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book_n world_n write_v wrought_v 183 4 7.8610 4 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A09800 The philosophie, commonlie called, the morals vvritten by the learned philosopher Plutarch of Chæronea. Translated out of Greeke into English, and conferred with the Latine translations and the French, by Philemon Holland of Coventrie, Doctor in Physicke. VVhereunto are annexed the summaries necessary to be read before every treatise; Moralia. English Plutarch.; Holland, Philemon, 1552-1637. 1603 (1603) STC 20063; ESTC S115981 2,366,913 1,440

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call_v unto_o he_o and_o ask_v what_o be_v the_o word_n that_o the_o wooer_n of_o penelope_n speak_v when_o they_o befield_o with_o admiration_n 〈◊〉_d handle_v his_o bow_n and_o when_o demetrius_n have_v prompt_v unto_o i_o the_o verse_n out_o of_o homer_n sure_o quoth_v i_o it_o come_v into_o my_o mind_n to_o say_v the_o very_a same_o of_o this_o stranger_n sure_o this_o fellow_n as_o i_o ween_v some_o hunter_n pry_a spy_n or_o thief_n have_v be_v not_o of_o bow_n as_o he_o say_v of_o ulysses_n but_o of_o sentence_n resolution_n and_o discourse_n of_o philosophy_n he_o have_v be_v conversant_a i_o say_v no_o doubt_n in_o all_o manner_n of_o literature_n and_o i_o warrant_v you_o no_o stranger_n nor_o barbarian_a bear_v but_o a_o grecian_a thorough_o furnish_v with_o all_o knowledge_n and_o doctrine_n of_o the_o greek_n and_o very_o this_o number_n of_o the_o world_n whereof_o he_o talk_v bewray_v not_o a_o egyptian_a nor_o a_o indian_a but_o favour_v of_o some_o dorian_n out_o of_o 〈◊〉_d and_o namely_o of_o petron_n bear_v in_o the_o city_n of_o himera_n who_o write_v a_o little_a book_n of_o this_o argument_n which_o i_o have_v not_o read_v myself_o neither_o do_v i_o know_v whether_o it_o be_v now_o extant_a but_o hippys_n the_o rhegine_n of_o who_o phanias_n the_o eressian_a make_v mention_v write_v that_o this_o be_v the_o opinion_n and_o doctrine_n of_o petron_n namely_o that_o there_o be_v 183_o world_n which_o reach_v one_o another_o in_o order_n and_o train_n but_o what_o he_o mean_v by_o this_o reach_v one_o another_o in_o order_n or_o train_n he_o declare_v not_o neither_o annex_v he_o any_o other_o probable_a reason_n thereof_o then_o demetrius_n and_o what_o likelihood_n or_o probability_n quoth_v he_o may_v there_o be_v in_o such_o matter_n consider_v that_o plato_n himself_o allege_v no_o argument_n or_o conjecture_n that_o carry_v with_o it_o any_o show_n of_o truth_n and_o reason_n have_v by_o that_o mean_v overthrow_v that_o opinion_n and_o yet_o 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about_o to_o solicit_v yea_o force_v she_o by_o violence_n not_o be_v able_a to_o win_v and_o enjoy_v she_o open_o whereupon_o he_o become_v passionate_a and_o love-sick_a for_o like_a as_o a_o man_n body_n in_o time_n of_o famine_n for_o that_o it_o have_v no_o food_n and_o nourishment_n otherwise_o be_v constrain_v even_o against_o nature_n to_o feed_v upon_o the_o own_o substance_n even_o so_o ambition_n and_o thirst_n after_o glory_n do_v the_o like_a hurt_n unto_o the_o soul_n of_o ambitious_a person_n for_o be_v ready_a to_o die_v for_o thirst_n of_o glory_n and_o see_v they_o can_v not_o have_v it_o otherwise_o enforce_v they_o be_v to_o praise_v themselves_o but_o they_o that_o be_v thus_o passionate_o affect_v with_o desire_n of_o praise_n and_o honour_n confess_v not_o they_o manifest_o that_o they_o reject_v forgo_v and_o neglect_v great_a pleasure_n and_o delight_n when_o through_o their_o feeble_a lazy_a and_o base_a mind_n they_o fly_v from_o public_a office_n of_o state_n forbear_v the_o management_n of_o affair_n and_o regard_v not_o the_o favour_n of_o king_n and_o follow_v of_o great_a person_n from_o whence_o democritus_n say_v there_o accrue_v unto_o man_n many_o ornament_n to_o grace_n and_o commend_v this_o life_n for_o epicurus_n shall_v never_o be_v able_a to_o make_v the_o world_n believe_v that_o esteem_v so_o much_o as_o he_o do_v and_o make_a so_o great_a account_n of_o neocles_n his_o brother_n testimony_n or_o the_o adoration_n of_o colotes_n he_o will_v not_o have_v be_v ready_a to_o have_v leap_v out_o of_o his_o skin_n and_o go_v beside_o himself_o for_o joy_n if_o he_o have_v be_v receive_v by_o the_o greek_n at_o the_o solemnity_n of_o the_o olympian_a game_n with_o joious_a acclamation_n and_o clap_v of_o hand_n nay_o he_o will_v no_o doubt_n have_v show_v that_o gladness_n and_o contentment_n of_o heart_n with_o open_a mouth_n he_o will_v have_v be_v aloft_o and_o fly_v abroad_o as_o the_o poet_n sophocles_n say_v like_a to_o the_o down_o which_o be_v light_n and_o soft_a from_o thistle_n old_a the_o wind_n do_v mount_v aloft_o and_o if_o it_o be_v a_o gracious_a and_o acceptable_a thing_n for_o a_o man_n to_o brute_n that_o he_o have_v a_o good_a name_n it_o follow_v consequent_o that_o grievous_a it_o be_v to_o be_v in_o a_o ill_a name_n and_o what_o be_v more_o infamous_a and_o odious_a than_o to_o be_v friendless_a to_o want_v employment_n to_o be_v infect_v with_o atheism_n and_o impiety_n to_o live_v loose_o and_o abandon_v to_o lust_n and_o pleasure_n final_o to_o be_v neglect_v and_o contemn_v and_o very_o set_v themselves_o aside_o there_o be_v no_o man_n live_v but_o he_o think_v all_o these_o quality_n and_o attribute_n to_o agree_v fit_o unto_o this_o sect_n of_o they_o true_a will_n some_o man_n say_v but_o they_o have_v the_o great_a wrong_n well_o the_o question_n now_o be_v not_o what_o be_v the_o truth_n but_o what_o be_v the_o common_a opinion_n that_o the_o world_n have_v of_o they_o and_o to_o this_o purpose_n i_o mean_v not_o to_o cite_v the_o public_a decree_n and_o act_n of_o citre_n nor_o to_o allege_v the_o defamatorie_n book_n write_v against_o they_o for_o that_o be_v too_o odious_a but_o if_o the_o oracle_n if_o divination_n if_o the_o prescience_n and_o providence_n of_o the_o god_n if_o the_o natural_a love_n and_o affectionate_a kindness_n of_o parent_n to_o their_o child_n if_o the_o manage_n of_o politic_a affair_n if_o the_o conduct_n of_o army_n if_o magistracy_n and_o rule_n in_o commonwealth_n be_v matter_n honourable_a and_o glorious_a than_o it_o must_v needs_o be_v that_o they_o who_o affirm_v that_o no_o travel_n ought_v to_o be_v make_v for_o the_o safety_n of_o greece_n but_o that_o we_o be_v to_o eat_v and_o drink_v so_o as_o the_o belly_n may_v be_v please_v and_o receive_v no_o harm_n
a_o little_a trouble_v at_o this_o challenge_n but_o after_o he_o have_v pause_v and_o think_v upon_o the_o matter_n a_o while_n in_o the_o end_n he_o speak_v to_o this_o effect_n it_o be_v a_o ordinary_a thing_n quoth_v he_o with_o plato_n to_o play_v with_o we_o many_o time_n merry_o by_o certain_a devise_v name_n that_o he_o use_v but_o whensoever_o he_o insert_v some_o fable_n in_o any_o treatise_n of_o the_o soul_n he_o do_v it_o right_n sober_o and_o have_v a_o deep_a meaning_n and_o profound_a sense_n therein_o for_o the_o intelligent_a nature_n of_o heaven_n he_o call_v a_o chariot_n volant_fw-fr to_o wit_n the_o harmonical_a motion_n and_o revolution_n of_o the_o world_n and_o here_o in_o this_o place_n whereof_o we_o be_v now_o in_o question_n to_o wit_n in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o ten_o book_n of_o his_o commonwealth_n he_o bring_v in_o a_o messenger_n from_o hell_n to_o relate_v news_n of_o that_o which_o he_o have_v there_o himself_o see_v and_o call_v he_o by_o the_o name_n of_o era_n a_o pamphylian_a bear_v and_o the_o son_n of_o armonius_a give_v we_o covert_o by_o a_o enigmatical_a conveyance_n thus_o much_o to_o understand_v that_o our_o soul_n be_v engender_v by_o harmony_n and_o so_o join_v to_o our_o body_n but_o when_o they_o be_v disjoin_v and_o separate_v from_o they_o they_o run_v together_o all_o into_o air_n from_o every_o side_n and_o so_o return_v again_o from_o thence_o unto_o second_o generation_n what_o shall_v hinder_v then_o but_o this_o word_n twenty_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v put_v down_o by_o he_o not_o to_o show_v a_o truth_n whereof_o he_o speak_v but_o rather_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o a_o probable_a speech_n and_o conjectural_a fiction_n or_o else_o a_o thing_n speak_v as_o it_o shall_v seem_v to_o a_o dead_a body_n and_o so_o utter_v 〈◊〉_d vain_o and_o at_o a_o venture_n in_o the_o air_n for_o plato_n always_o touch_v three_o cause_n as_o be_v the_o philosopher_n who_o either_o first_o know_v or_o principal_o understand_v how_o fatal_a destiny_n be_v mingle_v with_o fortune_n and_o again_o how_o our_o freewill_n be_v wont_n to_o be_v join_v with_o either_o of_o they_o or_o be_v complicate_v with_o both_o and_o now_o in_o this_o place_n before_o cite_v he_o show_v excellent_o well_o what_o power_n each_o of_o these_o cause_n have_v in_o our_o humane_a affair_n attribute_v the_o choice_n and_o election_n of_o our_o life_n unto_o free_a will_n for_o virtue_n and_o vice_n be_v free_a and_o at_o the_o command_n of_o no_o lord_n and_o tie_v to_o the_o necessity_n of_o fatal_a destiny_n a_o religious_a life_n to_o god-ward_o in_o they_o who_o have_v make_v a_o good_a choice_n and_o contrariwise_o in_o those_o who_o have_v make_v a_o choice_n of_o the_o worst_a but_o the_o cadence_n or_o chance_n of_o lot_n which_o be_v cast_v at_o a_o venture_n and_o light_v here_o and_o there_o without_o order_n befall_v to_o every_o one_o of_o we_o bring_v in_o fortune_n and_o preoccupate_v or_o prevent_v much_o of_o that_o which_o be_v we_o by_o the_o sundry_a education_n or_o government_n of_o commonweal_n wherein_o it_o happen_v each_o of_o we_o to_o live_v for_o this_o i_o will_v have_v every_o one_o of_o you_o to_o consider_v whether_o it_o be_v not_o mere_a folly_n and_o without_o all_o reason_n to_o seek_v for_o a_o cause_n of_o that_o which_o be_v do_v by_o fortune_n and_o casual_o for_o if_o lot_n shall_v seem_v to_o come_v by_o reason_n there_o be_v to_o be_v impute_v no_o more_o to_o fortune_n or_o adventure_n but_o all_o to_o some_o fatal_a destiny_n or_o providence_n while_o lamprias_n deliver_v this_o speech_n marcus_n the_o grammarian_n seem_v to_o count_v and_o number_n i_o wot_v not_o what_o upon_o his_o finger_n to_o himself_o apart_o but_o when_o he_o have_v make_v a_o end_n the_o say_a marcus_n name_v aloud_o all_o those_o soul_n or_o spirit_n which_o be_v call_v out_o in_o homer_n necya_n among_o which_o quoth_v he_o the_o ghost_n only_o of_o elpenor_n wander_v still_o in_o the_o middle_a confine_n be_v not_o reckon_v with_o those_o beneath_o in_o another_o world_n for_o that_o his_o body_n as_o yet_o be_v not_o inter_v and_o commit_v to_o the_o earth_n as_o for_o the_o soul_n of_o tiresias_n also_o it_o seem_v not_o to_o be_v number_v with_o the_o rest_n to_o who_o now_o dead_a proserpina_n above_o the_o rest_n do_v give_v this_o gift_n alone_o right_a wise_a to_o be_v although_o he_o do_v not_o live_v as_o also_o the_o power_n to_o speak_v with_o the_o live_n and_o to_o understand_v their_o state_n and_o affair_n even_o before_o he_o have_v drink_v the_o blood_n of_o sacrifice_a beast_n if_o then_o quoth_v he_o o_o lamprias_n you_o subtract_v these_o two_o and_o count_v the_o rest_n you_o shall_v find_v that_o the_o soul_n of_o ajax_n be_v just_o the_o twenty_o of_o those_o which_o present_v themselves_o to_o ulysses_n and_o hereto_o allude_v plato_n as_o it_o shall_v seem_v by_o way_n of_o mirth_n join_v his_o fable_n together_o with_o that_o evocation_n of_o spirit_n otherwise_o call_v necyra_n in_o homer_n odyssea_n the_o six_z question_n what_o be_v covert_o mean_v by_o the_o fable_n wherein_o neptune_n be_v feign_v to_o have_v be_v vanquish_v as_o also_o why_o the_o athenian_n take_v out_o the_o second_o day_n of_o the_o month_n august_n now_o when_o the_o whole_a company_n be_v grow_v to_o a_o certain_a uproar_n menephyllus_fw-la a_o peripatetic_n philosopher_n calling_n unto_o hylas_n by_o name_n you_o see_v quoth_v he_o now_o that_o this_o question_n be_v not_o propound_v by_o way_n of_o mockery_n and_o contumelious_a flout_a but_o you_o my_o good_a friend_n leave_v this_o froward_a and_o mal-contented_n ajax_n who_o name_n as_o sophocles_n say_v be_v ominous_a and_o of_o ill_a presage_n betake_v yourself_o unto_o neptune_n and_o side_n with_o he_o a_o while_n who_o be_v wont_a to_o recount_v unto_o we_o himself_o how_o he_o have_v be_v oftentimes_o overcome_v to_o wit_n in_o this_o city_n by_o minerva_n at_o delphi_n by_o apollo_n in_o argos_n by_o juno_n in_o aegina_n by_o jupiter_n and_o in_o naxus_n by_o bacchus_n and_o yet_o in_o all_o his_o repulse_n disfavor_n and_o infortunity_n he_o bear_v himself_o always_o mild_a and_o gentle_a carry_v no_o rancour_n or_o malice_n in_o his_o heart_n for_o proof_n hereof_o there_o be_v even_o in_o this_o city_n a_o temple_n common_a to_o he_o and_o minerva_n in_o which_o there_o stand_v also_o a_o altar_n dedicate_v to_o oblivion_n then_o hylas_n who_o seem_v by_o this_o time_n more_o pleasant_o dispose_v but_o you_o have_v forget_v quoth_v he_o o_o menephyllus_fw-la that_o we_o have_v abolish_v the_o second_o day_n of_o the_o month_n august_n not_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o moon_n but_o because_o it_o be_v think_v to_o be_v the_o day_n upon_o which_o neptune_n and_o minerva_n plead_v for_o the_o scignorie_n of_o this_o territory_n of_o attica_n now_o i_o assure_v you_o quoth_v lamprias_n neptune_n be_v every_o way_n much_o more_o civil_a and_o reasonable_a than_o thrasibulus_n in_o case_n be_v not_o a_o winner_n as_o the_o other_o but_o a_o loser_n he_o can_v forget_v all_o grudge_n and_o malice_n a_o great_a breach_n and_o defect_n there_o be_v in_o the_o greek_a original_a wherein_o want_v the_o far_a handle_n of_o this_o question_n as_o also_o 5._o question_n entire_a follow_v and_o a_o part_n of_o the_o 6._o to_o wit_n 7_o why_o the_o accord_n in_o music_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o 8_o wherein_o differ_v the_o interval_n or_o space_n melodious_a from_o those_o that_o be_v accordant_a 9_o what_o cause_n be_v it_o that_o make_v accord_n and_o what_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o when_o one_o touch_v two_o string_n accordant_a together_o the_o melody_n be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o base_a 10_o what_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o the_o ecliptic_a revolution_n of_o sun_n and_o moon_n be_v in_o number_n equal_a yet_o we_o see_v the_o moon_n often_o eclipse_v than_o the_o sun_n 11_o that_o we_o continue_v not_o always_o one_o and_o the_o same_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o daily_a deflux_n of_o our_o substance_n 12_o whether_o of_o the_o twain_o be_v more_o probable_a that_o the_o number_n of_o star_n be_v even_o or_o odd_a of_o this_o twelve_o question_n thus_o much_o remain_v as_o follow_v lysander_n be_v wont_a to_o say_v that_o child_n be_v to_o be_v deceive_v with_o cockall_n bone_n but_o man_n with_o oath_n then_o glaucias_n i_o have_v hear_v quoth_v he_o that_o this_o speech_n be_v use_v against_o polycrates_n the_o tyrant_n but_o it_o may_v be_v that_o it_o be_v speak_v also_o to_o other_o but_o whereby_o do_v you_o demand_v this_o of_o i_o because_o very_o quoth_v sospis_n i_o see_v that_o child_n snatch_v at_o such_o bone_n &_o the_o academique_n catch_v at_o word_n for_o it_o
and_o democritus_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o all_o thing_n be_v make_v by_o necessity_n and_o that_o destiny_n justice_n providence_n and_o the_o creator_n of_o the_o world_n be_v all_o one_o chap._n xxvi_o of_o the_o essence_n of_o necessity_n plato_n refer_v some_o event_n to_o providence_n and_o other_o he_o attribute_v to_o necessity_n empedocles_n say_v that_o the_o essence_n of_o necessity_n be_v a_o cause_n apt_a to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o principle_n and_o element_n democritus_n affirm_v it_o to_o be_v the_o resistance_n the_o corruption_n lation_n motion_n and_o permission_n of_o the_o matter_n plato_n hold_v it_o to_o be_v one_o while_o matter_n itself_o and_o another_o while_o the_o habitude_n of_o that_o which_o be_v agent_n to_o the_o matter_n chap._n xxvii_o of_o destiny_n heraclitus_n affirm_v that_o all_o thing_n be_v do_v by_o fatal_a destiny_n and_o that_o it_o and_o necessity_n be_v both_o one_o plato_n admit_v willing_o this_o destiny_n in_o the_o soul_n life_n and_o action_n of_o man_n but_o he_o infer_v withal_o a_o cause_n proceed_v from_o ourselves_o the_o stoic_n likewise_o according_a with_o the_o opinion_n of_o plato_n do_v hold_v that_o necessity_n be_v a_o cause_n invincible_a most_o violent_a and_o enforce_a all_o thing_n also_o that_o destiny_n be_v a_o connexion_n of_o cause_n interlace_v &_o link_v orderly_o in_o which_o concatenation_n or_o chain_n be_v therein_o comprise_v also_o that_o cause_n which_o proceed_v from_o we_o in_o such_o sort_n as_o some_o event_n be_v destine_v and_o other_o not_o chap._n xxviii_o of_o the_o substance_n of_o 〈◊〉_d heraclitus_n say_v that_o the_o substance_n of_o destiny_n be_v the_o reason_n that_o pierce_v throughout_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o universal_a world_n plato_n affirm_v it_o to_o be_v a_o eternal_a reason_n and_o a_o perpetual_a law_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n chrysippus_n hold_v it_o to_o be_v a_o certain_a puissance_n spiritual_a which_o by_o order_n govern_v and_o administer_v all_o thing_n and_o again_o in_o his_o book_n of_o definition_n he_o write_v thus_o destiny_n be_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o world_n or_o rather_o the_o law_n of_o all_o thing_n in_o the_o world_n administer_v and_o govern_v by_o providence_n or_o else_o the_o reason_n whereby_o thing_n past_a have_v be_v thing_n present_a be_v and_o future_a thing_n shall_v be_v the_o stoic_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o it_o be_v the_o chain_n of_o cause_n that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o order_n and_o connexion_n which_o can_v be_v surmount_v and_o transgress_v posidonius_n suppose_v it_o to_o be_v the_o three_o after_o jupiter_n for_o that_o jupiter_n be_v in_o the_o first_o degree_n nature_n in_o the_o second_o and_o fatal_a destiny_n in_o the_o three_o chap._n xxix_o of_o fortune_n plato_n define_v fortune_n to_o be_v in_o thing_n proceed_v from_o man_n counsel_n and_o election_n a_o cause_n by_o accident_n and_o a_o very_a casual_a consequence_n aristotle_n hold_v it_o to_o be_v a_o accidental_a cause_n in_o those_o thing_n which_o from_o some_o deliberate_a purpose_n and_o impulsion_n tend_v to_o a_o certain_a end_n which_o cause_n be_v not_o apparent_a but_o hide_v and_o uncertain_a and_o he_o put_v a_o difference_n between_o fortune_n and_o rash_a adventure_n for_o that_o all_o fortune_n in_o the_o affair_n and_o action_n of_o this_o world_n be_v adventurous_a but_o every_o adventure_n be_v not_o by_o and_o by_o fortune_n for_o that_o it_o consist_v in_o thing_n without_o action_n again_o fortune_n be_v proper_o in_o action_n of_o reasonable_a creature_n but_o adventure_n indifferent_o in_o creature_n as_o well_o unreasonable_a as_o reasonable_a yea_o and_o in_o those_o body_n which_o have_v neither_o life_n nor_o soul_n epicurus_n say_v that_o fortune_n be_v a_o cause_n which_o will_v not_o stand_v and_o accord_n with_o person_n time_n and_o manner_n anaxagoras_n and_o the_o stoic_n affirm_v it_o to_o be_v a_o cause_n unknown_a and_o hide_a to_o humane_a reason_n for_o that_o some_o thing_n come_v by_o necessity_n other_o by_o fatal_a destiny_n some_o by_o deliberate_a counsel_n other_o by_o fortune_n and_o some_o again_o by_o casuality_n or_o adventure_n chap._n xxx_o of_o nature_n 〈◊〉_d hold_v that_o nature_n be_v nothing_o only_o that_o there_o be_v a_o mixture_n and_o divulsion_n or_o separation_n of_o element_n for_o in_o this_o manner_n write_v he_o in_o the_o first_o book_n of_o his_o physics_n this_o one_o thing_n more_o i_o will_v yet_o say_v of_o thing_n that_o be_v humane_a and_o mortal_a mature_a none_o there_o be_v and_o death_n end_n be_v but_o vain_a amixture_n and_o divulsion_n of_o element_n and_o of_o all_o only_o there_o be_v and_o this_o be_v that_o which_o man_n do_v nature_n call_v semblable_o anaxagoras_n say_v that_o nature_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o concretion_n and_o dissipation_n that_o be_v to_o say_v generation_n and_o corruption_n the_o second_o book_n of_o philosopher_n opinion_n the_o prooeme_n have_v now_o finish_v the_o treatise_n of_o principle_n element_n and_o such_o other_o matter_n link_v and_o concur_v with_o they_o i_o will_v turn_v my_o pen_n unto_o the_o discourse_n as_o touch_v their_o effect_n and_o work_n compose_v of_o they_o begin_v first_o at_o that_o which_o be_v most_o spacious_a and_o capable_a of_o all_o thing_n chap._n i._o of_o the_o world_n pythagoras_n be_v the_o first_o who_o call_v the_o roundle_n that_o contain_v and_o comprehend_v all_o to_o wit_n the_o world_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o the_o orderly_a digestion_n observe_v therein_o thales_n and_o his_o disciple_n hold_v that_o there_o be_v but_o one_o world_n democritus_n epicurus_n and_o their_o scholar_n metrodorus_n affirm_v that_o there_o be_v innumerable_a world_n in_o a_o infinite_a space_n according_a to_o all_o dimension_n and_o circumstance_n empedocles_n say_v that_o the_o course_n and_o race_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v the_o very_a circumscription_n of_o the_o bound_n and_o limit_n of_o the_o world_n and_o that_o it_o be_v the_o very_a confinement_n thereof_o seleucus_z hold_v the_o world_n to_o be_v infinite_a diogenes_n affirm_v the_o universality_n to_o be_v infinite_a but_o the_o world_n finite_a and_o determinate_a the_o stoic_n put_v a_o difference_n between_o universal_a and_o whole_a for_o they_o say_v that_o the_o universal_a together_o with_o voidnesse_n be_v infinite_a and_o that_o the_o whole_a without_o voidnes_n be_v the_o world_n so_o as_o these_o term_n the_o whole_a and_o the_o world_n be_v not_o both_o one_o chap._n ii_o of_o the_o figure_n and_o form_n of_o the_o world_n the_o stoic_n affirm_v the_o world_n to_o be_v round_o some_o say_v it_o be_v point_v or_o piramidall_a other_o that_o it_o be_v fashion_v in_o manner_n of_o a_o egg_n but_o epicurus_n hold_v that_o his_o world_n may_v be_v round_o and_o it_o may_v be_v that_o they_o be_v apt_a beside_o to_o receive_v other_o form_n chap._n iii_o whether_o the_o world_n be_v animate_v or_o endue_v with_o a_o soul_n all_o other_o philosopher_n agree_v that_o the_o world_n be_v animate_v &_o govern_v by_o providence_n but_o democritus_n epicurus_n and_o as_o many_o as_o maintain_v atom_n and_o with_o all_o bring_v in_o vacuity_n that_o it_o be_v neither_o animate_v nor_o govern_v by_o providence_n but_o by_o a_o certain_a nature_n void_a of_o reason_n aristotle_n hold_v that_o it_o be_v not_o animate_v whole_o and_o throughout_o all_o part_n nor_o sensitive_a nor_o reasonable_a nor_o yet_o intellectual_a or_o direct_v by_o providence_n true_a it_o be_v quoth_v he_o that_o celestial_a body_n be_v capable_a of_o all_o these_o quality_n as_o be_v compass_v about_o with_o sphere_n both_o animate_v and_o vital_a whereas_o body_n terrestrial_a and_o approach_v near_o unto_o the_o earth_n be_v endue_v with_o none_o of_o they_o and_o as_o for_o the_o order_n and_o decent_a composition_n therein_o it_o come_v by_o accident_n and_o not_o by_o prepense_a reason_n and_o counsel_n chap._n four_o whether_o the_o world_n be_v incorruptible_a and_o eternal_a pythagoras_n and_o plato_n affirm_v that_o the_o world_n be_v engender_v and_o make_v by_o god_n and_o of_o the_o own_o nature_n be_v corruptible_a shall_v perish_v for_o sensible_a it_o be_v and_o therefore_o corporal_a howbeit_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o divine_a providence_n which_o preserve_v and_o maintain_v it_o perish_v it_o shall_v never_o epicurus_n say_v that_o it_o be_v corruptible_a for_o that_o it_o be_v engender_v like_v as_o a_o live_a creature_n or_o a_o plant_n xenophane_v hold_v the_o world_n to_o be_v eternal_a ingenerable_a uncreated_a and_o incorruptible_a aristotle_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o part_n of_o the_o world_n under_o the_o moon_n be_v passable_a wherein_o the_o body_n also_o adjacent_a to_o the_o earth_n be_v subject_a to_o corruption_n chap._n v._o whereof_o the_o world_n be_v nourish_v aristotle_n say_v that_o if_o the_o world_n be_v nourish_v it_o be_v
likewise_o corruptible_a and_o will_v perish_v but_o so_o it_o be_v that_o it_o have_v no_o need_n of_o nouriture_n and_o so_o by_o consequence_n it_o be_v eternal_a plato_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o world_n yield_v unto_o itself_o nouriture_n of_o that_o which_o perish_v by_o way_n of_o mutation_n philolaus_n affirm_v that_o there_o be_v a_o twofold_a corruption_n one_o while_o by_o fire_n fall_v from_o heaven_n and_o another_o while_n by_o water_n of_o the_o moon_n pour_v 〈◊〉_d by_o the_o 〈◊〉_d and_o turn_v about_o of_o the_o air_n the_o exhalation_n whereof_o become_v the_o food_n of_o the_o world_n chap._n vi_o at_o which_o element_n begin_v god_n the_o fabric_n of_o the_o world_n the_o naturalist_n do_v hold_v that_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n begin_v at_o earth_n as_o the_o very_a centre_n thereof_o for_o that_o the_o begin_n of_o a_o sphere_n or_o ball_n be_v the_o centre_n pythagoras_n say_v that_o it_o begin_v at_o fire_n and_o the_o five_o element_n empedocles_n say_v that_o the_o first_o thing_n separate_v apart_o be_v the_o sky_n or_o five_o essence_n call_v aether_n the_o second_o fire_n after_o which_o the_o earth_n of_o which_o be_v thrust_v close_o and_o press_v together_o by_o the_o violence_n of_o revolution_n spring_v water_n from_o which_o air_n do_v evaporate_v also_o that_o heaven_n be_v make_v of_o that_o sky_n or_o quintessence_n the_o sun_n of_o fire_n and_o of_o the_o other_o element_n be_v constipate_v and_o felt_v as_o it_o be_v terrestrial_a body_n and_o such_o as_o be_v near_o the_o earth_n plato_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o this_o visible_a world_n be_v form_v to_o the_o mould_n and_o pattern_n of_o the_o intellectual_a that_o of_o the_o visible_a world_n the_o soul_n be_v first_o make_v and_o after_o it_o that_o which_o be_v corpulent_a that_o of_o the_o fire_n and_o earth_n first_o that_o which_o stand_v of_o water_n and_o air_n second_o pythagoras_n affirm_v that_o of_o the_o five_o solid_a body_n which_o be_v also_o call_v mathematical_a the_o cube_n that_o be_v to_o say_v asquare_n body_n with_o six_o face_n go_v to_o the_o make_n of_o the_o earth_n of_o the_o point_a pyramid_n be_v make_v fire_n of_o octoedra_n or_o solid_a body_n with_o eight_o base_n the_o earth_n of_o icosiedra_n with_o twenty_o side_n the_o water_n of_o dodecaedra_n with_o twelve_o face_n the_o supreme_a sphere_n of_o the_o universal_a world_n and_o himself_o herein_o also_o do_v pythagorize_v chap._n vii_o of_o the_o order_n of_o the_o world_n fabric_n parmenides_n imagine_v certain_a coronet_n as_o it_o be_v interlace_v one_o within_o another_o some_o of_o a_o rare_a substance_n other_o of_o a_o thick_a and_o the_o same_o mix_v of_o light_n and_o darkness_n between_o also_o that_o the_o body_n which_o contain_v they_o all_o together_o be_v as_o firm_a and_o solid_a as_o a_o wall_n leucippus_n and_o democrirus_n enwrap_v the_o world_n round_o about_o with_o a_o tunicle_n or_o membrane_n epicurus_n hold_v that_o the_o extremity_n of_o some_o world_n be_v rare_a of_o other_o thick_a and_o that_o of_o they_o some_o be_v movable_a other_o immovable_a plato_n set_v down_o fire_n first_o second_o the_o sky_n then_o air_n afterward_o water_n and_o last_o of_o all_o earth_n but_o otherwhiles_o he_o conjoin_v the_o sky_n unto_o fire_n aristotle_n range_v in_o the_o first_o place_n the_o impassable_a air_n which_o be_v a_o certain_a five_o body_n and_o after_o it_o the_o element_n passable_a to_o wit_n fire_n aire_n water_n and_o earth_n the_o last_o of_o all_o which_o unto_o the_o celestial_a body_n he_o attribute_v a_o circular_a motion_n and_o of_o the_o other_o situate_v beneath_o they_o unto_o the_o light_a kind_n the_o ascent_n or_o rise_v upward_o unto_o the_o weighty_a descent_n or_o settle_v downward_o empedocles_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o place_n of_o the_o element_n be_v not_o always_o steadie_a and_o certain_a but_o that_o they_o all_o interchange_n mutual_o one_o with_o another_o chap._n viii_o what_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o the_o world_n bend_v or_o cope_v forward_o diogenes_n and_o anaxagoras_n affirm_v that_o after_o the_o world_n be_v make_v and_o that_o live_a creature_n be_v produce_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n the_o world_n bow_v i_o wot_v not_o how_o of_o itself_o and_o of_o the_o own_o accord_n to_o the_o southern_a or_o meridional_a part_n thereof_o haply_o by_o the_o divine_a providence_n so_o order_v all_o that_o some_o part_n of_o the_o world_n shall_v be_v habitable_a other_o inhabitable_a according_a to_o excessive_a cold_a extreme_a heat_n and_o a_o mean_a temperature_n of_o both_o empedocles_n say_v that_o by_o reason_n that_o the_o air_n give_v place_n to_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o sun_n the_o two_o bear_n or_o pole_n antarctic_a bend_v and_o incline_v as_o for_o those_o part_n which_o be_v northerly_a they_o be_v elevate_v and_o mount_v aloft_o but_o the_o southern_a coast_n be_v depress_v and_o debase_v as_o much_o and_o so_o according_o the_o whole_a world_n chap._n ix_o whether_o without_o the_o world_n there_o be_v any_o vacuity_n the_o school_n of_o pythagoras_n hold_v that_o there_o be_v a_o voidnesse_n without_o the_o world_n to_o which_o and_o out_o of_o which_o the_o world_n do_v draw_v breath_n but_o the_o stoic_n affirm_v that_o into_o it_o the_o infinite_a world_n by_o way_n of_o conflagration_n be_v resolve_v posidonius_n admit_v no_o other_o infinity_n than_o as_o much_o as_o be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o dissolution_n thereof_o in_o the_o first_o book_n of_o vacuity_n aristotle_n say_v there_o be_v voidnesse_n plato_n affirm_v that_o there_o be_v no_o emptiness_n at_o all_o either_o without_o or_o within_o the_o world_n chap._n x._o what_o be_v the_o right_a side_n and_o which_o be_v the_o left_a in_o regard_n of_o the_o world_n pythagoras_n plato_n and_o aristotle_n do_v take_v the_o east_n for_o the_o right_a part_n and_o the_o west_n for_o the_o left_a empedocles_n say_v that_o the_o right_a side_n bend_v towards_o the_o summer_n tropic_a and_o the_o leave_v towards_o the_o tropic_a of_o winter_n chap._n xi_o of_o heaven_n and_o what_o be_v the_o substance_n thereof_o anaximenes_n affirm_v the_o exterior_a circumference_n of_o heaven_n to_o be_v earthy_a empedocles_n say_v that_o heaven_n be_v solid_a be_v make_v of_o air_n condensate_a by_o fire_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o crystal_n and_o that_o it_o contain_v the_o fiery_a and_o airy_a nature_n in_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o hemisphere_n aristotle_n hold_v that_o heaven_n be_v compose_v of_o the_o five_o body_n above_o fire_n or_o else_o of_o the_o mixture_n of_o heat_n and_o cold_a chap._n xii_o of_o the_o division_n of_o heaven_n and_o namely_o into_o how_o many_o circle_n it_o be_v divide_v thales_n and_o pythagoras_n with_o his_o follower_n do_v say_v that_o the_o sphere_n of_o the_o whole_a heaven_n be_v part_v into_o five_o circle_n which_o they_o call_v certain_a zone_n cincture_n or_o girdle_n of_o which_o circle_n one_o be_v call_v the_o arctic_a and_o be_v always_o to_o be_v see_v of_o we_o a_o second_o the_o summer_n tropic_n a_o three_o aequinoctial_a the_o four_o winter_n tropic_n and_o the_o five_o the_o antarctic_a circle_n which_o be_v evermore_o unseen_a as_o atouching_a the_o oblique_a or_o crooked_a circle_n call_v the_o zodiac_n which_o lie_v under_o the_o other_o three_o middle_a circle_n above_o name_v it_o touch_v they_o all_o three_o as_o it_o pass_v and_o every_o of_o they_o be_v cut_v in_o right_a angle_n by_o the_o meridian_n which_o go_v from_o pole_n to_o pole_n pythagoras_n be_v the_o first_o man_n say_v that_o observe_v the_o obliquity_n of_o the_o zodiac_n which_o invention_n nevertheless_o oenopides_n the_o chian_a ascribe_v to_o himself_o as_o if_o he_o be_v the_o author_n of_o it_o chap._n xiii_o what_o be_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o star_n and_o how_o they_o be_v make_v and_o compose_v thales_n affirm_v they_o to_o be_v terrestrial_a and_o nathlesse_a fiery_a and_o ardent_a empedocles_n hold_v they_o to_o be_v inflame_v by_o that_o fire_n which_o the_o sky_n contain_v within_o itself_o do_v violent_o strike_v and_o send_v forth_o at_o the_o first_o excretion_n anaxagoras_n say_v that_o the_o sky_n which_o environ_v be_v indeed_o of_o the_o own_o essence_n of_o a_o fiery_a nature_n but_o by_o the_o violent_a revolution_n of_o itself_o snatch_v up_o stone_n from_o the_o earth_n and_o set_v they_o on_o 〈◊〉_d they_o become_v star_n diogenes_n think_v that_o star_n be_v of_o the_o substance_n of_o a_o pumish_a stone_n as_o be_v be_v the_o breathe_a hole_n of_o the_o world_n and_o again_o the_o same_o philosopher_n say_v that_o they_o be_v certain_a blinde-stone_n not_o apparent_a howbeit_o fall_v often_o to_o the_o earth_n be_v there_o quench_v as_o it_o happen_v in_o a_o place_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v to_o
it_o such_o be_v their_o deformity_n and_o inequality_n it_o appear_v plain_o that_o he_o make_v these_o body_n in_o some_o sort_n to_o have_v a_o be_v and_o subsistence_n before_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n contrariwise_o when_o he_o say_v that_o the_o body_n be_v young_a than_o the_o soul_n and_o that_o the_o world_n be_v make_v and_o create_v in_o as_o much_o as_o the_o same_o be_v visible_a and_o palpable_a as_o have_v a_o body_n and_o that_o all_o thing_n appear_v so_o as_o they_o be_v when_o they_o be_v once_o make_v and_o create_v manifest_a it_o be_v and_o every_o man_n may_v see_v that_o he_o attribute_v a_o kind_n of_o nativity_n to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o body_n and_o vet_n for_o all_o that_o far_o be_v he_o off_o from_o be_v contradictory_n and_o repugnant_a to_o himself_o so_o notorious_o and_o that_o in_o the_o most_o main_a point_n for_o it_o be_v not_o the_o same_o body_n nor_o of_o the_o same_o sort_n which_o he_o say_v be_v create_v by_o god_n and_o to_o have_v be_v before_o it_o be_v for_o that_o be_v direct_o the_o case_n of_o some_o mount-banke_n or_o juggle_a enchanter_n but_o himself_o show_v unto_o we_o what_o we_o be_v to_o understand_v by_o this_o generation_n or_o creation_n for_o before_o time_n quoth_v he_o all_o that_o be_v in_o the_o world_n be_v without_o order_n measure_n and_o proportion_n but_o after_o that_o the_o universal_a world_n begin_v to_o be_v fashion_v and_o bring_v into_o some_o decent_a form_n whereas_o he_o find_v the_o fire_n first_o the_o water_n the_o earth_n and_o the_o 〈◊〉_d pell_o mell_o in_o the_o same_o place_n and_o yet_o have_v some_o show_n and_o token_n what_o they_o be_v but_o confuse_o huddle_v every_o where_o as_o a_o man_n may_v well_o think_v that_o every_o thing_n must_v needs_o be_v so_o where_o god_n be_v absent_a in_o this_o case_n as_o they_o be_v then_o god_n i_o say_v find_v they_o first_o bring_v the_o same_o into_o frame_n and_o fashion_n by_o the_o mean_n of_o form_n and_o number_n furthermore_o have_v say_v before_o that_o it_o be_v the_o work_n not_o of_o one_o only_a proportion_n but_o of_o twain_o to_o join_v and_o frame_v together_o the_o fabric_n of_o the_o world_n a_o solid_a mass_n as_o it_o be_v and_o carry_v a_o depth_n and_o thickness_n with_o it_o and_o declare_v moreover_o that_o god_n after_o he_o have_v bestow_v water_n and_o air_n between_o fire_n and_o earth_n conjoin_v withal_o and_o frame_v the_o heaven_n together_o with_o they_o of_o these_o thing_n quoth_v he_o such_o as_o they_o be_v and_o four_o in_o number_n the_o body_n of_o the_o world_n be_v in_o engender_v agreeable_a in_o proportion_n and_o entertain_v amity_n by_o that_o mean_n insomuch_o as_o be_v once_o thus_o unite_v and_o compact_v there_o be_v nothing_o that_o can_v make_v disunion_n or_o dissolution_n but_o he_o alone_o who_o first_o limit_v and_o bring_v all_o together_o teach_v we_o hereby_o most_o plain_o that_o god_n be_v the_o father_n and_o author_n not_o of_o 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and_o jupiter_n to_o be_v blame_v if_o either_o he_o cause_v vice_n as_o a_o thing_n unprofitable_a or_o punish_v it_o when_o he_o have_v make_v it_o not_o unprofitable_o moreover_o in_o the_o first_o book_n of_o justice_n speak_v of_o the_o god_n that_o they_o oppose_v themselves_o against_o the_o iniquity_n of_o some_o but_o whole_o quoth_v he_o to_o cut_v off_o all_o vice_n be_v neither_o possible_a nor_o expedient_a be_v it_o if_o it_o be_v possible_a to_o take_v away_o all_o injustice_n all_o transgression_n of_o law_n and_o all_o folly_n but_o how_o true_a this_o be_v it_o pertain_v not_o to_o this_o present_a treatise_n for_o to_o inquire_v and_o discourse_v but_o himself_o take_v away_o and_o root_a up_o all_o vice_n as_o much_o as_o lay_v in_o he_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o philosophy_n which_o to_o extirp_v be_v neither_o good_a nor_o expedient_a do_v herein_o that_o which_o be_v repugnant_a both_o to_o reason_n and_o also_o to_o god_n furthermore_n in_o say_v that_o there_o 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so_o say_v namely_o the_o occupation_n or_o take_v up_o of_o the_o middle_a place_n wherein_o it_o stand_v because_o it_o be_v in_o the_o mid_n for_o if_o it_o be_v think_v otherwise_o to_o be_v found_v it_o be_v altogether_o necessary_a that_o some_o corruption_n shall_v take_v hold_n of_o it_o and_o again_o a_o little_a after_o for_o even_o so_o in_o some_o sort_n have_v that_o essence_n be_v ordain_v from_o all_o eternity_n to_o occupy_v the_o middle_a region_n be_v present_o at_o the_o very_a first_o such_o as_o if_o not_o by_o another_o manner_n yet_o by_o attain_v this_o place_n it_o be_v eternal_a and_o subject_a to_o no_o corruption_n these_o word_n contain_v one_o manifest_a repugnance_n and_o visible_a contrariety_n consider_v that_o in_o they_o he_o admit_v and_o allow_v in_o that_o which_o be_v infinite_a a_o middle_a place_n but_o there_o be_v a_o second_o also_o which_o as_o it_o be_v more_o dark_a and_o obscure_a so_o it_o imply_v also_o a_o more_o monstrous_a 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to_o athens_n to_o see_v fair_a boy_n and_o to_o converse_v and_o go_v up_o and_o down_o with_o they_o for_o to_o say_v a_o truth_n the_o chief_a cause_n why_o protogenes_n make_v a_o voyage_n out_o of_o his_o own_o country_n and_o become_v a_o traveller_n be_v at_o the_o first_o this_o and_o no_o other_o here_o at_o the_o company_n take_v up_o a_o laughter_n and_o protogenes_n think_v you_o quoth_v he_o that_o i_o war_v not_o against_o love_n and_o not_o rather_o stand_v in_o the_o defence_n of_o love_n against_o lascivious_a wantonness_n and_o violent_a intemperance_n which_o by_o most_o shameful_a act_n and_o filthy_a passion_n will_v perforce_o challenge_v and_o break_v into_o the_o fair_a most_o honest_a and_o venerable_a name_n that_o be_v why_o quoth_v daphnaeus_n then_o do_v you_o term_v marriage_n and_o the_o secret_a of_o marriage_n to_o wit_n the_o lawful_a conjunction_n of_o man_n and_o wife_n most_o vile_a and_o dishonest_a action_n than_o which_o there_o can_v be_v no_o 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be_v of_o opinion_n for_o the_o natural_a puissance_n to_o engender_v &_o to_o preserve_v move_v towards_o he_o as_o to_o a_o subsistence_n and_o be_v whereas_o that_o force_n of_o kill_v &_o destroy_v move_v behind_o towards_o non_fw-la subsistence_n which_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o they_o call_v the_o one_o isis_n that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o motion_n animate_v and_o wise_a as_o if_o the_o word_n be_v derive_v of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o signify_v to_o move_v by_o a_o certain_a science_n and_o reason_n for_o a_o barbarous_a word_n it_o be_v not_o but_o like_a as_o the_o general_a name_n of_o all_o god_n and_o goddess_n to_o wit_n theos_n be_v derive_v of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v to_o say_v of_o visible_a and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d
the_o tyrant_n demylus_n and_o have_v no_o good_a success_n therein_o but_o miss_v of_o his_o purpose_n maintain_v the_o doctrine_n of_o parmenides_n to_o be_v pure_a and_o fine_a gold_n try_v in_o the_o fire_n from_o all_o base_a metal_n show_v by_o the_o effect_n that_o a_o magnanimous_a man_n be_v to_o fear_v nothing_o but_o turpitude_n and_o dishonour_n and_o that_o they_o be_v child_n and_o woman_n or_o else_o effeminate_a and_o heartless_a man_n like_o woman_n who_o be_v afraid_a of_o dolour_n and_o pain_n for_o have_v bite_v off_o his_o tongue_n with_o his_o own_o tooth_n he_o spit_v it_o in_o the_o tyrant_n face_n but_o out_o of_o the_o school_n of_o epicurus_n and_o of_o those_o who_o follow_v his_o rule_n and_o doctrine_n i_o do_v not_o ask_v what_o tyrant_n killer_n there_o be_v or_o valiant_a man_n and_o victorious_a in_o feat_n of_o arm_n what_o lawgiver_n what_o counsellor_n what_o king_n or_o governor_n of_o state_n either_o die_v or_o suffer_v torture_n for_o the_o 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