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power_n to_o appeal_v from_o the_o tribune_n to_o the_o consul_n observe_v here_o that_o no_o man_n can_v be_v choose_v to_o be_v a_o officer_n but_o he_o who_o have_v serve_v out_o half_a his_o time_n which_o be_v this_o the_o horseman_n be_v oblige_v to_o serve_v ten_o year_n and_o the_o foot_n twenty_o suppose_v still_o that_o they_o be_v not_o mutilate_v or_o make_v unserviceable_a in_o the_o war_n after_o that_o they_o be_v emeriti_fw-la milites_fw-la and_o be_v to_o get_v their_o dimission_n serve_v how_o long_o a_o roman_a soldier_n be_v bind_v to_o serve_v and_o this_o sometime_o occasion_v mutiny_n when_o the_o state_n can_v not_o convenient_o spare_v they_o the_o member_n elect_v for_o the_o war_n be_v not_o to_o be_v under_o seventeen_o year_n old_a nor_o above_o forty_o seven_o but_o it_o be_v strange_a how_o vegetius_n in_o the_o fourteen_o chapter_n of_o his_o first_o book_n against_o the_o current_n of_o all_o writer_n affirm_v that_o those_o of_o fourteen_o year_n old_a 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and_o foot_n be_v call_v cataphracti_fw-la a_o head-piece_n and_o a_o target_n which_o he_o say_v be_v short_a and_o round_o he_o speak_v not_o of_o greeves_n bâ—lly-pieces_n or_o taslet_n perhaps_o he_o be_v defective_a here_o for_o other_o author_n allow_v they_o nor_o do_v he_o mention_v boot_n though_o there_o be_v reason_n to_o think_v that_o every_o horseman_n shall_v have_v have_v two_o boot_n since_o as_o we_o shall_v see_v present_o one_o boot_n be_v allow_v to_o every_o footman_n for_o the_o roman_a horseman_n weapon_n or_o offensive_a arm_n we_o must_v consult_v polybius_n who_o give_v they_o a_o sword_n and_o a_o lance_n the_o sword_n long_o than_o that_o a_o foot_n soldier_n carry_v it_o be_v strange_a that_o vegetâ—â—s_n speak_v nothing_o of_o this_o some_o author_n say_v the_o horseman_n carry_v like_o wise_a some_o dart_n weapon_n offensive_a weapon_n which_o may_v be_v probable_a josephus_n inform_v we_o that_o they_o carry_v lance_n long_a sword_n and_o two_o or_o 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certain_o the_o roman_n have_v their_o military_a exercise_n the_o whole_a time_n of_o the_o reign_v of_o their_o seven_o king_n second_o i_o say_v as_o swim_v be_v fit_a to_o be_v learn_v by_o all_o young_a man_n especial_o soldier_n so_o i_o think_v a_o army_n be_v in_o a_o desperate_a condition_n when_o the_o man_n who_o compose_v it_o be_v put_v to_o swim_v for_o their_o safety_n from_o a_o pursue_a enemy_n for_o by_o that_o shift_n hardly_o will_v the_o ten_o man_n escape_v nor_o need_v a_o retire_a army_n fear_n much_o hurt_v from_o a_o enemy_n who_o can_v overtake_v it_o but_o by_o swim_v over_o lake_n and_o rivers_n but_o our_o author_n proceed_v and_o tell_v we_o that_o a_o army_n must_v be_v teach_v to_o march_v in_o rank_n and_o file_n that_o a_o enemy_n may_v take_v no_o advantage_n by_o find_v it_o in_o disorder_n the_o roman_n have_v two_o kind_n of_o a_o march_n the_o ambulatory_a march_n two_o kind_n of_o march_n and_o the_o cursory_a by_o the_o first_o they_o be_v if_o so_o require_v to_o march_v twenty_o italian_a mile_n in_o five_o hour_n and_o by_o the_o second_o twenty_o five_o in_o four_o hour_n with_o their_o full_a arm_n baggage_n and_o burden_n three_o he_o inform_v we_o that_o the_o foot_n soldier_n be_v train_v at_o a_o stake_n or_o pallisado_n of_o wood_n six_o foot_n long_o foot_n exercise_n of_o the_o foot_n fix_v fast_o in_o the_o ground_n he_o have_v a_o target_n of_o oâ—â—ers_n and_o a_o club_n or_o battoon_n of_o wood_n both_o of_o they_o double_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o shield_n and_o sword_n he_o be_v to_o make_v use_n of_o in_o earnest_n with_o these_o he_o be_v teach_v to_o strike_v aâ—_n the_o pale_a or_o stake_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v a_o enemy_n to_o make_v scent_n and_o foin_n at_o several_a part_n of_o it_o as_o if_o it_o have_v have_v head_n body_n leg_n and_o arm_n but_o more_o especial_o the_o roman_a soldier_n be_v teach_v to_o thrust_v and_o stab_v with_o hiâ—_n sword_n for_o they_o find_v that_o by_o that_o 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warlike_a duke_n of_o burgundy_n the_o say_v charles_n command_v many_o of_o his_o gentleman_n who_o be_v man_n at_o arm_n to_o alight_v from_o their_o horse_n and_o join_v in_o fight_n with_o his_o archer_n of_o foot_n which_o action_n say_v the_o author_n be_v honourable_a and_o encourage_v other_o and_o this_o custom_n say_v the_o same_o philip_n the_o burgundian_n have_v learn_v from_o the_o english_a when_o both_o of_o they_o be_v confederate_n wage_v war_n together_o against_o france_n for_o the_o space_n of_o thirty_o two_o year_n without_o any_o truce_n the_o custom_n which_o the_o roman_n have_v to_o mix_v foot_n with_o horse_n begin_v at_o the_o together_o horse_n and_o foot_n mix_v together_o siege_n of_o capua_n be_v so_o frequent_a afterward_o that_o i_o need_v not_o give_v many_o instance_n of_o it_o caesar_n seldom_o fail_v to_o do_v it_o when_o vercingentorix_n have_v raise_v all_o gaul_n about_o his_o ear_n he_o send_v for_o german_a horse_n and_o foot_n who_o be_v accustom_a to_o fight_v one_o in_o company_n of_o the_o other_o as_o he_o tell_v we_o in_o the_o seven_o book_n of_o his_o gallic_a war._n in_o thessaly_n find_v himself_o far_o inferior_a in_o horse_n to_o pompey_n he_o constant_o mix_v some_o of_o his_o antesignani_fw-la who_o be_v legionary_n and_o heavy_a caesar_n practise_v by_o caesar_n arm_v and_o of_o the_o young_a sort_n and_o so_o more_o able_a to_o march_v and_o run_v with_o his_o horse_n who_o become_v so_o expert_a in_o that_o manner_n of_o fight_n that_o as_o himself_o witness_v in_o his_o three_o book_n of_o the_o civil_a war_n two_o hundred_o of_o his_o horse_n join_v with_o the_o like_a number_n of_o these_o foot_n be_v not_o afraid_a to_o buckle_v with_o thousand_o of_o his_o enemy_n cavalry_n and_o it_o be_v with_o that_o manner_n of_o fight_n that_o he_o make_v that_o honourable_a retreat_n of_o he_o from_o dirrachium_n in_o spite_n of_o pompey_n whole_a army_n that_o pursue_v he_o and_o it_o be_v with_o the_o assistance_n of_o six_o cohort_n of_o his_o triarian_a foot_n that_o his_o horse_n beat_v his_o competitor_n cavalry_n at_o pharsalia_n and_o get_v he_o the_o victory_n as_o himself_o both_o confess_v and_o foretell_v at_o vzita_n in_o africa_n when_o he_o offer_v to_o fight_v against_o scipio_n pompey_n father-in-law_n he_o draw_v up_o all_o his_o cavalry_n on_o his_o left_a wing_n and_o with_o they_o mix_v all_o his_o light_a arm_a foot_n who_o it_o seem_v be_v auxiliary_n the_o german_a horseman_n german_n and_o by_o the_o ancient_a german_n use_v every_o one_o of_o they_o to_o choose_v a_o footman_n who_o they_o know_v to_o be_v stout_a strong_a and_o swift_a these_o footman_n either_o skirmish_v before_o the_o horse_n as_o the_o roman_n do_v at_o capua_n or_o fight_v in_o company_n with_o they_o or_o stand_v at_o a_o distance_n behind_o they_o that_o the_o horse_n may_v retire_v to_o they_o and_o if_o both_o be_v force_v to_o quit_v the_o field_n than_o the_o footman_n lay_v 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the_o left_a wing_n compose_v of_o roman_a horse_n but_o when_o they_o fight_v without_o ally_n than_o their_o horse_n be_v draw_v up_o on_o both_o wing_n and_o sometime_o as_o i_o have_v say_v interline_v with_o foot_n but_o scarce_o or_o rather_o never_o do_v i_o read_v in_o any_o ancient_a history_n that_o they_o be_v marshal_v by_o troop_n among_o the_o legionary_a foot_n whereof_o i_o shall_v tell_v you_o more_o hereafter_o when_o i_o come_v to_o speak_v of_o vegetius_n his_o legion_n and_o how_o the_o same_o vegetius_n contradict_v polybius_n in_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o roman_a horseman_n guard_n shall_v be_v speak_v of_o in_o my_o discourse_n of_o guard_n and_o round_n chap._n viii_o of_o their_o trumpeter_n horn-winders_a and_o of_o the_o classicum_fw-la since_o we_o have_v now_o speak_v of_o both_o foot_n and_o horse_n it_o be_v fit_a we_o know_v to_o what_o martial_a instrument_n or_o sound_v both_o shall_v hearken_v i_o find_v tubicines_n these_o be_v trumpeter_n cornicine_n these_o be_v horn-winders_a and_o buccinatores_fw-la who_o i_o think_v use_v the_o horn_n of_o cow_n and_o ox_n and_o the_o classicuâ—_n all_o these_o be_v common_a to_o both_o horse_n and_o foot_n neither_o have_v the_o one_o any_o title_n to_o pretend_v to_o either_o of_o these_o more_o than_o the_o other_o have_v nor_o be_v any_o of_o they_o peculiar_a to_o the_o one_o more_o than_o to_o the_o other_o though_o now_o the_o horse_n troop_n appropriate_v the_o trumpet_n to_o themselves_o as_o the_o foot_n do_v the_o drum_n the_o trumpet_n be_v a_o ancient_a instrument_n of_o war_n at_o first_o and_o i_o believe_v for_o trumpeter_n trumpeter_n many_o age_n make_v of_o brass_n hence_o the_o poet_n aere_fw-la ciere_fw-la virâ—s_fw-la though_o the_o luxury_n of_o after-age_n make_v their_o composition_n of_o silver_n we_o find_v they_o be_v common_a to_o
sell_v by_o the_o treasurer_n and_o then_o proportionable_o divide_v among_o all_o according_a to_o every_o order_n a_o good_a order_n man_n quality_n a_o centurion_n receive_v double_a that_o which_o a_o soldier_n get_v a_o horseman_n triple_a and_o a_o tribune_n quadruple_a so_o that_o they_o who_o fight_v in_o the_o field_n and_o they_o who_o stay_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o camp_n they_o who_o storm_v a_o town_n and_o they_o who_o stand_v in_o reserve_n share_v all_o alike_o in_o the_o booty_n the_o roman_n give_v all_o their_o proviant_a to_o their_o army_n in_o corn_n and_o do_v not_o trouble_v themselves_o to_o make_v it_o either_o into_o meal_n or_o bread_n and_o in_o their_o strict_a discipline_n baker_n be_v all_o banish_v from_o their_o camp_n and_o the_o soldier_n order_v to_o grind_v their_o corn_n themselves_o hand_o mill_n or_o quern_n be_v allow_v they_o for_o that_o use_n and_o thereafter_o to_o bake_v their_o own_o bread_n many_o time_n they_o take_v not_o the_o pain_n to_o do_v either_o the_o one_o nor_o the_o other_o but_o boil_v their_o wheat_n with_o a_o little_a salt_n and_o so_o eat_v it_o up_o for_o pottage_n they_o use_v to_o carry_v with_o they_o drink_v their_o ordinary_a meat_n and_o drink_v lard_n or_o bacon_n or_o some_o other_o fat_a wherewith_o they_o smear_v their_o bread_n a_o little_a bottle_n with_o vinegar_n they_o bear_v also_o about_o with_o they_o with_o a_o very_a small_a quantity_n whereof_o they_o give_v a_o relish_n to_o their_o water_n which_o be_v their_o ordinary_a drink_n though_o wine_n be_v not_o forbid_v they_o for_o mahomet_n have_v then_o not_o intoxicate_v the_o world_n with_o his_o doctrine_n nor_o discharge_v the_o use_n of_o the_o juice_n of_o the_o grape_n which_o cherish_v the_o heart_n of_o god_n and_o man._n the_o roman_a soldier_n then_o drink_v wine_n for_o it_o be_v allow_v they_o when_o convenient_o it_o can_v be_v get_v though_o drunkenness_n be_v a_o crime_n seldom_o hear_v of_o among_o 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exercise_v strict_a discipline_n appoint_v their_o soldier_n to_o take_v their_o dinner_n stand_v marry_o sit_v they_o dine_v stand_v and_o sup_v sit_v they_o permit_v they_o to_o sit_v at_o supper_n and_o i_o conceive_v this_o be_v but_o a_o very_a sober_a courtesy_n to_o suffer_v a_o man_n who_o be_v weary_a with_o toil_n the_o whole_a day_n to_o sit_v down_o to_o his_o supper_n at_o night_n beside_o all_o this_o the_o roman_a soldiery_n have_v reason_n to_o expect_v a_o donative_n from_o triumph_n donative_n at_o triumph_n their_o victorious_a general_n when_o they_o enter_v the_o imperial_a city_n in_o triumph_n this_o custom_n be_v very_o commendable_a for_o the_o largess_n give_v to_o they_o incite_v other_o to_o carry_v themselves_o gallant_o against_o a_o enemy_n since_o they_o see_v that_o in_o some_o measure_n they_o will_v be_v sharer_n with_o the_o chief_a commander_n both_o in_o honour_n and_o profit_n what_o be_v give_v at_o that_o time_n to_o the_o common_a soldier_n be_v a_o rule_n to_o the_o officer_n for_o a_o centurion_n get_v double_a a_o horseman_n triple_a and_o a_o tribune_n quadruple_a scipio_n the_o african_a at_o his_o magnificent_a entry_n into_o rome_n give_v four_o hundred_o ass_n to_o every_o soldier_n some_o say_v but_o forty_o if_o the_o first_o it_o be_v noble_a enough_o and_o no_o more_o neither_o for_o it_o will_v have_v amount_v but_o to_o twenty_o five_o shilling_n sterling_a if_o the_o last_o it_o be_v contemptible_a for_o it_o signify_v but_o half_a a_o crown_n lucius_z aemilius_z who_o subvert_v the_o macedonian_a monarchy_n give_v at_o his_o triumph_n to_o every_o soldier_n one_o hundred_o sesterce_n which_o may_v be_v about_o fifteen_o or_o sixteen_o shilling_n sterling_a and_o proportionable_o to_o the_o centurion_n horseman_n and_o tribune_n but_o beside_o the_o evil_a effect_n which_o many_o of_o the_o consul_n avarice_n produce_v their_o ambition_n to_o bring_v in_o great_a sum_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n to_o the_o treasury_n and_o their_o vanity_n to_o give_v their_o army_n donative_n at_o their_o triumph_n set_v they_o on_o to_o the_o commit_v many_o insolence_n perfidious_a unjust_a and_o disavowable_a plunder_n and_o cruelty_n which_o make_v the_o name_n of_o some_o of_o the_o brave_a of_o they_o infamous_a to_o posterity_n take_v one_o instance_n instar_fw-la omnium_fw-la of_o that_o same_o aemilius_z i_o just_a now_o speak_v of_o the_o desire_n he_o have_v to_o bring_v the_o vast_a treasure_n of_o king_n perseus_n and_o all_o he_o have_v scrape_v together_o in_o macedon_n into_o the_o roman_a treasury_n and_o withal_o to_o give_v a_o donative_n to_o his_o army_n at_o action_n a_o detestable_a action_n his_o triumph_n tempt_v he_o and_o the_o temptation_n prevail_v with_o he_o to_o plunder_v the_o whole_a town_n of_o epirus_n the_o people_n whereof_o be_v no_o enemy_n nor_o ever_o have_v wrong_v the_o roman_a state_n and_o this_o execrable_a act_n he_o do_v under_o trust_n the_o inhabitant_n imagine_v no_o such_o usage_n nor_o be_v plunder_v all_o the_o mischief_n he_o do_v they_o for_o he_o sell_v their_o person_n to_o the_o number_n of_o one_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o thousand_o of_o both_o sex_n for_o slave_n and_o with_o the_o money_n of_o that_o sale_n he_o give_v the_o donative_n we_o speak_v of_o to_o his_o army_n a_o action_n so_o full_a of_o baseness_n inhumanity_n persidy_n and_o injustice_n that_o sir_n walter_n raleigh_n say_v if_o any_o history_n speak_v but_o one_o word_n to_o the_o contrary_a no_o man_n will_v believe_v it_o can_v be_v true_a you_o may_v read_v the_o story_n of_o it_o in_o the_o last_o book_n of_o titus_n livius_n the_o half_a of_o the_o donative_n be_v ordinary_o deposit_v at_o the_o standard_n deposit_v half_n of_o donative_n deposit_v and_o ensign_n to_o be_v keep_v there_o for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o soldier_n till_o their_o dismission_n lest_o they_o shall_v idle_o or_o vain_o spend_v it_o this_o reason_n be_v sufficient_a and_o strong_a enough_o but_o there_o be_v another_o and_o it_o be_v this_o that_o the_o soldier_n know_v a_o part_n of_o their_o stock_n and_o substance_n to_o be_v beside_o the_o colour_n they_o shall_v never_o desert_v they_o but_o manful_o fight_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o that_o in_o the_o preservation_n whereof_o they_o be_v so_o deep_o concern_v though_o this_o be_v certain_o a_o very_a prudent_a order_n yet_o i_o can_v consent_v to_o what_o vegetius_n say_v of_o it_o in_o the_o twenty_o chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n that_o it_o be_v ab_fw-la antiquis_fw-la divinitus_fw-la institutum_fw-la for_o he_o shall_v have_v remember_v that_o he_o write_v of_o the_o heathen_a roman_n and_o himself_o have_v the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o true_a god_n he_o know_v likewise_o that_o the_o best_a of_o their_o ordinance_n be_v but_o of_o humane_a and_o not_o divine_a institution_n in_o that_o same_o chapter_n vegetius_n say_v that_o every_o legion_n have_v ten_o bag_n for_o the_o keep_v this_o moiety_n of_o the_o donative_n that_o be_v a_o bag_n for_o every_o cohort_n and_o a_o eleven_o bag_n there_o be_v in_o which_o every_o soldier_n cast_v something_o once_o a_o month_n and_o that_o be_v reserve_v for_o the_o burial_n of_o those_o soldier_n who_o be_v able_a to_o leave_v nothing_o for_o their_o interment_n a_o very_a laudable_a custom_n for_o the_o burial_n of_o the_o dead_a be_v ever_o in_o all_o nation_n in_o high_a request_n dead_a burial_n of_o the_o dead_a truce_n for_o some_o day_n or_o hour_n to_o inter_v the_o slay_v be_v seldom_o or_o never_o refuse_v by_o the_o most_o imbitter_v enemy_n hannibal_n bestow_v burial_n on_o his_o enemy_n marcellus_n and_o his_o brother_n asdrubal_n at_o the_o desire_n of_o scipio_n bury_v those_o roman_a tribune_n who_o he_o have_v kill_v in_o battle_n and_o justin_n in_o his_o six_o book_n tell_v we_o that_o when_o
legion_n 300_o horse_n yet_o must_v not_o that_o be_v so_o understand_v as_o that_o these_o 300_o horse_n be_v to_o be_v reckon_v to_o be_v a_o member_n or_o part_n of_o that_o legion_n nay_o most_o author_n disjoin_v they_o and_o say_v so_o many_o legion_n and_o so_o many_o horse_n be_v raise_v let_v caesar_n a_o author_n beyond_o all_o exception_n be_v judg._n in_o the_o seven_o book_n of_o the_o french_a war_n he_o say_v he_o give_v to_o his_o legate_n labienus_n the_o same_o who_o afterward_o desert_v he_o four_o legion_n and_o keep_v six_o with_o himself_o and_o that_o you_o may_v be_v sure_a he_o mean_v only_a foot_n he_o subjoin_v that_o he_o order_v he_o to_o take_v a_o part_n of_o the_o cavalry_n with_o he_o how_o many_o he_o tell_v not_o but_o if_o every_o legion_n be_v to_o have_v a_o set_a number_n of_o horse_n that_o great_a captain_n who_o lose_v no_o word_n in_o his_o commentary_n need_v not_o have_v mention_v horse_n for_o caesar_n prove_v from_o caesar_n when_o he_o say_v he_o send_v four_o legion_n we_o shall_v have_v know_v that_o 2004_o horse_n be_v send_v according_a to_o vegetius_n his_o account_n of_o 726_o horse_n for_o every_o legion_n or_o 1200_o according_a to_o the_o true_a account_n of_o 300_o for_o every_o legion_n in_o his_o three_o book_n of_o the_o civil_a war_n he_o send_v cassius_n longinus_n to_o thessaly_n with_o one_o legion_n and_o two_o hundred_o horse_n not_o with_o â—26_n nor_o yet_o with_o 300._o he_o senâ—_n calvisiâ—s_n sabinus_n to_o aetolia_n with_o five_o cohort_n and_o a_o few_o horse_n he_o send_v câ—eias_n domitius_n to_o macedon_n with_o three_o legion_n and_o 500_o horse_n hear_v he_o speak_v once_o more_o for_o he_o deserve_v to_o be_v hear_v he_o tell_v we_o in_o that_o same_o book_n that_o sâ—ipio_n pompey_n father-in-law_n bring_v out_o of_o syria_n to_o greece_n omnes_fw-la legiones_fw-la equitesque_fw-la all_o the_o legion_n and_o the_o horseman_n if_o horse_n belong_v proper_o to_o legion_n why_o do_v he_o distinguish_v they_o who_o know_v â—he_n military_a art_n and_o the_o word_n of_o the_o art_n best_o of_o any_o but_o vegetius_n shall_v be_v invincible_a for_o i_o unless_o he_o beat_v himself_o which_o he_o will_v present_o do_v for_o notwithstanding_o all_o he_o have_v say_v in_o the_o six_o chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n yet_o in_o the_o 15_o chapter_n of_o that_o same_o book_n he_o confess_v that_o equites_fw-la locantur_fw-la in_o cornibus_fw-la horseman_n be_v place_v in_o the_o wing_n and_o in_o the_o 17_o chapter_n he_o say_v equites_fw-la ponuniur_fw-fr in_fw-la cornibus_fw-la it_o a_o vi_o loricaâ—â—_n amnes_fw-la juncti_fw-la sint_fw-la peditibus_fw-la the_o horseman_n be_v place_v in_o the_o wing_n so_o that_o all_o the_o heavy_a arm_a horse_n join_v with_o the_o foot_n what_o mean_v that_o join_v with_o the_o foot_n it_o be_v that_o one_o part_n of_o they_o join_v with_o the_o foot_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o the_o other_o on_o the_o left_a and_o so_o himself_o clear_v it_o in_o that_o very_a chapter_n where_o he_o say_v if_o horseman_n be_v too_o weak_a according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o ancient_n footman_n who_o himself_o and_o out_o of_o vegetius_n himself_o be_v swift_a arm_v with_o light_a target_n and_o exercise_v in_o that_o manner_n of_o fight_n be_v to_o be_v mix_v with_o they_o for_o foot_n mix_v with_o the_o horse_n and_o horse_n join_v to_o the_o foot_n be_v two_o several_a thing_n and_o in_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o the_o same_o book_n he_o say_v the_o horse_n be_v call_v the_o wing_n because_o they_o protect_v the_o foot_n ad_fw-la similitudinem_fw-la alarnm_fw-la to_o the_o similitude_n of_o wing_n let_v now_o any_o man_n reconcile_v vegetius_n to_o himself_o and_o he_o and_o i_o shall_v be_v very_o soon_o good_a friend_n but_o the_o hastati_fw-la make_v a_o terrible_a clamour_n and_o cry_v they_o have_v wrong_v do_v they_o error_n four_o error_n by_o vegetius_n in_o marshal_n the_o principes_fw-la before_o they_o they_o say_v that_o be_v the_o young_a and_o least_o experience_a it_o be_v some_o honour_n do_v to_o they_o to_o place_v they_o in_o the_o first_o battalion_n for_o thereby_o they_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o first_o fury_n of_o a_o enemy_n which_o many_o time_n they_o valiant_o repel_v if_o not_o they_o serve_v at_o least_o as_o the_o great_a turk_n asapi_fw-la to_o blunt_v both_o the_o enemy_n courage_n and_o sword_n the_o principes_fw-la cry_v as_o loud_o that_o vegetius_n have_v robe_v they_o of_o the_o dignity_n they_o always_o have_v to_o stand_v in_o the_o middle_n between_o the_o hastati_fw-la and_o the_o triarii_n and_o to_o be_v look_v on_o as_o the_o restorer_n of_o the_o battle_n when_o the_o hastati_fw-la be_v worsted_n but_o neither_o of_o they_o have_v so_o good_a reason_n to_o complain_v as_o the_o triarii_n who_o we_o shall_v hear_v anon_o and_o assure_o to_o i_o it_o seem_v very_o strange_a that_o not_o only_o in_o the_o mention_a place_n but_o all_o along_o in_o his_o whole_a treatise_n our_o author_n marshal_n the_o principes_fw-la before_o the_o hastati_fw-la against_o the_o universal_a consent_n of_o all_o history_n livy_n in_o his_o seven_o book_n tell_v how_o lenus_fw-la the_o consul_n draw_v up_o his_o hastati_fw-la in_o the_o van_n the_o principes_fw-la in_o the_o middle_n and_o the_o triarii_n in_o the_o rear_n against_o the_o gaul_n and_o then_o be_v the_o roman_a discipline_n strict_o observe_v so_o be_v the_o hastati_fw-la in_o the_o van_n when_o marcellus_n fight_v at_o canusium_n with_o hannibal_n liv._o lib._n 27._o and_o in_o his_o 37_o book_n he_o inform_v we_o that_o scipio_n asiaâ—icus_n in_o the_o battle_n he_o fight_v with_o antiochus_n order_v his_o hastati_fw-la in_o the_o van_n the_o principes_fw-la in_o the_o middle_n and_o the_o triarii_n in_o the_o rear_n and_o that_o i_o may_v not_o weary_a my_o reader_n with_o instance_n i_o believe_v and_o upon_o good_a ground_n that_o in_o all_o livy_n decade_n that_o be_v extant_a vegetius_n nor_o any_o for_o he_o shall_v not_o read_v that_o the_o hastati_fw-la be_v place_v behind_o the_o principes_fw-la except_o once_o that_o it_o be_v write_v i_o suppose_v not_o by_o himself_o in_o his_o thirty_o book_n that_o scipiâ—_n in_o his_o battle_n against_o sip_n 〈…〉_o asarubal_n marshal_v the_o principes_fw-la before_o the_o hastati_fw-la and_o lipsius_n have_v good_a reason_n to_o think_v that_o this_o place_n be_v falsify_v since_o polybius_n out_o of_o who_o it_o be_v like_o livy_n have_v the_o story_n write_v the_o very_a contrary_n that_o be_v that_o scipio_n marshal_v the_o principes_fw-la behind_o the_o hastati_fw-la and_o if_o this_o place_n be_v not_o corrupt_v than_o livius_n shall_v contradict_v himself_o for_o in_o his_o eight_o book_n he_o say_v once_o for_o all_o hastati_fw-la omnium_fw-la primi_fw-la pugnam_fw-la inibant_fw-la the_o javelineer_n say_v he_o first_o of_o all_o begin_v the_o battle_n and_o sure_o the_o same_o scipio_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o zama_n against_o hannibal_n place_v the_o hastati_fw-la in_o the_o van_n by_o a_o good_a token_n for_o they_o be_v so_o mix_v with_o the_o enemy_n that_o he_o be_v glad_a to_o found_v a_o retreat_n for_o they_o that_o he_o may_v have_v ground_n to_o bring_v his_o principes_fw-la up_z to_o the_o medley_n which_o the_o same_o livy_n report_v to_o we_o in_o the_o five_o place_n polybius_n complain_v that_o vegetius_n have_v murder_v five_o of_o his_o error_n five_o error_n centurion_n for_o he_o in_o his_o six_o book_n appoint_v sixty_o for_o every_o legion_n whereof_o vegetius_n in_o the_o eight_o chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n produce_v but_o five_o and_o fifty_o yet_o he_o need_v not_o be_v afraid_a to_o be_v bring_v to_o any_o juridical_a trial_n for_o this_o assassination_n true_o it_o seem_v strange_a to_o i_o that_o polybius_n his_o legion_n consist_v but_o of_o 3000_o heavy_a arm_v shall_v have_v sixty_o centurion_n and_o that_o of_o vegetius_n which_o be_v a_o hundred_o more_o than_o twice_o as_o strong_a shall_v have_v but_o 55_o for_o all_o his_o 6100_o be_v heavy_a arm_v as_o he_o describe_v they_o in_o that_o same_o chapter_n i_o can_v fancy_v no_o reason_n for_o this_o but_o that_o it_o be_v his_o fancy_n to_o write_v so_o i_o confess_v indeed_o it_o be_v more_o than_o probable_a that_o at_o the_o first_o institution_n by_o romulus_n that_o band_n of_o man_n which_o be_v call_v a_o century_n consist_v of_o one_o hundred_o man_n and_o so_o the_o centurion_n be_v no_o more_o but_o thirty_o and_o in_o process_n of_o time_n in_o a_o legion_n of_o that_o same_o strength_n may_v be_v sixty_o for_o as_o i_o tell_v you_o in_o my_o discourse_n of_o the_o infantery_n though_o the_o particular_a band_n of_o a_o legion_n come_v to_o consist_v but_o of_o sixty_o man_n and_o those_o of_o the_o triarii_n perhaps_o but_o of_o
he_o speak_v there_o of_o macedonian_a and_o persian_a warrior_n and_o be_v confute_v calisthenes_n his_o history_n of_o the_o battle_n of_o issus_n between_o alexander_n and_o daâ—ius_n as_o i_o note_v before_o achilles_n terduzzi_n imagine_v the_o roman_a foot_n to_o have_v be_v twelve_o in_o file_n but_o that_o be_v to_o make_v good_a his_o conjecture_n of_o the_o quantity_n of_o ground_n a_o consular_a army_n take_v up_o whereof_o i_o may_v chance_v to_o speak_v hereafter_o but_o the_o common_a opinion_n carry_v i_o along_o with_o it_o that_o both_o the_o roman_a horse_n and_o foot_n ordinary_o be_v deep_a roman_a horse_n and_o foot_n teâ—_n deep_a marshal_v ten_o in_o file_n but_o upon_o emergency_n general_n may_v alter_v it_o though_o i_o confess_v the_o strong_a reason_n for_o it_o to_o i_o seem_v very_o weak_a which_o be_v that_o the_o leader_n of_o the_o horse_n be_v call_v decurio_fw-la and_o he_o of_o the_o file_n of_o foot_n decâ—nus_n for_o this_o last_o be_v appropriate_v to_o other_o office_n and_o the_o first_o by_o aelian_n translator_n be_v give_v to_o the_o leader_n of_o a_o macedonian_a file_n which_o consist_v of_o sixteen_o but_o this_o supposition_n as_o probable_a we_o must_v make_v the_o basis_n or_o ground_n on_o which_o to_o build_v our_o most_o probable_a conjecture_n of_o the_o interval_n of_o several_a body_n and_o class_n in_o which_o both_o our_o author_n give_v we_o small_a assistance_n yet_o i_o shall_v give_v you_o all_o i_o can_v pick_v out_o of_o they_o or_o other_o on_o that_o subject_a when_o polybius_n in_o his_o twelve_o book_n tell_v we_o that_o for_o most_o part_n horseman_n be_v range_v eight_o depth_n meaning_n i_o think_v the_o persian_a horse_n he_o subjoin_v that_o there_o must_v be_v a_o interval_n between_o several_a troop_n but_o what_o that_o interval_n be_v he_o forget_v to_o tell_v we_o it_o be_v pity_n he_o who_o know_v thing_n so_o well_o shall_v needless_o have_v keep_v they_o up_o from_o we_o as_o secret_n the_o reason_n he_o give_v for_o a_o interval_n between_o two_o troop_n do_v not_o weigh_v much_o because_o say_v he_o they_o troop_n interval_n between_o troop_n must_v have_v ground_n for_o conversion_n that_o be_v to_o face_n to_o either_o right_a or_o left_a hand_n or_o by_o any_o of_o they_o to_o the_o rear_n if_o any_o of_o these_o be_v needful_a whole_a squadron_n of_o four_o six_o or_o eight_o troop_n join_v together_o may_v do_v it_o as_o easy_o and_o convenient_o as_o single_a troop_n which_o consist_v of_o three_o or_o four_o file_n at_o most_o but_o conversion_n on_o that_o same_o ground_n be_v seldom_o necessary_a never_o convenient_a but_o be_v leave_v to_o guess_v how_o many_o foot_n of_o interval_n troop_n ten_o deep_a conjecture_v conjecture_v require_v one_o from_o another_o i_o conjecture_v eight_o foot_n which_o i_o ground_n on_o that_o the_o same_o polybius_n say_v in_o that_o same_o twelve_o book_n which_o be_v that_o a_o stadium_n or_o furlong_n contain_v eight_o hundred_o horse_n draw_v up_o in_o battle_n then_o i_o say_v first_o a_o stadium_n be_v the_o eight_o part_n of_o a_o italian_a mile_n one_o hundred_o twenty_o five_o pace_n six_o hundred_o twenty_o five_o foot_n second_o eight_o hundred_o horse_n be_v at_o our_o author_n rate_n eight_o in_o file_n be_v one_o hundred_o in_o front_n three_o for_o every_o horseman_n to_o stand_v on_o horse_n back_o and_o room_n to_o handle_v his_o arm_n i_o allow_v with_o other_o four_o foot_n of_o ground_n and_o so_o for_o one_o hundred_o horse_n four_o hundred_o foot_n four_o according_a to_o polybius_n and_o i_o suppose_v the_o polybius_n out_o of_o polybius_n roman_a rule_n the_o eight_o hundred_o horse_n must_v be_v divide_v into_o several_a troop_n and_o in_o each_o of_o they_o but_o thirty_o rider_n so_o there_o will_v be_v twenty_o â—â—x_n complete_a troop_n and_o twenty_o horseman_n for_o the_o twenty_o seven_o troop_n five_o twenty_o seven_o troop_n require_v twenty_o six_o interval_n now_o allow_v with_o polybius_n a_o stadium_n for_o eight_o hundred_o horseman_n that_o be_v for_o one_o hundred_o in_o front_n and_o for_o these_o hundred_o allow_v with_o i_o four_o hundred_o foot_n for_o the_o horseman_n to_o stand_v on_o you_o will_v have_v of_o six_o hundred_o twenty_o five_o foot_n of_o ground_n for_o your_o twenty_o six_o interval_n two_o hundred_o and_o seventeen_o foot_n and_o that_o will_v be_v eight_o foot_n and_o near_o one_o half_a for_o every_o interval_n so_o my_o opinion_n be_v if_o i_o understand_v polybius_n right_a that_o the_o interval_n between_o two_o single_a troop_n be_v about_o eight_o foot_n but_o let_v we_o fancy_v the_o roman_a horse_n to_o have_v be_v ten_o in_o file_n and_o so_o every_o troop_n only_o three_o in_o front_n for_o so_o i_o probable_o think_v they_o be_v and_o let_v uâ—_n remember_v that_o in_o every_o consular_a army_n there_o be_v twenty_o roman_a troop_n and_o forty_o of_o the_o ally_n in_o all_o sixty_o fancy_n those_o sixty_o troop_n draw_v up_o in_o one_o field_n upon_o one_o of_o the_o wing_n of_o the_o army_n as_o several_a time_n all_o the_o cavalry_n be_v marshal_v on_o one_o wing_n they_o must_v have_v fifty_o nine_o interval_n next_o remember_v that_o sixty_o troop_n at_o thirty_o in_o a_o troop_n be_v compose_v of_o eighteen_o hundred_o interval_n too_o many_o interval_n rider_n these_o draw_v up_o ten_o in_o file_n make_v one_o hundred_o and_o eighty_o leadder_n allow_v to_o every_o one_o of_o these_o four_o foot_n that_o will_v amount_v to_o seven_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o foot_n then_o for_o fifty_o nine_o interval_n which_o according_a to_o polybius_n sixty_o troop_n must_v have_v you_o be_v to_o allow_v four_o hundred_o seventy_o two_o foot_n at_o eight_o foot_n for_o each_o interval_n i_o suppose_v still_o that_o which_o i_o can_v scarce_o believe_v of_o so_o many_o interval_n but_o add_v four_o hundred_o seventy_o two_o foot_n to_o seven_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o the_o aggregate_v will_v be_v eleven_o hundred_o ninety_o two_o foot_n how_o these_o sixty_o troop_n marshal_v so_o thin_a so_o few_o in_o front_n with_o so_o many_o interval_n can_v stand_v out_o the_o brisk_a and_o furious_a charge_n of_o a_o numerous_a and_o courageous_a enemy_n be_v beyond_o my_o fancy_n unless_o they_o have_v be_v interline_v with_o wellarmed_n foot_n as_o to_o the_o distance_n between_o body_n of_o foot_n polybius_n in_o the_o twelâ—th_o book_n polybius_n overâ—ight_n in_o polybius_n so_o often_o cite_v allow_v express_o six_o foot_n between_o file_n but_o he_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v in_o that_o place_n of_o the_o macedonian_a phalanx_n confute_v the_o impertinent_a relation_n of_o calisthenes_n but_o he_o speak_v not_o there_o or_o elsewhere_o oâ—_n distance_n between_o roman_a file_n and_o yet_o here_o be_v a_o inadvertency_n in_o that_o great_a man_n as_o we_o shall_v see_v another_o immediate_o in_o vegetius_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n polybius_n allow_v six_o thousand_o foot_n of_o ground_n for_o the_o front_n or_o longitude_n of_o sixteen_o thousand_o man_n sixteen_o deep_a and_o so_o we_o have_v one_o thousand_o file_n between_o every_o one_o of_o the_o file_n he_o allowâ—_n six_o foot_n of_o distance_n so_o the_o distance_n do_v complete_o take_v up_o his_o six_o thousand_o foot_n and_o so_o no_o ground_n be_v allow_v to_o stand_v on_o to_o which_o if_o he_o have_v advert_v he_o will_v have_v allow_v one_o foot_n to_o each_o man_n whereon_o to_o stand_v and_o consequent_o seven_o thousand_o foot_n for_o one_o thousand_o file_n in_o front_n but_o i_o shall_v not_o question_v the_o six_o foot_n of_o distance_n between_o file_n be_v i_o have_v tell_v you_o in_o the_o grecian_a militia_n that_o much_o be_v necessary_a for_o their_o pike-man_n between_o rank_n on_o their_o march_n though_o not_o between_o file_n and_o that_o in_o stand_v in_o battle_n they_o use_v densatio_n three_o foot_n of_o distance_n and_o in_o fight_n constipate_v one_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a vegetius_n be_v more_o inexcusable_a than_o polybius_n for_o he_o allow_v for_o the_o rank_n one_o foot_n vegetius_n two_o in_o vegetius_n of_o ground_n to_o stand_v on_o in_o these_o word_n singuli_fw-la bellatâ—res_fw-la stantes_fw-la singulos_fw-la obtinent_fw-la pedes_fw-la every_o combatant_n say_v he_o take_v up_o one_o foot_n of_o ground_n but_o that_o he_o allow_v none_o for_o they_o to_o stand_v on_o when_o he_o speak_v of_o file_n i_o prove_v thus_o in_o the_o fourteen_o chapter_n of_o his_o three_o book_n he_o allow_v three_o foot_n of_o distance_n between_o file_n and_o in_o the_o next_o place_n say_v that_o ten_o thousand_o man_n marshal_v file_n the_o first_o in_o distance_n of_o file_n six_o deep_a make_v a_o front_n of_o sixteen_o hundred_o sixty_o six_o and_o so_o it_o do_v with_o a_o fraction_n only_o of_o four_o hitherto_o he_o be_v very_o right_a but_o conclude_v very_o
velite_n be_v not_o to_o stand_v in_o the_o interval_n of_o the_o heavy_a arm_v but_o only_o either_o to_o advance_v to_o the_o van_n or_o retire_v to_o the_o rear_n through_o they_o and_o he_o know_v too_o that_o the_o interval_n between_o maniple_n be_v principal_o for_o the_o maniple_n of_o the_o first_o class_n to_o fall_v in_o the_o interval_n of_o the_o second_o class_n and_o the_o interval_n of_o the_o three_o batallion_n for_o the_o maniple_n of_o the_o other_o two_o to_o full_a back_n to_o they_o and_o therefore_o to_o allow_v but_o ten_o foot_n for_o every_o one_o of_o these_o interval_n be_v a_o inexcusable_a error_n in_o he_o and_o a_o conjecture_n which_o have_v no_o coherence_n with_o sense_n nor_o can_v ever_o be_v justify_v by_o reason_n that_o general_n never_o breathe_v that_o can_v draw_v up_o a_o band_n of_o man_n consist_v of_o twelve_o file_n in_o ten_o foot_n of_o ground_n now_o every_o maniple_n of_o the_o pâ—â—â—cipes_n and_o hastati_fw-la according_a to_o polybius_n who_o lipsius_n follow_v consist_v of_o one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o man_n and_o these_o be_v ten_o deep_a constitute_v twelve_o file_n these_o have_v eleven_o interval_n every_o one_o of_o which_o being_n three_o foot_n make_v thirty_o three_o foot_n add_v twelve_o to_o that_o for_o the_o twelve_o file_n to_o stand_v on_o the_o aggregate_v maniples_n true_a interval_n between_o maniples_n be_v forty_o five_o foot_n and_o if_o you_o allow_v but_o two_o foot_n for_o every_o interval_n between_o file_n the_o interval_n between_o two_o maniple_n must_v be_v thirty_o four_o foot_n for_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a you_o can_v allow_v less_o ground_n for_o a_o interval_n than_o that_o which_o a_o body_n possess_v that_o be_v ordain_v to_o stand_v in_o that_o interval_n hence_o i_o think_v it_o be_v obvious_a to_o common_a sense_n that_o all_o the_o interval_n between_o the_o maniple_n of_o the_o hastati_fw-la and_o principes_fw-la be_v of_o forty_o five_o foot_n or_o thirty_o four_o at_o least_o and_o those_o of_o the_o triarii_n of_o ninety_o foot_n or_o sixty_o eight_o at_o least_o in_o regard_n they_o be_v to_o receive_v the_o maniple_n of_o both_o the_o hastati_fw-la and_o principes_fw-la in_o the_o clear_n this_o point_n of_o distance_n i_o have_v be_v perhaps_o too_o prolix_a and_o have_v use_v repetition_n which_o i_o condemn_v in_o other_o but_o be_v it_o be_v almost_o impossible_a to_o have_v so_o much_o as_o a_o general_a notion_n of_o a_o roman_a army_n how_o it_o be_v marshal_v or_o of_o any_o other_o army_n unless_o you_o know_v the_o interval_n i_o have_v not_o think_v it_o amiss_o to_o spend_v a_o little_a paper_n on_o that_o subject_a and_o indeed_o we_o be_v leave_v as_o in_o many_o other_o point_n necessary_a to_o be_v know_v so_o in_o this_o to_o grope_v in_o the_o dark_a nor_o have_v i_o be_v so_o severe_a to_o the_o learned_a lipsius_n for_o his_o extravagant_a conjecture_n of_o roman_a interval_n but_o i_o shall_v be_v ready_a to_o accept_v and_o desire_v other_o to_o do_v so_o too_o of_o his_o own_o excuse_n which_o i_o shall_v give_v you_o in_o his_o own_o word_n as_o i_o find_v they_o in_o the_o four_o book_n of_o his_o commentary_n hâ—â—_n 〈◊〉_d as_o i_o as_o â—â—_o rerâ—â—â—â—_n veterâ—â—â—_n quas_fw-la excuse_v lipsius_n excuse_v revera_fw-la per_fw-la leves_fw-la conjecturas_fw-la &_o fallacia_fw-la vestigia_fw-la 〈◊〉_d ah_o say_v he_o my_o darkness_n or_o that_o of_o ancient_a thing_n which_o indeed_o we_o must_v hunt_v after_o with_o uncertain_a conjecture_n and_o through_o fallacious_a footstep_n chap._n xv._o of_o the_o roman_a ally_n and_o auxiliary_n and_o the_o mistake_v of_o some_o author_n concern_v they_o you_o may_v read_v very_o frequent_o in_o roman_a story_n of_o socii_fw-la ally_n and_o confederate_n who_o be_v oblige_v by_o covenant_n and_o stipulation_n to_o send_v out_o such_o a_o assistance_n of_o man_n for_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n as_o the_o senate_n or_o the_o consul_n require_v till_o a_o little_a before_o julius_n caesar_n time_n after_o that_o you_o shall_v read_v no_o more_o of_o they_o for_o than_o they_o be_v all_o make_v citizen_n of_o rome_n and_o reckon_v to_o be_v of_o one_o incorporation_n the_o difference_n between_o ally_n and_o auxiliary_n be_v the_o first_o can_v only_a be_v italian_n the_o second_o be_v of_o any_o other_o nation_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o though_o we_o read_v of_o no_o ally_n that_o join_v with_o lucullâ—â—_n sylla_n pompâ—y_n caesar_n anthony_n vespasian_n and_o his_o son_n titus_n yet_o we_o find_v their_o army_n mighty_o strengthen_v by_o auxiliary_n but_o indeed_o the_o roman_n do_v but_o fool_n some_o of_o the_o italian_a town_n and_o republic_n with_o the_o goodly_a show_n of_o alliance_n and_o the_o honourable_a title_n of_o socii_fw-la whereas_o true_o they_o use_v they_o no_o better_a than_o vassal_n oblige_v use_v roman_n ally_n ill_o use_v they_o to_o follow_v they_o in_o the_o pursuance_n of_o their_o ambitious_a design_n with_o as_o many_o force_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n as_o the_o senate_n please_v to_o impose_v on_o they_o and_o to_o serve_v at_o their_o own_o charge_n except_o a_o little_a proviant_a which_o with_o the_o help_n of_o these_o same_o ally_n they_o take_v from_o a_o enemy_n hence_o come_v these_o many_o grievance_n of_o the_o confederated_a town_n mention_v in_o the_o roman_a history_n and_o once_o a_o total_a rapture_n of_o the_o latin_n from_o they_o till_o after_o much_o bloodshed_n they_o be_v reduce_v to_o their_o former_a condition_n till_o the_o roman_n have_v overmastered_n hannibal_n philip_n of_o macedon_n and_o the_o great_a king_n of_o syria_n antiochus_n we_o shall_v seldom_o read_v of_o any_o of_o their_o army_n that_o be_v not_o pvissant_o assist_v by_o their_o ally_n the_o number_n either_o as_o to_o foot_n or_o horse_n ally_n number_n of_o the_o ally_n of_o which_o that_o assistance_n consist_v may_v be_v collect_v from_o the_o several_a time_n of_o their_o 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officer_v marshal_v encamp_v and_o discipline_v according_a to_o the_o roman_a custom_n only_o with_o this_o difference_n that_o those_o who_o command_v roman_a legion_n be_v call_v tribune_n but_o those_o who_o command_v the_o legion_n of_o the_o ally_n be_v call_v prafecti_n i_o conceive_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o title_n be_v this_o the_o tribune_n be_v elect_v for_o most_o part_n by_o the_o tribe_n whence_o he_o have_v his_o name_n tribunus_n but_o those_o of_o the_o ally_n roman_n consul_n power_n over_o the_o ally_n ally_n be_v nominate_v by_o the_o roman_a consul_n for_o the_o ally_n have_v no_o power_n to_o appoint_v or_o commissionate_v their_o own_o praefecti_fw-la that_o have_v entrench_v too_o much_o upon_o the_o lordly_a power_n the_o roman_n still_o keep_v in_o their_o own_o hand_n and_o be_v bind_v most_o strong_o to_o obey_v that_o consul_n with_o who_o they_o join_v so_o we_o see_v how_o little_a difference_n the_o haughty_a roman_n make_v between_o their_o confederated_a friend_n and_o their_o vassal_n which_o i_o hint_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o chapter_n and_o in_o this_o point_n the_o consul_n have_v more_o power_n over_o the_o ally_n than_o over_o the_o roman_n themselves_o for_o the_o roman_a people_n for_o most_o part_n choose_v the_o roman_a tribune_n and_o not_o the_o consul_n chap._n xvi_o of_o a_o roman_a consular_a army_n and_o some_o mistake_v concern_v it_o i_o know_v not_o from_o whence_o this_o denomination_n of_o a_o consular_a army_n be_v come_v unless_o it_o be_v that_o polybius_n in_o his_o six_o book_n say_v that_o ordinary_o every_o year_n four_o legion_n be_v levy_v for_o the_o state_n service_n two_o for_o every_o consul_n and_o this_o livy_n do_v witness_v to_o have_v be_v do_v often_o but_o neither_o the_o one_o nor_o the_o other_o have_v assert_v that_o a_o consul_n never_o have_v more_o or_o few_o legion_n in_o his_o army_n than_o two_o polybius_n mean_v that_o a_o consular_a army_n 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legion_n and_o to_o let_v we_o see_v that_o he_o will_v keep_v a_o proportionable_a way_n in_o contradict_v army_n second_o in_o a_o consular_a army_n himself_o he_o say_v against_o a_o strong_a enemy_n a_o consul_n be_v send_v with_o twenty_o thousand_o foot_n and_o four_o thousand_o horse_n and_o that_o be_v as_o he_o explain_v himself_o in_o the_o four_o chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n two_o legion_n of_o roman_n with_o the_o help_n of_o the_o ally_n now_o i_o beseech_v you_o hear_v he_o speak_v for_o himself_o and_o first_o in_o the_o six_o chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n he_o say_v that_o the_o legion_n must_v consist_v of_o six_o thousand_o one_o hundred_o foot_n and_o seven_o hundred_o twenty_o six_o horse_n second_o in_o this_o first_o chapter_n of_o his_o three_o book_n he_o make_v four_o legion_n of_o the_o roman_a and_o ally_n foot_n to_o be_v but_o twenty_o thousand_o which_o by_o his_o own_o rule_n shall_v have_v be_v twenty_o four_o thousand_o four_o hundred_o for_o his_o word_n former_o be_v that_o no_o legion_n shall_v be_v under_o six_o thousand_o one_o hundred_o and_o those_o heavy_a arm_v too_o and_o whereas_o by_o his_o own_o appointment_n in_o the_o six_o chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n every_o legion_n shall_v have_v have_v seven_o hundred_o twenty_o six_o horse_n more_o than_o any_o other_o author_n allow_v in_o this_o chapter_n he_o increase_v their_o number_n to_o one_o thousand_o for_o he_o order_v the_o horse_n of_o four_o legion_n to_o be_v full_a four_o thousand_o the_o foot_n of_o a_o consular_a army_n four_o thousand_o four_o hundred_o below_o and_o the_o horse_n one_o thousand_o ninety_o six_o above_o his_o own_o allowance_n you_o see_v how_o vegetius_n clash_v with_o vegetius_n it_o be_v not_o i_o that_o quarrel_n with_o he_o in_o the_o second_o place_n he_o say_v if_o a_o infinite_a multitude_n of_o fierce_a nation_n rebel_v rebel_v against_o who_o certain_o he_o mean_v against_o the_o roman_n but_o how_o can_v they_o rebel_v before_o they_o profess_v to_o be_v subject_a assure_o these_o fierce_a nation_n he_o speak_v of_o swear_v neither_o fealty_n nor_o homage_n to_o romulus_n nor_o rome_n when_o inadvertency_n his_o inadvertency_n he_o first_o found_v it_o if_o they_o defend_v themselves_o so_o long_o as_o they_o can_v from_o the_o dominion_n of_o stranger_n they_o do_v what_o nature_n command_v they_o and_o be_v no_o rebel_n he_o will_v find_v spain_n itself_o after_o long_a and_o bloody_a war_n never_o reduce_v to_o a_o province_n till_o augustus_n time_n you_o see_v what_o word_n his_o inadvertency_n prompt_v he_o to_o utter_v in_o this_o case_n of_o a_o great_a rebellion_n he_o say_v two_o consul_n with_o the_o army_n be_v join_v together_o with_o a_o command_n to_o look_v to_o it_o that_o the_o commonwealth_n suffer_v no_o damage_n but_o this_o command_n be_v give_v many_o time_n when_o two_o consul_n do_v not_o nor_o need_v not_o bring_v their_o force_n together_o three_o you_o have_v hear_v he_o aver_v that_o in_o the_o great_a war_n which_o the_o roman_a state_n manage_v their_o great_a army_n consist_v of_o twenty_o thousand_o foot_n and_o four_o thousand_o horse_n twenty_o four_o thousand_o in_o all_o and_o that_o two_o of_o those_o army_n join_v together_o make_v of_o both_o forty_o eight_o thousand_o combatant_n do_v suffice_v in_o the_o great_a danger_n true_o vegetius_n if_o hannibal_n have_v be_v alive_a story_n his_o contradiction_n of_o roman_a story_n when_o you_o write_v this_o he_o can_v have_v inform_v you_o that_o he_o force_v your_o master_n the_o roman_n to_o join_v two_o such_o army_n and_o more_o before_o ever_o they_o have_v to_o do_v with_o those_o fierce_a nation_n you_o speak_v of_o except_o a_o few_o spaniard_n and_o the_o cisalpine_a or_o italian_a gaul_n unless_o you_o take_v the_o sicilian_n and_o carthaginian_n to_o be_v those_o fierce_a nation_n with_o the_o
first_o whereof_o they_o quarrel_v and_o invade_v they_o and_o with_o the_o second_o break_v peace_n without_o either_o regard_n to_o justice_n or_o sense_n of_o honour_n but_o tell_v i_o have_v the_o two_o consul_n at_o cannae_n no_o more_o but_o forty_o eight_o thousand_o roman_n and_o ally_n read_v polybius_n his_o four_o book_n you_o will_v see_v they_o have_v eight_o legion_n of_o roman_n and_o as_o many_o ally_n at_o five_o thousand_o foot_n each_o legion_n and_o three_o hundred_o horse_n and_o these_o extend_v to_o eighty_o thousand_o foot_n and_o seven_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o horse_n reckon_v the_o ally_n cavalry_n double_a that_o of_o the_o roman_n read_v livy_n twenty_o second_o book_n you_o will_v see_v hannibal_n kill_v at_o that_o same_o battle_n forty_o five_o thousand_o roman_a foot_n and_o two_o thousand_o seven_o hundred_o horse_n beside_o ally_n and_o the_o same_o historian_n will_v tell_v you_o in_o plain_a language_n that_o the_o roman_a army_n at_o that_o place_n consist_v of_o fourscore_o and_o seven_o thousand_o fight_a man_n and_o before_o hannibal_n enter_v italy_n have_v the_o roman_n no_o strong_a army_n against_o the_o gaul_n than_o forty_o eight_o thousand_o man_n yes_o both_o polybius_n and_o livy_n will_v tell_v you_o of_o far_o great_a number_n read_v in_o other_o history_n whether_o marius_n have_v but_o forty_o eight_o thousand_o roman_n against_o the_o fierce_a nation_n of_o the_o cimbrian_o and_o the_o teutones_n how_o vain_a a_o thing_n it_o be_v then_o for_o a_o author_n of_o vegetius_n his_o reputation_n to_o aver_v that_o against_o the_o mighty_a enemy_n two_o consular_a army_n each_o of_o twenty_o four_o thousand_o man_n be_v sufficient_a against_o the_o current_n of_o history_n four_o he_o lay_v it_o down_o for_o a_o unquestionable_a truth_n that_o one_o consul_n vegetius_n a_o bold_a assertion_n of_o vegetius_n have_v never_o more_o than_o two_o legion_n of_o roman_n and_o as_o many_o of_o the_o ally_n against_o the_o most_o powerful_a enemy_n be_v please_v to_o hear_v his_o own_o word_n in_o the_o four_o chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n in_o omnibus_fw-la auctoribus_fw-la invenitur_fw-la singulos_fw-la consules_a adversus_fw-la host_n copiâ—sissimos_fw-la non_fw-la amplius_fw-la quam_fw-la binas_fw-la duxisse_fw-la legiones_fw-la additis_fw-la auxiliis_fw-la seciorum_fw-la in_o all_o author_n say_v he_o it_o be_v find_v that_o every_o consul_n never_o lead_v more_o against_o the_o most_o numerous_a enemy_n than_o two_o legion_n with_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o ally_n and_o that_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v say_v he_o have_v write_v so_o manifest_a a_o untruth_n without_o a_o reason_n he_o add_v tanta_fw-la in_o illis_fw-la erat_fw-la exercitatio_fw-la tanta_fw-la fiducia_fw-la ut_fw-la cuivis_fw-la bello_fw-la dua_fw-la legiones_fw-la crederentur_fw-la sufficere_fw-la they_o be_v so_o well_o train_v and_o have_v so_o great_a confidence_n that_o two_o legion_n be_v think_v to_o be_v sufficient_a for_o any_o war._n do_v ever_o man_n write_v so_o if_o two_o legion_n be_v sufficient_a in_o any_o war_n why_o be_v four_o legion_n and_o two_o consul_n employ_v against_o the_o fierce_a nation_n he_o just_a now_o speak_v of_o but_o i_o will_v come_v near_o he_o and_o tell_v he_o that_o it_o be_v very_o often_o find_v in_o author_n that_o one_o consul_n or_o general_n have_v the_o conduct_n of_o more_o than_o two_o legion_n and_o therefore_o vegetius_n his_o word_n that_o i_o cite_v last_o must_v either_o be_v false_a or_o those_o author_n who_o i_o shall_v cite_v do_v gross_o abuse_v we_o i_o shall_v not_o repeat_v the_o business_n of_o can_v but_o be_v please_v to_o take_v these_o other_o instance_n when_o caesar_n hear_v of_o the_o dreadful_a preparation_n of_o the_o helvetian_o to_o stop_v caesar_n instance_n of_o late_a time_n to_o the_o contrary_a of_o caesar_n that_o inundation_n he_o post_v to_o italy_n and_o raise_v two_o new_a legion_n join_v they_o with_o 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eleven_o at_o pharsalia_n beside_o a_o world_n of_o auxiliary_n and_o there_o caesar_n have_v eight_o and_o at_o brundisium_n when_o he_o be_v in_o pursuit_n of_o the_o fly_a senate_n he_o have_v twelve_o legion_n thus_o we_o see_v that_o great_a caesar_n the_o most_o dare_a consul_n that_o ever_o be_v think_v not_o two_o legion_n sufficient_a against_o any_o enemy_n or_o in_o any_o war._n before_o his_o time_n the_o two_o consul_n marius_n and_o scipio_n join_v their_o army_n together_o against_o the_o cimbrian_o and_o scipio_n marius_n and_o scipio_n as_o florus_n tell_v we_o lose_v in_o the_o battle_n eighty_o thousand_o roman_n and_o forty_o thousand_o servant_n and_o baggage-man_n sure_a in_o these_o two_o consular_a army_n there_o be_v four_o legion_n four_o time_n tell_v and_o the_o same_o author_n say_v that_o mark_n anthony_n the_o triumvir_n enter_v media_n with_o eighteen_o legion_n and_o sixteen_o thousand_o horse_n all_o these_o consul_n and_o their_o legate_n live_v long_o before_o vegetius_n and_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o he_o have_v read_v all_o their_o story_n but_o i_o shall_v lead_v he_o up_o to_o those_o time_n when_o his_o time_n of_o more_o ancient_a time_n roman_n be_v not_o so_o powerful_a as_o to_o raise_v so_o numerous_a legion_n and_o yet_o in_o they_o we_o shall_v see_v that_o the_o consul_n be_v not_o stint_v to_o two_o legion_n a_o piece_n as_o he_o have_v very_o confident_o declare_v they_o be_v polybius_n say_v that_o before_o the_o second_o war_n before_o the_o second_o punic_a war_n punic_a war_n the_o roman_n have_v several_a hundred_o thousand_o in_o arm_n i_o hope_v then_o no_o man_n except_o our_o author_n will_v say_v that_o every_o consul_n have_v but_o two_o legion_n allot_v he_o in_o the_o consulship_n of_o young_a camillus_n the_o city_n be_v environ_v camillus_n young_a camillus_n with_o enemy_n ten_o legion_n be_v levy_v two_o of_o they_o be_v leave_v for_o defence_n of_o rome_n four_o be_v give_v to_o the_o prator_n and_o camillus_n take_v four_o to_o himself_o each_o consist_v of_o 4_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o foot_n and_o three_o hundred_o horse_n thus_o we_o see_v not_o only_o that_o a_o consular_a army_n have_v four_o roman_a legion_n in_o it_o a_o thing_n deny_v by_o vegetius_n but_o a_o praetorian_a one_o have_v four_o to_o which_o our_o author_n allow_v but_o one_o you_o may_v read_v this_o in_o livy_n seven_o book_n and_o in_o that_o same_o place_n he_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o consul_n popilius_n lenus_fw-la march_v with_o four_o full_a legion_n against_o the_o enemy_n lenus_fw-la popilius_n lenus_fw-la leave_v a_o considerable_a army_n at_o rome_n to_o wait_v on_o all_o hazard_n in_o his_o six_o book_n he_o say_v old_a camillus_n who_o defeat_v the_o gaul_n march_v with_o four_o legion_n against_o camillus_n old_a camillus_n the_o volscian_n one_o instance_n more_o which_o may_v serve_v to_o decide_v the_o question_n if_o there_o be_v any_o the_o same_o historian_n in_o his_o second_o book_n inform_v we_o that_o the_o dictator_n marcus_n valerius_n levy_v and_o enroll_v ten_o legion_n whereof_o he_o give_v valerius_n marcus_n valerius_n three_o to_o every_o consul_n and_o keep_v four_o to_o himself_o observe_v that_o at_o that_o time_n the_o latin_n be_v ally_n and_o levy_v their_o proportion_n as_o many_o foot_n as_o the_o roman_n do_v and_o twice_o as_o many_o horse_n if_o not_o more_o of_o both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o observe_v also_o that_o in_o those_o time_n the_o roman_a seignory_n be_v of_o no_o large_a extent_n for_o livy_n speak_v of_o these_o levy_n of_o valerius_n say_v so_o many_o legion_n be_v never_o levy_v before_o he_o mean_v never_o at_o one_o time_n these_o be_v sufficient_a enough_o to_o prove_v vegetius_n to_o have_v be_v too_o confident_a when_o he_o say_v that_o never_a roman_a consul_n conduct_v more_o than_o two_o roman_a legion_n even_o against_o the_o most_o numerous_a enemy_n but_o he_o be_v in_o no_o danger_n for_o all_o
consul_n be_v to_o storm_n a_o wedg_n and_o yet_o it_o be_v a_o phalange_n condense_v only_o small_a at_o the_o point_n than_o at_o the_o rest_n of_o its_o dimension_n and_o he_o may_v have_v call_v it_o a_o testudâ—_fw-la or_o tortoise_n if_o he_o have_v please_v for_o they_o stand_v all_o cover_v with_o their_o shield_n and_o great_a target_n which_o represent_v the_o tortoise_n cover_v with_o its_o shell_n give_v that_o figure_n of_o battle_n its_o denomination_n the_o globe-battel_n be_v a_o batallion_n that_o appear_v to_o be_v of_o a_o round_a figure_n and_o ring-figure_n globe_n or_o ring-figure_n if_o it_o be_v perfect_o round_a the_o english_a have_v word_v it_o well_o in_o call_v it_o a_o ring_n i_o find_v it_o often_o mention_v in_o modern_a than_o in_o ancient_a story_n i_o shall_v think_v those_o who_o use_v it_o be_v on_o the_o defensive_a for_o man_n stand_v in_o a_o perfect_a globefigure_v can_v neither_o pursue_v nor_o run_v away_o without_o break_v their_o order_n and_o figure_n of_o their_o battle_n and_o so_o unglobe_n or_o unr_v themselves_o mr._n elton_n give_v we_o its_o figure_n and_o tell_v we_o right_o ingenious_o how_o it_o be_v make_v but_o sure_o it_o be_v not_o feasible_a for_o great_a body_n to_o cast_v themselves_o into_o that_o figure_n i_o incline_v to_o their_o opinion_n who_o think_v it_o be_v but_o a_o wedg_n of_o a_o lesser_a body_n and_o be_v small_a seem_v more_o circular_a and_o i_o the_o rather_o think_v so_o because_o caesar_n in_o his_o book_n of_o the_o alexandrinâ—_n war_n say_v that_o domitius_n one_o of_o his_o legate_n save_v a_o legion_n by_o cast_v it_o in_o a_o ring_n when_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o army_n be_v rout_v at_o nicopâ—lis_n by_o pharnaces_n for_o if_o that_o legion_n have_v be_v in_o a_o perfect_a round_a figure_n it_o can_v not_o have_v retire_v as_o it_o do_v from_o he_o who_o by_o his_o victory_n be_v master_n of_o the_o field_n the_o tenaille_n tongue_n or_o shears_o be_v nothing_o but_o the_o reverse_n of_o the_o wedg_n â—ongs_n tenaille_fw-fr or_o â—ongs_n and_o be_v to_o be_v use_v only_o against_o it_o for_o whereas_o the_o wedg_n be_v sharp_a at_o the_o point_n to_o pierce_v any_o batallion_n that_o stand_v against_o it_o so_o the_o tenaille_n open_v its_o arm_n to_o receive_v and_o embrace_v the_o wedg_n have_v its_o bulk_n notwithstanding_o behind_o to_o oppose_v it_o if_o it_o can_v not_o be_v break_v by_o the_o arm_n of_o the_o tenaille_n and_o a_o squadron_n may_v very_o soon_o cast_v itself_o in_o a_o tenaille_n either_o by_o advance_v its_o two_o flank_n the_o body_n stand_v â—ied_v farm_n or_o yet_o by_o make_v the_o middle_a part_n against_o which_o the_o point_n of_o the_o wedg_n prepare_v retire_v a_o little_a both_o the_o flank_n stand_v still_o either_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o way_n make_v the_o squadron_n a_fw-fr tenaille_fw-fr the_o saw_n be_v a_o great_a batallion_n compose_v of_o several_a squadron_n all_o marshal_v saw_n the_o saw_n in_o the_o form_n of_o wedge_n the_o angular_a point_n of_o which_o wedge_n represent_v the_o tooth_n of_o the_o see_v and_o the_o body_n of_o the_o several_a wedge_n stand_v in_o a_o direct_a line_n represent_v the_o body_n of_o the_o saw_n some_o have_v write_v that_o the_o several_a maniple_n of_o a_o roman_a legion_n do_v represent_v the_o saw_n take_v the_o body_n of_o the_o maniple_n for_o the_o tooth_n and_o the_o interval_n for_o the_o body_n of_o the_o saw_n but_o how_o can_v that_o be_v for_o the_o body_n of_o the_o maniple_n and_o the_o several_a interval_n between_o these_o body_n be_v all_o of_o one_o equal_a front_n and_o so_o be_v not_o the_o tooth_n and_o body_n of_o a_o saw_n and_o unless_o these_o maniple_n have_v be_v make_v a_o little_o sharp_a at_o the_o front_n than_o of_o either_o ten_o or_o twelve_o man_n the_o resemblance_n will_v not_o have_v hold_v we_o do_v not_o read_v that_o the_o roman_n use_v it_o at_o all_o chap._n xix_o of_o some_o custom_n use_v by_o the_o roman_n and_o other_o ancient_a nation_n before_o in_o the_o time_n of_o and_o after_o their_o battle_n the_o grecians_n sing_v a_o hymn_n and_o a_o paan_n both_o before_o and_o after_o their_o battle_n but_o before_o they_o begin_v unless_o they_o be_v surprise_v they_o offer_v sacrifice_n sacrifice_n sacrifice_n to_o such_o of_o their_o god_n and_o goddess_n as_o either_o they_o hope_v will_v be_v for_o they_o or_o fear_v may_v be_v against_o they_o the_o inspection_n of_o the_o entrail_n of_o the_o sacrifice_a beast_n be_v a_o ordinary_a thing_n with_o the_o greek_n as_o all_o their_o historian_n tell_v we_o nor_o be_v this_o custom_n peculiar_a to_o they_o for_o the_o enemy_n of_o mankind_n be_v worship_v by_o the_o roman_n and_o other_o nation_n as_o well_o as_o by_o the_o grecians_n before_o the_o roman_n come_v to_o the_o battle_n they_o be_v somewhat_o nice_a in_o observe_v how_o the_o sacred_a pullet_n do_v eat_v their_o allowance_n which_o furnish_v a_o fair_a occasion_n to_o the_o chicken-master_n to_o usurp_v a_o power_n to_o persuade_v or_o dissuade_v the_o consul_n from_o fight_v when_o they_o please_v instead_o of_o these_o in_o our_o modern_a war_n before_o the_o battle_n the_o turk_n with_o great_a devotion_n attend_v the_o sight_n of_o the_o new_a moon_n and_o both_o he_o and_o other_o mahometan_n howl_v loud_a enough_o to_o their_o impostor_n who_o be_v otherwise_o so_o take_v up_o that_o he_o have_v no_o leisure_n to_o hear_v their_o habbling_n christians_n either_o humble_o offer_v or_o shall_v humble_o offer_v the_o sacrifice_n of_o their_o prayer_n to_o the_o true_a god_n who_o give_v victory_n to_o who_o he_o please_v in_o the_o primitive_a time_n they_o sing_v a_o paan_n and_o a_o hymn_n crux_fw-la vâ—cit_fw-la after_o the_o heathen_n think_v they_o have_v make_v their_o deity_n propitious_a their_o chieftain_n labdure_v to_o encourage_v their_o army_n with_o good_a word_n speech_n oration_n and_o promise_v of_o reward_n their_o speech_n be_v sometime_o premeditate_v and_o sometime_o extemporary_a the_o roman_a general_n use_v to_o harangue_n harangues_fw-fr harangues_fw-fr their_o army_n when_o they_o be_v to_o promalgate_v new_a ordinance_n to_o punish_v grievous_a crime_n or_o to_o fight_v with_o a_o enemy_n sometime_o in_o the_o camp_n and_o sometime_o in_o the_o field_n and_o all_o this_o be_v also_o do_v by_o other_o nation_n though_o it_o may_v be_v not_o so_o well_o when_o the_o roman_a general_n resolve_v either_o to_o fight_v or_o offer_v battle_n they_o cause_v arms._n the_o scarlet_a â—r_o purple_a coat_n of_o arms._n a_o scarlet_a or_o purple_a coat_n of_o arm_n to_o be_v hang_v upon_o the_o point_n of_o a_o long_a spear_n at_o their_o praetorium_n or_o pavilion_n and_o this_o be_v signum_fw-la pugna_fw-la the_o sign_n of_o battle_n and_o then_o every_o one_o prepare_v himself_o for_o his_o proper_a work_n but_o before_o that_o for_o most_o part_n the_o soldier_n have_v direction_n to_o refresh_v themselves_o with_o sleep_n and_o meat_n and_o this_o indeed_o be_v well_o do_v of_o they_o but_o they_o be_v not_o the_o only_a refreshment_n refreshment_n man_n who_o do_v it_o other_o nation_n use_v it_o particular_o we_o read_v that_o hannibal_n practise_v it_o at_o treâ—ia_n for_o there_o he_o order_v his_o army_n the_o night_n before_o he_o fight_v to_o take_v their_o rest_n and_o refreshment_n and_o next_o morning_n set_v upon_o the_o roman_n when_o they_o be_v fast_v to_o which_o livy_n in_o his_o twenty_o first_o book_n most_o attribute_n his_o victory_n after_o these_o thing_n the_o army_n be_v marshal_v in_o the_o field_n whereof_o i_o have_v already_o speak_v sufficient_o be_v ready_a to_o come_v to_o the_o shock_n the_o tessera_fw-la or_o word_n be_v give_v which_o word_n the_o tessera_fw-la or_o word_n all_o both_o officer_n and_o common_a soldier_n receive_v that_o by_o it_o they_o may_v know_v one_o another_o and_o so_o discern_v a_o enemy_n the_o tessera_fw-la be_v either_o one_o word_n or_o one_o sentence_n as_o foelicitas_fw-la libertas_n venus_n genetrix_fw-la one_o of_o julius_n caesar_n optima_fw-la mater_fw-la give_v by_o nero_n the_o worst_a of_o son_n among_o the_o emperor_n after_o their_o conversion_n to_o the_o faith_n deus_fw-la nobiscum_fw-la god_n with_o we_o be_v ordinary_a and_o so_o it_o continue_v to_o be_v often_o use_v among_o the_o german_a danish_a and_o swedish_n army_n next_o to_o the_o word_n be_v the_o shout_n and_o this_o either_o be_v not_o or_o shall_v not_o be_v raise_v till_o the_o army_n be_v at_o that_o distance_n that_o they_o can_v immediate_o come_v to_o blow_n this_o be_v do_v to_o encourage_v their_o own_o man_n shout_n baritus_n or_o shout_n and_o terrify_v their_o enemy_n livius_n in_o his_o four_o book_n inform_v we_o that_o where_o this_o cry_n or_o shout_n be_v very_o loud_o
shrill_a and_o continue_v without_o interruption_n it_o be_v interpret_v to_o be_v a_o certain_a sign_n of_o victory_n but_o if_o it_o be_v dead_a cold_a and_o unequal_a often_o begin_v and_o often_o interrupt_v it_o bewray_v fear_n and_o discouragement_n and_o portend_v ruin_n and_o destruction_n it_o be_v use_v by_o all_o nation_n as_o well_o as_o the_o roman_n and_o the_o word_n baritus_n whereby_o historian_n express_v it_o be_v borrow_v from_o the_o ancient_a german_n who_o cry_n they_o say_v sound_v like_o the_o pronunciation_n of_o that_o word_n they_o cry_v no_o more_o after_o they_o come_v to_o the_o medley_n else_o it_o will_v have_v hinder_v they_o from_o hear_v the_o command_n of_o their_o officer_n either_o by_o word_n of_o mouth_n or_o the_o trumpet_n though_o the_o loud_a noise_n of_o cannon_n and_o musket_n in_o our_o modern_a war_n may_v seem_v reason_n enough_o to_o suppress_v this_o ancient_a custom_n of_o shout_v yet_o it_o neither_o aught_o to_o be_v nor_o yet_o 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fatherless_a and_o father_n childless_a he_o may_v lose_v the_o honour_n and_o beauty_n of_o a_o whole_a province_n yea_o of_o a_o whole_a kingdom_n all_o which_o he_o be_v bind_v by_o his_o office_n and_o charge_n to_o preserve_v the_o consideration_n of_o these_o thing_n move_v most_o of_o the_o ancient_a king_n and_o emperor_n person_n a_o prince_n to_o manage_v his_o war_n in_o person_n and_o those_o of_o latter_a time_n likewise_o to_o manage_v their_o war_n and_o lead_v their_o army_n in_o person_n those_o who_o lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o the_o first_o four_o monarchy_n do_v so_o as_o in_o the_o assyrian_a nimrod_n belus_n ninus_n and_o semiramis_n and_o when_o their_o posterity_n do_v it_o not_o their_o empire_n be_v in_o the_o wain_n and_o end_v with_o sardanapalus_n who_o hide_v himself_o from_o the_o sight_n of_o man_n among_o his_o woman_n cyrus_n lead_v his_o army_n himself_o so_o do_v some_o of_o his_o successor_n but_o when_o other_o of_o they_o stay_v at_o home_n 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