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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A64622	A body of divinitie, or, The summe and substance of Christian religion catechistically propounded, and explained, by way of question and answer : methodically and familiarly handled / composed long since by James Vsher B. of Armagh, and at the earnest desires of divers godly Christians now printed and published ; whereunto is adjoyned a tract, intituled Immanvel, or, The mystery of the incarnation of the Son of God heretofore writen [sic] and published by the same authour.; Body of divinity	Ussher, James, 1581-1656.; Downame, John, d. 1652.	1645 (1645)	Wing U151; ESTC R19025	516,207	504

shall shew by these fruits First when we are glad of it and rejoice in it Rom. 1. 8. Coloss. 1. 3 4. and are grieved when as it is blacked and blemished VVhat other fruits are there of it They respect either our hearing judgment or reports Our hearing first when as we shut our eares to whisperers and slanderers for their detractions and slanders cannot hurt our neighbours good name if we will not heare and beleeve them Pro. 25. 23. And this is a note of a Citizen of heaven Psal. 15. 3. Secondly when as we willingly and cheerfully heare the praises of our neighbours which is a signe of an honest heart that is free from self-love and envie VVhat is required in the judgement A candid and ingenuous disposition to preserve our neighbours fame and in all things doubtfull to judge the best of his words and deeds VVhat are the fruits hereof Not to nourish hard conceits of him but when they arise to suppresse them if the grounds of them be not very probable Secondly not to beleeve rashly any evill of our neighbour Thirdly to take and conster all things well done and spoken by him in the best sense Fourthly to interpret and take things doubtfull in the better part VVhat are the fruits respecting reports Silence and secrecy For it is a Christian duty to keep secret our neighbours faults which proceed from infirmity and humane frailty unlesse it be to amend him by admonition or seasonable reproofe Lev. 19. 17. Matth. 18. 15 16. Gen. 37. 2. 1 Cor. 1. 11. or to give warning to the hearer that he may prevent some evill that is intended against him Jer. 40. 14. Act. 23. 16. or to preserve him that he be not infected with the contagion of his sinne with whom he converseth or finally when himselfe is necessitated to discover anothers faults and crimes lest by silence he become accessary unto them as in case of Felony Murther or Treason Eccles. 19. 8. What are the vices opposite to these vertues To the care of preserving our neighbours name is opposed First carelesnesse as if it did not concerne us which argueth defect of love Secondly a study and desire to detract from his fame and to lessen his credit and estimation which is a fruit of hatred and envie Matth. 21. 15. What are the vices opposite to those vertues which respect the meanes They are referred either to hearing the judgement or report What are those which respect hearing First to have itching eares after such rumors as tend to our Neighbors infamy and disgrace forbidden Exod. 23. 1. Prov. 17. 4. which was Sauls sin 1 Sam. 24. 10. Secondly to have our eares open to heare calumnies and reproaches and shut to our Neighbours praises which is a fruit of envy and self-love What are the vices which respect the judgement They are vices opposite to candid ingenuity as first suspiciousnesse when we suspect evill of our Neighbour without just cause and upon every slight occasion 1 Tim. 6. 4. which is a false testimony of the heart Secondly to beleeve rashly rumors reported from others tending to the disgrace of our Neighbours which have no sure ground which was Putiphars fault Gen. 39. 19. and Davids 2 Sam. 16. 3 4. Thirdly hard and uncharitable censures either in respect of their sayings and doings sinisterly interpreting things well spoken or done or taking things doubtfull in the worst sense or in respect of their persons censuring and condemning them rashly when as we have no just cause 1 Sam. 1. 13. Acts 2. 13. Luke 7. 39. and 13. 1. Acts 28. 4. What vice respecteth report First when as men raise false reports against their Neighbours Secondly when as they discover uncharitably their secret faults especially arising from infirmity and humane frailty Prov. 10. 18. What is opposite to the externall profession of truth concerning our neighbour which ought to be charitable First a malicious testimony though true which ariseth from malice and envy and tendeth to a sinister and evill end 1 Sam. 22. 9. Psal. 52. 3 4. Secondly a false testimony which is either simply false as that 1 King 21. 13. Acts 6. 13. or true in the letter of the words but false in the sense as that against thirst Mat. 26. 60 61. John 2. 19. Into what sorts are testimonies spoken of in this Commandement to be distinguished They are either publick or private and the publick either in the Courts of Iustice or out of them Of which doth this Commandement principally speake Of publick and Legall Testimonies which are to be regarded above others because it is the judgement of God rather then man Deut. 1. 17. 2 Chron. 19. 6. and therefore he that perverteth this judgement maketh God himselfe as much as in him is guilty of his sin of injustice What are the kinds of Legall Testimonies They are either of the Iudge or of the Notary or the parties suing contending and pleading or of the Witnesse What is the Testimony of the Judge It is his sentence which he giveth in the cause tryed before him What is herein required of him First that before he give sentence he throughly examine and finde out the truth and equity of the cause Deut. 13. 14. 17. 4. 19. 18. according to Gods owne example Gen. 3. 9 10. 18. 21. Secondly that in passing sentence he judge according to truth justice and equity for Iudges must be men of truth Exod. 18. 21. Secondly just and righteous Deut. 1. 16. 16. 20. Lev. 19. 15. And thirdly not just in a rigid and extreame way according to the letter of the Law but so as when there is just occasion he must moderate the rigour of the Law with equity which is the true sense and life of the Law But is not the Judge to give sentence according to things legally alleadged and proved Yes ordinarily But if he undoubtedly upon his owne certaine knowledge know that things are otherwise then they seeme to be by Testimonies pleadings and reasons alleadged he must judge according to knowne truth and defend the cause being just which is oppressed by false evidences and reasons or otherwise he shall sin against his owne knowledge and conscience Prov. 31. 8 9. What are the vices opposite hereunto They are two 1. Rash. 2. Perverse judgement What is rash Judgement It is done divers wayes First when as the Iudge pronounceth sentence before the cause be sufficiently examined and knowne Prov. 18. 13. Secondly when as they condemne any man before they have heard his cause Acts 25. 15 16. Thirdly when as they pronounce sentence having heard one part only So David 2 Sam. 16. 4. Let such remember that of Salomon Prov. 18. 17. Fourthly when as they in matters concerning life and death give sentence upon the single testimony of one witnesse Deut. 17. 6. Whas is perverse Iudgement When as truth is oppressed and justice and right is perverted whereby the wicked is acquitted and the

mercy in God doth spring out of his free love towards us Why doe you say out of the free love of God are there more loves in God then one There are two kinds of love in God one is wherewith the Father loveth the Son and the Son the Father and which the holy Ghost beareth towards both the Father and the Son and this love I call the naturall love of God so that the one cannot but love the other but the love wherewith he loveth us is voluntary not being constrained thereunto and therefore is called the free love of God and thereof it commeth to passe that mercy is also wholly free that is without reward or hope of recompence and excludeth all merit How prove you that the mercy of God ariseth out of his love That the love of God is the cause of his mercy it is manifest in the Scriptures 1 Tim. 1. 2. Paul saluteth Timothy in this order Grace mercy and peace from God the Father and from the Lord Jesus Christ to shew that that peace which the world cannot give the mercy of God is the cause of it and the cause of his mercy is his grace and his grace is nothing else but his free favour and love towards us The same order doth Paul observe in Titus 3. 4 5. where he saith when the goodnesse and love of God our Saviour appeareth not by the works of righteousnesse which we had done but according to his mercy he saved us First he sets down the goodnesse of God as the cause of his love Secondly his love as the cause of his mercy And thirdly his mercy as the cause of our salvation and our salvation as the effect of all and therefore there is nothing in us which may move the Lord to shew mercy upon us but only because he is goodnesse it self by nature and to this doth the Psalmist bear witnesse Psal. 100. 5. saying that the Lord is good his mercy is everlasting and his truth is from generation to generation Towards whom is the mercy of God extended or shewed For the opening of this point we are to consider that the mercy of God is twofold First generall Secondly speciall God as a God doth shew mercy generally upon all his creatures being in misery and chiefly to men whether they be just or unjust Psal. 140. 147. and so doth succour them either immediately by himself or else mediately by creatures as by Angels or Men by the Heavens by the Elements and by other living creatures and this generall mercy of God is not extended to the eternall salvation of all but is only temporary and for a while Of this read Luk. 6. 36. What say you to the speciall mercy of God That I call the speciall mercy of God which God as a most free God hath shewed to whom he would and denyed to whom he would and this pertaineth only to the elect and those which fear him Psal. 103. 11. for he sheweth mercy upon them to their eternall salvation and that most constantly while he doth effectually call them unto himself while he doth freely and truly pardon their sins and justifie them in the bloud of the Lamb Jesus Christ while he doth sanctifie them with his grace and doth glorifie them in eternall life and of this speciall mercy we may read in Eph. 2. 4 5 6. How great is the mercy of God It is so great that it cannot be expressed nor conceived of us and that is proved by these Scriptures following Ps. 145. 9. James 2. 13. 1 Cor. 11. 32. Psal. 57 10. How long doth the mercy of God continue towards us Although the mercy of God be great and infinite in Christ yet for that mercy which pardoneth our sins and calleth us to faith and repentance by the Gospel there is no place after death but onely while we live in this world which is warranted by these places ensuing Gal. 6. 10. Let us doe good whilest we have time to shew that a time will come when we shall not be able to doe good Apoc. 7. 17. Be faithfull unto the death and I will give thee a Crown of life to shew that the time which is given unto death is a time of repentance and of exercising of faith and of works but after death there is no time but to receive either an immortall Crown if we have been faithfull or everlasting shame if we have been unfaithfull Besides these see Apoc. 14. 13. Mark 9. 45. Esa. ult 24. Luk. 16. 24 25 26. Mat. 15. 11 12. John 9. 4. What uses may we make of Gods mercies First it serveth to humble us for the greater mercy is in God the greater misery is in us Secondly we must attribute our whole salvation unto his mercy Thirdly we must flee to God in all our troubles with most sure confidence Fourthly we must not abuse it to the liberty of the flesh to sin although we might find mercy with God after death for the mercy of God specially appertains to those that fear him Psal. 103. 11. Fiftly the meditation of Gods mercies towards us should make us to love God Psa. 116. 1. Luk. 7. 47. fear God Psa. 130. 4. praise God Ps. 86. 12 13. 103. 2 3 4. Sixtly it must make us mercifull one to another Luk. 6. 36. Matth. 18. 32 33. What is the justice of God It is an essentiall property in God whereby he is infinitely just in himself of himself for from by himself alone and none other Psalm 11. 7. What is the rule of this justice His own free will and nothing else for whatsoever he willeth is just and because he willeth it therefore it is just not because it is just therefore he willeth it Eph. 1. 11. Psal. 115. 3. Mat. 20. 15. which also may be applied to the other properties of God Explain this more particularly I say that God doth not always a thing because it is just but therefore any thing is just that is just because God will have it so and yet his will is joyned with his wisdome as for example Abraham did judge it a most just and righteous thing to kill his innocent son not by the law for that did forbid him but only because he did understand it was the speciall will of God and he knew that the will of God was not only just but also the rule of all righteousnesse That wee may the better understand this attribute declare unto mee how many manner of wayes one may be just or righteous Three manner of ways either by nature or by grace or by perfect obedience How many ways may one be just by nature Two ways First by himself and of himself in his own essence and beeing thus we say that in respect of this essentiall righteousnesse there is none just but God onely as Christ saith none is good but God only Secondly derivatively by the benefit of another to be either made righteous or born just and in

hell for those that should trouble themselves with such vain and idle questions August lib. 1. Confess Chap. 12. What is that he hath revealed unto us concerning that he did before the beginning of the world Besides the inward works of the three Persons of the blessed Trinity whereof we have spoken and the mutuall delights which they took one in another and glory which they gave one to another this externall act of his is revealed unto us in the Scriptures that he hath in himselfe decreed all things together with all the circumstances of all things which have or shall be done from the beginning of the world unto the end thereof What then be the parts of Gods Kingdome The decree determining all things from all eternity and the execution thereof fulfilling the same in time for as from eternity he decreed so in time and everlastingly he accomplisheth all things unto the full execution of that his decree 1 Cor. 2. 16 Eph. 1. 11. Acts 4. 28. Psal. 99. 4. 135 6. So that the first is an eternall the second a temporall work of God What is the decree It is that Act whereby God from all eternity according to his free will did by his unchangeable counsell and purpose fore-appoint and certainly determine of all things together with their causes their effects their circumstances and manner of being to the manifestation of his own glory Psal. 99. 4. Mat. 10. 29. Rom. 9. 20 21. 11. 36. Prov. 16. 4. Eph. 1. 4. 11. Acts 2. 23. Jer. 1. 5. 15. What gather you of this that Gods decree is defined by his most perfects w●ll First that the things which he decreeth are most perfectly good Secondly that we must not subject his decree to our shallow and base capacity or measure it by our reason considering that the will of God from whence the decree cometh is unsearchable What be the parts or kinds of Gods decree That which God hath decreed concerning all his creatures generally for the declaration of his power wisdome and goodnesse in their creation and preservation and that which he hath decreed specially touching the good or evill of the chief or reasonable creatures Angels and Men to declare the glory of his grace and justice What note you in the former That God according to his good pleasure hath most certainly decreed every both thing and action whether past present or to come and not onely the things and actions themselves but also all their circumstances of place and time meanes manner and end so that they shall not come to passe in any other place or time then he hath ordained and then and there they shall come to passe necessarily Psalm 99. 4. Acts 27. 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27. 31 32 33 34. Doth this necessity take away freedome of will in election or the nature and property of second causes No but onely brings them into a certain order that is directeth them to the determined end whereupon the effects and events of things are contingent or necessary as the nature of the second cause is so Christ according to his Fathers Decree dyed necessarily Acts 17. 3. but yet willingly and if we respect the temperature of Christs body he might have prolonged his life and therefore in this respect may be said to have died contingently What consider you in the especiall decree which concerneth the good or evill of the principall creatures The fore-appointment of their everlasting estate and of the means tending thereunto the former whereof is called Predestination What is Predestination It is the speciall decree of God whereby he hath from evelasting freely and for his own glory fore-ordained all reasonable creatures to a certain and everlasting estate of glory in heaven or shame in hell What creatures come within this decree Both Angels 1 Tim. 5. 21. Matth. 25. 41. and Men 1 Thess. 5. 9. Rom. 9. 13. 22 23. 1 Pet. 2. 8. Eph. 1. 5. John 17. 12. 22. Exodus 33. 14. What is the cause of this decree Only the meer will and free pleasure of God to dispose of his own work as he will Rom. 9. 21. Jer. 5. 14. 18. 22. Esay 64. 8. What manner of decree is this It is a deep and unsearchable an eternall and immutable decree Rom. 11. 32. Eph. 1. 4. Is this decree certain and unchangeable Yea it must needs be so because it is grounded on the eternall and unchangeable will of God and therefore there is a certain number of the elect and reprobate known only to God which cannot possibly be encreased or diminished John 13. 18. 2 Tim. 2. 19. How then doth Moses wish himselfe to be blotted out of the book of life Exod. 32. 32. He speaketh conditionally if it were possible to declare his love to Gods glory and his people as Paul did Rom. 9. 3. But if Gods decree cannot be altered then we may be secure and not care how we live No more then we may neglect and forsake our meat and drink because the tearm of our life is fore-appointed the end and the means are joyned together of God and cannot be separated by any man What are the parts of Predestination Election and Reprobation 1 Thess. 5. 9. Rom. 9. 13. 22 23. VVhat is Election It is the everlasting predestination or fore-appointing of certain Angels and Men unto everlasting life and blessednesse for the praise of his glorious grace and goodnesse 1 Tim. 5. 21. Joh. 15. 16. Rom. 9. 22 23. Eph. 1. 4 5 6. 9. Is there no cause reason or inducement of election in the elected themselves None at all it is wholly of free-grace without respect of any goodnesse that God fore-saw in us 2 Tim. 1. 9. Rom. 9. 16. Phil. 2. 13. Eph. 1. 9. for otherwise man should have whereof he might glory in and of himself as having discerned himself from others and God should not be the cause of all good nor should his counsell be incomprehensible Is not Christ the cause of our Election No not of Gods decreeing of it for that he did of his own free-will but of the execution of it that is our salvation is for and through Christ. What tokens have we of our Election A true faith and a godly life What use are we to make of our Election First it is our great comfort that our salvation standeth by Gods eternall decree that cannot be changed and not in our selves that daily might lose it Secondly it sheweth Gods infinite mercy that before we were or had done good or evill he elected us rather then others as good as wee Thirdly it should make us love God all our life to our uttermost for his love to us Fourthly it is a help against al temptations of Satan or our doubting nature and also against all afflictions and contempt of the world Rom. 8. 38 39. Fiftly it serveth to humble us that we had nothing of our selves for our salvation but it freely came from God

another or one colour for another presuming on the ignorance of the buyer How in respect of the Quality When as he deceitfully selleth old for new that which is corrupt and sophisticated for that which is pure and simple and bad for good To which end he useth many arts and false lights and shewing course and bad wares to commend those for the best which he sheweth after though they be but a little better How in respect of the Quantity When as he detracteth from the just and equal proportion by using false weights and measures not agreeable to the Standard using lesse and lighter when they sell and larger and heavier when they buy which God forbiddeth as abominable Lev. 29. 35 36. Deut. 25. 14 15. Prov. 11. 1. 20. 10. 23. Hos. 12. 7. Amos 8. 5 6 Mic. 6. 10 11. You have spoken of Selling Now what is that alienation which is by buying Buying is a Contract whereby money or a just price is alienated and parted with for wares of proportionable worth What is required in buying Things answerable to those before spoken of in selling and respect first the person buying secondly the thing bought thirdly the price given and fourthly the manner of buying What is required in respect of the person buying That hee buy onely of him whom hee thinketh to bee the right owner of the thing sold for he that buyeth knowne stolne goods communicateth in the Theft What in respect of the thing That hee buy that onely which he knoweth may be lawfully bought and sold. How doe men sinne in this respect When as they offer to buy with Simon Magus spirituall gifts and graces or things consecrated to divine worship that they may alienate them from their right use Pardons and Indulgencies sacred Ordination Benefices and the like Secondly they which buy Iustice and much more injustice by Bribery Thirdly they that buy Lyes and false Testimonies to prevent Iustice. What is required of the buyer in respect of the price That according to his knowledge and judgement he give a just equall and proportionable price according to the true value of the things sold and bought especially when he buyeth of the poore who are by present necessity enforced to sell whether it be wares or labour upon which if any take advantage to beat downe the just price they grievously oppresse the poore Amos 8. 6. 2. 6. Mic. 2. 2. 3. What is required of Buyers in respect of the manner That they use all simplicity and upright dealing and shun all injustice and deceit both in their Words and Deeds How in Words First that they doe not offer much under the true value of the wares they buy according to their knowledge and judgement Secondly that they doe not undeservedly dispraise it and without cause to beat down the price yea even when they inwardly like and approve it Prov. 20. 14. How in Deeds When as they doe not pay at all or lesse then the price that was agreed upon and this deceit respecteth either the quality when as they put off in payment base and adulterate money or in quantity when as they passe for payment clipt money Gen. 23. 16. or such as is defective in weight or number And to these private thefts in buying we may adde one that is more publick when as the buyer buyeth up and ingrosseth a whole commodity that having all in his owne hand hee may raise the market and sell at what rate he listeth Hitherto of that illiberall alienation which is for ever what is that which is onely for a time It is called pawning which is a contract whereby the dominion and right of a mans goods is alienated from the owner to another man onely for a time upon some condition agreed upon between the parties which condition being not observed the right of the thing belongeth to the receiver at least so long till it be performed And this pawning is either of moveables and is called properly pawning or of immoveables and is called morgaging What is his duty who layeth a thing to pawne First to provide that the thing pawned bee at least of equall worth to that for which it is pawned Secondly that he redeem it at the appointed time What is his duty that receiveth a pawne First that if the party be poore and the thing pawned necessary to the preservation of life that either he doe not receive it or that hee doe restore it to the owner when his necessity requireth it Deut. 24. 6. 24. 10 11 12 13 14 15 Ex. 22. 26. Secondly that if the borrower be not able to restore it at the appointed time he doe not use extremity nor take advantage upon his necessity to make him forfeit the thing pawned but at the most provide only for his owne indemnity Ezek. 18. 7. 12. 33. 15. So much of the illiberall Alienation of the thing it selfe Now what is the illiberall Alienation only of the use This contract of Alienation concerning only the use is either location and letting which is the alienation of the thing for hire or hiring and conduction which is the alienation of the hire for the use of the thing VVhat is Location or letting It is a contract whereby only the use of a thing and not the interest and dominion is alienated from the owner to another for hire and wages agreed upon and that only for a certaine time And therefore by this contract the same individuall is to be returned VVhat is his duty that letteth 1. That he require an equall and proportionable price for the thing he letteth 2. That he letteth only such things as are usefull to him that hireth them 3. That he doe not exact any recompence for any hurt which happeneth to the thing hired which commeth not by the fault or negligence of him that hireth it Exod. 22. 11. 15. VVhat is Conduction or hiring It is a contract whereby a man getteth the use of a thing for a certaine time for a just price or reward VVhat is his duty that thus hireth any thing First that he use the thing hired onely for that end and purpose to which he hired it Secondly that he use it no worse then if it were his owne Thirdly that he restore it to the owner at the time agreed upon Lastly that he restore whole and sound the thing hired or if through his fault or negligence it have received any hurt that he give to the owner a valuable recompence Exod. 22. 12. What is that we call Usury It is a lending in expectation of certain gaine What doe you thinke of it If you speak of that property which the Scriptures forbid and condemne it is a wicked and unlawfull Contract into which as a common sinke the filth of many other sinnes and unlawfull Contracts doe runne a fruitfull wombe in which many vices and corruptions are bred and by which if we live and dye in it without repentance wee are

just condemned Prov. 17. 15. which for the most part hapneth because the Iudge is corrupted with bribes or accepteth persons both which are forbidden and condemned Deut. 16. 18 19. Exod. 23. 8. Prov. 24. 23 24. 28 21. Lev. 19. 15. Deut. 1. 16 17. What must Iudges doe to avoid this They must ever remember that in the Seat of Iustice they represent God himselfe and in that regard are called Gods Exod. 22. 28. Psal 82. 1 2. and therefore they must judge as God would if he were present 2 Chron. 19. 6. which if they doe not they must expect that woe threatened Isa. 5. 23. Neither must they protract suites but put as speedy an end unto them as the cause will permit Exod. 18. 17. 23. What is the duty of the Notary That they commit things truly to writing conserve them truly and truly recite them What are the Persons suing and contending in Law They are either the principall or lesse principall The principall are the Plaintiffe and Defendant to both which this common duty belongeth 1. That they doe not contend in Law unlesse in their consciences they are perswaded that their cause is good just yea and necessary also 2. That in pursuing of it they doe not say or doe any thing that is false and unjust What are the vices opposite hereunto First to commence suits out of a love and desire of contention Secondly to produce false instruments writings proofes seales and suborne false witnesses What are the speciall corruptions of the Plaintiffe First to calumniate upon a false or uncertaine ground Deut. 19. 16. So Haman Esth. 3. 8. So Acts 25. 7. Secondly when prevaricating and trifling in the cause they conceale and let passe weighty matters and hainous crimes and insist upon those which are light feigned and impertinent so as they may seem to dally and trifle with their adversary rather then to contend in a legall manner Thirdly when as they fall off and hang back from a just accusation once undertaken What are the speciall sinnes of the Defendant To defend himselfe in a false way which is done in a various manner First by false speaking in denying the fault whereof hee is accused and standeth guilty as it is usuall among us whereas wee should give glory unto God by confessing our sinne Ios. 7. 19. Iob 31. 33. and not by denying the truth to adde sin unto sins Secondly by concealing and hiding the truth which hee ought to confesse Thirdly by answering indirectly and so waving a just accusation So Adam Gen. 3. 12. How else doth the Defendant offend First by making an unjust appeale to protract the suit Secondly by resisting a just sentence which is to resist Gods Ordinance in a lawfull power instituted by him and so to make himselfe liable to damnation Rom. 13. 2. Who are the persons that are lesse principall The Lawyers who plead the cause of the parties and principalls What are their duties First to undertake the defence of such causes onely as in their judgement appeare to be good and just Secondly to defend them in a true and just manner VVhat are the corruptions opposite hereunto First wittingly to undertake the defence of ill and unjust causes wherein they sinne First against God whilst they labour to overturne truth and judgement Eccles. 5. 7. Secondly against their neighbour as First against the Iudge in seeking to corrupt his judgement that hee may passe an unjust sentence Secondly against his Client by incouraging him in a sinfull course if hee prevaile or defrauding him of his money if hee doe not Thirdly against his adversary whom he woundeth either in his body goods or fame Prov. 25. 18. Thirdly against his owne soule first in a sinfull defence of an unjust cause Exod. 23. 1. 2. Chr. 19. 2. Rom. 1. 31. 2. Secondly by setting his tongue to sale to speak lyes for fees Prov. 21. 6. and with their tongue their soules also What other vice doe Lawyers commit by handling of their causes in an evill manner They handle them ill First by lying either for their client or against their adversary in both which they are guilty of a false testimony Secondly by prevarication in betraying the cause of their Client whilst they seeme to defend it and this is the worst kinde of cousenage and theft What is the testimony of the witnesse which this Commandement specially respecteth and what is required unto it Two things First that he be ready and willing to give his testimony when need requireth Secondly that he doe give a true testimony When doth need require it Either when lawfull authority calleth for it or when thereby he can doe his neighbour good Prov. 24. 11. Psal. 82. 4. Prov. 14. 25. What are the vices opposite hereunto First to detract and with-hold a true testimony Secondly to give a false testimony What doe you thinke of this sinne That it is odious abominable to God Pro. 6. 18. and therefore God made choice of this sin as most hainous to comprehend under it also sins of the like kinde as in the other Commandements forbidding murther adultery theft Secondly because he addeth perjurie to his false testimonie Thirdly because he sinneth against the Iudge whom he laboureth to pervert against the Plaintiffe and the Defendant Prov. 25. 18. and most of all against his owne soule as before Prov. 19. 5. 9. 21. 28. Deut. 19. 16. 19. Apoc. 21. 15. 21. 8. You have spoken of publike testimonies in Courts of Justice Now what are those which are given out of Courts They are either open and manifest or else hid and secret What are those that are open and manifest They are either in the publick ministery of the Word or in publick Writings or in Elections How in the publick Ministery He giveth therein a false testimony who preacheth false Doctrine which is repugnant to Gods glory or hindreth mans salvation which God hath appointed to be punished with death Zach. 13. 3. And the same is to be said of those who in their publick writings broach errours or oppose the truth How in elections When those are not preferred that are worthy but those that are unworthy for in elections men testifie their excellency that are chosen before others What are the false testimonies that are hidden and in secret They are either in infamous Libels which by the Civill Law disable a man from giving any testimony or the spreading of false rumours and scandalous reports tending to the disgrace of our neighbours Exod. 23. 1. You have spoken of publike testimonies now what are private tectimonies or the private profession of the truth with charity It is either of the vertues or vices of our neighbours What is the duty which respects the vertues of our neighbours It is willingly to acknowledge and ingenuously to commend the vertues and good parts of our neighbours both absent and present to the glory of God that gave them and the encrease