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A31214 Of the mensuration of running waters an excellent piece written in Italian by Don Benedetto Castelli ... ; Englished from the third and best edition ; with the addition of a second book not before extant / by Thomas Salusbury.; Della misura dell'acque correnti. English Castelli, Benedetto, 1577 or 8-1643.; Salusbury, Thomas. Mathematical collections. 1661 (1661) Wing C1222; ESTC R19153 102,705 134

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OF THE MENSURATION OF RUNNING WATERS An Excellent Piece Written in ITALIAN BY DON BENEDETTO CASTELLI Abbot of St. BENEDETTO ALOYSIO and Professour of the Mathematicks to Pope URBAN VIII in ROME Englished from the Third and best Edition with the addition of a Second Book not before extant By THOMAS SALUSBURY LONDON Printed by WILLIAM LEYBOURN 1661. THE AUTHOURS EPISTLE TO Pope VRBAN VIII I Lay at the Feet of your Holinesse these my Considerations concerning the MENSURATION OF RUNNING WATERS Wherein if I shall have succeeded being a matter so difficult and unhandled by Writers both Ancient Modern the discovery of any thing of truth hath been the Effect of Your Holinesses Command and if through inability I have missed the Mark the same Command will serve me for an Excuse with Men of better Judgment and more especially with Your Holinesse to whom I humbly prostrate my self and kisse Your Sacred Feet From ROME Your Holinesses Most humble Servant BENEDETTO A Monk of Cassino AN ACCOUNT OF THE Authour and Work DON BENEDETTO CASTELLI the famous Authour of these ensuing Discourses of the Mensuration of Running Waters is descended from the Worshipful FAMILY of the CASTELLII and took his first breath near to the lake THRASIMENVS where Hanibal gave a fatal overthrow to the Roman Legions in that sweet and fertile part of happy ITALY called the Territory of PERUGIA a branch of the Dukedome of TUSCANY which at present submitteth to the Jurisdiction of the Church as being a part of St. PETER'S Patrimony His Parents who were more zealous of the good of his Soul than observant of the Propension of his Genius dedicated him according to the Devotion of that Country to the Service of the Church and entered him into the Flourishing Order of Black-Friers called from the place Moncks of Monte Casino and from the Founder Benedictines Nature that She might consummate the Profusion of her Favours upon him sent him into the World in an Age that was so ennobled and illuminated with Eminent Scholars in all Kinds of Literature that hardly any Century since the Creation can boast the like § In particular the SCIENCES MATHEMATICAL had then got that Fame and Esteem in the Learned World that all men of Spirit or Quality became either Students in or Patrons of those Sublime Knowledges On this occasion the Curiosity of our AUTHOUR being awakened his Active Wit could not endure to be any longer confined to the Slavish Tuition of Hermetical Pedagogues but in concurrence with the Genius of the Age he also betook himself to those most Generous and Liberal Studies His helps in this his design were so many and so extraordinary that had his Inclination been weaker or his Apprehension lesser he could hardly have failed attaining more than a Common Eminency in these Sciences For besides the Deluge of Learned and Vseful Books which the Presse at that time sent forth from all parts of EUROPE he had the good Fortune to fall into the Acquaintance and under the Instruction of the most Demonstrative and most Familiar Man in the World the Famous GALILEO whose successe being no lesse upon this his Pupil than upon the rest of those Illustrious and Ingenious Persons that resorted from all parts to sit under his Admirable Lectures he in a short time attained to that Name in the Mathematicks that he was invited to ROME Complemented and Preferred by his then Holinesse the Eighth URBAN upon his very first Accession to the Papacy which was in the Year 1623. § This Pope being moved with a Paternal Providence for the Concerns of his Subjects in that part of ITALY about BOLOGNA FERRARA and COMMACHIO lying between the Rivers of PO and RENO which is part of Lo Stato della Chiesa or the Church Patrimony appoints this our CASTELLI in the Year 1625 to accompany the Right Honourable Monsignore CORSINI a most observant and intelligent person in these affaires and at that time Superintendent of the General Draines and President of ROMAGNA in the Grand Visitation which he was then ordered to make concerning the disorders occasioned by the Waters of those parts § CASTELLI having now an Opportunity to employ yea more to improve such Notions as he had imbued from the Lectures of his Excellent MASTER falls to his work with all industry and in the time that his Occasions detained him in ROMAGNA he perfected the First Book of this his Discourse concerning the Mensuration of Running Waters He confesseth that he had some years before applyed himself to this part of Practical Geometry and from several Observations collected part of that Doctrine which at this time he put into Method and which had procured him the Repute of so much Skill that he began to be Courted by sundry Princes and great Prelates In particular about the beginning of the Year 1623. and before his Invitation to ROME he was employed by Prince Ferdinando I Grand Duke of TUSCANY to remedy the Disorders which at that time happened in the Valley of PISA in the Meadows that lye upon the Banks of Serchio and Fiume Morto and in the presence of the Grand Duke Grand Dutchesse Mother the Commissioners of Sewers and sundry other Persons in a few hours he made so great a progresse in that affair as gave his Most Serene Highnesse high satisfaction and gained himself much Honour § No sooner had he in his fore-mentioned Voiage to ROMAGNA which was but few Moneths after in the same Year committed his Conceptions to paper but he communicated them to certain of his Friends In which number we finde Signore Ciampoli Secretary of the Popes Private Affaires whom in the beginning of the First Book he gratefully acknowledgeth to have been contributary in his Purse towards defraying the charge of Experiments and in his Person towards the debating and ●●●pleating of Arguments upon this Subject Some few years after the importunity of Friends and the Zeal he had for the Publique Good prevailed with him to present the World with his First Discourse accompanied with a Treatise of the Geometrical Demonstrations of his whole Doctrine What Reception it found with the Judicious must needs be imagined by any one that hath observed how Novelty and Facility in conjunction with Verity make a Charm of irresistable Operation § New it was for that no man before him had ever attempted to Demonstrate all the three Dimensions to wit the Length Breadth and Profundity of this Fluid and Current Element And he detecteth such grosse Errours in those few that had untertook to write upon the Subject of which he instanceth in Frontinus and Fontana as those that include the rest and delivereth such singular and unheard-of Paradoxes for so they sound in Vulgar Eares as cannot but procure unspeakable delight to his Reader § Easie it is likewise and True and that upon so Familiar Experiments and Manifest Demonstrations that I have oft questioned with my self which merited the greater wonder he for discovering or all men that handled the