two_o faculty_n of_o the_o same_o soul_n no_o absolute_a necessity_n but_o mere_o upon_o supposition_n and_o therefore_o the_o same_o author_n who_o matntain_v that_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o understanding_n do_v necessary_o determine_v the_o will_n do_v yet_o much_o more_o earnest_o oppugn_v t._n h._n his_o absolute_a necessity_n of_o all_o occurrence_n suppose_v the_o will_n shall_v apply_v the_o understanding_n to_o deliberate_v and_o not_o require_v a_o review_n suppose_v the_o dictate_v of_o the_o understanding_n shall_v be_v absolute_a not_o this_o or_o that_o indifferent_o nor_o this_o rather_o than_o that_o comparative_o but_o this_o positive_o nor_o this_o free_o but_o this_o necessary_o and_o suppose_v the_o will_v do_v will_v efficacious_o and_o do_v not_o suspend_v its_o own_o act_n then_o here_o be_v a_o necessity_n indeed_o but_o neither_o absolute_a nor_o extrinsical_a nor_o antecedent_n flow_v from_o a_o concourse_n of_o cause_n without_o ourselves_o but_o a_o necessity_n upon_o supposition_n which_o we_o do_v ready_o grant_v so_o far_o t._n h._n be_v wide_a from_o the_o truth_n while_o he_o maintain_v either_o that_o the_o apprehension_n of_o a_o great_a good_a do_v neessitate_fw-la the_o will_n or_o that_o this_o be_v a_o absolute_a necessity_n b_o last_o whereas_o he_o say_v that_o the_o nature_n of_o election_n do_v consist_v in_o follow_v our_o hope_n and_o fear_n i_o can_v but_o observe_v that_o there_o be_v not_o one_o word_n of_o art_n in_o this_o whole_a treatife_n which_o he_o use_v in_o the_o right_a sense_n i_o hope_v it_o do_v not_o proceed_v out_o of_o a_o affectation_n of_o singularity_n nor_o out_o of_o a_o contempt_n of_o former_a writer_n nor_o out_o of_o a_o desire_n to_o take_v in_o sunder_o the_o whole_a frame_n of_o learning_n and_o new_a mould_n it_o after_o his_o own_o mind_n it_o be_v to_o be_v wish_v that_o at_o least_o he_o will_v give_v we_o a_o new_a dictionary_n that_o we_o may_v understand_v his_o sense_n but_o because_o this_o be_v but_o touch_v here_o spare_o and_o upon_o the_o by_o i_o will_v forbear_v it_o until_o i_o meet_v with_o it_o again_o in_o its_o proper_a place_n and_o for_o the_o present_a it_o shall_v suffice_v to_o say_v that_o hope_n and_o fear_n be_v common_a to_o brute_n beast_n but_o election_n be_v a_o rational_a act_n and_o be_v proper_a only_o to_o man_n who_o be_v sanctius_n his_o animal_n mentisque_fw-la capacius_fw-la altae_fw-la t._n h._n the_o second_o place_n of_o scripture_n be_v josh._n 24._o 15._o the_o three_o be_v 2_o sam._n 24._o 12._o whereby_o it_o be_v clear_o prove_v that_o there_o be_v election_n in_o man_n but_o not_o prove_v that_o such_o election_n be_v not_o necessitate_v by_o the_o hope_n and_o fear_n and_o consideration_n of_o good_a and_o bad_a to_o follow_v which_o depend_v not_o on_o the_o will_n nor_o be_v subject_n to_o election_n and_o therefore_o one_o answer_n serve_v all_o such_o place_n if_o they_o be_v a_o thousand_o j._n d._n this_o answer_n be_v the_o very_a same_o with_o the_o former_a word_n for_o word_n which_o have_v already_o sufficient_o be_v shake_v in_o piece_n do_v require_v no_o new_a reply_n animadversion_n upon_o the_o bishop_n reply_v numb_a vii_o a_o there_o be_v no_o thing_n say_v with_o more_o show_n of_o reason_n in_o this_o cause_n by_o the_o patron_n of_o necessity_n than_o this_o that_o the_o will_n do_v perpetual_o and_o infallible_o follow_v the_o last_o dictate_v of_o the_o understanding_n or_o the_o last_o judgement_n of_o right_a reason_n etc._n etc._n yet_o the_o common_a and_o approve_a opinion_n be_v contrary_a and_o just_o for_o first_o this_o very_a act_n of_o the_o understanding_n be_v a_o effect_n of_o the_o will_n etc._n etc._n i_o note_v here_o first_o that_o the_o bishop_n be_v mistake_v in_o say_v that_o i_o or_o any_o other_o patron_n of_o necessity_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o will_n follow_v always_o the_o last_o judgement_n of_o right_a reason_n for_o it_o follow_v as_o well_o the_o judgement_n of_o a_o erroneous_a as_o of_o a_o true_a reason_n and_o the_o truth_n in_o general_n be_v that_o it_o follow_v the_o last_o opinion_n of_o the_o goodness_n or_o evilness_n of_o the_o object_n be_v the_o opinion_n true_a or_o false_a second_o i_o note_v that_o in_o make_v the_o understanding_n to_o be_v a_o effect_n of_o the_o will_n he_o think_v a_o man_n may_v have_v a_o will_v to_o that_o which_o he_o not_o so_o much_o as_o think_v on_o and_o in_o say_v that_o it_o be_v the_o will_n which_o affect_v some_o particular_a good_a do_v engage_v and_o command_v the_o understanding_n to_o consult_v etc._n etc._n that_o he_o not_o only_o think_v the_o will_n affect_v a_o particular_a good_a before_o the_o man_n understand_v it_o to_o be_v good_a but_o also_o he_o think_v that_o these_o word_n do_v command_v the_o understanding_n and_o these_o for_o it_o belong_v to_o the_o will_v as_o to_o the_o general_n of_o a_o army_n to_o move_v the_o other_o power_n of_o the_o soul_n to_o their_o act_n and_o a_o great_a many_o more_o that_o follow_v which_o be_v not_o sense_n but_o mere_a confusion_n &_o emptiness_n as_o for_o example_n the_o understanding_n do_v determine_v the_o will_n not_o natural_o but_o moral_o and_o the_o will_v be_v move_v by_o the_o understanding_n be_v unintelligible_a move_v not_o as_o by_o a_o efficient_a be_v nonsense_n and_o where_o he_o say_v that_o it_o be_v ridiculous_a to_o say_v the_o object_n of_o the_o sight_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o see_v he_o show_v so_o clear_o that_o he_o understand_v nothing_o at_o all_o of_o natural_a philosophy_n that_o i_o be_o sorry_a i_o have_v the_o ill_a fortune_n to_o be_v engage_v with_o he_o in_o a_o dispute_n of_o this_o kind_n there_o be_v nothing_o that_o the_o simple_a country_n man_n can_v say_v so_o absurd_o concern_v the_o understanding_n as_o this_o of_o the_o bishop_n the_o judgement_n of_o the_o understanding_n be_v not_o always_o practicè_fw-la practicum_fw-la a_o country_n man_n will_v acknowledge_v there_o be_v judgement_n in_o man_n but_o will_v as_o soon_o say_v the_o judgement_n of_o the_o judgement_n as_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o understanding_n and_o if_o practicè_fw-la practicum_fw-la have_v be_v sense_n he_o may_v have_v make_v a_o shift_n to_o put_v it_o into_o english_a much_o more_o follow_v of_o this_o stuff_n b_o last_o whereas_o he_o say_v that_o the_o nature_n of_o election_n do_v consist_v in_o follow_v our_o hope_n and_o fear_n i_o can_v but_o observe_v that_o there_o be_v not_o one_o word_n of_o art_n in_o this_o whole_a treatise_n which_o he_o use_v in_o the_o right_a sense_n i_o hope_v it_o do_v not_o proceed_v out_o of_o a_o affectation_n of_o singularity_n nor_o out_o of_o a_o contempt_n of_o former_a writer_n etc._n etc._n he_o may_v have_v say_v there_o be_v not_o a_o word_n of_o jargon_n nor_o nonsense_n and_o that_o it_o proceed_v from_o a_o affectation_n of_o truth_n and_o contempt_n of_o metaphysical_a writer_n and_o a_o desire_n to_o reduce_v into_o frame_v the_o learning_n which_o they_o have_v confound_v and_o disorder_v t._n h._n suppose_v it_o seem_v i_o may_v answer_v as_o i_o have_v do_v that_o 8._o numb_a 8._o necessity_n and_o election_n may_v stand_v together_o and_o instance_n in_o the_o action_n of_o child_n fool_n and_o brute_n beast_n who_o fancy_n i_o may_v say_v be_v necessitate_v and_o determine_v to_o one_o before_o these_o his_o proof_n out_o of_o scripture_n he_o desire_v to_o prevent_v that_o instance_n and_o therefore_o say_v that_o the_o action_n of_o child_n fool_n madman_n and_o beast_n be_v indeed_o determine_v but_o that_o they_o proceed_v not_o from_o election_n nor_o from_o free_a but_o from_o spontaneous_a agent_n as_o for_o example_n that_o the_o bee_n when_o it_o make_v honey_n do_v it_o spontaneous_o and_o when_o the_o spider_n make_v his_o web_n he_o do_v it_o spontaneous_o and_o not_o by_o election_n though_o i_o never_o mean_v to_o ground_v any_o answer_n upon_o the_o experience_n of_o what_o child_n fool_n madman_n and_o beast_n do_v yet_o that_o your_o lordship_n may_v understand_v what_o can_v be_v mean_v by_o spontaneous_a and_o how_o it_o differ_v from_o voluntary_a i_o will_v answer_v that_o distinction_n and_o show_n that_o it_o fight_v against_o its_o fellow_n argument_n your_o lordship_n therefore_o be_v to_o consider_v that_o all_o voluntary_a action_n where_o the_o thing_n that_o induce_v the_o will_n be_v not_o fear_n be_v call_v also_o spontaneous_a and_o say_v to_o be_v do_v by_o a_o man_n own_o accord_n as_o when_o a_o man_n give_v money_n voluntary_o to_o another_o for_o merchandise_n or_o out_o of_o affection_n he_o be_v say_v to_o do_v it_o of_o his_o own_o accord_n which_o in_o latin_a be_v sponte_fw-la and_o therefore_o the_o action_n be_v spontaneous_a though_o to_o give_v
for_o that_o time_n any_o sight_n so_o also_o he_o have_v the_o power_n of_o willing_a but_o will_v nothing_o nor_o have_v for_o that_o time_n any_o wil._n i_o must_v therefore_o have_v depart_v very_o much_o from_o my_o own_o principle_n if_o i_o have_v confound_v the_o faculty_n of_o the_o will_n wiâ—h_v the_o act_n of_o volition_n he_o shall_v have_v do_v well_o to_o have_v show_v where_o i_o confound_v they_o it_o be_v true_a i_o make_v the_o will_n to_o be_v the_o last_o part_n of_o deliberation_n but_o it_o be_v that_o will_n which_o make_v the_o action_n voluntary_a and_o therefore_o needs_o must_v be_v the_o last_o but_o for_o the_o precede_a variâ—tions_n of_o the_o will_n to_o do_v and_o not_o to_o do_v though_o they_o be_v so_o many_o several_a will_n contrary_a to_o and_o destroy_v one_o another_o they_o usual_o be_v call_v intention_n and_o therefore_o they_o be_v nothing_o to_o the_o will_n of_o which_o we_o dispute_v that_o make_v a_o action_n voluntary_a and_o though_o a_o man_n have_v in_o every_o long_a deliberation_n a_o great_a many_o will_n and_o nill_v they_o use_v to_o be_v call_v inclination_n and_o the_o last_o only_a will_n which_o be_v immediate_o follow_v by_o the_o voluntary_a action_n but_o nevertheless_o both_o he_o that_o have_v those_o intention_n and_o god_n that_o sâ—eth_v they_o reckon_v they_o for_o so_o many_o wi_n b_o according_a to_o this_o doctrine_n concupiscence_n with_o consent_n shall_v be_v no_o sin_n for_o that_o which_o be_v not_o true_o will_v be_v not_o a_o sin_n this_o be_v no_o consequent_a to_o my_o doctrine_n for_o i_o hold_v that_o they_o be_v in_o the_o sight_n of_o god_n so_o many_o consent_v so_o many_o willing_n which_o will_v have_v be_v follow_v by_o action_n if_o the_o action_n have_v be_v in_o their_o poâ—â—er_n it_o have_v be_v fit_a for_o a_o man_n in_o who_o be_v require_v gravity_n and_o sanctity_n more_o than_o ordinary_a to_o have_v choose_v some_o other_o kind_n of_o instance_n but_o what_o mean_v he_o by_o concupiscence_n with_o consent_n can_v there_o be_v concupiscence_n without_o consent_n it_o be_v the_o consent_n itself_o there_o may_v be_v also_o a_o lawful_a concupiscence_n with_o consent_n for_o concupiscence_n make_v not_o the_o sin_n but_o the_o unlawfulness_n of_o satisfy_v such_o concupiscence_n and_o not_o the_o consent_n but_o the_o will_n and_o design_n to_o prosecute_v that_o which_o a_o man_n know_v to_o be_v unlawful_a a_o appetite_n to_o another_o man_n bread_n be_v concupiscence_n and_o though_o it_o be_v with_o consent_n to_o eat_v it_o be_v no_o sin_n but_o the_o design_n to_o take_v it_o from_o the_o other_o notwithstanding_o that_o he_o may_v fail_v in_o his_o design_n that_o be_v the_o sin_n and_o this_o instance_n may_v have_v serve_v his_o turn_n as_o well_o as_o the_o other_o and_o for_o consent_n if_o he_o have_v understand_v the_o truth_n he_o may_v have_v pâ—t_a design_n t._n h._n fourthly_o that_o those_o action_n which_o man_n be_v say_v to_o do_v upon_o deliberation_n 28._o num._n 28._o be_v say_v to_o be_v voluntary_a and_o do_v upon_o choice_n and_o election_n so_o that_o voluntary_a action_n and_o action_n proceed_v from_o election_n be_v the_o same_o thing_n and_o that_o of_o a_o voluntary_a agent_n it_o be_v all_o one_o to_o say_v he_o be_v free_a and_o to_o say_v he_o have_v not_o make_v a_o end_n of_o deliberate_v j._n d._n a_o this_o short_a section_n may_v pass_v without_o a_o animadversion_n but_o for_o two_o thing_n the_o one_o be_v that_o he_o confound_v a_o voluntary_a act_n with_o a_o free_a act_n a_o free_a act_n be_v only_o that_o which_o proceed_v from_o the_o free_a election_n of_o the_o rational_a will_n after_o deliberation_n but_o every_o act_n that_o proceed_v from_o the_o sensitive_a appetite_n of_o man_n or_o beast_n without_o deliberation_n or_o election_n be_v true_o voluntary_a b_o the_o other_o thing_n observable_a be_v his_o conclusion_n that_o it_o be_v all_o one_o to_o say_v a_o man_n be_v free_a and_o to_o say_v he_o have_v not_o make_v a_o end_n of_o deliberate_v which_o confession_n of_o he_o overturn_v his_o whole_a structure_n of_o absolute_a necessity_n for_o if_o every_o agent_n be_v necessitate_v to_o act_v what_o he_o do_v act_n by_o a_o necessary_a and_o natural_a flux_n of_o extrinsical_a cause_n than_o he_o be_v no_o more_o free_a before_o he_o deliberate_v or_o while_o he_o deliberate_v than_o he_o be_v after_o but_o by_o t._n h._n his_o confession_n here_o he_o be_v more_o free_a while_o he_o deliberate_v than_o he_o be_v after_o and_o so_o after_o all_o his_o flourish_n for_o a_o absolute_a or_o extrinsical_a necessity_n he_o be_v glad_a to_o sit_v himself_o down_o and_o rest_v content_v with_o a_o hypothetical_a necessity_n which_o no_o man_n ever_o deny_v or_o doubt_v of_o ascribe_v the_o necessitation_n of_o a_o man_n in_o free_a act_n to_o his_o own_o deliberation_n and_o in_o indeliberate_a act_n to_o his_o last_o thought_n numb_a 25._o what_o be_v this_o to_o a_o natural_a and_o special_a influence_n of_o extrinsical_a cause_n c_o again_n liberty_n say_v he_o be_v a_o absence_n of_o extrinsical_a impediment_n but_o deliberation_n do_v produce_v no_o new_a extrinsical_a impediment_n therefore_o let_v he_o choose_v which_o part_n he_o will_v either_o he_o be_v free_a after_o deliberation_n by_o his_o own_o doctrine_n or_o he_o be_v not_o free_a before_o our_o own_o deliberation_n and_o the_o direction_n of_o our_o own_o understanding_n and_o the_o election_n of_o our_o own_o will_n do_v produce_v a_o hypothetical_a necessity_n that_o the_o event_n be_v such_o as_o the_o understanding_n have_v direct_v and_o the_o will_v elect_v but_o for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o understanding_n may_v have_v direct_v otherwise_o and_o the_o will_v have_v elect_v otherwise_o this_o be_v far_o from_o a_o absolute_a necessity_n neither_o do_v liberty_n respect_n only_o future_a act_n but_o present_a act_n also_o otherwise_o god_n do_v not_o free_o create_v the_o world_n in_o the_o same_o instant_n wherein_o the_o will_n elect_v it_o be_v free_a according_a to_o a_o priority_n of_o nature_n though_o not_o of_o time_n to_o elect_v otherwise_o and_o so_o in_o a_o divide_a sense_n the_o will_n be_v free_a even_o while_o it_o act_n though_o in_o a_o compound_a seuse_n it_o be_v not_o free_a certain_o deliberation_n do_v constitute_v not_o destroy_v liberty_n animadversion_n upon_o the_o answer_n to_o numb_a xxviii_o a_o this_o short_a section_n may_v pass_v but_o for_o two_o thing_n one_o be_v that_o he_o confound_v a_o voluntary_a act_n with_o a_o free_a act_n i_o do_v indeed_o tâ—ke_v all_o voluntary_a act_n to_o be_v free_a and_o all_o free_a act_n to_o be_v voluntary_a but_o withal_o that_o all_o act_n whether_o free_a or_o voluntary_a if_o they_o be_v act_n be_v necessary_a before_o they_o be_v act_n but_o where_o be_v the_o error_n a_o free_a act_n say_v he_o be_v only_o that_o which_o proceed_v from_o the_o free_a election_n of_o the_o rational_a will_n after_o deliberation_n but_o every_o act_n that_o proceed_v from_o the_o sensitive_a appetite_n of_o man_n or_o beast_n without_o deliberation_n or_o election_n be_v true_o voluntary_a so_o that_o my_o error_n lie_v in_o this_o that_o i_o distinguish_v not_o between_o a_o rational_a will_n and_o a_o sensitive_a appetite_n in_o the_o same_o man_n as_o if_o the_o appetite_n and_o will_n in_o man_n or_o beast_n be_v not_o the_o same_o thing_n or_o that_o sensual_a man_n and_o beast_n do_v not_o deliberate_a and_o choose_v one_o thing_n before_o another_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o wise_a man_n do_v nor_o can_v it_o be_v say_v of_o will_n that_o one_o be_v rational_a the_o other_o sensitive_a but_o of_o man_n and_o if_o it_o be_v grant_v that_o deliberation_n be_v always_o as_o it_o be_v not_o there_o be_v no_o cause_n to_o caâ—â—_n man_n rational_a more_o than_o beast_n for_o it_o be_v manifest_a by_o continual_a experience_n that_o beast_n do_v deliberate_a b_o the_o other_o thing_n observable_a be_v his_o conclusion_n that_o it_o be_v all_o one_o to_o say_v a_o man_n be_v free_a and_o to_o say_v he_o have_v not_o make_v a_o end_n of_o deliberate_v which_o confession_n of_o he_o overturn_v his_o whole_a structure_n of_o absolute_a necessity_n why_o so_o because_o say_v he_o if_o every_o agent_n be_v necessitate_v to_o act_v what_o he_o do_v act_n by_o extrinsical_a cause_n than_o he_o be_v no_o more_o free_a before_o he_o deliberate_v or_o whilst_o he_o deliberate_v than_o he_o be_v after_o but_o this_o be_v a_o false_a consequence_n he_o shall_v have_v infer_v thus_o than_o he_o be_v no_o less_o necessiate_v before_o he_o deliberate_v than_o he_o be_v after_o which_o be_v true_a â—nd_v yet_o nevertheless_o he_o be_v more_o free_a but_o take_v necessity_n to_o be_v inconsistent_a with_o
liberty_n which_o be_v the_o question_n between_o we_o in_o stead_n of_o necessitate_v he_o put_v in_o not_o free_a and_o therefore_o to_o say_v a_o man_n be_v free_a till_o he_o have_v make_v a_o end_n of_o deliberate_v be_v no_o contradiction_n to_o absolute_a and_o antecedent_n necessity_n and_o whereas_o he_o add_v present_o after_o that_o i_o ascribe_v the_o necessitation_n of_o a_o man_n in_o â—ree_a act_n to_o his_o own_o deliberation_n and_o in_o indeliberate_a act_n to_o his_o last_o thought_n he_o mistake_v the_o matter_n for_o i_o ascribe_v all_o necessity_n to_o the_o universal_a series_n or_o order_n of_o cause_n depend_v on_o the_o first_o cause_n eternal_a which_o the_o bishop_n understand_v as_o if_o i_o have_v say_v in_o his_o phrase_n to_o a_o special_a influence_n of_o extrinsical_a cause_n that_o be_v understand_v it_o not_o at_o all_o c_o again_o liberty_n say_v he_o be_v a_o absence_n of_o extrinsical_a impeâ—imentâ—_n but_o deliberation_n do_v produce_v no_o new_a extrinsecall_n impediment_n therefore_o either_o he_o be_v free_a after_o deliberation_n or_o he_o be_v not_o free_v before_o i_o cannot_v perceive_v in_o these_o word_n any_o more_o force_n of_o inference_n then_o of_o so_o many_o other_o word_n whatsoever_o put_v together_o at_o adventure_n but_o be_v his_o meaning_n what_o he_o will_v i_o say_v not_o that_o deliberation_n porduce_v any_o impediment_n for_o there_o be_v no_o impediment_n but_o to_o the_o action_n whilst_o we_o be_v endeavour_v to_o do_v it_o which_o be_v not_o till_o we_o have_v do_v deliberate_v but_o during_o the_o deliberation_n there_o arise_v thought_n in_o he_o that_o deliberate_v concern_v the_o consequence_n of_o the_o action_n whereof_o he_o deliberate_v which_o cause_n the_o action_n follow_v which_o be_v not_o impediment_n to_o that_o which_o be_v not_o do_v but_o the_o cause_n of_o that_o which_o be_v do_v that_o which_o follow_v in_o this_o number_n be_v not_o intelligible_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o insignificance_n of_o these_o word_n understanding_n direct_v will_n elect_v hypothetical_a necessity_n which_o be_v but_o jargon_n and_o his_o divide_a sense_n and_o compound_v sense_n non_fw-fr sense_n and_o this_o also_o liberty_n respect_v not_o future_a act_n only_o but_o present_a act_n also_o be_v unintelli_n ible_a for_o how_o can_v a_o man_n have_v liberty_n to_o do_v or_o not_o to_o do_v that_o which_o be_v at_o the_o same_o instant_n already_o do_v for_o where_o he_o add_v otherwise_o god_n do_v not_o free_o create_v the_o world_n it_o prove_v nothing_o because_o he_o have_v the_o liberty_n to_o create_v it_o before_o it_o be_v create_v beside_o it_o be_v a_o pâ—rphancing_v of_o the_o name_n of_o god_n to_o make_v instance_n of_o his_o incomprehensible_a work_n in_o a_o question_n as_o this_o be_v mere_o natural_a t._n h._n fiftly_o i_o conceive_v liberty_n to_o be_v right_o define_v in_o this_o manner_n 29._o num._n 29._o liberty_n be_v the_o absence_n of_o all_o the_o impediment_n to_o action_n that_o be_v not_o contain_v in_o the_o nature_n and_o in_o the_o intrinsical_a quality_n of_o the_o agent_n as_o for_o example_n the_o water_n be_v say_v to_o descend_v free_o or_o to_o have_v liberty_n to_o descend_v by_o the_o channel_n of_o the_o river_n because_o there_o be_v no_o impediment_n that_o way_n but_o not_o across_o because_o the_o bank_n be_v impediment_n and_o though_o water_n can_v ascend_v yet_o man_n never_o say_v it_o want_v the_o liberty_n to_o ascend_v but_o the_o faculty_n or_o power_n because_o the_o impediment_n be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o water_n and_o intrinsical_v so_o also_o we_o say_v he_o that_o be_v tie_v want_v the_o liberty_n to_o go_v because_o the_o impediment_n be_v not_o in_o he_o but_o in_o his_o bonâ—s_n whereas_o we_o say_v not_o so_o of_o he_o that_o be_v sick_a or_o lame_a bâ—cause_fw-mi the_o impediment_n be_v in_o himself_o j._n d._n a_o how_o that_o shall_v be_v a_o right_a definition_n of_o liberty_n which_o comprehend_v neither_o the_o genus_fw-la nor_o the_o difference_n neither_o the_o matter_n nor_o the_o form_n of_o liberty_n which_o do_v not_o so_o much_o as_o accidental_o describe_v liberty_n by_o its_o mark_n and_o token_n how_o a_o real_a faculty_n or_o the_o elective_a power_n shall_v be_v define_v by_o a_o negation_n or_o by_o a_o absence_n be_v past_o my_o understanding_n and_o contrary_a to_o all_o the_o rule_n of_o right_a reason_n which_o i_o have_v learn_v negative_n can_v explicate_v the_o nature_n of_o thing_n define_v by_o this_o definition_n a_o stone_n have_v liberty_n to_o ascend_v into_o the_o air_n because_o there_o be_v no_o outward_a impediment_n to_o hinder_v it_o and_o so_o a_o violent_a act_n may_v be_v a_o free_a act_n just_o like_o his_o definit_a on_o be_v his_o instance_n of_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o water_n to_o descend_v down_o the_o channel_n and_o a_o sick_a or_o a_o lame_a man_n liberty_n to_o go_v the_o late_a be_v a_o impotence_n and_o not_o a_o power_n or_o a_o liberty_n the_o former_a be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v a_o free_a act_n that_o it_o be_v scarce_o a_o natural_a act_n certain_o the_o proper_a natural_a motion_n of_o water_n as_o of_o all_o heavy_a body_n be_v to_o descend_v direct_o downward_o towards_o the_o centre_n as_o we_o see_v in_o rain_n which_o fall_v down_o perpendicular_o though_o this_o be_v far_o from_o a_o free_a act_n which_o proceed_v from_o a_o rational_a appetite_n yet_o it_o be_v a_o natural_a act_n and_o proceed_v from_o a_o natural_a appetite_n and_o have_v its_o reason_n within_o in_o itself_o so_o have_v not_o the_o current_n of_o the_o river_n in_o its_o channel_n which_o must_v not_o be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o proper_a nature_n of_o the_o water_n but_o either_o to_o the_o general_a order_n of_o the_o universe_n for_o the_o better_a be_v and_o preservation_n of_o the_o creature_n otherwise_o the_o water_n shall_v not_o move_v in_o sea_n and_o river_n as_o they_o do_v but_o cover_v the_o face_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o possess_v their_o proper_a place_n between_o the_o air_n and_o the_o earth_n according_a to_o the_o degree_n of_o their_o gravity_n or_o to_o a_o extrinsical_a principle_n whilst_o one_o particle_n of_o water_n thrust_v and_o force_v forward_o another_o and_o so_o come_v a_o current_n or_o at_o least_o so_o come_v the_o current_n to_o be_v more_o impetuous_a to_o which_o motion_n the_o position_n of_o the_o earth_n do_v contribute_v much_o both_o by_o restrain_v that_o fluid_a body_n with_o its_o bank_n from_o disperse_v itself_o and_o also_o by_o afford_v way_n for_o a_o fair_a and_o easy_a descent_n by_o its_o proclivity_n he_o tell_v we_o sad_o that_o the_o water_n want_v liberty_n to_o go_v over_o the_o bank_n because_o there_o be_v a_o extrinsical_a impediment_n but_o to_o ascend_v up_o the_o channel_n it_o want_v not_o liberty_n but_o power_n why_o liberty_n be_v a_o power_n if_o it_o want_v power_n to_o ascend_v it_o want_v liberty_n to_o ascend_v but_o he_o make_v the_o reason_n why_o the_o water_n ascend_v not_o up_o the_o channel_n to_o be_v intrinsical_v and_o the_o reason_n why_o it_o ascend_v not_o over_o the_o bank_n to_o be_v extrinsical_a as_o if_o there_o be_v not_o a_o rise_n of_o the_o ground_n up_o the_o channel_n as_o well_o as_o up_o the_o bank_n though_o it_o be_v not_o so_o discernible_a nor_o always_o so_o sudden_a the_o natural_a appetite_n of_o the_o water_n be_v as_o much_o against_o the_o ascend_n over_o the_o bank_n as_o the_o ascend_a up_o the_o channel_n and_o the_o extrinsical_a impediment_n be_v as_o great_a in_o ascend_v up_o the_o channel_n as_o over_o the_o bank_n or_o rather_o great_a because_o there_o it_o must_v move_v not_o only_o against_o the_o rise_a soil_n but_o also_o against_o the_o succeed_a water_n which_o press_v forward_o the_o former_a either_o the_o river_n want_v liberty_n for_o both_o or_o else_o it_o want_v liberty_n for_o neither_o but_o to_o leave_v his_o metaphorical_a faculty_n and_o his_o catachrestical_a liberty_n how_o far_o be_v his_o discourse_n wide_o from_o the_o true_a moral_a liberty_n which_o be_v in_o question_n between_o we_o his_o former_a description_n of_o a_o free_a agent_n that_o be_v he_o who_o have_v not_o make_v a_o end_n of_o deliberate_v though_o it_o be_v wide_a from_o the_o mark_n yet_o it_o come_v much_o near_o the_o truth_n than_o this_o definition_n of_o liberty_n unless_o perhaps_o he_o think_v that_o the_o water_n have_v do_v deliberate_v whether_o it_o will_v go_v over_o the_o bank_n but_o have_v not_o do_v deliberate_v whether_o it_o will_v go_v up_o the_o channel_n animadversion_n upon_o the_o answer_n to_o numb_a xxix_o a_o how_o that_o shall_v be_v a_o right_a definition_n of_o liberty_n which_o comprehend_v neither_o the_o genus_fw-la nor_o the_o difference_n neither_o the_o matter_n nor_o the_o
that_o my_o principle_n be_v pernicious_a both_o to_o piety_n and_o policy_n and_o destructive_a to_o all_o relation_n etc._n etc._n my_o answer_n be_v that_o i_o desire_v not_o that_o he_o or_o they_o shall_v so_o misspend_v their_o time_n but_o if_o they_o will_v needs_o do_v it_o i_o can_v give_v they_o a_o fit_a title_n for_o their_o book_n behemoth_n against_o leviathan_n he_o end_v his_o epistle_n with_o so_o god_n bless_v we_o which_o word_n be_v good_a in_o themselves_o but_o to_o no_o purpose_n here_o but_o be_v a_o buffonly_a abuse_n of_o the_o name_n of_o god_n to_o calumny_n a_o vindication_n of_o true_a liberty_n from_z antecedent_n and_o extrinsical_a necessity_n j._n d._n either_o i_o be_o free_a to_o write_v this_o discourse_n for_o liberty_n against_o necessity_n or_o i_o be_o not_o free_a if_o i_o be_v 1._o numb_a 1._o free_a i_o have_v obtain_v the_o cause_n and_o ought_v not_o to_o suffer_v for_o the_o truth_n if_o i_o be_v not_o free_a yet_o i_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v blame_v since_o i_o do_v it_o not_o out_o of_o any_o voluntary_a election_n but_o out_o of_o a_o inevitable_a necessity_n t._n h._n right_o honourable_a i_o have_v once_o resolve_v to_o answer_v j._n d'ye_o objection_n to_o my_o book_n de_fw-fr cive_z in_o the_o first_o place_n as_o that_o which_o concern_v i_o most_o and_o afterward_o to_o examine_v this_o discourse_n of_o liberty_n and_o necessity_n which_o because_o i_o never_o have_v utter_v my_o opinion_n of_o it_o concern_v i_o the_o less_o but_o see_v it_o be_v both_o your_o lordship_n and_o j._n d_o s._n desire_n that_o i_o shall_v begin_v with_o the_o late_a i_o be_v content_v so_o to_o do_v and_o here_o i_o present_a and_o submit_v it_o to_o your_o lordship_n judgement_n j._n d._n a_o the_o first_o day_n that_o i_o do_v read_v over_o t._n h._n his_o defence_n of_o the_o necessity_n of_o all_o thing_n be_v april_n 20._o 1646._o which_o proceed_v not_o out_o of_o any_o disrespect_n to_o he_o for_o if_o all_o his_o discourse_n have_v be_v geometrical_a demonstration_n able_a not_o only_o to_o persuade_v but_o also_o to_o compel_v assent_n all_o have_v be_v one_o to_o i_o first_o my_o journey_n and_o afterward_o some_o other_o trifle_n which_o we_o call_v business_n have_v divert_v i_o until_o then_o and_o then_o my_o occasion_n permit_v i_o and_o a_o advertisement_n from_o a_o friend_n awaken_n i_o i_o set_v myself_o to_o a_o serious_a examination_n of_o it_o we_o common_o see_v those_o who_o delight_n in_o paradox_n if_o they_o have_v line_n enough_o confute_v themselves_o and_o their_o speculatives_n and_o their_o practics_n familiar_o enterfere_v one_o with_o another_o b_o the_o very_a first_o word_n of_o t._n h._n his_o defence_n trip_v up_o the_o heel_n of_o his_o whole_a cause_n i_o have_v once_o resolve_v to_o resolve_v praesuppose_v deliberation_n but_o what_o deliberation_n can_v there_o be_v of_o that_o which_o be_v inevitable_o determine_v by_o cause_n without_o ourselves_o before_o we_o do_v deliberate_a can_v a_o condemn_a man_n deliberate_a whether_o he_o shall_v be_v execute_v or_o not_o it_o be_v even_o to_o as_o much_o purpose_n as_o for_o a_o man_n to_o consult_v and_o ponder_v with_o himself_o whether_o he_o shall_v draw_v in_o his_o breath_n or_o whether_o he_o shall_v increase_v in_o stature_n second_o c_o to_o resolve_n imply_v a_o man_n dominion_n over_o his_o own_o action_n and_o his_o actual_a determination_n of_o himself_o but_o he_o who_o hold_v a_o absolute_a necessity_n of_o all_o thing_n have_v quit_v this_o dominion_n over_o himself_o &_o which_o be_v worse_o have_v quit_v it_o to_o the_o second_o extrinsical_a cause_n in_o which_o he_o make_v all_o his_o action_n to_o be_v determine_v one_o may_v as_o well_o call_v again_o yesterday_o as_o resolve_v or_o new_o determine_v that_o which_o be_v determine_v to_o his_o hand_n already_o d_o i_o have_v peruse_v this_o treatise_n weigh_v t._n h_n his_o answer_n consider_v his_o reason_n and_o conclude_v that_o he_o have_v miss_v and_o miss_v the_o question_n that_o the_o answer_n be_v evasion_n that_o his_o argument_n be_v paralogism_n that_o the_o opinion_n of_o absolute_a and_o universal_a necessity_n be_v but_o a_o result_n of_o some_o groundless_a and_o ill_a choose_a principle_n and_o that_o the_o defect_n be_v not_o in_o himself_o but_o that_o his_o cause_n will_v admit_v no_o better_a defence_n and_o therefore_o by_o his_o favour_n i_o be_o resolve_v to_o adhere_v to_o my_o first_o opinion_n perhaps_o another_o man_n read_v this_o discourse_n with_o other_o eye_n judge_v it_o to_o be_v pertinent_a and_o well_o found_v how_o come_v this_o to_o pass_v the_o treatise_n be_v the_o same_o the_o exterior_a cause_n be_v the_o same_o yet_o the_o resolution_n be_v contrary_a do_v the_o second_o cause_n play_v fast_o and_o loose_v do_v they_o necessitate_v i_o to_o condemn_v and_o necessitate_v he_o to_o maintain_v what_o be_v it_o then_o the_o difference_n must_v be_v in_o ourselves_o either_o in_o our_o intellectual_n because_o the_o one_o see_v clear_a than_o the_o other_o or_o in_o our_o affection_n which_o betray_v our_o unsterstanding_n and_o produce_v a_o implicit_a adhaerence_n in_o the_o one_o more_o than_o in_o the_o other_o howsoever_o it_o be_v the_o difference_n be_v in_o ourselves_o the_o outward_a cause_n alone_o do_v not_o chain_v i_o to_o the_o one_o resolution_n nor_o he_o to_o the_o other_o resolution_n but_o t._n h._n may_v say_v that_o our_o several_a and_o respective_a deliberation_n and_o affection_n be_v in_o part_n the_o cause_n of_o our_o contrary_a resolution_n and_o do_v concur_v with_o the_o outward_a cause_n to_o make_v up_o one_o total_a and_o adequate_a cause_n to_o the_o necessary_a production_n of_o this_o effect_n if_o it_o be_v so_o he_o have_v spin_v a_o fair_a thread_n to_o make_v all_o this_o stir_n for_o such_o a_o necessity_n as_o no_o man_n ever_o deny_v or_o doubt_v of_o when_o all_o the_o cause_n have_v actual_o determine_v themselves_o than_o the_o effect_n be_v in_o be_v for_o though_o there_o be_v a_o priority_n in_o nature_n between_o the_o cause_n and_o the_o effect_n yet_o they_o be_v together_o in_o time_n and_o the_o old_a rule_n be_v e_o whatsoever_o be_v when_o it_o be_v be_v necessary_o so_o as_o it_o be_v this_o be_v no_o absolute_a necessity_n but_o only_o upon_o supposition_n that_o a_o man_n have_v determine_v his_o own_o liberty_n when_o we_o question_v whether_o all_o occurrence_n be_v necessary_a we_o do_v not_o question_v whether_o they_o be_v necessary_a when_o they_o be_v nor_o whether_o they_o be_v necessary_a in_o sensu_fw-la composito_fw-la after_o we_o have_v resolve_v and_o final_o determine_v what_o to_o do_v but_o whether_o they_o be_v necessary_a before_o they_o be_v determine_v by_o ourselves_o by_o or_o in_o the_o praecedent_a cause_n before_o ourselves_o or_o in_o the_o exterior_a cause_n without_o ourselves_o it_o be_v not_o inconsistent_a with_o true_a liberty_n to_o determine_v itself_o but_o it_o be_v inconsistent_a with_o true_a liberty_n to_o be_v determine_v by_o another_o without_o itself_o t._n h._n say_v further_o that_o upon_o your_o lordship_n desire_n and_o i_o he_o be_v content_v to_o begin_v with_o this_o discourse_n of_o liberty_n and_o necessity_n that_o be_v to_o change_v his_o former_a resolution_n f_z if_o the_o chain_n of_o necessity_n be_v no_o strong_a but_o that_o it_o may_v be_v snap_v so_o easy_o in_o sunder_o if_o his_o will_n be_v not_o otherwise_o determine_v without_o himself_o but_o only_o by_o the_o signification_n of_o your_o lordship_n desire_n and_o my_o modest_a entreaty_n than_o we_o may_v easy_o conclude_v that_o humane_a affair_n be_v not_o always_o govern_v by_o absolute_a necessity_n that_o a_o man_n be_v lord_n of_o his_o own_o action_n if_o not_o in_o chief_a yet_o in_o mean_a subordinate_a to_o the_o lord_n paramount_n of_o heaven_n and_o earth_n and_o that_o all_o thing_n be_v not_o so_o absolute_o determine_v in_o the_o outward_a and_o precedent_a cause_n but_o that_o fair_a entreaty_n and_o moral_a persuasion_n may_v work_v upon_o a_o good_a nature_n so_o far_o as_o to_o prevent_v that_o which_o otherwise_o have_v be_v and_o to_o produce_v that_o which_o otherwise_o have_v not_o be_v he_o that_o can_v reconcile_v this_o with_o a_o antecedent_n necessity_n of_o all_o thing_n and_o a_o physical_a or_o natural_a determination_n of_o all_o cause_n shall_v be_v great_a apollo_n to_o i_o whereas_o t._n h._n say_v that_o he_o have_v never_o utter_v his_o opinion_n of_o this_o question_n i_o suppose_v he_o intend_v in_o writing_n my_o conversation_n with_o he_o have_v not_o be_v frequent_a yet_o i_o remember_v well_o that_o when_o this_o question_n be_v agitate_a between_o we_o two_o in_o your_o lordship_n chamber_n by_o your_o command_n he_o do_v then_o declare_v himself_o in_o word_n
both_o for_o the_o absolute_a necessity_n of_o all_o event_n and_o for_o the_o ground_n of_o this_o necessity_n the_o flux_n or_o concatenation_n of_o the_o second_o cause_n animadversion_n upon_o the_o bishop_n reply_v number_n i._n a_o the_o first_o day_n that_o i_o do_v read_v over_o t._n h._n his_o defence_n of_o necessity_n etc._n etc._n his_o defer_v the_o read_n of_o my_o defence_n of_o necessity_n he_o will_v not_o he_o say_v shall_v be_v interpret_v for_o disrespect_n it_o be_v well_o though_o i_o can_v imagine_v why_o he_o shall_v fear_v to_o be_v think_v to_o disrespect_n i_o he_o be_v divert_v he_o say_v by_o trifle_n call_v business_n it_o seem_v than_o he_o acknowledge_v that_o the_o will_n can_v be_v divert_v by_o business_n which_o though_o say_v on_o the_o by_o be_v contrary_a i_o think_v to_o the_o main_n that_o the_o will_n be_v free_a for_o free_a it_o be_v not_o if_o any_o thing_n but_o itself_o caâ—_n divert_v it_o b_o the_o very_a first_o word_n of_o t._n h._n his_o defence_n trip_v up_o the_o heel_n of_o his_o whole_a cause_n etc._n etc._n how_o so_o i_o have_v once_o say_v he_o resolve_v to_o resolve_v praesuppose_v deliberation_n but_o what_o deliberation_n can_v there_o be_v of_o that_o which_o be_v inevitable_o determine_v without_o ourselves_o there_o be_v no_o man_n doubt_v but_o a_o man_n may_v deliberate_v of_o what_o himself_o shall_v do_v whether_o the_o thing_n be_v impossible_a or_o not_o in_o case_n he_o know_v not_o of_o the_o impossibility_n though_o he_o can_v deliberate_v of_o what_o another_o shall_v do_v to_o he_o therefore_o his_o example_n of_o the_o man_n condemn_v of_o the_o man_n that_o breathe_v and_o of_o he_o that_o grow_v because_o the_o question_n be_v not_o what_o they_o shall_v do_v but_o what_o they_o shall_v suffer_v be_v impertinent_a this_o be_v so_o evident_a that_o i_o wonder_v how_o he_o that_o be_v before_o so_o witty_a as_o to_o say_v my_o first_o word_n trip_v up_o the_o â—eâ—les_n of_o my_o cause_n and_o that_o have_v line_n enough_o i_o will_v confute_v myself_o can_v present_o be_v so_o dull_a as_o not_o to_o see_v his_o argument_n be_v too_o weak_a to_o support_v so_o triumphant_a a_o language_n and_o whereas_o he_o seem_v to_o be_v off_o end_v with_o paradox_n let_v he_o thank_v the_o schoolman_n who_o senseless_a writing_n have_v make_v the_o great_a number_n of_o important_a truth_n seeâ—_n paradox_n c_o this_o argument_n that_o follow_v be_v no_o better_o to_o resolve_v say_v he_o imply_v a_o man_n dominion_n over_o his_o action_n and_o his_o actual_a determination_n of_o himself_o etc._n etc._n if_o he_o understand_v what_o it_o be_v to_o resolve_v he_o know_v that_o it_o signify_v no_o more_o than_o after_o deliberation_n to_o will._n he_o think_v therefore_o to_o will_n be_v to_o have_v dominion_n over_o his_o own_o action_n and_o actual_o to_o determine_v his_o own_o will._n but_o no_o man_n can_v determine_v his_o own_o will_n for_o the_o will_n be_v appetite_n nor_o can_v a_o man_n more_o determine_v his_o will_n than_o any_o other_o appetite_n that_o be_v more_o than_o he_o can_v determine_v when_o he_o shall_v be_v hungry_a and_o when_o not_o when_o a_o man_n be_v hungry_a it_o be_v in_o his_o choice_n to_o eat_v or_o not_o eat_v this_o be_v the_o liberty_n of_o the_o man_n but_o to_o be_v hungry_a or_o not_o hungry_a which_o be_v that_o which_o i_o hold_v to_o proceed_v from_o necessity_n be_v not_o in_o his_o choice_n beside_o these_o word_n dominion_n over_o his_o own_o action_n and_o determination_n of_o himself_o so_o far_o as_o they_o be_v significant_a make_v against_o he_o for_o over_o whatsoever_o thing_n there_o be_v dominion_n those_o thing_n be_v not_o free_a and_o therefore_o a_o man_n action_n be_v not_o free_a and_o if_o a_o man_n determine_v himself_o the_o question_n will_v still_o remain_v what_o determine_v he_o to_o determine_v himself_o in_o that_o manner_n d_o i_o have_v peruse_v this_o treatise_n weigh_v t._n h._n his_o answer_n consider_v his_o reason_n etc._n etc._n this_o and_o that_o whicâ—_n follow_v be_v talk_v to_o himself_o at_o random_n till_o he_o come_v to_o allege_v that_o which_o he_o call_v a_o old_a rule_n which_o be_v this_o e_o whatsoever_o be_v when_o it_o be_v be_v necessary_o so_o as_o it_o be_v this_o be_v no_o absolute_a necessity_n but_o only_o upon_o supposition_n that_o a_o man_n have_v determine_v his_o own_o liberty_n etc._n etc._n if_o the_o bishop_n think_v that_o i_o hold_v no_o other_o necessity_n than_o that_o which_o be_v express_v in_o that_o old_a foolish_a rule_n he_o neither_o understand_v i_o nor_o what_o the_o word_n necessary_a signify_v necessary_a be_v that_o which_o be_v impossible_a to_o be_v otherwise_o or_o that_o which_o can_v possible_o otherwise_o come_v to_o pass_v therefore_o necessary_a possible_a and_o impossible_a have_v no_o signification_n in_o reference_n to_o time_n past_a or_o time_n present_a but_o only_a time_n to_o come_v his_o necessary_a and_o his_o in_o sensu_fw-la composito_fw-la signify_v nothing_o my_o necessary_a be_v a_o necessary_a from_o all_o eternity_n and_o yet_o not_o inconsistent_a with_o true_a liberty_n which_o do_v not_o consist_v in_o determine_v itself_o but_o in_o do_v what_o the_o will_n be_v determine_v unto_o this_o dominion_n over_o itself_o and_o this_o sensus_fw-la compositus_fw-la and_o this_o determine_v itself_o and_o this_o necessary_o be_v when_o it_o be_v be_v confuse_v and_o empty_a word_n f_z if_o the_o chain_n of_o necessity_n be_v no_o strong_a but_o that_o it_o may_v be_v snap_v so_o easy_o in_o sunder_o etc._n etc._n by_o the_o signification_n of_o your_o lordship_n desire_n and_o my_o modest_a entreaty_n than_o we_o may_v safe_o conclude_v that_o humane_a affair_n etc._n etc._n whether_o my_o lord_n desire_v and_o the_o bishop_n modest_a entreaty_n be_v enough_o to_o produce_v a_o will_n in_o i_o to_o write_v a_o answer_n to_o his_o treatise_n without_o other_o concurrent_a cause_n i_o be_o not_o sure_a obedience_n to_o his_o lordship_n do_v much_o &_o my_o civility_n to_o the_o bishop_n do_v somewhat_o &_o perhaps_o there_o be_v other_o imagination_n of_o my_o own_o that_o contribute_v their_o part_n but_o this_o i_o be_o sure_a of_o that_o altogether_o they_o be_v sufficient_a to_o frame_v my_o will_n thereto_o and_o whatsoever_o be_v sufficient_a to_o produce_v any_o thing_n produce_v it_o as_o necessary_o as_o the_o fire_n necessary_o burn_v the_o fuel_n that_o be_v cast_v into_o it_o and_o though_o the_o bishop_n modest_a entreaty_n have_v be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o cause_n of_o my_o yield_n to_o it_o yet_o certain_o it_o will_v have_v be_v cause_n enough_o to_o some_o civil_a man_n to_o have_v requite_v i_o with_o fair_a language_n than_o he_o have_v do_v throughout_o this_o reply_n t._n h._n and_o first_o i_o assure_v your_o lordship_n i_o find_v in_o it_o no_o new_a argument_n â—_o numb_a â—_o neither_o from_o scripture_n nor_o from_o reason_n that_o i_o have_v not_o often_o hear_v before_o which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v that_o i_o be_o not_o supprise_v j._n d._n a_o though_o i_o be_v so_o unhappy_a that_o i_o can_v present_v no_o novelty_n to_o t._n h._n yet_o i_o have_v this_o comfort_n that_o if_o he_o be_v not_o supprise_v then_o in_o reason_n i_o may_v expect_v a_o more_o mature_a answer_n from_o he_o and_o where_o he_o fail_v i_o may_v ascribe_v it_o to_o the_o weakness_n of_o his_o cause_n not_o to_o want_v of_o preparation_n but_o in_o this_o case_n i_o like_v epictetus_n his_o council_n well_o that_o b_o the_o sheep_n shall_v not_o brag_v how_o much_o they_o have_v eat_v or_o what_o a_o excellent_a pasture_n they_o do_v go_v in_o but_o show_v it_o in_o their_o lamb_n and_o wool_n opposite_a answer_n and_o downright_a argument_n advantage_v a_o cause_n to_o tell_v what_o we_o have_v hear_v or_o see_v be_v to_o no_o purpose_n when_o a_o respondent_fw-la leave_v many_o thing_n untouched_a as_o if_o they_o be_v too_o hot_a for_o his_o finger_n and_o decline_v the_o weight_n of_o other_o thing_n and_o alter_v the_o true_a state_n of_o the_o question_n it_o be_v a_o shrewd_a sign_n either_o that_o he_o have_v not_o weigh_v all_o thing_n mature_o or_o else_o that_o he_o maintain_v a_o desperate_a cause_n animadversion_n upon_o his_o reply_n numb_a two_o a_o though_o i_o be_v so_o unhappy_a that_o i_o can_v present_v no_o novelty_n to_o t._n h._n yet_o i_o have_v this_o comfort_n that_o if_o he_o be_v not_o supprise_v then_o in_o reason_n i_o may_v expect_v a_o more_o mature_a answer_n from_o he_o etc._n etc._n though_o i_o be_v not_o supprise_v yet_o i_o do_v not_o see_v the_o reason_n for_o which_o he_o say_v he_o may_v expect_v a_o more_o mature_a answer_n from_o i_o or_o any_o further_a answer_n
man_n that_o shall_v command_v a_o thing_n open_o and_o plot_n secret_o the_o hindrance_n of_o the_o same_o if_o he_o punish_v he_o who_o he_o command_v so_o for_o not_o do_v it_o be_v unjust_a b_o i_o dare_v not_o insist_v upon_o it_o i_o hope_v his_o meaning_n be_v not_o so_o bad_a as_o the_o word_n intimate_v and_o as_o i_o apprehend_v that_o be_v to_o impute_v falsehood_n to_o he_o that_o be_v truth_n itself_o and_o to_o justify_v fein_v and_o dissimulation_n in_o god_n as_o he_o do_v tyranny_n by_o the_o infiniteness_n of_o his_o power_n and_o the_o absoluteness_n of_o his_o dominion_n and_o therefore_o by_o his_o leave_n i_o must_v once_o again_o tender_v he_o a_o new_a summons_n for_o a_o full_a and_o clear_a answer_n to_o this_o argument_n also_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o he_o be_v not_o supprise_v whether_o he_o be_v or_o not_o be_v more_o than_o i_o know_v but_o this_o i_o see_v plain_o that_o either_o he_o be_v not_o provide_v or_o that_o his_o cause_n admit_v no_o choice_n of_o answer_n the_o jew_n deal_v ingenous_o when_o they_o meet_v with_o a_o difficult_a knot_n which_o they_o can_v not_o untie_v to_o put_v it_o upon_o elias_n elias_n will_v answer_v it_o when_o he_o come_v animadversion_n upon_o the_o bishop_n reply_v numb_a x._o the_o bishop_n argue_v thus_o three_o if_o there_o be_v no_o true_a liberty_n but_o all_o thing_n come_v to_o pass_v by_o inevitable_a necessity_n then_o what_o be_v as_o those_o interrogation_n we_o find_v so_o frequent_o in_o holy_a scripture_n be_v it_o speak_v with_o all_o due_a respect_n but_o feign_v and_o hypocritical_a exaggeration_n here_o put_v together_o two_o repugnant_a supposition_n either_o crafty_o or_o be_v it_o speak_v with_o all_o due_a respect_n ignorant_o he_o will_v have_v man_n believe_v that_o i_o because_o i_o hold_v necessity_n i_o deny_v liberty_n i_o hold_v as_o much_o that_o there_o be_v true_a liberty_n as_o he_o do_v and_o more_o for_o i_o hold_v it_o as_o from_o necessity_n and_o that_o there_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v liberty_n but_o he_o hold_v it_o not_o from_o necessity_n and_o so_o make_v it_o possible_a there_o may_v be_v none_o his_o expostulation_n be_v first_o have_v thou_o eat_v of_o the_o tree_n whereof_o i_o command_v thou_o that_o thou_o shall_v not_o eat_v second_o why_o have_v thou_o do_v this_o three_o why_o be_v thou_o wroth_a and_o why_o be_v thy_o countenance_n east_n down_o four_o why_o will_v you_o die_v o_o house_n of_o israel_n these_o argument_n require_v the_o same_o answer_n which_o some_o other_o do_v i_o think_v fit_a to_o remit_v they_o to_o their_o fellow_n but_o the_o bishop_n will_v not_o allow_v i_o that_o for_o he_o say_v a_o certain_o say_v he_o distinct_a argument_n as_o the_o three_o and_o five_o be_v etc._n etc._n do_v require_v distinct_a answer_n i_o be_o therefore_o to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a objnrgation_n and_o expostulation_n not_o of_o the_o end_n for_o which_o god_n say_v have_v thou_o eat_v of_o the_o tree_n etc._n etc._n but_o how_o those_o word_n may_v be_v take_v without_o repugnance_n to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o necessity_n these_o word_n have_v thou_o eat_v of_o the_o tree_n whereof_o i_o command_v that_o thou_o shall_v not_o eat_v convince_v adam_n that_o notwithstanding_o god_n have_v place_v in_o the_o garden_n a_o mean_n to_o keep_v he_o perpetual_o from_o die_v in_o case_n he_o shall_v accommodate_v his_o will_n to_o obedience_n of_o god_n commandment_n concern_v the_o tree_n of_o knowledge_n of_o good_a and_o evil_n yet_o adam_n be_v not_o so_o much_o master_n of_o his_o own_o will_n as_o to_o do_v it_o whereby_o be_v signify_v that_o a_o mortal_a man_n though_o invite_v by_o the_o promise_n of_o immortality_n can_v govern_v his_o own_o will_n though_o his_o will_v govern_v his_o action_n which_o dependence_n of_o the_o action_n on_o the_o will_n be_v that_o which_o proper_o and_o true_o be_v call_v liberty_n and_o the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v of_o the_o word_n to_o eve_n why_o have_v thou_o do_v this_o and_o of_o those_o to_o cain_n why_o be_v thou_o wroth_a etc._n etc._n and_o to_o israel_n why_o will_v you_o die_v o_o house_n of_o israel_n but_o the_o bishop_n here_o will_v say_v die_v signify_v not_o die_v but_o live_v eternal_o in_o torment_n for_o by_o such_o interpretation_n any_o man_n may_v answer_v any_o thing_n and_o whereas_o he_o ask_v do_v god_n reprehend_v he_o for_o do_v that_o which_o he_o have_v antecedent_o determine_v he_o that_o he_o must_v do_v i_o answer_v no_o but_o he_o convince_v and_o instruct_v he_o that_o though_o immortality_n be_v so_o easy_a to_o obtain_v as_o it_o may_v be_v have_v for_o the_o abstinence_n from_o the_o fruit_n of_o one_o only_a tree_n yet_o he_o can_v not_o obtain_v it_o but_o by_o pardon_n and_o by_o the_o sacrifice_n of_o jesus_n christ_n nor_o be_v there_o here_o any_o punishment_n but_o only_o a_o reduce_n of_o adam_n and_o eve_n to_o their_o original_a mortality_n where_o death_n be_v no_o punishment_n but_o a_o gift_n of_o god_n in_o which_o mortality_n he_o live_v near_o a_o thousand_o year_n and_o have_v a_o numerous_a issue_n and_o live_v without_o misery_n and_o i_o believe_v shall_v at_o the_o resurrection_n obtain_v the_o immortality_n which_o then_o he_o lose_v nor_o in_o all_o this_o be_v there_o any_o plot_v secret_o or_o any_o mockery_n or_o derision_n which_o the_o bishop_n will_v make_v man_n believe_v there_o be_v and_o whereas_o he_o say_v that_o they_o who_o talk_v here_o of_o a_o twofold_a will_n of_o god_n secret_a and_o reveal_v and_o the_o one_o opposite_a to_o the_o other_o understand_v not_o what_o they_o say_v the_o protestant_a docttor_n both_o of_o our_o and_o other_o church_n do_v use_v to_o distinguish_v between_o the_o secret_a and_o reveal_v will_n of_o god_n the_o former_a they_o call_v voluntas_fw-la bene_fw-la placiti_fw-la which_o signify_v absolute_o his_o will_n the_o other_o voluntas_fw-la signi_fw-la that_o be_v the_o signification_n of_o his_o will_n in_o the_o same_o sense_n that_o i_o call_v the_o one_o his_o will_n the_o other_o his_o commandment_n which_o may_v sometime_o differ_v for_o god_n commandment_n to_o abraham_n be_v that_o he_o shall_v sacrifice_n isaac_n but_o his_o will_n be_v that_o he_o shall_v not_o do_v it_o god_n denunciation_n to_o ninive_n be_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v destroy_v within_o forty_o day_n but_o his_o will_n be_v that_o it_o shall_v not_o b_o i_o dare_v not_o insist_v upon_o it_o i_o hope_v his_o meaning_n be_v not_o so_o bad_a as_o the_o word_n intimate_v and_o as_o i_o apprehend_v that_o be_v to_o impute_v falsehood_n to_o he_o that_o be_v truth_n itself_o etc._n etc._n what_o damn_a rhetoric_n and_o subtle_a calumny_n be_v this_o god_n i_o say_v may_v command_v a_o thing_n open_o and_o yet_o hinder_v the_o do_v of_o it_o without_o injustice_n but_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v command_v a_o thing_n to_o be_v do_v and_o then_o plot_n secret_o the_o hindrance_n of_o the_o same_o and_o punish_v for_o the_o not_o do_v of_o it_o it_o be_v injustice_n this_o be_v it_o which_o the_o bishop_n apprehend_v as_o a_o imputation_n of_o falsehood_n to_o god_n almighty_a and_o perhaps_o if_o the_o death_n of_o a_o sinner_n be_v as_o he_o think_v a_o eternal_a life_n in_o extreme_a misery_n a_o man_n may_v as_o far_o as_o job_n have_v do_v expostulate_v with_o god_n almighty_a not_o accuse_v he_o of_o injustice_n because_o whatsoever_o he_o do_v be_v therefore_o just_a because_o do_v by_o he_o but_o of_o little_a tenderness_n and_o love_n to_o mankind_n and_o this_o expostulation_n will_v be_v equal_o just_a or_o injust_a whether_o the_o necessity_n of_o all_o thing_n be_v grant_v or_o deny_v for_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o god_n can_v have_v make_v man_n impeccable_a and_o can_v now_o preserve_v he_o from_o sin_n or_o forgive_v he_o if_o he_o please_v and_o therefore_o if_o he_o please_v not_o the_o expostulation_n be_v as_o reasonable_a in_o the_o case_n of_o liberty_n as_o of_o necessity_n j._n d._n fourthly_o if_o either_o the_o deeree_a of_o god_n or_o the_o foreknowledge_n 4._o numb_a 11._o arg._n 4._o of_o god_n or_o the_o influence_n of_o the_o star_n or_o the_o concatenation_n of_o cause_n or_o the_o physical_a or_o moral_a efficacy_n of_o object_n or_o the_o last_o dictate_v of_o the_o understanding_n do_v take_v away_o true_a liberty_n than_o adam_n before_o his_o fall_n have_v no_o true_a liberty_n for_o he_o be_v subject_v to_o the_o same_o decree_n the_o same_o prescience_n the_o same_o constellation_n the_o same_o cause_n the_o same_o object_n the_o same_o dictate_v of_o the_o understanding_n but_o quicquid_fw-la ostendes_fw-la mihi_fw-la sic_fw-la incredulous_a odâ—_n the_o great_a opposer_n of_o our_o liberty_n be_v as_o
earnest_a maintainer_n of_o the_o liberty_n of_o adam_n therefore_o none_o of_o these_o suppose_a impediment_n take_v away_o true_a liberty_n t._n h._n the_o four_o argument_n be_v to_o this_o effect_n if_o the_o decree_n of_o god_n or_o his_o foreknowledge_n or_o the_o influence_n of_o the_o star_n or_o the_o concatenation_n of_o cause_n or_o the_o physical_a or_o moral_a efficacy_n of_o cause_n or_o the_o last_o dictate_v of_o the_o understanding_n or_o whatsoever_o it_o be_v do_v take_v away_o true_a liberty_n than_o adam_n before_o his_o fall_n have_v no_o true_a liberty_n quicquid_fw-la ostendes_fw-la mihi_fw-la sic_fw-la incredulous_fw-la odi_fw-la that_o which_o i_o say_v necessitate_v and_o determine_v every_o action_n that_o he_o may_v no_o long_o doubt_v of_o my_o meaning_n be_v the_o sum_n of_o all_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v now_o existent_a conduce_v and_o concur_v to_o the_o production_n of_o that_o action_n hereafter_o whereof_o if_o any_o one_o thing_n now_o â—ere_z want_v the_o effect_n can_v not_o be_v produce_v this_o concourse_n of_o cause_n whereof_o every_o one_o be_v determine_v to_o be_v such_o as_o it_o be_v by_o a_o like_a concourse_n of_o former_a cause_n may_v well_o be_v call_v in_o respect_n they_o be_v all_o set_n and_o order_v by_o the_o eternal_a cause_n of_o all_o thing_n god_n almighty_a the_o decree_n of_o god_n but_o that_o the_o foreknowledge_n of_o god_n shall_v be_v a_o cause_n of_o any_o thing_n can_v be_v true_o say_v see_v foreknowledge_n be_v knowledge_n and_o knowledge_n depend_v on_o the_o existence_n of_o the_o thing_n know_v and_o not_o they_o on_o it_o the_o influence_n of_o the_o star_n be_v but_o a_o small_a part_n of_o the_o whole_a cause_n consist_v of_o the_o concourse_n of_o all_o agent_n nor._n do_v the_o concourse_n of_o all_o cause_n make_v one_o simple_a chain_n or_o concatenation_n but_o a_o innumerable_a number_n of_o chain_n join_v together_o not_o in_o all_o part_n but_o in_o the_o first_o link_n god_n almighty_a and_o consequent_o the_o whole_a cause_n of_o a_o event_n do_v not_o always_o depend_v upon_o one_o single_a chain_n but_o on_o many_o together_o natural_a efficacy_n of_o object_n do_v determine_v voluntary_a agent_n and_o necessitate_v the_o will_n and_o consequent_o the_o action_n but_o for_o moral_a efficacy_n i_o understand_v not_o what_o he_o mean_v by_o it_o the_o last_o dictate_v of_o the_o judgement_n concern_v the_o good_a or_o bad_a that_o may_v follow_v on_o any_o action_n be_v not_o proper_o the_o whole_a cause_n but_o the_o last_o part_n of_o it_o and_o yet_o may_v be_v say_v to_o produce_v the_o effect_n necessary_o in_o such_o manner_n as_o the_o last_o feather_n may_v be_v say_v to_o break_v a_o horse_n back_o when_o there_o be_v so_o many_o lay_v on_o before_o as_o there_o want_v but_o that_o to_o do_v it_o now_o for_o his_o argument_n that_o if_o the_o concourse_n of_o all_o the_o cause_n necessitate_v the_o effect_n that_o then_o it_o follow_v adam_n have_v no_o true_a liberty_n i_o deny_v the_o consequence_n for_o i_o make_v not_o only_o the_o effect_n but_o also_o the_o election_n of_o that_o particular_a effect_n to_o be_v necessary_a in_o as_o much_o as_o the_o will_n itself_o and_o each_o propension_n of_o a_o man_n during_o his_o deliberation_n be_v as_o much_o necessitate_v and_o depend_v on_o a_o sufficient_a cause_n as_o any_o thing_n else_o whatsoever_o as_o for_o example_n it_o be_v no_o more_o necessary_a that_o fire_n shall_v burn_v then_o that_o a_o man_n or_o other_o creature_n who_o limb_n be_v move_v by_o fancy_n shall_v have_v election_n that_o be_v liberty_n to_o do_v what_o he_o have_v a_o fancy_n to_o though_o it_o be_v not_o in_o his_o will_n or_o power_n to_o choose_v his_o fancy_n or_o choose_v his_o election_n or_o will_n this_o doctrine_n because_o he_o say_v he_o hate_v i_o doubt_v have_v better_o be_v suppress_v as_o it_o shall_v have_v be_v if_o both_o your_o lordship_n and_o he_o have_v not_o press_v i_o to_o a_o answer_n j._n d._n a_o this_o argument_n be_v send_v forth_o only_o as_o a_o espy_v to_o make_v a_o more_o full_a discovery_n what_o be_v the_o true_a ground_n of_o t._n h._n his_o suppose_a necessity_n which_o errand_n be_v do_v and_o the_o foundation_n whereupon_o he_o bnild_v be_v find_v out_o which_o be_v as_o i_o call_v it_o a_o concatenation_n of_o cause_n and_o as_o he_o call_v it_o a_o concourse_n of_o necessary_a cause_n it_o will_v now_o be_v a_o superfluous_a and_o impertineut_n work_v in_o i_o to_o undertake_v the_o refutation_n of_o all_o those_o other_o opinion_n which_o he_o do_v not_o undertake_v to_o defend_v and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v wave_v they_o at_o the_o present_a with_o these_o short_a animadversion_n b_o concern_v the_o eternal_a decree_n of_o god_n he_o confound_v the_o decree_n itself_o with_o the_o execution_n of_o his_o decree_n and_o concern_v the_o foreknowledge_n of_o god_n he_o confound_v that_o speculative_a knowledge_n which_o be_v call_v the_o knowbedge_n of_o vision_n which_o do_v not_o produce_v the_o intellective_a object_n no_o more_o than_o the_o sensitive_a vision_n do_v produce_v the_o sensible_a object_n with_o that_o other_o knowledge_n of_o god_n which_o be_v call_v the_o knowledge_n of_o approbation_n or_o a_o practical_a knowledge_n that_o be_v knowledge_n join_v with_o a_o act_n of_o the_o will_n of_o which_o divine_n do_v true_o say_v that_o it_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o thing_n as_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o artist_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o his_o work_n god_n make_v all_o thing_n by_o his_o word_n john_n 1._o that_o be_v by_o his_o wisdom_n concern_v the_o influence_n of_o the_o star_n i_o wish_v he_o have_v express_v himself_o more_o clear_o for_o as_o i_o do_v willing_o grant_v that_o those_o heavenly_a body_n do_v act_n upon_o these_o sublunary_a thing_n not_o only_o by_o their_o motion_n and_o light_n but_o also_o by_o a_o occuit_fw-la virtue_n which_o we_o call_v influence_n as_o we_o see_v by_o manifold_a experience_n in_o the_o loadstone_n and_o shellfish_n etc._n etc._n so_o if_o he_o intend_v that_o by_o these_o influence_n they_o do_v natural_o or_o physical_o determine_v the_o will_n or_o have_v any_o direct_a dominion_n over_o humane_a counsel_n either_o in_o whole_a or_o in_o part_n either_o more_o or_o less_o he_o be_v in_o a_o error_n concern_v the_o concatenation_n of_o cause_n where_o as_o he_o make_v not_o one_o chain_n but_o a_o innumerable_a number_n of_o chain_n i_o hope_v he_o speak_v hyperbolical_o and_o do_v not_o intend_v that_o they_o be_v actual_o infinite_a the_o difference_n be_v not_o material_a whether_o one_o or_o many_o so_o long_o as_o they_o be_v all_o join_v together_o both_o in_o the_o first_o link_n and_o likewise_o in_o the_o effect_n it_o serve_v to_o no_o end_n but_o to_o show_v what_o a_o shadow_n of_o liberty_n t._n h._n do_v fancy_n or_o rather_o what_o a_o dream_n of_o a_o shadow_n as_o if_o one_o chain_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o load_v poor_a man_n but_o he_o must_v be_v clog_v with_o iunumerable_a chain_n this_o be_v just_a such_o another_o freedom_n as_o the_o turkish_a gallislave_n do_v enjoy_v but_o i_o admire_v that_o t._n h._n who_o be_v so_o verse_v in_o this_o question_n shall_v here_o confess_v that_o he_o understand_v not_o the_o difference_n between_o physical_a or_o natural_a and_o moral_a efficacy_n and_o much_o more_o that_o he_o shall_v affirm_v that_o outward_a object_n do_v determine_v voluntary_a agent_n by_o a_o natural_a efficacy_n no_o object_n no_o second_o agent_n angel_n or_o devil_n can_v determine_v the_o will_n of_o man_n natural_o but_o god_n alone_o in_o respect_n of_o his_o supreme_a dominion_n over_o all_o thing_n then_o the_o will_n be_v determine_v natural_o when_o god_n almighty_a beside_o his_o general_a influence_n where_o upon_o all_o second_o cause_n do_v depend_v as_o well_o for_o their_o be_v as_o for_o their_o act_n do_v moreover_o at_o some_o time_n when_o it_o please_v he_o in_o case_n extraordinary_a concur_v by_o a_o special_a influence_n and_o infuse_v something_o into_o the_o will_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o act_n or_o a_o habit_n whereby_o the_o will_n be_v move_v and_o excite_v and_o apply_v to_o will_n or_o choose_v this_o or_o that_o then_o the_o will_n be_v determine_v moral_o when_o some_o object_n be_v propose_v to_o it_o with_o persuasive_a reason_n and_o argument_n to_o induce_v it_o to_o will_n where_o the_o determination_n be_v natural_a the_o liberty_n to_o suspend_v its_o act_n be_v take_v away_o from_o the_o will_n but_o not_o so_o where_o the_o determination_n be_v moral_a in_o the_o former_a case_n the_o will_n be_v determine_v extrinsecal_o in_o the_o late_a case_n intrinsical_o the_o former_a produce_v a_o absolute_a necessity_n the_o late_a only_o a_o necessity_n of_o supposition_n
if_o the_o will_v do_v not_o suspend_v but_o assent_n than_o the_o act_n be_v necessary_a but_o because_o the_o will_n may_v suspend_v and_o not_o assent_v therefore_o it_o be_v not_o absolute_o necessary_a in_o the_o former_a case_n the_o will_n be_v move_v necessary_o and_o determinate_o in_o the_o late_a free_o and_o indeterminate_o the_o former_a excitation_n be_v immediate_a the_o late_a be_v mediaté_fw-fr mediante_fw-la intellectu_fw-la and_o require_v the_o help_n of_o the_o understanding_n in_o a_o word_n so_o great_a a_o difference_n there_o be_v between_o natural_a and_o moral_a efficacy_n as_o there_o be_v between_o his_o opinion_n and_o i_o in_o this_o question_n there_o remain_v only_o the_o last_o dictate_v of_o the_o understanding_n which_o he_o make_v to_o be_v the_o last_o cause_n that_o concur_v to_o the_o determination_n of_o the_o will_n and_o to_o the_o necessary_a production_n of_o the_o act_n as_o the_o last_o feather_n may_v be_v say_v to_o break_v a_o horse_n back_o when_o there_o be_v somany_a lay_v on_o before_o that_o there_o want_v but_o that_o to_o do_v it_o i_o have_v show_v numb_a 7._o that_o the_o last_o dictate_v of_o the_o understanding_n be_v not_o always_o absolute_a in_o itself_o nor_o conclusive_a to_o the_o will_n and_o when_o it_o be_v conclusive_a yet_o it_o produce_v no_o antecedent_n nor_o extrinsical_a necessity_n i_o shall_v only_o add_v one_o thing_n more_o in_o present_a that_o by_o make_v the_o last_o judgement_n of_o right_a reason_n to_o be_v of_o no_o more_o weight_n than_o a_o single_a feather_n he_o wrong_v the_o understanding_n as_o well_o as_o he_o do_v the_o will_n and_o endeavonr_n to_o deprive_v the_o will_n of_o its_o supreme_a power_n of_o application_n and_o to_o deprive_v the_o understanding_n of_o its_o supreme_a power_n of_o judicature_n and_o definition_n neither_o corporeal_a agent_n and_o object_n nor_o yet_o the_o sensitive_a appetite_n itself_o be_v a_o inferior_a faculty_n and_o affix_v to_o the_o organ_n of_o the_o body_n have_v any_o direct_a or_o immediate_a dominion_n or_o command_n over_o the_o rational_a will._n it_o be_v without_o the_o sphere_n of_o their_o activity_n all_o the_o access_n which_o they_o have_v unto_o the_o will_n be_v by_o the_o mean_n of_o the_o understanding_n sometime_o clear_a and_o sometime_o disturb_v and_o of_o reason_n either_o right_a or_o misinform_v without_o the_o help_n of_o the_o understanding_n all_o his_o second_o cause_n be_v not_o able_a of_o themselves_o to_o load_v the_o horse_n back_o with_o so_o much_o weight_n as_o the_o least_o of_o all_o his_o feather_n do_v amount_v unto_o but_o we_o shall_v meet_v with_o his_o horse_n load_n of_o feather_n again_o numb_a 23._o these_o thing_n be_v thus_o brief_o touch_v he_o proceed_v to_o his_o answer_n my_o argument_n be_v this_o if_o any_o of_o these_o â—rall_n these_o cause_n former_o recite_v do_v take_v away_o true_a liberty_n that_o be_v still_o intend_v from_o necessity_n than_o adam_n before_o his_o fall_n have_v no_o true_a liberty_n but_o adam_n before_o his_o fall_n have_v true_a liberty_n he_o misrecites_a the_o argument_n and_o deny_v the_o consequence_n which_o be_v so_o clear_o prove_v that_o no_o man_n live_a can_v doubt_v of_o it_o because_o adam_n be_v subject_v to_o all_o the_o same_o cause_n as_o well_o as_o we_o the_o same_o decree_n the_o same_o prescience_n the_o same_o influence_n the_o same_o concourse_n of_o cause_n the_o same_o efficacy_n of_o object_n the_o same_o dictate_v of_o reason_n but_o it_o be_v only_o a_o mistake_n for_o it_o appear_v plain_o by_o his_o follow_a discourse_n that_o he_o intend_v to_o deny_v not_o the_o consequence_n but_o the_o assumption_n for_o he_o make_v adam_n to_o have_v have_v no_o liberty_n from_o necessity_n before_o his_o fall_n yea_o he_o proceed_v so_o far_o as_o to_o affirm_v that_o all_o humane_a will_n his_o and_o we_o and_o each_o propension_n of_o our_o will_n even_o during_o our_o deliberation_n be_v as_o much_o necessitate_v as_o any_o thing_n else_o whatsoever_o that_o we_o have_v no_o more_o power_n to_o forbear_v those_o action_n which_o we_o do_v than_o the_o fire_n have_v power_n not_o to_o burn_v though_o i_o honour_v t._n h._n for_o his_o person_n and_o for_o his_o learning_n yet_o i_o must_v confess_v ingenious_o i_o hate_v this_o doctrine_n from_o my_o heart_n and_o i_o believe_v both_o i_o have_v reason_n so_o to_o do_v and_o all_o other_o who_o shall_v serious_o ponder_v the_o horrid_a consequence_n which_o flow_v from_o it_o it_o destroy_v liberty_n &_o dishonour_v the_o nature_n of_o man._n it_o make_v the_o second_o cause_n &_o outward_a object_n to_o be_v the_o racket_n and_o man_n to_o be_v but_o the_o tennis-ball_n of_o destiny_n it_o make_v the_o first_o cause_n that_o be_v god_n almighty_n to_o be_v the_o introducer_n of_o all_o evil_a and_o sin_n into_o the_o world_n as_o much_o as_o man_n yea_o more_o than_o man_n by_o as_o much_o as_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o watch_n be_v more_o from_o the_o artificer_n who_o do_v make_v it_o and_o wind_n it_o up_o than_o either_o from_o the_o spring_n or_o the_o wheel_n or_o the_o thread_n if_o god_n by_o his_o special_a influence_n into_o the_o second_o cause_n do_v necessitate_v they_o to_o operate_v as_o they_o do_v and_o if_o they_o be_v thus_o determine_v do_v necessitate_v adam_n inevitable_o irresistable_o not_o by_o a_o accidental_a but_o by_o a_o essential_a subordination_n of_o cause_n to_o whatsoever_o he_o do_v then_o one_o of_o these_o two_o absurdity_n must_v needs_o follow_v either_o that_o adam_n do_v not_o sin_n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o sin_n in_o the_o world_n because_o it_o proceed_v natural_o necssary_o and_o essential_o from_o god_n or_o that_o god_n be_v more_o guilty_a of_o it_o and_o more_o the_o cause_n of_o evil_n than_o man_n because_o man_n be_v extrinsecal_o inevitable_o determine_v but_o so_o be_v not_o god_n and_o in_o cause_n essential_o subordinate_a the_o cause_n of_o the_o cause_n be_v always_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o effect_n what_o tyrant_n do_v ever_o impose_v law_n that_o be_v impossible_a for_o those_o to_o keep_v upon_o who_o they_o be_v impose_v and_o punish_v they_o for_o break_v those_o law_n which_o he_o himself_o have_v necessitate_v they_o to_o break_v which_o it_o be_v no_o more_o in_o their_o power_n not_o to_o break_v than_o it_o be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o fire_n not_o to_o burn_v excuse_v i_o if_o i_o hate_v this_o doctrine_n with_o a_o perfect_a hatred_n which_o be_v so_o dishonourable_a both_o to_o god_n and_o man_n which_o make_v man_n to_o blaspheme_v of_o necessity_n to_o steal_v of_o necessity_n to_o be_v hang_v of_o necessity_n and_o to_o be_v damn_v of_o necessity_n and_o therefore_o i_o must_v say_v and_o say_v again_o quicquid_fw-la ostendes_fw-la mihi_fw-la sic_fw-la incredulous_fw-la odi_fw-la it_o be_v better_a to_o be_v a_o atheist_n to_o believe_v no_o god_n or_o to_o be_v a_o 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firm_a it_o be_v say_v to_o she_o viz._n to_o rebeckah_n that_o the_o elder_a shall_v serve_v the_o young_a and_o what_o then_o shall_v we_o say_v be_v there_o injustice_n with_o god_n god_n forbid_v it_o be_v not-therefore_a in_o he_o that_o will_v nor_o in_o he_o that_o run_v but_o in_o god_n that_o show_v mercy_n for_o the_o scripture_n say_v to_o pharaoh_n i_o have_v stir_v thou_o up_o that_o i_o may_v show_v my_o power_n in_o thou_o and_o that_o my_o name_n may_v be_v set_v forth_o in_o all_o the_o earth_n therefore_o who_o god_n will_v he_o have_v mercy_n on_o and_o who_o he_o will_v he_o harden_v thus_o you_o see_v the_o case_n put_v by_o st._n paul_n be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o of_o j._n d._n and_o the_o same_o objection_n in_o these_o word_n follow_v thou_o will_v ask_v i_o thin_a why_o will_v god_n yet_o complain_v for_o who_o have_v resist_v his_o will_n to_o this_o therefore_o the_o apostle_n answer_v not_o by_o deny_v it_o be_v god_n will_v or_o that_o the_o decree_n of_o god_n concern_v esau_n be_v not_o before_o he_o have_v sin_v or_o that_o esau_n be_v not_o necessitate_v to_o do_v what_o he_o do_v but_o thus_o who_o be_v thou_o o_o man_n that_o interrogate_a god_n shall_v the_o work_n say_v to_o the_o workman_n why_o have_v thou_o make_v i_o thus_o have_v not_o the_o potter_n power_n over_o the_o clay_n of_o the_o same_o stuff_n to_o make_v one_o vessel_n to_o honour_n another_o to_o dishonour_v according_a therefore_o to_o this_o answer_n of_o st._n paul_n i_o answer_v j._n d_n objection_n and_o say_v the_o power_n of_o god_n alone_o without_o other_o help_n be_v sufficient_a justification_n of_o any_o action_n he_o do_v that_o which_o man_n make_v among_o themselves_o here_o by_o pact_n and_o covenant_n and_o call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o justice_n and_o according_a whereunto_o man_n be_v count_v and_o term_v right_o just_a and_o unjust_a be_v not_o that_o by_o which_o god_n almighty_n action_n be_v to_o be_v measure_v or_o call_v just_a no_o 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that_o the_o power_n of_o god_n may_v be_v show_v in_o he_o beast_n be_v subject_a to_o death_n and_o torment_n yet_o they_o can_v sin_v it_o be_v god_n will_v it_o shall_v be_v so_o power_n irresistible_a justifi_v all_o action_n real_o and_o proper_o in_o whosoever_o it_o be_v find_v less_o power_n do_v not_o and_o because_o such_o power_n be_v in_o god_n only_o he_o must_v needs_o be_v just_a in_o all_o his_o action_n and_o we_o that_o not_o comprehend_v his_o counsel_n call_v he_o to_o the_o bar_n commit_v injustice_n in_o it_o i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a of_o the_o usual_a reply_n to_o this_o answer_n by_o distinguish_v between_o will_n and_o permission_n as_o that_o god_n almighty_n do_v indeed_o permit_v sin_n sometime_o and_o that_o he_o also_o foreknow_v that_o the_o sin_n he_o permit_v shall_v be_v commit_v but_o do_v not_o will_n it_o nor_o necessitate_v it_o i_o know_v also_o they_o distinguish_v the_o action_n from_o the_o sin_n of_o the_o action_n say_v god_n almighty_n do_v indeed_o cause_v the_o action_n whatsoever_o action_n it_o be_v but_o not_o the_o sinfulness_n or_o irregularity_n of_o it_o that_o be_v the_o discordance_n between_o the_o action_n and_o the_o law_n such_o distinction_n as_o these_o dazzle_v my_o understanding_n i_o find_v no_o difference_n between_o the_o will_v to_o have_v a_o thing_n do_v and_o the_o permission_n to_o do_v it_o when_o he_o that_o permit_v it_o can_v hinder_v it_o and_o know_v it_o will_v be_v do_v unless_o he_o hinder_v it_o nor_o find_v i_o any_o difference_n between_o a_o action_n that_o be_v against_o the_o law_n and_o the_o sin_n of_o that_o action_n as_o for_o example_n between_o the_o kill_n of_o uriah_n and_o
bear_v do_v all_o oblige_v we_o to_o the_o observation_n of_o they_o yet_o to_o none_o of_o all_o these_o do_v we_o give_v our_o actual_a consent_n over_o and_o above_o all_o these_o exception_n he_o build_v upon_o a_o wrong_a foundation_n that_o all_o magistrate_n at_o first_o be_v elective_a the_o first_o governor_n be_v father_n of_o family_n and_o when_o those_o petty_a prince_n can_v not_o afford_v competent_a protection_n and_o security_n to_o their_o subject_n many_o of_o they_o do_v resign_v their_o several_a and_o respective_a interist_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o one_o joint_a father_n of_o the_o country_n and_o though_o his_o ground_n have_v be_v true_a that_o all_o first_o legislator_n be_v elective_a which_o be_v false_a yet_o his_o superstructure_n fail_v for_o it_o be_v do_v in_o hope_n and_o trust_v that_o they_o will_v make_v just_a law_n if_o magistrate_n abuse_v this_o trust_n and_o deceive_v the_o hope_n of_o the_o people_n by_o make_v tyrannical_a law_n yet_o it_o be_v without_o their_o consent_n a_o precedent_a trust_n do_v not_o justify_v the_o subsequent_a error_n and_o abuse_n of_o a_o trustee_n he_o who_o be_v due_o elect_v a_o legislator_n may_v exercise_v his_o legislative_a power_n undue_o the_o people_n implicit_a consent_n do_v not_o render_v the_o tyrannical_a law_n of_o their_o legislator_n to_o be_v just_a d_o but_o his_o chief_a answer_n be_v that_o a_o action_n forhidden_v though_o it_o proceed_v from_o necessary_a cause_n yet_o if_o it_o be_v do_v willing_o it_o may_v be_v just_o punish_v which_o according_a to_o his_o custom_n he_o prove_v by_o a_o instance_n a_o man_n necessitate_v to_o steal_v by_o the_o strength_n of_o temptation_n yet_o if_o he_o steal_v willing_o be_v just_o put_v to_o death_n here_o be_v two_o thing_n and_o both_o of_o they_o untrue_a first_o he_o fail_v in_o his_o assertion_n indeed_o we_o suffer_v just_o for_o those_o necessity_n which_o we_o ourselves_o have_v contract_v by_o our_o own_o fault_n but_o not_o for_o extrinsical_a antecedent_n necessity_n w_z ch_z be_v impose_v upon_o we_o without_o our_o fault_n if_o that_o law_n do_v not_o oblige_v to_o punishment_n which_o be_v not_o intimate_v because_o the_o subject_n be_v invincible_o ignorant_a of_o it_o how_o much_o less_o that_o law_n which_o prescribe_v absolute_a impossibility_n unless_o perhaps_o invincible_a necessity_n be_v not_o as_o strong_a a_o plea_n as_o invincible_a ignorance_n that_o which_o he_o add_v if_o it_o be_v do_v willing_o though_o it_o be_v of_o great_a moment_n if_o it_o be_v right_o understand_v yet_o in_o his_o sense_n that_o be_v if_o a_o man_n will_n be_v not_o in_o his_o own_o disposition_n and_o if_o his_o willing_a do_v not_o come_v upon_o he_o according_a to_o his_o will_n nor_o according_a to_o any_o thing_n else_o in_o his_o power_n it_o weigh_v not_o half_a so_o much_o as_o the_o least_o feather_n in_o all_o his_o horseload_n for_o if_o that_o law_n be_v unjust_a and_o tyrannical_a which_o command_v a_o man_n to_o do_v that_o which_o be_v impossible_a for_o he_o to_o do_v than_o that_o law_n be_v likewise_o unjust_a and_o tyrannical_a which_o command_v he_o to_o will_n that_o which_o be_v impossible_a for_o he_o to_o will_n second_o his_o instance_n suppose_v a_o untruth_n and_o be_v a_o plain_a beg_n of_o the_o question_n no_o man_n be_v extrinsecal_o antecedent_o and_o irresistible_o necessitate_v by_o temptation_n to_o steal_v the_o devil_n may_v solicit_v we_o but_o he_o can_v necessitate_v we_o he_o have_v a_o faculty_n of_o persuade_v but_o not_o a_o power_n of_o compel_v nosignem_fw-la habemus_fw-la spiritus_fw-la â—â—ammam_fw-la ciet_fw-la as_o nazi_n anzen_n he_o blow_v the_o coal_n but_o the_o fire_n be_v our_o own_o mordet_fw-la duntaxat_fw-la seize_v in_o fauces_fw-la illius_fw-la objicientens_fw-fr as_o st._n austin_n he_o bite_v not_o until_o we_o thrust_v ourselves_o into_o his_o mouth_n he_o may_v propose_v he_o may_v suggest_v but_o he_o can_v move_v the_o will_n effective_o resist_v the_o devil_n and_o he_o will_v fly_v from_o you_o jam._n 4._o 7._o by_o faith_n we_o be_v able_a to_o quench_v all_o the_o fiery_a dart_n of_o the_o wicked_a eph._n 6._o 16._o and_o if_o satan_n who_o can_v both_o propose_v the_o object_n and_o choose_v out_o the_o fit_a time_n and_o place_n to_o work_v upon_o our_o frailty_n and_o can_v suggest_v reason_n yet_o can_v necessitate_v the_o will_n which_o be_v most_o certain_a then_o much_o less_o can_v outward_a object_n do_v it_o alone_o they_o have_v no_o natural_a efficacy_n to_o determine_v the_o will_n well_o may_v they_o be_v occasion_n but_o they_o can_v be_v cause_n of_o evil_a the_o sensitive_a appetite_n may_v engender_v a_o proclivity_n to_o steal_v but_o not_o a_o necessity_n to_o steal_v and_o if_o it_o shall_v produce_v a_o kind_n of_o necessity_n yet_o it_o be_v but_o moral_a not_o natural_a hypothetical_n not_o absolute_a coexistent_a not_o antecedent_n from_o ourselves_o nor_o extrinsecall_v this_o necessity_n or_o rather_o proclivity_n be_v fâ—â—â—_n in_o its_o cause_n we_o ourselves_o by_o our_o own_o negligence_n in_o not_o oppose_v our_o passion_n when_o we_o shall_v and_o might_n have_v free_o give_v it_o a_o kind_n of_o dominion_n over_o we_o admit_v that_o some_o sudden_a passion_n may_v and_o do_v extraordinary_o surprise_v we_o and_o therefore_o we_o say_v motus_fw-la primo_fw-la primi_fw-la the_o first_o motion_n be_v not_o always_o in_o our_o power_n neither_o be_v they_o free_a yet_o this_o be_v but_o very_o rare_o and_o it_o be_v our_o own_o fault_n that_o they_o do_v surprise_v we_o neither_o do_v the_o law_n punish_v the_o first_o motion_n to_o theft_n but_o the_o advise_v act_n of_o steal_v the_o intention_n make_v the_o thief_n but_o of_o this_o more_o large_o numb_a 25._o e_o he_o plead_v moreover_o that_o the_o law_n be_v a_o cause_n of_o justice_n that_o it_o frame_v the_o will_n of_o man_n to_o justice_n and_o that_o the_o punishment_n of_o one_o do_v conduce_v to_o the_o preservation_n of_o many_o all_o this_o be_v most_o true_a of_o a_o just_a law_n just_o execute_v but_o this_o be_v no_o god-have-mercy_o to_z t._n h._n his_o opinion_n of_o absolute_a necessity_n if_o all_o action_n and_o all_o event_n be_v predetermine_v natural_o necessary_o extrinsecal_o how_o shall_v the_o law_n frame_v man_n moral_o to_o good_a action_n he_o leave_v nothing_o for_o the_o law_n to_o do_v but_o either_o that_o which_o be_v do_v already_o or_o that_o which_o be_v impossible_a to_o be_v do_v if_o a_o man_n be_v chain_v to_o every_o individual_a act_n which_o he_o do_v and_o from_o every_o act_n which_o he_o do_v not_o by_o indissolvible_a bond_n of_o inevitable_a necessity_n how_o shall_v the_o law_n either_o deter_v he_o or_o frame_v he_o if_o a_o dog_n be_v chain_v fast_o to_o a_o post_n the_o sight_n of_o a_o rod_n can_v draw_v he_o from_o it_o make_v a_o thousand_o law_n that_o the_o fire_n shall_v not_o burn_v yet_o it_o will_v burn_v and_o whatsoever_o man_n do_v according_a to_o t._n h._n they_o do_v it_o as_o necessary_o as_o the_o fire_n burn_v hang_v up_o a_o thousand_o thief_n and_o if_o a_o man_n be_v determine_v inevitable_o to_o steal_v he_o must_v steal_v notwithstanding_o f_o he_o add_v that_o the_o suffering_n impose_v by_o the_o law_n upon_o delinquent_n respect_v not_o the_o evil_a act_n past_a but_o the_o good_a to_o come_v and_o that_o the_o put_n of_o a_o delinquent_n to_o death_n by_o the_o magistrate_n for_o any_o crime_n whatsoever_o can_v be_v justify_v before_o god_n except_o there_o be_v a_o real_a intention_n to_o benefit_v other_o by_o his_o example_n the_o truth_n be_v the_o punish_v of_o delinquent_n by_o law_n respect_v both_o the_o evil_a act_n past_a and_o the_o good_a to_o come_v the_o ground_n of_o it_o be_v the_o evil_a act_n past_a the_o scope_n or_o end_n of_o it_o be_v the_o good_a to_o come_v the_o end_n without_o the_o ground_n can_v justify_v the_o act_n a_o bad_a intention_n may_v make_v a_o good_a action_n bad_a but_o a_o good_a intention_n can_v make_v a_o bad_a action_n good_a it_o be_v not_o lawful_a to_o do_v evil_a that_o good_a may_v come_v of_o it_o nor_o to_o punish_v a_o innoceut_n person_n for_o the_o admonition_n of_o other_o that_o be_v to_o fall_v into_o a_o certain_a crime_n for_o fear_v of_o a_o uncertain_a again_o though_o there_o be_v no_o other_o end_n of_o penalty_n inflict_v neither_o probatory_n nor_o castigatory_a nor_o exemplary_a but_o only_o vindicatory_a to_o satisfy_v the_o law_n out_o of_o a_o zeal_n of_o justice_n by_o give_v to_o every_o one_o his_o own_o yet_o the_o action_n be_v just_a and_o warrantable_a kill_v as_o it_o be_v consider_v in_o itself_o without_o all_o undue_a circumstance_n be_v never_o prohibit_v to_o the_o lawful_a magistrate_n who_o be_v the_o vicegerent_n or_o
treatise_n out_o of_o which_o he_o only_o repeat_v two_o thing_n one_o be_v that_o we_o ought_v not_o to_o desert_n a_o certain_a truth_n for_o not_o be_v able_a to_o comprehend_v the_o certain_a manner_n of_o it_o and_o i_o say_v the_o same_o as_o for_o example_n that_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o desert_n this_o certain_a truth_n that_o there_o be_v certain_a and_o necessary_a cause_n wâ—iâ—h_v make_v euâ—ry_o man_n to_o will_v what_o he_o will'th_v though_o he_o do_v not_o yet_o conceive_v in_o what_o manner_n the_o will_n of_o man_n be_v cause_v and_o yet_o i_o think_v the_o manner_n of_o it_o be_v not_o very_o hard_a to_o conceive_v see_v that_o we_o see_v daily_o that_o praise_n dispraise_n reward_n punishment_n good_a and_o evil_a sequels_fw-fr of_o mâ—ns_n actioâ—s_v â—â—tained_v in_o memory_n â—o_o frame_v and_o make_v we_o to_o the_o election_n of_o whatsoever_o it_o be_v that_o we_o elect_v and_o â—â—aâ—_n the_o memory_n of_o such_o thing_n proceed_v from_o the_o sense_n and_o sense_n from_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o object_n of_o sense_n which_o be_v external_a to_o we_o and_o govern_v only_o by_o god_n almighty_a and_o by_o consequence_n all_o action_n even_o of_o free_a and_o voluntary_a agent_n â—re_n necessary_a the_o other_o thing_n he_o repeat_v be_v that_o the_o best_a way_n to_o reconcile_v contingency_n and_o liberty_n with_o the_o prescience_n and_o decree_n of_o god_n be_v to_o subject_v future_a contingent_n to_o the_o aspect_n of_o god_n the_o same_o be_v also_o my_o opinion_n but_o contrary_a to_o what_o he_o have_v all_o this_o while_n labour_v to_o prove_v for_o hitherto_o he_o hold_v liberty_n and_o necessity_n that_o be_v to_o say_v libertâ—_n and_o the_o decree_n of_o god_n irreconcilable_a unless_o the_o aspect_n of_o god_n which_o word_n appear_v now_o the_o first_o time_n in_o this_o discourse_n signify_v somewhat_o else_o beside_o god_n will_v and_o decree_n which_o i_o can_v understand_v buâ—_n he_o add_v that_o we_o must_v subject_v they_o according_a to_o that_o presentiality_n which_o they_o have_v in_o eternity_n which_o he_o say_v can_v be_v do_v by_o they_o that_o conceive_v eternity_n to_o be_v a_o everlasting_a succession_n but_o only_o by_o they_o that_o conceive_v it_o a_o indivisible_a poiâ—t_n to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o as_o soon_o as_o i_o can_v conceive_v eternity_n to_o be_v a_o indivisible_a point_n or_o any_o thing_n but_o a_o everlasting_a succession_n i_o wilâ—_n renounce_v all_o i_o have_v write_v in_o this_o subject_n i_o know_v st._n thomas_n aquinas_n call_v eternity_n nunc_fw-la stans_fw-la a_o ever_o abide_v now_o which_o be_v easy_a enough_o to_o say_v but_o though_o i_o fain_o will_v i_o never_o can_v conceive_v it_o they_o that_o can_v be_v more_o hapâ—y_a than_o i._n but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n he_o allow_v hereby_o all_o man_n to_o be_v of_o my_o opinion_n save_v only_o those_o that_o conceive_v in_o their_o mind_n a_o nunc_fw-la stans_fw-la which_o i_o think_v be_v none_o i_o understand_v as_o little_o how_o it_o can_v be_v true_a that_o god_n be_v not_o just_a but_o justice_n itself_o not_o wise_a but_o wisdom_n itself_o not_o eternal_a but_o eternity_n itself_o nor_o how_o he_o conclude_v thence_o that_o eternity_n be_v a_o point_n indivisible_a and_o not_o a_o succession_n nor_o in_o what_o sense_n it_o can_v be_v say_v that_o a_o infinite_a point_n etc._n etc._n wherein_o be_v no_o succession_n can_v comprehend_v all_o time_n though_o time_n be_v successive_a these_o phrase_n i_o find_v not_o in_o the_o scripture_n i_o wonder_v therefore_o what_o be_v the_o design_n of_o the_o schoolman_n to_o bring_v they_o up_o unless_o they_o thâ—ught_v a_o man_n can_v not_o be_v a_o true_a christian_a unless_o his_o understanstanding_n be_v first_o strangle_v with_o such_o hard_a say_n and_o thus_o much_o in_o answer_n to_o his_o discourse_n wherein_o i_o think_v not_o only_o his_o squadron_n but_o also_o his_o reserve_v of_o distinction_n be_v defeat_v and_o now_o your_o lordship_n shall_v have_v my_o doctrine_n concern_v the_o sâ—me_a question_n with_o my_o reason_n for_o iâ—_n positive_o and_o brief_o as_o i_o can_v without_o any_o term_n of_o art_n in_o plain_a english_a j._n d._n a_o that_o poor_a discourse_n which_o i_o mention_v be_v not_o write_v against_o any_o divine_n but_o in_o way_n of_o examination_n of_o a_o french_a treatise_n which_o your_o lordship_n brother_n do_v i_o the_o honour_n to_o show_v i_o at_o york_n b_o my_o assertion_n be_v must_v true_a that_o we_o ought_v not_o to_o desert_n a_o certain_a truth_n because_o we_o be_v not_o able_a to_o comprehend_v the_o certain_a manner_n such_o a_o truth_n be_v that_o which_o i_o maintain_v that_o the_o will_n of_o man_n in_o ordinary_a action_n be_v free_a from_o extrinsical_a determination_n a_o truth_n demonstrable_a in_o reason_n receive_v and_o believe_v by_o all_o the_o world_n and_o therefore_o though_o i_o be_v not_o able_a to_o comprehend_v or_o express_v exact_o the_o certain_a manner_n how_o it_o consist_v together_o with_o god_n eternal_a prescience_n and_o decree_n which_o exceed_v my_o weak_a capacity_n yet_o i_o ought_v to_o adhere_v to_o that_o truth_n which_o be_v manifest_a but_o t._n h._n his_o opinion_n of_o the_o absolute_a necessity_n of_o all_o event_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o antecedent_n determination_n in_o their_o extrinsical_a and_o necessary_a cause_n be_v no_o such_o certain_a truth_n but_o a_o innovation_n a_o strange_a paradox_n without_o probable_a ground_n reject_v by_o all_o author_n yea_o by_o all_o the_o world_n neither_o be_v the_o manner_n how_o the_o second_o cause_n do_v operate_v so_o obscure_a or_o so_o transcendent_a above_o the_o reach_n of_o reason_n as_o the_o eternal_a decree_n of_o god_n be_v and_o therefore_o in_o both_o these_o respect_n he_o can_v challenge_v â—â—e_v same_o privilege_n i_o be_o in_o possession_n of_o a_o old_a truth_n derive_v by_o inheritance_n or_o succession_n from_o my_o ancestor_n and_o therefore_o though_o i_o be_v not_o able_a to_o clear_v every_o quirk_n in_o law_n yet_o i_o may_v just_o hold_v my_o possession_n until_o a_o better_a title_n be_v show_v for_o another_o he_o be_v no_o old_a possessor_n but_o a_o new_a pretender_n and_o be_v bind_v to_o make_v good_a his_o claim_n by_o evident_a proof_n not_o by_o weak_a and_o inconsequent_a supposition_n or_o inducement_n such_o as_o those_o be_v which_o he_o use_v here_o of_o praise_n dispraise_n reward_n punishment_n the_o memory_n of_o good_a and_o evil_a sequels_fw-fr and_o event_n which_o may_v incline_v the_o will_n but_o neither_o can_v nor_o do_v necessitate_v the_o will_n nor_o by_o uncertain_a and_o accidental_a inference_n such_o as_o this_o the_o memory_n of_o praise_n dispraise_n reward_n punishment_n good_a and_o evil_a sequels_fw-fr do_v make_v we_o he_o shall_v say_v dispose_v we_o to_o elect_v what_o we_o elect_v but_o the_o memory_n of_o these_o thing_n be_v from_o the_o sense_n and_o the_o sense_n from_o the_o oâ—â—ration_n of_o the_o external_a object_n and_o the_o agency_n of_o external_a object_n 〈…〉_o from_o god_n therefore_o all_o action_n even_o of_o free_a and_o volâ—ntâ—ry_a agent_n be_v necessary_a c_o to_o pass_v by_o all_o the_o other_o great_a imperfection_n which_o be_v to_o be_v sound_a in_o this_o sorite_n it_o be_v just_a like_o that_o old_a sophistical_a piece_n he_o that_o drink_v well_o sleep_v well_o â—e_z that_o sleep_v well_o think_v no_o hurt_n he_o that_o think_v no_o hurt_n live_v 〈…〉_o therefore_o he_o that_o drink_v well_o live_v well_o d_o in_o the_o very_a last_o passage_n of_o my_o discourse_n i_o propose_v i_o own_o private_a opinion_n how_o it_o may_v be_v make_v appear_v that_o the_o eternal_a prescience_n and_o decree_n of_o god_n be_v consistent_a with_o true_a liberty_n and_o contingency_n and_o this_o i_o set_v down_o in_o as_o plain_a term_n as_o i_o can_v or_o as_o so_o profound_a a_o speculation_n will_v permit_v which_o be_v almost_o whole_o misunderstand_v by_o t._n h._n and_o many_o of_o my_o word_n wrest_v to_o a_o wrong_a sense_n as_o first_o where_o i_o speak_v of_o the_o aspect_n of_o god_n that_o be_v his_o view_n his_o knowledge_n by_o which_o the_o most_o free_a and_o contingent_a action_n be_v manifest_a to_o he_o from_o eternity_n heb._n 4._o 11._o all_o thing_n be_v naked_a and_o open_a to_o his_o eye_n and_o this_o not_o discursive_o but_o intuitive_o not_o by_o external_a species_n but_o by_o his_o internal_a essence_n he_o confound_v this_o with_o the_o will_n and_o the_o decree_n of_o god_n though_o he_o find_v not_o the_o word_n aspect_n before_o in_o this_o discourse_n he_o may_v have_v find_v prescience_n e_z second_o he_o charge_v i_o that_o hither_o to_o i_o have_v maintain_v that_o liberty_n and_o the_o decree_n of_o god_n be_v irrecilable_a if_o i_o have_v say_v any_o such_o thing_n my_o heart_n
by_o general_a influence_n which_o be_v evermore_o requisite_a angel_n or_o man_n by_o persuade_v evil_a spirit_n by_o tempt_v the_o object_n or_o end_n by_o its_o appetibility_n the_o understanding_n by_o direct_v so_o passion_n and_o acquire_v habit_n but_o i_o deny_v that_o any_o of_o these_o do_v necessitate_v or_o can_v necessitate_v the_o will_n of_o man_n by_o determine_v it_o physical_o to_o one_o except_o god_n alone_o who_o do_v it_o rare_o in_o extraordinary_a case_n and_o where_o there_o be_v no_o antecedent_n determination_n to_o one_o there_o be_v no_o absolute_a necessity_n but_o true_a liberry_n b_o his_o second_o argument_n be_v ex_fw-la concessis_fw-la it_o be_v out_o of_o controversy_n say_v he_o that_o of_o voluntary_a action_n the_o will_n be_v a_o necessary_a cause_n the_o argument_n may_v be_v thus_o reduce_v necessary_a cause_n produce_v necessary_a effect_n but_o the_o will_n be_v a_o necessary_a cause_n of_o voluntary_a action_n i_o may_v deny_v his_o major_n necessary_a cause_n do_v not_o always_o produce_v necessary_a effect_n except_o they_o be_v also_o necessary_o produce_v as_o i_o have_v show_v before_o in_o the_o burn_a of_o protagoras_n his_o book_n but_o i_o answer_v clear_o to_o the_o minor_a that_o the_o will_n be_v not_o a_o necessary_a cause_n of_o what_o it_o will_v in_o particular_a action_n it_o be_v without_o controversy_n indeed_o for_o it_o be_v without_o all_o probability_n that_o it_o will_n when_o it_o will_v be_v necessary_a but_o that_o it_o will_v this_o or_o that_o now_o or_o then_o be_v free_a more_o express_o the_o act_n of_o the_o will_n may_v be_v consider_v three_o way_n either_o in_o respect_n of_o its_o nature_n or_o in_o respect_n of_o its_o exercise_n or_o in_o respect_n of_o its_o object_n first_o for_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o act_n that_o which_o the_o will_n will_v be_v necessary_o voluntary_a because_o the_o will_n can_v be_v compel_v and_o in_o this_o sense_n it_o be_v out_o of_o controversy_n that_o the_o will_n be_v a_o necessary_a cause_n of_o voluntary_a action_n second_o for_o the_o exercise_n of_o its_o act_n that_o be_v not_o necessary_a the_o will_n may_v either_o will_n or_o suspend_v its_o act_n three_o for_o the_o object_n that_o be_v not_o necessary_a but_o free_a the_o will_n be_v not_o extrinsecal_o determine_v to_o its_o object_n as_o for_o example_n the_o cardinal_n meet_v in_o the_o conclave_n to_o choose_v a_o pope_n who_o they_o choose_v he_o be_v necessary_o pope_n but_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a that_o they_o shall_v choose_v this_o or_o that_o day_n before_o they_o be_v assemble_v they_o may_v defer_v their_o assemble_v when_o they_o be_v assemble_v they_o may_v suspend_v their_o election_n for_o a_o day_n or_o a_o week_n last_o for_o the_o person_n who_o they_o will_v choose_v it_o be_v free_o in_o their_o own_o power_n otherwise_o if_o the_o election_n be_v not_o free_a it_o be_v void_a and_o no_o election_n at_o all_o so_o that_o which_o take_v its_o beginning_n from_o the_o will_n be_v necessary_o voluntary_a but_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a that_o the_o will_n shall_v will_v this_o or_o that_o in_o particular_a as_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o the_o person_n free_o elect_v shall_v be_v pope_n but_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a either_o that_o the_o election_n shall_v be_v at_o this_o time_n or_o that_o this_o man_n shall_v be_v elect_v and_o therefore_o voluntary_a act_n in_o particular_a have_v not_o necessary_a cause_n that_o be_v they_o be_v not_o necessitate_v animadversion_n upon_o the_o answer_n to_o numb_a xxx_o i_o have_v say_v that_o nothing_o take_v beginning_n from_o itself_o and_o that_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o will_n be_v not_o the_o will_n itself_o but_o something_o else_o which_o it_o despise_v not_o of_o answer_v to_o thiâ—_n he_o endeavour_v to_o sheâ—_n we_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o will._n a_o i_o grant_v say_v he_o that_o the_o will_n do_v not_o take_v beginning_n from_o itself_o for_o that_o the_o faculty_n of_o the_o wilâ—_n take_v beginning_n from_o god_n who_o create_v the_o soul_n and_o pour_v it_o into_o man_n and_o endow_v it_o with_o this_o power_n and_o for_o that_o the_o act_n of_o willing_a take_v not_o beginning_n from_o itself_o but_o from_o the_o faculty_n or_o from_o the_o power_n of_o willing_a which_o be_v in_o the_o soul._n this_o be_v certain_a finite_a and_o participate_v thing_n can_v be_v from_o themselves_o nor_o be_v produce_v by_o themselves_o what_o will_v he_o conclude_v from_o hence_o that_o therefore_o the_o act_n of_o willing_a take_v not_o its_o beginning_n from_o the_o faculty_n of_o the_o will_n it_o be_v well_o that_o he_o grant_v finite_a thing_n as_o for_o his_o participate_v it_o signify_v nothing_o here_o can_v be_v produce_v by_o themselves_o for_o out_o of_o this_o i_o can_v conclude_v that_o the_o act_n of_o willing_a be_v not_o produce_v by_o the_o faculty_n of_o willing_a he_o that_o have_v the_o faculty_n of_o willing_a have_v the_o faculty_n of_o willing_a something_o in_o particular_a and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n he_o have_v the_o faculty_n of_o nill_v the_o same_o if_o therefore_o the_o faculty_n of_o willing_a be_v the_o cause_n he_o will_v any_o thing_n whatsoever_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n the_o faculty_n of_o nilling_a will_v be_v the_o cause_n at_o the_o same_o time_n of_o nill_v it_o and_o so_o he_o shall_v will_n and_o will_v the_o same_o thing_n at_o the_o same_o time_n which_o be_v absurd_a it_o seem_v the_o bishop_n have_v forget_v that_o matter_n and_o power_n be_v indifferent_a to_o contrary_a form_n and_o contrary_a acts._n it_o be_v somewhat_o beside_o the_o matter_n that_o dâ—termineth_v it_o to_o a_o certain_a form_n and_o somewhat_o beside_o the_o power_n that_o produce_v a_o certain_a act_n and_o thence_o it_o be_v that_o be_v infer_v this_o that_o he_o grant_v that_o nothing_o can_v be_v produce_v by_o itself_o which_o nevertheless_o he_o present_o contradict_v in_o say_v that_o all_o man_n know_v when_o a_o stone_n descend_v the_o beginning_n be_v intrinsical_v and_o that_o the_o stone_n move_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o form_n and_o be_v move_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o matter_n which_o be_v as_o much_o to_o say_v that_o the_o form_n move_v the_o matter_n or_o that_o the_o stone_n move_v itself_o which_o before_o he_o deny_v when_o a_o stone_n ascend_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o stone_n motion_n be_v in_o itself_o that_o be_v to_o say_v intrinsical_v because_o it_o be_v not_o the_o stone_n motion_n till_o the_o store_n begin_v to_o be_v move_v but_o the_o motion_n that_o cause_v it_o to_o begin_v to_o ascend_v be_v a_o precedent_n and_o extrinsical_a motion_n of_o the_o hand_n or_o other_o engine_n that_o throw_v it_o upward_o and_o so_o when_o it_o descend_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o stone_n motion_n be_v in_o the_o stone_n but_o nevertheless_o there_o be_v a_o former_a motion_n in_o the_o ambient_fw-la body_n air_n or_o water_n that_o cause_v it_o to_o descend_v but_o because_o no_o man_n can_v see_v it_o most_o man_n think_v there_o be_v none_o though_o reason_n wherewith_o the_o bishop_n as_o rely_v only_o upon_o the_o authority_n of_o book_n trouble_v not_o himself_o convince_v that_o there_o be_v b_o his_o second_o argument_n be_v ex_fw-la concessis_fw-la it_o be_v out_o of_o controversy_n that_o of_o voluntary_a action_n the_o will_n be_v a_o necessary_a cause_n the_o argument_n may_v be_v thus_o reduce_v necessary_a cause_n produce_v necessary_a effect_n but_o the_o will_n be_v a_o necessary_a cause_n of_o voluntary_a action_n i_o may_v deny_v his_o major_n necessary_a cause_n do_v not_o always_o produce_v necessary_a effect_n except_o they_o be_v also_o necessary_o produce_v he_o have_v reduce_v the_o argument_n to_o nonsense_n by_o say_v necessary_a cause_n produce_v not_o necessary_a effect_n for_o necessary_a effect_n unless_o he_o mean_v such_o effect_n as_o shall_v necessary_o be_v produce_v be_v insignificant_a let_v he_o consider_v therefore_o with_o what_o grace_n he_o can_v say_v necessary_a cause_n do_v not_o always_o produce_v their_o effect_n except_o those_o effect_n be_v also_o necessary_o produce_v but_o his_o answer_n be_v chief_o to_o the_o minor_a and_o deny_v that_o the_o will_n be_v not_o a_o necessary_a cause_n of_o what_o it_o will_v in_o particular_a action_n that_o it_o will_n when_o it_o will_v say_v he_o be_v necessary_a but_o that_o it_o will_v this_o or_o that_o be_v free_a be_v it_o possible_a for_o any_o man_n to_o conceive_v that_o he_o that_o will_v can_v will_v any_o thing_n but_o this_o or_o that_o particular_a thing_n it_o be_v therefore_o manifest_a that_o either_o the_o will_n be_v a_o necessary_a cause_n of_o this_o or_o that_o or_o any_o other_o particular_a action_n or_o not_o the_o necessary_a cause_n of_o any_o voluntary_a action_n at_o all_o for_o universal_a action_n
proceed_v from_o the_o indetermination_n or_o contingent_a concurrence_n of_o natural_a cause_n first_o that_o there_o be_v free_a action_n which_o proceed_v mere_o from_o election_n without_o any_o outward_a necessitation_n be_v a_o truth_n so_o evident_a as_o that_o there_o be_v a_o sun_n in_o the_o heaven_n and_o he_o that_o doubt_v of_o it_o may_v as_o well_o doubt_v whether_o there_o be_v a_o shell_n without_o the_o nut_n or_o a_o stone_n within_o the_o olive_n a_o man_n proportion_v his_o time_n each_o day_n and_o allot_v so_o much_o to_o his_o devotion_n so_o much_o to_o his_o study_n so_o much_o to_o his_o diet_n so_o much_o to_o his_o recreation_n so_o much_o to_o necessary_a or_o civil_a visit_n so_o much_o to_o his_o rest_n he_o who_o will_v seek_v for_o i_o know_v not_o what_o cause_v of_o all_o this_o without_o himself_o except_o that_o good_a god_n who_o have_v give_v he_o a_o reasonable_a soul_n may_v as_o well_o seek_v for_o a_o cause_n of_o the_o egyptian_a pyramid_n among_o the_o crocodile_n of_o nilus_n c_o second_o for_o mix_a action_n which_o proceed_v from_o the_o concurrence_n of_o free_a and_o natural_a agent_n though_o they_o be_v not_o free_a yet_o they_o be_v not_o necessary_a as_o to_o keep_v my_o former_a instance_n a_o man_n walk_v though_o a_o street_n of_o a_o city_n to_o do_v his_o occasion_n a_o tile_n fall_v from_o a_o house_n and_o break_v his_o head_n the_o break_n of_o his_o head_n be_v not_o necessary_a for_o he_o do_v free_o choose_v to_o go_v that_o way_n without_o any_o necessitation_n neither_o be_v it_o free_a for_o he_o do_v not_o deliberate_v of_o that_o accident_n therefore_o it_o be_v contingent_a and_o by_o undoubted_a consequence_n there_o be_v contingent_a â—_z in_o the_o world_n which_o be_v not_o free_a most_o certain_o by_o the_o concurrence_n of_o free_a cause_n as_o god_n the_o good_a and_o bad_a angel_n and_o man_n with_o natural_a agent_n sometime_o on_o purpose_n and_o sometime_o by_o accident_n many_o event_n happen_v which_o otherwise_o have_v never_o happen_v many_o effect_n be_v produce_v which_o otherwise_o have_v never_o be_v produce_v and_o admit_v such_o thing_n to_o be_v contingent_a not_o necessary_a all_o their_o consequent_a effect_n not_o only_o immediate_a but_o mediate_v must_v likewise_o be_v contingent_a that_o be_v to_o say_v such_o as_o do_v not_o proceed_v from_o a_o continue_a connexion_n and_o succession_n of_o necessary_a cause_n which_o be_v direct_o contrary_a to_o t._n h._n his_o opinion_n d_o three_o for_o the_o action_n of_o bruit_n beast_n though_o they_o be_v not_o free_a though_o they_o have_v not_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n to_o restrain_v their_o appetite_n from_o that_o which_o be_v sensitive_o good_a by_o the_o consideration_n of_o what_o be_v rational_o good_a or_o what_o be_v hoâ—est_a and_o though_o their_o fancy_n be_v determine_v by_o nature_n to_o some_o kind_n of_o work_n yet_o to_o think_v that_o every_o individual_a action_n of_o they_o and_o each_o animal_n motion_n of_o they_o even_o to_o the_o least_o murmur_n or_o gesture_n be_v bind_v by_o the_o chain_n of_o unalterable_a necessity_n to_o the_o extrinsical_a cause_n or_o object_n i_o see_v no_o ground_n for_o it_o christ_n say_v one_o of_o these_o sparrow_n do_v not_o fall_v to_o the_o gound_z without_o your_o heavenly_a father_n that_o be_v without_o a_o influence_n of_o power_n from_o he_o or_o exempt_v from_o his_o disposition_n he_o do_v not_o say_v which_o your_o heavenly_a father_n cast_v not_o down_o last_o for_o the_o natural_a action_n of_o inanimate_a creature_n wherein_o there_o be_v not_o the_o least_o concurrence_n of_o any_o free_a or_o voluntary_a agent_n the_o question_n be_v yet_o more_o doubtful_a for_o many_o thing_n be_v call_v contingent_a in_o respect_n of_o we_o because_o we_o know_v not_o the_o cause_n of_o they_o which_o real_o and_o in_o themselves_o be_v not_o contingent_a but_o necessary_a also_o many_o thing_n be_v contingent_a in_o respect_n of_o one_o single_a cause_n either_o actual_o hinder_v or_o in_o possibility_n to_o be_v hinder_v which_o be_v necessary_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o joint_a concurrence_n of_o all_o collateral_a cause_n e_z but_o whether_o there_o be_v a_o necessary_a connexion_n of_o all_o natural_a cause_n from_o the_o begin_n so_o as_o they_o must_v all_o have_v concur_v as_o they_o have_v do_v and_o in_o the_o same_o degree_n of_o power_n and_o have_v be_v deficient_a as_o they_o have_v be_v in_o all_o event_n whatsoever_o will_v require_v a_o further_a examination_n if_o it_o be_v pertinent_a to_o this_o question_n of_o liberty_n but_o it_o be_v not_o it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o my_o purpose_n to_o have_v show_v that_o all_o elective_a action_n be_v free_a from_o absolute_a necessity_n and_o moreov_a that_o the_o concurrence_n of_o voluntary_a aâ—d_a free_a agent_n with_o natural_a cause_n both_o upon_o purpose_n and_o accidental_o have_v help_v they_o to_o produce_v many_o effect_n which_o otherwise_o they_o have_v not_o produce_v and_o hinder_v they_o from_o produce_v many_o effect_n which_o otherwise_o they_o have_v produce_v and_o that_o if_o this_o intervention_n of_o voluntary_a and_o free_a agent_n have_v be_v more_o frequent_a than_o it_o have_v be_v as_o without_o doubt_v it_o may_v have_v be_v many_o natural_a event_n have_v be_v otherwise_o than_o they_o be_v and_o therefore_o he_o may_v have_v spare_v his_o instance_n of_o cast_a ames-ace_n and_o rain_v to_o morrow_n and_o first_o for_o his_o cast_a ames-ace_n if_o it_o be_v throw_v by_o a_o fair_a gamester_n with_o indifferent_a die_n it_o be_v a_o mix_a action_n the_o cast_n of_o the_o dice_n be_v free_a but_o the_o cast_n of_o ames-ace_n be_v contingent_a a_o man_n may_v deliberate_v whether_o he_o will_v cast_v the_o dice_n or_o not_o but_o it_o be_v folly_n to_o deliberate_v whether_o he_o will_v cast_v ames-ace_n or_o not_o because_o it_o be_v not_o in_o his_o power_n unless_o he_o be_v a_o cheater_n that_o can_v cog_v the_o dice_n or_o the_o die_n be_v false_a die_n and_o then_o the_o contingency_n or_o the_o degree_n of_o contingency_n cease_v according_o as_o the_o caster_n have_v more_o or_o less_o cunning_a or_o as_o the_o figure_n or_o make_v of_o the_o dice_n do_v incline_v they_o to_o ames-ace_n more_o than_o to_o another_o cast_n or_o necessitate_v they_o to_o this_o cast_n and_o no_o other_o howsoever_o so_o far_o as_o the_o cast_n be_v free_a or_o contingent_a so_o far_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a and_o where_o necessity_n begin_v there_o liberty_n and_o contingency_n do_v cease_v to_o be_v likewise_o his_o other_o instance_n of_o rain_v or_o not_o rain_v to_o morrow_n be_v not_o of_o a_o free_a elective_a act_n nor_o always_o of_o a_o contingent_a act_n in_o some_o country_n as_o they_o have_v their_o stati_fw-la venti_fw-la their_o certain_a wind_n at_o set_a season_n so_o they_o have_v their_o certain_a and_o set_v rain_n the_o aethiopian_a rain_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o certain_a inundation_n of_o nilus_n in_o some_o eastern_a country_n they_o have_v rain_v only_o twice_o a_o year_n and_o those_o constant_a which_o the_o scripture_n call_v the_o former_a and_o the_o late_a rain_n in_o such_o place_n not_o only_o the_o cause_n do_v act_v determinate_o and_o necessary_o but_o also_o the_o determination_n or_o necessity_n of_o the_o event_n be_v fore-known_a to_o the_o inhabitant_n in_o our_o climate_n the_o natural_a cause_n celestial_a and_o sublunary_a do_v not_o produce_v rain_n so_o necessary_o at_o set_a time_n neither_o can_v we_o say_v so_o certain_o and_o infallible_o it_o will_v rain_v to_o morrow_n or_o it_o will_v not_o rain_v to_o morrow_n nevertheless_o it_o may_v so_o happen_v that_o the_o cause_n be_v so_o dispose_v and_o determine_v even_o in_o our_o climate_n that_o this_o proposition_n it_o will_v rain_v to_o morrow_n or_o it_o will_v not_o rain_v to_o morrow_n may_v be_v necessary_a in_o itself_o and_o the_o prognostic_n or_o token_n may_v be_v such_o in_o the_o sky_n in_o our_o own_o body_n in_o the_o creature_n animate_v and_o inanimate_a as_o weather-glass_n etc._n etc._n that_o it_o may_v become_v probable_o true_a to_o we_o that_o it_o will_v rain_v to_o morrow_n or_o it_o will_v not_o rain_v to_o morrow_n but_o ordinary_o it_o be_v a_o contingent_a proposition_n to_o we_o whether_o it_o be_v contingent_a also_o in_o itself_o that_o be_v whether_o the_o concurrence_n of_o the_o cause_n be_v absolute_o necessary_a whether_o the_o vapour_n or_o matter_n of_o the_o rain_n may_v not_o yet_o be_v disperse_v or_o otherwise_o consume_v or_o drive_v beyond_o our_o coast_n be_v a_o speculation_n which_o no_o way_n concern_v this_o question_n so_o we_o see_v one_o reason_n why_o his_o two_o instance_n be_v altogether_o impertinent_a because_o they_o be_v of_o action_n which_o be_v not_o
free_a nor_o elective_a nor_o such_o as_o proceed_v from_o the_o liberty_n of_o man_n will_n second_o our_o dispute_n be_v about_o absolute_a necessity_n his_o proof_n extend_v only_o to_o hypothetical_n necessity_n our_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o concurrence_n and_o determination_n of_o the_o cause_n be_v necessary_a before_o they_o do_v concur_v or_o be_v determine_v he_o prove_v that_o the_o effect_n be_v necessary_a after_o the_o cause_n have_v concur_v and_o be_v determine_v the_o free_a action_n of_o god_n or_o man_n be_v necessary_a by_o such_o a_o necessity_n of_o supposition_n and_o the_o most_o contingent_a event_n that_o be_v as_o i_o have_v show_v plain_o numb_a 3._o where_o his_o instance_n of_o ames-ace_n be_v more_o full_o answer_v so_o his_o proof_n look_v another_o way_n from_o his_o proposition_n his_o proposition_n be_v that_o the_o cast_n of_o ames-ace_n be_v necessary_a before_o it_o be_v throw_v his_o proof_n be_v that_o it_o be_v necessary_a when_o it_o be_v throw_v examine_v all_o his_o cause_n over_o and_o over_o and_o they_o will_v not_o afford_v he_o one_o grain_n of_o antecedent_n necessity_n the_o first_o cause_n be_v in_o the_o dice_n true_a if_o they_o be_v false_a die_n there_o may_v be_v something_o in_o it_o but_o then_o his_o contingency_n be_v destroy_v if_o they_o be_v square_a die_n they_o have_v no_o more_o inclination_n to_o ames-ace_n than_o to_o cinque_fw-fr and_o quater_fw-la or_o any_o other_o cast_v his_o second_o cause_n be_v the_o posture_n of_o the_o party_n hand_n but_o what_o necessity_n be_v there_o that_o he_o shall_v put_v his_o hand_n into_o such_o a_o posture_n none_o at_o all_o the_o three_o cause_n be_v the_o measure_n of_o the_o force_n apply_v by_o the_o caster_n now_o for_o the_o credit_n of_o his_o cause_n let_v he_o but_o name_n i_o will_v not_o say_v a_o convince_a reason_n nor_o so_o much_o as_o a_o probable_a reason_n but_o even_o any_o pretence_n of_o reason_n how_o the_o caster_n be_v necessitate_v from_o without_o himself_o to_o apply_v just_a so_o much_o force_v and_o neither_o more_o nor_o less_o if_o he_o can_v his_o cause_n be_v desperate_a and_o he_o may_v hold_v his_o peace_n for_o ever_o his_o last_o cause_n be_v the_o posture_n of_o the_o table_n but_o tell_v we_o in_o good_a earnest_n what_o necessity_n there_o be_v why_o the_o caster_n must_v throw_v into_o that_o table_n rather_o than_o the_o other_o or_o that_o the_o die_n must_v fall_v just_a upon_o that_o part_n of_o the_o table_n before_o the_o cast_n be_v throw_v he_o that_o make_v these_o to_o be_v necessary_a cause_n i_o do_v not_o wonder_v if_o he_o make_v all_o effect_n necessary_a effect_n if_o any_o one_o of_o these_o cause_n be_v contingent_a it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o render_v the_o cast_v contingent_a and_o now_o that_o they_o be_v all_o so_o contingent_a yet_o he_o will_v needs_o have_v the_o effect_n to_o be_v necessary_a and_o so_o it_o be_v when_o the_o cast_n be_v throw_v but_o not_o before_o the_o cast_n be_v throw_v which_o he_o undertake_v to_o prove_v who_o can_v blame_v he_o for_o be_v so_o angry_a with_o the_o schoolman_n and_o their_o distinction_n of_o necessity_n into_o absolute_a and_o hypothetical_a see_v they_o touch_v his_o freehold_n so_o near_o but_o though_o his_o instance_n of_o rain_v to_o morrow_n be_v impertinent_a as_o be_v no_o free_a action_n yet_o because_o he_o triumph_v so_o much_o in_o his_o argument_n i_o will_v not_o stick_v to_o go_v a_o little_a out_o of_o my_o way_n to_o meet_v a_o friend_n for_o i_o confess_v the_o validity_n of_o the_o reason_n have_v be_v the_o same_o if_o he_o have_v make_v it_o of_o a_o free_a action_n as_o thus_o either_o i_o shall_v finish_v this_o reply_n to_o morrow_n or_o i_o shall_v not_o finish_v this_o reply_n to_o morrow_n be_v a_o necessary_a proposition_n but_o because_o he_o shall_v not_o complain_v of_o any_o disadvantage_n in_o the_o alteration_n of_o his_o term_n i_o will_v for_o once_o adventure_v upon_o his_o shower_n of_o rain_n and_o first_o i_o ready_o admit_v his_o major_n that_o this_o proposition_n either_o it_o will_v rain_v to_o morrow_n or_o it_o will_v not_o rain_v to_o morrow_n be_v necessary_o true_a for_o of_o two_o contradictory_n proposition_n the_o one_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v true_a because_o no_o three_o can_v be_v give_v but_o his_o minor_a that_o it_o can_v not_o be_v necessary_o true_a except_o one_o of_o the_o member_n be_v necessary_o true_a be_v most_o false_a and_o so_o be_v his_o proof_n likewise_o that_o if_o neither_o the_o one_o nor_o the_o other_o of_o the_o member_n be_v necessary_o true_a it_o can_v be_v affirm_v that_o either_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o be_v true_a a_o conjunct_a proposition_n may_v have_v both_o part_n false_a and_o yet_o the_o proposition_n be_v true_a as_o if_o the_o suu_n shine_v it_o be_v day_n be_v a_o true_a proposition_n at_o midnight_n and_o t._n h._n confess_v as_o much_o numb_a 19_o if_o i_o shall_v live_v i_o shall_v eat_v be_v a_o necessary_a proposition_n that_o be_v to_o say_v it_o be_v necessary_a that_o that_o proposition_n shall_v be_v true_a whensoever_o utter_v but_o it_o be_v not_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o thing_n nor_o be_v it_o therefore_o necessary_a that_o the_o man_n shall_v live_v or_o that_o the_o man_n shall_v eat_v and_o so_o t._n h._n proceed_v i_o do_v not_o use_v to_o fortify_v my_o distinction_n with_o such_o reason_n but_o it_o seem_v he_o have_v forget_v himself_o and_o be_v content_v with_o such_o poor_a fortification_n and_o though_o both_o part_n of_o a_o disjunctive_a proposition_n can_v be_v false_a because_o if_o it_o be_v a_o right_a disjunction_n the_o member_n be_v repugnant_a whereof_o one_o part_n be_v infallible_o true_a yet_o vary_v but_o the_o proposition_n a_o little_a to_o abate_v the_o edge_n of_o the_o disjunction_n and_o you_o shall_v find_v that_o which_o t._n h._n say_v to_o be_v true_a that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o thing_n which_o make_v the_o proposition_n to_o be_v true_a as_o for_o example_n vary_v it_o thus_o i_o know_v that_o either_o 〈◊〉_d will_v rain_v to_o morrow_n or_o that_o it_o will_v not_o rain_v to_o morrow_n be_v a_o true_a proposition_n but_o it_o be_v not_o true_a that_o i_o know_v it_o will_v rain_v to_o morrow_n neither_o be_v it_o true_a that_o i_o know_v it_o will_v not_o rain_v to_o morrow_n wherefore_o the_o certain_a truth_n of_o the_o proposition_n do_v not_o prove_v that_o either_o of_o the_o member_n be_v determinate_o true_a in_o present_a truth_n be_v a_o conformity_n of_o the_o understanding_n to_o the_o thing_n know_v whereof_o speech_n be_v a_o interpreter_n if_o the_o understanding_n agree_v not_o with_o the_o thing_n it_o be_v a_o error_n if_o the_o word_n agree_v not_o with_o the_o understanding_n it_o be_v a_o lie_n now_o the_o thing_n know_v be_v know_v either_o in_o itself_o or_o in_o its_o cause_n if_o it_o be_v know_v in_o itself_o as_o it_o be_v than_o we_o express_v our_o apprehension_n of_o it_o in_o word_n of_o the_o present_a tense_n as_o the_o sun_n be_v rise_v if_o it_o be_v know_v in_o its_o cause_n we_o express_v ourselves_o in_o word_n of_o the_o future_a tense_n as_o to_o morrow_n will_v be_v a_o eclipse_n of_o the_o moon_n but_o if_o we_o neither_o know_v it_o in_o its_o self_n nor_o in_o its_o cause_n than_o there_o may_v be_v a_o foundation_n of_o truth_n but_o there_o be_v no_o such_o determinate_a truth_n of_o it_o that_o we_o can_v reduce_v it_o into_o a_o true_a proposition_n we_o can_v say_v it_o do_v rain_n to_o morrow_n or_o it_o do_v not_o rain_n to_o morrow_n that_o be_v not_o only_o false_a but_o absurd_a we_o can_v positive_o say_v it_o will_v rain_v to_o morrow_n because_o we_o do_v not_o know_v it_o in_o its_o cause_n either_o how_o they_o be_v determine_v or_o that_o they_o be_v determine_v wherefore_o the_o certitude_n and_o evidence_n of_o the_o disjunctive_a proposition_n be_v neither_o found_v upon_o that_o which_o will_v be_v actual_o to_o morrow_n for_o it_o be_v grant_v that_o we_o do_v not_o know_v that_o nor_o yet_o upon_o the_o determination_n of_o the_o cause_n for_o than_o we_o will_v not_o say_v indifferent_o either_o it_o will_v rain_v or_o it_o will_v not_o rain_v but_o positive_o it_o will_v rain_v or_o positive_o it_o will_v not_o rain_v but_o it_o be_v ground_v upon_o a_o undeniable_a principle_n that_o of_o two_o contradictory_n proposition_n the_o one_o must_v necessary_o be_v true_a f_z and_o therefore_o to_o say_v either_o this_o or_o that_o will_v infallible_o be_v but_o it_o be_v not_o yet_o 〈…〉_o whether_o this_o or_o that_o shall_v be_v be_v no_o such_o senseless_a 〈…〉_o tharst_o deserve_v a_o â—ytyrice_n tâ—patulice_n but_o a_o euâ—…th_n
beside_o god_n decree_n be_v his_o will_n and_o the_o bishop_n have_v say_v former_o that_o the_o will_n of_o god_n be_v god_n the_o justice_n of_o god_n god_n etc._n etc._n if_o therefore_o god_n make_v a_o decree_n according_a to_o the_o bishop_n opinion_n god_n make_v himself_o by_o which_o we_o may_v see_v what_o fine_a stuff_n it_o be_v that_o proceed_v from_o dispute_v of_o incomprehensibles_fw-fr again_o he_o say_v if_o it_o have_v be_v the_o good_a pleasure_n of_o god_n he_o may_v have_v make_v some_o cause_n free_a from_o necessity_n see_v that_o it_o neither_o argue_v any_o imperfection_n nor_o imply_v any_o contradiction_n if_o god_n have_v make_v either_o cause_n or_o effect_n free_a from_o necessity_n he_o have_v make_v theâ—â—_n free_a from_o his_o own_o prescience_n which_o have_v be_v imperfection_n perhaps_o he_o will_v say_v that_o in_o these_o word_n of_o he_o the_o decree_n be_v a_o act_n ad_fw-la extra_fw-la be_v free_o make_v by_o god_n i_o take_v no_o notice_n of_o that_o act_n ad_fw-la extra_fw-la as_o be_v too_o hot_a for_o my_o finger_n therefore_o now_o i_o take_v notice_n of_o it_o and_o say_v that_o it_o be_v neither_o latiâ—_n nor_o english_a nor_o sense_n t._n h._n the_o last_o thing_n in_o which_o also_o consist_v the_o whole_a controversy_n 35._o num._n 35._o namely_o that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o a_o agent_n which_o when_o all_o thing_n requisite_a to_o action_n be_v present_a can_v nevertheless_o forbear_v to_o produce_v it_o or_o which_o be_v all_o one_o that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o freedom_n from_o necessity_n be_v easy_o infer_v from_o that_o which_o have_v be_v before_o allege_v for_o if_o it_o be_v a_o agent_n it_o can_v work_v and_o if_o it_o work_v there_o be_v nothing_o want_v of_o what_o be_v requisite_a to_o produce_v the_o action_n and_o consequent_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o action_n be_v sufficient_a and_o if_o sufficient_a then_o also_o necessary_a as_o have_v be_v prove_v before_o j._n d._n i_o wonder_v that_o t._n h._n shall_v confess_v that_o the_o whole_a weight_n of_o this_o controversy_n do_v rest_n upon_o this_o proposition_n that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o a_o agent_n which_o when_o all_o thing_n requisite_a to_o action_n be_v present_a can_v nevertheless_o forbear_v to_o act_v and_o yet_o bring_v nothing_o but_o such_o poor_a bulrush_n to_o support_v it_o a_o if_o it_o be_v a_o agent_n say_v he_o it_o can_v work_v what_o of_o this_o a_o posse_fw-la ad_fw-la esse_fw-la non_fw-la valet_fw-la argumentum_fw-la from_o can_v work_v to_o will_v work_v be_v a_o weak_a inference_n and_o from_o will_v work_v to_o do_v work_n upon_o absolute_a necessity_n be_v another_o gross_a inconsequence_n he_o proceed_v thus_o iâ—_n it_o work_v there_o be_v nothing_o want_v of_o what_o be_v requisite_a to_o produce_v the_o action_n true_o there_o want_v nothing_o to_o produce_v that_o which_o be_v produce_v but_o there_o may_v want_v much_o to_o produce_v that_o which_o be_v intend_v one_o horse_n may_v pull_v his_o heart_n out_o and_o yet_o not_o draw_v the_o coach_n whither_o it_o shall_v be_v if_o he_o want_v the_o help_n or_o concurrence_n of_o his_o fellow_n and_o consequent_o say_v he_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o action_n be_v sufficient_a yes_o sufficient_a to_o do_v what_o it_o do_v though_o perhaps_o with_o much_o prejudice_n to_o itself_o but_o not_o always_o sufficient_a to_o do_v what_o it_o shall_v do_v or_o what_o it_o will_v do_v as_o he_o that_o beget_v a_o monster_n shall_v beget_v a_o man_n and_o will_v beget_v a_o man_n if_o he_o can_v the_o last_o link_n of_o his_o argument_n follow_v b_o and_o if_o sufficient_a then_o also_o necessary_a stay_v there_o by_o his_o leave_n there_o be_v no_o necessary_a connexion_n between_o sufficiency_n and_o efficiency_n otherwise_o god_n himself_o shall_v not_o be_v all-sufficient_a thus_o his_o argument_n be_v vanish_v but_o i_o will_v deal_v more_o favourable_o with_o he_o and_o grant_v he_o all_o that_o which_o he_o labour_v so_o much_o in_o vain_a to_o prove_v that_o every_o effect_n in_o the_o world_n have_v sufficient_a cause_n yea_o more_o that_o suppose_v the_o determination_n of_o the_o free_a and_o contingent_a cause_n every_o effect_n in_o the_o world_n be_v necessary_a c_o but_o all_o this_o will_v not_o advantage_v his_o cause_n the_o black_a of_o a_o bean_n for_o still_o it_o amount_v but_o to_o a_o hypothetical_a necessity_n and_o differ_v as_o much_o from_o that_o absolute_a necessity_n which_o he_o maintain_v as_o a_o gentleman_n who_o travel_v for_o his_o pleasure_n differ_v from_o a_o banish_a man_n or_o a_o free_a subject_n from_o a_o slave_n animadversion_n upon_o the_o answer_n to_o numb_a xxxv_o a_o if_o it_o be_v a_o agent_n say_v he_o it_o can_v work_v what_o of_o this_o a_o posse_fw-la ad_fw-la esse_fw-la non_fw-la valet_fw-la argumentum_fw-la from_fw-la can_v work_v to_o will_v work_n be_v a_o weak_a inference_n and_o from_o will_v work_v to_o do_v work_n upon_o absolute_a necessity_n be_v another_o gross_a inconsequence_n here_o he_o have_v get_v a_o just_a advantage_n for_o i_o shall_v have_v say_v if_o it_o be_v a_o agent_n it_o work_v not_o it_o can_v work_v but_o it_o be_v a_o advantage_n which_o profit_v little_a to_o his_o cause_n for_o if_o i_o repeat_v my_o argument_n again_o in_o this_o manner_n that_o which_o be_v a_o agent_n work_v that_o which_o work_v want_v nothing_o requisite_a to_o produce_v the_o action_n or_o the_o effect_n it_o produce_v and_o consequent_o be_v thereof_o a_o sufficient_a cause_n and_o if_o a_o sufficient_a cause_n than_o also_o a_o necessary_a cause_n his_o answer_n will_v be_v nothing_o to_o the_o purpose_n for_o whereas_o to_o these_o word_n that_o which_o work_v want_v nothing_o requisite_a to_o produce_v the_o action_n or_o the_o effect_n it_o produce_v he_o answer_v it_o be_v true_a but_o there_o may_v want_v much_o to_o produce_v that_o which_o be_v intend_v it_o be_v not_o contrary_a to_o any_o thing_n that_o i_o have_v say_v for_o i_o never_o maintain_v that_o whatsoever_o a_o man_n intend_v be_v necessary_o perform_v but_o this_o whatsoever_o a_o man_n perform_v iâ—_n necessary_o perform_v and_o what_o he_o intend_v necessary_o intend_v and_o that_o from_o cause_n antecedent_n and_o therefore_o to_o say_v as_o he_o do_v that_o the_o cause_n be_v sufficient_a to_o do_v what_o it_o do_v but_o not_o always_o sufficient_a to_o do_v what_o a_o man_n shall_v or_o will_v do_v be_v to_o say_v the_o same_o that_o i_o do_v for_o i_o say_v not_o that_o the_o cause_n that_o bring_v forth_o a_o monster_n be_v sufficient_a to_o bring_v forth_o a_o man_n but_o that_o every_o cause_n be_v sufficient_a to_o produce_v only_o the_o effect_n it_o produce_v and_o if_o sufficient_a then_o also_o necessary_a b_o and_o if_o sufficient_a then_o also_o necessary_a stay_v there_o by_o his_o leave_n there_o be_v no_o necessary_a connection_n between_o sufficiency_n and_o efficiency_n otherwise_o god_n himself_o shall_v not_o be_v all_o sufficient_a all_o sufficiency_n signify_v no_o more_o when_o it_o be_v attribute_v to_o god_n then_o omnipotence_n and_o omnipotence_n signify_v no_o more_o than_o the_o power_n to_o do_v all_o thing_n that_o he_o will_n but_o to_o the_o production_n of_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v produce_v the_o will_n of_o god_n be_v as_o requisite_a as_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o power_n and_o sufficiency_n and_o consequent_o his_o all_o sufficiency_n signify_v not_o a_o sufficiency_n or_o power_n to_o do_v those_o thing_n he_o will_v not_o but_o he_o will_v deal_v he_o say_v so_o favourable_o with_o i_o as_o to_o grant_v i_o all_o this_o which_o i_o labour_v he_o say_v so_o much_o in_o vain_a to_o prove_v and_o add_v c_o but_o all_o this_o will_v not_o advantage_v his_o cause_n the_o black_a of_o a_o bean_n for_o still_o it_o amount_v but_o to_o a_o hypothetical_n necessity_n if_o it_o prove_v no_o more_o it_o prove_v no_o necessity_n at_o all_o for_o by_o hypothetical_n necessity_n he_o mean_v the_o necessity_n of_o this_o proposition_n the_o effect_n be_v then_o when_o it_o be_v whereas_o necessity_n be_v only_o say_v true_o of_o somewhat_o in_o future_a for_o necessary_a be_v that_o which_o can_v possible_o be_v otherwise_o and_o possibility_n be_v always_o understand_v of_o some_o future_a time_n but_o see_v he_o grant_v so_o favourable_o that_o sufficient_a cause_n be_v necessary_a cause_n i_o shall_v easy_o conclude_v from_o it_o that_o whatsoever_o those_o cause_n do_v cause_n be_v necessary_a antecedent_o for_o if_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o thing_n produce_v when_o produce_v be_v in_o the_o same_o instant_n of_o time_n with_o the_o existence_n of_o its_o immediate_a cause_n than_o also_o that_o immediate_a cause_n be_v in_o the_o same_o instant_n with_o the_o cause_n by_o which_o it_o be_v