himself most abstinent and uncorrupt for of all that wealth those goods and ornaments wherewith Corinth was mightily enriched there came not one parcell into his house Quintus Caecilius Metellus triumphed for the conquest of Andriscus and Publius Cornelius Scipio Affricanus Aemylianus likewise over Carthage and Asdruball Viriatus in Spaine first of an heardman became an hunter and of a hunter prooved to bee a very theefe and robber and within a while after was chosen Generall of a complete and maine armie and seized to his owne use all Portugall He took prisoner M. Vitilius the Pretor when he had first discomfited his hoast in the field After whom C. Plautius the Pretour sped no better in fight This enemie so terrified the Romanes that to make head against him they found it necessarie to employ a full consular armie and a Consull commander Moreover in this booke be recorded the troubles of Syria and the warres between the kings Alexander an obscure person and base borne having staine as is beforesaid Demetrius the king reigned in Syria Him Demetrius the son of Demetrius slew by the help of Ptolomaeus king of Aegypt whose daughter Cleopatra he had espoused and married This Demetrius in times past had bene sent out of the way into Gnidos by his father fearing the doubtfull chaunces of the war and he entred upon this action by occasion of the contemptible sloth and cowardise of the said Alexander Ptolomeus was grievously wounded in the head and in the cure whiles the Chirurgians went about to trypanize the bones of his skull died under their hand And in his stead Ptolomeus his younger brother who reigned in Cyrenae succeeded and tooke upon him the crowne Demetrius for his crueltie which he exercised upon his people by racking and other torments was vanquished in battaile by Diodorus one of his owne subjects who made claime to the kingdome in the right and title of Alexanders sonne a young child hardly two yeeres old whereupon he fled to Seleucia Lucius Mummius triumphed over the Achaeans in which solemnitie he carried in pompeous shew sundrie images as well of brasse as marble besides pictures and peinted tables Of the LIII booke APpius Claudius the Consull subdued the Salassians a nation inhabiting the Alpes A second Mock-Philip there was in Macedonie who by L. Tremellius the treasurer was with his army defeated and slaine Q. Cecilius Metellus the Pro-consul gave the Celtiberians an overthrow The most part of Portugal was regained by Q. Fabius the Pro consull and many cities therof by assault forced C. Iulius a Senator by calling wrate the Romane historie in the Greeke tongue Of the L IIII. booke QVintus Pompeius the Consull subdued the Termeslines in Spaine with whome verily as also with the Numantines by occasion of his infirmitie and sicklinesse he concluded peace Are-view and numbring of the citizens was taken by the Censors wherein were enrolled foure hundred twentie eight thousand three hundred fortie two polls At what time as the Macedonian embassadours came to complaine of D. Iunius Syllanus the lord deputie over them for that hee tooke their money and neverthelesse made an havocke of the province and thereupon the Senate was willing to have the hearing of their complaints T Manlius Torquatus the father of Syllanus exhibited a request and obtained that the inquirie and decision of such a matter as this might bee referred over and committed unto him And after he had sitten upon this commission at home in his own house and found his sonne guiltie he both condemned him and put him away nay when afterwards as hee had hanged himselfe for that was his end he would not be so much as present at his funerall but according to his ordinarie manner and custome sat in his house attending all clients and commers to him for counsell Q. Fabius the Proconsull after he had managed the warres in Spain right prosperously marred all with this foule blot and spot of dishonour in that he contracted a peace with Viriatus upon even and equal conditions This Viriatus by a practise complotted by Servilius Caepio was trecherously murdered by traitors and of his own armie was much bewailed At his death he was rung out of this world with a notable peale of farewell and right honorably enterred an excellent man and most brave captaine for the space of thirteene yeeres during which time he warred with the Romanes and ever for the most part went away with the winning hand Of the LV. booke VVHiles P. Cornelius Nasica who by way of mockerie was surnamed Serapio by scoffing Curatius a Tribune of the Commons D. Iunius Brutus the Consul took the musters there happened in the very sight of the new and raw souldior an occurrent of great consequence for example sake exceeding profitable For C. Matienus was iudicially accused before the Tribunes of the Commons for that he had abandoned and forsaken his owne armie in Spaine whereupon he being convict was condemned and scourged a long while with rods carrying a forke or crosse upon his shoulders and in the end sold as a slave for a small peece of silver of three halfepence farthing cue The Tribunes of the Commons because they might be allowed to exempt from militarie service tenne souldiors apeece whom it pleased them to chuse commaunded the Consuls to prison Iun. Brutus the Consul whiles he was in Spaine endued those soldiors who had served under Viriatus with land and living and gave them a towne to inhabit called Valentia M. Popilius together with his armie was soiled and put to the rout by the Numantines with whom the peace that was concluded the Senate had passed an act that it should not stand in force The occasion was this As C. Mancinus the Consull was devoutly sacrificing the sacred chickens chaunced to flie away out of their cage or coupe Afterwards as he was about to take sea and goe a shipboord for to passe over into Spain there happened a voice to be heard saying Stay Stay Mancinus These proved in the effect to be unfortunate and heavie presages unto Mancinus for he received an overthrow at the Numantines hands and was turned cleane out of his camp And seeing no-hope els to save his armie he entred into a dishonorable peace with them but the Senat expresly revoked and annulled the same 30000 Romans were defeited by 4000 Numantines no more D. Iunius made a generall conquest of all Portugall even as far as to the Ocean by forcing and sacking their citties and strong townes and when his soldiors were loth to passe over the river Oblivio hee caught up a banner from the port-ensigne and carried it over with him and by this means persuaded them to go through Alexanders son king of Syria a child not above ten yeers old at the most was trecherously murdered by Diodorus his guardian or protector surnamed Tryphon There were physicians by corruption bribed suborned to give it out and beare
outrage of the two Gracchi Saturninus and Drusus Triburies of the Commons put out of joynt and troubled untill such time as their power and authoritie was by Sylla rent in twain the Commons disseized of their lands and killed then the administration of the common-weale was restored againe to the Nobles and principall persons of the citie But at length when it was oppressed againe by the civill warre of Pompey and Caesar the soveraigne rule of the State was devolved upon the empire of Caesar alone wherein being first shaken a few yeeres before through the wicked insolencie and lust of the three Triumvirs it continued untill the time that it fell to utter ruine Wee therefore will briefely goe through all these sorts of government in that successive order as they followed one after another and first begin with the KK 37 Romulus the first K. of the Romans reigned 37 yeeres ROMULUS the founder of the citie reigned 37 yeeres for so many Livie assigneth unto him Likewise Dionysius in the first booke which hee repeateth also in the second and Piutarch in Numa dissenteth not from them howsoever in Romulus hee writeth that hee departed this world in the 37 yeere of his age Solinus in like manner rehearsing his worthie actes attributeth unto his reigne 37 yeeres Onely Eutropius 1. booke 4. chap. alloweth unto him 39 yeeres but Cuspinian thinketh verie well that the copie is corrupt This prince having reigned according to the more common received opinion of authors seven and thirtie yeeres in which time he laid the first ground-worke of the Roman Empire with excellent lawes and ordinances and established both civile also militarie discipline departed this life upon the Nones of Julie which day was called afterwards Nonae Caprotinae by occasion that he in mustering and reviewing his armie at the lake of Caprae was conveighed out of mens sight whereupon the people fled as amased at the suddaine death of their king as Plutarch and Dionysius doe witnesse This Romulus after his deification was named Quirinus of which surname Ovid in his Kalender giveth these reasons Sive quod hasta quiris Priscis est dicta Sabinis Bellicus a telo venit in astra Deus Sive suo regi nomen posuere Quirites Seu quia Romanes iunxerat ille Cures A spear old Sabins Quiris cald which Romulus us'd in fight This martiall man a god became so Quirinus hight Quirites eke his subjects hege their K. this name might give Or els the Curets who he broght with Romans for to live That hee was base borne and could not avouch his owne father beside other writers Plutarch especially affirmeth in his Theseus Howbeit the old opinion went currant that he was by Mars begotten in stealth of a vestal virgin Ilia Rhea or Sylvia for so many names ther goe of her and that first he was called Romus of Ruma which signifieth a teat or pap and afterwards by way of flatterie Romulus 1 Interregents FOr one yeere after the death of Romulus the nobles fell to variance and strove who should be king but by reason that no one person excelled above the rest in that state so newly founded there grew severall factions and debates in their head-corporations They who wer descended from the Sabines because after the death of Tatius none of them raigned with Romulus in equall societie were desirous to have a king created out of their bodie because they would not forgoe their hold and possession in the Empire But the old Romanes could not away with a straunger-king Howbeit as different as they were in affections al were willing to set up a king as having not tasted yet the sweetnesse of libertie The Peeres moreover mightily seared by reason that the neighbour States bordering round about were provoked against thâ—m least some forraine force might assaile their cittie left thus without soveraigne government and the armie without a leader Whereupon the two hundred nobles agreed among themselves to enter into an association of rule and made ten Decuries and in every Decurie created one to have the sovereigntie over the rest These Senatours were then too in number as Livie saith and according to Plutarch a hundred fiftie But Dionysius writeth that there were two hundred of the Sabines and as many Romanes After this they cast lots and their Decurie unto whom the lotterie first fell ruled the cittie howbeit not all of them at once but one alone had the regall ornaments and the lictours going before him Five daies hee governed and no longer and so by this order in course the nobles of every Decurie governed the citie fiftie daies For after five daies determined hee whose lot was first to governe in that Decurie delivered up unto the second the imperiall dignitie together with the ensignes thereof and hee againe when his five daies were expired unto a third and so to the tenth Thus when these tenne first Interregents had passed one 50 daies a second Decurie of Senatours in like manner ruled the citie other 50 daies and thus they went round through all untill they had fulfilled a yeeres space in this regencie This government was of the thing it selfe called Interregnum which name it still retained afterwards and the men likewise were named Interreges In this yeare therefore was the magistracie of Interregents first devised among the Romanes And not onely after the death of Romulus the State was ruled by Interregencie but also after the decease of Numa Tullius Ancus kings In like manner during the time of the free State Commonweale after the time of yeerely magistrates expired the said governement tooke place very often before the creation of new for they held the assembly for elections wherin new governours were by the people created Now the office and charge of this Interregent was during the time of his regencie which ordinarily passed not five daies to execute all those functions in the citie which belonged either to KK or Consuls namely to minister justice to rule the Commonweale to hold a Senate and there to propound the affairs of State lastly to summon the generall assembly for chusing new magistrates As touching the beginning of Interregents Dionysius in his second booke Livie in his first Plutarch in Numa Sext. Ruffus Eusebius other old writers have written at large 43 Numa Pompilius the second K. raigned 43 yeares ONe yeere of Interregencie being thus accomplished the people of Rome thought this a greevous and heavie manner of government and the Commons grumbled that their servitude was many-fold more than before as having two hundred lords over them in steed of one Which when the Senatours perceived they agreed at last upon this point That the old Senatours should create a king whome they would so hee were not one of their owne bodie and degree Wherupon Numa Pompilius for that in justice wisdome he excelled all other was called out of Cures a cittie of the Sabines to bee
presented himself in the court among the Senators where his opinion caried the matter cleare away and Pyrrhus his demaund was flatly denied P. Domitius the first Censor of Commoners held a Lustrum or survey of the citie in which were found 278222 Roman citizens by the pol. A second field wâ—s fought against Pyrrhus but with doubtfull event and yssue With the Carthaginians the alliance was renewed now the fourth time When a certaine fugitive traitour that ran from Pyrrhus offred to C. Fabricius the Consul for to poison the K. he was sent backe againe and the treason was discovered to the king Over besides this booke conteineth the prosperous affaires in warre against the Tuscans Lucenians Brutians and Samnites The Breviarie of L. Florus upon the fourteenth Booke PYrrhus passed the seas into Sicilie When among other prodigies and fearefull tokens the image of Iupiter in the Capitoll was overt browne and smitten downe with lightning the head therof was recovered found again by the soothsaiers Curius Dentatus as he was taking musters sold in port-sale the goods of one that would not answere to his name when he was called He defaited Pyrrhus after his return again out of Sicily into Italy forced him to void depart once for all Fabricius a Censor cassed and displaced out of his Senatours rowme P. Cornelius Rufinus one that had been Consul for that he had in silver plate to the waight of ten pounds There was a Lustrum holden by the Censours and therein were found 271224 citizens A societie and alliance was contracted with Ptolomee K. of Aegypt Sextilia a prosessed vestall Nun was convicted of uncleannesse and fornication buried quick Two new Colonies were erected to wit Posidonia and Consa A fleet of Carthaginians arrived to aid the Mamertines by occasion whereof the league was broken This booke compriseth also the happie exploits against the Lucanians Samnites and Brutians together with the death of king Pyrrhus The Breviarie of L. Florus to the fiveteenth Booke THe Tarentines being vanquished had both peace graunted liberty also restored unto them The souldiours of the Campaine legion aforesaid which had possessed themselves of Rhegium were besieged and after they had absolutely yeelded were every one made shorter by the head Certain lustie youths of Rome who had misused beaten the embassadors of the Apollionats sent unto the Senat were delivered unto their bands to be used according to their discretion The Picentes were overcome in battaile and obtained peace Two Colonels were sent the one to Artminuâ— within the marches of Picenam i. Ancona the other to Beneventum in Samnium Now and never before began the Romanes to use silver coine for their moâ—ie The Vâ—brians and Sallentines were vanguished and their submission of obedience received The number of the Questors was augmented to be eight The Breviarie of L. Florus to the sixteenth Booke THE first rising of the Carthaginians with the beginning of their citie are in this booke related Against whom together with Hiero King of the Syracusians the Senat of Rome ordâ—ned to send aid unto the Mamertines and after much arguing and debate about this point whiles some persuaded others againe dissuaded the gentlemen of Rome who served on borsebacke then first crossed the seas and bare themselves bravely in many battailes to good purpose against Hiero who at length craved peace and bad it graunted The Censors held a Lustrum and numbred the people and enrolled 372224 citizens of Rome into the subsidie booke D. Iunius Brutus was the first that ever represented combates of swordsensors at the sharpe to the â—tterance in the honour of his father late deceased One Colonie was planted at Aesernia This booke comprehendeth besides the good successe of the affaires against the Carthaginians and the Vulscinians The Breviarie of L. Florus for the seventeenth Booke CNeus Cornelius the consul being surprised environed with a fleet of Carthaginians and under colour of a parle trained forth and called unto them was villanously taken prisoner and kept still with them Cn. Duillius the Consull fought with happie successe against this their foresaid flees and was the first Romane captaine that rode in triumph for a navale victorie at sea In regard wherof this honour for ever after was done unto him That when he supped forth in any place of the cittie as he returned home to his owne house the waits should found the haâ—boies all the way and a man go before him with a burning torch L. Cornelius the Consullwoon a field in Sardinia against the Ilanders together with the Corsians Hanno the General of the Carthaginians Attilius Calatinus the Consull having unadvisedly engaged his armie within a place of great disadvantage whereas the Carthaginians lay round about in ambush retired and escaped by the valour and industrious meanes of M. Calpurnius a Colonell who with aregiment of 300 foot venterously salted out and turned all the forces of the enemies upon himselfe One Anniball a Carthaginian Commannder upon the deseature of the Armads whereof he was Admirall was by his owne soldiors trussed up and crucified Attilius Regulus the Consull having in battaile at sea vanquished the Carthaginians sailed over into Affricke The Breviarie of L. Florus upon the eighteenth Booke ATtilius Regulus the Consul slew in Affricke a serpent of a mightie and wonderfull bignesse but with the exceeding losse of his soldiors And after many encounters and battailes with the Carthaginians when the Senat by reason of his so happy conduct management of the wars sent no other to succeed him he dispatched his letters unto them and complained therof and among other pregnant reasons that he alleadged for to have a successor to come unto him this was one That the little inheritance and living which he had suffred wast by the default or leaudnesse of his bailisses of husbandrie Meanewhiles as if fortune had beene disposed and sought meanes to shew a notable example in the person of this one man Regulus as well of adversitie as prosperitie bec was overthrown in plaine field taken prisoner by Xanthippus a renowmed captain of the Laceâ—â—monans whom the Carthaginians had waged sent for to aid the. After this the sundrie shipwracks of the Romane Navie eclipsed obscured and disfigured all the other noble exploits that the Romane Chieftaines had fortunately atchiâ—ved before as well by land as sea T. Coruncanius was the first high Priest or Archpâ—â—las created out of the bodie of the Commons M. Sempronius Sophus M. Valerius Maximus the Censors when they made a review of the Senate cassed thirteene and tooke their embrodred purple clokes from them They held a survey also of the whole cittie and entred into their subsidie booke 317217 Romane citizens Regulus being sent from the Carthaginians to the Senate of Some to treat a peaceable accord or if he could not obteine so much to deale about the exchange of prisoners one for another bound himselfe by an 〈◊〉
chap. Plinie also in his 7 booke and 50 chap. Now this M' Curius was called Dentatus as Plinie writeth in his 6 booke and 16 chap. for that hee came into the world with teeth 465 M. Valerius Q. Caditius MArcus Valerius and Q. Caeditius were afterwards Consuls as saith Cassiodorus The old booke of Cuspinian putteth to them the surnames of Corvinus and Noctua which in the Sicilian registers are overpassed The Greek records shew unto us Maximus and Mus for Maximus was a surname also of the Valerij Corvini 466 Q. Martius P. Cornelius CAssiodorus this yeere delivereth for Consuls Q. Martius and P. Cornelius Cuspinians booke and the Greeke records adde their surnames Tremulus II. and Arvinus II. who had been Consuls togither once before 467 M. Maâ—cellus Sp. Nautius CAssiodorus avoucheth Consuls this yeere M. Marcellus and Cn. Nautius The Greeke records and Cuspinians booke have Marcellus and Rutilus 468 M. Valerius C. Aelius MArcus Valerius and C. Aelius are raunged in this yeer for Consuls by Cassiodorus Cuspinians book putteth forth Maximus and Paetus but the Greeke records Potitus and Paetus Now you must thinke that both Maximus Potitus are the surnames of the Valerij 469 C. Claudius M. Aemilius FOr this yeeres Consuls Cassiodorus hath C. Claudius and M. Aimilius The Greeke records and Cuspinians booke Canina and Lepidus whereof the former is the surname of Claudius the latter of Aemilius 470 C. Servilius L. Caecilius BY Cassiodorus C. Servilius and L. Caecilius Metellus are placed Consuls in this yeere for whereas in some copies of Cassiodorus in stead of Lu. Caecilius is written Caelius that is a fault as Sigonius and Onuphrius have noted To Servilius this Consull the Greeke records adde the surname of Turca whome they put down Consull with Dento they would say Denter as both Sigonius and Onuphrius suppose For Denter is a surname also given to the Caecilij as appeareth by Livie 471 P. Cornelius Dolabella Cn. Domitius CAssiodorus inferreth P. Cornel Dolabella and Cn. Domitius for Consuls Cuspinians Kalender hath Dolabella and Calvus The Sicilian registers Dolabella Maximus And some thinke that Maximus was the surname of Dolabella which hee seemeth to have acquired by the honor that he had woon in the war against the Gaules 472 C. Fabricius Q. Aemilius CAssiodorus bringeth in for Consuls C. Fabricius and Q. Aemilius but the Sicilian registers Luscinus and Papus Of them Cicero in his booke Laelius maketh mention in this manner Wee see that Papus Aemilius was familiarly acquainted with C. Luscinus for so we have heard our fathers say that they were two Consuls togither and companions in the Censorship Moreover Valerius in his chap. where hee treateth of Povertie maketh mention of C. Fabricius and Q. Aemilius Papus This Aemilius Plutarch in his Parallels calleth corruptly by the name of Paulus 473 L. Aumilius Q. Martius THere followed Consuls as Cassiodorus sheweth L. Aimilius and Q. Martius unto whome Cuspinians booke and the Greeke records give also their surnames Barbula and Philippus and the same also is evident by the records in the Capitoll of their triumphs 474 P. Valerius T. Coruncanius P. Vb. Valerius and Tit. Coruncanius are by Cassiodorus placed in this yeere for Coss. The Greeke records Cuspinians booke Florus Orosius and Eutropius give to Valerius the surname of Laevinus And Plutarch hath 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 for 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 475 P. Sulpitius P. Decius NExt after those Cassiodorus putteth down P. Sulpitius Consull with P. Decius The Sicilian registers have Savennio and Mus. Cicero in his 2 booke entitled De Fin. and in his Tusculan disputations saith That this Pub. Decius was the son of that P. Decius who vowed himselfe to death in the Samiâ—ites and Gaules warre 476 C. Fabricius Q. Aimilius CAssiodorus delivereth unto us for Consuls C. Fabricius and Q. Aimilius whome Cuspinians booke and the Greeke records call Luscinus the second time and Papus That these were fellows togither once before in the Consulate Cicero writeth in his book Laelius Plutarch in Pyrrhus Gellius 3 booke chap. 8. Eutropius and Zonaras make report of the same 477 P. Cornelius C. Iunius PVb. Cornelius and C. Iunius are rehearsed for Consuls this yeer by Cassiodorus Cuspinians booke hath Rufinus the second time and Brutus The Greeke records Rufinus and Bubulcus Zonaras hath R. finus and Iunius Of P. R. finus twise Consull Cic. in his 2 booke Of a perfect orator Valer. Max. in his 3 booke and 4 chap. Gellius in his 4 booke and 8 chap. in his 17 booke likewise and 21 chap. and last of all Frontinus in his booke of Straâ—agemes make mention 478 Q. Fabius C. Genutius CAssiodorus reporteth Q. Fabius and C. Genutius Coss. The Sicilians registers have Gurges and Clepsina Of these Consuls Orosius maketh mention in this wise When Fabius Gurges was the second time Consul with G. Genutius Clepsina a grievous pestilence reigned both in the cittie and also in the territorie about it 479 M' Curius L. Lentulus CAssiodorus and Eutropius deliver unto us for Consuls M' Curius and L. Lentulus The Sicilian registers Dentatus and Lentulus This is the third Consulate of M' Curius which togither with Lentulus Consulship is drawne out of the Capitoll records of triumph this yeere 480 Serv. Cornelius M' Curius CAssiodorus sheweth for this yeeres Consuls Servius Cornelius and M' Curius Cuspinians booke and the Greeke records Merenda and Dentatus the third time This M' Curius is now Consull the fourth time for thrice he was before Concerning this Serv. Cornelius Merenda Plinie relateth and writeth that hee received a princely coroner of gold at the hands of L. Lentulus the Consull of the former yeere for winning a town of the Samnites 481 C. Fabricius C. Claudius CAssiodorus setteth downe C. Fabricius and C. Claudius Consuls the Sicilian records Licinius and Canina Cuspinians kalender Licinius and Cinna Eutropius Fabius Lâ—câ—nius and C. Claudius Caninâ— Valleius Fabius Do so and Claud. Canina Whereby it may be understood that these Consuls were called â— Fabius Do so Licinius and Caius Claudius Canina for Dorso was an old name of the Fabij 482 L. Papirius Cursor Sp. Carvilius NExt after them Cassiodorus nominateth for Consuls Sp. 〈◊〉 and Lu. Papirius Cursor The records both of Sicilie and Cuspinian have Cursor and Maximus Both these were now Consuls the second time as appeareth by their triumphs upon record in the Capitoll Frontinus speaketh of them in this booke Of water conduits and Livie in his 24 booke 483 C. Quintius L. Genutius IT is reported by Cassiodore that C. Quintius and L. Genutius were Consuls Cuspinians booke and the Greeke records set to their surnames Claudius and Clepsina Livie in his 7 booke speaketh of one Tit. Quintius lame of one legge from whome haply this surname is drawne 484 C. Genutius Cn. Cornelius REported there are for Consuls this yeere by Cassiodorus C. Genutius and Cn. Cornelius whose surnames were Clepsina Blasio as it appeareth in Cuspinians books This Caius
was surnamed Allobrogicus upon a victorie over the Allobroges Of this Lucius Opimius Consull after whose name there was a wine called Opimianum Plinie maketh mention in his foureteenth booke and fourth chap. Plutarch also in C. Gracchus and Velleius in his second booke 634 P. Manlius C. Papyrius CAssiodorus insereth for this yeeres Consuls P. Manlius and C. Papyrius The Sicilian records Manlius and Carbo This is that Caisis Papyrius Carbo who being a Tribune of the Commons when Claudius and Perpenna were Coss. was afterwards by C. Gracchus appointed for one of the Triumvirs to devide lands who first tooke part with the Commons but afterwards raunged with the nobilitie of whom Cicero in many other places and namely in his second booke of a perfect Oratour maketh mention 635 L. Cacilius L. Aurelius CAssiodorus and Obsequens put downe for Consuls Lucius Caecilius and Lu. Aurelius The Sicilian catalogue Metellus and Cotta Plutarch in Marius speaketh of Caecilius Metellus and Cotta Consuls Which Marius he writeth to have borne the Tribuneship of the Commons when these were Consuls and to have cast Metellus the Consull into prison This is that Cotta in whose consulat roume Velleius reporteth that C. Caesar Flamin of Iupiter was created 636 M. Cato Q. Martius THis yeere had for Consuls Mar. Cato and Q. Martius witnesse Cassiodorus and Obsequens Cato and Martius according to the Sicilian registers But Eutropius nameth them M. Porcius Cato and Q. Martius Valerius speaketh of them in his first booke and Plinie in his second booke and one and thirtieth chap. Gelleius also in his 13 booke and 19 chapter 637 L. Lucilius Q. Mutius COnsuls next ensuring by Cassiodorus his saying were L. Caecilius and Q. Mutius After the Sicilian registers Metellus and Scaevola if ye go by Eutropius L. Caecilius Metellus and Q. Mutius Scaevola Now is this that L. Caecilius Metellus who afterwards upon subduing the Dalmatians was surnamed Dalmaticus whom Plutarch in Coriolanus and in his booke of the Romane fortune nameth Diadematus for that a long time he bound up his forehead with a frontlet or wreath which they call a diademe to hide an ulcer that hee had there Hereupon when Pompeius bound up his leg with a white band or garter It makes no matter qd Favonius in what part of the bodie a man weareth the diademe upbraiding and reproching him for his king like power in tearming a small clout or peece of cloth by that name This is that Q. Mutius Scaevola the Augur of whom Cicero in his booke Laelius and in the first booke of an Oratour maketh mention 638 C. Licinius Geta. Q. Maximus CAssiodorus coupleth together in societie of Consullship this yeere C. Litinius and Qu. Maximus The Sicilian registers name them Geta and Eburinus Of this Q. Maximus Cicero speaketh in his Oration for Muraena That this man was of the house of the Fabij his surname Eburinus sheweth of whome writeth Festus in this manner Qu. Fabius was called Pullus Iovis surnamed Eburivus of whitenesse for that his buttocke was blasted with lightening Quintilian in his third Declamation reporteth that this Fabius Eburinus had a sonne unchast of his bodie whom he examined at home in his house and thereupon put him to death The same man Valerius calleth Qu. Fabius Servilianus As for the name of this Licinius his father obscure and unknowne heretofore Goltzius out of an old antiquitie of coin hath restored it wherin as he saith was written plainely C. Licinius Geta son of Publius 639 M. Metellus M. Scaurus THe Consuls next following by Cassiodorus his report were Mar. Metellus and M. Scaurus As for Metellus the third sonne he was of Macedonicus But as touching M. Scaurus whome the writer of the booke entituled of Famous persons calleth M. Aemylius Scauras thus writeth Paedianus M. Scaurus quoth hee was a Patritian indeed and of noble bloud but so as the gentric of his house for those discents before him lay obscure for neither father nor grandsire by reason of their poore estate and for want of putting forth themselves in the world attained to dignitie in weale publicke Moreover of him Cicero maketh mention oftentimes in his Oration for Murena and in Brutus Valerius also in his fift book and eight chapter and Plinie likewise in his second booke and sixe and thirtieth chapter 640 M' Acilius Balbus C. Cato CAssiodorus setteth down for Consuls this yeere M. Atilius Balbus and C. Cato The Sicilian catalogue Balbus and Cato Obsequens M. Acilius and C. Portius Of the same Consuls Plinie speaketh in the 2 booke chap. 29 and 58. Plutarch in Marius giveth to Acilius the forename Manius This C. Cato is the brother of that M. Cato who foure yeers before was Consull nephew to M. Cato Censorinus Africanus sisters sonne as saith Velleius Cicero against Verres and in Brutus 641 C. Caeilius Cn. Papyrius CAssiodorus and Obsequens set downe for next Consulls C. Caecilius and Cn. Papyrius The Sicilian registers Metellus and Carbo Eutropius C. Caecilius Metellus Cn. Carbo The same men Tacitus in his booke of the manners of Germanes reported to have borne the Consulship anno 640 after the foundation of Rome in which yeere both he and Obsequens doe report that the people of Rome began first to war with the Cimbrians and the Teutones This C. Metellus was the fourth sonne of C. Metellus the sonne of Macedonicus whom when he died he left a man of Pretors calling and in suit and election for to be Consull This man gat a surname by way of reproch as Cicero testifieth in his second booke of a perfect Oratour Now surnamed was hee Capriarus as Plutarch saith in the Life of the Romans 642 M. Livius Drusus L. Piso. CAssiodorus exhibiteth unto us for this yeers Consuls M. Livius Drusus and L. Piso. The Sicilian catalogue Drusus and Piso. L. Piso surnamed Caesonius a man of Consular degree was slaine after by the Tigurines when Lu. Cassius was Consull as Orosius testifieth 643 P. Scipio L. Calpurnius Bestia CAssiodorus nameth this yeere for Consuls P. Scipio and L. Calpurnius Bestia The Sicilian records Nasica and Bestia Obsequens Pub. Scipio and L. Calpurnius Salust Eutropius and Orosius P. Scipio Nasica and L. Capurnius Bestia Of these Consuls P. Nasica Scipio L. Bestia Valerius likewise maketh report lib. 1. cap. 6. Moreover Cicero in his Brutus writeth that P. Scipio the sonne of Pub. Scipio surnamed Serapion and fellow Consull to L. Bestia died in his Consulship Of this Bestia there is some mention to be seene in a capitoll fragment 644 Sp. Postumius M. Minutius CAssiodorus setteth downe for Consuls Sp. Postumius and M. Minutius The Sicilian registers Albinus and Rufus Salust Sp. Albinus and Q. Minutius Rufus Of M. Minustius Velleius and the threescore and seventh Epitome make mention 645 Q. Metellus M. Silanus CAssiodorus saith that the Consuls next following were Q. Metellus and M. Silanus The Sicilian catalogue sheweth Metellus and Silanus Paedianus and Eutropius Qu.
of Cato the yonger Cicero also in his oration against Piso and for Sextius This Piso the Consull Cicero and Paedian surnamed Caesonius for so his grandfather before him was called as appeareth in the capitoll records for the yeere 606. 697 P. Lentulus Q. Metellus THe Consuls following for this yeere were by Cassiodorus and the Sicilian records P. Lentulus and Q. Metellus By Dio Pub. Cornelius sonne of Publius Lentulus Spiniher and Q. Caecilius sonne of Quintus Metelius Nepos Of them speaketh Valerius in his ninth booke Lentulus qd he and Metellus companions in the Consulship were beheld seen both upon the stage like plaiers but the one of them tooke the surname of Spinther one of the second sort of actors the other but that he had gotten the name of Nepos alreadie for his lewd behaviour should have beene called Pamphilus after the name of one of a third sort whome for all the world hee resembled Of the same men Cicero in his first booke of Epistles and in very many of his orations Plinie also in his seventh booke and second chapter Plutarch in the life of Cicero and all other writers make much mention 698 Cn. Lentulus L. Philippus CAssiodorus putteth downe for Consuls Cn. Lentulus and L. Philippus The Sicilian records Marcellus and Philippus Dio Cn. Cornelius son of Publius Lentulus Marcellus and L. Martius sonne of Lucius Philippus Of Lentulus and M. Marcellus Consuls Cicero speaketh in his Epistles to Lentulus Plutarch also in the life of Cato maketh mention of Martius Philippus now Consull This Cn. Lentulus was the son of that P. Lentulus as Cicero saith in his Brutus And surnamed hee was Marcellus and not Claudius that it might be knowne of what familie of the Claudij he was descended 696 Cn. Pompeius M. Crassus VVHen as by the obstinate persistance of â— Cato Tribune of the commons who ever interposed his negative there could be no ordinarie assembly holden for the creation of magistrates the whole degree of the Senatours changed their weed in token of griefe so as upon an Interregencie between Cn. Pompeius was chosen Consull with him M. Crassus the second time as Plutarch Dio Appian do witnes Lucius Domitius Aenobarbus whom Cato and all good men accompanied presented was in the common place by violence throughly beaten and Cato himselfe wounded These Coss. Dio calleth Cn. Pompeius son of Cneus Magnus the second time M. Licinius sonne of Pâ—blius Crassus the second time Of them Paedianus Eutropius the Sicilian registers and others make mention 700 Ap. Claudius L. Domitius DIo in his nine and thirtieth booke for the yeere after the citties foundation 700 following the computation of Varro avoucheth Consuls Appius Claudius son of Appius Pulcher and L. Domitius sonne of Cneus Aenobarbus Cassiodore and Obsequens name them Appius Claudius and L. Domitius whom the Sicilian records call Pulcher and Aenobarbus and Paedian upon the oration for Scaurus L. Domitius Aenobarbus and Appius Claudius Pulcher Of this L. Domitius sonne of Cneus Aenobarbus Caelius speaketh in the eight booke of Ciceroes Epistles 701 Cn. Domitius M. Messala AGainst this yeere there stood in election and labored with much earnestnes ambitious desire to be Consuls Caius Memmius Cn. Domitius M. Messala and M. Scaurus as Cicero writeth to his brother Quintus But at the last even in the seventh moneth of this yeere there were created by meanes of an Interregencie M. Messala and Cn. Domitius Neither had they bene chosen then but that Q. Pompeius Rufus a Tribune of the commons who still opposed himselfe to hinder and debarre all election was by order from the Senate committed and the Senate made countenaunce to do the like by the rest as many as went about to crosse the said election Thus much Dio. But Appian saith that the common weale continued for eight months space in Anarchie without any soveraigne magistrates of state Plutarch writeth that in this so great extreamitie of daunger Lucilius a Tribune of the commons preferred a bill for the creating of Cneus Pompeius Dictatour who should redresse all enormities and set upright the state againe but Cato gainsaied it and so nothing was effected Dio saith moreover that the Tribunes of the commones mooved for the chusing not of a Dictatour onely but also of militarie Tribunes in Consuls authoritie but through the earnest labour of Pompeius Consuls were created Messala and Calvinus which surnames stand to bee seene upon the Sicilian records Also in the capitoll monuments written it is thus Cn. Domitius Calvinus sonne of M. nephew of Marcus ann 708 and 717. 702 Cn. Pompeius Q. Metellus VVHen by reason of the contentions among so mighty competitours the Consuls could not be created by the kalends of Ianuarie there passed an Act of the Senate according to the mind and advise of Bibulus by vertue whereof Cn. Pompeius was by the Interregent Serv. Sulpitius created Consull the third time upon the five and twentieth of Februarie without a colleague first and presently entred upon the government But afterwards to avoid the envie that might arise thereupon he tooke unto him as companion in the Consulship for the five last months of the yeer behind Q. Caecilius Pius Metellus Scipio his wives father Thus writeth Paedian upon the oration of Cicero in defence of Milo Plutarch likewise Appianus Dio. This Metellus Pius Scipio was also called P. Cornelius Scipio Nasica sonne of Nasica Scipio who beeing adopted by Q. Metellus Pius is called by Caelius in the familiar Epistles of Cicero Q. Caecilius sonne of Q. nephew of Q. Metellus Pius Scipio 703 M. Marcellus Ser. Sulpitius AGainst this yeere were Consuls created M. Marcellus Serv. Sulpitius as Cassiodorus Plutarch and Appian witnesse The Sicilian records call them Rufus and Marcellus Dio nameth them Servius Sulpitius sonne of Q. surnamed Rufus and M. Claudius sonne of M. surnamed also Marcellus Of these Consuls Suetonius also maketh mention in Caesar likewise Cicero in his Epistles the Epitome 118. This Marcellus was the cousin germane of that Marcellus who the yeere next following was Consull and brother germane to him who two yeeres after bare the Consulship as may bee collected out of Verrius Flaccus Dio and Suetonius 704 L. Paulus C. Marcellus THere succeeded Consuls L. Paulus and C. Marcellus witnesse Cassiodore Dio Suetonius Hirtius in his 8 book togither with the Sicilian records The one of these is by Dio named L. Aemylius sonne of Marcus surnamed Paulus the other by Cicero in his epistles C. Claudius sonne of Caius Marcellus Dio writeth that this man by some was reported to be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. the brothers sonne others 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. the brother of Mar. Marcellus but Suetonius saith plainely hee was the brothers sonne 705 L. Lentulus C. Marcellus CAssiodorus setteth down for Consuls this yeere L. Lentulus and C. Marcellus as also Appian Plutarch Hirtius Florus Cicero in his epistles do testifie
the Quinquennale solemnitie perform ed as writeth Dio in memoriall of the empire of Augustus and Agrippa one of the Quindecemvirs had the ordering and setting out thereof 739 M. Drusus L. Piso. THe Consuls next following were M. Drusus and L. Piso as Cassiodorus saith The Sicilian registers name them Libo and Piso. Dio M. Livius sonne of Lucius Drusus Libo and L. Calpurnius sonne of Lucius Piso M. Drusus sonne of Marcus L. ****** according to the Colotian fragment 740 Cn. Lentulus M. Crassus THis yeere next following had for Consuls after Cassiodorus and the Sicilian monuments Cn. Lentulus and M. Crassus whom Dio calleth M. Licinius sonne of Marcus Crassus and Cn. Cornelius sonne of Cneus Lentulus The Colotian fragment sheweth Marcus Licinius sonne of Marcus 741 T. Nero. P. Quintilius TIberius Nero and P. Quintilius were Consuls this yeere as Cassiodorus reporteth They are named Nero and Varus in the Sicilian Catalogue And Dio calleth them Titus Claudius sonne of Tiberius Nero and P. Quintilius son of Sextus Varus The Colotian fragment Tiberius Claudius sonne of T. Suetonius writeth that Tiberius bare his first Consulship but a few daies For this is that Tiberius Nero Augustus Caesar's wives sonne who after the death of Augustus attained to the empire having bene first by him adopted 742 M. Messala P. Sulpitius CAssiodorus putteth downe for Consuls Messala and P. Sulpitius The Sicilian records Messala and Quirinus Dio M. Valerius sonne of Marcus Messala Barbatus and P. Sulpitius sonne of Publius Quirinus of whom Suetonius in Claudius and Tacitus in his second booke write Moreover this is that Sulpitius Quritius who by Iosephus in the seventeenth booke of antiquities and first chapter is said to have borne the consulare dignitie was lieutenant in Syria At which time our Lord Iesus Christ the redeemer Savior of mankind was borne of whom Saint Luke maketh mention saying This was the first enrolment or taxation which was made by Quirinus President and governor of Syria After these Consuls others were substituted in their place as the Colotian stone sheweth wherein it is thus read M. Valerius M. F. C. Volgius C. F. Suff. C. Caninius Likewise in Cuspinian his kalender these Consuls are written with their surnames Messala Quirinus Rebilus Saturninus Maximus Tubero By which it appeareth that Rebulus and Saturninus were the surnames of Caninius and Volgius By a fragment of the capitoll marble it is evident that the surnames of Valerius was Aemylianus of Volgius Rufus and Rebulus of Caninius and that as Rufus was put in the place of Valerius so Rebulus in stead of Rufus There remaineth also the memoriall of Rebulus and Saturninus in the Sicilian records In this yere Dio reporteth that Augustus was a second time made over-seer for mens maners and demeanours five yeeres more and that hee resumed still the same authoritie by times as also the empire and therein Agrippa died 743 P. Fabius Q. Aelius CAssiodorus exhibiteth for this yeeres Consuls Paulus Fabius Q. Aelius Dion Paulus Fabius sonne of Quintus Maximus and Tubero Of Q. Aelius Tubero and P. Fabius Maximus Consuls Frontius speaketh of in his book of water conduits and Plinie in his eight booke and seventh chapter where hee writeth that the Theatre of Marcellus was dedicated when Quintus Tubero and Fabius Max. were Consuls 744 Iulus Antonius Q. Fabius CAssiodorus nameth for Consuls this yere Iulius Antonius Africanus and Q. Fabius Dio Iul. Antonius Africanus and Q. Fabius sonne of Quintus Maximus The Sicilian catalogue kalender of Cuspinian shew Africanus and Maximus Dio nameth Iulus the sonne of Antonius Vnto him Horace writeth in this manner Pindarum quisquis studet aemulaei Iule ceratis op Daedalea Nititur pennis c. With wings devis'd by Daedalus And glew'd with wax they flie Who strive ô Iule with Pindarus To match his poetrie And after Tendit Antoni quoties in altos Nubium tractus ô Antoni so oft As he doth mount the clouds aloft 745 Drusus Nero. Titus Quintius THere succeeded Coss. according to Cassiodorus Drusus Nero and T. Quintius but after Dio Nero Claudius sonne of Tiberius Drusus and T. Quintius sonne of Titus Crispinus Drusus and Crispinus by Cuspinians kalender and the Sicilian registers This Drusus brother of Tiberius Nero was Augustus Caesars wives sonne who being Consull died in Germanie and both he and his children had the surname of Germanicus as Dio writeth which addition the Senat gave him first of that province as Eutropius saith With the death of this Drusus endeth Livies histories for thus it is written in the last Epitome c. Looke in the said Breviarie TO THE READER I doubt not but many of them who shall take delight and pleasure in reading the Romane storie above-written will presently grwo into a liking of the very place which hath affourded so worthy persons and rare examples The love whereof hath moved many a man to undertake a voiyage to Rome onely to see the river Tyberis those seven hils and the monuments remaining of that famous citie The journie they have found for way long and tedious for expense of money heavie and chargeable for hazard of religion conscience and good manners exceeding dangerous so farre degenerate are the inhabitants now from that auncient people so devoute so vertuous and vncorrupt in old time To satisfie the readers in this behalfe and to avoid the perill of that travaile I thought it not amisse to bring Rome as it were home to them even to represent unto their eye the topographie thereof that is to say the description of the paces with the memorable edifices or rather the ruines of those antique buildings mentioned in the storie aforesaid And for as much as Bartholmew Marlian hath herein taken paines and made a treatise therof worthy in his conceit to be dedicated unto that noble Prince of famous memorie Francis the French king the first I take it of that name and for that those learned men who last set Livie forth in print have thought good to adjoine thereto as a necessarie dependant the foresaid treatise I for my part having struggled with the difficulties of the Alpes in some sort overcome thē crossed Rhosne and the Po passed over the hils Olympus and Aemus scrawled throgh the rough streights of Thermopylae and Tempe seeme now I would not in my returne to stick at the pleasant mounts Palatine Capitol Aventine c. with the plains and vallies between or the river Tybre Mars field underneath thē beautified especially with such stately temples triumphant arches glorious pallaces Theatres Cirques Columnes Colosses wonders of the world And albeit I found Marlian far unlike himself the book that goeth in his name much corrupt in the print yet by conference with other authors I have reformed the faults and endevoured that our English edition might in some measure be answerable to the Latine A SVMMARIE COLLECTED BY IOHN BARTHOLMEW MARLIANVS A GENTLEMAN OF MILLAINE TOVCHING THE
as furniture to sepultures belōging The chappell to this goddesse stood without the cittie and a gate there was Libitinensis at which they carried foorth their dead For at Rome they might not cōmonly burie or burn a dead corps within the citie unlesse it were upon a special priviledge the law of 12 tables provided therefore in these expresse words IN URBE NON SEPELITO NEVE URITO but in some barren part of their land each man bestowed the ashes or bodies of their dead The practise whereof is evident by many examples in histories and at this day are monuments standing of their tombes reared neere the great causey Appia and elsewhere about Rome The consideration hereof with some other circumstances of a place in the 3 booke of Livie gave me occasion haply to translate amisse There happened to bee a great mortalitie in Rome and the territorie about it not onely of men but of cattlel also at what time as the Volscians and Aequians were encamped within three miles of Rome with a purpose to give the assault to the citie but they were suddainly stricken with a feare that they durst not approach neere testaque procul visa arque imminentes tumuli avertere mentem corum c. where I have englished imminentes tumuli tombes and graves neere at hand in opposition of testa urbis Romena procul visa and the rather because it presently followeth In deserio agro inter tabem perorum atque bominum where tumuli may well be put for tombes and monuments and imminentes neere at hand as Livie and others doe take those words But if any man would have it meant rather of the 7 hils of Rome commaunding and overlooking those houses aforesaid I will not be against it but rather my 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 shall go with him and pardon me I hope he will if either there or elsewhere I have seemed to nod and take a little nap Namque opere in longo fas est obrepere somnum seeing that I have taken my selfe in the manner and not slept untill my neighbour awaked me Lictours in Livie are ministers or sergeants attending upon the magistrates of Rome namely Dictatours Consuls Pretours for those only were called somtime magistrates 〈◊〉 as superiour to the rest so called as Fectus thinketh quod fasces virgarum ligatos serant for that they carried rods tied up in bundels which rods were of birch willow hazell or the Carpine tree a kind of Plane or Maple and within them stuck an axe all to signifie whipping death These officers made way before those magistrates and were ministers also of the execution Lituus was the Augurs staffe much like a bishops croisier crooked at the end M MAgister Equitum Master or Generall of the horsemen This was an office or dignitie among the Romanes incorporate as it were in the Dictatour alone who ever had the absolute naming and chusing of him and ordinarily he was subject to him howsoever Minutius was by strong hand and a violent course of the people made equall to Q. Fabius his Dictatour Commaunder hee was under him of the Cavallerie also his Lieutenant-generall and coadjutour with him in all execution The same that Tribunus celerum in the time of the KK M. Marcus M' with the note of Apostrophus Manius The forenames of certaine Romanes Manipulus in an armie was at the first a pettie companie often soldiors following one javelin having a wispe of hearbs or hay fastened to the upper end as a man would say an handfull of men used after for a small band or squadron of souldiours and Manipulares were they tearmed who served in one such Manipulus Matuta otherwise called Leutothea or Ino the daughter of Cadmus Into her temple at the time of her solemne feast might no maid servant enter and if any did they were sure to be beaten forth by the dames or wives there assembled in remembrance of one Antigera the chamber-maid of Ino with whome her husband Athamas as shee thought was more familiar than she liked well of Megalesia were plaies or games at Rome not as the letter seemeth to import Magni which were Romani but in the honour of Cybele the goddesse named also Idaea Magna mater i. the great mother of the gods Mulsta decem millium aris gravis c. was no doubt a fine of brasen money set upon a mans head after the weight of so much every As weighing a lib. of 12 ounces For before that silver was cast and stamped for coine Aes grave plaustris ad aetarium convehebant as Livie saith when they paid tribute or subsidy to the citie chamber as they were assessed Mundus Muliebris the Elegancie of women Nam quem 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Graci nomine ornamenti appelaverunt cum nos perfecta absolutag elegantia mundum i the world Plin. first booke fourth chapter Murcea or Murtia one of the names attributed to Venus quia prater modum non moveret sed saceret hominem murcidum i. nimis desidiosum inactuosum contrarie to that other goddesse Agenoria qua ad agendum excitaret And hereupon it is that Murtea is put for the goddesse of sloath and lithernesse N NOra tabula was an easment proposed in favour of debters at Rome whereby the old debt-bookes and obligations were cancelled or the Nomina dashed out Among the Atheniās this practise was called Sisachia i. an easing of burden or Chreocopia a cutting off or striking out of debts N. Numerius a forename to some houses of Rome Nundina were the market daies appointed every ninth day at Rome for the paisants of the countrie to repaire unto the cittie to sell commodities or to buy their necessities And hereupon Trinundinū is the space of 27. daies comprehending three market daies Nones were daies in the month so called because they began the ninth day ever before the Ides honoured by the Romanes both for the birth-day of king Servius and also for the chasing out of the KK for otherwise it was not festivall as Ovid saith Nonarum tutela Deocaret O OVales or Ova were egges set upon the goles in the solemnitie of the hors-running at the plaies Circenses to reckon or skore up as it seemeth by Livie the races which were performed with 24 courses to represent foure and twentie houres of the day Neither was it for nought that choise was made of egges rather than other things for as egs are laid by birds the swiftest of al other living creatures so they also were to contend and strive to bee most active c. or else because Castor and Pollux those renowmed horsemen came of an egge as Poets fable P P. Publius a forname to some Romane families Panatolium or Panatolaik was a solemne diet or counsell wherein all the states of Aetolia assembled to consult of publicke affaires Patres were at Rome an hūdred Senators or noblemen counsailors of state chosen in this maner three out of every one of the 30 Curio