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A48433 An handfull of gleanings out of the Book of Exodus probable solution of some of the mainest scruples, and explanation of the hardest places of that Booke ... / by John Lightfoot ... Lightfoot, John, 1602-1675. 1643 (1643) Wing L2055; ESTC R21590 43,133 64

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him not when he came amongst them SECT. XXVIII The Covenant made with Israel They not sworne by it to the ten Commandements Exod. 24. VVHen Israel cannot indure to heare the ten Commandements given it was ready to conclude that they could much lesse keepe them Therefore God giveth Moses privately fifty seven precepts besides namely Ceremoniall and Judiciall to all which the people are the next morning after the giving of the ten Commandements sworne and entered into Covenant and these made them a Ceremoniall and singular people About which these things are observable 1. That they entred into Covenant to a written Law Chap. 24. 4. And Moses wrote all the words of the Lord c. Against tradions 2. That here was a booke written forty dayes before the writing of the two tables Against them that hold that the first letters that were seene in the world were the writing of God in those Tables And we have seene before also two pieces of writing before this of Moses viz. the 88. and 89. Psalmes And of equall antiquity with them or not much lesse was the penning of the booke of Iob most probably written by Elibu one of the Speakers in it as may be conjectured from Chap. 32. 15 16 17. and some other probabilitie 3. That this first Covenant was made with water and blood and figurative language For the twelve pillars that represented the people are called the people Exod. 24. 4. 8. As the words in the second Covenant this my body are to bee understood in such another sense 4. That the ten Commandements were not written in the book of that Covenant but onely those 57. precepts mentioned before For 1. The Lord giveth the other precepts because the people could not receive the ten for could they have received and observed those as they ought they must never have had any parcell of a Law more as if Adam had kept the Morall Law he had never needed to have heard of the promise and so if we could but receive the same Law as we should we had never needed the Gospell Now it is most unlike that since God gave them those other commands because they could not receive the ten that hee would mingle the ten and them together in the Covenant 2. It is not imaginable that God would ever cause a people to sweare to the performance of a Law which they could not indure so much as to heare 3. The ten Commandements needed not to be read by Moses to the people seeing they had all heard them from the mouth of the Lord but the day before 4. Had they beene written and laid up in this booke what necessitie had there beene of their writing and laying up in the Tables of stone 5. Had Moses read the ten Commandements in the beginning of his booke why should he repeate some of them againe at the latter end as Exod. 23. 12. Let such ruminate upon this which hold and maintaine that the Sabbath as it standeth in the fourth Commandement is only the Jewish Sabbath and consequently Ceremouiall And let those good men that have stood for the day of the Lord against the other consider whether they have not lost ground in granting that the fourth Commandement instituted the Jewish Sabbath For First The Jewes were not sworne to the Decalogue at all and so not the Sabbath as it standeth there but onely to the fifty seven precepts written in Moses his booke and to the Sabbath as it was there Exod. 23. 12. Secondly The end of the Ceremoniall Sabbath of the Jewes was in remembrance of their delivery out of Aegypt Deut. 5. 15. but the morall Sabbath of the two Tables is in commemoration of Gods resting from the workes of the Creation Exod. 20. 10. 11. SECT. XXIX The punishment of Israel for the golden Calse Exod. 32. ISRAEL cannot be so long without Moses as Moses can be without meate The fire still burneth on the top of mount Sinai out of which they had so lately received the Law and yet so suddainely doe they breake the greatest Commandement of that Law to extremity of Aegyptian Jewels they make an Aegyptian Idol because thinking Moses had beene lost they intended to returne for Aegypt Grievous was the sinne for which they must looke for grievous punishment which lighted upon them in divers kinds First the Cloud of Glory their divine conductor departeth from the campe which was now become prophane and uncleane Secondly the Tables Moses breaketh before their face as shewing them most unworthy of the Covenant Thirdly The building of the Tabernacle the evidence that God would dwell among them is adjourned and put off for now they had made themselves unworthy Fourthly for this sinne God gave them up to worship all the host of heaven Act. 7. 42. Fifthly Moses bruiseth the Cal●e to Powder and straweth it upon the waters and maketh the People drinke Here spirituall fornication commeth under the same tryall that carnall did Num. 5. 24. These that were guilty of this Idolatry the water thus dr●nke made their belly to swell and to give a visible signe and token of their guilt then setteth Moses the Levites to slay every one whose bellies they found thus swelled which thing they did with that zeale and sincerity that they spared neither Father nor Brother of their owne if they found him guilty In this slaughter there fell about three thousand these were ring-leaders and chiefe agents in this abomination and therefore made thus exemplary in their punishment upon the rest of the People the Lord sent a Plague vers. 35. A●ron had first felt the smart in this destruction had his action in this businesse beene as voluntary as was theirs but what hee did hee did in feare of his life SECT. XXX That Moses fasted three Fasts of forty dayes apeece IT is a doubt of no small import Why seeing it pleased God to appoint the Feast of expiation the solemne Feast of Humiliation in that moneth of the yeare in which sinne entred into the World why he also did not appoint it upon the same day in which sinne entred viz. the sixth day of the moneth but on the tenth The reason of this is to be found out by observing Moses his Fasts in the mount and the conclusion of the last of them That he fasted thrice forty dayes is not so frequently observed as it easily may be concluded from his owne words The first Fast in Exod. 24. 18. And Moses was in the mountaine forty dayes and forty nights At the end of these dayes they made the golden Calfe The second Fast Exod. 32. 30 31. It came to passe on the morrow that Moses said unto the People Ye have sinned a great sin●e and now I will goe up into the mount c. and Moses returned unto the Lord c. which he explaineth Deut. 9. 18. I fell down● before the Lord as at the first forty dayes and forty nights c. The third Fast when he goeth
AN HANDFVLL OF GLEANINGS out of the BOOK OF EXODUS Probable solution of some of the mainest scruples and explanation of the hardest places of that BOOKE Scarcely given by any heretofore By JOHN LIGHTFOOT Staffordiensis Minister of the Gospel at St. Bartholmew Exchange London LONDON Printed by R. Cotes for Andrew Crooke and are to be sold at his shop at the signe of the Greene Dragon in Pauls Church-yard 1643. TO My Deare Loving and deservedly esteemed Friends the Inhabitants of Bartholmew Exchange LONDON Truth and Peace Grace and Glory I Must ever mention both in private to God and in publike to the world the love and favour which J have received from your Congregation how when J was unknowne ye owned me when a stranger ye tooke me in when exiled from mine owne ye made me yours and that not onely with extraordinary readinesse when we first did meet but with constant and continued tendernesse since our meeting I shall ever strive to the utmost of my desires and indevours to make acknowledgement of such receipts and what J shall faile of in those to make them up in prayers and thankes This present mite that is tendered to you accept as pledge and earnes● of all these the value of it is as small as the volume but what it wants of worth and Learning conceive to be supplyed with observance and gratitude The multitude of Expositions upon this Booke of Exodus hath made this of mine so very little for to set downe what they had done before were an idle labour and to finde out something that they had not set downe was a labour as difficult what I have done here in this kinde J referre to the Reader although J my selfe be setled and satisfyed in the most of them yet shall J not put them upon the beleefe of any further than their due examination and strength of reason shall make their way From my House in the upper end of Moore-Lane Novemb. 28. 1643. Yours ever ready to observe and serve you in the Lord J. L. AN HANDFVLL OF GLEANINGS out of the BOOK OF EXODUS SECT. I. Israel afflicted in Aegypt about 120. yeares FROM the giving of the promise to Abraham Gen. 12. to the deliverance out of Aegypt and the giving of the Law were 430 yeares Exod. 12. 40. Gal. ● 17. This summe of yeares divided it selfe into two equall parts for halfe of it was spent before their going into Aegypt and halfe of it in their being there Two hundred and fifteene yeares were taken up before they went into Aegypt thus From the promise given to Abraham to the birth of Isaac five and twenty yeares compare Gen. 12. 4. with Gen. 21. 5. From the birth of Is●ac to the birth of Jacob three●core Gen. 25. 26. from thence to their going downe into Aegypt a hundred and thirty Gen. 27. 9. The other two hundred and fifteene yeares they spent in Aegypt namely ninety foure before the death of Levi the longe●liver of all the twelve Tribes and a hundred twenty one betwixt his death and their deliverance For Levi and Joseph were both borne in the seven yeares of Jacobs second apprentiship Gen. 29 30. Levi in the fourth and Joseph in the seventh so that there were three yeares betweene them Now Joseph when his Father and brethre● came downe into Aegypt was nine and thirty yeares old Compare Gen. 41. 46. 51. and 45. 6. And then was Levi forty three And Levi lived an hundred thirty and seven yeares Exod● 6. 16. out of which those forty three being deducted which he had spent before their comming downe into Aegypt it appeareth they were in Aegypt ninety foure yeares before his death And those ninety foure being deducted out of the two hundred and fifteene which they spent in that land it appeareth also that a hundred twenty one yeares passed betwix● his death and their delivery and till his death they felt no ●ffliction Ex●d. 1. 6 7 8. SECT. II. The 88. 89. Psalmes penned in the time of this affliction THese two Psalmes are the oldest peeces of writing that the World hath to shew for they were penned many yeeres before the birth of Moses by two men that felt and groaned under this bondage and affliction of Aegypt Heman and Ethan two Sonnes of Zerah 1 Chron. 2. 6. In Psalme 88. Heman deploreth the distresse and misery of Israel in Egypt in most passionate measures and therefore titles his Elegie Gnal Mahalath Leannoth concerning sicknesse by affliction and accordingly he and his brethren are called the Sonnes of Mahol 1 King 4. 31. In Psal. 89. Ethan from the promise Gen. 15. sings joyfully their deliverance that the raging of the Red Sea should be ruled vers. 9. and Rahab or Aegypt should be broken in pieces vers. 10. and that the people should heare the joyfull sound of the Law vers. 15. Object But David is named frequently in the Psalme who was not borne of many hundreds of yeeres after Ethan was dead Answ. 1. This might be done Proplietically as Samuel is thought to be named by Mosos Psal. 99. 6. for thae Psalme according to a rule of the Hebrews is h●ld to have beene made by him 2. It will be found in Scripture that when some holy men indued with the Spirit of God have left pieces of writings behind them indited by the Spirit others that have lived in after times indued with the same gift of Prophecy have taken those ancient pieces in hand and have flourished upon them ●s present past or future occasions did require To this purpose compare Psal. 18. 1 Sam. 22. Obadiah Jer. 49. 14. 1 Chron. 16. Psal. 96. 105. 2 Pet. 2. and the Epistle of Saint Jude So this piece of Ethan being of incomparable antiquity and singing of the delivery from Aegypt in after times that it might be made fit to be sung in the Temple it is taken in hand by some divine Pen-man and that ground worke of his is wrought upon and his Song set to an higher key namely that whereas he treated onely of the bodily deliverance from Aegypt it is wound up so high as to reach the Spirituall delivery by Christ and therefore David is so often named from whence he should come SECT. III. The words of the Hebrew Midwives not a●lye but a glorious consession of their faith THEY were Hebrew Midwives but Aegyptian Women For Pharaoh that in an ungodly Councell had devised and concluded upon all wayes whereby to keepe the Israelites under would not in such a designe as this use Israelitish women who he knew were parties in the cause against him but he intrusteth it with women of his owne Nation They are named for their honour as Mark 14. 9. that wheresoever the Gospel or the Doctrine of Salvation should be Preached this faith and fact of theirs should be published in memoriall of them The Midwives said unto Pharaoh Because the Hebrew women are not as the Aegyptian