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A37987 A demonstration of the existence and providence of God, from the contemplation of the visible structure of the greater and the lesser world in two parts, the first shewing the excellent contrivance of the heavens, earth, sea, &c., the second the wonderful formation of the body of man / by John Edwards ... Edwards, John, 1637-1716. 1696 (1696) Wing E201; ESTC R13760 204,339 448

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Speeches and irreverent Discourse about sacred Matters and by their scandalous and enormous Actions But what is this to the Purpose unless it can be proved that their being Physicians makes them talk atheistically and that the Study of Medicks is the Cause of their Prophaneness There are some Professors of the Law and some in sacred Orders whose Lives are a Reproach to their Studies and Calling But did ever any Man of correct Thoughts lay the Fault of this on the Profession of Law or Divinity So it is in the present Case the Faculty is not blameable The Persons we are speaking of are not made Atheists by being Students in Physick but being atheistically inclined before they bring a Scandal on the Profession Their Irreligion is not the Effect of their searching into natural Causes They do not scruple a Deity or divine Providence because they have an Insight into Humane Bodies and all the Operations of them but this may be truly said that their being debauched and wicked Livers makes way for their atheistical Notions and Sentiments But this is to be said further that it is unreasonable and unjust to libel the whole Faculty for the sake of a few for all unprejudiced Men must own that there have been and are as few of that Profession considering the Proportion of them as perhaps of any other that are regardless of sacred things If a Man looks into their Dispensatories he shall find that they have made use of God's Name and some of the Saints and of the most holy and venerable things even in their Art There are some Footsteps of Religion in several of the Names which they have given to medical Simples and some Compounds Wood-Sorrel hath been stiled by them Allelujah Heartsease an Herb of the Trinity though indeed Dr. Brown saith this is named from the Figure of its Leaves Angelica an Herb of the Holy Ghost Mugwort hath been called Saint Iohn's Girdle Other Herbs have the Name of Saint Iohn's-wort and Saint Peter's-wort and Saint Iames's-wort Cardamom-Seeds are called Grains of Paradise Solomons's Seal is Scala Coeli with them Another Plant hath been christened Herb of Grace and another Holy or Blessed Thistle And it is likely our Lady's Thistle refers to the Virgin Mary And our Saviour's Name is made use of to honour some Vegetables A kind of Gromel is called not only Iob's Tears but Lachrymae Christi Wild Clary hath the Name of Oculus Christi Great Spurge is called Palma Christi and another Manus Christi The Apostles in general besides those before particularized have not been forgot by them for there is a Medical Oyntment that hath it Denomination from them And other Medicaments are entituled Holy Divine and by the Grace of God It appears from this that there have been some Religious People of this Profession or else Pretenders to it and then they were far from being open Atheists We see they have had some Thoughts of God and Religion of Christ Iesus and Heaven and of things and Persons that are Sacred Not to mention the Praises of St. Luke who was both a Physician and an Evangelist and is the brightest Glory of these Artists there were many others whom I intend not to enumerate here who were very great Devotionists and shewd a mighty Respect to God and Religion Even Galen though he unhappily reflects on Moses and our Saviour being mislead by his Pagan Principles was in his way Devout and as you have heard broke out into a Celebration of God's Goodness Wisdom and Power from the Consideration of the Structure of Man's Body I have made mention of several of the Moderns before who like true Pious Philosophers often take occasion in their Writings to remind the World of a Supreme Being and to own and reverence his Authority I will here add concerning Sennertus that he not only shews himself every where in his Works a very Religious Physician but he composed and published a Book of Meditations and Prayers which is a farther Evidence of his Piety Gesner a Physician of Zurich in his Books of Animals takes notice of the All-Wise Maker and quotes several Passages out of the Holy Scriptures Bauhinus speaks very divinely when he discourses of the Fabrick of the Ears That Eminent Physician of our Age Dr. Willis gave as great Proofs of his Godliness as of his Learning He was as conversant in the Practice of Piety as in that of Physick Whilest he lived he was a constant frequenter of the Prayers of the Church and at his Death he left a Salary to maintain the Offices of Devotion for ever And herein he was followed by the honourable Mr. Boyl who though he was no professed Master of Medicks yet was skill'd in the Art and in all Natural Philosophy which is so requisite to it This Excellent Person to give a lasting Demonstration of his being highly concerned for Religion bequeath'd an honourable Allowance for the maintaining of a perpetual Theological Lecture wherein the Christian Religion is to be asserted and defended against its Chiefest Adversaries and particularly and expresly his Will is that Atheists should be attack'd with the utmost Strength of Argument Dr. Woodward a professed Physician speaks like a Religious Philosopher in his Natural History of the Earth and owns the Divine Wisdom and Contrivance But I must forbear to mention the Living Thus we see that this Rank of Students are disposed to be Religious and their Employment leads them to it because they are continually studying and contemplating the Works of God If you ask why the Lives of such Men are not always Good yea why they do not excel I ask you again why do not Sextons and Grave-makers live better than other People seeing they converse with the dead and are constantly reminded of Mortality and another World Nay you may as well ask why every individual Clergy man is not transcendently Good and Vertuous since their Business and Calling are in themselves conducive to it The true cause of this is want of Serious Attention and Due Application So it is here a Physician as such would naturally prove a Good Man but then he must ●eriously and attentively lie under the Influence of his Principles and suffer the Virtue of them to take hold of him and not willfully and stubbornly throw it off For though his Calling is in it self an Antidote against Atheism yet it will not have its Effect if he takes a Counter-Potion So then if you should find that these Artists have less Religion than other Men it is not to be attributed to them because they are skill'd in their Art but because they abuse it The short of all is their searching into the Works of Nature is able to render them Wise and knowing Persons Men of great Insight and Sagacity Whence among the Ancients Apollo was the God of Wisdom and Medicks And this may be signified in the consecrating of a Serpent to Aesculapius the God of Physick And this Study
Sun and Moon v. 19. which were made on the fourth day and the Fishes of the Sea which are the fifth day's Production v. 25 26. with which he concludes having supposed the Creatures of the Last day's Work in what he had said before The Sum of all his Philosophical and Religious Contemplations in this Excellent Hymn is comprised in those words O Lord how manifold are thy Works In Wisdom hast thou made them all He first acknowledges and at the same time admires the Wonderful Variety of the Works of the Creation and thence he rationally infers and declares that an Understanding and Wise Being was the Author of them From the serious Consideration of the Visible World his Mind devoutly but naturally rises to a sense of the First and Supreme Cause of it In the 148 th Psalm the same devout Poet extols God from the particular Consideration of the Creatures of all ranks and sorts first those in Heaven the Angels the Sun Moon Stars and Light v. 2 3. 2dly those that be●ong to the Waters Dragons which is a word ●hat here denotes all great Fishes and all deeps wherein they dwell v. 7. 3dly those in ●he Air as the Meteors viz. Fire i. e. Thun●er and Lightning Hail Snow Vapour stormy Winds v. 8. 4thly on the Earth viz. 1. Those ●hat are Inanimate as Mountains Hills ●ruitful Trees and Timber-trees among which the Cedar is chief and doth here represent all the rest v. 9.2 Living Creatures and first those that are Irrational wild Beasts and all Cattle creeping things and flying Fowl v. 10. Secondly Rational Mankind of what degree soever Kings and all People i. e. their Subjects Princes Iudges young and old of both Sexes In the 135 th Psalm v. 5 6 7. the same Subject but more briefly is treated of and in Psal. 136. v. 5 6 7 8 9. he gives a compendious but excellent Description of this Mundane System and of the Universal Furniture of it and thence excites Men to adore and magnify the Wise Creator of all And interspersedly in several other Psalms some of which I have had occasion to mention before he falls upon this Excellent Theme and admirably improves it to the purpose aforesaid If we pass to the New Testament we shall there also find this Argument used From the Fabrick of the World St. Paul proves to the Men of Lystra that there is a God a Living God in Contra distinction to the Gentile Gods or Idols rather From the making of Heaven and Earth the Sea and all things that are therein he argues the Existence of an All-sufficient and Self-subsistent Being Acts 14.15 And again Rom. 1.20 The invisible things of God from i. e. ever since the Creation of the World are clearly seen being understood by the things that are made even his eternal Power and Godhead even those Invisible things are clearly manifested by those Visible Works that he hath wrought Or perhaps the meaning of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 may be from the Consideration of the Creation from this alone the invisible things of the Deity viz. his Power Wisdom and Bounty are seen and proved This way of proving the Divinity by the Works that are seen is used by Fathers and Philosophers by Christians and Gentiles by Sacred and Prophane Writers This World saith a Greek Father is the School of Rational Minds and the Nursery of that Knowledg which we have of a God Our own Make and that of the World wherein we live are Testimonies of a Deity saith Tertullian Basil the Great Gregory Nazianzen and Ambrose have written on the Six Days Works and have with a mighty Fluency of Stile pursued this Argument Athanasius in his Book against the Gentiles very closely and solidly manges this sensible Proof of a Deity Cyprian discourses after this rate that the Times and Seasons of the Year and the several Elements are obsequious and serviceable to Mankind that the Winds blow the Springs and Fountains flow the Corn and the Vines come to maturity and there is a Plenty of all other Fruits on the Earth from the disposal of God wherefore his Existence is not to be doubted of by any rational Person yea by any one that hath the use of his Senses Theodoret hath well demonstrated the Providence of God from the Consideration of the several Parts of the World Octavius in Minutius Felix hath a short but a very Witty and Elegant Oration to prove a God and Providence from the Make and Order of the upper and lower World Among the Moderns I will mention only our Divine Mr. Herbert in his Poem to which he gives the Title of Providence where he excellently displayeth the Wisdom of God in the Works of the Creation in the several particular Beings which are the Product of it It is an Admirable and Choice Piece of Divine Rapture The wisest Heads among the Gentiles as well as among Christians have prosecuted this Theme and have thought it to be of great force Much after the rate of the Great Apostle who tells us God left not himself without witness you may hear an Antient Philosopher speak It was fit saith he that God's Works should witness concerning him thus the Sun Night and Day the Air the whole Earth are Witnesses yea all the World bears Testimony to Him And a Noble Platonist hath in most select and excellent Words thus charactered the Divine Being He who hath disposed the Heavens into their admirable Order and Harmony who guides the Chariots of the Sun and Moon who is the Master of the Celestial Quire and by his Voice and Beck keeps time that the Musick of the Stars be true and those swift Bodies keep their Rounds exactly he who is the great Arbiter and Disposer of the Seasons of the Year who is the prudent Dispenser of the Winds and brings them out of their Treasures when he pleaseth he who shaped the vast Sea and formed the Spatious Earth and furnish'd it with Rivers he who nourishes and ripens the Fruits and stocks the World with living Creatures Tully in his Second Book of Divination proves a Soveraign Cause of all things from the admirable and exquisite Composure of the World The Beauty of this saith he and the Order of the Heavenly Bodies do even force us to acknowledg that there is an Excellent and Eternal Nature and that this is to be admired and adored by Mankind Whence comes it to pass saith Seneca that there is such a Multitude of Grateful Objects in the Universe which ravish our Ears Eyes and Minds Whence is there such an Abundance of things made as 't were to support our Luxury for 't is evident that there is Provision made not only for our Necessities but we are indulged even to Delight and Pleasures This is from the Riches of the Divine Being and the overflowing Bounty of his Excellent Nature I will conclude with that of the Poet Cùm dispositi quaesissem
they to be any Great Philosophers to do this There is not much curious Knowledg and Observation required in the more General Discharge of this Duty Do but look abroad and see what is before you and if you have honest and sincere Minds and affectionate Thoughts you will make a good use of what you see because you will presently behold God in the Creatures For the whole World is God's Image and therefore in its beautiful Proportions in its admirable Composure you will soon discern his Resemblance You will behold the invisible things of God in the visible and outward Shape of the World You will with ease find that there is that in the Creation which could proceed from none but an Eternal and Infinite Spirit from one that is Omnipotent and Omniscient Be conversant then in this Great Library be Students in this Book of Nature which even he that runs may read for the Character is very plain and legible and the Contents of this Large Volume are easily undestood Read the Godhead in the Sun Moon and Stars in the Air Earth and Sea but especially in the Creatures of the Animal Kingdom which are endued with Sense and Life these are all written in Capital Letters The Devout St. Anthony in Ecclesiastical Story was well vers'd in this Great Volume though he was never guilty of any other Learning he used to say to the Philosophers This is my Book and Body of Philosophy which I read viz. the Works which God hath made here I can read the Will of God and the Words of Heaven Such Scholars you may all be and that without any great Labour and Study for the Book is always before you and wide open and you may be always reading in it And though these things are neglected and despised because they are Common as Philo observ'd yet know that they are of themselves Admirable and worthy of your continual Thoughts and they will be of great use to you Be convinced of this that 't is not below a Christian Man to observe and meditate upon the Works of Nature The New Creature doth not destroy the Old or make it useless Whilest you search into the Works of God you will find God himself and you will acknowledg the infinite Understanding and Wisdom of the Maker of all things For he hath made the Earth by his Power he hath establish'd the World by his Wisdom and hath stretched out the Heavens by his Discretion Jer. 10.12 3. and lastly By acknowledging this Substantial Truth which I have been treating of and by contemplating the upper and the lower World let us be brought to glorify the Omnipotent Architect to praise and worship him to fear and serve him and to dedicate our whole Lives to him If the Heavens declare the Glory of God if those Celestial Lamps shew by their Light their Maker's Beauty and set forth his more Resplendent Glory of which the Sun and Brightest Stars are but Shadows yea if the meanest and most obscure Creatures do in their Kind and Measure celebrate his Praises if a Gnat or a Fly declare the Power and Wisdom of their Maker if even inamimate Creatures sing Te Deum to him then how much more are We obliged to praise and glorify him who have this Example before us and for whose sake all these things were made If all things every where be full of the Deity let not our Mouths be empty of his Praises That the World is a Temple was the Acknowledgment of the Pagans Mundi magnum versatile templum was Lucretius's Language though he was an Atheist But Plutarch goes further and tells us that this World is a most Holy and Divine Temple Let us then dedicate it to God's Service and let us sing Praises to him in his own Temple Let us worship him in his Own House as Philo calls this World Let us perpetually extol the Builder of it for the regular Frame excellent Beauty and wise Ordering of it And let us not only with our Tongues which are our Glory laud and magnify this Divine Founder but let us with all Reverence Serve and Obey him and be zealous of performing all Homage to him in our Lives All Creatures in their kind render some Service to him every thing pays him Tribute the Sun with its officious Heat and Light the Moon and Stars with their proper Influences the teeming Earth with all its Plants Flowers Fruits and Animals with all the Treasures that lie lock'd up in its Bowels the Water the Air the Fire Heat and Cold Summer and Winter do all obey him Let not Man then only be defective in his Duty Man who hath Skill to use all these things unto rational and artificial Ends which no other Creature can do Let him be brought by his Contemplation of the Visible World to a most Affectionate Devotion and all the Acts of a Sincere Religion Let him be led by the Consideration of those Divine Perfections which the wondrous Fabrick of the World discovers to be in God unto an entire Love of him and an ardent Desire to have intimate Communion with him and thereby to be rendred like unto him Who made these Beautiful Objects in the World but Beauty it self All the Glories of the Universe are but the Rays of that infinitely Glorious Light which is above Wherefore let us climb up by these Sun-beams to the Father of Lights let us by these glorious Manifestations of God in the Creatures make our Access to the Creator the Framer and Maker the Father of all things as Plato often calls him But let us rise higher than this Philosopher who yet was far exalted above all his Brethren-Philosophers let the Creatures lead us to the Blessed Author of the New Creation Christ Iesus our only Redeemer and Saviour the Essential Eternal Incomprehensible Wisdom by whom God made the Worlds as the Apostle expresly testifies Hebr. 1.2 Wherefore in God the Father and in Jesus Christ his only Son our Lord the same undivided and Eternal Godhead let all our Knowledg and all our Practice be terminated for of him and through him and to him are all things to whom be Glory for ever Amen The End of the First Part. THE Second Part Wherein the Existence and Providence of God Are Proved from the Admirable Fabrick and Contexture OF MAN'S BODY CHAP. I. The Body of Man is more excellent and perfect than those of other Creatures as to its Stature and several of its Organs and Vessels This singular and peculiar Workmanship is elegantly express'd in Psal. Cxxxix 14 15 16. which Words are Commented upon In the first Noble Cavity viz. the Head are observable the Skull with its Sutures and its Membranes with which it is lined the Brain the Face with its Forehead Nostrils Cheeks Lips Chin Mouth to which latter belong the Palate Uvula Tongue Teeth The wonderful Contexture particular Vse and Design of all which Parts are distinctly set forth and shew'd
also if duly managed and applied will make those that are conversant in it as Good as they are Wise For Physicks do naturally conduct to Ethicks A Natural Philosopher will be if not otherwise hurt a Good Moralist His intimate conversing with Matter and Bodies will raise him to an Apprehension of an All-Wise Spirit Though he deal in Groveling Vegetables and stoops and bends to the Earth to gather them yet even this Posture makes him more Erect towards Heaven and exalts his Mind to the Author of Nature An Anatomy Lecture is a Preparative to one of Divinity And whilest he views and considers the Exactness of the Humane Fabrick he is thence effectually provok'd to acknowledge revere and worship the Divine Architect FINIS ERRATA PART I. page 88. line 27. read correct p. 121. l. 1. r. Stag●rit● p. 174. l. last but one r. there by p. 192. l. 21. r. Halieutic●● p. 204. l. 24. for there r. they p. 229. l. 5. r. noted PART II. p. 46. l. last but one r. admitting p. 48. l. 7. r. insite p. 50. l. 22. insert perhaps before not p. 64. l 22. r. Colick p. 72. l. 19. r. come p. 75. l. 11. after manner make p. 88. l. 19. r. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 p. 94. l. 1. blo● out ● And some other Literal Faults require Amendment Books written by the Reverend Mr. John Edwards AN Enquiry into several Remarkable Texts of the Old and New Testament which contain some Difficulty in them with a probable Resolution of them in two Volumes in 8 o. A Discourse concerning the Authority Stile and Perfection of the Books of the Old and New Testament with a Continued Illustration of several Difficult Texts throughout the whole Work in three Volumes in 8 o. Some Thoughts concerning the several Causes and Occasions of Atheism especially in the present Age with some brief Reflections on Socinianism and on a late Book entituled The Reasonableness of Christianity as delivered in the Scriptures 8 o. Now in the Press and will speedily be published A Discourse shewing the Unreasonableness of a Late Writer's Opinion concerning the Necessity of only One Article of Christian Faith And of his other Assertions in his late book of the Reasonableness of Christianity and in his Vindication of it With a Brief Reply to another professed Socinian Writer All sold by Jonathan Robinson at the Golden Lyon and John Wyat at the Rose in St. Paul's Church-yard 1696. * Aristotle Pliny Aelian Theophrastus c. † Albertus Magnus Gesner Aldrovandus Jonston Willoughby ●ay Lister c. * Wisd. 13.5 * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Antonin † 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 De Monarchiâ * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 De Placit Philosoph † 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Dissertat 3. * Tota hujus mundi concordia ex discordibus constar Nat. Quaest. l. 7. † 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 c. Clem. Alex. Admonit ad Gentes * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Quaest. Resp. † 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ‖ 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 De Plantat Noë * Theory of the Earth Book 2. chap. 11. * De nat Deor. lib. 2. lib. de Officiis † Lord Bacon Wisdom of the Antients * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Just. Mart. Quaest. Resp. ad Graec. † Append ad part 1. Eth. * Opera Philosoph * Essay concerning the Notion of Nature * Sol siderum princeps cujus luce omnia vestiuntur Adv. Gent. l. 1. c. 18. † Job 31.26 36.32 * More Nevoch l. 3. c. 29. † Problem● de Creatione ‖ Cont. Cels. l. 5. * Laert. in Epicuro in Heraclito * In Cratylo † 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 dicunt sidera 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 id est 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 quòd semper in cursu sint Saturn l. 1. c. 23. * In his Aurora * Ovid. Fast. l. 6. * Kepler Epit. Astron. Copernic l. 1. * Dial. 2. † Epit. Astron. Copern lib. 4. ‖ Lansberg Progymnas * Geograph * Jos. 10.13 † Isa. 38.8 * Discourse concerning the Stile of Scripture * De Magnete l. 6. c. 3. * Psal. 8.6 c. * Immortality of the Soul Book 3. chap. 13. * Lib. 9. Sect. 4. cap. 16. usque ad finem Sect. * Mr. Hook 's Attempt to prove the Motion of the Earth * D. Burnet Theoria Tellur * Plut. de Isid. Osir. * ●uid cùm ordo temporum ac frugum stabili varietate distingultur nonne auctorem suum parentémque testatur Ver ●●què cum suis floribus aestas cum suis messibus autumni maturitas grata hibernae olivitas necessaria c. Minur Fel. in Octav. † Horat. ‖ Dr. Brown Vulg. Er. l. 6. c. 5. * Dr. Brown Cyrus 's Garden ch 4. * Psal. 89.37 † 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Plut. de Orac. defect * Sidus in tenebrarum remedium ab naturâ repertum Nat Hist. l. 2. c. 9. * Theory of the Earth Book 2. chap. 11. * Quanquam ad mundi cohaerentiam pertinent tamen spectaculum hominibus praebent nulla enim est insatiabilior species nulla pulchrior De Nat. Deor. * Ipse mundus quoties per noctem ignes suos fudit tantum stellarum innumerabilium refulsit quem non intentum in se tenet Le Benefic l. 4. c. 22. * Manilius * Tanta dispositio tanta in servandis ordinibus temporibusque constantia non potuit aut olim sine provido artifice oriri aut constare tot seculis sine incolâ potente aut in perpetuum gubernari sine perito sciente rectore quod ratio ipsa declarat Lactant. Instit. l. 2. c. 5. † B. Ricciol Almagest Nov. Vol. 2. * Dr. Brown Cyrus ' s Garden ch 5. * Hist. of the World Chap. 1. Sect. 11. † Mr. Herbert's Poems Of Providence * Psal. 147.4 † Vossius de Theol. Gentil l. 2. c. 35. * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 De Monarch † Quid enim potest esse tam apertum tamque perspicuum quùm coelum suspicimus coelestiáque contemplari sumus quàm esse ●liquod Numen praestantissimae mentis quo haec reguntur De Nar ●eor l. 1. * Esse igitur Deos ita perspicuum est ut id qui neget vix eum sanae mentis exist●●mem † Mon. l. 1. c. 4. ‖ Hist. Hisp. * About A. D. 1284. * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 * Jer. 10 1● * Archa●olog Philos. cap. 8. * Tycho Brahe in Epist. * Shamajim à Sham ibi majim aquae † Quid mirabilius aquis in coelis stantibus Plin. Nat. Hist. l. 31. c. 4. * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 c. * Deut. 11.14 Joel 2.23 * Cibus arborum imber Nat. Hist. l. 17. c. 2. * Gen. 19.13 * Dr. Woodward Nat. Hist. of the Earth Part 4. † 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Sympos l. 4. quaest 2. * Ignis suâ naturâ in verticem surgit si nihil illi