Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n
Text snippets containing the quad
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Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) |
STC |
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A60214
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Discourses concerning government by Algernon Sidney ... ; published from an original manuscript of the author.
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Sidney, Algernon, 1622-1683.
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1698
(1698)
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Wing S3761; ESTC R11837
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539,730
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470
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right_a we_o do_v not_o know_v who_o be_v near_o to_o he_o all_o mankind_n must_v inherit_v the_o right_n to_o which_o every_o one_o have_v a_o equal_a title_n and_o that_o which_o be_v dominion_n if_o in_o one_o when_o it_o be_v equal_o divide_v among_o all_o man_n be_v that_o universal_a liberty_n which_o i_o assert_v wherefore_o i_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o choice_n of_o such_o as_o have_v inherit_v our_o author_n opinion_n to_o produce_v this_o jew_n or_o turk_n that_o ought_v to_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n or_o to_o prove_v a_o better_a title_n in_o some_o other_o person_n and_o to_o persuade_v all_o the_o prince_n and_o nation_n of_o the_o world_n to_o submit_v if_o this_o be_v not_o do_v it_o must_v be_v confess_v this_o paternal_a right_n be_v a_o mere_a whimsical_a fiction_n and_o that_o no_o man_n by_o birth_n have_v a_o right_a above_o another_o or_o can_v have_v any_o unless_o by_o the_o concession_n of_o those_o who_o be_v concern_v if_o this_o right_a to_o a_o universal_a empire_n be_v divisible_a noah_n do_v actual_o divide_v it_o among_o his_o three_o son_n seventy_o and_o two_o absolute_a monarch_n do_v at_o once_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o multitude_n that_o have_v assemble_v at_o babel_n noah_n nor_o his_o son_n nor_o any_o of_o the_o holy_a seed_n nor_o probable_o any_o elder_a than_o nimrod_n have_v be_v there_o many_o other_o monarch_n must_v necessary_o have_v arisen_a from_o they_o abraham_n as_o our_o author_n say_v be_v a_o king_n lot_n must_v have_v be_v so_o also_o for_o they_o be_v equal_n his_o son_n ammon_n and_o moab_n have_v no_o dependence_n upon_o the_o descendants_n of_o abraham_n ishmael_n and_o esau_n set_v up_o for_o themselves_o and_o great_a nation_n come_v of_o they_o abraham_n son_n by_o keturah_n do_v so_o also_o that_o be_v to_o say_v every_o one_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o come_v to_o be_v of_o age_n to_o provide_v for_o himself_o do_v so_o without_o retain_v any_o dependence_n upon_o the_o stock_n from_o whence_o he_o come_v those_o of_o that_o stock_n or_o the_o head_n of_o it_o pretend_v to_o no_o right_o over_o those_o who_o go_v from_o they_o nay_o nearness_n in_o blood_n be_v so_o little_o regard_v that_o though_o lot_n be_v abraham_n brother_n son_n eliezer_n his_o servant_n have_v be_v his_o heir_n if_o he_o have_v die_v childless_a the_o like_a continue_a among_o jacob_n son_n no_o jurisdiction_n be_v give_v to_o one_o above_o the_o rest_n a_o equal_a division_n of_o land_n be_v make_v among_o they_o their_o judge_n and_o magistrate_n be_v of_o several_a tribe_n and_o family_n without_o any_o other_o preference_n of_o one_o before_o another_o than_o what_o do_v arise_v from_o the_o advantage_n god_n have_v give_v to_o any_o particular_a person_n this_o i_o take_v to_o be_v a_o proof_n of_o the_o utmost_a extent_n and_o certainty_n that_o the_o equality_n among_o mankind_n be_v then_o perfect_a he_o therefore_o that_o will_v deny_v it_o to_o be_v so_o now_o aught_o to_o prove_v that_o neither_o the_o prophet_n patriarch_n or_o any_o other_o man_n do_v ever_o understand_v or_o regard_v the_o law_n deliver_v by_o god_n and_o nature_n to_o mankind_n or_o that_o have_v be_v common_a and_o free_a at_o the_o first_o and_o so_o continue_v for_o many_o hundred_o of_o year_n after_o the_o flood_n it_o be_v afterward_o abolish_v and_o a_o new_a one_o introduce_v he_o that_o assert_v this_o must_v prove_v it_o but_o till_o it_o do_v appear_v to_o we_o when_o where_o how_o and_o by_o who_o this_o be_v do_v we_o may_v safe_o believe_v there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n and_o that_o no_o man_n be_v or_o can_v be_v a_o lord_n among_o we_o till_o we_o make_v he_o so_o and_o that_o by_o nature_n we_o be_v all_o brethren_n our_o author_n by_o endeavour_v far_o to_o illustrate_v the_o patriarchical_a power_n destroy_v it_o and_o can_v deny_v to_o any_o man_n the_o right_n which_o he_o acknowledge_v to_o have_v be_v in_o ishmael_n and_o esau._n but_o if_o every_o man_n have_v a_o right_a of_o set_v up_o for_o himself_o with_o his_o family_n or_o before_o he_o have_v any_o he_o can_v but_o have_v a_o right_n of_o join_v with_o other_o if_o he_o please_v as_o his_o join_n or_o not_o join_v with_o other_o and_o the_o choice_n of_o those_o other_o depend_v upon_o his_o own_o will_n he_o can_v but_o have_v a_o right_n of_o judge_v upon_o what_o condition_n it_o be_v good_a for_o he_o to_o enter_v into_o such_o a_o society_n as_o must_v necessary_o hinder_v he_o from_o exercise_v the_o right_n which_o he_o have_v original_o in_o himself_o but_o as_o it_o can_v be_v imagine_v that_o man_n shall_v general_o put_v such_o fetter_n upon_o themselves_o unless_o it_o be_v in_o expectation_n of_o a_o great_a good_a that_o be_v thereby_o to_o accrue_v to_o they_o no_o more_o can_v be_v require_v to_o prove_v that_o they_o do_v voluntary_o enter_v into_o these_o society_n institute_v they_o for_o their_o own_o good_a and_o prescribe_v such_o rule_n and_o form_n to_o they_o as_o best_o please_v themselves_o without_o give_v account_n to_o any_o but_o if_o every_o man_n be_v free_a till_o he_o enter_v into_o such_o a_o society_n as_o he_o choose_v for_o his_o own_o good_a and_o those_o society_n may_v regulate_v themselves_o as_o they_o think_v fit_a no_o more_o can_v be_v require_v to_o prove_v the_o natural_a equality_n in_o which_o all_o man_n be_v bear_v and_o continue_v till_o they_o resign_v it_o as_o into_o a_o common_a stock_n in_o such_o measure_n as_o they_o think_v fit_a for_o the_o constitute_n of_o society_n for_o their_o own_o good_a which_o i_o assert_v and_o our_o author_n deny_v sect_n xiii_o there_o be_v no_o shadow_n of_o a_o paternal_a kingdom_n among_o the_o hebrew_n nor_o precept_n for_o it_o our_o author_n be_v so_o modest_a to_o confess_v that_o jacob_n kingdom_n consist_v of_o seventy_o two_o person_n be_v swallow_v up_o by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o great_a monarch_n pharaoh_n but_o if_o this_o be_v a_o act_n of_o tyranny_n it_o be_v strange_a that_o the_o sacred_a and_o eternal_a right_n ground_v upon_o the_o immutable_a law_n of_o god_n and_o nature_n shall_v not_o be_v restore_v to_o god_n choose_a people_n when_o he_o deliver_v they_o from_o that_o tyranny_n why_o be_v not_o jacob_n monarchy_n confer_v upon_o his_o right_a heir_n how_o come_v the_o people_n to_o neglect_v a_o point_n of_o such_o importance_n or_o if_o they_o do_v forget_v it_o why_o do_v not_o moses_n put_v they_o in_o mind_n of_o it_o why_o do_v not_o jacob_n declare_v to_o who_o it_o do_v belong_v or_o if_o he_o be_v understand_v to_o have_v declare_v it_o in_o say_v the_o sceptre_n shall_v not_o depart_v from_o judah_n why_o be_v it_o not_o deliver_v into_o his_o hand_n or_o into_o his_o heir_n if_o he_o be_v hard_a to_o be_v find_v in_o a_o people_n of_o one_o kindred_n but_o four_o degree_n remove_v from_o jacob_n their_o head_n who_o be_v exact_a in_o observe_v genealogy_n how_o can_v we_o hope_v to_o find_v he_o after_o so_o many_o thousand_o year_n when_o we_o do_v not_o so_o much_o as_o know_v from_o who_o we_o be_v derive_v or_o rather_o how_o come_v that_o right_a which_o be_v eternal_a and_o universal_a to_o have_v be_v nip_v in_o the_o bud_n and_o so_o abolish_v before_o it_o can_v take_v any_o effect_n in_o the_o world_n as_o never_o to_o have_v be_v hear_v of_o among_o the_o gentile_n nor_o the_o people_n of_o god_n either_o before_o or_o after_o the_o captivity_n from_o the_o death_n of_o jacob_n to_o this_o day_n this_o i_o assert_v and_o i_o give_v up_o the_o cause_n if_o i_o do_v not_o prove_v it_o to_o this_o end_n i_o begin_v with_o moses_n and_o aaron_n the_o first_o ruler_n of_o the_o people_n who_o be_v neither_o of_o the_o elder_a tribe_n according_a to_o birth_n nor_o the_o disposition_n of_o jacob_n if_o he_o do_v or_o can_v give_v it_o to_o any_o nor_o be_v they_o of_o the_o elder_a line_n of_o their_o own_o tribe_n and_o even_o between_o they_o the_o superiority_n be_v give_v to_o moses_n who_o be_v the_o young_a as_o it_o be_v say_v i_o have_v make_v thou_o a_o god_n to_o pharaoh_n and_o aaron_n thy_o brother_n shall_v be_v thy_o prophet_n if_o moses_n be_v a_o king_n as_o our_o author_n say_v but_o i_o deny_v and_o shall_v hereafter_o prove_v the_o matter_n be_v worse_o he_o must_v have_v be_v a_o usurper_n of_o a_o most_o unjust_a dominion_n over_o his_o brethren_n and_o this_o patriarchical_a power_n which_o by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n be_v to_o be_v perpetual_o fix_v in_o his_o descendants_n perish_v with_o he_o and_o his_o son_n continue_v in_o a_o obscure_a rank_n among_o the_o levite_n joshua_n of_o the_o tribe_n of_o ephraim_n succeed_v he_o
the_o commonwealth_n be_v name_v wherever_o the_o multitude_n or_o so_o much_o as_o the_o major_a part_n of_o it_o consent_v either_o by_o voice_n or_o procuration_n to_o the_o election_n of_o a_o prince_n not_o observe_v that_o if_o a_o answer_n can_v not_o be_v give_v he_o do_v overthrow_v the_o right_n of_o all_o the_o prince_n that_o be_v or_o ever_o have_v be_v in_o the_o world_n for_o if_o the_o liberty_n of_o one_o man_n can_v be_v limit_v or_o diminish_v by_o one_o or_o any_o number_n of_o man_n and_o none_o can_v give_v away_o the_o right_n of_o another_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o the_o ambition_n of_o one_o man_n or_o of_o many_o a_o faction_n of_o citizen_n or_o the_o mutiny_n of_o a_o army_n can_v give_v a_o right_n to_o any_o over_o the_o liberty_n of_o a_o whole_a nation_n those_o who_o be_v so_o set_v up_o have_v their_o root_n in_o violence_n or_o fraud_n and_o be_v rather_o to_o be_v account_v robber_n and_o pirate_n than_o magistrate_n leo_fw-la africanus_n observe_v in_o his_o history_n that_o since_o the_o extinction_n of_o mahomet_n africa_n race_n to_o who_o his_o countryman_n think_v god_n have_v give_v the_o empire_n of_o the_o world_n their_o prince_n do_v not_o come_v in_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o those_o nation_n which_o they_o govern_v say_v that_o they_o be_v esteem_v thief_n and_o that_o on_o this_o account_n the_o most_o honourable_a man_n among_o the_o arabian_n and_o moor_n scorn_v to_o eat_v drink_v or_o make_v alliance_n with_o they_o and_o if_o the_o case_n be_v as_o general_a as_o that_o author_n make_v it_o no_o better_a rule_n can_v be_v any_o where_o follow_v by_o honourable_a and_o worthy_a men._n but_o a_o good_a cause_n must_v not_o be_v lose_v by_o the_o fault_n of_o a_o ill_a advocate_n the_o right_n of_o king_n must_v not_o perish_v because_o filmer_n know_v not_o how_o to_o defend_v or_o do_v malicious_o betray_v they_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v that_o david_n and_o divers_a of_o the_o judge_n be_v choose_v by_o all_o israel_n jeroboam_n by_o ten_o tribe_n all_o the_o king_n of_o rome_n except_o tarquin_n the_o proud_a by_o the_o whole_a city_n i_o may_v add_v many_o example_n of_o the_o saxon_n in_o our_o own_o country_n ina_n and_o offa_n be_v make_v king_n omnium_fw-la consensu_fw-la these_o all_o be_v express_v plain_o by_o the_o paris_n word_n archiepiscopis_fw-la episcopis_fw-la abbatibus_fw-la senatoribus_fw-la ducibus_fw-la &_o populo_fw-la terrae_fw-la egbert_n and_o ethelward_n come_v to_o the_o crown_n by_o the_o same_o authority_n omnium_fw-la consensu_fw-la rex_fw-la creature_n ethelwolf_n the_o monk_n necessitate_v polid._n cogente_fw-la factus_fw-la est_fw-la rex_fw-la &_o consensus_fw-la publicus_fw-la in_o regem_fw-la dari_fw-la petiit_fw-la ethelstan_n though_o a_o bastard_n electus_n est_fw-la magno_fw-la consensu_fw-la optimatum_fw-la &_o a_o huntingd_v populo_fw-la consalutatus_fw-la in_o the_o like_a manner_n edwin_n government_n be_v dislike_v they_o choose_v edgar_n vnanimi_fw-la omnium_fw-la conspiration_n edwino_fw-la dejecto_fw-la eligerunt_fw-la deo_fw-la dictante_fw-la edgarum_fw-la in_o regem_fw-la &_o annuente_fw-la populo_fw-la hoveden_n and_o in_o another_o place_n edgarus_n ab_fw-la omni_fw-la anglorum_fw-la populo_fw-la electus_fw-la est_fw-la ironside_n be_v deâ—d_v canutus_n be_v receive_v by_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o all_o juraverunt_fw-la illi_fw-la quod_fw-la eum_fw-la regem_fw-la sibi_fw-la eligere_fw-la vellent_fw-la foedus_fw-la florent_fw-la etiam_fw-la cum_fw-la principibus_fw-la &_o omni_fw-la populo_fw-la ipse_fw-la &_o illi_fw-la cum_fw-la ipso_fw-la percusserunt_fw-la whereupon_o omnium_fw-la consensu_fw-la super_fw-la totam_fw-la angliam_fw-la canutus_n coronatur_fw-la huntinâ—d_n hardicanutus_n gaudenter_fw-la ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la suscipitur_fw-la &_o electus_fw-la est_fw-la the_o same_o author_n say_v that_o edward_n the_o confessor_n electus_n est_fw-la in_o regem_fw-la ab_fw-la omni_fw-la populo_fw-la and_o another_o omnium_fw-la electione_n in_o edwardum_fw-la concordatur_fw-la ingulf_n though_o the_o name_n of_o conqueror_n be_v odious_o give_v to_o william_n the_o norman_a he_o have_v the_o same_o title_n to_o the_o crown_n with_o his_o predecessor_n in_o magna_fw-la exultatione_n a_o clero_fw-la &_o populo_fw-la susceptus_fw-la &_o ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la rex_fw-la acclamatus_fw-la i_o can_v recite_v all_o the_o example_n of_o this_o kind_n that_o the_o history_n of_o almost_o all_o nation_n furnish_v unless_o i_o shall_v make_v a_o volume_n in_o bulk_n not_o inferior_a to_o the_o book_n of_o martyr_n but_o those_o which_o i_o have_v mention_v out_o of_o the_o sacred_a roman_a and_o english_a history_n be_v more_o than_o sufficient_a to_o answer_v our_o author_n challenge_n i_o take_v liberty_n to_o add_v that_o though_o there_o can_v not_o be_v one_o example_n produce_v of_o a_o prince_n or_o any_o other_o magistrate_n choose_v by_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o the_o people_n or_o by_o the_o major_a part_n of_o they_o it_o can_v be_v of_o no_o advantage_n to_o the_o cause_n he_o have_v undertake_v to_o maintain_v for_o when_o a_o people_n have_v either_o indefinite_o or_o under_o certain_a condition_n and_o limitation_n resign_v their_o power_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o man_n or_o agree_v upon_o rule_n according_a to_o which_o person_n shall_v from_o time_n to_o time_n be_v depute_v for_o the_o management_n of_o their_o affair_n the_o act_n of_o those_o person_n if_o their_o power_n be_v without_o restriction_n be_v of_o the_o same_o value_n as_o the_o act_n of_o the_o whole_a nation_n and_o the_o assent_n of_o every_o individual_a man_n be_v comprehend_v in_o they_o if_o the_o power_n be_v limit_v whatsoever_o be_v do_v according_a to_o that_o limitation_n have_v the_o same_o authority_n if_o it_o do_v therefore_o appear_v as_o be_v testify_v by_o the_o law_n and_o history_n of_o all_o our_o northern_a nation_n that_o the_o power_n of_o every_o people_n be_v either_o whole_o or_o to_o such_o a_o degree_n as_o be_v necessary_a for_o create_v king_n grant_v to_o their_o several_a gemote_n diet_n cortes_n assembly_n of_o estate_n parliament_n and_o the_o like_a all_o the_o king_n that_o they_o have_v any_o where_o or_o at_o any_o time_n choose_v do_v reign_n by_o the_o same_o authority_n and_o have_v the_o same_o right_n as_o if_o every_o individual_a man_n of_o those_o nation_n have_v assent_v to_o their_o election_n but_o that_o these_o gemote_n diet_n and_o other_o assembly_n of_o state_n have_v every_o where_o have_v such_o power_n and_o execute_v they_o by_o reject_v or_o set_v up_o king_n and_o that_o the_o king_n now_o in_o be_v among_o we_o have_v receive_v their_o beginning_n from_o such_o act_n have_v be_v full_o prove_v and_o be_v so_o plain_a in_o itself_o that_o none_o but_o those_o who_o be_v gross_o stupid_a or_o impudent_a can_v deny_v it_o which_o be_v enough_o to_o show_v that_o all_o king_n be_v not_o set_v up_o by_o violence_n deceit_n faction_n of_o a_o sew_v powerful_a man_n or_o the_o mutiny_n of_o army_n but_o from_o the_o consent_n of_o such_o multitude_n as_o join_v together_o frame_v civil_a society_n and_o either_o in_o their_o own_o person_n at_o general_a assembly_n or_o by_o their_o delegate_n confer_v a_o just_a and_o legal_a power_n upon_o they_o which_o our_o author_n reject_v he_o do_v as_o far_o as_o in_o he_o lie_v prove_v they_o all_o to_o be_v usurper_n and_o tyrant_n sect_n vi_o they_o who_o have_v a_o right_n of_o choose_v a_o king_n have_v the_o right_n of_o make_v a_o king_n though_o the_o right_n of_o magistrate_n do_v essential_o depend_v upon_o the_o consent_n of_o those_o they_o govern_v it_o be_v hardly_o worth_a our_o pain_n to_o examine_v whether_o the_o silent_a acceptation_n of_o a_o governor_n by_o part_n of_o the_o people_n be_v a_o argument_n of_o their_o concur_v in_o the_o election_n of_o he_o or_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n the_o tacit_n consent_n of_o the_o whole_a commonwealth_n may_v be_v maintain_v for_o when_o the_o question_n be_v concern_v right_o fraudulent_a surmise_n be_v of_o no_o value_n much_o less_o will_v it_o from_o thence_o follow_v that_o a_o prince_n command_v by_o succession_n conquest_n or_o usurpation_n may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v elect_v by_o the_o people_n for_o evident_a mark_n of_o dissent_n be_v often_o give_v some_o declare_v their_o hatred_n other_o murmur_n more_o private_o many_o oppose_v the_o governor_n or_o government_n and_o succeed_v according_a to_o the_o measure_n of_o their_o strength_n virtue_n or_o furtune_n many_o will_v resist_v but_o can_v and_o it_o be_v ridiculous_a to_o say_v that_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o greece_n the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n or_o duchy_n of_o tuscany_n do_v tacit_o assent_v to_o the_o government_n of_o the_o great_a turk_n king_n of_o spain_n or_o duke_n of_o florence_n when_o nothing_o be_v more_o certain_a than_o that_o those_o miserable_a nation_n abhor_v the_o tyranny_n they_o be_v under_o and_o if_o they_o be_v not_o master_v by_o a_o power_n that_o