to_o the_o lord_n dis-inheritance_n or_o in_o some_o case_n if_o he_o do_v transgress_v the_o duty_n of_o a_o good_a tenant_n he_o shall_v forfeit_v his_o copyhold_n but_o because_o all_o offence_n be_v not_o equal_a so_o likewise_o there_o be_v degree_n of_o punishment_n for_o there_o be_v a_o difference_n between_o offence_n do_v witting_o and_o willing_o and_o fault_n ignorant_o and_o unwilling_o commit_v and_o therefore_o some_o offence_n be_v forfeiture_n ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la some_o be_v only_a forfeiture_n when_o they_o be_v present_v and_o not_o before_o and_o some_o be_v only_o fineable_a forfeiture_n ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la be_v offence_n that_o lie_v mis-fesans_a in_o mis-fesans_a &_o be_v apparent_a forfeiture_n when_o they_o be_v present_v only_o be_v offence_n that_o lie_v non-fesans_a in_o non_fw-la fesan_n and_o be_v not_o apparent_a nor_o affirmative_o to_o be_v prove_v without_o presentment_n offence_n finable_a be_v offence_n of_o contempt_n fineable_a and_o not_o of_o dis-inheritance_n as_o if_o a_o coppyholder_n will_v in_o the_o presence_n and_o sit_v of_o the_o court_n baron_fw-fr say_v 〈…〉_z extort_v and_o exact_v un-due_a 〈…〉_z his_o tenant_n or_o such_o 〈…〉_z this_o be_v only_o fineable_a but_o 〈…〉_z and_o there_o say_v be_v call_v forth_o to_o be_v swear_v of_o his_o homage_n that_o he_o be_v none_o of_o the_o lord_n tenant_n this_o make_v a_o forfeiture_n of_o his_o copyhold_n but_o if_o he_o will_v there_o say_v that_o he_o will_v short_o demise_n away_o that_o he_o will_v be_v no_o long_o of_o any_o of_o the_o lord_n copyholders_n this_o be_v neither_o cause_n of_o forfeiture_n not_o fine_a if_o a_o coppyholder_n sendente_fw-la curia_fw-la do_v strike_v a_o other_o coppyholder_n or_o any_o other_o stranger_n this_o be_v only_o finable_a and_o make_v no_o forfeiture_n if_o the_o steward_n show_v forth_o a_o court_n role_n to_o prove_v that_o i._o s._n be_v a_o coppyholder_n and_o this_o not_o withstand_v he_o will_v in_o the_o court_n say_v that_o he_o be_v a_o free_a holder_n and_o show_v forth_o a_o free_a deed_n and_o claim_n thereby_o and_o tear_v in_o piece_n the_o court_n role_n and_o publish_v the_o free_a deed_n this_o a_o cause_n of_o fine_a and_o forfeiture_n but_o if_o the_o say_a tenant_n will_v there_o upon_o some_o colourable_a doubt_n and_o question_n which_o may_v arise_v whether_o he_o be_v a_o free_a holder_n or_o a_o coppyholder_n say_v to_o the_o steward_n because_o he_o know_v not_o whether_o the_o rent_n that_o he_o shall_v pay_v be_v free_a rent_n or_o copyhold_n rend_v he_o will_v pay_v it_o with_o protestation_n that_o the_o rent_n may_v be_v record_v as_o it_o shall_v fall_v out_o and_o with_o like_a protestation_n offer_v and_o do_v his_o service_n though_o in_o truth_n he_o be_v a_o coppyholder_n yet_o this_o deserve_v neither_o fine_a or_o forfeiture_n if_o a_o coppyholder_n can_v pay_v his_o rent_n and_o will_v not_o do_v his_o service_n this_o offence_n be_v on_o the_o negative_a and_o make_v no_o forfeiture_n till_o it_o be_v present_v tenant_n per_fw-la copy_n ne_fw-la poet_n facere_fw-la waist_n ne_fw-fr couper_fw-fr bois_fw-fr per_fw-la vender_n mes_fw-fr pro_fw-la reperacontantum_fw-la 9_o hen_n 4._o 12._o 43._o ed._n 3._o 32._o 80._o but_o if_o a_o coppyholder_n do_v alien_a his_o land_n by_o free_a deed_n or_o will_v commit_v waste_n or_o demise_n his_o copyhold_n contrary_a to_o the_o custom_n or_o will_v sue_v a_o replevin_n against_o the_o lord_n for_o a_o distr_n lawful_o take_v for_o his_o rent_n or_o service_n due_a or_o disclaim_v in_o the_o land_n be_v summon_v to_o the_o lord_n court_n or_o will_v there_o claim_v it_o as_o his_o free_a hold_n or_o will_v in_o any_o other_o court_n untitle_v any_o other_o lord_n unto_o it_o or_o be_v attaint_v of_o treason_n or_o felony_n or_o continue_v out-lawd_n or_o excommunicate_v during_o the_o lord_n court_n or_o refuse_v to_o go_v with_o his_o lord_n or_o other_o commissionour_n for_o that_o purpose_n in_o the_o service_n of_o the_o prince_n to_o suppress_v rebel_n riot_n or_o unlawful_a assembly_n all_o these_o offence_n be_v apparent_a mis-fesance_a and_o forfeiture_n ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la without_o any_o presentment_n but_o if_o a_o coppyholder_n be_v of_o the_o grand_a inquest_n at_o the_o assize_n or_o session_n shall_v indit_fw-la his_o lord_n of_o any_o manner_n of_o offence_n commit_v against_o the_o prince_n or_o law_n of_o this_o realm_n or_o shall_v upon_o process_n compulsary_a give_v evidence_n against_o his_o lord_n which_o be_v in_o any_o cause_n between_o his_o lord_n and_o a_o other_o common_a person_n or_o between_o the_o prince_n and_o his_o lord_n without_o compulsary_a process_n or_o shall_v make_v any_o bodily_a arrest_n of_o his_o lord_n by_o the_o commandment_n of_o the_o sheriff_n or_o other_o lawful_a authority_n or_o shall_v bring_v any_o action_n or_o suit_n against_o his_o lord_n in_o any_o of_o the_o queen_n court_n except_o a_o replevin_a case_n aforesaid_a all_o these_o last_o recite_v be_v cause_n of_o neither_o fine_n or_o forfeiture_n of_o any_o copyhold_n also_o a_o coppyholder_n not_o claim_v his_o copyhold_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o ancestor_n within_o a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n at_o the_o court_n if_o any_o be_v it_o be_v a_o forfeiture_n for_o ever_o per._n opin_v catline_n slowelle_n case_n 372._o ct_v c._n il_fw-fr pesse_fw-la dee_fw-mi bene_fw-la custom_n in_o plusor_n manor_n if_o copyholder_n be_v on_o a_o jury_n will_v not_o find_v the_o waste_n commit_v or_o will_v not_o present_a thing_n presentable_a this_o be_v a_o forfeituer_n of_o their_o tenor_n if_o they_o be_v copyholders_n by_o the_o opinion_n of_o catlin_n dier_n and_o bracton_n 4._o eliz._n dier_n 211._o pe_z 31._o 6._o et_fw-la 7._o eliz._n 233._o b._n 9_o hen._n 6._o 44._o b._n if_o a_o coppyholder_n will_v not_o be_v swear_v to_o present_v such_o offence_n as_o be_v forfeiture_n this_o be_v a_o forfeiture_n of_o his_o estate_n so_o if_o he_o alien_a or_o make_v copyhold_n free_a for_o ten_o pound_n the_o lord_n may_v enter_v for_o they_o be_v wilful_a act_n for_o which_o the_o lord_n may_v enter_v without_o presentment_n but_o for_o negligent_a offence_n as_o for_o not_o do_v of_o service_n or_o not_o acceptance_n of_o a_o copyhold_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o ancestor_n the_o lord_n can_v seize_v without_o presentment_n of_o the_o homage_n and_o if_o a_o infant_n within_o the_o year_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o ancestor_n will_v not_o after_o the_o court_n hold_v and_o proclamation_n make_v pray_v to_o be_v admit_v it_o be_v no_o forfeiture_n unless_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o manor_n be_v that_o a_o infant_n ought_v to_o forfeit_v his_o estate_n by_o such_o negligence_n for_o it_o be_v but_o a_o claim_n at_o common_a law_n which_o bar_v not_o a_o infant_n which_o have_v not_o discretion_n between_o hautrey_n and_o buckshire_n and_o one_o of_o his_o copyholders_n 12._o eliz._n rot_v 96._o if_o thirteen_o copyholders_n bee_n swear_v in_o a_o base_a court_n and_o twelve_o agree_v to_o give_v verdict_n the_o thirteen_o will_v not_o it_o be_v not_o a_o forfeiture_n for_o it_o be_v a_o good_a verdict_n