persons in number aboue three hundred The fight had continued fiue howers when as the French seeing their generall yeelded their Admirall lost two others sunke and many broken with artillerie they began to flie but the Marques by reason of the night pursued them not fearing for that they were better sailers he should not boord them and being separated hee should be forced to diuide his armie the which he would not willingly doe besides he should be constrained to leaue the gallion Saint Mathew behinde him in danger being vnable to sayle without tackling sailes and anchors the which the enemie had burnt and throwen into the sea There was one thing woorthie the obseruation that being within this gallion a Priest called Iohn de Iaem Chaplein vnto the Marshall of the fielde a man which had seene the warres during the fight being vnder the lowest decke of the gallion when he saw so much wilde fire cast by the French hearing their shot and finding the hurt the cannon did hee died onely of feare and amasement hauing receiued no wound The Spaniards recouered one of their carauels with horse which had beene taken and had taken more of their French ships if they could haue manned them with mariners to conduct them but for this cause the Admirall which was cast away abandoned and some others torne and abandoned by the French were not kept for this consideration the Marques burnt two which had been abandoned and some others ranne vpon the Iland In this battell the French lost seuen or eight of their best ships and there died in the fight aboue two thousand of their men with many hurt as for the Spaniards there died about two hundred and aboue fiue hundred wounded The Portugals pertisants vnto Anthonie say that the French fought not at all for that the Captaines were corrupted by King Philip and this opinion encreased for that after Anthonie caused Edward d' Castro to lose his head in the Iland supposing him to be the meanes thereof but they were deceiued for although that Castro had promised many things vnto the Kings ministers when as they deliuered him out of prison whereunto hee was committed when they tooke him flying out of Portugall yet could he neuer effect any but the cause of his death was for certaine practises begun after this defeate and for that he had committed murther vpon the person of Anthony Baraccio a deere friend vnto the said Prior and one of them that had proclaimed him King Behold the issue of the sea fight at the Ilands which possibly is one of the greatest that euer happened within the bounds of the Ocean for although in the Low-Countries there hath beene like factions in these last warres yet were they not truely within the Ocean but in chanels and riuers neere vnto the Ilands of Holland and Zealand rather at land then at sea But the issue hereof besides the greatnes of it was of more importance then euer any for besides that not onely the Realme of Portugall by this victorie remained settled but also all Spaine if the contrarie had fallen out all had beene full of confusion for that the French pursuing their victorie might with these forces their good fortune the presence of Anthony and the inclination of the people renue the warre in a suspended kingdome more dangerous for the Spaniards then euer seeing the great number of vnexpert Portugals vnited with so many French souldiers might giue them great hope of happie successe Anthony who remained in a small barke light and well furnished the day before the battaile when as they had resolued to fight although his whole fortune depended in a manner on this day not finding himselfe secure in this place retired with two other small barkes to the Terceres where in the citie of Angra they had prepared for him a sumptuous entrie with arches images and all triumphes commonly vsed at the ioyfull comming of Princes But deuining it may be the vnhappie successe these preparations seemed out of season for hauing forborne to passe to a bridge of woode which they had built onely for his comming whereby hee shoulde enter the streets that were garnished he landed farre from thence with small companie and more sorrow then ioy There did he howerly receiue sundry newes of the armie and by little and little he vnderstoode the successe thereof with an incredible griefe the which encreased the more by the intelligence giuen him of the death of Strozzi and the Earle and now caring for his safetie wauering in his thoughts hee knewe not howe to behaue himselfe in so rough an accident for although he relied much in the inhabitants of the Ilands and in the strength thereof seeming to be safe in this place yet feared he least the Marques pursuing his victorie should assaile him and that his men hauing their harts vanquished with this losse shoulde not be able to make resistance and therefore he enclined rather to abandon then defend it He was some what assured of this feare vpon the arriuall of seuenteene French and English ships to that place of those that had fledde from the battaile to repaire their hurts receiued to cure their wounded men and to take in water with these men he thought himselfe able to defende it yet had they all but fewe soldiers hauing in the battaile succoured the Counte of Brisack and Strozzi with all their men yet there arriued still more for at that time there returned but eighteene French ships into Fraunce with Brisack and fiue other English Mounsieur de Landes captaine of nine ships flying from the battaile went to Fayale where his soldiers began to spoile although it were not his meaning but hauing auoided the sacke retired to Angra yet for this cause they woulde not suffer him to enter or else that Anthony doubted his safetie The Marques as it is saide the day being ended resoluing not to pursue the enimie he drew neere to the Iland of Saint Michael to repaire his shippes to looke to his hurt men and to water but the winde being contrary woulde not suffer him keeping him three daies off at sea the fourth he drew neere to Villa Franca where he landed his hurt men and prouided what he needed the inhabitants of all parts of the Ile hauing yeelded their obedience The first of August Frauncis de Bouadilla landed with fowre companies of soldiers in the middest whereof vpon the sea shoare hee put all the French prisoners leading them to the market place of Villa Franca vnto a scaffolde built the height of a man where with a loude voice was read the sentence of the Marques whereby shewing that the Catholique King hauing peace with the most Christian King against the saide peace publikely sworne an armie of many aduenturers was come out of Fraunce in fauour of Anthony Prior of Crato with an intent to take the Catholique Kings fleete which he expected from the Indies and the new founde lands and
his forces And although the consideration had beene easie many protesting against it and many foretelling the future euent yet God tooke from them their vnderstanding as he doth from those whom he meaneth to punish and in this manner he hath depriued them of iudgement who aduise to take from the Catholique King the succession of the Realme They compared the amitie of Castill with that of Fraunce reporting the wrongs and pyracies which the French being at sea had daily done to Portugall and the small reckoning was helde of them that had complained and contrariwise the concord and rest which since the last peace made with the Castillians vntill that day they had enioyed without the breach of any one article blaming the manner of the French saying that they sought nothing else but to be admitted and after to become masters the which not succeeding they striued to be admitted to plead the equitie of their Kings cause seeking alwaies occasion to complaine They added that if the election were in the people and that the Catholique king had no enterest onely to be free from the French they shoulde vnite themselues with Castill that they might liue in peace and bridle this French furie which hath often throwne the Portugals aliue into the sea and slaine their gouernors and the Kings captaines by their Kings commission for by this vnion besides the seruice of God the French would feare and not spoile so boldly at sea They commended king Henry as iust and holie saying that the best resolution they coulde take was to fall at his feete beseeching him that seeing the Catholique king was the most honorable the most neerest and the eldest kinsman that he had that in the name of God he shoulde sweare him Prince according with him of the most necessarie points for the libertie of the Realme and shewing themselues conformeable to the bequest sometimes made by king Emanuell That they should not loose this occasion during his life but laying aside their obstinate intercessions labour iointly to flie the warre and not be forced to yeelde to Castill at such time when as it shoulde not be acceptable perfourming the which they shoulde not onely preserue their owne goods but inherite others seeing the greatnes of Castill doth indifferently admit all subiects Spaniards to the greatest dignities bringing for examples that the Archbishop of Toledo and the office of the President of the Councell roiall which be the highest dignities spirituall and temporall were not then enioied by Castillians They protested that if they stopped their eares to the truth and did open them to apparant lies they shoulde feele within their owne home warre with the murthers spoiles theftes and burnings it bringes with it On the other side the Portugals made answere to their letters saying they desired no warre but woulde defende themselues against any that shoulde attempt it They alleaged many reasons of their iustice and force with auncient examples of the holie Scriptures whereas small numbers in a iust cause haue vanquished a great armie They refuted that opinion that God by the vnion of these Realmes would fortifie in Castill an arme of the church shewing many grounds wherby they should iudge the contrarie blaming the sacke of Rome and some other vnwoorthy actions of the Castillians They laboured much to prooue that the Prior of Crato was legitimate that King Henrie had bin a most passionate iudge in that cause They spared not to touch the reasons of the Dutchesse of Bragance shewing that she ought to precead the Catholique King in the succession They condemned the said King saying that distrusting his Title he had prepared to armes They shewed by a long discourse that the vnion of Portugall would neither breed them profit nor honour but losse and dishonour were the conditions neuer so ample and good drawing examples from Flaunders and Aragon shewing that the behauiour of the Spaniardes in the Low-countries had beene the cause that those people had rebelled against God and against their temporall Lord They did obiect that all nations subiect to the Catholique King were reputed his subiects in matters of charge and burthens of the warre but in honours recompences and exemptions they were vnknowen They valued not the Kings forces saying that if it were fearfull to other Prouinces yet was it not so in Spaine beeing apparent that by reason of the barrennes of that countrey he could entertaine no great Armies neither durst he for the weaknes of the places draw in mercenarie souldiers bringing for example the war of Granado where incountring but with fower disarmed Moores there was so great daunger with the losse of so many men They added moreouer that the King had not at this day one Captaine of account naming a number which were of the Seminarie of Charles the fifth who were all dead and not any other which had succeeded them imitating the Kings humour who loues rest more then armes by meanes whereof he had not augmented his Realme but lost Goletta with the States of Flaunders and had yet made greater losses had there beene other Kings liuing in this age but that in Fraunce England and Portugall the Scepters were in the hands of women and children They concluded that it was not credible that the Catholique King notwithstanding his threatnings and his prepared forces woulde take armes in Spaine for that his forces being vnited he was in daunger vpon the least contrarie euent that some of his Prouinces would rebell against him and that the French being a stirring nation would imbrace this occasion besides that being now old and the howres of his death vncertaine hee should consider that not inioying the Realme of Portugall in peace and dying with an Armie in Spaine hauing no heires but pupilles hee should leaue them in danger not onely to be depriued of the possession of Portugall but also to be much troubled in Castill and his other Kingdomes of Spaine labouring to prooue that the Kings were not there beloued as in Portugall Then began the yeere 1580. a yeere full of miseries and afflictions for the Portugals not onely by reason of the warre which followed but also for the dearth and plague for that the season hauing beene verie drie the fruit of the earth was in a manner all lost neither had the husbandmen in many places reaped what was sowne besides there came not from Fraunce and Germanie such quantitie of corne as was vsuall But this miserie was supportable in regard of the rest for neuer was the scarsitie so great but things necessarie would be found for money That of the contagion was most cruell for hauing runne through Italy Germanie England and a part of Fraunce it came finally into this Realme from whence it spread throughout all Spaine but most of all in the citie of Lisbone hauing begonne lightly the yeere before it increased at the entring of this spring and so augmented all sommer but declined in the fall This contagious mortalitie
vneasie landing beeing of all parts rough and inaccessible but in some fewe places which it was likely they woulde fortifie and guard They saide that the garrisons of strangers which they vnderstoode were there were they neuer so fewe with the inhabitants of the Iland were sufficient to hinder their landing They made great reckoning of the roughnes of the sea the which commonly suffreth not any ships to ride there aboue two moneths in the yeere concluding it was better deferre it then attempt it in vaine as they had twise done with small honor They said that the assurance of the enterprise consisted in delay for that the Iland shoulde bee neither stronger nor better furnished then it was at that instant seeing their strength is by nature that a great garrison cannot long liue there that by delaying the inhabitants themselues will be aduised for besides the insolencie of the French wanting their traffique with Spaine they shoulde growe so poore as they will soone acknowledge their errours That the ships from the Indies made so small stay at the Ilands as they had no neede of them but onely to take in fresh water wherewith they may furnish themselues at Saint Michaels These reasons helde the Catholique king in suspence and for that he was a friend to peace he enclined to delay but as the newes from Fraunce Flaunders and England did varie so did they hasten or slacke the preparation for the enterprise In this sorte and with no small trouble of minde the three first moneths in the yeere 1582. passed away but hauing intelligence at the spring that they did arme many ships both in Fraunce Flaunders and England and that they were meant for Portugall that the Turke notwithstanding his warre against the Sophy threatned to send forth his galleies that certaine troupes of foote were come out of Fraunce vnto the Marquisat of Salusses the King thought it expedient to arme both to performe this enterprise of the Ilands as for the guarde of many places where he might be endomaged He thought it a hard thing and vnwoorthie to suffer the states of the Low-Countries to be wrested from him by the Duke of Alançon without reuenge He did foresee that the charge would bee verie great and that he was furnished with little money and lesse credite for by meanes of the decree he had made against the merchants he was cause of more hurt to himselfe then to his creditors The prouisions it behooued him to make were all forced for hee could not doe lesse then prouide for Italy as well in regarde of the French as of the Turke Hee must of force entertaine an armie in Portugall for although the Realme were in shew quiet yet the Portugals being of a stirring humor he could not auoide to arme a nauie sufficient to encounter the Fleete He thought it necessarie to prouide for Flanders if not wholy to recouer those estates yet for feare he should loose more But that which troubled the King more then all the rest was the shippes which hee expected this yeere from the Indies and New-found lands fearing that the French hauing the aduantage of the Ilands might spoile them finding that some Pirat had not onely passed into that sea but also threatned to assaile the Iland of Saint Michael and that of the Maderes And therefore the King began to preuent all these dangers in this manner He mustred all the foote he could in Spaine and caused them to march towardes Portugall especially to the Prouince betwixt Doro and Minio to the gouernment whereof he sent Ferrant de Toledo Prior of Saint Iean He sent the Marquesse of Saint Croixe to Seuille to arme all the great ships hee could and to prepare some galleies In Biscay he commaunded eighteene Biscaine ships to be furnished to make their randeuous in Andelouzie where they prepared their galleies and built a good number of great boats to land their souldiers He wrote into Italy to the Viceroy of Naples and to the Gouernor of Millaine that either of them should leuie 6000. Italian foote He gaue order in Germany to bring downe 10000. Germanes vnder colour to sende these two nations into Flaunders And for to be assured of the Iland of Saint Michael although that Ambrose d'Aguiar were there with one Galeon hee sent thither Peter Peixotto with fiue other shippes who arriued there in good time for certaine French Pirats were assembled to assaile it the which they did not forbeare to attempt for Peixotto with his ships lying at anchor before the city of punta Delgada three French ships leauing other sixe behinde shewed themselues supposing that with his fiue ships he would not faile to fight with them three and as hee should retire the other sixe comming to succour them they might conquer them and after this victorie assaile the Iland being weake and vnarmed But this deuise succeeded not for Peixotto who desired not to fight but to preserue the Ilande all hee could would not come foorth against those three French ships the which hee forbare the rather for that the other sixe shippes which remained behinde discouered themselues so as the Frenchmen finding they coulde not deceiue the Portugals and their ambush as one may say being discouered being loath to retire without some booty they resolued to charge Peixotto as he laie at anchor But the winde grew scant to approch to land and the artillerie from a certaine weake forte would not suffer them to ioine But the Captaines shippe being of better saile then the rest drewe so neere that hee grappled with a Portugall where they fought aboue three howers with great slaughter on both sides but the French had beene victors if Ambrose d'Aguiar who was at lande foreseeing that the losse of the ships woulde be the ouerthrowe of the Iland had not succoured Peixotto by boats sending him aboue an hundred fiftie men with the which he defended himselfe and the French shippe vnloosing itselfe retired to the rest woorse handeled then the Portugall but it was supposed that if the winde had beene any thing stronger so as the other French ships mought haue come vp to the Portugals they had beene taken in the viewe of all the Iland And for that soone after there arriued eighteene Biscaine ships at Lisbone which the king had commaunded should be armed in that Prouince he sent fower of them with sixe hundreth men for the assurance of that Iland the which arriued soone after the departure of the French Sommer was nowe come and there was still newes from Fraunce that they made greater preparation for war arming many ships in all their ports at the instance of Anthony The Catholique kings affaires went slowlier forwardes then the importance of the cause required for that it seemed the Spaniards were not yet well assured whether the French woulde turne against Portugall and not goe to the Ilands yea some beleeued that making shew to do so they woulde take their course for
Flaunders seeming more to importe wholie to assure those countries and to expell the Catholique Kings forces then to vndertake an other enterprise of greater difficultie And the assurance of this opinion did helpe the Fren̄ch for it did diuert or at the least deuided the Spanish forces and was cause that in Spaine they prepared not their armies with such expedition as was conuenient But hauing after assured intelligence that the French prepared to encounter the ships that came from the Indies and the newe founde lands the prouision for Flaunders went slowly forwarde in Italie And in Spaine they made greater haste of their nauie for the which there was want of sailers and other necessaries yet with some trouble they had prepared in Andelouzia about twentie ships and twelue galleies The Marquesse was returned to Lisbone giuing order to the nauie to goe to Cape Saint Vincent and there to attend their charge At his arriuall he found within the riuer of Tagus twenty other ships ill appointed comprehending the Biscaines and some Flemmings hired in a manner by force where hauing shipped sixe thousand Spanish foote vnder Lopo de Figueroa the Marquesse imbarked with many noble men Ferrant of Toledo going as a priuate soldier with some other gentlemen This was not the kings first intention being resolued to assemble the body of his armie in Andelouzia whither the ships of Biscay at their departure had commaundement to repaire but in sailing being come to Lisbone and hauing hired some others with the gallions of Portugall the king supposed the greatest number was there that he should spende time to cause one parte of the armie to goe seeke the other supposing they shoulde meete he commaunded both the one and the other to saile towardes Portugall as they did labouring to ioine by the way And although all this was slowly executed yet had it bin more if the king by his owne presence had not hastened their departure the which was not before the x. of Iuly in the yeere 1582. so slow are the Spaniards by nature in the execution of their businesse At that time the French armie departed with Anthony and all his followers being in number aboue threescore and ten saile and seuen thousand foote whereof Philip Strozzi and Mounsieur de Brisack were commaunders THE NINTH BOOKE The Contents of the ninth Booke The description of the Jland of Saint Michael The arriuall of the French armie there The arriuall of the Spanish armie The battaile at sea The death of Philip Strozzi and of the Count of Vimioso The voiage of Anthony to the Terceres and his manner of proceeding The sentence of the Marquesse against the prisoners and his execution The death of the Duke of Alua and his praises The new estates where Prince Philip was sworne by reason of the death of Prince Diego And how the Cardinall Archduke of Austria was made Gouernour of Portugall WHilest the French and Spanish armies sailed towards the Terceres both Courtes were in suspence and in diuers hopes of successe but in Fraunce they conceiued more assurance then in Portugall for the French not esteeming the Spanish forces helde themselues superiours in number both of ships and men and hauing the Ilands at their deuotion they stoode assured that their armie should both spoile the Indian fleete sacke the Iland of Saint Michael and ouercome the enimies armie if they ioined with them And they relied so much thereon that extending their hopes farther furthered by the promises of Anthony and of what he said that he had followers in Portugall they hoped to approch the realme and to put men on lande and to arme the vnarmed Portugals for which cause they carried great quantitie of armes and to set so firme a footing vpon the maine lande as they should easily maintaine themselues so as with this intention many Noble men and gentlemen imbarked with the Armie both for that the French are easie to mooue as also heerein to please the Queene mother In the Court of Spaine their thoughts were not all so conformeable nor so ioyfull for the Portugals being now as contrarie in their humours to the Castillians as they had beene euer making hope equall to their owne desires seeing the affaires now in equal ballance many wished they should make no resistance and many expected the comming of Anthonie The rest of the Portugals more content with the present state of the Castillians shewed great hope the warres should now ende saying they were assured they should defeat this Armie take Anthonie prisoner and either by loue or force subdue the Ilandes yet inwardly they were not well satisfied For seeing their armies deuided without hope to ioyne it seemed vnto the wisest the victorie was not so assured as some supposed and that the Spaniards by giuing battaile should hazard to lose much and winne little and contrariwise the French to winne much and loose little for that the greatest mischiefe that coulde seeme to happen to the enimies was the defeating of the Armie and taking the Ilandes from their obedience which things although they shoud all happen yet were they not of any great moment to Fraunce but if contrariwise the Spanish Armie should be defeated their losse would be equall to the French for besides the ships they should with all lose with the Iland of Saint Michaell the hope to recouer the rest the Indian Fleet withal their treasure should serue as a Pray to the French and the realme should be stil in doubt subiect to all those inconueniences which so great a losse should bring with it chiefly vnto a realme newly conquered This feare was augmented for that their Armie which consisted of good ships and was manned with good souldiers was notwithstanding vnprouided of mariners and wilde fiers whereof some were drawen by force and the Marques himselfe went with small contentment not for that hee feared but hauing beene at his departure somewhat discountenanced by the King blaming him to haue beene too slacke in the dispatch of the Armie besides going in Flemmish ships and with Germane soldiers little acquainted with the sea increased these doubts yet outwardly these men shewed a great confidence grounding the rests of their hopes vpon the qualitie of the Spanish souldiers and the greatnes of their ships Manie woondred how the wordes of Anthonie could so preuaile in Fraunce as in a maner to moue all that Court to vndertake his protection with so great vehemencie as they had done not shewing any pretention he had vnto the Crowne hauing no great hope to make him Lord nor to imploy such forces as he pretended to haue seeing that such as fauoured him were kept vnder in Portugall with great garrisons And this readines of the French seemed to them the greater for that before they had shewed themselues more slack to succour the Portugals against the Castillians when as they had a fitter occasion and a more grounded hope of good successe then now they could haue for in
the yeere of our Lord 1466. Alphonse the fifth King of Portugal going into Fraunce to demaund succours of Lewis the eleuenth for the warres which he had against the Catholique King Ferdinand he obtained nothing at all but hauing spent some time in vaine returned home in dispaire But laying aside all olde examples it seemes that if the French should haue risen in fauour of Anthonie either to aide him sincerely or to vse him as an instrument to set footing in Portugall they might haue done it with better meanes in the yeere 1580. when possibly they might haue disquieted Philip in taking of possession or at the least kept him that yeere from passing the riuer of Tagus so as it seemed strange to see Fraunce send foorth so great an Army out of season in fauour of Anthonie a fugitiue But the estate of worldly affaires considered it seemes there are new reasons wherby the French should be more easily induced then they had beene then for to haue a brother to the King of Frannce in a manner to possesse the states of Flaunders and the Queene mother to pretend to the inheritance of the Realme of Portugall and to be mooued against Philip were all subiects to draw the French readie against this Realme and diuert the Spanish forces In this while the French army arriued at the Iland of Saint Michaell the fifteene of Iuly before the Spanish and drawing neere the village of Laguna there they cast anchor and landed aboute two thousand foote This Iland hath not aboue an hundred miles in circuit it is in forme so long and narrow that extending it selfe from East to West aboue fortie miles it hath not aboue twelue in breadth that part which looketh to the South is most fertill and best inhabited for towardes the North except one village which they call Riuiera the great there are fewe dwellings Vpon that part which is towardes the South beginning from the East and at the Cape which they call Morro running towards the West there are diuers habitations The first which is fiue and twentie miles from Morro they call Villa Franca wherein there are fiue hundred houses The second Acqua de Palo the third Laguna all smally peopled The fourth is the towne which they call Punta Delgada greater then the rest the which hath vpon the West a small Castle Betwixt these dwellings there runne into the sea some promontories the first before you come to Villa Franca is called Punta de Garza the second La Gallea betwixt the saide place and Acqua de Palo betwixt Laguna and the citie there are two others but lesse that is Pugnette and Teste de Chien At the point of Pugnette towardes Laguna as I haue saide the French landed and hauing spoiled the village they marched on to seeke for greater Pray A little before Ambrose D' Aguiar who had the place of Gouernour was deceased in the towne and although his wiues sonne would haue succeeded in the Gouernment yet it seemed that Peter Peixotto Captaine of the fiue ships was amongst the Portugals of greatest authoritie but Laurence Noghera a man of courage and valour was Captaine ouer the Spanish souldiers in that which concerned matters of warre All the inhabitants being fearefull had alreadie transported their wiues and goods vnto the mountaines and hauing discouered the Armie this feare increasing the towne remained emptie of all things The chiefe beeing assembled in counsell they resolued to run their ships on ground that the enimy might haue no vse of them and goe to field with their Spanish souldiers with the Biscayne marrines and such Portugals as would goe the which was not fully executed for the Biscaines would not suffer their ships to be broken and Peter Peixotto was vnwilling to haue his men defeated yet the souldiers put themselues in order to march against the French led by Noghera and Peixotto They had gathered togither aboue two thousand Portugals who with the Castillian souldiers and Biscaine mariners made neere three thousand but Laurence Noghera being doubtfull of the Portugals before their departure exhorted them with milde wordes to fight making shew of feare that they would abandon him but they made answere offering themselues with such willingnes and courage as he hoped to preuaile and therefore issuing foorth against the enemie he hoped to force them to retire The French drew neere vnto him but hauing intelligence by their auant courrers they resolued before they approched neerer to leaue the right way and goe to the citie and castle without fighting hoping to finde all vnfurnished for this cause hauing left the sea shoare they went more to land which being knowne to Noghera altering his course he went to encounter them The skirmish being begun when as the captaine hoped to vse his men hee saw his Portugals flie so as being vnable with his Castillians and Biscaines to withstande so great a force of the enimie he retired himselfe to the castell being wounded with the losse of some of his men where soone after hee died the remainder being in hope amongst the which the Bishop Peter de Castiglia behaued himselfe wisely to be able to defende themselues although they had more hope in the comming of the Catholique armie then in their forces Peter Peixotto although he were in credite amongst them yet fearing that all was lost stealing foorth by night with a carauell hee went to Lisbone to aduertise the Marquesse but it was not his happe to meete him yet was he for all this being a Portugall fauoured of the king There appeered at this time amongst the Ilands one of the Indian ships very rich yet the French were not so happie as to meete with it although it sailed almost in viewe of the Terceres for hauing intelligence by a French shippe of the occurrents of those parts hee left his right course and went to Cape Saint Vincent from thence to Lisbone in safetie The newes of these things which Peixotto brought to Lisbone did more confirme the hopes of the Anthonians then trouble the Castillians or their followers for those varied in their thoughts vpon euery small euent and to those who were more setled it seemed that hitherto the French had not onely done any thing of importance but contrarie to that which good soldiers ought to doe they had assailed this Iland For that it seemed their principal intention being to seaze vpon the Indian fleete or to cause a tumult within the realme they shoulde not busie themselues and spende time in any other action with small hope of gaine for that the Iland being weake and the towne without wals it was apparant that to be masters thereof with trouble were to labour in vaine for although they did subdue it yet the weakenesse and facilitie of landing will alwaies force them to obey whom soeuer shoulde bee master at sea besides they were in danger the Spanish fleete arriuing whilest they were troubled on lande their armie founde at
made by Arte he resolued with the aduise of the greatest part to bring his armie thither vpon Saint Annes day in the morning being the sixe and twentith of the saide moneth happily by reason of the victorie the yeere before sending in the meane time his galleies and other small barks by night by day to keepe the enimies in Allarum at diuers places but most of all at Piaggia thereby to disquiet them and to draw them thither In the meane time within the Iland both Mounsieur de Chattes and Emanuel de Sylua laboured to deuide the souldiers and munition into their seuerall places appointing the greatest force at Piaggia supposing the Marques would lande there as most conuenient Sylua although in show he seemed conceited of his forces yet had he prouided a great barke readie within the port and some boates at Altary to flie if he found it needfull Chattes was not yet satisfied for although he had men sufficient to kepe a great towne yet hee held them few for the defence of an Iland with thirtie forts the one so farre from the other as the first could not succour the last nor yet that in the middest as well for the distance of the way as also for the discommoditie and roughnes of their situation He thought it conuenient to haue a squadron of men so placed as vpon any accident he might succour where need required the which could not be effected for there were so many forts and trenches to guarde that hauing diuided his souldiers but sparingly there remained none but rather wanted He found also that hauing sufficient for that purpose he had no conuenient place to lodge them and to succour any place distressed for that placing himselfe in the middest hee were too farre from all quarters and approching to any fort it were impossible to succour the rest To prouide for those defects according to that which was possible they set certaine bels vpon the hils that the sound thereof might be a signe of succour and such as were not charged in their fortes and trenches shoulde repaire thither The Marques hauing now chosen out of his armie 4500. of his best foote amongst which was a good number of the Germanes the Italians and the companie of Portugals the regiment of Lopo de Figueroa and Augustin Inighez the night before the sixe and twentith day he imbarqued them vpon his galleies and in many other small barkes being the greatest calme that was euer and hauing giuen the allarum in many other places with greater vehemencie then before he went towards port Mole giuing order that soone after the whole armie should follow He arriued there at the point of day not being in a manner discouered by the Ilanders for that the darkenes of the night had couered them where he found they had three forts with their trenches and artillerie but ill furnished with soldiers As the galleies approched they often discharged all their artillerie against the defences to the ende that at the same instant the souldiers might more safely land the which caused more terror then hurt although they dismounted one piece of artillerie which the enemy had often discharged And although they shot often from the forts and that the place was naturally vneasie and full of rocks where their discent was broken yet these nations one in enuie of another contemning all perill lept to lande and he that could not easily attaine thereunto cast himselfe willingly into the sea for more haste although the ground vpon the shore were soft and those fewe Portugals which were there were not the last but in the point shewing greatest courage There was within the forte whither these men marched three ensignes of souldiers whereof two were Portugals and one French which made in all but two hundred men against whom all these souldiers marched running furiously without order to the assault for that the seat and the neernes of the enemy gaue them neither place nor time to put themselues in order The French resisted valiantly but for that they were fewe preuailed little In the beginning they slew a Captaine and an ensigne bearer of them without with fiue and twentie or thirtie other souldiers but some within being wounded the Captaine of the French slaine one of the cōpanies of Portugals left the defence where they had a litle but fearfully fought The other company which remained made some more resistance but hearing the bels ring no succors come seeing also some of their friēds dying they abandoned the trench so as the French remaining all alone some of them being already dead they were not able to make resistance against so many assailants so as in lesse then an hower the Marques men were masters of those forts trēches with small losse The newes of this assault being bruted throughout the Iland the French the greatest part whereof remained towards Piaggia hearing the sounde of the bels and viewing the signes of fire ranne to the succour and were followed by Emanuel de Silua with many Portugals But the way was so long and vneasie hauing fower or fiue miles to march that they were not come halfe way before the enimies were masters of the fortes and trenches so as hauing made a stande vpon a little hill neere vnto Saint Sebastian they put themselues in order to march against the Castillians But on the other side the rest of the armie during this assault landed being mounted to a small hill they framed a confused squadron of all nations togither for the more dispatch and to be readie against the succours that came but there was small need for the French and Portugals would not approch and such as had abandoned the trenches turned not vntill they were ioined to the rest So as the Marques hauing more respite then he expected changed his esquadron into a new forme deuiding euery nation and hauing marched a little forward they began the skirmish on both sides with great courage and fortune after her accustomed manner did long plaie her part For although the French were so fewe in number yet they did twise recouer from the Spaniards their first rampiers at the third time they came to the second But the Marques finding that the want of pikes was cause of this disorder hauing placed some Germaines and encreased his strength against the French they did better withstande their furie the which notwithstanding continued not long for being noone before that Emanuel de Silua had made prouision of victuals they were so wearied with the watches of the last night with the way they had marched and with fasting that they coulde not continue yet the skirmish lasted sometimes with more vehemencie sometimes with lesse vntill night Neere vnto them the Portugals had gathered together aboue a thousand oxen thinking to force them against the enimie to breake them and to make proofe of that which they had tried two yeeres past against Peter de Baldes his men but Chattes did
the rocke of Saint Iulian 202. his answere to Anthonie 205. his speech to his souldiers 212. the order of his armie ibid. blamed for slacknes 218. his prayses 220. blamed and his excuses 223. his souldiers complaine 245. his death with his prayse and dispraise 300 E EDward de Castro beheaded by Anthonie 292 Eluas taken 155 Emanuel de Silua staies at the Terceres 298. his carriage there 307. his flight hindred 318. taken and executed with others 323 Empresse Marie comes to Lisbone 271 Estates at Almerin 109. begon by the Bishop of Leiria 110 Estate of Fraunce and Flaunders 265 Euora yeelded 175 F FActions in Oliuenza 161 Feare in the citie of Lisbone 207 Flight of Teglio 167 Figueroa arriues at the Terceres and returnes to Lisbone 263 Fonsequa his speech for the creation of Anthonie 165 Fortresse of Settuuall yeelded 184 Francis de Tauora slaine in the battaile pag. 48 Francis de Melo Earle of Tentuguell writes to king Sebastian 18 Francis Barretto sent by the Portugals to the French king for succors 139 Francis de Valois Duke of Alanson enimy to king Philip and why 266. sworne Duke of Brabant 268. seeks to be master of Antwerpe but in vaine 305 Francis de Villafagna Auditor of the Councell of state sent to Lisbone by king Philip 244 French armie arriues at S. Michaels 280. their first encounter 282. they disagree 288. they are beheaded and hanged 295. displeased with their ouerthrowe 299. they spoile the Ilands of Cape Vert 307. they compound with the Spaniards at the Terceres 320. sent to the gallies 324 G GAllies arriue at the Terceres in safetie 312 Generals ship of the French taken by the Spaniards 291 George de Meneses generall at sea imprisoned by Anthonies command pag. 186 Gouernors of Portugal published 99. they prepare for defence 132. their inconstancie 148. they neglect the defence of Lisbone 163. they flie from Settuuall 168. their decree 178 H HAmet proclaimed by the Moores 52. his couetousnes 53 Henry Cardinall called to the crowne of Portugal 55. sworne king 57. his resolution comming to the crowne 64. he fauors the Dutchesse of Bragance 76. he desires to marrie 80. his sentence against the Prior touching his legitimation 87. he changeth his minde in fauour of Philip 97. he falleth sicke and dies 116. his life 117 Henry Pereira hanged 198 Hopes of the French armie at sea with Strozzi 278 Hope of the Spanish court touching their armie at sea 279 I IEan de Betancour affected to Philip pag. 256 Ieron Mendoza treats with Anthonie 260 Iesuits called Apostles in Portugall not able to redresse the corruptions of the Portugals 9. blamed as moters of Sebastians voiage into Africke II. walled vp at the Terceres 243 Iohn de Silua Ambassadour for Philip in Portugall deliuered and returns out of Africke 74. he labours to be sent backe into Portugall 82 Iohn d'Austria gouernoūr of Flaunders for king Philip 23 Iohn d'Azeuedo admirall of Portugall taken prisoner by the Castillians 176 Iland of the Terceres described 313 Iland of Saint Michael described 280 Inhabitants of Fayall kill a trumpetter that was sent vnto them 322. are taken 323 Irishmen demaund succours of the Pope against their Prince 27 L LAwes made betweene Mahumet Cheriffe and Hamet his brother touching the succession of the realme 14 Legate visites the king 192 Leon Henriquez Confessor to Henrie supposed to haue drawne him to fauour Philips title 98 Letters and a present from the Duke of Alua to king Sebastian 38 Lewes Dataide Cont of Toghia sent Viceroie to the Indies by Sebastian 25. obeies king Philip 262 Lisbone chiefe citie of Portugall 3 yeeldes to the Duke of Alua 217 sweares obedience to Philip 221 Lucciali comes to Algier with seuenty gallies 265 M MAgistrate of Lisbone perswades Anthony to compound 208. Mahamet sonne to Abdala kils his vncle 14. is expelled by his vncle Moluc and seekes for succour of Philip and Sebastian 15. disswades Sebastian to go in person into Africk 26. despeares of the victory 36. disswades the battaile 41. is drowned in Mucazen 51. his skinne fleied off 53 Manner of the enterprise of Portugal pag. 132 Marques of Saint Cruz arriues at Settuuall with an armie by sea 183. he imbarkes for the Terceres 277. he resolues to fight with the French and the order of his battaile 285. he defeats them and giueth sentence against the prisoners 294 he landeth some men at the Terceres 316 his skirmish with the French 317. taketh S. Sebastian 319. sends to Faiall 320 Martin Gonsalues sent to the deputies of the realme 118 Messenger sent to Cardinall Henrie from king Philip 55 Meneses blamed and his excuses 195 Mulei Moluc prepares against the Portugals 31. his meanes to defeat them 34. his aduise to the king of Portugal 36. his speech to his brother 38. his armie 39. the ordering thereof 42. his oration to his soldiers 43. his feare and death 47 Mutinie at Coimbra 112 N NAmes of the chiefe men slaine in the bataile of Africke 52 Number of the Christians Moores slaine in the battaile ibid. Number slaine in the battaile at Alcantara 218 Number slaine in the battaile at sea pag. 293 O OFfer made by Moluc to the kings of Spaine and Portugall 31 Oliuenza yeelded to the Catholique king 158 Opinions touching the passage of the riuer of Tagus 192 Order of the Portugals and Moores armie 41 42 Originall of the hatred betwixt the Portugals and Castillians 5 P PArleament at Tomar 248 Peiyoxto sent to Saint Michaels fought with by French ships 276 Peter d'Alcasoua sent ambassadour to Philip 16 punished by Henry and the cause 64 Peter de Medici generall of the Italians 134 Peter Dora Consul of the French sent into Fraunce for Anthonie 178 he remaines there with the money he receiued 188 Peter de Toledo landes at Faiall and spoiles it 322 Philip king of Spaine meetes with Sebastian at Guadalupa 15 perswades him to accept of Molucs offer 20. labors to diuert Sebastian from Africke 24. accepts peace Sebastians bodie 56. claimes the crowne of Portugal 61. writes to the city of Lisbone 72. sendes a Iacobin into Portugall 80. erects a councell for the affaires of Portugal 81. his reasōs against the other pretēdents 81 his reasons for his pretētion 81. he giueth Henry notice of his right 91. he prepares to war against the Portugals 92. his care to assure his conscience for the realme of Portugall 126. his answere to the Portugals 144. he takes possession of the realme 152. his armie is wasted 153. his letters to the inhabitants of Eluas 156. his letters to Anthonie 159. proclaimed at Oliuenza 162. his answer to the Duke of Bragance 171. his pardon to the Portugals 201. he falleth sick 221. he enters into Portugall by Eluas 238. he visits the Dutchesse of Bragance 247. sworne king at Toruas with the prince Diego 248. his entrie into Lisbone 253. his recompence to the Portugals 270. he prepares against the Terceres 273. he
to his soldiers The stratagem of Auila to passe the riuer The oration of Anthony to his soldiers The flight of Anthony to Viana The flight of the Portugals The citie of Porto yeelded The taking of Viana Anthonie saues himselfe on the other side of the riuer Minio in danger to be taken The death of Queene Anne The King enters into Portugall by the citie of Eluas The description of the Ilands of Terceraes and the inhabitants thereof The resolution of the inhabitants of Terceraes The Iesuits walled vp at the Terceraes The Popes offer against England The complaint of the Dukes soldiers The auditor of Gallicia sent to Auilas campe The Councell of the Kings chamber The King visites the Duchesse of Bragance The King sworne at Tomar and the Prince Diego The kings pardon to the Portugals The beginning of the parliament at Tomar The demands of the Estates Touching the Vniuersitie of Coimbra The Pope seemes content with the successe of Portugall The Portugals animated and wherefore The Kings entrie to Lisbone The speech of the Magistrate of Lisbone to the king The Portugals discontented The councell of state of Portugall reduced vnto two Baldes attempt vpon the Terceraes The preparation of them of Angra against Baldes Iohn de Betancour affect to the King A stratagem with oxen made by a religious man The ill successe of Baldes soldiers The crueltie of those of Tercera The defeate of Baldes is preiudiciall vnto the king The Priors good fortune Ierom Mendoza treateth an agreement with the Prior. Anthonie arriues at Caleis The Indian fleete expected and the discourse of their arriuall The Indian fleete met with a French ship neere the Terceres The diligence of Anthony to haue the fleete The fleete arrtues at Lisbone The arriuall of Figueroa at the Terceres and his returne to Lisbone Baldes imprisoned in Portugall The preparation of them of Terceres A miracle performed by the Iesits The estate of Fraunce and Flaunders The Queene of Fraunce discontented with Philip and the cause The Duke of Alancon sworn Duke of Brabant Preparation of the french against the Terceres The Prince of Orenge wounded by a Biscaine The kings recompence to the Portugals The Empresse Mary comes to Lisbone The Cardinall of Austria made Gouernour of Portugal The Terceres in confusion The cariage of Emanuel de Sylua at the Terceres The preparation at Lisbone against the Terceres and the aduise vpon this enterprise The Catholique King armes in all places and the cause The kings order in preparing Peixotto sent to Saint Michaels fought with by certaine French ships The Marquesse of Saint Cruze embarkes for the Terceres The hopes of the French armie at sea with Strozzi The hopes of the Court of Spaine touching the Armie at sea The arriuall of the French ar mie at the Ilande of Saint Michael and the description thereof Or the dogs head The death of Ambrose D Aguiar The first encounter of the French The arriuall of the Spanish armie at the Ilands The Marques resolues to fight The Marques order for his battell The Marques gets the wind of the French armie The French disagree The beginning of the fight at sea Mounsier Brisac flies The death of Strozzi and of the Count Vimioso Apriest dies for feare The number of the dead in the battel Edward de Castro beheaded by Anthonie Anthony his voyage to the Terceres and his atchieuements there The sentence of the Marques against the French prisoners The Spaniards discontented with the sentence and the reason The Spanish soldiers entreat for the French The French beheaded and hanged * A kinde of small ship The carriage of Anthonie after the sea fight The departure of Anthonie for Fraunce Emanuell de Silua staies at the Terceres The French displeased at their ouerthrow The amplification of pardon towards the Portugals The death of Duke of Alua his commendation The blames of the Duke of Alua. The obsequies of Sebastian and other Princes Portugals A reformation of the Kalendar A new assembly of estates at Lisbone where the prince Philip was sworne Cardinall Albert made gouernour of Portugall The kings departure from Portugall The death of Auila The French spoile the Ilands of Cape Vert. The carriage of Silua at the Terceres The Kings preparation against the Terceraes The discourse in Spaine vpon this enterprise Mounsieur de Chattes sent to succour the Iland A discourse betweene Chattes and Silua vpon the strength of the Iland The kings armie departs from Lisbone The description of the Terceres The arriual of the kings army at the Terceres and their proceedings The diligence of the Ilanders for their defence The landing of some of the Marques his men The first assault giuen by the Marques his men The second landing of the Marques with his men and their skirmish against the French Silua his flight hindred The Portugals abandon the French The Marques takes S. Sebastian Angra put to be spoiled three daies The Portugall shippes spoiled The Marques sends to Fayall The French compound with the Spaniards The condition of the accorde Chattes doth visite the Marques They of Faiall kill a trumpet that was sent vnto them The landing of Peter de Toledo at Fatal and the sacke thereof Anthony Guedez de Sosa hanged by the arme and wherefore Emanuel de Silua taken and executed with others The French men sent to the galleies