three_o cause_v antony_n earl_n rivers_n king_n edward_z the_o five_o his_o uncle_n by_o the_o mother_n side_n and_o sir_n richard_n grey_z knight_n half_a brother_n to_o the_o same_o king_n by_o the_o mother_n side_n both_o innocent_a person_n to_o loose_v their_o head_n for_o the_o usurper_n fear_v lest_o those_o courageous_a and_o resolute_a man_n will_v stop_v his_o passage_n aspire_v as_o he_o do_v by_o wicked_a mean_n to_o the_o crown_n as_o for_o the_o abbey_n which_o the_o lacy_n here_o found_v for_o religious_a person_n and_o the_o hospital_n which_o sir_n robert_n knolles_n erect_v for_o poor_a people_n i_o let_v pass_v witting_o see_v there_o be_v scarce_o any_o rubbish_n now_o remain_v of_o those_o good_a work_n from_o legeolium_n or_o castleford_n abovesaid_a leave_v behind_o we_o shirburne_n a_o little_a town_n but_o well_o inhabit_v which_o take_v name_n of_o the_o clear_a bourn_n or_o riveret_n and_o which_o king_n athelstane_n grant_v unto_o the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n by_o the_o high_a ridge_n or_o port_n way_n raise_v up_o of_o a_o great_a height_n aberford_n we_o come_v to_o aberford_n a_o little_a village_n situate_a upon_o the_o say_a way_n famous_a only_a for_o make_v of_o pin_n which_o by_o woman_n judgement_n be_v especial_o commend_v as_o the_o best_a under_o this_o the_o little_a river_n coc_n in_o book_n name_v cokarus_fw-la run_v and_o in_o the_o descent_n down_o thereunto_o the_o foundation_n of_o a_o old_a castle_n castle_n which_o they_o call_v castle_n cary_n be_v to_o be_v see_v scarce_o two_o mile_n from_o hence_o at_o the_o spring_n head_n of_o coc_n elmet_n stand_v barwic_n in_o elmet_n the_o royal_a house_n or_o seat_n by_o report_n in_o time_n pass_v of_o the_o king_n of_o northumberland_n which_o be_v environ_v about_o with_o wall_n as_o the_o very_a ruin_n and_o ruble_a thereof_o seem_v to_o testify_v on_o the_o other_o side_n be_v place_v hesselwood_n the_o principal_a seat_n of_o that_o worthy_a and_o right_o ancient_a family_n of_o the_o vavasour_n valvaforce_v who_o by_o their_o office_n for_o the_o king_n valvasors_n in_o time_n past_a they_o be_v take_v to_o they_o this_o name_n and_o in_o the_o latter_a day_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o sir_n william_n vavasor_n be_v call_v among_o other_o baron_n of_o the_o realm_n unto_o the_o high_a court_n of_o parliament_n as_o appear_z in_o the_o very_a writ_n as_o they_o call_v they_o of_o summons_n under_o this_o place_n lie_v that_o most_o famous_a delfe_n or_o quarry_n of_o stone_n petres-post_n call_v peter_n post_n for_o that_o with_o the_o stone_n hew_v out_o of_o it_o by_o the_o liberal_a grant_n of_o the_o vavasor_n that_o stately_a and_o sumptuous_a church_n of_o sant_n peter_n at_o york_n be_v re-edify_v from_o aberford_n the_o say_a riveret_n coc_fw-la speed_v immediate_o to_o the_o river_n wherf_n as_o it_o be_v sad_a sorrowful_a and_o with_o heavy_a cheer_n in_o detestation_n of_o all_o civil_a war_n since_o time_n that_o he_o run_v all_o die_v with_o english_a blood_n for_o upon_o his_o bank_n near_o unto_o towton_n a_o little_a country_n village_n be_v as_o i_o may_v true_o say_v that_o our_o english_a pharsalia_n in_o no_o place_n ever_o see_v our_o england_n such_o puissant_a force_n towton_n so_o much_o gentry_n and_o nobility_n together_o a_o hundred_o thousand_o fight_a man_n and_o no_o few_o of_o the_o one_o side_n and_o the_o other_o never_o be_v there_o leader_n and_o captain_n on_o both_o part_n more_o fierce_a hardy_a and_o resolute_a never_o more_o cheerful_a and_o forward_a to_o fight_v who_o upon_o palm_n sunday_n in_o the_o year_n 1461._o in_o battle_n array_n with_o banner_n display_v enter_v the_o field_n and_o encounter_v and_o when_o they_o have_v continue_v a_o doubtful_a and_o variable_a fight_n a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o day_n at_o length_n the_o lancastrian_n not_o able_a to_o abide_v any_o long_o the_o violence_n of_o their_o enemy_n the_o chief_a cause_n of_o who_o overthrow_n be_v the_o disorder_a unwealdinesse_n of_o their_o own_o army_n turn_v back_o and_o flee_v amain_o and_o those_o that_o take_v part_n with_o york_n be_v eager_a upon_o execution_n follow_v they_o in_o chase_n so_o hot_o that_o they_o have_v the_o kill_n of_o a_o number_n of_o nobleman_n and_o gentleman_n and_o thirty_o thousand_o englishman_n be_v that_o day_n leave_v dead_a in_o the_o field_n but_o i_o leave_v this_o to_o the_o historian_n somewhat_o low_o near_o unto_o shirburne_n at_o huddleston_n a_o little_a village_n be_v a_o famous_a stone_n quarry_n stone_n out_o of_o which_o the_o stone_n when_o they_o be_v new_o hew_v be_v very_o soft_a but_o after_o they_o be_v season_v with_o wind_n and_o weather_n they_o become_v of_o themselves_o exceed_v solid_a and_o hard_a but_o to_o return_v coc_n make_v no_o long_a course_n shed_v himself_o into_o wherf_n wherf_n this_o wherf_n or_o wharf_n in_o the_o english_a saxon_n language_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d come_v down_o out_o of_o craven_a and_o for_o a_o great_a while_n run_v in_o a_o parallel_a distance_n even_o with_o are._n if_o a_o man_n shall_v think_v the_o name_n to_o be_v wrest_v from_o the_o word_n guer_n which_o in_o british_a signify_v swift_a and_o violent_a very_o the_o nature_n of_o that_o river_n concur_v with_o his_o opinion_n for_o he_o run_v with_o a_o swift_a and_o speedy_a stream_n make_v a_o great_a noise_n as_o he_o go_v as_o if_o he_o be_v froward_a stubborn_a and_o angry_a and_o be_v make_v more_o fell_a and_o tasty_a with_o a_o number_n of_o stone_n lie_v in_o his_o channel_n which_o he_o roll_v and_o tumble_v before_o he_o in_o such_o sort_n that_o it_o be_v a_o wonder_n to_o see_v the_o manner_n of_o it_o but_o especial_o when_o he_o swell_v high_a in_o winter_n and_o very_o it_o be_v a_o troublesome_a river_n and_o dangerous_a even_o in_o summer_n time_n also_o which_o i_o myself_o have_v experience_n of_o not_o without_o some_o peril_n of_o my_o own_o when_o i_o first_o travail_v over_o this_o country_n for_o it_o have_v such_o slippery_a stone_n in_o it_o that_o a_o horse_n can_v have_v no_o sure_a foot_n on_o they_o or_o else_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o water_n carry_v they_o away_o from_o under_o his_o foot_n in_o all_o his_o long_a course_n which_o from_o the_o spring_n head_n unto_o ouse_n be_v almost_o fifty_o mile_n he_o pass_v only_o by_o little_a town_n of_o no_o especial_a account_n craâ—â—â—_n run_v down_o by_o kilnesey_n cragge_n the_o high_a and_o steep_a rock_n that_o ever_o i_o see_v in_o a_o midland_n country_n by_o burnsall_n where_o sir_n william_n craven_a knight_n and_o alderman_n of_o london_n there_o bear_v be_v now_o build_v of_o a_o stone_n bridge_n who_o also_o hard_o by_o of_o a_o pious_a mind_n and_o beneficial_a to_o his_o country_n have_v of_o late_o found_v a_o grammar_n school_n also_o by_o barden-towre_n a_o little_a turret_n belong_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o cumberland_n where_o there_o be_v round_o about_o good_a store_n of_o game_n and_o hunt_n of_o fat_a deer_n by_o bolton_n where_o sometime_o stand_v a_o little_a abbey_n by_o bethmesley_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o notable_a family_n of_o claphams_n out_o of_o which_o come_v john_n clapham_n a_o worthy_a warrior_n in_o the_o civil_a broil_n between_o lancaster_n and_o york_n from_o thence_o come_v he_o to_o ilekeley_n olicana_n which_o consider_v the_o site_n in_o respect_n of_o york_n out_o of_o ptolomee_o and_o the_o affinity_n of_o the_o name_n together_o i_o will_v judge_v to_o be_v olicana_n sure_o that_o it_o be_v a_o old_a town_n beside_o the_o column_n engrave_v with_o roman_a work_n lie_v in_o the_o churchyard_n and_o elsewhere_o and_o be_v in_o severus_n time_n re-edify_v by_o the_o mean_n of_o substitutione_n virius_n lupus_n lieutenant_n general_n and_o propraetor_n then_o of_o britain_n this_o inscription_n late_o dig_v up_o hard_o by_o the_o church_n do_v plain_o show_v in_o severus_n aug_n et_fw-fr antoninus_n caes._n destinatus_fw-la restituerunt_fw-la curante_fw-la virio_n lupo._n legato_n leg_n eorum_fw-la praetor_n pr._n pr._n that_o the_o second_o cohort_n of_o the_o lingones_n abide_v here_o a_o altar_n bear_v witness_v which_o i_o see_v there_o uphold_v now_o the_o stair_n of_o a_o house_n and_o have_v this_o inscription_n set_v upon_o it_o by_o the_o captain_n of_o the_o second_o cohort_n of_o the_o lingones_n to_o verbeia_n haply_o the_o nymph_n or_o goddess_n of_o wherf_n the_o river_n run_v thereby_o which_o river_n they_o call_v verbeia_n as_o i_o suppose_v out_o of_o so_o near_a affinity_n of_o the_o name_n verbeiae_n sacrum_fw-la clodius_n fronto_n praef_n coh_n two_o lingon_n for_o rivers_n as_o gildas_n write_v in_o that_o age_n have_v by_o the_o blind_a and_o ignorant_a people_n of_o britain_n divine_a honour_n heap_v upon_o they_o and_o seneca_n show_v that_o in_o time_n past_a altar_n
name_v celtae_n the_o greek_n term_v galatae_n of_o their_o milkwhite_a colour_n as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o or_o of_o their_o long_a bush_n of_o hair_n as_o i_o say_v erewhile_o so_o they_o that_o nominate_v themselves_o after_o their_o own_o language_n teutsch_n numidian_n and_o hellenes_n by_o the_o roman_n be_v name_v germane_a mauri_n and_o grecian_n even_o so_o in_o those_o day_n not_o to_o speak_v of_o many_o other_o they_o which_o in_o their_o own_o idiom_n be_v call_v muselman_n magier_n czecchi_n and_o besermans_n be_v by_o all_o nation_n in_o europe_n name_v turk_n hungarian_n bohemian_n and_o tartarian_n and_o even_o we_o ourselves_o in_o england_n call_v in_o our_o natural_a speech_n englishman_n be_v name_v by_o the_o welshman_n britain_n irishman_n and_o the_o high-land_n scot_n sasson_n that_o be_v to_o say_v saxon_n by_o the_o same_o reason_n we_o be_v to_o deem_v that_o our_o ancestor_n which_o term_v themselves_o cumero_fw-la be_v upon_o some_o other_o cause_n either_o by_o themselves_o or_o other_o name_v britain_n from_o whence_o the_o greek_n frame_v their_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o deliver_v the_o same_o as_o it_o be_v from_o hand_n to_o hand_n unto_o the_o roman_n this_o ground_n be_v lay_v let_v we_o inquire_v now_o into_o the_o name_n of_o our_o island_n as_o for_o the_o name_n albion_n i_o pass_v not_o much_o albion_n consider_v that_o the_o greek_n give_v it_o to_o this_o isle_n for_o difference_n sake_n see_v that_o all_o the_o island_n border_v round_o about_o it_o be_v call_v britanish_a and_o britain_n the_o island_n britain_n say_v pliny_n renown_v in_o the_o greek_a record_n and_o we_o both_o lie_v betwixt_o north_n and_o west_n over_o against_o germany_n france_n and_o spain_n but_o with_o a_o great_a distance_n between_o they_o they_o be_v the_o great_a part_n by_o far_o of_o all_o europe_n britanniâ—_n albion_n it_o have_v to_o name_v when_o all_o the_o isle_n adjacent_a be_v call_v britanny_n whereupon_o catullus_n write_v against_o caesar_n say_v thus_o hunc_fw-la galliae_fw-la timent_fw-la timent_fw-la britanniae_fw-la he_o gaul_n do_v fear_n he_o britain_n dread_v who_o also_o in_o the_o same_o train_n of_o verse_n call_v it_o the_o utmost_a isle_n of_o the_o west_n and_o it_o may_v seem_v that_o this_o name_n albion_n caâ—ul_n spring_v from_o the_o vanity_n the_o fabulous_a invention_n and_o that_o unconstant_a levity_n of_o the_o greek_n in_o coin_v of_o name_n which_o they_o themselves_o term_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o see_v they_o have_v in_o fabulous_a wife_n name_v italy_n hesperia_n of_o hesperus_n the_o son_n of_o atlas_n france_n gallatia_n of_o a_o son_n of_o polyphemus_n i_o can_v otherwise_o believe_v but_o that_o in_o the_o same_o vein_n also_o of_o fable_a they_o call_v this_o island_n albion_n of_o albion_n neptune_n son_n which_o thing_n perottus_fw-la and_o lilius_fw-la giraldus_n have_v put_v down_o in_o writing_n unless_o a_o man_n will_v derive_v it_o rather_o of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o as_o festus_n witness_v in_o greek_a signify_v white_a whereupon_o the_o alps_n also_o have_v their_o appellation_n for_o environ_v it_o be_v with_o white_a rock_n which_o cicero_n term_v mirificas_fw-la mole_n that_o be_v wondrous_a pile_n and_o hereof_o it_o be_v that_o upon_o the_o coin_a piece_n bear_v the_o stamp_n of_o antoninus_n pius_n and_o severus_n britain_n britain_n be_v portray_v sit_v upon_o rock_n in_o woman_n habit_n and_o the_o british_a poet_n themselves_o name_v it_o inis_fw-la wen_n that_o be_v the_o white_a isle_n to_o say_v nothing_o of_o orpheus_n in_o his_o argonautick_n if_o so_o be_v they_o be_v his_o who_o call_v the_o island_n next_o unto_o hibernia_n or_o irënis_n that_o be_v ireland_n which_o must_v needs_o be_v this_o of_o we_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v the_o white_a land_n and_o which_o a_o few_o verse_n before_o he_o may_v seem_v to_o have_v name_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d fracastorius_fw-la also_o writing_n how_o that_o pestilent_a day-fever_n in_o britain_n which_o common_o we_o call_v the_o british_a or_o english_a sweat_n happen_v by_o occasion_n of_o the_o soil_n sickness_n as_o if_o the_o same_o have_v stand_v much_o upon_o plaster_n suppose_v that_o this_o island_n get_v the_o name_n albion_n of_o the_o say_v plaisterish_a soil_n as_o for_o that_o pretty_a tale_n how_o albion_n be_v also_o call_v of_o albina_n one_o of_o those_o thirty_o daughter_n of_o dioclesian_n the_o king_n of_o syria_n which_o at_o their_o very_a wedding_n solemnity_n slay_v their_o husband_n and_o be_v bring_v hither_o by_o ship_n without_o rower_n take_v possession_n of_o this_o island_n first_o and_o conceive_v by_o spirit_n bring_v forth_o a_o breed_n of_o giant_n who_o can_v abide_v to_o hear_v it_o without_o indignation_n as_o the_o most_o loud_o lie_v of_o some_o lewd_a lozel_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o cause_n wherefore_o i_o shall_v so_o curious_o search_v why_o britain_n in_o that_o ancient_a caeruli_n parodia_n against_o ventidius_n bassus_n be_v name_v insula_n caeruli_n consider_v that_o it_o be_v compass_v round_o about_o with_o the_o ocean_n which_o the_o poet_n call_v caerulus_fw-la and_o caerulum_fw-la whereupon_o claudian_n of_o britain_n write_v thus_o cujus_fw-la vestigîa_fw-la verrit_fw-la caerulus_fw-la who_o foot_n the_o azure_a sea_n do_v sweep_v i_o pass_v over_o to_o speak_v of_o aristides_n who_o name_v it_o the_o great_a and_o the_o further_a island_n that_o it_o be_v call_v also_o romania_n romania_n gildas_n after_o a_o sort_n do_v intimate_v who_o write_v that_o subdue_v it_o be_v of_o the_o roman_n so_o as_o that_o the_o name_n of_o roman_a servitude_n stick_v to_o the_o soil_n thereof_o and_o by_o and_o by_o after_o so_o as_o it_o may_v not_o be_v count_v britannia_n but_o romania_n and_o one_o or_o two_o page_n after_o speak_v of_o the_o same_o the_o island_n quoth_v he_o keep_v indeed_o the_o roman_a name_n but_o neither_o their_o custom_n nor_o law_n and_o prosper_v aquitanus_n in_o express_a word_n call_v it_o the_o roman_a island_n hereto_o may_v be_v refer_v also_o thus_o much_o that_o when_o the_o statute_n of_o tacitus_n and_o florianus_n the_o emperor_n be_v by_o lightning_n overthrow_v the_o soothsayer_n answer_v out_o of_o their_o learning_n florianum_n that_o a_o emperor_n shall_v arise_v out_o of_o their_o family_n who_o among_o other_o thing_n be_v to_o set_v precedent_n over_o taprobane_n and_o to_o send_v a_o proconsul_n to_o the_o roman_a island_n which_o the_o learned_a understand_v of_o our_o britain_n that_o be_v a_o province_n samothea_n praesidiall_a and_o never_o proconsular_a as_o afterward_o we_o will_v declare_v but_o that_o sometime_o it_o be_v name_v samothea_n of_o samothe_n the_o six_o son_n of_o japhet_n believe_v it_o who_o that_o will_n for_o i_o out_o of_o who_o shop_n and_o forge_v this_o come_v i_o wot_v full_a well_o even_o from_o 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commend_v rather_o for_o it_o to_o derive_v the_o name_n of_o britain_n otherwise_o than_o from_o brutus_n let_v it_o not_o be_v impute_v as_o a_o heinous_a offence_n unto_o i_o who_o be_o unwilling_a to_o impugn_v the_o story_n of_o brutus_n to_o deduce_v it_o from_o somewhat_o else_o if_o i_o can_v and_o that_o out_o of_o the_o very_a british_a tongue_n and_o from_o nothing_o else_o which_o as_o it_o be_v least_o mingle_v with_o other_o language_n and_o withal_o most_o ancient_a so_o in_o this_o search_n it_o seem_v great_o to_o help_v and_o further_o we_o for_o ancient_a tongue_n be_v repute_v pass_v necessary_a for_o the_o search_v out_o of_o original_n and_o plato_n teach_v we_o that_o the_o first_o name_n be_v through_o the_o long_a continuance_n of_o time_n grow_v out_o of_o use_n cratylus_n be_v preserve_v in_o barbarous_a tongue_n as_o be_v more_o ancient_a than_o other_o and_o although_o those_o thing_n so_o
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they_o can_v endure_v tax_n and_o impost_n which_o now_o
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