set_v down_o in_o herodotus_n but_o then_o they_o be_v set_v down_o as_o tradition_n and_o which_o be_v more_o they_o be_v sole_o to_o be_v find_v in_o he_o though_o he_o be_v not_o the_o only_a ancient_a writer_n that_o mention_n the_o pyramid_n he_o only_o name_v cheops_n and_o mycerinus_n who_o be_v different_o name_v by_o other_o historian_n and_o the_o time_n when_o they_o live_v be_v as_o little_o agree_v upon_o as_o the_o name_n by_o which_o they_o be_v call_v the_o history_n of_o a_o nation_n can_v sure_o be_v worth_a very_o little_a that_o can_v not_o preserve_v the_o memory_n of_o the_o name_n at_o least_o if_o not_o the_o time_n of_o those_o prince_n who_o be_v at_o so_o much_o pain_n to_o be_v remember_v in_o a_o place_n where_o their_o monument_n be_v so_o very_o visible_a that_o no_o person_n can_v ever_o sail_v up_o and_o down_o the_o nile_n to_o or_o from_o their_o capital_a city_n memphis_n without_o take_v notice_n of_o they_o and_o every_o man_n upon_o his_o first_o 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of_o modern_a critic_n which_o require_v more_o fineness_n of_o thought_n and_o happiness_n of_o invention_n than_o perhaps_o twenty_o such_o volume_n as_o those_o be_v upon_o which_o these_o very_a criticism_n be_v make_v for_o though_o general_o speak_v good_a copy_n be_v absolute_o necessary_a though_o the_o critic_n himself_o must_v have_v a_o perfect_a command_n of_o the_o language_n and_o particular_a style_n of_o his_o author_n must_v have_v a_o clear_a idea_n of_o the_o way_n and_o humour_n of_o the_o age_n in_o which_o he_o write_v many_o of_o which_o thing_n require_v great_a sagacity_n as_o well_o as_o great_a industry_n yet_o there_o be_v a_o peculiar_a quickness_n in_o discern_v what_o be_v proper_a to_o the_o passage_n then_o to_o be_v correct_v in_o distinguish_v all_o the_o particular_a circumstance_n necessary_a to_o be_v observe_v and_o those_o perhaps_o very_o numerous_a which_o raise_v a_o judicious_a critic_n very_o
way_n of_o reckon_a every_o oration_n of_o demosthenes_n and_o isocrates_n every_o play_n of_o aeschylus_n or_o aristophanes_n every_o discourse_n of_o plato_n or_o aristotle_n be_v ancient_o call_v a_o volume_n this_o will_v lessen_v the_o number_n to_o we_o who_o take_v whole_a collection_n of_o every_o author_n work_n in_o one_o lump_n and_o call_v they_o according_o in_o our_o catalogue_n if_o print_v together_o but_o by_o one_o title_n 2._o sir_n william_n temple_n seem_v to_o take_v it_o for_o grant_v that_o all_o these_o book_n be_v original_n that_o be_v to_o say_v book_n worth_a preserve_n which_o be_v more_o than_o any_o man_n can_v now_o prove_v i_o suppose_v he_o himself_o believe_v that_o there_o be_v ancient_n of_o all_o sort_n and_o size_n as_o well_o as_o there_o be_v modern_n now_o and_o he_o that_o raise_v a_o library_n take_v in_o book_n of_o all_o value_v since_o bad_a book_n have_v their_o uses_n to_o learned_a man_n as_o well_o as_o good_a one_o so_o that_o for_o any_o thing_n we_o know_v to_o the_o contrary_a there_o may_v have_v be_v in_o this_o alexandrian_a library_n a_o great_a number_n of_o ibid._n scribbler_n that_o like_o mushroom_n or_o fly_n be_v bear_v and_o die_v in_o small_a circle_n of_o time_n 3_o the_o world_n can_v make_v a_o better_a judgement_n of_o the_o value_n of_o what_o be_v lose_v at_o least_o as_o it_o relate_v to_o the_o present_a enquiry_n than_o one_o at_o first_o view_n may_v perhaps_o imagine_v the_o lose_a book_n of_o the_o antiquity_n of_o several_a nation_n of_o their_o civil_a history_n of_o the_o limit_n of_o their_o several_a empire_n and_o commonwealth_n of_o their_o law_n and_o manner_n or_o of_o any_o thing_n immediate_o relate_v to_o any_o of_o these_o be_v not_o here_o to_o be_v consider_v because_o it_o can_v be_v pretend_v that_o the_o modern_n can_v know_v any_o of_o these_o thing_n but_o as_o they_o be_v teach_v so_o neither_o be_v what_o may_v have_v relate_v to_o ethic_n politic_n poesy_n and_o oratory_n here_o to_o be_v urge_v since_o in_o those_o matter_n the_o worth_a of_o ancient_a knowledge_n have_v already_o be_v assert_v so_o that_o one_o be_v only_o to_o inquire_v what_o and_o how_o great_a the_o loss_n be_v of_o all_o those_o book_n upon_o natural_a or_o mathematical_a argument_n which_o be_v preserve_v in_o the_o alexandrian_a asiatic_a and_o roman_a library_n or_o mention_v in_o the_o write_n of_o the_o ancient_a philosopher_n and_o historian_n by_o which_o deduction_n the_o former_a number_n will_v be_v yet_o again_o considerable_o lessen_v now_o a_o very_a true_a judgement_n of_o ancient_a skill_n in_o natural_a history_n may_v be_v form_v out_o of_o pliny_n who_o extract_v of_o book_n still_o extant_a be_v so_o particular_a for_o the_o present_a purpose_n that_o there_o be_v reason_n to_o believe_v they_o be_v not_o make_v careless_o of_o those_o that_o be_v lose_v galen_n seem_v to_o have_v read_v whatever_o he_o can_v meet_v with_o relate_v to_o medicine_n in_o all_o its_o part_n and_o the_o opinion_n of_o abundance_n of_o author_n who_o name_n be_v no_o where_o else_o preserve_v may_v be_v discover_v out_o of_o his_o book_n of_o the_o famous_a one_o especial_o who_o at_o every_o turn_v he_o either_o contradict_v or_o produce_v to_o fortify_v his_o own_o assertion_n ptolemee_n give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o old_a astronomy_n in_o his_o almage_a very_o many_o particular_n of_o the_o invention_n and_o method_n of_o ancient_a geometer_n be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o mathematical_a collection_n of_o pappus_n the_o opinion_n of_o the_o different_a sect_n of_o philosopher_n be_v well_o enough_o preserve_v in_o the_o entire_a treatise_n of_o the_o several_a philosopher_n who_o be_v of_o their_o sect_n or_o in_o the_o discourse_n of_o other_o who_o occasional_o or_o express_o confute_v what_o they_o say_v so_o that_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o think_v that_o the_o philosophical_a and_o mathematical_a learning_n of_o the_o ancient_n be_v better_v convey_v to_o we_o than_o the_o civil_a the_o book_n which_o treat_v of_o those_o subject_n suit_v better_a the_o genius_n of_o several_a man_n and_o of_o several_a nation_n too_o for_o which_o reason_n the_o arab_n translate_v the_o most_o considerable_a greek_a book_n of_o this_o kind_n as_o euclid_n apollonius_n aristotle_n epictetus_n cebes_n and_o abundance_n more_o that_o have_v write_v of_o philosophy_n or_o mathematics_n into_o their_o own_o language_n whilst_o they_o let_v book_n of_o antiquity_n and_o civil_a history_n lie_v unregarded_a sir_n william_n temple_n next_o enquiry_n be_v from_o whence_o both_o the_o ancient_n and_o modern_n have_v receive_v their_o knowledge_n his_o method_n do_v not_o seem_v to_o be_v very_o natural_a nor_o his_o question_n very_o proper_a since_o if_o discovery_n be_v once_o make_v it_o be_v not_o so_o material_a to_o know_v who_o teach_v the_o several_a inventor_n as_o what_o these_o inventor_n first_o teach_v other_o but_o set_v that_o aside_o the_o sum_n of_o what_o he_o say_v in_o short_a be_v this_o 12._o the_o modern_n gather_v all_o their_o learning_n out_o of_o book_n in_o university_n which_o be_v but_o dumb_a guide_n that_o can_v lead_v man_n but_o one_o way_n without_o be_v able_a to_o set_v they_o right_o if_o they_o shall_v wander_v from_o it_o these_o book_n beside_o be_v very_o few_o the_o remain_v of_o the_o write_n of_o here_o and_o there_o a_o author_n that_o write_v from_o the_o time_n of_o hypocrates_n to_o m._n antoninus_n in_o the_o compass_n of_o six_o or_o seven_o hundred_o year_n whereas_o thales_n and_o pythagoras_n take_v another_o sort_n of_o a_o method_n thales_n acquire_v his_o knowledge_n in_o egypt_n phoenicia_n delphos_n and_o crete_n 15._o pythagoras_n spend_v twenty_o two_o year_n in_o egypt_n and_o twelve_o year_n more_o in_o chaldea_n and_o then_o return_v lade_v with_o all_o their_o store_n and_o not_o content_v with_o that_o go_v into_o ethiopia_n arabia_n india_n and_o crete_n and_o visit_v delphos_n and_o all_o the_o renown_a oracle_n in_o the_o world_n 17._o lest_o we_o shall_v wonder_v why_o pythagoras_n go_v so_o far_o we_o be_v tell_v that_o the_o indian_a brahmin_n be_v so_o careful_a to_o educate_v those_o who_o be_v intend_v for_o scholar_n that_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o mother_n be_v find_v themselves_o with_o child_n much_o thought_n and_o diligence_n be_v employ_v about_o their_o diet_n and_o entertainment_n to_o furnish_v they_o with_o pleasant_a imagination_n to_o compose_v their_o mind_n and_o their_o sleep_v with_o the_o best_a temper_n during_o the_o time_n that_o they_o carry_v their_o burden_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o they_o must_v needs_o have_v be_v very_o learned_a since_o they_o be_v oblige_v to_o spend_v thirty_o seven_o year_n in_o get_v instruction_n their_o knowledge_n be_v all_o traditional_a they_o think_v the_o world_n be_v round_o and_o make_v by_o a_o spirit_n they_o believe_v the_o transmigration_n of_o soul_n and_o they_o esteem_v sickness_n such_o a_o mark_n of_o intemperance_n that_o when_o they_o find_v themselves_o indispose_v they_o die_v out_o of_o shame_n and_o sullenness_n though_o some_o live_v a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o or_o two_o hundred_o year_n 23._o these_o indian_n have_v their_o knowledge_n in_o all_o probability_n from_o china_n a_o country_n where_o learning_n have_v be_v in_o request_n from_o the_o time_n of_o fohius_n their_o first_o king_n it_o be_v to_o be_v presume_v that_o they_o communicate_v of_o their_o store_n to_o other_o nation_n though_o they_o themselves_o have_v few_o footstep_n of_o it_o remain_v beside_o the_o write_n of_o confucius_n which_o be_v chief_o moral_a and_o political_n because_o one_o of_o their_o king_n who_o desire_v that_o the_o memory_n of_o every_o thing_n shall_v begin_v with_o himself_o cause_v book_n of_o all_o sort_n not_o relate_v to_o physic_n and_o agriculture_n to_o be_v destroy_v 21._o from_o india_n learning_n be_v carry_v into_o ethiopia_n and_o arabia_n thence_o by_o the_o way_n of_o the_o red_a sea_n it_o come_v into_o phoenicia_n and_o the_o egyptian_n learn_v it_o of_o the_o ethiopian_n this_o be_v a_o short_a account_n of_o the_o history_n of_o learning_n as_o sir_n william_n temple_n have_v deduce_v it_o from_o its_o most_o ancient_a beginning_n the_o exception_n which_o may_v be_v make_v against_o it_o be_v many_o and_o yet_o more_o against_o the_o conclusion_n which_o he_o draw_v from_o it_o for_o though_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o egyptian_n have_v the_o ground_n and_o element_n of_o most_o part_n of_o real_a learning_n among_o they_o early_o than_o the_o greek_n yet_o that_o be_v no_o argument_n why_o the_o grecian_n shall_v not_o go_v beyond_o their_o teacher_n or_o why_o the_o modern_n may_v not_o outdo_v they_o both_o before_o i_o examine_v sir_n william_n temple_n scheme_n step_v by_o step_n i_o shall_v offer_v as_o the_o geometer_n
reflection_n relate_v to_o the_o follow_a chapter_n with_o a_o account_n of_o sir_n william_n temple_n be_v hypothesis_n of_o the_o history_n of_o learning_n p._n 77_o chap._n 8._o of_o the_o learning_n of_o pythagoras_n and_o the_o most_o ancient_a philosopher_n of_o greece_n p._n 91_o chap._n 9_o of_o the_o history_n and_o mathematics_n of_o the_o ancient_a egyptian_n p._n 103_o chap._n 10._o of_o the_o natural_a philosophy_n medicine_n and_o alchemy_n of_o the_o ancient_a egyptian_n p._n 116_o chap._n 11._o of_o the_o learning_n of_o the_o ancient_a chaldean_n and_o arabian_n p._n 136_o chap._n 12._o of_o the_o learning_n of_o the_o chinese_n p._n 144_o chap._n 13._o of_o the_o logic_n and_o metaphysic_n of_o the_o ancient_a greek_n p._n 154_o chap._n 14._o of_o ancient_n and_o modern_a geometry_n and_o arithmetic_n p._n 159_o chap._n 15._o of_o several_a instrument_n invent_v by_o the_o modern_n which_o have_v help_v to_o advance_v learning_n p._n 169_o chap._n 16._o of_o ancient_n and_o modern_a chemistry_n p._n 183_o chap._n 17._o of_o ancient_n and_o modern_a anatomy_n p._n 190_o chap._n 18._o of_o the_o circulation_n of_o the_o blood_n p._n 206_o chap._n 19_o further_a reflection_n upon_o ancient_n and_o modern_a anatomy_n p._n 218_o chap._n 20._o of_o ancient_n and_o modern_a natural_a history_n of_o elementary_a body_n and_o mineral_n p._n 238_o chap._n 21._o of_o ancient_n and_o modern_a history_n of_o plant_n p._n 252_o chap._n 22._o of_o ancient_n and_o modern_a history_n of_o animal_n p._n 263_o chap._n 23._o of_o ancient_n and_o modern_a astronomy_n and_o optic_n p._n 275_o chap._n 24._o of_o ancient_n and_o modern_a music_n p._n 282_o chap._n 25._o of_o ancient_n and_o modern_a physic_n p._n 289_o chap._n 26._o of_o ancient_n and_o modern_a natural_a philosophy_n p._n 299_o chap._n 27._o of_o the_o philological_a learning_n of_o the_o modern_n p._n 310_o chap._n 28._o of_o the_o theological_a learning_n of_o the_o modern_n p._n 322_o chap._n 29._o reflection_n upon_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o decay_n of_o modern_a learning_n assign_v by_o sir_n william_n temple_n p._n 342_o advertisement_n ☞_o the_o reader_n be_v desire_v to_o take_v notice_n that_o the_o second_o edition_n of_o sir_n william_n temple_n essay_n be_v quote_v every_o where_o in_o this_o book_n but_o that_o all_o the_o citation_n be_v also_o to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o three_o edition_n which_o be_v correct_v and_o enlarge_v by_o the_o author_n errata_fw-la pag._n 90._o lin_v 5._o r._n account_n p._n 94_o 95._o r._n van_n dalen_n p._n 122._o l._n 5._o r._n exurere_fw-la p._n 145._o l._n ult_n for_o mechanic_n r._n mathematics_n p._n 146._o l._n 3._o r._n verbiest_n p._n 164._o l._n 26._o r._n van_n heuraet_n p._n 176._o l._n 24._o r._n limb._n p._n 280._o l._n 22._o r._n ellipse_n p._n 271._o l._n 3._o r._n can_v p._n 312._o l._n 2._o r._n when_o we_o p._n 314._o l._n 26._o for_o letter_n r._n discourse_n p._n 315._o l._n 13._o for_o it_o be_v r._n they_o be_v reflection_n upon_o ancient_n and_o modern_a learning_n chap._n 1._o general_a reflection_n upon_o the_o state_n of_o the_o question_n the_o present_a state_n of_o the_o design_n and_o study_n of_o mankind_n be_v so_o very_o different_a from_o what_o it_o be_v 150_o year_n ago_o that_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n if_o man_n notion_n concern_v they_o vary_v as_o much_o as_o the_o thing_n themselves_o this_o great_a difference_n arise_v from_o the_o desire_n which_o every_o man_n have_v who_o believe_v that_o he_o can_v do_v great_a thing_n than_o his_o neighbour_n of_o let_v they_o see_v how_o much_o he_o do_v excel_v they_o this_o will_v oblige_v he_o to_o omit_v no_o opportunity_n that_o offer_v itself_o to_o do_v it_o and_o afterward_o to_o express_v his_o satisfaction_n that_o he_o have_v do_v it_o this_o be_v not_o only_o visible_a in_o particular_a person_n but_o in_o the_o several_a age_n of_o mankind_n which_o be_v only_a community_n of_o particular_a person_n live_v at_o the_o same_o time_n as_o often_o as_o their_o humour_n or_o their_o interest_n lead_v they_o to_o pursue_v the_o same_o method_n this_o emulation_n equal_o show_v itself_o whatsoever_o the_o subject_a be_v about_o which_o it_o be_v employ_v whether_o it_o be_v about_o matter_n of_o trade_n or_o war_n or_o learning_n it_o be_v all_o one_o one_o nation_n will_v strive_v to_o outdo_v another_o and_o so_o will_v one_o age_n too_o when_o several_a nation_n agree_v in_o the_o pursuit_n of_o the_o same_o design_n only_o the_o jealousy_n be_v not_o so_o great_a in_o the_o contest_v for_o learning_n as_o it_o be_v in_o that_o for_o riches_n and_o power_n because_o these_o be_v thing_n which_o every_o several_a people_n strive_v to_o engross_v all_o to_o themselves_o so_o that_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o border_a nation_n to_o suffer_v with_o any_o patience_n that_o their_o neighbour_n shall_v grow_v as_o great_a as_o they_o in_o either_o of_o they_o to_o their_o own_o prejudice_n though_o they_o will_v all_o agree_v in_o raise_v the_o credit_n of_o the_o age_n they_o live_v in_o upon_o that_o account_n that_o be_v the_o only_a thing_n wherein_o their_o interest_n do_v perfect_o unite_v if_o this_o way_n of_o reason_v will_n bold_a it_o may_v be_v ask_v how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o learned_a man_n of_o the_o last_o age_n do_v not_o pretend_v that_o they_o outdo_v the_o ancient_n as_o well_o as_o some_o do_v now_o they_o will_v without_o question_n can_v they_o have_v have_v any_o colour_n for_o it_o it_o be_v the_o work_n of_o one_o age_n to_o remove_v the_o rubbish_n and_o to_o clear_v the_o way_n for_o future_a inventor_n man_n seldom_o strive_v for_o mastery_n where_o the_o superiority_n be_v not_o in_o some_o sort_n disputable_a than_o it_o be_v that_o they_o begin_v to_o strive_v according_o as_o soon_o as_o there_o be_v a_o fair_a pretence_n for_o such_o a_o dispute_n there_o be_v not_o want_v those_o who_o soon_o make_v the_o most_o of_o it_o both_o by_o exalt_v their_o own_o performance_n and_o disparage_v every_o thing_n that_o have_v be_v do_v of_o that_o kind_n by_o their_o predecessor_n till_o the_o new_a philosophy_n have_v get_v ground_n in_o the_o world_n this_o be_v do_v very_o spare_o which_o be_v but_o within_o the_o compass_n of_o 40_o or_o 50_o year_n there_o be_v but_o few_o before_o who_o will_v be_v think_v to_o have_v exceed_v the_o ancient_n unless_o it_o be_v some_o few_o physician_n who_o set_v up_o chemical_a method_n of_o practice_n and_o theory_n of_o disease_n found_v upon_o chemical_a notion_n in_o opposition_n to_o the_o galenical_a but_o these_o man_n for_o want_v of_o converse_v much_o out_o of_o their_o own_o laboratory_n be_v unable_a to_o maintain_v their_o cause_n to_o the_o general_a conviction_n of_o mankind_n the_o credit_n of_o the_o cure_n which_o they_o wrought_v not_o support_v they_o enough_o against_o the_o reason_n of_o their_o adversary_n soon_o after_o the_o restauration_n of_o king_n charles_n ii_o upon_o the_o institution_n of_o the_o royal_a society_n the_o comparative_a excellency_n of_o the_o old_a and_o new_a philosophy_n be_v eager_o debate_v in_o england_n but_o the_o dispute_v then_o manage_v between_o stubbe_n and_o glanvile_n be_v rather_o personal_a relate_v to_o the_o royal_a society_n than_o general_n relate_v to_o knowledge_n in_o its_o utmost_a extent_n in_o france_n this_o controversy_n have_v be_v take_v up_o more_o at_o large_a the_o french_a be_v not_o satisfy_v to_o argue_v the_o point_n in_o philosophy_n and_o mathematics_n but_o even_o in_o poetry_n and_o oratory_n too_o where_o the_o ancient_n have_v the_o general_a prejudice_n of_o the_o learned_a on_o their_o side_n mounseur_fw-fr de_fw-fr fontenelle_n the_o celebrate_a author_n of_o a_o book_n concern_v the_o plurality_n of_o world_n begin_v the_o dispute_n about_o six_o year_n ago_o in_o a_o little_a discourse_n annex_v to_o his_o pastoral_n he_o be_v something_o shy_a in_o declare_v his_o mind_n at_o least_o in_o arraign_v the_o ancient_n who_o reputation_n be_v already_o establish_v though_o it_o be_v plain_a he_o will_v be_v understand_v to_o give_v the_o modern_n the_o preference_n in_o poetry_n and_o oratory_n as_o well_o as_o in_o philosophy_n and_o mathematics_n his_o book_n be_v receive_v with_o great_a applause_n it_o be_v oppose_v in_o england_n by_o sir_n william_n temple_n who_o in_o the_o second_o part_n of_o his_o miscellanea_fw-la have_v print_v a_o essay_n upon_o this_o very_a subject_n have_v monsieur_n de_fw-fr fontenelle_n discourse_n pass_v unquestioned_a it_o will_v have_v be_v very_o strange_a since_o there_o never_o be_v a_o new_a notion_n start_v in_o the_o world_n but_o some_o be_v find_v who_o do_v as_o eager_o contradict_v it_o the_o opinion_n which_o sir_n william_n temple_n appear_v for_o be_v receive_v by_o so_o great_a a_o number_n of_o
have_v be_v more_o valuable_a than_o any_o much_o more_o than_o a_o critical_a knowledge_n 3._o since_o by_o that_o loud_a trumpet_n which_o our_o courage_n aid_n we_o learn_v that_o sound_v as_o well_o as_o sense_n persuade_v the_o felicity_n of_o a_o manageable_a language_n when_o improve_v by_o man_n of_o nice_a ear_n and_o true_a judgement_n be_v great_a and_o go_v further_a to_o make_v man_n orator_n and_o poet_n than_o mounseur_fw-fr perrault_n seem_v willing_a to_o allow_v though_o there_o be_v a_o plain_a reason_n for_o his_o unwillingness_n the_o french_a language_n want_v strength_n to_o temper_n and_o support_v its_o smoothness_n for_o the_o noble_a part_n of_o poesy_n and_o perhaps_o of_o oratory_n too_o though_o the_o french_a nation_n want_v no_o accomplishment_n necessary_a to_o make_v a_o poet_n or_o a_o orator_n therefore_o their_o late_a critic_n be_v always_o set_v rule_n and_o tell_v man_n what_o must_v be_v do_v and_o what_o omit_v if_o they_o will_v be_v poet_n what_o they_o find_v they_o can_v do_v themselves_o shall_v be_v so_o clog_v where_o they_o may_v have_v the_o management_n that_o other_o shall_v be_v afraid_a to_o attempt_v it_o they_o be_v too_o fond_a of_o their_o language_n to_o acknowledge_v where_o the_o fault_n lie_v and_o therefore_o the_o chief_a thing_n they_o tell_v we_o be_v that_o sense_n connexion_n and_o method_n be_v the_o principal_a thing_n to_o be_v mind_v according_o they_o have_v translate_v most_o of_o the_o ancient_a poet_n even_o the_o lyric_n into_o french_a prose_n and_o from_o those_o translation_n they_o pass_v their_o judgement_n and_o call_v upon_o other_o to_o do_v so_o too_o so_o that_o when_o to_o use_v sir_n j._n denham_n comparison_n by_o pour_v the_o spirit_n of_o the_o ancient_a poetry_n from_o one_o bottle_n into_o another_o they_o have_v lose_v the_o most_o volatile_a part_n and_o the_o rest_n become_v flat_a and_o insipid_a these_o critic_n exclaim_v against_o the_o ancient_n as_o if_o they_o do_v not_o sufficient_o understand_v poetical_a chemistry_n this_o be_v so_o great_a a_o truth_n that_o even_o in_o oratory_n it_o hold_v though_o in_o a_o less_o degree_n thucydides_n therefore_o have_v hard_a measure_n to_o be_v compare_v with_o the_o bishop_n of_o meaux_n when_o his_o oration_n be_v turn_v into_o another_o language_n whilst_o mounseur_fw-fr de_fw-fr meaux_n stand_v unaltered_a for_o though_o sense_n be_v sense_n in_o every_o tongue_n yet_o all_o language_n have_v a_o peculiar_a way_n of_o express_v the_o same_o thing_n which_o be_v lose_v in_o translation_n and_o much_o more_o in_o mounseur_fw-fr de_fw-fr ablancourt_n who_o profess_v to_o mind_v two_o very_a different_a thing_n at_o once_o to_o translate_v his_o author_n and_o to_o write_v elegant_a book_n in_o his_o own_o language_n which_o last_o he_o have_v certain_o do_v and_o he_o know_v that_o more_o person_n can_v find_v fault_n with_o his_o style_n if_o it_o have_v be_v faulty_a than_o find_v out_o mistake_v in_o his_o render_v of_o the_o greek_a of_o thucydides_n beside_o the_o beauty_n of_o the_o author_n composition_n be_v in_o all_o translation_n entire_o lose_v though_o the_o ancient_n be_v superstitious_o exact_a about_o it_o and_o in_o their_o elegant_a prose_n as_o much_o almost_o as_o in_o their_o verse_n so_o that_o a_o man_n can_v have_v but_o half_a a_o idea_n of_o the_o ancient_a eloquence_n and_o that_o not_o always_o faithful_a who_o judge_n of_o it_o without_o such_o a_o skill_n in_o greek_a and_o latin_a as_o can_v enable_v he_o to_o read_v history_n oration_n and_o poem_n in_o those_o language_n with_o ease_n and_o pleasure_n but_o it_o be_v time_n to_o return_v to_o my_o subject_n chap._n v._o of_o ancient_n and_o modern_a grammar_n grammar_n be_v one_o of_o the_o science_n which_o sir_n william_n temple_n say_v that_o 44._o no_o man_n ever_o dispute_v with_o the_o ancient_n as_o this_o assertion_n be_v express_v it_o be_v a_o little_a ambiguous_a it_o may_v be_v understand_v of_o the_o skill_n of_o the_o modern_n in_o the_o grammatical_a analogy_n of_o latin_a and_o greek_a or_o of_o their_o skill_n in_o the_o grammar_n of_o their_o mother-tongue_n beside_o grammar_n may_v either_o be_v consider_v mechanical_o or_o philosophical_o those_o consider_v it_o mechanical_o who_o only_o examine_v the_o idiotism_n and_o propriety_n of_o every_o particular_a language_n and_o lay_v down_o rule_v to_o teach_v they_o to_o other_o those_o consider_v it_o as_o philosopher_n who_o run_v over_o the_o several_a step_n by_o which_o every_o language_n have_v alter_v its_o idiom_n who_o inquire_v into_o the_o several_a perfection_n and_o imperfection_n of_o those_o tongue_n with_o which_o they_o be_v acquaint_v and_o if_o they_o be_v live_v language_n propose_v method_n how_o to_o remedy_v they_o or_o at_o least_o remove_v those_o obscurity_n which_o be_v thereby_o occasion_v in_o such_o discourse_n where_o truth_n be_v only_o regard_v and_o not_o eloquence_n now_o this_o mechanical_a grammar_n of_o greek_a and_o latin_a have_v be_v very_o careful_o study_v by_o modern_a critic_n sanctius_n scioppius_n and_o gerhard_n vossius_fw-la beside_o a_o great_a number_n of_o other_o who_o have_v occasional_o show_v their_o skill_n in_o their_o illustration_n of_o ancient_a author_n have_v give_v evident_a proof_n how_o well_o they_o understand_v the_o latin_a tongue_n so_o have_v caninius_n clenard_n and_o abundance_n more_o in_o greek_a wherein_o they_o have_v go_v upon_o sure_a ground_n since_o beside_o a_o great_a number_n of_o book_n in_o both_o language_n upon_o other_o subject_n abundance_n of_o grammatical_a treatise_n such_o as_o scholia_fw-la upon_o difficult_a author_n glossary_n onomasticon_n etymologicon_n rudiment_n of_o grammar_n etc._n etc._n have_v be_v preserve_v and_o publish_v by_o skilful_a man_n most_o of_o they_o at_o least_o with_o great_a care_n and_o accuracy_n so_o that_o there_o be_v reason_n to_o believe_v that_o some_o modern_a critic_n may_v have_v understand_v the_o grammatical_a construction_n of_o latin_a as_o well_o as_o varro_n or_o caesar_n and_o of_o greek_a as_o well_o as_o aristarchus_n or_o herodian_a but_o this_o can_v be_v pretend_v to_o be_v a_o new_a invention_n for_o the_o grammar_n of_o dead_a language_n can_v be_v only_o learn_v by_o book_n and_o since_o their_o analogy_n can_v neither_o be_v increase_v nor_o diminish_v it_o must_v be_v leave_v as_o we_o find_v it_o so_o that_o when_o sir_n william_n temple_n say_v that_o no_o man_n ever_o dispute_v grammar_n with_o the_o ancient_n if_o he_o mean_v that_o we_o can_v make_v a_o new_a grammar_n of_o a_o dead_a language_n who_o analogy_n have_v be_v determine_v almost_o two_o thousand_o year_n it_o be_v what_o can_v admit_v of_o no_o dispute_n but_o if_o he_o mean_v that_o modern_a language_n have_v not_o be_v grammatical_o examine_v at_o least_o not_o with_o that_o care_n that_o some_o ancient_a tongue_n have_v be_v that_o be_v a_o proposition_n which_o may_v perhaps_o be_v very_o just_o question_v for_o in_o the_o first_o place_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v consider_v that_o every_o tongue_n have_v its_o own_o peculiar_a form_n as_o well_o as_o its_o proper_a word_n not_o communicable_a to_o nor_o to_o be_v regulate_v by_o the_o analogy_n of_o another_o language_n wherefore_o he_o be_v the_o best_a grammarian_n who_o be_v the_o perfect_a master_n of_o the_o analogy_n of_o the_o language_n which_o he_o be_v about_o and_o give_v the_o true_a rule_n by_o which_o another_o man_n may_v learn_v it_o next_o to_o apply_v this_o to_o our_o own_o tongue_n it_o may_v be_v certain_o affirm_v that_o the_o grammar_n of_o english_a be_v so_o far_o our_o own_o that_o skill_n in_o the_o learned_a language_n be_v not_o necessary_a to_o comprehend_v it_o ben._n johnson_n be_v the_o first_o man_n that_o i_o know_v of_o that_o do_v any_o thing_n considerable_a in_o it_o but_o lilly_n grammar_n be_v his_o pattern_n and_o for_o want_v of_o reflect_v upon_o the_o ground_n of_o a_o language_n which_o he_o understand_v as_o well_o as_o any_o man_n of_o his_o age_n he_o draw_v it_o by_o violence_n to_o a_o dead_a language_n that_o be_v of_o a_o quite_o different_a make_n and_o so_o leave_v his_o work_n imperfect_a after_o he_o come_v dr._n wallis_n who_o examine_v the_o english_a tongue_n like_o a_o grammarian_n and_o a_o philosopher_n at_o once_o and_o show_v great_a skill_n in_o that_o business_n and_o of_o his_o english_a grammar_n one_o may_v venture_v to_o say_v that_o it_o may_v be_v set_v against_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v extant_a of_o the_o ancient_n of_o that_o kind_n for_o as_o sir_n william_n temple_n say_v upon_o another_o occasion_n there_o be_v a_o strain_n of_o philosophy_n and_o curious_a thought_n in_o his_o previous_a essay_n of_o the_o formation_n of_o the_o sound_v of_o letter_n and_o of_o subtlety_n in_o the_o grammar_n in_o the_o reduce_n of_o our_o language_n under_o
do_v some_o few_o thing_n as_o postulata_fw-la which_o be_v so_o very_o plain_a that_o they_o will_v be_v assent_v to_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v propose_v 1._o that_o all_o man_n who_o make_v a_o mystery_n of_o matter_n of_o learning_n and_o industrious_o oblige_v their_o scholar_n to_o conceal_v their_o dictate_v give_v the_o world_n great_a reason_n to_o suspect_v that_o their_o knowledge_n be_v all_o juggle_n and_o trick_n 2._o that_o he_o that_o have_v only_o a_o moral_a persuasion_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o any_o proposition_n which_o be_v capable_a of_o natural_a evidence_n can_v so_o proper_o be_v esteem_v the_o inventor_n or_o the_o discoverer_n rather_o of_o that_o proposition_n as_o another_o man_n who_o though_o he_o live_v many_o age_n after_o bring_v such_o evidence_n of_o its_o certainty_n as_o be_v sufficient_a to_o convince_v all_o competent_a judge_n especial_o when_o his_o reason_n be_v found_v upon_o observation_n and_o experiment_n draw_v from_o and_o make_v upon_o the_o thing_n themselves_o 3._o that_o no_o pretence_n to_o great_a measure_n of_o knowledge_n ground_v upon_o account_n of_o long_a succession_n of_o learned_a man_n in_o any_o country_n aught_o to_o gain_v belief_n when_o set_v against_o the_o learning_n of_o other_o nation_n who_o make_v no_o such_o pretence_n unless_o invention_n and_o discovery_n answerable_a to_o those_o advantage_n be_v produce_v by_o their_o advocate_n 4._o that_o we_o can_v judge_v of_o character_n of_o thing_n and_o person_n at_o a_o great_a distance_n when_o give_v at_o second-hand_n unless_o we_o know_v exact_o how_o capable_a those_o person_n from_o who_o such_o character_n be_v first_o take_v be_v to_o pass_v a_o right_a judgement_n upon_o such_o subject_n and_o also_o the_o particular_a motive_n that_o bias_v they_o to_o pass_v such_o censure_n if_o archimedes_n shall_v upon_o his_o own_o knowledge_n speak_v with_o admiration_n of_o the_o egyptian_a geometry_n his_o judgement_n will_v be_v very_o considerable_a but_o if_o he_o shall_v speak_v respectful_o of_o it_o only_o because_o pythagoras_n do_v so_o before_o he_o it_o may_v perhaps_o signify_v but_o very_o little_a 5._o that_o excessive_a commendation_n of_o any_o art_n or_o science_n whatsoever_o as_o also_o of_o the_o learning_n of_o any_o particular_a man_n or_o nation_n only_o prove_v that_o the_o person_n who_o give_v such_o character_n never_o hear_v of_o any_o thing_n or_o person_n that_o be_v more_o excellent_a in_o that_o way_n and_o therefore_o that_o admiration_n may_v be_v as_o well_o suppose_v to_o proceed_v from_o their_o own_o ignorance_n as_o from_o the_o real_a excellency_n of_o the_o person_n or_o thing_n unless_o their_o respective_a ability_n be_v otherwise_o know_v chap._n viii_o of_o the_o learning_n of_o pythagoras_n and_o the_o most_o ancient_a philosopher_n of_o greece_n in_o my_o inquiry_n into_o the_o progress_n of_o learning_n during_o its_o obscure_a age_n or_o those_o at_o least_o which_o be_v so_o to_o we_o at_o this_o distance_n i_o shall_v begin_v with_o the_o account_n which_o be_v give_v of_o the_o learning_n of_o pythagoras_n rather_o than_o those_o of_o the_o more_o ancient_a grecian_a sage_n because_o his_o school_n make_v a_o much_o great_a figure_n in_o the_o world_n than_o any_o of_o those_o which_o precede_v plato_n and_o aristotle_n in_o make_v a_o judgement_n upon_o the_o greatness_n of_o his_o performance_n from_o the_o greatness_n of_o his_o reputation_n one_o ought_v to_o consider_v how_o near_o to_o his_o time_n those_o live_v who_o express_a relation_n of_o his_o life_n be_v the_o old_a we_o have_v diogenes_n laërtius_n be_v the_o ancient_a author_n extant_a that_o have_v purposely_o write_v the_o life_n of_o pythagoras_n according_a to_o menagius_n calculation_n he_o live_v in_o m._n antoninus_n time_n and_o all_o that_o we_o learn_v from_o diogenes_n be_v only_o that_o we_o know_v very_o little_a certain_o about_o pythagoras_n he_o cite_v indeed_o great_a number_n of_o book_n but_o those_o so_o very_o disagree_v in_o their_o relation_n that_o a_o man_n be_v confound_v with_o their_o variety_n beside_o the_o grecian_n magnify_v every_o thing_n that_o they_o commend_v so_o much_o that_o it_o be_v hard_o to_o guess_v how_o far_o they_o may_v be_v believe_v when_o they_o write_v of_o man_n and_o action_n at_o any_o distance_n from_o their_o own_o time_n graecia_n mendax_fw-la be_v almost_o proverbial_a among_o the_o roman_n but_o by_o what_o appear_v from_o the_o account_n of_o the_o life_n of_o pythagoras_n he_o be_v rather_o to_o be_v rank_v among_o the_o lawgiver_n with_o lycurgus_n and_o solon_n and_o his_o own_o two_o disciple_n zaleucus_n and_o charondas_n than_o among_o those_o who_o real_o carry_v learn_v to_o any_o considerable_a height_n therefore_o as_o some_o other_o legislator_n have_v or_o pretend_v to_o have_v supernatural_a assistance_n that_o they_o may_v create_v a_o regard_n for_o their_o law_n in_o the_o people_n to_o who_o they_o give_v they_o so_o pythagoras_n find_v out_o several_a equivalent_n which_o do_v he_o as_o much_o service_n he_o be_v say_v indeed_o to_o have_v live_v many_o year_n in_o egypt_n and_o to_o have_v converse_v much_o with_o the_o philofopher_n of_o the_o east_n but_o if_o he_o invent_v the_o xlviith_o proposition_n in_o the_o first_o book_n of_o euclid_n which_o be_v unanimous_o ascribe_v to_o he_o by_o all_o antiquity_n one_o can_v hardly_o have_v a_o profound_a esteem_n for_o the_o mathematical_a skill_n of_o his_o master_n it_o be_v indeed_o a_o very_a noble_a proposition_n the_o foundation_n of_o trigonometry_n of_o universal_a and_o various_a use_n in_o those_o curious_a speculation_n of_o incommensurable_a number_n which_o his_o disciple_n from_o he_o and_o from_o they_o the_o platonist_n so_o exceed_o admire_v but_o this_o show_v the_o infancy_n of_o geometry_n in_o his_o day_n in_o that_o very_a country_n which_o claim_v the_o glory_n of_o invent_v it_o to_o 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his_o other_o journey_n sir_n william_n temple_n mention_n pythagoras_n journey_n to_o delphos_n 15._o here_o by_o the_o by_o i_o must_v beg_v leave_n to_o put_v sir_n william_n temple_n in_o mind_n of_o a_o small_a mistake_n that_o he_o commit_v in_o the_o word_n delphos_n both_o here_o and_o pag._n 13._o when_o he_o speak_v of_o thales_n in_o both_o place_n he_o say_v that_o pythagoras_n and_o thales_n travel_v to_o delphos_n he_o may_v as_o well_o have_v say_v that_o they_o travel_v to_o aegyptum_fw-la and_o phoeniciam_fw-la and_o cretam_fw-la it_o shall_v be_v print_v therefore_o in_o his_o next_o edition_n to_o phoenicia_n and_o delphi_n for_o the_o english_a use_n the_o nominative_a case_n of_o old_a name_n when_o they_o express_v they_o in_o their_o mother_n tongue_n but_o set_v that_o aside_o what_o this_o make_v to_o his_o purpose_n be_v not_o easy_a to_o guess_v apollo_n priestesses_z be_v not_o famous_a for_o discover_v secret_n in_o natural_a or_o mathematical_a matter_n 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he_o write_v against_o the_o
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be_v so_o successful_a that_o in_o many_o disease_n where_o the_o nice_a remedy_n seem_v requisite_a whether_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o patient_n or_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o distemper_n be_v consider_v it_o be_v without_o fear_n make_v use_v of_o though_o its_o medicinal_a virtue_n in_o these_o case_n have_v be_v find_v out_o by_o chemical_a method_n upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o here_o be_v a_o new_a and_o gainful_a acquisition_n make_v the_o old_a galenical_a materia_fw-la medica_fw-la be_v almost_o as_o well_o know_v in_o all_o probability_n as_o ever_o it_o be_v since_o there_o be_v so_o great_a number_n of_o receipt_n preserve_v in_o the_o write_n of_o the_o old_a physician_n the_o industry_n of_o modern_a naturalist_n have_v in_o most_o at_o least_o in_o all_o material_a case_n clear_o discover_v what_o those_o individual_a remedy_n be_v which_o be_v there_o describe_v so_o that_o whatsoever_o enlargement_n be_v make_v be_v a_o clear_a 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art_n itself_o that_o in_o galen_n time_n even_o dead_a body_n be_v seldom_o open_v and_o he_o be_v often_o oblige_v passim_fw-la to_o use_v ape_n instead_o of_o man_n which_o sometime_o lead_v he_o into_o great_a mistake_v it_o may_v be_v say_v perhaps_o that_o because_o there_o be_v not_o a_o ancient_a system_n of_o anatomy_n extant_a therefore_o the_o extent_n of_o their_o knowledge_n in_o this_o particular_a can_v be_v know_v but_o the_o numerous_a anatomical_a treatise_n of_o galen_n do_v abundant_o supply_v that_o defect_n in_o his_o elaborate_a work_n of_o the_o use_v of_o the_o part_n of_o humane_a body_n he_o give_v so_o full_a a_o idea_n of_o ancient_a anatomy_n that_o if_o no_o other_o ancient_a book_n of_o anatomy_n be_v extant_a it_o alone_o will_v be_v sufficient_a for_o this_o purpose_n he_o be_v very_o large_a in_o all_o his_o write_n of_o this_o kind_a in_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o anatomist_n that_o be_v ancient_a than_o himself_o especial_o when_o they_o be_v mistake_v and_o have_v spend_v much_o time_n and_o pain_n in_o open_v body_n of_o brute_n of_o which_o he_o somewhere_o promise_v to_o write_v a_o comparative_a anatomy_n so_o that_o his_o book_n not_o only_o acquaint_v we_o with_o his_o own_o opinion_n but_o also_o with_o the_o reason_n and_o discovery_n of_o hypocrates_n aristotle_n herophilus_n and_o erasistratus_n who_o name_n be_v just_o venerable_a for_o their_o skill_n in_o these_o thing_n beside_o he_o never_o contradict_v any_o body_n without_o appeal_n to_o experience_n wherein_o though_o he_o be_v now_o and_o then_o mistake_v yet_o he_o do_v not_o write_v like_o a_o pedant_n affirm_v a_o thing_n to_o be_v true_a or_o false_a upon_o the_o credit_n of_o hypocrates_n or_o herophilus_n but_o build_v his_o argument_n upon_o nature_n as_o far_o as_o he_o know_v she_o he_o have_v a_o excellent_a understanding_n and_o a_o very_a pierce_a genius_n so_o that_o the_o false_a use_n which_o he_o very_o frequent_o assign_v to_o several_a part_n do_v
receive_v blood_n from_o the_o heart_n and_o go_v from_o it_o which_o also_o be_v the_o constant_a way_n of_o speak_v of_o galen_n and_o all_o the_o ancient_n now_o no_o man_n that_o can_v express_v himself_o proper_o will_v ever_o say_v that_o any_o liquor_n be_v carry_v away_o from_o any_o cistern_n as_o from_o a_o fountain_n or_o source_n through_o those_o canal_n which_o to_o his_o knowledge_n convey_v liquor_n to_o that_o cistern_n 4._o hypocrates_n say_v the_o blood_n be_v carry_v into_o the_o lung_n from_o the_o heart_n for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o lung_n without_o assign_v any_o other_o reason_n 10._o these_o seem_v to_o be_v positive_a argument_n that_o hypocrates_n know_v nothing_o of_o this_o matter_n and_o according_o all_o his_o commentator_n ancient_a and_o modern_a before_o dr._n harvey_n never_o interpret_v the_o former_a passage_n of_o the_o circulation_n of_o the_o blood_n neither_o will_v Ê‹ander_n linden_n in_o all_o probability_n if_o dr._n harvey_n have_v not_o help_v he_o to_o the_o notion_n which_o he_o be_v then_o resolve_v to_o find_v in_o hypocrates_n who_o he_o suppose_v not_o the_o father_n only_o but_o the_o finisher_n also_o of_o the_o whole_a medical_n art_n it_o be_v pretend_v to_o by_o none_o of_o the_o ancient_n or_o rather_o their_o admirer_n for_o they_o after_o hypocrates_n as_o for_o galen_n any_o man_n that_o read_v what_o he_o say_v of_o the_o heart_n and_o lung_n in_o the_o 6_o book_n of_o his_o de_n usu_n partium_fw-la must_v own_v that_o he_o do_v not_o discourse_n as_o if_o he_o be_v acquaint_v with_o modern_a discovery_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o pretend_v that_o he_o know_v this_o recurrent_a motion_n of_o the_o blood_n which_o also_o further_o show_v that_o if_o hypocrates_n do_v know_v it_o he_o explain_v himself_o so_o obscure_o that_o galen_n can_v not_o understand_v he_o who_o in_o all_o probability_n understand_v hippocrates_n text_n as_o well_o as_o any_o of_o his_o commentator_n who_o have_v write_v since_o the_o greek_a tongue_n and_o much_o more_o since_o the_o jonic_a dialect_n have_v cease_v to_o be_v a_o live_a language_n since_o the_o ancient_n have_v no_o right_a to_o so_o noble_a a_o discovery_n it_o may_v be_v worth_a while_n to_o inquire_v to_o who_o of_o the_o modern_n the_o glory_n of_o it_o be_v due_a for_o this_o be_v also_o exceed_o contest_v the_o first_o step_n that_o be_v make_v towards_o it_o be_v the_o find_v that_o the_o whole_a mass_n of_o the_o blood_n pass_v through_o the_o lung_n by_o the_o pulmonary_a artery_n and_o vein_n the_o first_o that_o i_o can_v ever_o find_v who_o have_v a_o distinct_a idea_n of_o this_o matter_n be_v michael_n servetus_n a_o spanish_a physician_n who_o be_v burn_v for_o arianism_n at_o geneva_n near_o 140_o year_n ago_o well_o have_v it_o be_v for_o the_o church_n of_o christ_n if_o he_o have_v whole_o confine_v himself_o to_o his_o own_o profession_n his_o sagacity_n in_o this_o particular_a before_o so_o much_o in_o the_o dark_a give_v we_o great_a reason_n to_o believe_v that_o the_o world_n may_v then_o have_v have_v just_a cause_n to_o have_v bless_v his_o memory_n restit_fw-la in_o a_o book_n of_o he_o entitle_v christianismi_fw-la restitutio_fw-la print_v in_o the_o year_n mdliii_o he_o clear_o assert_n that_o the_o blood_n pass_v through_o the_o lung_n from_o the_o left_a to_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o not_o through_o the_o partition_n which_o divide_v the_o two_o ventricles_n as_o be_v at_o that_o time_n common_o believe_v how_o he_o introduce_v it_o or_o in_o which_o of_o the_o six_o discourse_n into_o which_o servetus_n divide_v his_o book_n it_o be_v to_o be_v find_v i_o know_v not_o have_v never_o see_v the_o book_n myself_o mr._n charles_n bernard_n a_o very_a learned_a and_o eminent_a chirurgeon_n of_o london_n who_o do_v i_o the_o favour_n to_o communicate_v this_o passage_n to_o i_o set_v down_o at_o length_n in_o the_o margin_n which_o be_v transcribe_v out_o of_o servetus_n can_v inform_v i_o no_o further_o only_o that_o he_o have_v it_o from_o a_o learned_a friend_n of_o he_o who_o have_v himself_o copy_v it_o from_o servetus_n realdus_n columbus_n of_o cremona_n be_v the_o next_o that_o say_v any_o thing_n of_o it_o in_o his_o anatomy_n print_v at_o venice_n 1559._o in_o folio_n and_o at_o paris_n in_o 1572._o in_o octavo_n and_o afterward_o elsewhere_o there_o he_o assert_v the_o same_o lut._n circulation_n through_o the_o lung_n that_o servetus_n have_v do_v before_o but_o say_v that_o no_o man_n have_v ever_o take_v notice_n of_o it_o before_o he_o or_o have_v write_v any_o thing_n about_o it_o which_o show_v that_o he_o do_v not_o copy_n from_o servetus_n unless_o one_o shall_v say_v that_o he_o steal_v the_o notion_n without_o mention_v servetus_n name_n which_o be_v injurious_a since_o in_o these_o matter_n the_o same_o thing_n may_v be_v and_o very_o often_o be_v observe_v by_o several_a person_n who_o never_o acquaint_v each_o other_o with_o their_o discovery_n but_o columbus_n be_v much_o more_o particular_a 411._o for_o he_o say_v that_o the_o vein_n lodge_v the_o whole_a mass_n of_o the_o blood_n in_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la which_o carry_v it_o into_o the_o heart_n whence_o it_o can_v return_v the_o same_o way_n that_o it_o go_v from_o the_o right_a ventricle_n it_o be_v throw_v into_o the_o lung_n by_o the_o pulmonary_a artery_n where_o the_o valve_n be_v so_o place_v as_o to_o hinder_v its_o return_n that_o way_n into_o the_o heart_n and_o so_o it_o be_v throw_v into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n and_o by_o the_o aorta_fw-mi again_o when_o enliven_v by_o the_o air_n diffuse_v through_o the_o whole_a body_n some_o year_n after_o appear_v andrea_n caesalpinus_n who_o print_v his_o peripatetical_a question_n at_o venice_n in_o quarto_n in_o 1571._o and_o afterward_o with_o his_o medical_n question_n at_o the_o same_o place_n in_o 1593._o he_o be_v rather_o more_o particular_a than_o columbus_n especial_o in_o examine_v how_o artery_n and_o vein_n join_v at_o their_o extremity_n which_o he_o suppose_v to_o be_v by_o open_v their_o mouth_n into_o each_o other_o and_o he_o use_v the_o word_n circulation_n in_o his_o peripatetical_a question_n which_o have_v never_o be_v use_v in_o that_o sense_n before_o he_o also_o take_v notice_n that_o the_o blood_n swell_v below_o the_o ligature_n in_o vein_n and_o urge_v that_o in_o confirmation_n of_o his_o opinion_n at_o last_o dr._n william_n harvey_n print_v a_o discourse_n on_o purpose_n upon_o this_o subject_a at_o francfort_n in_o 1628._o this_o notion_n have_v only_o be_v occasional_o and_o slight_o treat_v of_o by_o columbus_n and_o caesalpinus_n who_o themselves_o in_o all_o probability_n do_v not_o know_v the_o consequence_n of_o what_o they_o assert_v and_o therefore_o it_o be_v never_o apply_v to_o other_o purpose_n either_o to_o show_v the_o use_v of_o the_o other_o viscera_n or_o to_o explain_v the_o nature_n of_o disease_n neither_o for_o any_o thing_n that_o appear_v at_o this_o day_n have_v they_o make_v any_o number_n of_o experiment_n which_o be_v necessary_a to_o explain_v their_o doctrine_n and_o to_o clear_v it_o from_o opposition_n all_o this_o dr._n harvey_n undertake_v to_o do_v and_o with_o indefatigable_a pain_n trace_v the_o visible_a vein_n and_o artery_n throughout_o the_o body_n in_o their_o whole_a journey_n from_o and_o to_o the_o heart_n so_o as_o to_o demonstrate_v even_o to_o the_o most_o incredulous_a not_o only_o that_o the_o blood_n circulate_v through_o the_o lung_n and_o heart_n but_o the_o very_a manner_n how_o and_o the_o time_n in_o which_o that_o great_a work_n be_v perform_v when_o he_o have_v once_o prove_v that_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o blood_n be_v so_o rapid_a as_o we_o now_o find_v it_o be_v than_o he_o draw_v such_o consequence_n from_o it_o as_o show_v that_o he_o thorough_o understand_v his_o argument_n and_o will_v leave_v little_a at_o least_o as_o little_a as_o he_o can_v to_o future_a industry_n to_o discover_v in_o that_o particular_a part_n of_o anatomy_n this_o give_v he_o a_o just_a title_n to_o the_o honour_n of_o so_o noble_a a_o discovery_n since_o what_o his_o predecessor_n have_v say_v before_o he_o be_v not_o enough_o understand_v to_o form_v just_a notion_n from_o their_o word_n one_o may_v also_o observe_v how_o gradual_o this_o discovery_n as_o all_o abstruse_a truth_n of_o humane_a disquisition_n be_v explain_v to_o the_o world_n hypocrates_n first_o talk_v of_o the_o usual_a motion_n of_o the_o blood_n plato_n say_v that_o the_o heart_n be_v the_o original_a of_o the_o vein_n and_o of_o the_o blood_n that_o be_v carry_v about_o every_o member_n of_o the_o body_n aristotle_n also_o somewhere_o speak_v of_o a_o recurrent_a motion_n of_o the_o blood_n still_o all_o this_o be_v only_o opinion_n and_o belief_n it_o
harvey_n time_n not_o one_o of_o these_o discovery_n have_v ever_o show_v a_o single_a instance_n of_o any_o artery_n go_v to_o or_o of_o any_o vein_n come_v from_o the_o heart_n ligature_n have_v be_v make_v of_o infinite_a number_n of_o vessel_n and_o the_o course_n of_o all_o the_o animal_n juice_n in_o all_o manner_n of_o live_a creature_n have_v thereby_o be_v make_v visible_a to_o the_o naked_a eye_n and_o yet_o not_o one_o of_o these_o have_v ever_o weaken_v dr._n harvey_n doctrine_n the_o pleasure_n of_o destroy_v in_o matter_n of_o this_o kind_a be_v not_o much_o less_o than_o the_o pleasure_n of_o building_n and_o therefore_o when_o we_o see_v that_o those_o book_n which_o have_v be_v write_v against_o some_o of_o the_o eminent_a of_o these_o discovery_n though_o but_o a_o few_o year_n ago_o comparative_o speak_v be_v so_o far_o dead_a that_o it_o be_v already_o become_v a_o piece_n of_o learn_v even_o to_o know_v their_o title_n we_o have_v sufficient_a assurance_n that_o these_o discoverer_n who_o write_n outlive_v opposition_n neither_o deceive_v themselves_o nor_o other_o so_o that_o whatsoever_o it_o may_v be_v former_o yet_o in_o this_o age_n general_a consent_n in_o physiological_a matter_n especial_o after_o a_o long_a canvas_n of_o the_o thing_n consent_v to_o be_v a_o almost_o infallible_a sign_n of_o truth_n 3._o the_o more_o way_n be_v make_v use_n of_o to_o arrive_v at_o any_o one_o particular_a part_n of_o knowledge_n the_o sure_a that_o knowledge_n be_v when_o it_o appear_v that_o these_o different_a method_n lend_v help_v each_o to_o other_o if_o malpighius_n or_o leeuwenhoek_n glass_n have_v make_v such_o discovery_n as_o man_n reason_n can_v not_o have_v agree_v to_o if_o object_n have_v appear_v confuse_v and_o disorderly_a in_o their_o microscope_n if_o their_o observation_n have_v contradict_v what_o the_o naked_a eye_n reveal_v than_o their_o verdict_n have_v be_v little_a worth_n but_o when_o the_o discovery_n make_v by_o the_o 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