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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A09830	A disputation against the adoration of the reliques of saints departed Wherein nine palpable abuses are discouvered, committed by the popish Priests in the veneration thereof. Together with, the refutation of a Iesuiticall epistle, and an index of the reliques, vvhich euery seuenth yeere, are shovvne at Avvcon in Germanie vnto the superstitious people and pilgrimes, compiled by the canons of S. Maries Church an. 1608. By Iohn Polyander Professour of Diuinitie in the Vniuersitie of Leyden in Holland, & translated by Henry Heham, out of French into English.	Polyander à Kerckhoven, Johannes, 1568-1646.; Hexham, Henry, 1585?-1650?	1611 (1611)	STC 20095; ESTC S119215	57,951	182

denieth that S. Ireneues corps was burned at Lyon● or that his ashes were cast into the Rosne I say againe that this accusatiō of theirs it false because they impute to the first Reformers of our age whom wronfully they tearme Innovators of religion the insolences committed by some vndiscreet souldiers in the beginning of the troubles without their councel or avouchment For they were so farre from exhorting thē to burne the bodies of the Saints or to throw their ashes into riuers that cōtrariwise they preached against such outrages and admonished their anditorie therein to followe the example of the auncient Fathers and that euery man was obliged to lay them into the Earth and honorably to burie the bones and ashes of those whom God had taken out of this world The fift fault is they ranck amonge the nomber of the first founders of their Catholique religion the Emperor Charles the great who approoued not all the point● thereof For sundty Historians yea and his booke which he wrot against the second Councell of Nice shewes euidently that hee condemned the decree of that Councell for the worshipping of images calling it a most impudent tradition and a foolish and prophane invention comming neere vnto that infidelitie which alwaies keeps her Adorers in errour Touching their allegation of the double diligence which many towns provinces vsed in searching out and in honoring the reliques of the deceased Saincts wee reply that wee are not bound to follow the customes of men but onely the rule of diuine law which neither hath enjoyned vs nor our fathers vnto any such superstitious worshipping of reliques Let vs now proceed forward to see what these Canons of Awcon cann say vnto vs in the third part of their Epistle The third parte of this Iesuiticall Epistle This abundant liberalitie of God say they seemeth noe new thing to those that are read in holy writ and Historie because they know that by S. Peters shadow though nothing seemeth more vain and by the kerchiefs and hād kerchiefs which they brought frō S. Pauls body all sorts of griefs presently most happily haue be● driuen from diseased boddies the infernal Spirit● cast foorth of their Soules From which example th● Godly custome of our ancestours proceeded tha● in immitating Ioseph of ●●rimathea Nicodemu● represented by the bodies of our Lord Iesus Christ and S. Stephen they vsually wrapped vp the most precious reliques of their Church in silken clothes which they called Sāctuaires of holy coverleds as ecclesiasticall historiās write the which they haue since distributed sent abroad according to the anciēt custom of the church to such as through piety and loue vnto religiō desired thē in such sort that the Romane church hath not bestowed noe other reliques vppon Emperours or any other great personnages whatsoeuer thā such sanctuaires and Couverleds as appeareth by the letters pope Hormisda wrote vnto his Embassadours and vnto Iustinian the Emperour And to the end those Sanctuaires might bee in the greater request amonge vs it pleased the diuine goodnesse as it euidēt to māy of our church to illustrate manifest thē through the operation of many great miracles so much the more because that without this meanes they could not satiate the pietie which was kindled in many Now this custōe of going on pilgrimage towards thee places renowned for their reliques and other memorialls of the Saincts was brought vp in Christēdō frō the first age of the Catholique church in that time whē she had some rest from the oppression of Tyrants and other perverse Ennemies of the faith And because we wil not here speake of the Ceremonies of the anciēt law wherby euery one was enjoyned to goe yearely on pilgrimage to the feasts as God himself had cōmāded it many other most religious personages yea Chris● himself his most holy parēts accomplished it with so great a zeale of going on pilgrimage principally vnto the holy places of the land of Iudea which zeale was kindled also in the hearts of mē after Christs death in immitating their ancestours as the testimonie of diuine write and S. Hierome also speaking vpon this matter doth auouche that all the wordes in the holy Scripture recommend to vs this godly worke And in another place they runne hither saith he from al the corners of the Earth the citie is full of all sorts of people c. But chiefly with those which hold the highest degrees of honour in this world meet here with one accord And verely our Patron Charles of most holy and famous memorie withour producing any other examples at this present of any other Emperours most noble parsonages who were so much giuen vnto the exercise of these holy pilgrimmages that oftentimes they went a foote to Rome onely to excercise thēselves in this godly worke And haue attributed so great honor vnto S. Peters Cathedrall church at Rome as they haue kissed the very stares thereof one after another So that one may say of him these Emperours that which Austin heretofore obiected against the Idolaters of Madaure ye se that the highest dignity of the most noble Empire supplicates with an humble crowne by the Sepulchre of S. Peter the fisher The like also haue ben found in Englād Dēmarke Frāce Splayne who being touched with this desire of pilgrimages discharging thēselfs for the present fro● al the affaires of their earthly kingdomes transported themselfes thither-wards through a long daungerous weary some way to honour there their hevenly King after the example of the three Kings which came to honour the cradell of our Lord Iesus Christ. Also many other Christians haue done the same whose ordinarie custome was eftsoones to visite the places which were destined for the holy memorials sepuleres to the end that as it is written of the virgin marie their inward loue might be nourished by holy signes inflamed with the more loue of devotion through the most joyfull contemplation of the Saincts tombes reliques For this hath alwaies ben found by experience confirmed by the testimony of all antiquity that through these pilgrimages through this great flocking and godlynes of the people a new zeale began to kindle in our spirits togeather with the piety reverēce we bore to these holy things and also new desires to liue well and to immitate the Saints in our life and manners And loe next vnto the glory of God the chiefest ende of our pilgrimages which God so specially demādeth of vs was because as S. Augustin saith the bodies of the Martirs haue ben giuen vs to awaken vs vnto the excercise of devotion through the admonition of the places by the presence of these holy pledgs For the holy place as this Father exhorteth vs reneweth encreaseth our former affections whē as through the advertisment of the places it is manifested raiseth it self vp by wheating our charitie aswell towards those whome we are to imitate as

other employements hee thought good not to limit mee any prefixed time but that I should vndertake finish this worke at my leisure This is the cause that I haue made noe great hast in composing this treatise which I haue distributed into three partes In the scope there of I haue followed the order the example of the ancient Prophets and Apostles as also their true Successours and Imitatours who haue all maintained with one common accord that God onely ought to be worshipped by his people will not haue this seruice giuen to anie other by the authentique and irreprehensible testimonies of holy Scripture the which God hath armed with an inviolable authoritie to the end that those which feare him might make noe scruple to receive it wholy and to giue full beliefe therevnto True it is that I haue annexed vnto it some attestations of the ancient Fathers not to approoue the foolish imagination of the Romanists but that the holy Scripture maye take more force credit seeing she hath receiued it alreadie frō God who is the authour thereof or that the trueth of it which is infalliable should depende vpon the advise and jugement of our ancestours predecessours which might erre but rather to shewe the Doctours of the Romane church who relye more vpon the authority of men then vpon Gods in the poincts which concerne our controversies that their condēnation is not onely found in the decrees of divine Law but also in the recordes of the pastours of the primitiue Church yea euen in theirs whome they choose for their Iudges and defendaunts I call the Epistle of these Canons Iesuiticall in the beginning of my disputation because after I had conferred it with Bellarmins booke the first tutour of these Iesuites vpon this subject I finde it is but a patching together of his argumēts whereby he sought to prooue the worshipping of the reliques of Saincts I meant not to vse in the resutation of their Epistle anie elegant speech or anie circumlocution and readiousnesse in wordes because the trueth without borrowing else where hath ornaments enough in her self and when shee is simple and in her naked robes shee taketh the more delight in such as fetts her foorth represents her before the view of al men in roundnesse and simplicitie Forasmuch then as wee cannot resist to much nor too often the heresies which daylie multiplie in this wicked worlde especially the foolish superstition of those which would attribute to the reliques of mortall man the honour belonging vnto the sole maiestie of the immortall God although that Calvin Chemnicius and some other excellent Divines haue taken penn in hand to oppose themselues against the first inventours and advancers of this Idolatrie yet I haue also thought it my duty to giue foorth this disputation against the new protecters of this superstition and in particular against the Canons of Awcō because it may be availeable to the Christiā church as S. Augustine saith that manie bookes be writtē vpon one subject prouided that they be made in diversity of stile but not in diuersity of beliefe seeing that by this meanes heretickes are the more convicted and on the otherside wee open the more passages for the Children of God to escape from the call and out of the snares of these fowlers offer them sundry sorts of counterpoysons to preserue their braines from the venoume of their Sophistrie As for the rest there are manie considerations which mooued mee to dedicate this treatise vnto you For I will not here speake of that holy zeale which made you expose your person and goods from your youth aswel in the defence of our iust cause at S Amands and in some other places adioyning therevnto wherein you bore the brunt of the first persecutiō as for the preseruation of our Churches here in these Vnited Provinces so long as it pleased the Lord of Hosts to maintain you in the gouvernement of the Towne of Sluce so long as your age would permit you to continew in that of Nemegen and to follow his Excellencie with your foote Regiment in manie feiges assaults admirable recouverings of manie Townes and fortes brought vnder the obedience of our Superiours in the face of our enemies Neither will I speake of that zeale and your other virtues which recommendes you among the gentlemen of our Common-weale and in perticular among vs for which I must acknowledge my self indebted to testifie the same publikly in the name of the members of our Church that for this respect we honor you and your like who loues true godlinesse with their hearts and seeke to worship with vs our onely God and heauenly Father in spirit and trueth Beside hauing knowne in sundrie sortes your singular fauour and beneuolence towardes mee and mine for which I feele my self obliged to present you with this small gift in acknowledgement thereof Wherevnto also your comendable resolution hath moued me in consecrating the rest of your aged daies in the lecture of ecclesiasticall bookes and your capacitie in iudging well of our disputations against the traditions of the papisticall Doctors and cheifly in this vpon the reliques of the Saincts departed For as in the daies of your ignorāce you haue seen the abuse of this superstition quickly after your conversion manifested vnto the worlde that you had it in abhominatiō so having as it were this smal treatise alreadie printed your heart I assure my self that yow will approue it and will finde that whatsoeuer I haue alledged therin is grounded vpon the experience of trueth the instruction of the Orthodoxe Fathers and the authoritie of the holy Scripture In confidence whereof I offer vnto you this memoriall as a token of the affection I beare to your L. beseeching the Lord who after the triall of a daūgerous prisō noe lesse couragious thē a long resistance against the allarmes pernicious enterprises of our adversaries hath at last trāsported you frō your gouvernmēt of the Citie of Nemegē in which our most illustrate LL. wold willingly haue held you still into this Citie of Dordrecht to liue here among vs for the more tranquility ease of your agednesse overworn weakened through the travels and wearisomenesse of the warres It will please him MONSIEVR To establish your heart in the assurance of his grace towards those which reverence him by the remembrance of so manie notable deliverances victories which he hath giuē in our time to our Churches to fortifie you with constancie to perseuer with vs in the sole invocation of his blessed name for the repose of your soule the advancemēt of his glory From my studie this 2. of Septem 1611. Your most humble servant and most affectionate brother in Christ our Souveraine Lord. Iohn Polyander The Second part of the fifth Psalme put into French meeter by Cl. M. 6 Ta fureurperd extermine Finalementious les menteurs Quant'aux meurtriers decepteurs Celui qui terre Ciel

be buried so soone as they arrived in the land of Canaan in a field which Abraham Iacob had bought before time of the sonns of Hamor the father of Sechem Also the Prophet Samuel sheweth vs that K. Dauid hauing taken the bones of Saul and Ionathan frō the inhabitants of Gabish Gilead which had taken them vp from the streete of Beth-shan brought them from thence into the contrey of Beniamin caused thē to be buried in the sepulchre of Kis the father of Saul and that in the Solemnizatiō of their funeralls his subjects did all that the King cōmanded them but there is no mention made of any pilgrimage or any religious seruice which they should doe in honour of thē about their Sepulchre Likewise in the second booke of kings the Authour of this Historie writeth that King Iosiah willing to prophane the Altar which King Ieroboham had caused to be built in Bethel and to dishonour eternally the Priests other Idolaters which he had maintained there caused the bones of the false priests other their confederates to be digged vp cōmanding them to burne thē vppon the same Altar But on the contrary espying an other Tombe in the same Cittie demanded of the cittizēs thereof What title is that which I see hauing vnderstod by their answer that it was the sepulchre of the man of God which before prophesied the things which the sayde King came then to doe vpon that very Altar to shewe the publick reverence he bore vnto that man of God even after his buriall bad the inhabitants of Bethel Let him alone let none remoue his bones whereto this Historiā addeth that the citizens of the said city obeied therein king Iosiahs commandement Although the holy Scriptures giues vs to vnderstand that among all that are borne of woemē God hath not raised vp more excellēt servants of his house then Moses and Iohn Baptist nor a more faithfull Martyr of his son Christ Iesus then S. Stephē one of the seaven deacons of the Apostolique Church one of the first witnesses of Christ persecuted in Ierusalem Neueverthelesse their bodies were presently interred after their departure that of Moses by God himself after a miraculous manner in the contrey of Moab in a place vnknowne vnto the children of Israel and inaccessible for the deuil to the end they might not abuse it by Idolatrie that of S. Iohn Baptists by his disciples and S. Stephens by some men that feared God as appeareth by the History of Moses the Gospel according to S. Marke the book of the Acts of the Apostles and the Epistle of S. Iude. Among all the auncient Prophets there is none whose buriall is more memorable then that of the Prophet Elishas in regard it pleased God to raise vp miraculously by touching of his dead and buryed bodie a man which in great hast for feare of their enemies they had cast into the grave of this prophet as we read in the second booke of Kings 2. Chap howbeit the Authour of this historie addeth not for all that that the Priests of the old Testament haue commanded the people of God to resort vnto that tombe to offer vp their praiers and sacrifices or that they instituted any Feasts vpon certain daies in memorie of this miracle or enclosed the bones of this Prophet into a shrine or chose out any expresse place to raise vp some altar in his honour or did perswade any to resort thither from all partes to offer vp there their praiers and sacrifices in the name of the vulgar people as if it were before the face of God himself Morover the prophet Isaiah hauing respect vnto the auncient custome of interring the dead and hiding them in their graues compareth the sepulchres of the righteous vnto bedds to shew by this similitude that wee can doe noe greater pleasure to God nor a greater honour to his wel-beloved Sainctes after their departure then to wrap vp their bodies in the beddes of the Earth to rest there from their labours vntil the day of their resurrection in which Christ wil come to awaken call them vnto him bring them into the possession of life eternall I say moreover that the greatest hypocrits among the last Doctors of Israel to wit the Scribes and Pharises who through hypocrisie and vaine glorie buylt vp the sepulchres of the prophets and repaired the tombles of the righteous stoned massacred to death by their auncestors did not deterre their corpses to dismember them and shew their bones vnto the meaner sort of people or to adorne the Altars of the Tempel of Ierusalem with them but suffered thē to rest in their graues as Christ himself witnesseth in the 23. Chap. of S. Mathews Gospel the 27. verse and the next following Touching the Apostles disciples of our Saviour Christ the historie of his burial shews vs that S. Peter S. Iohn approching neere vnto his sepulchre to see whether he was truly risen or noe found there his kerchief with his linen clothes laied aside but the Euāgelist S. Iohn noteth more expresly that they came thither one after another to behold the more earnestly his hand-kerchief and linnē which he had left behinde him after his resurrectiō addeth not which neverthelesse would have ben soo much the more remarkeable that they either handled thē or bore awaie those reliques with them to shewe them vnto their con-disciples or put them into any shrine or boxe which with out all doubt they would haue done if they had receued any such charg frō ther Mr. or if they could haue gathered by any of his familliar speeches he had with thē before that such a collection transportatiō of his reliques would haue pleased him after his resurrection haue ben as a fitt meanes to confirme their bretheren in the Christian faith As for S. Luke who discribs vnto vs all the memorable acts of the Apostles since the assention of Christ vntil the second yeere of S. Pauls imprisonment at Rome to the intent they might serue as a miror and exsample to all our actions he makes no recitall nor reckons vp in his second booke any of Christs reliques his Parents or faithful Martyrs collected by his Apostles or giuen into the custody of their frends but hee shewes that the christians of his time perseuered with the Apostles in the sincere doctrine of the H. Gospell and in breaking of bread the true reliquaries and memorialls of the instructions suffrances of our sole Redeemer Iesus Christ. In like manner the Apostle S. Peter while he was living would not promisse the faithfull dispersed throughout Pontus Galatia Capadocia Asia and Bithynia to leave after his death any other reliques behinde him thē his Epistles which he wrote vnto them as him self declareth by these wordes that he wold endevour alwaies to wit by his writings that they also might bee able to haue rememberance of those things after his departure I could

Apostles of the holy Martyrs and other excellent personnages renowned for their good life purenesse in doctrine but also to the reliques of the greatest deceivers of the world To begin then with the reliques of S. Francis who for his impiety was condemned by Pope Iohn the 22. as a pervertour of the Christian religion it is written in the booke of Conformities that a woman troubled with the bloody flix for the space of thirteene yeeres was cured thereof by touching the hemme of his gowne and that a blinde man recouvered his sight by touching of his hoode S. Gregory also rehearseth in the first booke of his Dialogues second Chapter That a provost of the monasterie of Funda in Italie called Libertinus having drawne on a stocking of the Abbot S. Honorats mett a woeman that went to burie her Sonne who importuned him with many prayers to raise him from the dead this good prouost graunting her her request laid the stocking ouer her said son and put life into him againe through the vertue thereof He likewise reporteth in the third booke of his Dialogues that in the time of a drought the Citizens of Spoleta made great store of raine to fall vpon their Soile by lifting vp towards heauen the gowne of S. Eutychus Wee knowe also that some woemē with Child following the Counsell of their Monkes haue kissed S. Ioostlings breeches in Flaunders others lifted vp S. Arnoults others haue stradled ouer S. Guerchilous image hoping by this meanes to bee the more safely deliuered of their children Wee are not ignorant likewise that many Idiots of the Romane Church beleeue that there is in the citie of Orleans some residue of the marriage wine of Cana in Galile which never diminisheth although they drinke oftentimes thereof And in our Ladies Church at Rome and at S. Salvader in Spaine some of the morcells of those Loaues wherewith Christ fed fiue thousand persons in the wildernesse which neuer lesseneth although they oftentimes eate their bellies full thereof Moreouer they beleeue that the Prelates of Rome haue in some of their Churches diverse reliques of a wonderfull force and vertue as at S. Iohn Latrans the wastcoate of the Apostle S. Iohn which being heretofore laid ouer three dead bodies made them to rise vp a liue in the field At S. Pauls that crucifix which spake vnto S. Brigit Queene of Sweethland whē shee came to pray in that place At S. Iohn del ' Isle that image of the virgin Maries which at the overflowing of the Tiber could not be spoiled nor her lampe put out with the water At S. Francis the bodie of S. Lodovica a a Romaine lady which doth many miracles At S. Maries Trāspontina a cruci●ix which spake heretofore to S. Peter S. Paul To S. Mary en voy large a small picture of the virgin Maries which hath wrought many miracles At S. Maries laneufve an other small picture of the virgin Maries which was miraculously preserved in the midst of a great fire which burned the other ornaments of this Church At S. Augustins an image of the virgin Maries painted by S. Luke which did also many miracles in the time of pope Innocent the eight At S. Martins a gowne which the virgin Mary made for her sonne Christ Iesus in his minority which miraculously groweth to the same stature as himself grew In S. Pontials Church-yeard an host consecrated by a Priest singing masse in the Chappel which because he doubted whether it was the body of Christ sprung out of his hand in a wonderfull manner and falling vppon the ground made a marke of blood which is to be seene within a litle grate of iron yet vnto this day A jest not vnlike to that of the Iesuits and advocats of that horrible conspiracie of Garnet and of his complices against the Crowne of the King of great Britanie who were so impudent as this wise King accuseth them thereof in the preface of his Apologie dedicated to the Emperour all other Princes in Christendō that thy were not ashamed to say and write that after the execution of that Traitor quartered with his cōfederats in London a woman found a straw tinctured with a dropp of bloode which sprunge from the body of of this traitour and was miraculously metamorphosed into the resemblance of his head chopt off with a crowne set vpon it But as this deceit was soone after discouvered and manifested to the world aswell by the penn of this King and Solomon of our age as by the art of his painters who according to his Maiesties desire drew a picture vpon a straw and a drop of blood taken from some other body like vnto the same in all things So I beseech God that it will please him by this exsample and advertisment to awaken all other Christian Kings to sift out and examine more deligentlie then they haue done in times past the other jugling trickes of the forgers of reliques and lying wonders This is that Gentle Reader which our Iosiah my dread Souverain vpon whose sacred person the Lord hath experimented his preservations from their damnable treasons because he dwelleth in the secret of the most hie and shall abide in the shadow of the Almighty he will cover thee vnder his wings thou shalt be sure vnder his feathers A thousand shall fall at thy side and tenn thousand at thy right hand but it shall not come neere thee toucheth in his premonition as in a passage having reference to that straw which the father 's the Iesuites would haue fathered vpō Garnet their auricular-traitour but as my Authour saith his Maiesty ingeniously found out as cunning a Parrahsius in his great Ile of Britanie as a Zeuxes in Italie At S. Maries de la consolation an image of the virgin Maries which hath done many miracles In S. Vitus Church an oyle drawne from the reliques of that Sainct which being mixed with them healeth the byting of madd doggs At S. Sabinaes a huge blacke stone chained to the great Altar which the Divel threw at S. Dominicus to overwhelme him while he prayed in that place but it chaunced that this stone burst miraculously that S. Dominicus was not hurt therewith At S. Iulians a water distilled with the reliques of S. Iulian whi●h helpeth al manner of-fevers and diseases In the same Church an Image of the virgin Maries brought from the citie of Edessa which vpon a day seing the holy man S. Alexis comming towards her after his wonted manner to say his prayers and hearing him knock at one of the Church-doores spake twise together vnto the Sexten Open and let in that holy man of God S. Alexis for he hath merited Heaven In S. B●bians Church-yeard an herbe which shee herself planted thar cureth the falling sicknesse At S. Anastases a pillar wherevpon they cut of S. Pauls head which being falne from his body gaue three jumpes and at euery jump sprang forth three fountains a