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A82508 A defence of sundry positions, and Scriptures alledged to justifie the Congregationall-way; charged at first to be weak therein, impertinent, and unsufficient; by R.H. M. A. of Magd. Col. Cambr. in his examination of them; but upon further examination, cleerly manifested to be sufficient, pertinent, and full of power. / By [brace] Samuel Eaton, teacher, and Timothy Taylor, pastor [brace] of [brace] the church in Duckenfield, in Cheshire. Published according to order. Eaton, Samuel, 1596?-1665.; Taylor, Timothy, 1611 or 12-1681. 1645 (1645) Wing E118; Thomason E308_27; ESTC R200391 116,862 145

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Peter not as a Believer but as an Apostle in Office and Commission for what ever the import of the thing promised may be yet that hinders not but the promise may be made to Peter under the respect and consideration of a Believer For the thing promised in this place may be considered two wayes First as a reward in generall of grace and mercy Secondly as such a reward which importeth a power of opening and shutting the Kingdome of heaven Now the Power of the Keys considered as a reward of grace and mercy is promised to Peter as making such a glorious confession 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and I say unto thee q. d. thou hast made such a holy confession of me that I say unto thee I will not suffer thee to go unrewarded but I do promise that I will give thee the Keys of the Kingdome of heaven c. Now Peter did not confesse Christ as a generall Officer but as a Believer and therefore the reward which is the promise is made to him not as a generall Officer but as a Believer 2. As importing a power of opening and shutting and so though it be promised to Peter as a Believer and in him to all those that shall make the same holy confession of Christ that he did yet is it not to be executed either by Peter himself or any other under the notion and consideration of a Believer only but imports also an Office or State under the capacity and consideration of which it is to be executed Thus when Christ saith to Peter I will give to thee Keys c. he doth thereby promise that Peter shall be as a Member as an Elder as an Apostle in the Gospel-churches and in all these capacities shou'd have some share in the dispensation of the power of the Keys The consequent whereof is this No Believer at this day meerly as a Believer nay nor yet as a Believer externally confessing Christ with the mouth may have any share in executing the power of the Keys unlesse he be a Brother joyned to some Church or an Elder set over some Church for children for their weaknesse and women for their sex are excluded by a positive law For as the power of the Keys is promised so the State under the consideration of which they shall exercise such power yea and a Commission from Christ by which they shall exercise that power is also promised And thus Mr. Cotton may say that Peter may he considered as an Apostle an Elder a Brother because together with the power of the Keys the state of an Apostle of an Elder of a Brother is promised and yet not clash with the Elders of New-England who affirm that the power of the Keys is promised to Peter i. e. as a reward of grace and mercy as a Believer Neither need the Elders of New-England dread your three-fold consequence viz. First That the Keys are not given to any visible Church And Secondly That they are given to all Believers in covenant or no whether males or females Thirdly That Apostles and Pastors have no more power of the Keys then ordinary Believers which as they are false and absurd so it may easily appear by that which hath been said that they cannot shelter themselves under any thing in the Position of the Elders of New-England Neither will that Axiom à quatenus ad omnevalet consequentia i. from as such to all such a consequence is of force how beare you out in so unjust a charge For though it be true in such Propositions where the specificall difference is predicated of the Species or proper Accident of the Subject the proper effect of the immediate cause yet it will not hold when you speak of a Soveraign Lord acting in a transcendent way of liberty no nor of a rationall creature moving according to choyce and election Suppose you should have a servant that should prove faithfull in his place though one of the meanest places and therefore you should promise to give into his hand all the Keys of the house that he should open and shut to all the rest and this you should do looking upon him as faithfull A quatenus ad omne non valet consequentia in such a case it will not follow that every faithfull servant in your house hath the power of the Keys neither will it follow that the faithfull servant to whom the promise of the Keys much lesse every other faithfull servant as such may execute the power of the Keys For though the promise be made to that servant under the capacity of a faithfull servant yet the promise it self carries an Office by implication viz. the office of Steward under which consideration and not under the consideration of a faithfull servant he is to manage the power of the Keys Phineas the son of Eleazar the son of Aaron was zealous for God Numb 25. and God gives him the covenant of an everlasting Priesthood because he was zealous will you say that A quatenus ad omnia valebat consequentia in this case i. e. because an everlasting Priesthood was promised to Phineas because he was zealous therefore every zealous person hath an everlasting Priesthood Lastly that it was far from the purpose of the Elders of New-England to assert any such Doctrine as you would draw from their words may appeare in this Answer and elsewhere in this booke wherein they place the power of the Keys not in the body as contradistinct to the guides but in the whole consisting of Rulers and ruled giving to the Rulers an authoritative power which they give not to the ruled POSITION XXI 1 Cor. 5. Paul himself though an extraordinary Officer yet would not take upon him to excommunicate the incestuous person without the Church but sends to them exhorting them to do it (a) See also answ to 23. q. pag. 49. and reproves the Brethren of the Church of Coriuth as well as the Elders that they did no sooner put him away (b) Cotton Keys pag. 13. To prove that this Doctrine is injurious to the Text you thus reason He blames all women as well as men Answer that notwithstanding the notorious fornication which was amongst them they were puffed up and gloried c. 1. We suppose this battery is raised against those words Reply and reproves the Brethren as well as the Elders c. Now if it might be any gratification of strength to your Argument we will grant that the Apostle blames all in generall and yet the Elders may without any shew of wrong to the Text affirm that he blames the Brethren as well as the Elders for it will not follow Paul reproves the whole Church Ergo he reproves not the Brethren which are a part of the Church 2. If it be said that the wrong lies in the scope of the words For hence we go above to prove that the Brethren have ashare in the power of Church-censures Now the same argument will prove from this