amends with theyr new benefites for the old displeasure done to his father yelded them selues vnto him Moreouer his fathers souldioures being inflamed with fauour toward the younge Prince and preferringe the conscience of theyr othe made to his father before their promise made to the new proud king reuolted withall theyr banners and antesignes to Demetrius And so Alexander being with like rage of for 〈◊〉 ouerthrowne as he was lifted vp was in the fyrste battell vanquished and slayne suffryng due punishment bothe in the behalfe of Demetrius whome he had slayne and in the behalfe of Antiochus whose â—…ock he had moste shamefullie slaundered The xxxvi Boke DEmetrius hauyng recouered his Fathers kyngdome was himself also cor rupted through the prosperous successe in all his affaires through the inclinacion to vice that is commonly wonte to be in youthe he fell to slouth and 〈◊〉 â–ª by meanes whereof he purchased himself as much hatred at all mennes handes for his cowardnesse as his father had gotten for his statelynesse whervppon perceyuyng howe the cyties euerye where began to withdrawe their obedience to th entent he might wype oute the spot of cowardyse he determined to make warre vppon the parthians Whos 's commyng the people of the East were not a litle glad to behold bothe by reason of the crueltie of Arsaces kyng of the Parthians and also bycause the countries beyng enured with the gentle entreatans of the auncient dominion of the Macedones coulde not well away with the pryde of the newe Empyre of the Parthâ—…ans By meanes whereof beyng ayded with the power of the Per sians Emylians and Bactrians he vanquished the Par â—…sans in many battels Neuerthelesse at the last beyng deceyued vnder a counterfet color of peace he was taken prysoner and â—…rawen through thopen face of the cyties that had reuolted and shewed in meckage to the people that had rebelled as who should say they should see what a one he was whome they had so highly fauoured Afterward he was sente into 〈◊〉 and there courteouâ—…ly enterteyned accordyng as belongeth to his for mer estate Whyle these thynges were in doyng in the meane tyme 〈◊〉 who through sute to the body of the Realme had obteyned to be admitted Protector ouer Antiochus sonne in lawe to Demetrius kylled the childe and vsurped the kyngdome of Syria the which he enioyed a great whyle but at the length when the â—…our that men bare him beyng newlie made kyng began to weare oute Antiochus the brother of Demetrius who at that tyme was brought vp in Asia being but a very child ouercame him in battell and so the kyngdome of Syria was reduâ—…ed agayne to the stocke of Demetrius Anâ—…iochus therfore remembryng that both his father was hated for his pryde and his brother despysed for his slouthfulnes because he would not fall into the same vices himselfe after he had taken in mariage Cleopatra his brothers 〈◊〉 he with all diligence pursuwed the Cyâ—…es that had reuloted from his brother at the beginnâ—…g of his Reygne and hauyng subdued them brought theÌ„ agayn to 〈◊〉 of th empyre Also he subdued the Iewes who in the tyme of his father Demetrius takyng weapon in hande had pulled their neckes from subiection of Th empyre of Macedone and set themselfes at libertie And they grewe to suche strength that after this man was once dead there 〈◊〉 as no kyng of Macedone â—…ble to kepe them in obedience but that they made a Ruler among themselfes and diâ—…roubled all Syria with their warres The originall of the Iewes was Damasco whiche is the noblest cytie of all Syria from whence the kynges of Syria also fetchyng theire pedegre from Semyramis descended The Cytie had her name of a Kyng called Damascus in honor of whome the Syrians worshipped the Sepulchre of hys wyfe Arates for a Temple reuerenced her with much deuocion and superstitioâ—…s Ceremonies for a Goddesse After Damascus 〈◊〉 Abraham Israel and 〈◊〉 as kings But Israel was more notable theÌ„ his anceâ—…ors by reson of the 〈◊〉 encrease of his ten sonnes Therfore he deuided his people into ten kingdoms and deliuered it to his sonnes calling theÌ„ all Iewes after the name of Iuda whiche deceased anone after the deuision the remembraunce of whome he commaunded that all the rest should haue in reuerence and veneration His portioÌ„ was the head of all the other The yongest of the brothers was Ioseph of whose excellent wit his brothers being afraid â—…ais wait for him preuely and solde him to marchauntes straungers by whome he was caried into Egipte where throughe the sharpnesse of his wit he so proâ—…d in the magicall artes that within a shorte space he became in great fauor with the king For he was both a very witty diuinor of wonders and foretokens and also he was the firste that inuented the interpretation of dreames Yea there was nothing appertaininge either to God or man wherin he semed not to haue had exact knowledge In so muche that he foresaw the barrennesse of the land many yeres before it came and all Egipt had pearished for hun ger if the king through his counsel had not geuen 〈◊〉 commaundement to laye vp in store the corne and frute of many yeres before hand Finally he was so well tried that his answeres seemed not to be geuen by man but by God His sonne was Moises who besydes the inheritans of his fathers knowledge was also commended for hys excellent beuty and personage But the Egiptians being stricken with a great itch and skabbednesse to the entent that the contagion should infect no mo by the warnynge of an Oracle draue hym and all the infected oute of the borders of Egypt Moyses therfore being made captayne of the banished people stale away the sacrifices of the Egiptians the which the Egiptians entending to recouer by force were compelled by Tempestes to retire home againe Moyses eâ—…ones resortnig to Damasco the natyue country of his ancestors went vp into the mountain Synai in the which for as much as he first rested ther after seuen dayes â—…asting and trauel of hymself and hys people through the desertes of Arabie he hallowed the seuenth day and called it after the manner and vsage of the countrie the Sabboth day commaundyng it to be kept Fastyngday for euer after to the worldes ende because that that day had made an ende of all their trauell and hunger And forasmuch as they remembred howe they were dryuen oute of Aegypt for feare of infection they made a lawe neuer after to communicate with stravngers the which thyng rysing at the first vppon good cause and con syderacion by lytle and lytle grewe into custome and superstition After Moyses his brother Aaron was consecrated first Priest of the Ceremonies of Israel and anon after created kyng And euer after it remayned as a custome among the Iewes that they that wer their priests were also their kynges through whose Iustice and vprightnesse
and som of the sword He was a king more desirous of battel then of banketting whose richesse consisted chefely in furniture of the warres and he was more conninge in getting and purchasing richesse then in keping And therfore for all that he pilled polled euery daye yet was he euer neady Mercy and falshode he loued a like He thought it no shame to purchase his desire how so euer he came by it so he might haue it Wher as he fauored he would make as though he wer displesed Suttle and captious was he to talke vnto promising more then he wold performe In deuising serious matters and in merye conceites connynge winning frendship for aduauntage and luker and not for faithfulnesse Wher he hated most there to pretend moost fauor and to sow discord betwene such as he knew agreed best together seking for thank with bothe parties he vsed as a solempne custome Furthermore his talke was meruelous eloquent and ful of sharpnesse and witty sayinges so that neither facility wanted to set out his plesant inuentions neither was his facility withoute ornate eloquens plesant deuises Unto him succeaded Alexander going beyond his father both in vertues and in vices First for their manner of conquest it was clean contrary one to a nother For this man atcheued his battels by open force the other by pollicy He reioysed to begile his ennemies thys man to vanquish them in open field The other was more prudēt in counsel but this man was of a more Princely and royall stomacke The father would oftentimes dissemble his anger and ouercome it but if this man were ones in a rage there was nothing but reuengement out of hande that should be done without all mesure or reason Both of them were geuen ouer muche to drinckyng of win◅ but in their dronkennesse they were not bothe of one disposition The father would customably from his meat run vpon his enemy fight hand to hande and vnaduisedly caste him selfe in daunger But Alexander would not outrage vpon hys ennemy but vpon his own men And therfore Philip returned oftentimes out of the battel wounded himself wheras this man oftentimes as a murderer of his owne frends at his table was faine to depart oute of company The father loued to raign among his frendes and to haue hys frendes raign with him The sonne would playe the tiraunt wyth his frendes The father had rather be beloued the sonne to be feared As for learning was a like in both of them The father was a man of more craft and pollicye but the sonne was more to be betrusted Phillippe was more modest in woordes and communication but Alexander more modest in his deedes The sonne was of a more gentle and honest nature and more prone to shewe mercy to thē that he had ouercome but the father woulde not abstaine so muche as from his owne confederates and partakers The Father was more geuen to frugalitye and the sonne more to ryotousnesse By the whyche meanes the father layde the foundation of the Monarchy of the whole worlde and the sonne to hys hygh renowne and glory finished the whole worke The tenthe Booke ARtaxerxes kinge of Persia had a C. xv sonnes by his concubines but he had no mo then iii. persons that wer begotten in lawfull wedlocke Darius Ariarates and Ochus Of these thre contrary to the custome of the Persians which are not wōt to chaūge their king onlesse he die the father of his gentlenesse during hys owne life made Darius king thinckynge that he had nothing the lesse him self for that that he bestowed vpon his sonne and that he should take the more ioye of the begetting him if he might in his life time beholde in his sonne the liuely representation of his own estate But Darius assone as his father had by euident profe newlye expressed his tender and louing affection towardes him began to deuise meanes howe to kill his father he had bene a wicked man if he had gone aboute to kill his father alone but so muche the more wicked was he in that he intised fifty of his brothers to consent to the killing of their father It is a monstruous thing that so hainous a murder shuld not only be consented to but also concealed in such a multitude of people that of fifty children there could not one be found whom either the fear of his fathers maiestye or the reuerence of his age or the earnest affection that he hadde shewed could withdraw or call backe from an outragious cruelty Was the name of father so vile amonge so manye sonnes in nomber that by whose defence he ought to haue bene preserued euen against his enemies euen by the treson of the same he should be surprised and be in more safety of his enemies then of his owne sonnes The cause of thys pretensed murder was more wicked then the murder it self For after the time that Cyrus was slaine in the warre that he made againste his brother as is before mentioned king Artaxerxes toke his concubine Aspasia in marriage Now Darius required his father to depart with her to hi like as he had don with the kingdom His father for y ◠loue he bare to him graunted at the first to do it anon after being striken with repentance to th entent he might honestly deny the thing he had rashly promised he made her chief priest to the sonne wherby she was bound to kepe her self chast from all men during her life The yong man beynge herewith prouoked to anger first fel at woords wyth hys father and immediatly after as he conspired with his brothers to work treson against his father he and al hys rable wer taken by the iust vengaunce of God the punisher of suche as rebell againste their fathers put to erecution for their prepensed murder And to th entent no impe nor slyp shuld remain of such a wicked race the wines and children of them all were in like wise put to death After thys Artaxerxes fell sycke for sorowe and died happyer in that he was a king then in that he was a father The inheritance of the kingdom was deliuered vnto Ochus who fearynge the like conspiracy replenished his pallace with the slaugh ter of his kinsfolk and of his noble men No consanguinity no sex no age could moue his hart to pity verelye for none other purpose then least men should accompt him more in nocent then his brothers that went aboute to slea their father And so hauinge as it were purified clensed his kyngdom he made warre to the Armenians In the whych one Codoman putting forth him self with y ◠fauor of al men to combate against one of the enemies that made a chalenge to fight hand to hand slue his enemy ▪ wherby he both won the victory also saued y e honor of his coūtry which laye in hasard to be lost For the which valiant enterprise y ◠same Codoman was
displeasure vpon hym he kylled his sonne and set him before his father to eate Harpagus disseÌ„bling his inward griefe for the time differred the hatred iustly agaynst the kyng conceyued vntill he might espye occasion of reuengement At the length when Cyrus came to mans estate beyng moued thereunto with sorowe for the losse of his sonne he wrate vnto hym howe his graundfather had as it were banished him into Persia how his graundfather had commaunded hym to be slayne howe by his benefite he had bene preserued howe for the same he had gotten the kynges displeasure and how he had lost his owne sonne exhorting him to rayse an army and to take the kyngdome forthwyth vpon hym promisynge that the Medes should at the day of battell turne to hys syde And forasmuche as the letter coulde not be caryed openlye for the kynges officers which kept all the passages and sear ched suche as came by it was put into a Hares bellye the â—…owels first taken oute and the Hare was 〈◊〉 to a trusty seruaunt to carye to Cirus into Persia. Moreouer hâ—… tooke nettes with him to 〈◊〉 that vnder pretence of hunting his purpose might be hidden When Cyrus had redde the letter he was commaunded in a dreame to take the same way as he was counsayled in the epistle Neuerthelesse he was furthermore warned that whom soeuer he met first the next day him he should make his companion in all his enterprises Wherfore as he went into the countreye before the dawning of the daye he met with a seruaunte called Sibaris that had escaped out of pri son from a certayne man of Media enquiring what coun treyman he was vnderstanding that he was borne in Persia he pulled of his fetters toke him to be his companion retourned to the city Persepolis There he called the people together coÌ„maunding theÌ„ euery man to take his Are go cut downe the wood that grewe by the hygh way side The which thing being lustely done the â—…ext day he made a feast and bade them all to it When he sawe them mery in the middest of theyr good cheare he demaunded of them if they were put to the choyce whether they had rather chose to lyue in labour and toyle as they had done the daye before or in myrthe and pleasure as they dyd that presente daye The cryed all with one voyce in myrth and pleasure as we do to day Then quod he as long as ye be in subiectioÌ„ to the Medes so long shall ye leade all your lyues in labour and toyle lyke vnto yesterday but if you will folowe me ye shall liue in pleasure euen as you haue done this day And so with mery cheare and glad hartes of theym all he made warre agaynst the Medes Astyages for getting the great displeasure done to Harpagus made him his lieutenaunt ge neral and committed to his charge the whole stay of his bat tell who immediately vpon the receypt therof yelded and betrayed the same vnto Cirus and so throughe treason and disloyaltye requited the kynges crueltie When worde thereof came vnto Astyages he raised another power with al spede possible and went him selfe into Persia wher â—…ly renewing the battel as his men were fightinge he set a company at their backes commaunding them to beat them â–ª perforce vpon theyr enemyes that made any countenaunce to flye away causyng it to be plainely told them that if they wanne not the victorye they should finde as good men behinde their backes as before theyr faces And therefore ad uise them selues well whether it were better for thâ—…ym to breake through th one flyeng cowardly or through thother by fighting manfullye His souldiers perceyuing there was none other remedie tooke courage to them and stoode to it stoutly By meanes whereof when the host of the PersiaÌ„s being euercharged began somewhat to geue backe and by litle and litle to lose ground their mothers and wiues came running ouâ—… against them desyring them to retourne into the battell and perceyuing that they made no haste as men that wer at their wittes endes they lifted vp theyr clothes and shewing the priuie partes of their bodies asked them if they woulde runne into their mothers and wyues bellyes for succour The PersiaÌ„s being stayed with this reproch re tourned into battell and makinge a prease vpon their enemies coÌ„pelled them to flye from whom but euen now they fled themselues In this battell Astyage was taken prysoner From whom Cyrus toke nothyng saue the kingdome behauing hym selfe in this conflycte rather lyke a nephewe than lyke a conqueroure and he made hym ruler ouer the Hircanians For he would not retourne vnto the Medes This was then of the Empire of the Medes whyche endured CCC L. yeares In the beginning of his raigne Cirus made 〈◊〉 whom accordyng to his vision in the nyght he had deliuered out of prison and takeu as companion in all his enterprises and affayres lieutenaunt ouer the Perfi ans gaue him his sister in mariage But the cities whych wer tributare before to the Medes forasmuch as thempire was chaunged supposing their estate to be chaunged also fell from Cirus which thing was vnto him a cause and beginning of much warre many battelles At the length ha uing brought many of theym to their accustomed obediece when he made warre agaynst the Babilonians Crâ—…asus king of Lidia whose welth riches wer at those dayes very notable came to succour the Babilonians Wher being baÌ„quished and nowe carefull what shoulde beecome of hym selfe he retyred into his owne kyngome Cyrus also hauyng set althinges at a stay in Babilon passed from thence with his hoste into Lydâ—…a where he ouercame the power of Craesus with no ado to speake of being alredy dismayed with the discomfiture taken before at Babilon Craesus hym selfe was taken prisoner but the lesser daunger the battell was of the gentlyer was the victorye vsed For besydes that he pardoned Cresus of hys life he gaue him also the most part of his inheritaunce the citie of Barce In the whyche although he liued not a kyng in dede yet might he liue a like a king as might be deuised This mercy and clemency was profitable as well to the conquerour as to the conquered For after it was once knowen that warre was made agaynst Cresus throughout al Greece souldiours were mustered and sent for the to his ayde as it had bene to quenche some commen fyre So well was Cresus beloued wyth all the cities that the Grekes would haue made sharpe warre vpon Cyrus if he had delt with Cresus any thyng cruellye Afterward in processe of time while Cyrus was occupyed in other warres the Lydians rebelled From whem beynge vanquished agayne he tooke quite their horses armor and weapon commaundyng them to vse victaling minstralsye gamyng and all kynde of ribawdrye and wantonnesse And so by this meanes the people which sometime wer of
doubtfull and no rewarde though he wanne the victory but apparant losse if he were ouercome Wherfore let him not thinke that the ScythiaÌ„s will wayte for his comming hyther seyng there is in their enemye so much worthe the fetchinge and goynge for but they will with all their hartes go and mete him As they had sayde so did they in dede When the king vnderstoode that they made towardes him with suche spede he fled for feare and leauing behynde him his hoste and all hys furniture for the warres he fearefullye retyred into his kyngedome The Scithians coulde not pursue him into Egipt because of the fennes As they retourned from thence they conquered al Asia and put them to a litle tribute rather in token of their conquest than in reward of their victorye Fyftene yeares they taryed in pacifieng and setting a staye in the countreye From whence they were called home by the importunat requestes of their wiues whiche sent them worde that if they hyed theym â—…ot home the sooner they would lye with their 〈◊〉 to haue fruite by them and not suffer the 〈◊〉 of the Scithâ—…s to decay throughe their default Thus was Asia tributary to them by y â— space of 1500 yeres Ninus kyng of Thassirians made an end of paying thys trybute But in the meane tyme amonge the Scithians tâ—…o yong gentlemen of the bloud royall named Plinos and Scolopythus being through debate among the noble meâ—… driuen out of their couÌ„trey led with theÌ„ a great noumber of youth and setled them selues in the borders of Cappadocia about the riuer Thermodoon and kept al the fieldes about the citie Themiscira There many yeares together being wont to robbe their neyghboures at the last the people prfuily conspired together and sette vpon theym vnwares and by a trayne slewe them eueryechone The wiues of these men perceyuing that besides their banyshement they were also made widowes armed theym selues and defended theyr borders first by standing in their owne defence and afterward by making warre vnto others Moreouer they had no mind to marry any more with their neyghbours calling it a bondage and not maryage A singular example for all ages to looke vpon They encreased theyr common wealth withoute men and defended theym selues euen in despyght of men And to thentente some of them should not thinke them selues in better case then the rest they killed their husbands that were left aliue at home Furthermore in reuengement of the deathes of their husbandes they destroyed theyr neyghbours also Thâ—…n hauing by warre gotten peace and tranquilitie they sente for theyr neyghbours and companied with them If any male children werâ—… borne they were killed The women chyldren were brought vp not in ydlenesse â–ª nor to spinning and carding but in feates of armes ridinge of horses and huntinge as the custome is to bringe vp men And forbycausâ—… theyr shooting and throwing of dartes should not be hindered theyr righte pappes were seared of while they were children whereupon they were named Bamazons They had two queenes the one called Marthâ—… the other Lampedo the which deuiding their hoste in two partes and growinge to great welth and richesse made warre by turnes the one cir cumspectely defending the countrey at home while the other made warre abrode as theyr turnes came about And oâ—… th entent to be the more renowmed in all their enterprises affaires they proclaymed theym selues the doughters of Mars Wherfore hauing conquered the greater parte oâ—… Europe they subdewed also manye cities of Asia Where hauing builded Ephesus and diuers other cities parte of theyr armie being sent home with a great bootye the rest whych taried styll to defend thempyreof Asia were by a sodaynâ—… â—…ssault of the barbarous people with their queene Marthesia all slayne In whose roome secceded in th empyre her daughter Orithia Who besydes her singular actiuitie in feates of warre was as a myrrour to all women for preseruyng of her maydenhed â–ª and virginitye while she lyued Through the prowesse of her the honour and renowne of the Amazones was so greatly auaunced that the kyng for whose pleasure Hercules atchieued xii daungerous aduentures commaunded him as a thing impossible to fetch him the armour of the Queene of Amazonie Hercules therfore accompanyed with many of the yong lordes and noble meÌ„ of Greece arriuing with nyne galleyes assayled them vnwares At the same tyme the kyngdome of Thamazones was gouerned by two of the foure systers atiope and Orithia Of the whiche Orithia was makyng warre in forreyne countreyes by reason whereof there was but a slender company about the queene Antyope when Hercules arryued at the shore of Amazonye bycause there was no suche thyng mistrusted nor any enemye thought vpon Wherefore it came to passe that those fewe beyng raysed with the sodayne alarme armed theym selues and gaue theyr enemies an easie victorie For many wer slayne and many taken amonge whom were two of Antiopes sisters Mâ—…alyppe taken by Hercules Hippolite by Theseus Theseus maried his prisoner of whom he begate Hippolitus But Hercules after the victory restored Menalâ—…ppe to her sister and for her raunsome tooke the queenes armoure And so hauyng accomplyshed his charge retourned to the kyng Orithia hauyng knowledge that warre was made agaynst her systers and that the prynce of Athens had ledde awaye one of them perforce exhorteth her companye to bee reuenged affirmyng that all their conquestes in Poâ—…us and Asia were to no purpose if they should take suche a foyle at the handes of the Greekes as to suffer not so muche the warres as the rauishementes of Thatheniens And thereupon she sent for succour vnto Sagillus kyng oâ—… Scithia Alledging that she her people wer by discent Scithians borne declaringe furthermore the losse of their husbandes whereby they were constrayned to take armoure vpoÌ„ them and what was the cause of the warres whyche they nowe tooke in hande sayeng that through theyr prowesse they had brought to passe that the Scithians myghte seme to haue as valiaunt women as men The kyng beyng moued with the honour of his house sente to her ayde hys sonne Penaxagoras with a greatbande of horsemen But before the battell beyng by meanes of dissention sodaynly fallen betwene them forsaken of their succoures and so lefte destitute of thelpe and ayde of them the Atheniens put them to the worser Neuerthelesse the campe of the Scythians was a refuge vnto theym â—…y whose helpe they retourned into their countrey vntouched of other nacions After Orithia Penthesilea obtayned the soueraynetye Who lefte behynde her a noble remembraunce of her worthie actes in that famous assemble of valiaunt men in the defence of the Troianes against the Greekes Finally Penthesilea beyng slayne and her armye wasted those sewe that remayned with muche a doe scarcely defendyng them selues agaynste theyr neyghbours continued vnto the tyme of great Alexander Whose Queene Minothea otherwyse called Thalestris after she had obteined the
died in the preparation therof leauinge many sonnes behinde him wherof some were begotten before he was king and other some in the time of his raigne Of the whyche Artobazanes the eldest claimed the Crowne by prerogatiue of hys age alledginge that by order of lawe by order of birthe by order of nature and by custome of all Countryes he oughte to haue it Xerxes replied and sayde that their controuersye was not as concerninge the order of their birthe but as concernyng the nobilitye and worthinesse of theyr byrthe For hee graunted that Artobazanes was in deede the first that was borne vnto Darius but Darius was then a priuate person and that he him selfe was the firste that was borne to Darius being king Wherfore his brothers that were borne durynge the time his father was a subiect might lawfully claime suche priuate inheritaunce as Darius then had but not the kingdom which apperteined to him being the first whome his father begat in his kingdoÌ„ This also made for his purpose in that artobazanes was borne a priuate person not only by the fathers side but also by the mothers side and also 〈◊〉 his graundfathers side by the mother Wherâ—… he himself had a Queene to his mother and he 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 his father but king and he hadde a kinge 〈◊〉 his grauâ—…father by the mother namelye kinge Cyrus who was not an inheritor but the first founder of that greate Empyre And therfore if theyr father had left them 〈◊〉 like right to the 〈◊〉 yet notwithstande in consideration of his Mother and hys graundfather he oughte to be preferred They putte thys controuersy quietly and gently with a good will to the discretion of their vncle Artapheâ—… as to a housholde iudge who discussing the matter at home preferred Xerxes And this contention betwene them was so brotherly that neither he that had the vpper hand vaunted him self neyther he that was ouercome was sorye for the matter And euen in the chiefest time of all their strife they sente giftes and presentes one to another aud merely banketted together wythout mistrust of treason or deceit and the matter was ended wythout dayes men or without reprochful wordes betwixt them So muche more modestly could brothers in those daies deuide the greatest kingdomes then they can nowe deuide a small inheritaunce Xerxes therefore by the space of fiue yeares together made preparatyon for the warres whiche his father had begon against the Grekes The which thing when Demeratus kinge of the Lacedemonians who at that time beinge banished his Countrye liued in king Xerxes Courte vnderstode being more frendlye to his countrye after his banishment then to the kyng for all his benefites to the entente they shoulde not be oppressed with sodaine warre wrate all thinges in tables of wode to the Magistrates of Sparta and couered the letters ouer with ware least that ether the wryting without a couer might bewray it self or the newe ware disclose hys deuise WheÌ„ they wer finished he toke theÌ„ to a trnsty seruaÌ„t commaunding him to deliuer to the magistrats of the Spartanes When they were brought to Lacedemon the matter hong long in question what it shoulde meane because they saw no wryting again they thought the tables were not sent for nothing the closer the thinge was so muche they iudged it to be of greater importaunce Whiles the menne with sondrye opâ—…nions slacke in the matter the Syster of Lâ—…oindas the kynge founde out the intent and meanynge of the wryter The ware therfore being skraped of it appeared was wrought against them By this time had Xerxes armed seuen hundred thousand of his owne kingdome and hired thre hundred thousand Mercenaries So that it hath not without good cause bene reported that his army dronke the riuers dry and that al Grece was skarse able to receiue his hooste It is also said that he had ten hundred thousand shippes To this huge host wan ted a mete Captaine For if ye haue respect vnto the king ye may praise his riches but not his good guidans or know ledge requisite in a Captain of which there was so greate aboundaunce in his realme that when riuers were not able to finde his huge multitude drinke yet had he treasure more then could be spent He would be sure to be the laste that shoulde come to encounter and the firste that shoulde run away In danger he was fearful out of daunger proud and ful of bosting Finally before he should come to the triall of battell he gloried so much in his owne strength that as if he had beene euen a Lord ouer nature and had beene able to rule it at his pleasure he broughte mountaynes to plaine ground and filled vp the valleis made bridges ouer the sea and cut through the main land to make nerer way for his shippes to passe Whose comming into Grece as it was terrible so his departure was as shameful and dishonorable For when that Leonides kinge of the Sartanes wyth four thousand men had taken the strengthe of Thermopyle Xerxes in disdaine of his small noumber commaunded that none shoulde assaile them but they whose kinsfolke were slain at the battel of Marathon the which while they soughte to reuenge the deathes of their frends wer the beginning of the slaughter that ensued In their places succeded stil mo and mo to the great encrease of their owne slaughter Three daies the Persians fought there to their greate anguish displesure and sorow The fourth daye when it was tolde Leonides that twentye thousande of his ennemies had taken the toppe of the hill then he began to exhort his partakers to depart and to reserue them selues till some better time might come wherin they might do seruice to their country for he hys Spartanes wold staÌ„d to thadueÌ„ture of fortune saying that he set not so much by his life as by his country that the resi due ought to be spared for the defice of Grece wheÌ„ the kin ges plesure was published the rest departed all sauing the Lacedemonians which taried stil with him In the beginning of this war whé counsel was asked of apollo at Delphos answer was geueÌ„ that either the king of thes partanes must be slain or els the city be destroid And therfore wheÌ„ the king Leonides shuld go forth to the war he had so encoraged his souldiers that euery man went with a willing hart to dye with their maister He tooke the straites for this purpose that with his small noÌ„ber he might either win with more honor or die with les domage to the coÌ„moÌ„ welth wherfore when he had dismissed his partakers he exhorted the Spar tanes to remeÌ„ber theÌ„ selues that how so euer they fought they must be slaine warning them to take hede that they gaue no cause to baue it reported of them hereafter that their harts serued them better to tary then to fight saying that it was not for theÌ„ to stand stil til their enemies should enclose
neighbors and shortly after other forrain people nations thempire therof was dilated euen to the vttermooste borders of the East In the region of Peonic whiche nowe is a portion of 〈◊〉 raigned by report 〈◊〉 the father of astriopeus whose name we here spoken of in the battel of Troy among the chiefest and moste â—…aliaunt defendours of the Citye And on the one side of Hellespont in Europe raigned a kig called Europe Caranâ—… also with a great multitude of Grekes being commaunded by thaunswer of the Oracle to seeke an habitation in Macedony when he came into emathia following a heard of Goats that â—…ed out of the shour of rain entred wan the â—…eld of edissa ere the meÌ„ of the town perceiued his coÌ„ming by reson of the greatnesse of the storm whervpon calling to minde the answer of the Oracle by which he was commaunded to seke a kingdome wher gotes should be his guides he appoynted it to be the seat of his kingdom And euer after he obserued deuoutlyâ—… that whether so euer he led any hoste he woulde haue the same gotes before his standerde to the entent that as they wer thautors of his kingdom so might they be also as leaders in all his enterprises And in remembraunce of thys benefit he chaunged the name of edyssa and called it 〈◊〉 the people therof 〈◊〉 Afterward when he had expulsed Midas for he also held a parte of Macedonie diuers other kings in the stead of theÌ„ all he succeded alone â—…irst of al gathering knitting together soÌ„dry sorts of people made as it wer one entire body of Macedonie laid a strong fouÌ„datioÌ„ for his kingdom hereafter to grow vpon After him raigned Perdicas whose life was notable the warnings at his last departure which wer as thanswer of an oracle worthy to be remebred For when he drue toward his end by reason of age he shewed his sonne Argeuâ—… the place in the which he wold be buried willing not only his owne body but also all the bodies of theÌ„ that shuld succede him in the kingdoÌ„ to be buried in the same place prophecying before that as long as the bones of his posterity were buried there so long the kingdoÌ„ shuld coÌ„tinue in his line family And vpon this superstition it is beleued that his ofspringe failed in great Alexander because he chauÌ„ged the place of burial argeus hauing gouerned the kingdoÌ„ with iustice and loue of his people left to succede him his soÌ„ne Philip who being surprised by hasty death substituted his heir Europe a very babe But the Macedones wer at continuall debate strife with the Thracians Illyrians by whose warres as by daily exercise being hardened they grew so famous redouted in feats of armes that all their neighbours were afraid of theÌ„ The Illirians therfore despising thinfancy of the yong king assailed the Macedones with battel who be ing put to the worse brougbt forth their king in his cradel set him before the battel beginning the field new againe as thoughe they had bene vanquished before vpon none other occasion but because they wanted y â— good luck of their king in the battell thincking to get the vpper hand and it were for none other cause elsse then that vpon this superstition they had perswaded them selues they shoulde win Moreouer they had pity compassion of the infant whome it was none other like but they should make a captine of a king if they should happen to be ouercome In the meane season Darius king of Perfia beinge put to shamefull flighte and driuen oute of Sâ—…ythia because he wold not seme to be dishonored euery wher by his losses in the warres sent 〈◊〉 with part of his army to subduâ—… Thrace thother kingdoms of that climat among the which for the slender regard estimation therof he should take Macedonie for one who shortly executing his masters coÌ„maundement sent ambassadors to Amyntas king of Macedonie demaunding hostages for performance of the peace that shuld be concluded betwene theÌ„ But thaÌ„bassadors be ing gently enterteined as they began to be somwhat ouer come with drink desired Amyntas that forasmuch as he had made them such a suÌ„ptuous feast he wold also grauÌ„t them the rights duties of familiarity that is to say that theyr sonnes their wiues their daughters mighte come kepe them coÌ„pany at the banket for it was counted amonge the Persians as a sure token pledge of hospitality frendlye entertainment Who comming in to bear them company the Persians began to daly with more wantonly then was semely conuenient Wher vpon AlexaÌ„der the son of amino tas desired his father to haue respect to his age grauity to withdraw himselfe from the banket promising to fynde meanes to delay the dalians of his quests wel inough wheÌ„ â—…yntas was gone Alexander called out the women one by one as though it had ben to dresse attire theÌ„ more gorgeously so to bring them in again In whose sted he dressed in womens apparel he sent yong men commauÌ„ding them to represse the waÌ„tonnes of thambassadors with their we pons that they caried vnder their garmeÌ„ts The which being done al thambassadors killed Mogabyzus knowing nothing hereof when he saw his ambassadors returned not a gaine sent thither Bubares with a parte of his hoste as to a war so easy so mean as that he disdained to troble himself therwith least men should speke dishonor of him for fighting against so base vile a kinde of people But 〈◊〉 be fore the battel being taken in loue with Amintas daughter leauing of the warres solempniled the marriage laying a side all rancor and emnity ioyned him self in aliaunce with his enemy After the departure of Bubares out of Macedone the kinge Amyntas deceased Unto whose sonne successor Alexander this affinity of Bubares did great ple sure For by meanes therof he not onlye liued in peace all the time of Darius but also grew in greate fauor wyth Xerxes In so muche that when like a tempest he inuaded all Grece he gaue him the seniory royalty of al the couÌ„tries betwene the mountaines of Olympus and Hemus Yet notwithstanding he enlarged his kingdom as much by his own prowes as by the liberality of the Persians At leÌ„gth by order of succession the kingdom of Macedone cam vnto Amyntas the sonne of his brother Menelaus This man al so was notable for his actiuity and endowed with al royall and warlike qualities He begate of his wife Eurydice thre sonnes AlexaÌ„der Perdicas and Philip the father of great Alexander and a daâ—…ghter named Euryone And of a nother wife called Cygea he engendred Archilaus Aridens 〈◊〉 who had sore warres first with the Illyrians and after wyth the Olyntâ—…ans But he had ben cut short by the treson of his wife Eurydice who concluding priuely a mariage wyth her sonne
in law that shuld haue maried her daughter had taken vpon her to kil her husband and make her peramor king If her daughter had not bewrayed all her mothers whordome and priuye conspiracies to her father Theolde man therfore being deliuered out of so many pearils died leauing the kingdome to his eldest sonne Alexander who in the verye entraunce of his raigne made peace with the â—…yrians and deliuered his brother Philip in hostage In pro cesse of time also by the same hostage he entred a league of peace with the Thebanes the which thinge was a greate furtherans vnto Philip in all princely vertues whervnto he was meruelously enclined of nature For being 〈◊〉 as an hostage iii. yeres at Thebes a city of auncient seueritye he passed his childhode in the house of the moste renoumed captain and Philosopher 〈◊〉 Ere it was loÌ„g after Alexander was surprised and slain â—…y the treson of hys mother Eurydice whom Amyntas hauing taken her wyth the fault had before pardoned for the Childrens sake that he had by her not knowing y â— in time to com she wold be their vtter destructioÌ„ His brother Perdicas also was by like tre sonpreuented It is an abhominable thing y â— for filthy lusts sake the mother shuâ—…d work the death of her own childreÌ„ at whose coÌ„templation she was saued from the punishmeÌ„t that her wickednesse had deserued The murther of Perdicas semed so much more heinous in that not so muche as his litle childe could finde any mercy at his cruell mothers hand Philip therfore a long time tooke not vpon 〈◊〉 as king but as protector of the infant But when the country was sore oppressed with warre and that it wold be to late to tary for help vntil the childe came to age he was coÌ„pelled of the people to take the kingdom vpon him Assone as he begoÌ„ his raign al meÌ„ conceiued great hope of him both for his wit which in manner all redy declared that he wold proue a great man And also for the ancient Prophecies of Macedonie which said that while one of the sonnes of amin tas raigned thestate of Macedone shuld be most florishing the which hope and prophecies to fulfil there wer now no mo left aliue through the wickednesse of their mother but only he In the beginning of his raign when on thoue side the murder of his brothers vnworthely slain on the other side the multitude of his enemies on a nother side the fear of treson and on another side want of mony artillery the realme being in manner wasted and consumed with continuall warre disquieted the minde of this yong souldioure that sondry nations out of diuers places at one tyme flocked together as it wer by a common conspiracy to the entent to oppresse Macedonie by battell For as muche as he was not able to matche them all at once he thoughte it conuenient to dispence with them some he toke truce with vpon reasonable Articles â–ª some he bought of for mony and suche as were weakest he assailed by force by vanquishing of whome he did bothe strengthen the faint hartes of hys souldiers and tooke awaye the disdaine that his ennemies had at him The first encounter that he had was with the Atheniens whome he ouercame by policy and for feare of a worser afterclap wheras he might haue slain them all he sent them all safe home without raunsome After this he turned hys power against the Illyrians of whom he slew many thousandes and toke their head city called Laryssa Next not so muche for couetousnesse of praye as for dâ—…syre to ioyne the Thessalian horsmen to his fotemen therby to encrease the strength of his army he conquered the country of Thessaly â—…re anye hostilitye or warre was looked for and so of theyr horsemen and his owne fotemen made one bodye and inuincible army The which thinges comminge luckelye to passe he tooke to wife Olympias the Daughter of Neoptolemus king of the Molosses The maker of this marriage was his brother Arimbas king of the Molosses vncle to tâ—…e maid by the fathers side who had the bringinge vp of her had taken in mariage Troas 〈◊〉 of y â— said Olympias which was the cause of muche mischiefe vnto him and finallye of his destruction For wheras by the affinity of king Philip he hoped to haue had his kingdom enlarged he was by the same Philip depriued of his owne Realme and compelled in his olde age to liue a banished man These thinges thus brought to passe Philip could not nowe content hym selfe to repulse iniurye offered by others but prouoked and distroubled suche as sate still in quiet As he besieged the city of Methon one threwe a dart at him from the wall as he passed by and strake out his right eie For y â— which wound he became neither the slouthfuller in his enterpryse nor the angrier againste his ennemies In so muche that within few daies after wheÌ„ they desired peace be grauÌ„ted it and vsed the victory against them not only modestlye but also mercifully The eyghte Booke THe cities of Grece while euery of them sought to beare rule were euery chone brought vnder subiection For after the time they coulde not with holde them selues â—…ut that they must seke eche others destruction they were vnuanqui shed of all men and brought to confusi on None but suche as were oppressed did fele the losse and smart hereof For Philip king of Macedone lying in a wait like a spy out of a watch toure to surprise them all of theyr liberty by nourishing debate betwene City and City and by supporting the weaker side compelled both the conque red and the conquerors to become his vassals and subiects The originall cause of all this mischiefe were the Thebanes who hauing the soueraignty and wanting discretion to vse their good fortune arrogantly accused at the common couÌ„sel of Grece the Lace demonians and the Phocenses whome they had vanquished in battel as thoughe the slaughters rauish ments that they had abidden had beene to little punishment for them It was laide to the Lacedemonians charge that they had taken the towre of Thebes in the time of truce and to the Phocenses that they had wasted the couÌ„try of Beotia as thoughe that after warre and battell they would haue the lawes also to worke their forâ—…e IudgemeÌ„t being executed according to the plesure of the conquerors they were condempned in suche a summe of mony as was not possible to be paide The Phocenses therfore when they shoulde haue bene bereft of their landes their children and their wiues compelled therby to vtter necessity chose one Philomelus to their captain and as men offended with God him selfe inuaded the Temple of Apollo at Delphos Herevpon being enriched with gold and other mony they waged an army of souldiers straungers and made warre to the Thebanes This dede of the Phocenses although all men abhorred
his sonne that he shoulde not truste anye man sauing Thessalus and his brothers For this cause therfore was the bankette prepared and dressed in the house of 〈◊〉 Philip and 〈◊〉 which wer wonte to be the kynges cuppe bearers and his tasters had the poyson in colde water the whiche water they tasted and caste it vpon the drinke The fourthe daye after Alexander perceiuing there was no way with hym but death sayde he acknowledged the desteny of the house of his 〈◊〉 For the Aeacides for the mooste parte dyed 〈◊〉 they came to xxx yeres of age Then he appeased hys souâ—… dioures whiche began to make an vprore mistrusting the kinge to be killed by treason and beinge borne vp into the highest and openest place that could be founde in all the cityâ—… and there laide for the vpon a couch he admitted them all to his presence and put forthe his righte hand to them to kisse as they stode wepinge about him And wheras all the company wept to beholde him in that case he not onlye shed forthe neuer a teare but also was withoute any kinde of token ofsorowe or 〈◊〉 in so much that he comforted certayne of them that made greate sorowe and lamentation for the matter Unto some he gaue commaundements and errands to doo to their frendes from him So that like as hys harte was inuincible toward the enemy so was it inuincible also againste deathe When he had sente awaye his souldioures he demaunded of hys frendes as they stode about hym whether they thought they shuld finde the like kynge againe or no. Euerye man holdynge his peace he sayde that as he knew not that so he perfectly knew and prophesied yea and in maner saw it presently before his eies how much bloud Macedone shoulde spende in that quarel and with how greate slaughter occision of men it should do obsequies for him after his departure At the last he willed his body to be buried in the Temple of Hammon When hys frendes sawe him drawe on they asked who shoulde be heir of hys Empyre He aunswered the worthiest So greate was the courage of hys harte that wheras he left behinde him hys sonne Hercules hys brother Arideus and his wife Roxanes great with chylde for gettinge all 〈◊〉 and aliaunce hee denounced him to be his heire that was worthyest As thoughe it hadde not beene lawfull for anye man to succeade a valiaunt manne then as valiaunte a man as he or to leaue the richesse of so great a kingdome to any other then to such as were tride men with thys word as though he had blowen a trompet among his noble men or sowne the sede of mischief and delate euery one became enemy to other in his hart wyth colourable flattery priuely sought the good wils and fauor of the men of warre The vi day wheÌ„ his speche was gon he tooke a ringe of his finger and deliuered it to Perdicas the which thinge appeased the dissention of his frendes all ready beginning to bud For allbeit he were not pronounced heir by word by mouthe yet notwithstanding it semed it was his minde he should be his heire Alexander deceased of the age of xxxiii yeares and one monthe a man endued with stoutnesse of courage aboue the power of mannes fraile nature The same nighte that his mother Olympias conceiued him she dreamed she had to do with a great dragon neither was she deceiued of God in her dreame for out of all dout she bare in her wombe a piece of worke exceding the frailnesse of mannes nature And althoughe she were renowmed bothe for the house of Aeacus froÌ„ whence by auncient descent of so many C. yeres â—…he was lineallye â—…xtract and also because her father her brother her husbaÌ„d and all her auncestors and progenitoures were kinges yet was she in none of all those respectes so muche to be estemed as for her owne sonne Many wondrous foretokens of his greatnesse appered euen at his birth For the same day that he was borne two Egles stode all day vpon the toppe of his fathers house representing a token of his dowl Empire of Europe and Asia And the very same daye also hys father had tidâ—…nges broughte him of two victories the one of a battell against the Illyrians the other of the gamynge at the mountaine Olympus vnto the which he hadde sent his chariots The whyche was a token that the child shuld be conqueror of all countries Duringe hys childehode he was brought vp straightly to his learning when he grew towarde mannes estate he encreased in knowledge vnder Aristotle the 〈◊〉 teacher of al Philosophers Aâ—…terward when he had taken the kingdome vpon him he proclaimed himself king of all landes and of the whole world and so behaued himself among his souldiers that if he 〈◊〉 with them there was no enemy could make them afraide although they had beane naked them selues Therfore he neuer encountred with any enemy but he ouercame him he neuer besieged city but he wan it nor neuer entred any country but he subdued it And yet at the last he was ouercome not by force of the enemy but by the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 treason of his owne subiectes The thirtenthe Booke ALexander y â— great being dispatched out of the way in the very floure of his age and of his conquests al men were striken in so heauye dumpes and in especially all the citye of Babilon But the nations whome he had subdued could not geue credite to the reporte because that as they beleued him to be inuincible so also they thoughte him to be immortall calling to remembraunce how often he had bene deliuered from present death and how oftentimes when he had loste his weapon sodainly he shewed himself amonge hys men not only safe and sound but also gettinge the vpper hande But when they were throughlye perswaded that he was dead in dede all the barbarous nations whom he had conquered a litle before mourned for him not as for an ennemye but as for a father Moreouer the mother of Darius whome after the losse of her sonne beinge her selfe fallen from the stage of so highe estate it repented not of her lyfe vnto that day for the great clemency and fauoure that she found in â—…er conqueror when she hard of AlexaÌ„ders death did rid herselfe oute of this life not because she sette more by her ennemy then by her own sonne but because she had found the naturall loue of a sonne in him whome she toke for her enemy On the other part the Macedones cleane coÌ„trary mour ned not for him as for their countryman or as for a kinge of such a maiesty but reioysed as if they had lost an enemy cursing his ouergreat seueritye and continuall ieoperdies that he put them vnto by his warres Besides this the princes gaped for the pertition of his kingdomes and prouinces and the common souldioures for his treasures and for a great masse of gold as a
Macedone But by meanes of antipater who smelled oute his subteltye while he wente aboute two wiues at ones it came to passe that he attained none of bothe After this there arose warre betwene antigonus and perdicas Antigonus was aided by Craterus and Antipater who taking a truce with the Atheniens made polyperchon regent of Macedone and Grece Perdicas perceiuing that the world went not on his side sent for arideus and great Alexanders sonne of bothe whome the charge was vnto him committed into Cappadocia to haue their aduise as concerning the order of the warres Some were of opinion to remoue the warre into Macedone to the very welspring and heade of the kingdome forasmuche as there was Olymplas Aleranders mother which shuld be no smal stay on their side and also for the fauor of the coÌ„minalty in remembrauÌ„ce of Philip Alexander But it was thought most for the common profit to begin at Egipt least wheÌ„ they wer gon into Mace done ptolomy might inuade Asia Emnenes besides the prouin ces he had before had deliuered vnto him paphlagonia Caria Lycia and Phrygia there he was commaunded to abyde the comminge of Craterus and Antipater and to assiste hym were appoynted alcetas the brother of perdicas and Neoptolemus with their armies Clytus was made chiefe admirall of the Fleete Cilicia was taken from phylotas and geuen to phyloxenus and perdicas himself with a great army went toward Egipt So Macedone through the discord of the captaines deuiding them selues in two partes sette her weapons against her own bowels tourninge the habilimentes of warre that were appoynted for the foraine ennemye to the slaughter of her owne inhabitaunts after the manner of madmen entendinge to cut and mangle the handes and members of her owne body But Pâ—…lomy through his industry and pollicy got greate richesse in Egipte For by his singuler modestye he bothe wan the hartes of the Egiptians to him and by his frendlinesse and gentle behauioure he compassed the good â—…ils of the kinges that were his neighbors dwelt about him Furthermore he also enlarged the bounds of his kingdom by conquering the city Cyrene by meanes wherof he was now become a prince of suche power that he hadde not so muche cause to be afrayde of his enemies as his enemâ—…es had cause to be a fraid of him This citye Cyrene was builded by Aristeus who for because he was tounge tyed was surnamed Battus This mannes father called Cyrenus king of the Iland There when as moued with shame and sorow that his sonne being man growen could not speake he came to the Oracle at Delphos to make intercession to God for his sonne he receiued an answer wherby his sone Battus was commaunded to go into Affricke and builde the City Cyrene there to receiue the vse of speche Now because that the aunswer semed like a mockerye by reason of the liâ—…enesse of the Isle Theramene oute of the whiche inhabiters were commaunded to repaire into Affricke there to build a city in a country so farre of the matter was lefte of Afterwarde in processe of tyme for theyr stubbornesse there fell suche a Pestilence amonge them that they were compelled to obey the commaundement of the God whether they would or no and there was so smal and slender a noumber of them that they were 〈◊〉 able to furnishe a ship When they came into Affricke both for the pleasauntnesse of the place and for the aboundance of water springs that there were they expulsed the inhabiters of the mountain Cyra and plaÌ„ted them selues in the same place Ther their captain Battus had his tonge stringes losed and began to speake The whiche thing encouraged theyr hartes to build vp the rest of the city in as muche as the God had all ready performed part of his promises Therfore when they had pitched their tentes they solowed the opinion of an old fable How that Cyrene a maid of excellent 〈◊〉 was rauished by Appollo in the mountain Pelius in 〈◊〉 saly and caried from thence to the toppe of the mouâ—…tain â–ª Wheras the God begather with childe and when she had gone her time she was deliuered of iiii sonnes Nomius Aristeus 〈◊〉 and Ageus And that her father 〈◊〉 king of Thessaly sent out men to seke her who being allured with the plesantnesse of the place abode styll with the maid in that country Of these children wheÌ„ they came to mannes estate three retourned into Thessaly and enioyed the graundfathers kingdome Aristeus had a large dominion in Arcadie and first taught men the vse of Bees and hony of milke and creame and first found out y â— times of the yeare â–ª when the sonne is at the highest in Sommer and likewise at the lowest in Winter together with the courses of the other starres Upon which reporte Battus learninge the name of the maiden by the Oracles builded the citye Cyrene Ptolomye therefore beinge enâ—…ased in strengthe by the power of this City prepared for the war against Perdicas comming But the hatred that Perdicas had gotten through hys passinge pride and statelinesse did him more harme then the puissaunce of his enemies For his owne companions hated him so sore that they forsoke him and fled by heapes with Antipater Neoptolemus also being left to aid and assist Emnenes purposed not only to turn vnto the contrary part but also to betray the whole host of his coÌ„plices The whiche pretence when Emnenes had espyed he had none other shift but to try the matter by dint of sword agaynste the traitoure Neoptolemus being vanquished â—…ed to Antipater aâ—…d Polyperchon perswadinge with them that if they would kepe on their iournye withoute stayinge they might fall vpon Emnenes ere he were ware being nowe in ioy and gladnesse for his late victory and taking no care by reason they had put him to flight But his purpose was vnknowen to 〈◊〉 Therfore the treason tourned vpon the traitoures heads For they whiche thoughte to haue surprised him vnwares were mette wythall them selues when they looked leaste for any suche thing beinge wearied with trauell and watchynge all the nighte In that encounter polypercbon was slaine Neoptolemus also fightinge hande to hande with Emnenes a greate while together after many woundes geuen and receiued was in the ende ouercome and slaine emnenes therfore gettinge the vpper hande in two pitched fieldes together vpheld and maintained his side for a while whiche was not a litle empaired by the reuoltinge of his adherentes Neuerthelesse at the last when perdicas was ones slain both he and phyton and Illirius and aleâ—…tas the brother of perdicas were proclaimed traitoures by the hoste of their enemies and Antigonus was appoynted to make warre agaynste them The. xiiii Booke ENmnenes when he vnderstode y ◠〈◊〉 dicas was slain hiself proclamed trai tor in Macedone and that Antigonus was appoynted to make war against him declared the matter of his owne accord to his souldioures least the sodain
they named Sydon For the Phenicians call a Fyshe Sydon Manye yeares after being subdued by the king of the Ascalonites they tooke shippinge and arrâ—…ued in the same place where they builded Tire which was done the yore before the destruction of Troye There they were oftentimes and diuersly assaâ—…ed with warres by the Persyans but euer they had the vpper hand But when theyr power was once wasted theyr bondmen aboundinge in multytude and noumber delt out â—…giouslye and cruellye wyth theym For they made a conspiracye amonge them selues and killed all the fre borne people with their maysters also and so hauynge the citye at wyll they entered possessyon in their maisters houses they inuaded the common weale they maried wiues and that whiche they theym selues neuer were they begatte free children There was one among so manye thousand slaues who being of a meke and honest nature for pity of the fortune of thold man his master and his yong sonne did not of beastly cruelty murther them but of mercyfull compassion and manhode saued them Wherefore when as he had hid them out of the waye as if they had beene slaine and that the bondmen consulting vpon the estate of the common weale thought it good to create theym a kinge of theyr owne corporation and him in especially to be the person as a man most acceptable to the Gods that first should see the sunne rising he declared the matter secreatly to his master Strato for y â— was his name where he lay hid in a corner Being by him sufficientlye instructed what to dod when they were all assembled into the field by midnight whiles all the reast stoode gapynge into the East he only alone looked aduisedly into the west At the 〈◊〉 all the resydue thoughte it a madnesse to looke for the rysinge of the Sunne into the West But assone as the day began to breake and the East beganne to glister vppon the hyghest toppes and pynnacles of the toures and temples of the Citye while all the other gased for to see the Globe of the Sunne he 〈◊〉 of all syewed vnto them all the brightnesse of the Sunne shynâ—…ge vpon the toppe of the Citye this seemed to be doone of a greater reason then was in a sâ—…aues heade Wherevppon they enqutred who gaue hym the counsell and be coâ—…essed as touching his master Then it was perceiued what difference there is betwene the wit of a slaue and the wit of a gentleman and that 〈◊〉 excell in maltce but not in wisdome Therefore the old man and his sonne were pardoned and forasmuche as they thoâ—…ght theym to be preserued by the deuine 〈◊〉 of God they created Strato kinge After whose decease the kingdome descended to his sonne and so forth to his posteritye This was a notable aâ—… of the slames and a terrâ—…le example to the whole worlde Wherfore Aleraâ—… he great when as a long time after he made warre in tâ—…e East as a reuenger of the common tranquillity hauing wonne theâ—… Citye perforce al of them that remained after the battel in remembraunce of the murther doone in olde time by their predecessours he crucified Only the kinred of Stâ—… he preserued vnuiolated and restored the kyngdome to hys of spryng makynge newe inhabitauntes that were free 〈◊〉 and vndefiled wyth the like offence in the Ilande to the 〈◊〉 that the seruile seede and slyppe being vtterly roted oute the ofspring of the Citye mighte be as it were planted of new again The Tyrians therfore being in this wyse by the meanes of Alexander newe founded throughe they owne sparing and trauell in getting grew stâ—…oÌ„g agayne wythin a short space Before the siaughter of the masters when they abounded 〈◊〉 in richesse and in noumber of menne they sent a company of youth into Affricke and â—…ded Utâ—…a when as in the meane while the kinge of Tire deceased ordayninge for his heires his sonne Pygmalion and his daughter Elisa a mayde of very excellent beauty But the people deliuered the kingdome to Pygmalion beinge a verye childe Elisa also was marryed to her vncle Sycheus the prieste of Hercules the whiche Rome is of greatest honoure next vnto the kynge Thys manne hadde greate richesse but no manne knewe wher they were and for feare of the kinge he had hidden hys golde not in houses but in the grounde The whiche thinge though men knew not of certaintye yet it was commonlye so reported with the whyche brute Pygmalion being incensed forgetting all bonde of nature and humanity without any respect of godlynesse killed his vncle being also his brother in lâ—…e 〈◊〉 dâ—…sting her brother a greate while after for doynge of thys wicked acte at the last dissemblinge her inwarde hatred and bearinge a faire countenaunce towardes hym for the tyme practised priuely to flye away and takinge into her companye certaine of the noble men whom she knew to beare like hatred to the kinge and to haue like desyre of flyinge away she came to her brother with a pollicye she fained that she would remoue out of her owne house and come dwell with him to the entent the sighte of her husbandes house should not continually renewe her sorowe and mourninge for him whiche she coueted to forget and to the entent the bitter remembraunce of him should not any more ware before her eies Pygmalion was wel contented to hear his sister say those words because he thought she wold bring her husband Sycheus gold with her But Elisa caused the kinges seruaunts that wer lent her to help to remoue her stuffe to goo into shippes and car â–ª her richesse with them in the shutting in of the euening and when she had them a good waye from the shore she compelled them to throwe certain bagges and cofers ful of sande into the sea making them beleue it was monye Then she her selfe weping with piteous veyce besought her husband Sycheus willingly to receiue his own richesse which he had lefte behinde him and that he woulde take them for an offeringe like as they had beene the cause of his death Which doone she turned her self to the kinges seruauntes â–ª sayinge the time was come that she herselfe should receiue the death that she so sore had longe before desired and that they should abide bitter tormentes and greuous punishmentes because they had made away the richesse of her husbande Sycheus for couetousnesse of the which the king committed murther that he myghte not haue them to satisfy his gredy appetite wythal WheÌ„ she hadde put them all in this feare they were contented to beare her company in her flighte and to goo awaye with her Moreouer a great nomber of the nobility beynge in readinesse for the same purpose set forth with her and so hauing made sacrifice againe vnto Hercules whose Priest Sycheus was they forsoke their countrye to get theÌ„ a new dwelling place The first lande that they arriued at was the Isle of Cyprus where as the priest of â—…piter wyth hys
enâ—…rapped by a pollicy and slayn In his roume was sent his sonne in lawe Hasdrubal who also was slayn by a seruaunt of a Spanyard in reuengement of his Maisters death Han niball the sonne of Hamilcar greater theÌ„ thei both succeded in the Capitainship For he surmountyng the actes of them bothe conquered all Spayne And then makyng war agaynst the RomaÌ„s vexed Italy with sundry slaughters by the space of syâ—… yeres togither Whereas in the meane season the Romayns sendyng the Scipios into Spayne fyrst draue the Carthaginenses out of the countrie afterward had sorâ—… warres with the Spanyardes themselfes Neuerthelesse the countries of Spayn could neuer be brought vnder the â—…oke of bondage vntil that Cesar Augustus hauyng conquered the whole worlde came agaynste them with his victorious army brought those Barbarous and cruel people to a more ciuill trade of liuyng by order of lawe and substituted a Lieuetenaunte ouer them lyke as was done in all other Prouynces of Th empyre FINIS Princâ—…s first elected for vertues sake The begynnyng of the Monarchie of Assiria desyre of honour the first cause of warre The inuention of magicke and Aâ—â—ronomy An example of a pollityke wâ—â—an Vertue ouercometh enuy The buylding of Babilon Semiramis slayne of her owne sonne Sardanapalus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 are the 〈◊〉 cay of the grâ—…test kyng domes Th empyre of the Medes beginneth 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of his 〈◊〉 â–ª Her 〈◊〉 was 〈◊〉 The 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 That God will haue saued can not 〈◊〉 lost 〈◊〉 â—…ayth it was borne dead Cyrus is cho sen kyng aâ—…ong childreÌ„ The 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 â—…ous cruelty 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Displeasure wisely 〈◊〉 bled The letter of Harpagus vnto Cyrus â—…unning 〈◊〉 ueyaunce of 〈◊〉 letter The pollicye of Cyrus to cause the Persians to rebell Cyrus rebelleth The crueltye reuenged Necessitye geueth hart Force and wysdom 〈◊〉 to â—…tune The 〈◊〉 of Cyrus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Cresus is ta ken prisoner The magnitycence of Cyrus The Lydiâ—… rebell and are â—…bdued The reward of rebellion The foolyshe loue and demeanour of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 â—…eth Candaules and maketh hius selâ—…kyng A manly women His name was Spargapises Ignorauncâ—… pernicious in a Captayns The inuincible courage of Thomiris The grâ—…at â—…aughter of the Persians The death of Cyrus Cambyses succedeth â—…own wyll haue no pere 〈◊〉 ca not continew â—…ong The great treason of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Oropastâ—…reigneth in stead of 〈◊〉 The treason is mistrusteâ—… The treason commeth to lyght Counsell 〈◊〉 not be kept long in a multitude Necessitie geâ—… courage The zeale â—…obryas Gobryas to his countrey Th end of vsâ—…pe authori tyâ—… A singuâ—…ar ex ample of modesty in great estaâ—…es The pollicie of a horseâ—… Daâ—… 〈◊〉 made kyng bâ—… the neying 〈◊〉 a horse Daâ—…ius â—…keth to wyfe the daughteâ—… of Cyrus named Aâ—…ossa The 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 â—…opyrus to hys kyng and to hys countrâ—… â—…pirus deâ—…lluereth Babilon to the kyng Contentioâ—… as concerninâ—… antiquitie The tempâ—… tenesse of Egypt and the â—…uitfulnesse thâ—…eof â–ª The replication of the 〈◊〉 The 〈◊〉 of Scithia the customeâ—… and manerâ—… of the 〈◊〉 â—…ns called 〈◊〉 The power and force of nature Asia tributatye to the â—…cithians Theyr fortunate successe The nature of the Parthians and Bactrians Who fyrst made warre vpon the Scithians The Scithâ—…ans are reuoked out of Asia by 〈◊〉 wyuce In this place he greâ—…ly exreth Example of fortitude in women The kingdome of the Amazones The customs of the Amazones The queenes of Amazone The buylding of Ephe â—…us â—… myrâ—… of virginityâ—… and prowesse 〈◊〉 sedeth Hercules for the Queene of amazonies armour Hercules exchaungeth Menalyppe for y â— queâ—…nes armour Orithia sendeth for ayde to the king of Scithia She is â—…orsaken of her 〈◊〉 cour and ouer come of the Atheniens Penthesileâ—… The decay of â—…hamazones He retorneth to the storyes of the Stithians The stratageme of the Scithians against theyr bondâ—…en Here ended the first bokâ—… The shameful retire of Darâ—…us out of Scithia He conquereth the lesser Asia and Mâ—… cedonie A â—…igression to the acts of the â—…henieÌ„s The noblenes antiqui ty of Athens Of what things the aâ—…henieÌ„s wer the first inueÌ„ ters The first ordainer of mariage among the heathen The â—…loud of Dencalion Sowinge of corn â—…ueÌ„ted The succession of the kinges of AtheÌ„s an ex ample of greate loue toward the natiue couÌ„try The alteratâ—…on of gouernment in athens The commeÌ„dat ion and do ings of solon The pollicye of Solon Deceit tourned vpon the workers hed An example of a craftye â—… suttle decâ—… uer Diocles slain for rape A constant and inuicible stomacke He returneth to the historye of Darius The noble en terprise of Milciades The courage of the Atheniens and me co wardise of the Persians Fortune helpeth the coura gious The praise of Themistocles The commendation of Cynegirus The slaughter of the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The vengans of God vppon tyraunts and traâ—…oures The death oâ—… Darius A brotherly conteÌ„â—…n for the kingdom xerxes succe deth Darius in his kingdoÌ„ The â—…oue of Demaratus to his couÌ„try The hnge host of xerxes His richesse and want of good gouer naunce The loue of Leonidas towarde hys country The noble prowesse of Lconida and the SpartaÌ„es A â—…olitique prouisy on of themistocles Man 〈◊〉 power against God Xerxes burneth Thespâ—… and 〈◊〉 and Athens Thanâ—…wer of the 〈◊〉 Themistocles interpre teth the same The deuise of Themistocles to make his confederates abyde 〈◊〉 cowardise of Xerxes The valiantnes of arte mysia The Persians are discoÌ„fyted on the sea The couonseâ—… of Mardonius â—…cles sendeth againe to 〈◊〉 erxes 〈◊〉 flyeth for fear A worthy ex ample of the ficklenesse of fortune and of the frailnes of mans estate The afflictions of the Persian host Mardonius wâ—…th Oâ—…hus A battel betweene Mar doâ—…s and the grekes Excesse of richesse The swift nes of â—…ame The wise 〈◊〉 menor of Theâ—…o cles Themistocles cometh vnto Lacedeâ—…n The Spartanes make war againste the Persians Pâ—…ius worketh treson against his country Aristides preuenteth hys trâ—… Pansaâ—… 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Cyno is made graund 〈◊〉 tain against the Pâ—… The naturaâ—… loue of 〈◊〉 to his faâ—… â–ª Xerxes 〈◊〉 Xerxes is 〈◊〉 by hys own subiect The cautele and treson of Artabanus The treason disclosed Treson politiquely reuen ged The discorde of the grâ—…kes amonge them sâ—…lues Rightuousnâ—…s is to be preferred before akingdoÌ„ The notable lawes of Lâ—…curgus The bringing vp of children The mariage of maidens Reâ—…erence vnto old age The deuise of Licurgus to make hys lawes eternall Licurgus vâ—… nisheth hym self to do hys couÌ„try good The waâ—…a of the Spartanes against the Meâ—…ans The original of the Partheniens Phalanthus The Parthe niens seke theÌ„ a newe dwelling place They place them selues in Italye The loue of Phalanthus toward his country Phaâ—…anthus is honoured for a God The Messeniens are subdued afterward doo rebell Tirteus bringâ—…th the spartanes in despaire The force of Poetrye The courage of the Messenians Occasyon of war betwene the
Lacedemonians and â—…atheniens See the nature of enuy The noble â—…o ings of Pericles The Lacedemonians take a truce and breake it The wisdom of Pâ—…icles in reuengyng his countrye His wisdom in aâ—…oidinge hys owne periâ—…s Battel on the â—…ea The Lacedemoniâ—…s brake the truce againe The discription of Sicil with the nature therof The narow seas of Sicil Scilla and Charybdis The names of Sicil. An example of iustice and good gouernaunce and the frute theâ—…of â—…de more hereof in the xviii xix xx xxii bokes â—…iuil warâ—…s in Sicil by meanes wher of the athâ—… ens werâ—… broughâ—… to a sore after 〈◊〉 alcibiades ari ueth in Sicil and is sent for home again tanswer to accusanoÌ„s The prayse of Gylippus Thatheniens are vanquiâ—…ed The third diâ—… comfiture of them The fourth ouerthrâ—… oâ—… them Gylippus 〈◊〉 loweâ—…h the victory â–ª Demosthenes 〈◊〉 him selfe The pointes wherof Alcibiades was appealed alcibiades stirreth the Lacedemonians against hys owne countrye He was the sonne of artax erxes was the viii kyng of Persia. The prowes of thathenieÌ„s â—…auour â—…oloweth fortuâ—… The doinges of Alcibiades againste his owne couÌ„trie He 〈◊〉 no lessâ—… â–ª The naturâ—…â—… maners of 〈◊〉 cibiades Marke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Note his crafty deling alcibiades is called outâ—… of exite and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 generall of the warres alcâ—…tades ouercome the Lacedemontans His tryumphanâ—… returu vnto athens The fortune of alcibiades Ouersight pernitious in a captain Alciâ—…des is banished againe A great slaughter of the atheniens The courage of thathenâ—…eÌ„s Their last ouerthrowe slaughter a Rhetoricall description of the afflicted state of 〈◊〉 Athens is be sieged peace is graâ—… ted to the Atheniens It was the 400. before the comminge of Christ. Eu sebius This was the yonger Dennis of whome reade in the xxi boke Athens is op pressed wyth tiranny The final 〈◊〉 of alcibiades The crueltyâ—… of the tirants The loue of Thrasibuluâ—… to his tountry The like example of Lysias Uncorrupted faithfulnes The tyrants are 〈◊〉 shâ—…d The worthy rewarde of tyranye ThathenieÌ„s at restored to their countâ—… agayne cause of 〈◊〉 ge betwene the Corinthi ans Lacedemonians The death of Darius Nothus The wicked war betwene Cyrus and ar taxâ—…rxes Cyrus is slayne Ambition is neuer satisfied The warres betwene the Lacedemonians and the Persians Tyssaphernes is accused to y â— king Conon is ma de admirall of the Persian â—…ete The praise of Conon audof agesilaus â—… mutinye for nonpaiment of wages The 〈◊〉 oâ—… Conon to 〈◊〉 kynge The 〈◊〉 of Conon The circumâ—…spectnesse of the two Cap taines LysaÌ„der Conon The praise of Lysanda The Lacedemonians are vanquished on the sea after misfortune foloweth disdayne Lysander 〈◊〉 slayne Agesilans 〈◊〉 couereth the victory being loste The coÌ„mendacion of Iphicrates Conon retur neth to Aâ—…heÌ„s An vniuersall peace is en ioyned to all Grece It was 〈◊〉 yere before the birthe of Christe 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The token oâ—… the victory geuen The courage of the old 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is wounded to death The praise of EpaminoÌ„das in whom is ex pressed the Image of a good captaine and of a iust magistrate The 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 das at hys death The fyrst kyng of Macedoâ—… Of 〈◊〉 and of his 〈◊〉 phâ—…y Argâ—… The 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of the Mâ—… câ—…dones The frendlye entertainmeÌ„t of the Persian ambassaâ—…ors Note the modesty of the barbarous people in choâ—…e daies Thambassadors of Persia murdeted for incontineÌ„cye Aâ—…nce by matiage beâ—…wene the Persians and the macedons Amyntas the second The 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 Thâ—… 〈◊〉 on of kynge 〈◊〉 A 〈◊〉 and wicked mother Philiptaketh the kingdome vpon him The troubled state of Macedone The pollitike demcanor of Philip. The 〈◊〉 warres oâ—… king 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a wyfe A good 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 An 〈◊〉 of modesty The discord of the Cityes of grece The Thebanes can not 〈◊〉 their good fortune Nede hath no law The Thebanes are ouercome The 〈◊〉 folye of the Thebanes The force of supersticion A discourâ—… a gainst the im piety of the atheniens The falshead and vntrouth of king Philip The 〈◊〉 of Philip. Philip 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 allawe and right The malyce oâ—… the Theba 〈◊〉 The misâ—…rable state of Grece The 〈◊〉 â—…sage of Philip Philip 〈◊〉 no promise Philip â—…emoueth whole couÌ„tries with their people Philip abuseth alexander and deposeth arimba kings of Eplre Philip â—…geth Constaâ—…inople Philip maketh a rode in to Tartaâ—… â–ª The vngratitude of the kyng of Scythia The athâ—…nieÌ„s are vanquiâ—…hed The 〈◊〉 dissiâ—…lation of king Phillip The gentlenes of Phillip towardes the â—…theniens His rigor towardes the Thâ—…banes A notable â—…xample of constancy 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The nombâ—… of kinge Pâ—…lips men of warre Phillip â—…deth the Empire of persâ—… He 〈◊〉 him seife 〈◊〉 Olympias He maryeth his daughter to alexander king of epyre The death of king Phillip The cause of Phâ—…ps deâ—…h Occasions of great displeaâ—…re betwene Phllip hys son alexandre The doingâ—… of 〈◊〉 at the 〈◊〉 of Phâ—…p The 〈◊〉 of a 〈◊〉 â–ª The description of kynge Philip. A comparison betwene Phi lip alexadre This â—…ame is he that is meÌ„tiond of in the v. and vi bokes before The wickednesse of Darius towarde hys father The iuste reward of treson The 〈◊〉 of Ochus The estate of macedone after the death of king philip The wise and discrete behauiour of Alexander The murderers 〈◊〉 kyngPhilip are punished Alexander gâ—… eth forward with the waâ—… agaynste the Persians thaâ—… his father phâ—… lip had begoâ—… â–ª Alexander suâ—… presseth the commotions in grece The hatred of all grece to ward the Thebanes The â—…sion of â—…das for the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of tâ—… câ—…y The Citye of Thebes is 〈◊〉 stroyed The same is he that in the â—…ast boke is called Codoâ—…an alexander setâ—…eth an ordee in his kingdome â—…he noble co rage and free hart of alexan der alexanders hoste 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of Da rius The nomber of the Persians Darius is vanquished Of the citye Gordis and of Gordius 〈◊〉 Alexander ta keth a greate 〈◊〉 The seconde â—…ncounter betwene AlexaÌ„der Darius The 〈◊〉 of the â—…ans The 〈◊〉 oâ—… 〈◊〉 Superfluitie the cause of disorder A kyng of a gardiner Alexander be 〈◊〉 Tire alexander goeth to â—…mo in 〈◊〉 The 〈◊〉 of the priests whiche after was the â—…struction of manye 〈◊〉 men The building of alexandria in Egipt alexanders an swers to Da rius letters The wyfe of darius dyeth The thirde letter of Darius to alexander alexanders answere The 〈◊〉 â—…counter betwene â—…us and alex ander Darius is put to flight The caâ—…e of Darius for the safegarde of his souldioures Here beginneth the Em â—…ptre of Mace done Darius is bound in setters of gold and woundâ—… to death to hys owne 〈◊〉 The woordeâ—… of Darius 〈◊〉 hys deathe Letters of Antipatâ—… regent of Macedone A rebeliyâ—… in grece The valiantnesse of 〈◊〉 agis Of this Alexander is men tion made in the end of the viii boke The foundati on of