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A42668 The history of four-footed beasts and serpents describing at large their true and lively figure, their several names, conditions, kinds, virtues ... countries of their breed, their love and hatred to mankind, and the wonderful work by Edward Topsell ; whereunto is now added, The theater of insects, or, Lesser living creatures ... by T. Muffet ...; Historie of foure-footed beasts Topsell, Edward, 1572-1625?; Topsell, Edward, 1572-1625? Historie of serpents.; Gesner, Konrad, 1516-1565. Historia animalium Liber 1. English.; Gesner, Konrad, 1516-1565. Historia animalium Liber 5. English.; Moffett, Thomas, 1553-1604. Insectorum sive minimorum animalium theatrum. English.; Rowland, John, M.D. 1658 (1658) Wing G624; ESTC R6249 1,956,367 1,026

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hand is the making or efficient cause and for the worthinesse of that divine story how God maketh and taketh away Frogs I will expresse it as it is left by the holy Ghost in ch 8. Exod. ver 5. Also the Lord said unto Moses say thou unto Aaron stretch thou out thy band with thy rod upon the streams upon the rivers and upon the ponds and cause Frogs to come upon the land of Egypt Ver. 6. Then Aaron stretched out his hand upon the waters of Egypt and the Frogs came up and covered the land of Egypt Vers 7. And the Sorcerers did likewise with their Sorceries and brought Frogs upon the land of Egypt Vers 8. Then Pharaoh called for Moses and Aaron and said Pray ye unto the Lord that he may take away the Frogs from me and from my people and I will let the people go that they may do sacrifice to the Lord. Vers 9. And Moses said unto Pharaoh concerning me Command when I shall pray for thee and thy servants and thy people to destroy the Frogs from thee and from thy houses that they may remain in the River only Vers 10. Then he said to morrow and he answered Be it as thou hast said that thou mayst know that there is none like the Lord our God Vers 11. So the Frogs shall depart from thee and from thy houses and from thy people and from thy servants only they shall remain in the River Ver. 12. Then Moses and Aaron went out from Pharaoh and Moses cryed unto the Lord concerning the Frogs which he had sent unto Pharaoh Vers 13. And the Lord did according to the saying of Moses so the Frogs dyed in the houses and in the Towns and in the fields Vers 14. And they gathered them together by heaps and the land stank of them c. And this was the second plague of Egypt wherein the Lord turned all the Fishes into Frogs as the Book of Wisdom saith and the Frogs ahounded in the Kings chamber and notwithstanding this great judgement of God for the present Pharaoh would not let the people go and afterwards that blinde superstitious Nation became worshippers of Frogs as Philastrius writeth thinking by this devotion or rather wickednesse in this observant manner to pacifie the wrath of God choosing their own ways before the word of Almighty God But vain is that worship which is invented without heavenly warrant and better it is to be obedient to the will of God then go about to please him with the cogitations of men although in their pretended holinesse we spend much time wealth and bloud There was one Cypselus the father of Periander who by his mother was hid in a Chest called Kypsele to be preserved from the hands of certain murtherers which were sent to kill him Wherefore afterwards the said Cypselus consecrated a house at Delphos to Apollo because he heard his crying when he was hid in a chest and preserved him In the bottom of that house was the trunk of a Palm-tree and certain Frogs pictured running out of the same but what was meant thereby is not certainly known for neither Plutarch which writeth the story nor Chersias which relateth it giveth any signification thereof but in another place where he enquireth the reason why the Oracle of Pythias gave no answer he conjectured because it was that the accursed thing brought out of the Temple of Apollo from Delphos into the Corinthian house had ingraven underneath the Brazen Palm Snakes and Frogs or else for the signification of the Sun rising The meat of Frogs thus brought forth are green herbs and Humble-bees or Shorn-bugs which they devour or catch when they come to the water to drink sometime also they are said to eat earth but as well Frogs as Toads do eat the dead Mole for the Mole devoureth them being alive In the moneth of August they never open their mouths either to take in meat or drink or to utter any voyce and their chaps are so fast joyned or closed together that you can hardly open them with your finger or with a stick The young ones of this kinde are killed by casting Long-wort or the leaves of Sea-lettice as Aelianus and Suidas write and thus much for the description of their parts generation and sustentation of these common Frogs The wisdom or disposition of the Aegyptian Frogs is much commended for they save themselves from their enemies with singular dexterity If they fall at any time upon a Water-snake which they know is their mortal enemy they take in their mouths a round Reed which with an invincible strength they hold fast never letting go although the Snake have gotten her into her mouth for by this means the Snake cannot swallow her and so she is preserved alive There is a pretty fable of a great Bull which came to the water to quench his thirst and whilest the Beast came running greedily into the water he trod in pieces two or three young Frogs then one of them which escaped with life went and told his mother the miserable misfortune and chance of his fellows she asked who it was that had so killed her young ones to whom he answered It was a great one but how great he could not tell the foolish Mother-frog desirous to have seen some body in the eyes of her son began to swell with holding in of her breath and then asked the young one if the Beast were as big as she And he answered much greater at which words she began to swel more and asked him again if the Beast were so big To whom the young one answered Mother leave your swelling for though you break your self you will never be so big as he and I think from this fable came the Proverb Rana Gyrina sapientior wiser then the young Frog This is excellently described by Horace in his third Satyre as followeth Absentis ranae pullis vituli pede pressis Vnus ubi effugit matri denarrat ut ingens Bellua cognates eliserit illa rogare Quantánt Num tandem se inflans sic magna fuisset Major dimidio Num tanto Cum magis atque Se magis inflaret non si te ruperis inquit Par eris haec à te non multum abludit imago Which may be Englished thus In old Frogs absence the young were prest to death By feet of a great Calf drinking in the water To tell the dam one ran that scap't with life and breath How a great heast her young to death did scatter How great said she so big and then did swell Greater by half said he then she swoll more and said Thus big but he cease swelling dam for I thee tell Though break thy self like him thou never canst be made There is another pretty fable in Esop tasking discontented persons under the name of Frogs according to the old verse Et veterem in limo ranae cacinere querelam Nam neque sicca placet nec quae stagnata
of the old Moon for it will have the same operation you shall therefore take as much or this dung as you can hold in your hand or fist at one time so that the quantity of the dung be unlike and you shall put it in a morter and beat it to powder and cast twenty grains of Pepper into the same fime being very diligently pounded or bruised and then you shall adde nine ounces of the best Hony unro the aforesaid mixture and four pounds of the best Wine and mix the potion in the manner of a compound Wine and the dung or dirt being dryed and beaten first 〈◊〉 on sha 〈…〉 mingle all the rest and put them together in a vessel made of glass that when you have any need you may have the medicine ready prepared to comfort him or her which is so afflicted Of the ICHNEUMON MArcellus and Solinus do make question of this Beast Ichneumon to be a kinde of Otter or the Otter a kinde of this Ichneumon which I find to be otherwise called Enydros or 〈◊〉 because it liveth in water and the reason of this name I take to be fetched ab investigando because like a Dog or hunting Hound it diligently searcheth out the seats of wilde Beasts especially the Crocodile and the Asp whose Egs it destroyeth And for the enmity unto Serpents it is called Ophi 〈…〉 us Is 〈…〉 is of opinion that the name of this Beast in the Greek is given unto it because by the favour thereof the venom and wholesomess of meates is deseried Whereof Dracontius writeth in this manner Praed 〈…〉 t Suillus 〈…〉 cujuscunque 〈◊〉 The Ic 〈…〉 foretelleth the power and presence of all poyson And it is called Suillus in Latine because like a Hog it hath bristles in stead of hair Albertus also doth call it Neomon mistaking it for Ichneumon There be some that call it an Indian Mouse because there is some proportion or similitude in the outward form between this 〈…〉 st and a Mouse But it is certain that it is bred in no other Nation but only in Egypt about the River Nilus and of some it is called Mus Pharaonis Pharaohs Mouse For Iber 〈…〉 was a common name to all the Egyptian Kings There be some that call it Thyamon and Ans 〈…〉 and also Damula mistaking it for that Weasil which is an enemy to Serpents called by the Italians Do 〈…〉 〈◊〉 yet I know no learned man but taketh these two names to signifie two different Bensts The quantity of it or stature is sometimes as great as a small Cat or Ferret and the hairs of it like the hairs of a Hog the eyes small and narrow which signifie a malignant and crafty disposition the tail of it very long like a Serpents the end turning up a little having no hairs but scales not much unlike the tail of a Mouse Aelianus affirmeth that both sexes bear young having seed in themselves whereby they conceive For those that are overcome in combates one with another are branded with a warlike mark of Villanage or subjection to their Conquerours and on the contrary side they which are conquered and overcome in fight do not only make vassals of them whom they overcome but in token thereof for further punishment fill them with their seed by carnal copulation so putting off from themselves to them the dolours and torments of bearing young This first picture of the Ichneumon was taken by Bellonius except the back be too much elevated The second picture taken out of Oppianus Poems as it was found in an old Manuscript When it is angry the hairs stand upright and appear of a double colour being white and yellowish by lines or rows in equal distance entermingled and also very hard and sharp like the hair of a Wolf the body is something longer then a Cats and better set or compacted the beak black and sharp at the nose like a Ferrets and without beard the 〈…〉 a short and round the legs black having five claws upon his hinder-feet whereof the last or hindmost of the inner 〈…〉 de of the foot is very short his tail thick towards the rump the tongue teeth and stones are like a Cats and this it hath peculiar namely a large passage compassed about with hair on the outside of his excrement hole like the genital of a woman which it never openeth but in extremity of heat the place of his excrements remaining shut only being more hollow then at other times A 〈…〉 it may be that the Authors aforesaid had no other reason to affirm the mutation of feeble or common transmigration of genital power beside the observation of this natural passage in male and female They bring forth as many as Cats and Dogs and also eat them when they are young they live both in land and water and take the benefit of both elements but especially in the River Nilus amongst the Reeds growing on the banks thereof according to the saying 〈◊〉 Nemetian Et placidis Ichneumona quaerere ripis Inter arundineas segetes For it will dive in the water like an Otter and seem to be utterly drowned holding in the breath longer then any other four-footed Beast as appeareth by his long keeping under water and also by living in the belly of the Crocodile until he deliver forth himself by eating through his bowels as shall be shewed afterwards It is a valiant and nimble creature not fearing a great Dog but setteth upon him and biting him mortally but especially a Cat for it killeth or strangleth her with three bites of her teeth and because her beak or snout is very narrow or small it cannot bite any thing except it be less then a mans fist The proportion of the body is much like a Badgers and the nose hangeth over the mouth like as it were always angry the nature of it is finding the Crocodile asleep suddenly to run down into his throat and belly and there to eat up that meat which the Crocodile hath devoured and not returning out again the way it went in maketh a passage for it self through the Beasts belly And because it is a great enemy and devourer of Serpents the common people of that Countrey do tame them and keep them familiarly in their houses like Cats for they eat Mice and likewise bewray all venemous Beasts for which cause as is said before they call it Pharaohs Mouse by way of excellency At Alexandria they sell their young ones in the Market and nourish them for profit It is a little Beast and marvellously studious of purity and cleanliness Bellonius affirmeth that he saw one of them at Alexandria amongst the ruines of an old Castle which suddenly took a Hen and eat it up for it loveth all manner of fowls especially Hens and Chickens being very wary and crafty about his prey oftentimes standing upright upon his hinder-legs looking about for a fit booty and when