of_o the_o council_n of_o nice_a this_o letter_n bear_v date_n march_v the_o 21_o 453._o s._n leo_n be_v oblige_v to_o write_v it_o for_o the_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o emperor_n who_o have_v require_v he_o to_o give_v his_o approbation_n plain_o to_o that_o which_o have_v be_v define_v in_o the_o council_n of_o chalcedon_n for_o fear_n lest_o he_o shall_v take_v a_o occasion_n to_o oppose_v the_o council_n because_o the_o pope_n will_v not_o acknowledge_v the_o right_n which_o he_o have_v grant_v to_o anatolius_n this_o s._n leo_n himself_o testify_v in_o the_o follow_a letter_n to_o julian_n of_o coos_n wherein_o he_o praise_v the_o zeal_n of_o the_o emperor_n and_o empress_n who_o have_v restrain_v the_o insolence_n of_o some_o monk_n he_o also_o tell_v he_o that_o the_o emperor_n ha_v private_o bid_v he_o to_o admonish_v the_o empress_n he_o write_v present_o to_o she_o and_o he_o desire_v he_o to_o let_v he_o know_v what_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o his_o letter_n and_o if_o in_o short_a she_o have_v approve_v of_o his_o doctrine_n or_o rather_o s._n athanasius_n theophilus_n and_o s._n cyril_n as_o to_o the_o business_n of_o aetius_n he_o say_v that_o he_o much_o commiserate_v his_o affliction_n but_o he_o think_v he_o must_v bear_v it_o patient_o for_o fear_v he_o seem_v to_o carry_v thing_n too_o high_a in_o fine_a he_o tell_v he_o that_o anatolius_n persist_v in_o his_o claim_n and_o that_o he_o understand_v by_o the_o messenger_n that_o bring_v he_o the_o news_n of_o the_o ordination_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o thessalonica_n that_o he_o will_v make_v the_o bishop_n of_o illyria_n to_o subscribe_v it_o for_o this_o reason_n it_o be_v that_o he_o do_v not_o write_v to_o they_o although_o '_o julian_n have_v desire_v he_o to_o do_v it_o because_o he_o know_v by_o that_o that_o he_o will_v not_o be_v amend_v by_o it_o he_o send_v he_o two_o copy_n of_o the_o precedent_a letter_n the_o one_o by_o itself_o the_o other_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o letter_n which_o be_v write_v to_o anatolius_n that_o he_o may_v give_v that_o to_o the_o emperor_n which_o he_o think_v most_o convenient_a in_o the_o eighty_o nine_o he_o write_v to_o the_o emperor_n about_o that_o which_o he_o require_v of_o he_o to_o give_v his_o approbation_n of_o what_o the_o council_n of_o chalcedon_n have_v define_v concern_v the_o faith_n he_o assure_v he_o that_o he_o have_v approve_v it_o already_o when_o he_o write_v to_o anatolius_n but_o that_o that_o bishop_n will_v not_o publish_v his_o letter_n because_o he_o therein_o reprove_v his_o ambition_n he_o thank_v god_n that_o he_o have_v give_v they_o a_o emperor_n who_o know_v how_o to_o join_v the_o priestly_a vigour_n and_o royal_a power_n together_o perhaps_o you_o will_v wonder_v at_o this_o expression_n but_o as_o f._n quesnel_n have_v already_o observe_v there_o be_v many_o such_o in_o s._n leo_n letter_n constantine_n assume_v to_o himself_o the_o title_n of_o a_o outward_a bishop_n of_o the_o church_n the_o father_n of_o the_o council_n of_o chalcedon_n and_o of_o constantinople_n under_o flavian_n have_v not_o scruple_v in_o their_o acclamation_n of_o praise_n to_o the_o emperor_n to_o give_v they_o the_o title_n of_o bishop_n s._n leo_n also_o commend_v marcian_n because_o he_o take_v upon_o he_o to_o maintain_v the_o decree_n of_o the_o council_n of_o nice_a and_o that_o he_o have_v suppress_v the_o commotion_n of_o the_o monk_n last_o he_o assure_v he_o that_o he_o have_v declare_v his_o judgement_n of_o the_o council_n of_o chalcedon_n in_o obedience_n to_o his_o command_n he_o say_v a_o little_a after_o the_o same_o thing_n to_o pulcheria_n in_o the_o nineti_v letter_n dated_n march_v the_o 21_o 453._o in_o the_o ninety_o first_n write_v to_o julian_n bishop_n of_o coos_n he_o tell_v he_o that_o he_o have_v omit_v nothing_o that_o he_o be_v able_a to_o do_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o church_n cause_n that_o it_o belong_v to_o the_o emperor_n to_o suppress_v the_o disturber_n 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be_v vigilant_a over_o the_o church_n of_o the_o east_n but_o more_o especial_o over_o those_o which_o the_o council_n of_o nice_a have_v entrust_v he_o withal_o to_o prevent_v that_o heresy_n be_v not_o establish_v in_o they_o and_o that_o he_o may_v be_v able_a to_o do_v this_o with_o the_o great_a authority_n he_o advise_v he_o to_o maintain_v the_o right_n which_o the_o council_n of_o nice_a have_v allow_v his_o church_n and_o preserve_v to_o himself_o the_o three_o place_n that_o he_o will_v easy_o gain_v his_o end_n by_o do_v so_o because_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o the_o order_n establish_v by_o the_o inviolable_a canon_n of_o the_o council_n of_o nice_n shall_v be_v overthrow_v that_o ambition_n may_v prompt_v to_o make_v a_o change_n as_o it_o already_o have_v happen_v in_o the_o council_n where_o juvenal_n endeavour_v to_o usurp_v the_o primary_n of_o palestine_n and_o attempt_v to_o ground_v his_o pretension_n upon_o some_o supposititious_a write_n and_o that_o s._n cyril_n be_v afraid_a of_o that_o enterprise_n have_v write_v to_o he_o but_o that_o whatsoever_o constitution_n be_v make_v thereupon_o against_o those_o of_o the_o council_n of_o nice_a whensoever_o a_o more_o numerous_a council_n shall_v meet_v it_o will_v not_o nor_o aught_o to_o be_v valid_a that_o if_o his_o legate_n have_v consent_v to_o any_o decree_n of_o the_o council_n of_o chalcedon_n which_o do_v not_o concern_v doctrine_n he_o declare_v it_o null_a because_o he_o have_v send_v they_o for_o no_o other_o end_n but_o to_o defend_v the_o faith_n of_o the_o church_n against_o heresy_n that_o all_o that_o have_v be_v handle_v in_o the_o synod_n of_o bishop_n except_z what_o concern_v the_o faith_n may_v not_o be_v receive_v if_o it_o do_v not_o agree_v with_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o council_n of_o nice_a that_o he_o will_v see_v by_o the_o copy_n of_o the_o letter_n write_v to_o anatolius_n how_o vigorous_o he_o defend_v the_o council_n of_o nice_a last_o he_o advertise_v maximus_n to_o prohibit_v the_o monk_n and_o lay-man_n from_o preach_v and_o so_o much_o the_o more_o because_o it_o belong_v to_o the_o bishop_n only_o to_o do_v it_o this_o letter_n be_v of_o the_o 10_o of_o june_n in_o the_o ninety_o three_o letter_n to_o theodoret_n he_o in_o the_o first_o place_n testify_v the_o joy_n which_o he_o have_v when_o he_o understand_v by_o the_o legate_n which_o he_o have_v send_v to_o the_o council_n of_o chalcedon_n that_o the_o catholic_n faith_n have_v triumph_v over_o the_o error_n of_o the_o nestorian_n and_o eutychian_o and_o that_o the_o council_n have_v confirm_v by_o its_o judgement_n which_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o amendment_n the_o doctrine_n which_o he_o have_v assert_v these_o word_n be_v very_o remarkable_a because_o they_o evident_o prove_v to_o we_o that_o there_o be_v no_o judgement_n but_o that_o of_o a_o universal_a council_n which_o may_v not_o be_v re-examined_a and_o that_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o pope_n himself_o be_v subject_a to_o amendment_n this_o be_v it_o that_o make_v he_o add_v that_o he_o be_v not_o trouble_v that_o some_o people_n will_v not_o accept_v the_o judgement_n which_o he_o have_v give_v to_o evidence_n that_o the_o acknowledgement_n which_o the_o other_o see_v have_v make_v of_o his_o supremacy_n as_o give_v to_o he_o by_o god_n be_v not_o mere_a flattery_n that_o the_o opposition_n which_o the_o truth_n have_v meet_v withal_o upon_o that_o occasion_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o some_o good_a because_o the_o divine_a favour_n be_v more_o thankful_o acknowledge_v when_o they_o be_v obtain_v with_o difficulty_n and_o god_n providence_n bring_v we_o to_o the_o fruition_n of_o good_a by_o a_o kind_n of_o evil._n that_o the_o truth_n be_v make_v clear_a and_o uphold_v itself_o with_o the_o great_a strength_n when_o the_o examination_n confirm_v that_o
use_v only_o honest_a way_n of_o get_v last_o he_o exhort_v he_o not_o to_o believe_v light_o what_o shall_v be_v tell_v he_o against_o his_o clergy_n not_o to_o proceed_v against_o they_o with_o passion_n but_o only_o by_o canonical_a way_n the_o bishop_n can_v by_o testament_n dispose_v of_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o church_n nor_o of_o the_o purchase_n make_v while_o he_o be_v bishop_n b._n 5._o ep._n 1._o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o church_n ought_v to_o be_v employ_v for_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o poor_a without_o reserve_v any_o thing_n for_o the_o future_a by_o a_o dangerous_a precaution_n b._n 8._o ep._n 20._o in_o the_o extreme_a necessity_n of_o the_o poor_a the_o sacred_a vessel_n and_o that_o which_o serve_v for_o minister_a in_o holy_a thing_n aught_o to_o be_v sell_v but_o all_o the_o ready_a money_n must_v be_v first_o disburse_v b._n 6._o ep._n 13_o 35_o 66._o the_o right_n or_o the_o church_n must_v be_v maintain_v the_o possession_n which_o belong_v to_o it_o must_v be_v defend_v and_o recover_v but_o this_o must_v not_o be_v do_v with_o all_o the_o rigour_n that_o be_v possible_a it_o be_v even_o better_a to_o lose_v something_o and_o abandon_v a_o part_n of_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o church_n then_o to_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o ruin_n to_o the_o poor_a b._n 7._o ind._n 2._o ep._n 23._o when_o there_o be_v room_n for_o doubt_v whether_o the_o good_n belong_v to_o the_o church_n or_o no_o it_o be_v best_o to_o yield_v the_o governor_n of_o hospital_n give_v a_o account_n of_o their_o revenue_n to_o the_o bishop_n b._n 3._o ep._n 24._o it_o belong_v to_o the_o bishop_n to_o take_v care_n of_o these_o revenue_n b._n 3._o ep._n 24._o b._n 8._o ep._n 20._o when_o he_o can_v do_v it_o by_o himself_o he_o must_v appoint_v a_o steward_n for_o it_o b._n 11._o ep._n 57_o of_o the_o patrimony_n of_o st._n peter_n in_o the_o time_n of_o st._n gregory_n the_o church_n of_o rome_n have_v many_o possession_n in_o land_n not_o only_o in_o italy_n and_o sicily_n but_o also_o in_o france_n in_o dalmatia_n in_o illyricum_n etc._n etc._n these_o possession_n be_v call_v the_o patrimony_n of_o st._n peter_n they_o be_v manage_v and_o administer_v by_o the_o person_n call_v defensores_fw-la i._n e._n warden_n who_o give_v a_o account_n of_o they_o st._n gregory_n employ_v the_o revenue_n of_o these_o patrimony_n in_o work_n of_o piety_n he_o desire_v that_o his_o right_n may_v not_o be_v exact_v with_o rigour_n nor_o any_o new_a tax_n impose_v his_o warden_n have_v their_o prerogative_n and_o jurisdiction_n in_o gaul_n they_o inspect_v the_o chapel_n and_o abbey_n these_o thing_n may_v be_v prove_v by_o many_o letter_n see_v b._n 1._o ep._n 1_o 2_o 23_o 37_o 38_o 39_o 42_o 44_o 58._o b._n 2._o ep._n 1._o ind._n 10_o 17._o ind._n 11._o ep._n 17_o 33._o b._n 5._o ep._n 5_o 6_o 10._o b._n 9_o ep._n 65._o in_o this_o last_o he_o speak_v of_o the_o right_n of_o inspect_v chapel_n and_o abbey_n of_o the_o celibacy_n of_o clergyman_n st_n gregory_n take_v it_o ill_o that_o the_o subdeacons_a of_o sicily_n be_v oblige_v to_o abstain_v from_o their_o wife_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n this_o law_n appear_v to_o he_o harsh_a and_o unreasonable_a because_o they_o find_v not_o continence_n establish_v by_o any_o law_n for_o they_o and_o they_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o keep_v it_o before_o they_o be_v ordain_v he_o fear_v lest_o something_o worse_a shall_v happen_v if_o this_o yoke_n be_v impose_v upon_o they_o he_o order_n that_o none_o shall_v be_v ordain_v for_o the_o future_a who_o do_v not_o promise_v to_o live_v in_o continence_n he_o declare_v that_o those_o who_o have_v observe_v the_o prohibition_n make_v three_o year_n ago_o deserve_v to_o be_v commend_v but_o he_o will_v not_o have_v those_o depose_v who_o have_v break_v they_o although_o he_o forbid_v to_o promote_v they_o to_o holy_a order_n he_o declare_v in_o letter_n 34_o of_o book_n 3_o that_o he_o will_v put_v in_o execution_n the_o order_n of_o the_o pope_n his_o predecessor_n about_o the_o continence_n of_o the_o subdeacons_a and_o that_o those_o who_o be_v marry_v shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o abstain_v from_o it_o or_o else_o to_o forsake_v the_o service_n of_o the_o altar_n he_o will_v not_o have_v the_o wife_n punish_v of_o those_o who_o desire_v rather_o to_o quit_v the_o service_n then_o renounce_v they_o nor_o the_o woman_n hinder_v from_o marry_v again_o after_o their_o death_n he_o order_n that_o for_o the_o future_a no_o sub-deacon_a shall_v be_v make_v who_o be_v not_o oblige_v before_o hand_n to_o observe_v celibacy_n he_o enjoin_v the_o bishop_n of_o tarentum_n who_o have_v a_o concubine_n voluntary_o to_o resign_v the_o bishopric_n and_o to_o do_v a_o reasonable_a penance_n if_o he_o have_v keep_v company_n with_o she_o since_o he_o be_v a_o bishop_n b._n 2._o ind._n 11._o ep._n 4._o he_o forbid_v clergyman_n very_o severe_o to_o keep_v strange_a woman_n in_o their_o house_n and_o also_o exhort_v they_o not_o to_o keep_v those_o which_o be_v except_v by_o the_o canon_n b._n 1._o ep._n 50._o b._n 7._o ind._n 2._o ep._n 39_o b._n 3._o ep._n 26._o b._n 11._o ep._n 42_o &_o 43._o he_o implore_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o prince_n against_o disorderly_a clergyman_n who_o keep_v woman_n in_o their_o house_n b._n 9_o ep._n 64._o he_o forbid_v to_o ordain_v a_o deacon_n bishop_n who_o have_v a_o very_a young_a daughter_n by_o who_o age_n it_o manifest_o appear_v that_o he_o have_v not_o long_o observe_v continence_n b._n 8._o ep._n 11._o against_o simony_n st_n gregory_n forbid_v to_o take_v any_o thing_n for_o ordination_n for_o marriage_n and_o for_o admission_n into_o a_o religion_n house_n or_o for_o any_o ecclesiastical_a office_n b._n 3._o ep._n 24._o b._n 4._o ep._n 44_o 55_o 56._o b._n 7._o ind._n 2._o ep._n 110._o or_o even_o for_o burial_n b._n 7._o ind._n 1._o ep._n 4._o except_o what_o the_o kinsman_n or_o heir_n offer_v voluntary_o for_o the_o light_n b._n 7._o ind._n 2._o ep._n 56._o he_o forbid_v the_o bishop_n of_o sicily_n to_o take_v any_o thing_n above_o the_o usual_a rate_n for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o infant_n pro_fw-la confirmandis_fw-la infantibus_fw-la b._n 11._o ep._n 22._o nor_o for_o the_o funeral_n b._n 7._o ind._n 1._o ep._n 4._o he_o be_v so_o afraid_a leave_v it_o shall_v be_v think_v that_o he_o exact_v any_o thing_n from_o the_o suffragan_n bishop_n that_o he_o will_v not_o suffer_v the_o church_n to_o send_v he_o the_o annual_a present_n according_a to_o custom_n b._n 1._o ep._n 64._o simony_n be_v very_o common_a in_o his_o time_n in_o the_o east_n and_o in_o greece_n b._n 5._o ep._n 11._o b._n 4._o ep._n 55._o b._n 9_o ep._n 40._o b._n 11._o ep._n 48._o in_o sicily_n b._n 7._o ind._n 1._o ep._n 4_o 56._o in_o afric_n b._n 10._o ep._n 32._o but_o chief_o in_o the_o gaul_n b._n 7._o ind._n 2._o ep._n 111_o &_o 114_o 115._o b._n 9_o ep._n 49_o 50_o 51._o and_o the_o follow_a letter_n he_o write_v earnest_o to_o bishop_n and_o king_n that_o they_o will_v put_v a_o stop_n to_o this_o disorder_n by_o forbid_v it_o ibid._n of_o the_o submission_n due_a to_o prince_n st_n gregory_n give_v proof_n of_o his_o submission_n to_o the_o order_n of_o the_o emperor_n in_o ep._n 62._o of_o ind._n 11._o b._n 2._o mauritius_n have_v direct_v to_o he_o a_o law_n which_o contain_v three_o article_n by_o the_o first_o it_o be_v forbid_v to_o receive_v those_o into_o the_o clergy_n who_o be_v engage_v in_o any_o public_a administration_n st._n gregory_n find_v no_o fault_n with_o this_o article_n but_o as_o to_o the_o second_o wherein_o they_o be_v forbid_v to_o enter_v into_o a_o monastery_n he_o find_v it_o unreasonable_a because_o the_o monastery_n may_v discharge_v the_o debt_n of_o these_o person_n and_o make_v up_o their_o account_n beside_o that_o it_o be_v to_o be_v presume_v that_o one_o who_o desire_v sincere_o to_o be_v convert_v will_v take_v order_n with_o his_o affair_n neither_o do_v he_o approve_v the_o three_o head_n which_o forbid_v those_o which_o have_v be_v design_v for_o the_o militia_n to_o enter_v into_o a_o monastery_n he_o make_v his_o remonstrance_n with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o respect_n and_o declare_v to_o the_o emperor_n that_o he_o do_v not_o suffer_v this_o law_n to_o be_v publish_v and_o that_o herein_o he_o have_v do_v his_o duty_n as_o a_o subject_a and_o as_o a_o bishop_n as_o a_o subject_a in_o obey_v his_o prince_n as_o a_o bishop_n in_o make_v his_o most_o humble_a remonstrance_n utrobique_fw-la quod_fw-la debui_fw-la exolvi_fw-la &_o imperatori_fw-la obedientiam_fw-la praebui_fw-la &_o pro_fw-la deo_fw-la quod_fw-la sensi_fw-la minime_fw-la tacui_fw-la when_o phocas_n invade_v the_o empire_n
not_o real_o so_o and_o that_o those_o who_o believe_v themselves_o to_o be_v arrive_v at_o the_o high_a degree_n of_o perfection_n have_v oftentimes_o fall_v into_o sin_n i_o pass_v over_o the_o 38th_o because_o that_o be_v entire_a among_o the_o little_a tract_n of_o mark_n the_o hermit_n in_o the_o 39th_o he_o say_v it_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o read_v the_o scripture_n if_o we_o do_v not_o make_v improvement_n by_o it_o in_o the_o 40th_o he_o prove_v that_o there_o be_v a_o concatenation_n of_o virtue_n one_o with_o another_o and_o that_o there_o be_v the_o same_o in_o vice_n he_o answer_v also_o three_o question_n and_o in_o his_o answer_n he_o say_v that_o there_o be_v different_a degree_n of_o damnation_n and_o that_o great_a sinner_n shall_v be_v more_o punish_v than_o those_o that_o have_v not_o commit_v so_o great_a crime_n that_o the_o quiet_a state_n of_o some_o soul_n do_v not_o hinder_v they_o from_o exercise_v charity_n that_o grace_n and_o a_o inclination_n to_o sin_n may_v be_v find_v together_o in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o soul_n at_o the_o same_o time_n in_o the_o 41st_o he_o describe_v the_o improvement_n of_o grace_n in_o a_o soul_n and_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o none_o can_v preserve_v this_o disposition_n of_o grow_v in_o grace_n without_o humility_n in_o the_o 42d_o he_o say_v that_o nothing_o but_o the_o action_n of_o man_n can_v be_v hurtful_a or_o useful_a unto_o they_o in_o the_o 43d_o he_o speak_v of_o the_o different_a improvement_n of_o those_o that_o strive_v against_o sin_n but_o it_o be_v so_o obscure_a that_o hardly_o any_o thing_n can_v be_v understand_v in_o it_o the_o 44th_o be_v of_o the_o change_n that_o jesus_n christ_n wrought_v in_o we_o and_o the_o manner_n how_o he_o heal_v our_o soul_n he_o continue_v the_o same_o subject_a in_o the_o follow_a homily_n and_o explain_v by_o many_o comparison_n the_o union_n of_o the_o soul_n with_o god_n in_o the_o 46th_o he_o say_v that_o a_o sick_a soul_n may_v have_v recourse_n to_o a_o physician_n to_o pray_v and_o request_v his_o help_n and_o when_o the_o heavenly_a physician_n come_v to_o its_o assistance_n he_o join_v himself_o to_o it_o to_o enlighten_v and_o conduct_v it_o and_o make_v it_o his_o spouse_n the_o 47th_o contain_v many_o allegorical_a explication_n of_o the_o law_n of_o moses_n which_o he_o apply_v to_o the_o different_a state_n of_o the_o soul_n in_o the_o 48th_o he_o say_v that_o those_o who_o have_v a_o true_a faith_n of_o heavenly_a thing_n ought_v not_o to_o have_v their_o affection_n fix_v on_o thing_n of_o this_o earth_n and_o that_o those_o who_o retire_v from_o the_o world_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v solicitous_a or_o anxious_a about_o the_o thing_n thereof_o in_o short_a he_o will_v not_o have_v the_o monk_n make_v use_v of_o any_o medicine_n to_o help_v they_o in_o their_o disease_n but_o to_o put_v their_o whole_a trust_n in_o jesus_n christ._n in_o the_o 49th_o he_o show_v that_o it_o be_v not_o enough_o to_o have_v 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of_o spirit_n and_o some_o apophthegm_n of_o the_o father_n it_o be_v plain_a that_o the_o author_n of_o the_o 50_o homily_n be_v the_o author_n of_o these_o treatise_n for_o there_o be_v the_o same_o genius_n in_o they_o both_o he_o have_v the_o same_o notion_n and_o the_o same_o style_n he_o discourse_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n of_o grace_n and_o freewill_n and_o he_o maintain_v in_o these_o seven_o treatise_n as_o well_o as_o the_o author_n of_o the_o homily_n that_o angel_n and_o soul_n be_v body_n but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o certain_a that_o these_o be_v the_o work_n of_o macarius_n the_o disciple_n of_o st._n anthony_n and_o i_o think_v it_o be_v more_o probable_a that_o they_o be_v make_v by_o a_o late_a monk_n whoever_o be_v the_o author_n his_o style_n be_v simple_a and_o one_o may_v see_v that_o he_o be_v a_o good_a hermit_n who_o speak_v from_o his_o heart_n without_o affectation_n and_o ornament_n and_o oftentimes_o even_o without_o order_n he_o allegorize_v all_o and_o 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of_o the_o abbot_n isaiah_n this_o abbot_n be_v probable_o he_o who_o ruffinus_n and_o palladius_n mention_n and_o call_v the_o abbot_n of_o syria_n there_o be_v also_o under_o the_o name_n of_o the_o same_o isaiah_n some_o remark_n upon_o a_o religious_a life_n publish_v by_o possinus_n at_o the_o same_o time_n there_o live_v one_o mark_n a_o hermit_n who_o dwell_v in_o the_o desert_n of_o the_o cell_n and_o live_v almost_o a_o hundred_o year_n to_o who_o some_o book_n be_v attribute_v which_o probable_o belong_v to_o another_o mark_n who_o live_v long_o after_o i_o shall_v say_v nothing_o at_o present_a of_o the_o discourse_n the_o answer_n and_o admonition_n of_o the_o other_o hermit_n of_o this_o time_n because_o they_o may_v be_v see_v in_o ruffinus_n palladius_n and_o other_o author_n who_o have_v write_v their_o life_n
synod_n that_o basil_n of_o ancyra_n and_o those_o of_o his_o party_n do_v not_o differ_v from_o they_o that_o profess_v the_o consubstantiality_n but_o only_o in_o word_n and_o therefore_o st._n hilary_n and_o philastrius_n call_v the_o bishop_n of_o the_o council_n of_o sirmium_n that_o be_v hold_v against_o photinus_n whereof_o basil_n of_o ancyra_n be_v the_o chief_a orthodox_n and_o holy_a bishop_n liberius_n liberius_n succeed_v pope_n julius_n in_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n in_o the_o year_n 352._o he_o protest_v in_o one_o of_o his_o letter_n that_o it_o be_v much_o against_o his_o will_n that_o he_o be_v promote_v to_o this_o dignity_n in_o the_o liberius_n liberius_n fragment_n of_o st._n hilary_n there_o be_v a_o letter_n attribute_v to_o this_o pope_n which_o be_v write_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o east_n soon_o after_o his_o elevation_n to_o the_o pontificate_n wherein_o he_o acquaint_v they_o that_o he_o have_v send_v to_o st._n athanasius_n three_o priest_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n luke_n paul_n and_o aelianus_n to_o cite_v he_o to_o rome_n that_o judgement_n may_v be_v give_v about_o his_o cause_n according_a to_o the_o discipline_n of_o the_o church_n that_o he_o have_v also_o direct_v another_o letter_n to_o he_o wherein_o he_o acquaint_v he_o that_o in_o case_n he_o do_v not_o come_v to_o rome_n he_o will_v declare_v he_o excommunicate_v from_o the_o roman_a church_n he_o add_v that_o these_o priest_n be_v return_v and_o have_v inform_v he_o that_o athanasius_n refuse_v to_o come_v he_o have_v follow_v the_o judgement_n that_o the_o eastern_a bishop_n give_v against_o he_o that_o he_o will_v communicate_v with_o they_o and_o all_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o catholic_n church_n that_o on_o the_o contrary_a athanasius_n be_v fall_v from_o his_o communion_n as_o well_o as_o from_o that_o of_o the_o roman_a church_n and_o from_o all_o correspondence_n with_o it_o by_o letter_n this_o be_v the_o substance_n of_o this_o letter_n attribute_v to_o liberius_n which_o will_v not_o be_v much_o for_o his_o advantage_n if_o it_o be_v real_o he_o but_o i_o think_v it_o be_v very_o probable_a that_o he_o never_o write_v any_o such_o thing_n and_o that_o this_o epistle_n be_v forge_v by_o he_o that_o make_v the_o collection_n of_o the_o fragment_n of_o st._n hilary_n for_o first_o be_v it_o any_o way_n credible_a that_o liberius_n shall_v excommunicate_v st._n athanasius_n without_o any_o cause_n and_o without_o any_o regard_n to_o the_o judgement_n of_o his_o predecessor_n or_o to_o that_o of_o the_o council_n of_o sardica_n second_o the_o author_n of_o this_o letter_n say_v that_o the_o eastern_a bishop_n have_v write_v to_o julius_n against_o st._n athanasius_n without_o mention_v the_o judgement_n which_o this_o pope_n give_v in_o his_o favour_n three_o st._n athanasius_n never_o complain_v that_o liberius_n have_v excommunicate_v he_o before_o he_o be_v banish_v but_o on_o the_o contrary_a he_o suppose_v that_o he_o be_v always_o for_o he_o till_o he_o subscribe_v in_o the_o place_n of_o his_o banishment_n four_o the_o word_n of_o st._n hilary_n which_o follow_v this_o letter_n have_v no_o connexion_n with_o the_o content_n of_o it_o and_o plain_o show_v that_o he_o refer_v to_o a_o quite_o different_a letter_n the_o word_n be_v these_o be_v not_o this_o a_o very_a holy_a letter_n what_o do_v it_o contain_v in_o it_o that_o proceed_v not_o from_o a_o spirit_n full_a of_o the_o fear_n of_o god_n but_o potamius_n and_o epictetus_n desire_v to_o condemn_v the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n as_o be_v say_v in_o the_o synod_n of_o ariminum_n will_v not_o obey_v he_o and_o though_o fortunatianus_n send_v this_o letter_n to_o many_o bishop_n he_o lose_v his_o labour_n now_o be_v it_o credible_a that_o st._n hilary_n shall_v so_o commend_v a_o letter_n that_o contain_v the_o condemnation_n of_o st._n athanasius_n what_o he_o add_v do_v yet_o more_o clear_o prove_v what_o we_o have_v say_v and_o confirm_v our_o opinion_n they_o will_v rather_o prejudice_v their_o own_o interest_n and_o hazard_v all_o than_o refuse_v communion_n to_o st._n athanasius_n or_o reflect_v upon_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o council_n of_o sardica_n which_o have_v absolve_v he_o the_o egyptian_n write_v to_o liberius_n that_o he_o shall_v maintain_v communion_n with_o st._n athanasius_n as_o they_o have_v former_o write_v to_o julius_n to_o desire_v he_o that_o he_o will_v restore_v he_o to_o it_o these_o word_n plain_o discover_v that_o liberius_n have_v not_o excommunicate_v st._n athanasius_n since_o the_o egyptian_n do_v not_o desire_v he_o as_o they_o have_v former_o do_v julius_n to_o restore_v he_o to_o communion_n but_o only_o to_o maintain_v communion_n with_o he_o qualis_fw-la ad_fw-la julium_n pridem_fw-la de_fw-la reddenda_fw-la exulanti_fw-la communione_fw-la talis_fw-la nunc_fw-la ut_fw-la de_fw-la subjectis_fw-la intelligitur_fw-la datae_fw-la sunt_fw-la de_fw-la tuenda_fw-la five_o liberius_n himself_o be_v a_o witness_n that_o he_o never_o excommunicate_v st._n athanasius_n for_o in_o his_o letter_n to_o lucifer_n where_o he_o give_v a_o account_n of_o what_o happen_v about_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o saint_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o pontificate_n he_o say_v that_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o east_n have_v write_v letter_n against_o he_o that_o he_o have_v not_o suppress_v they_o as_o he_o be_v accuse_v but_o have_v read_v they_o in_o council_n and_o yet_o give_v no_o credit_n to_o they_o queis_fw-la fidem_fw-la &_o sententiam_fw-la non_fw-la commodavimus_fw-la nostram_fw-la which_o we_o do_v neither_o believe_v nor_o approve_v because_o he_o at_o the_o same_o time_n receive_v letter_n from_o 75_o bishop_n of_o egypt_n in_o behalf_n of_o st._n athanasius_n do_v not_o this_o plain_o show_v that_o the_o letter_n which_o we_o now_o speak_v of_o be_v none_o of_o liberius_n since_o it_o suppose_v that_o he_o believe_v the_o letter_n from_o those_o of_o the_o east_n and_o excommunicate_v st._n athanasius_n six_o if_o liberius_n have_v excommunicate_v st._n athanasius_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o pontificate_n will_v not_o the_o officer_n of_o constantius_n have_v allege_v this_o as_o a_o reason_n to_o make_v he_o subscribe_v to_o his_o condemnation_n and_o how_o can_v he_o have_v maintain_v so_o stout_o as_o he_o do_v that_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n have_v always_o hold_v he_o innocent_a seven_o though_o liberius_n shall_v have_v conceal_v or_o suppress_v this_o letter_n while_o he_o be_v of_o st._n athanasius_n party_n yet_o will_v he_o not_o have_v produce_v it_o immediate_o after_o he_o have_v sign_v against_o he_o for_o than_o he_o can_v have_v no_o interest_n to_o conceal_v it_o but_o on_o the_o contrary_a be_v oblige_v to_o publish_v it_o and_o yet_o even_o then_o he_o confess_v that_o he_o be_v always_o of_o st._n athanasius_n side_n because_o julius_n my_o predecessor_n of_o happy_a memory_n receive_v st._n athanasius_n into_o his_o communion_n i_o be_v afraid_a lest_o i_o shall_v have_v pass_v for_o a_o prevaricator_n if_o i_o shall_v have_v condemn_v he_o but_o as_o soon_o as_o i_o understand_v that_o you_o have_v just_o condemn_v he_o i_o follow_v your_o judgement_n do_v not_o this_o plain_o show_v that_o liberius_n do_v not_o condemn_v st._n athanasius_n at_o the_o beginning_n of_o his_o pontificate_n but_o that_o on_o the_o contrary_a he_o do_v always_o protect_v he_o upon_o the_o authority_n of_o his_o predecessor_n last_o there_o be_v some_o expression_n in_o this_o letter_n that_o be_v not_o use_v till_o after_o liberius_n time_n from_o all_o which_o i_o conclude_v it_o to_o be_v false_a that_o liberius_n do_v write_v this_o letter_n or_o excommunicate_a st._n athanasius_n on_o the_o contrary_a immediate_o after_o he_o be_v exalt_v to_o the_o pontificate_n he_o write_v to_o he_o a_o letter_n of_o communion_n the_o bishop_n of_o the_o east_n write_v to_o he_o against_o this_o saint_n and_o those_o of_o egypt_n for_o he_o he_o read_v 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the_o write_n of_o theodorus_n of_o mopsuesta_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o they_o be_v full_a of_o very_o harsh_a expression_n and_o which_o seem_v to_o favour_v the_o opinion_n of_o those_o who_o admit_v two_o person_n in_o jesus_n christ._n but_o as_o he_o write_v before_o the_o condemnation_n of_o the_o error_n of_o nestorius_n it_o seem_v that_o these_o expression_n shall_v be_v pardon_v he_o especial_o since_o the_o like_a be_v find_v in_o other_o author_n and_o he_o in_o other_o place_n profess_v to_o acknowledge_v one_o person_n and_o two_o nature_n in_o jesus_n christ._n as_o to_o his_o person_n suppose_v that_o his_o dogme_n be_v damnable_a and_o that_o he_o have_v assert_v manifest_a impiety_n it_o may_v be_v ask_v whether_o it_o be_v lawful_a to_o condemn_v and_o anathematise_v he_o after_o his_o death_n who_o decease_v in_o the_o communion_n of_o the_o church_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o church_n can_v proper_o speak_v condemn_v nor_o absolve_v the_o dead_a i._n e._n remove_v they_o from_o or_o restore_v they_o to_o the_o communion_n of_o the_o church_n for_o this_o communion_n consist_v in_o the_o participation_n of_o the_o sacrament_n and_o in_o other_o office_n which_o the_o faithful_a do_v to_o one_o another_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o refuse_v or_o grant_v this_o communion_n to_o the_o dead_a all_o that_o can_v be_v do_v in_o this_o case_n be_v to_o signify_v that_o respect_n or_o hatred_n be_v due_a to_o their_o memory_n by_o pronounce_v a_o anathema_n against_o they_o or_o by_o declare_v that_o they_o be_v unjust_o anathematise_v during_o their_o life_n by_o put_v their_o name_n into_o the_o diptych_n of_o the_o church_n or_o by_o cause_v their_o name_n to_o be_v blot_v out_o of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a table_n there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o in_o this_o sense_n the_o church_n can_v absolve_v and_o condemn_v the_o dead_a by_o restore_v they_o to_o or_o remove_v they_o from_o this_o kind_n of_o communion_n which_o proper_o speak_v be_v no_o 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as_o sutri_n to_o meet_v frederic_n who_o be_v arrive_v in_o italy_n accompany_v he_o to_o rome_n and_o set_v the_o imperial_a diadem_n on_o his_o head_n a_o little_a while_n after_o he_o make_v peace_n with_o william_n king_n of_o sicily_n and_o grant_v he_o the_o royal_a style_n of_o king_n of_o both_o sicily_n in_o write_v to_o the_o emperor_n frederick_n about_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o london_n he_o incur_v the_o displeasure_n of_o that_o prince_n by_o infinuate_v that_o the_o empire_n be_v a_o donation_n receive_v by_o he_o from_o the_o holy_a see_v insomuch_o that_o the_o pope_n be_v oblige_v to_o explain_v himself_o in_o a_o second_o letter_n and_o to_o say_v that_o he_o mean_v only_o with_o respect_n to_o his_o coronation_n and_o consecration_n however_o this_o do_v not_o fail_v to_o set_v they_o at_o variance_n and_o their_o quarrel_n be_v inflame_v because_o his_o holiness_n refuse_v to_o confirm_v a_o certain_a person_n who_o the_o emperor_n have_v nominate_v to_o be_v archbishop_n of_o ravenna_n it_o be_v also_o report_v that_o the_o pope_n design_v to_o excommunicate_v the_o emperor_n if_o he_o have_v live_v long_o but_o he_o die_v of_o a_o quinsy_n in_o the_o city_n of_o anagnia_n september_n 1_o a._n d._n 1159._o but_o his_o body_n be_v translate_v to_o rome_n and_o inter_v in_o st._n peter_n church_n after_o the_o solemnisation_n of_o his_o funeral_n obsequy_n 23_o cardinal_n meet_v together_o and_o choose_v at_o the_o end_n of_o three_o day_n roland_n cardinal_n priest_n with_o the_o title_n of_o st._n mark_n and_o chancellor_n iii_o alexander_n iii_o of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n who_o be_v name_v alexander_n iii_o but_o there_o be_v three_o cardinal_n viz._n octavian_n john_n of_o st._n martin_n and_o guy_n of_o crema_fw-la who_o undertake_v to_o carry_v on_o another_o election_n and_o octavian_n have_v obtain_v the_o suffrage_n of_o the_o two_o other_o assume_v the_o quality_n of_o pope_n and_o the_o name_n of_o victor_n iii_o afterward_o he_o cause_v himself_o to_o be_v clothe_v in_o the_o pontifical_a habit_n take_v possession_n of_o st._n peter_n church_n by_o force_n and_o set_v a_o guard_n of_o senator_n over_o alexander_n and_o his_o cardinal_n who_o be_v confine_v in_o the_o fort_n during_o nine_o day_n the_o latter_a be_v remove_v to_o a_o castle_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o tiber_n and_o after_o have_v be_v shut_v up_o therein_o three_o day_n the_o people_n begin_v to_o raise_v a_o mutiny_n insomuch_o that_o he_o be_v conduct_v with_o divers_a bishop_n and_o cardinal_n across_o the_o city_n to_o a_o place_n call_v nero_n victory_n and_o there_o consecrate_a the_o emperor_n frederick_n be_v then_o in_o italy_n besiege_v cremona_n and_o the_o two_o competitor_n have_v make_v application_n to_o he_o to_o get_v their_o interest_n maintain_v he_o order_v they_o both_o to_o repair_v to_o pavia_n to_o take_v their_o trial_n in_o a_o council_n alexander_n not_o think_v fit_a to_o go_v thither_o 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alexander_n declare_v null_a the_o next_o day_n the_o latter_a and_o his_o adherent_n be_v solemn_o excommunicate_v we_o have_v still_o in_o our_o possession_n the_o act_n of_o that_o council_n held_z a._n d._n 1160._o with_o the_o synodical_a letter_n of_o the_o father_n assemble_v therein_o that_o of_o the_o emperor_n that_o of_o the_o bishop_n of_o bamberg_n and_o that_o of_o the_o canon_n of_o st._n peter_n at_o rome_n concern_v the_o election_n of_o victor_n and_o the_o judgement_n pass_v in_o his_o favour_n they_o accuse_v the_o cardinal_n who_o choose_v alexander_n of_o have_v meet_v together_o even_o in_o pope_n adrian_n life-time_n to_o substitute_n roland_n in_o his_o room_n and_o of_o have_v carry_v on_o the_o last_o election_n in_o a_o tumultuous_a manner_n alexander_n be_v inform_v of_o what_o be_v transact_v against_o he_o in_o the_o assembly_n of_o pavia_n excommunicate_v the_o emperor_n frederick_n the_o other_o prince_n of_o europe_n be_v ready_a to_o do_v more_o justice_n to_o pope_n alexander_n for_o henry_n ii_o king_n of_o england_n and_o philip_n ii_o king_n of_o france_n be_v persuade_v by_o their_o prelate_n of_o the_o equity_n alexander_n the_o declaration_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o france_n in_o favour_n of_o alexander_n of_o their_o cause_n favour_v he_o under_o hand_n but_o not_o to_o do_v any_o thing_n rash_o in_o a_o affair_n of_o that_o importance_n they_o call_v assembly_n of_o the_o prelate_n of_o their_o respective_a kingdom_n viz._n the_o former_a at_o newmarket_n in_o england_n and_o the_o other_o at_o beauvais_n in_o france_n it_o be_v agree_v in_o those_o convention_n that_o alexander_n right_v be_v most_o preferable_a but_o the_o prince_n before_o they_o open_o declare_v their_o sentiment_n solicit_v frederick_n to_o own_v he_o as_o pope_n and_o to_o abandon_v octavian_n but_o perceive_v he_o to_o be_v altogether_o inflexible_a to_o authorise_v their_o declaration_n to_o the_o best_a advantage_n they_o call_v a_o general_a assembly_n of_o the_o prelate_n and_o nobleman_n of_o their_o kingdom_n in_o which_o the_o legate_n of_o the_o two_o competitor_n be_v also_o present_a in_o order_n to_o take_v a_o full_a cognizance_n of_o the_o cause_n and_o afterward_o to_o declare_v for_o he_o who_o shall_v be_v acknowledge_v as_o lawful_a pope_n in_o that_o assembly_n for_o hitherto_o out_o of_o respect_n to_o the_o emperor_n they_o do_v not_o think_v fit_a public_o to_o espouse_v alexander_n cause_n although_o they_o be_v well_o inform_v of_o the_o validity_n of_o his_o right_n the_o matter_n be_v debate_v for_o some_o time_n in_o the_o council_n it_o evident_o appear_v from_o the_o relation_n of_o the_o cardinal_n the_o testimony_n of_o many_o witness_n and_o even_o the_o confession_n of_o those_o of_o victor_n party_n that_o the_o latter_a seize_v on_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n by_o force_n be_v clothe_v in_o the_o pontifical_a vestment_n by_o layman_n without_o any_o canonical_a form_n be_v excommunicate_v before_o his_o consecration_n and_o be_v choose_v by_o three_o excommunicate_v person_n on_o the_o other_o side_n that_o alexander_n be_v elect_v by_o all_o the_o other_o cardinal_n that_o he_o may_v have_v be_v immediate_o invest_v with_o the_o pontifical_a ornament_n if_o he_o have_v not_o at_o first_o refuse_v to_o accept_v of_o they_o through_o humility_n that_o he_o afterward_o assume_v they_o in_o a_o solemn_a manner_n and_o receive_v consecration_n from_o the_o hand_n of_o those_o who_o have_v a_o right_a to_o administer_v it_o it_o be_v also_o make_v appear_v that_o the_o emperor_n declare_v for_o octavian_n a_o long_a time_n before_o the_o meeting_n of_o the_o assembly_n of_o pavia_n that_o that_o convention_n be_v not_o compose_v of_o 153_o bishop_n as_o his_o imperial_a majesty_n give_v it_o out_o but_o only_o of_o 44_o that_o the_o prelate_n have_v take_v a_o resolution_n to_o suspend_v their_o judgement_n and_o not_o to_o own_o either_o of_o the_o two_o competitor_n as_o pope_n till_o a_o general_a synod_n be_v call_v consist_v of_o the_o prelate_n of_o divers_a kingdom_n or_o till_o they_o know_v which_o of_o they_o be_v approve_v by_o the_o sound_a part_n of_o the_o church_n that_o they_o agree_v to_o give_v the_o same_o advice_n to_o the_o emperor_n but_o that_o he_o can_v not_o be_v induce_v to_o follow_v it_o and_o that_o on_o the_o contrary_a he_o have_v compel_v the_o bishop_n to_o confirm_v he_o who_o he_o have_v already_o receive_v except_o 24_o among_o who_o be_v the_o bishop_n of_o pavia_n in_o who_o city_n that_o assembly_n be_v hold_v therefore_o the_o prelate_n of_o england_n and_o france_n be_v well_o satisfy_v with_o these_o reason_n acknowledge_v alexander_n as_o lawful_a pope_n at_o the_o same_o time_n excommunicate_v octavian_n with_o his_o adherent_n and_o the_o two_o king_n in_o like_a manner_n follow_v the_o judgement_n of_o the_o council_n the_o emperor_n be_v inform_v of_o the_o
possession_n os_fw-la benevento_n and_o capua_n that_o belong_v to_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n xi_o henry_n i._n k._n of_o england_n die_v without_o male_a issue_n by_o reason_n that_o his_o three_o son_n be_v drown_v a._n 1120._o stephen_n count_n of_o boulogne_n the_o son_n of_o adelae_n his_o sister_n seize_v on_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n and_o dispute_v normandy_n with_o mathilda_n or_o maud_n the_o daughter_n of_o that_o prince_n and_o wife_n of_o geffrey_n plantagenet_n count_n of_o anjou_n xvii_o st._n bernard_n return_v from_o italy_n to_o france_n be_v send_v into_o guyenne_n with_o the_o legate_n of_o the_o holy_a see_v where_o he_o oblige_v the_o duke_n of_o that_o province_n to_o own_o pope_n innocent_a ii_o and_o to_o re-establish_a the_o bishop_n of_o poitiers_n and_o lymoges_n who_o he_o have_v expel_v alexander_n bishop_n of_o liege_n be_v depose_v and_o albero_n iv_o of_o that_o name_n primate_n of_o the_o church_n of_o mets_n substitute_v in_o his_o place_n william_n abbot_z of_o st._n thierry_n leave_v his_o abbey_n and_o become_v a_o monk_n in_o that_o of_o segni_n of_o the_o cistercian_n order_n  _fw-fr 〈◊〉_d st._n bernard_n compose_v this_o year_n his_o treatise_n of_o the_o commendation_n of_o the_o new_a militia_n dedicate_v to_o hugh_n grand_a master_n of_o the_o knight_n templar_n odo_n abbot_n of_o remy_n at_o rheims_n write_v his_o letter_n concern_v a_o miracle_n of_o st._n thomas_n the_o apostle_n rupert_n abbot_n of_o duyt_n die_v march_n 3d._n 1136_o vii_o xii_o xviii_o helias_n abbot_n of_o st._n sulpitius_n of_o bourges_n be_v choose_v bishop_n of_o orleans_n and_o consecrate_a in_o the_o month_n of_o april_n in_o the_o year_n follow_v drogo_fw-it or_o dreux_n abbot_n of_o st._n john_n at_o laon_n be_v send_v for_o to_o rome_n by_o pope_n innocent_a who_o create_v he_o cardinal_n and_o bishop_n of_o ostia_n odo_n abbot_n of_o st._n remigius_n at_o rheims_n give_v the_o revenue_n of_o the_o house_n of_o mont-dieu_a to_o the_o carthusian_n  _fw-fr geffrey_n the_o gross_a monk_n of_o tiron_n rodulphus_fw-la abbot_n st._n tron_n william_n abbot_n of_o st._n thierry_n oâ—_n theodoric_n peter_n the_o venerable_a abbot_n of_o clunie_n 1137_o viii_o xiii_o the_o death_n of_o lewes_n vi_o surnamed_a the_o gross_a king_n of_o france_n august_n 1_o lewes_n the_o young_a succeed_v he_o xix_o st._n bernard_n be_v recall_v to_o italy_n by_o the_o pope_n who_o afterward_o send_v he_o to_o roger_n duke_n of_o sicily_n to_o oblige_v he_o to_o abandon_v the_o antipope_n anacletus_n party_n this_o saint_n enter_v into_o conference_n with_o peter_n cardinal_n of_o pisa_n who_o be_v about_o to_o maintain_v the_o anti-pope_n cause_n and_o persuade_v he_o to_o change_v his_o opinion_n and_o party_n  _fw-fr the_o death_n of_o guigue_n prior_n of_o the_o la_fw-fr grandee_n chartreuse_fw-fr 1138_o ix_o the_o death_n of_o the_o antipope_n anacletus_fw-la the_o schismatic_n substitute_n in_o his_o place_n gregory_n cardinal_n who_o take_v the_o name_n of_o victor_n but_o this_o last_o soon_o abdicate_v the_o pontificate_n and_o put_v a_o end_n to_o the_o schism_n fourteen_o the_o death_n of_o the_o emperor_n lotharius_n decemb._n 3._o the_o king_n of_o france_n give_v normandy_n to_o eustache_n the_o son_n of_o stephen_n king_n of_o england_n xx._n william_n bishop_n of_o langre_n die_v this_o year_n a_o contest_v arise_v for_o that_o bishopric_n peter_n archbishop_n of_o lion_n and_o hugh_n son_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o burgundy_n cause_n a_o monk_n of_o clunie_n to_o be_v choose_v bishop_n of_o that_o diocese_n but_o the_o chapter_n of_o langre_n oppose_v this_o election_n and_o appeal_v to_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n however_o the_o monk_n do_v not_o forbear_v to_o cause_v himself_o to_o be_v ordain_v by_o the_o archbishop_n of_o lion_n and_o the_o bishop_n of_o autun_n and_o mascon_n the_o pope_n condemn_v this_o ordination_n and_o require_v they_o to_o proceed_v to_o a_o new_a election_n conformable_o to_o the_o advice_n of_o st._n bernard_n godfrey_n prior_n of_o clairvaux_n and_o the_o kinsman_n of_o this_o saint_n be_v elect_v bishop_n of_o langre_n the_o year_n next_o ensue_v theobald_n abbot_n of_o bec_n be_v choose_v archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n in_o the_o council_n of_o london_n otho_n the_o son_n of_o leopold_n marquis_n of_o austria_n be_v make_v bishop_n of_o frisinghen_n ulric_n bishop_n of_o constance_n leave_v his_o bishopric_n and_o return_n to_o the_o monastery_n of_o saint_n blaise_n guerric_n be_v constitute_v abbot_n of_o igni_fw-la this_o year_n in_o the_o place_n of_o humbert_n who_o have_v retire_v from_o thence_o arnold_n of_o bresâ—â—a_n divulge_v his_o opinion_n in_o italy_n a_o council_n at_o london_n hold_v decemb._n 13_o in_o which_o it_o be_v debate_v about_o mean_n to_o conclude_v a_o treaty_n of_o peace_n between_o the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o england_n gueric_n abbot_n of_o igni_fw-la the_o death_n of_o drogo_n or_o dreux_n cardinal_n bishop_n of_o ostia_n 1139_o x._o pope_n innocent_a wage_n war_n with_o roger_n duke_n of_o sicily_n who_o seize_v upon_o the_o duchy_n of_o apulia_n be_v take_v prisoner_n by_o that_o prince_n and_o oblige_v by_o a_o agreement_n to_o confirm_v the_o donation_n that_o honorius_n ii_o have_v make_v to_o he_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o sicily_n the_o duchy_n of_o apulia_n and_o the_o principality_n of_o capua_n with_o the_o title_n of_o king_n i._o conrade_n duke_n of_o franconia_n be_v proclaim_v king_n of_o germany_n geffrey_n count_n of_o anjou_n recover_v part_n of_o normandy_n xxi_o philip_n bishop_n of_o taranto_n a_o favourer_n of_o the_o antipope_n anacletus_fw-la be_v depose_v upon_o that_o account_n in_o the_o general_n council_n of_o lateran_n william_n abbot_z of_o st._n thierry_n send_v to_o geffrey_n bishop_n of_o chartres_n legate_n of_o the_o holy_a see_v and_o to_o st._n bernard_n 13_o proposition_n which_o he_o have_v take_v out_o of_o the_o theological_a write_n of_o petrus_n abaelardus_n alberic_n elect_v to_o the_o bishopric_n of_o châlon_n in_o 1126_o but_o not_o have_v be_v ordain_v nor_o put_v in_o possession_n of_o that_o bishopric_n be_v advance_v to_o the_o archbishopric_n of_o bourges_n st._n malachy_n primate_n of_o ireland_n take_v a_o journey_n to_o rome_n gillebert_n or_o gilbert_n legate_n of_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n in_o ireland_n resign_v his_o office_n into_o the_o pope_n hand_n the_o death_n of_o st._n otho_n the_o apostle_n of_o pomerania_n the_o death_n of_o rainoldus_n archbishop_n of_o rheims_n jan._n 13._o samson_n be_v choose_v in_o his_o place_n the_o death_n of_o peter_n archbishop_n of_o lion_n who_o have_v for_o his_o successor_n falco_n dean_n of_o that_o church_n the_o ii_o general_n council_n at_o lateran_n hold_v in_o the_o month_n of_o april_n against_o the_o follower_n of_o the_o antipope_n anacletus_fw-la and_o arnold_n of_o brescia_n who_o be_v expel_v italy_n  _fw-fr 1140_o xi_o ii_o xxii_o st._n bernard_n send_v to_o italy_n some_o of_o his_o monk_n to_o inhabit_v the_o monastery_n of_o st._n anastasius_n new_o rebuilt_a and_o bernard_n afterward_o pope_n under_o the_o name_n of_o eugenius_n iii_o be_v make_v abbot_n of_o it_o turstin_n archbishop_n of_o york_n be_v dead_a this_o metropolitan_a see_n be_v contend_v for_o between_o william_n the_o nephew_n of_o king_n stephen_n and_o henry_n of_o murdach_n abbot_n of_o fontaine_n william_n cause_v himself_o to_o be_v consecrate_a by_o henry_n bishop_n of_o winchester_n but_o the_o pope_n deny_v he_o the_o pall_n and_o grant_v it_o to_o henry_n confirm_v his_o election_n however_o the_o king_n do_v not_o acknowledge_v henry_n till_o three_o year_n after_o geffrey_n de_fw-fr loroux_n archbishop_n of_o bourdeaux_n incur_v the_o displeasure_n of_o king_n lewes_n the_o young_a for_o have_v ordain_v grimâ—ard_a bishop_n of_o poitiers_n canonical_o elect_v the_o pope_n confirm_v the_o sentence_n of_o the_o council_n of_o sens_n against_o petrus_n abaelardus_n heretic_n discover_v in_o the_o diocese_n of_o colen_n this_o year_n the_o church_n of_o rheims_n have_v remain_v near_o two_o year_n destitute_a of_o a_o archbishop_n and_o st._n bernard_n have_v refuse_v to_o accept_v of_o this_o dignity_n samson_n provost_n of_o the_o church_n of_o chartres_n be_v ordain_v archbishop_n of_o that_o diocese_n in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o year_n a_o council_n at_o sens_n begin_v on_o the_o octave_n of_o the_o feast_n of_o pentecost_n in_o which_o st._n bernard_n confute_v the_o error_n of_o petrus_n abaelardus_n who_o applea_n to_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n but_o afterward_o desi_v from_o that_o appeal_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o peter_n the_o venerable_a abbot_n of_o clunie_n into_o who_o monastery_n he_o have_v retire_v st._n bernard_n write_v his_o sermon_n 65_o and_o 66_o against_o the_o heretic_n of_o colen_n he_o likewise_o write_v to_o the_o canon_n of_o lion_n his_o faâ—â—us_a letter_n concern_v the_o festival_n of_o the_o conception_n of_o the_o virgin_n
it_o in_o their_o â—ouths_n without_o swallow_v it_o to_o throw_v it_o into_o the_o jakes_n those_o heretic_n spread_v themselves_o in_o the_o bishopric_n of_o brâ—â—ne_n and_o in_o the_o frontier_n of_o friâ—â—land_n and_o saxony_n and_o get_v to_o a_o head_n massacre_v the_o ecclesiastics_n and_o monk_n pillage_v the_o church_n and_o commit_v a_o world_n of_o disorder_n pope_n gregory_n ix_o excite_a the_o bishop_n and_o lord_n of_o those_o country_n to_o make_v war_n against_o they_o in_o order_n to_o extirpate_v â—â—at_o wicked_a race_n the_o archbishop_n of_o brâ—…_n the_o duke_n of_o brabant_n and_o the_o count_n of_o holland_n have_v raise_v force_n march_v in_o the_o year_n 1234_o to_o engage_v they_o they_o make_v a_o vigorous_a defence_n but_o be_v at_o last_o defeat_v and_o cut_v to_o piece_n six_o thousand_o be_v kill_v upon_o the_o spot_n the_o rest_n perish_v after_o several_a way_n and_o they_o be_v all_o rout_v so_o that_o there_o be_v but_o a_o few_o leave_v who_o be_v convert_v and_o return_v to_o their_o obedience_n the_o next_o year_n in_o the_o year_n 1248_o during_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o contest_v between_o the_o emperor_n frederick_n ii_o and_o pope_n inâ—â—cent_n germany_n the_o schismatic_n of_o germany_n iu._n there_o rise_v up_o several_a people_n in_o germany_n who_o under_o pretence_n of_o defend_v the_o emperor_n â—â—terest_n set_v upon_o preach_v that_o the_o pope_n be_v a_o heretic_n that_o all_o the_o bishop_n be_v heretical_a and_o simoniacal_a that_o all_o the_o priest_n be_v in_o mortal_a sin_n have_v no_o long_o the_o power_n of_o bind_v and_o unâ—â—ding_v nor_o of_o consecrate_v the_o eucharist_n that_o they_o be_v seducer_n that_o neither_o the_o pope_n nor_o the_o â—â—shops_n nor_o any_o man_n alive_a have_v the_o power_n of_o interdict_v divine_a service_n and_o that_o those_o who_o do_v it_o â—ere_z heretic_n and_o deceiver_n that_o the_o francâ—scans_n and_o dominican_n pervert_v the_o church_n by_o their_o 〈◊〉_d preach_n and_o that_o the_o life_n which_o they_o â—…d_v be_v unlawful_a that_o none_o but_o they_o preach_v the_o 〈◊〉_d or_o live_v according_a to_o the_o gospel_n after_o they_o have_v preach_v those_o maxim_n they_o declare_v to_o 〈◊〉_d auditor_n that_o they_o will_v give_v they_o indulgence_n not_o such_o as_o the_o pope_n or_o bishop_n pretend_a 〈◊〉_d grant_v but_o a_o indulgence_n which_o come_v from_o god_n himself_o and_o by_o our_o order_n these_o preacher_n 〈◊〉_d more_o harm_n than_o good_a to_o the_o interest_n of_o frederick_n and_o conrade_n for_o they_o be_v the_o occasion_n that_o â—…y_a catholic_n abandon_v conrade_n which_o be_v in_o part_n the_o cause_n of_o his_o ruin_n the_o sect_n of_o the_o flagellantes_fw-la or_o whipper_n in_o its_o rise_n be_v only_o the_o effect_n of_o a_o indiscreet_a and_o immodeâ—…_n whipper_n the_o flagellantes_fw-la or_o whipper_n zeal_n but_o have_v fatal_a consequence_n it_o begin_v at_o perusa_n about_o the_o year_n 1260._o when_o a_o great_a many_o 〈◊〉_d of_o all_o age_n march_v in_o procession_n two_o and_o too_o with_o naked_a body_n whip_v themselves_o pubâ—…y_a till_o the_o blood_n come_v to_o implore_v the_o mercy_n of_o god_n these_o procession_n be_v precede_v by_o priest_n 〈◊〉_d carry_v the_o cross_n and_o consist_v of_o man_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o quality_n and_o age._n the_o woman_n and_o maid_n exercise_v the_o â—ame_n rigour_n upon_o themselves_o at_o home_n at_o first_o these_o instance_n of_o penance_n be_v attend_v with_o reconcilation_n restitution_n and_o work_v of_o charity_n this_o custom_n afterward_o prevail_v not_o only_o in_o other_o town_n of_o italy_n but_o likewise_o in_o germany_n and_o as_o man_n be_v always_o inclinable_a to_o set_v a_o value_n on_o their_o performance_n some_o of_o those_o whipper_n preach_v that_o one_o can_v not_o obtain_v remission_n of_o one_o sin_n without_o thus_o whip_n one_o self_n and_o to_o obtain_v it_o they_o shall_v confess_v their_o sin_n to_o one_o another_o the_o prelate_n and_o prince_n foreseeing_a the_o abuse_n and_o disorder_n which_o may_v ensue_v on_o this_o new_a institution_n oppose_v it_o and_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o this_o superstition_n for_o some_o time_n but_o it_o revive_v with_o more_o fury_n and_o disorder_n in_o the_o next_o century_n especial_o in_o hungary_n and_o germany_n where_o there_o be_v a_o impostor_n who_o give_v out_o that_o a_o angel_n have_v bring_v he_o a_o letter_n from_o heaven_n which_o promise_v those_o who_o will_v whip_n themselves_o for_o thirty_o four_o day_n together_o the_o pardon_n of_o all_o their_o sin_n they_o admit_v none_o into_o their_o society_n but_o such_o as_o have_v wherewithal_o to_o live_v oblige_v they_o to_o confess_v their_o sin_n and_o pardon_v their_o enemy_n before_o their_o admission_n and_o require_v if_o they_o be_v marry_v that_o they_o shall_v obtain_v the_o consent_n of_o their_o wife_n they_o at_o last_o carry_v themselves_o to_o such_o great_a extravagancy_n that_o they_o raise_v sedition_n massacre_v the_o jew_n rifle_v the_o estate_n of_o laic_n and_o commit_v a_o great_a many_o other_o crime_n king_n philip_n de_fw-fr valois_n hinder_v they_o from_o come_v into_o his_o kingdom_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o doctor_n of_o the_o sorbonne_n of_o paris_n who_o remonstrate_v to_o he_o that_o the_o practice_n of_o this_o new_a sect_n be_v contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n contrary_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o church_n and_o prejudicial_a to_o the_o salvation_n of_o soul_n they_o likewise_o acquaint_v pope_n clement_n vi_o of_o it_o who_o condemn_v that_o sect_n and_o prohibit_v those_o kind_n of_o public_a whip_n and_o the_o rather_o because_o several_a of_o those_o whâ—ppers_n support_v by_o priest_n and_o incense_a monk_n broach_v opinion_n contrary_a to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o church_n say_v that_o the_o blood_n which_o they_o shed_v in_o whip_v themselves_o be_v mix_v with_o the_o blood_n of_o jesus_n christ_n and_o advance_v several_a other_o as_o extravagant_a error_n this_o be_v what_o be_v observe_v by_o the_o continuatoâ—_fw-la of_o william_n de_fw-fr nangis_fw-la on_o the_o year_n 1349_o wherein_o that_o sect_n renew_v its_o extravagancy_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o a_o great_a mortality_n which_o rage_v on_o the_o earth_n gerson_n have_v likewise_o compose_v a_o treatise_n against_o these_o whipper_n of_o which_o we_o shall_v speak_v in_o its_o proper_a place_n chap._n x._o ecclesiastical_a observation_n on_o the_o thirteen_o century_n there_o be_v in_o â—his_fw-la century_n two_o sort_n of_o error_n against_o religion_n and_o the_o church_n have_v two_o soâ—…_n century_n the_o heresy_n and_o error_n raise_v in_o the_o thirteen_o century_n adversary_n to_o struggle_v with_o the_o first_o be_v those_o notorious_a heretic_n who_o subvert_a thâ—…_n damental_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n by_o open_o oppugn_v the_o authority_n the_o sacrament_n the_o 〈◊〉_d money_n and_o the_o discipline_n of_o the_o church_n the_o other_o be_v the_o rash_a divine_n who_o desirous_a 〈◊〉_d stinguisâ—_n themselves_o by_o maintain_v nice_a and_o new_a notion_n advance_v such_o proposition_n as_o be_v 〈◊〉_d moâ—s_n rash_a erroneous_a and_o contrary_a to_o the_o tradition_n of_o the_o church_n and_o the_o faith_n of_o jesus_n 〈◊〉_d the_o pope_n and_o the_o prelate_n perceive_v that_o the_o former_a contemn_v the_o spiritual_a power_n and_o thâ—…_n communication_n and_o the_o other_o ecclesiastical_a penalty_n be_v so_o far_o from_o reduce_v they_o that_o thâ—…_n dread_v they_o more_o insolent_a and_o put_v they_o upon_o use_v violence_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o it_o be_v 〈◊〉_d to_o make_v use_n of_o force_n to_o see_v whether_o those_o who_o be_v not_o reclaim_v out_o of_o a_o sense_n of_o their_o saâ—…_n establish_v the_o inquisition_n be_v establish_v may_v be_v so_o by_o the_o fear_n of_o punishment_n and_o even_o of_o temporal_a death_n there_o have_v be_v already_o 〈◊〉_d ral_a instance_n of_o heretic_n condemn_v to_o fines_n to_o banishment_n to_o punishment_n and_o even_o to_o dâ—…_n self_n but_o there_o have_v never_o yet_o be_v any_o war_n proclaim_v against_o they_o nor_o any_o croisado_n preach_v 〈◊〉_d the_o extirpation_n of_o they_o innocent_a iii_o be_v the_o first_o that_o proclaim_v such_o a_o war_n against_o the_o albâ—…_n and_o wâ—â—lenses_n and_o against_o raymond_n count_n of_o toulouse_n their_o protector_n war_n may_v subdue_v the_o hâ—…_n and_o reduce_v whoâ—e_a body_n of_o people_n but_o it_o be_v not_o capable_a of_o alter_v the_o sentiment_n of_o particulâ—…_n person_n or_o of_o hinder_v they_o from_o teach_v their_o doctrine_n secret_o whereupon_o the_o pope_n thougâ—…_n it_o aduâ—sable_v to_o seâ—_n up_o a_o tribunal_n of_o such_o person_n who_o business_n shall_v be_v to_o make_v inquiry_n after_o heretic_n and_o to_o draw_v up_o their_o process_n for_o this_o purpose_n he_o make_v choice_n of_o the_o dominican_n and_o francâ—…_n friar_n who_o be_v new_o establish_v to_o who_o
remove_v the_o cause_n to_o the_o court_n of_o request_n at_o the_o palace_n wherein_o the_o sieur_n naudaeus_n offer_v to_o justify_v the_o truth_n of_o his_o relation_n by_o exhibit_v the_o manuscript_n all_o the_o difficulty_n be_v how_o to_o fetch_v they_o from_o rome_n he_o be_v master_n of_o the_o manuscript_n of_o allatius_n the_o inspection_n of_o which_o plain_o show_v that_o the_o word_n canabaco_n be_v interline_v and_o add_v some_o time_n after_o the_o other_o word_n though_o it_o be_v of_o the_o same_o write_n and_o the_o same_o vermilion_n as_o to_o the_o other_o three_o manuscript_n he_o can_v not_o fetch_v they_o whatever_o diligence_n and_o importunity_n he_o use_v with_o the_o benedictines_n of_o rome_n to_o produce_v they_o he_o offer_v even_o in_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n to_o consign_v a_o sum_n of_o 3000_o livre_n to_o be_v distribute_v for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o hotel_n dieu_fw-fr or_o employ_v to_o make_v a_o silver_n lamp_n which_o shall_v be_v 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a_o conference_n where_o the_o f._n f._n lalemant_n and_o du_fw-fr moulinet_n oppose_v they_o and_o maintain_v that_o these_o manuscript_n be_v unserviceable_a to_o their_o cause_n some_o time_n after_o they_o address_v themselves_o to_o francis_n harlay_n archbishop_n of_o paris_n and_o pray_v he_o that_o these_o manuscript_n may_v be_v examine_v in_o his_o presence_n by_o learned_a man_n to_o which_o this_o prelate_n consent_v whereupon_o they_o bring_v into_o his_o palace_n on_o the_o 14_o of_o august_n 1671._o twelve_o manuscript_n and_o some_o ancient_a edition_n under_o the_o name_n of_o gersen_n mr._n faure_n doctor_n in_o divinity_n of_o the_o faculty_n of_o paris_n father_z le_z cointe_n of_o the_o congregation_n of_o the_o oratory_n mr._n vion_n of_o herouval_n mr._n valesius_fw-la mr._n baluzius_n and_o mr._n cotelier_n be_v there_o present_a they_o examine_v these_o title_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o archbishop_n make_v their_o report_n of_o which_o they_o draw_v up_o a_o process_n in_o writing_n and_o among_o other_o thing_n judge_v the_o write_n of_o the_o manuscript_n of_o padolirona_n to_o be_v unchanged_a which_o the_o sieur_n naudaeus_n have_v judge_v to_o be_v corrupt_v upon_o this_o report_n the_o benedictines_n reprint_v in_o 1674._o cum_fw-la privilegio_fw-la the_o book_n of_o the_o imitation_n of_o jesus_n christ_n by_o billain_n in_o a_o fair_a character_n under_o the_o name_n of_o john_n gersen_n abbot_n of_o st._n stephen_n of_o verceil_n of_o the_o order_n of_o st._n benedict_n together_o with_o the_o instrument_n which_o we_o just_o now_o mention_v and_o a_o dissertation_n which_o they_o print_v also_o apart_o write_v by_o father_n delfau_n which_o produce_v all_o the_o reason_n which_o can_v be_v allege_v to_o maintain_v the_o opinion_n of_o those_o who_o believe_v that_o john_n gersen_n be_v the_o author_n of_o this_o treatise_n some_o time_n after_o the_o benedictines_n of_o the_o abbey_n of_o st._n german_a de_fw-fr prez_n receive_v also_o