of_o the_o horse_n in_o general_n chap._n 20_o the_o diligence_n to_o be_v use_v in_o choice_n and_o exercise_n of_o the_o best_a form_n of_o battle_n chap._n 21_o of_o chariotts_n the_o name_n and_o degree_n of_o the_o commander_n chap._n 22._o of_o the_o elephant_n the_o name_n and_o degree_n of_o their_o ruler_n chap_n 23._o the_o name_n of_o the_o military_a motion_n express_v in_o this_o book_n chap._n 24._o of_o turn_v and_o double_a turn_n of_o the_o soldier_n face_n as_o they_o stand_v embattle_v chap._n 25._o of_o wheel_v double_a and_o treble_a wheel_a of_o a_o battle_n and_o of_o return_v to_o the_o first_o posture_n chap._n 26._o of_o file_v rank_v and_o restore_v to_o the_o first_o posture_n chap._n 27._o of_o counter_a march_n and_o the_o diverse_a kind_n thereof_o with_o the_o manner_n how_o it_o be_v to_o be_v do_v chap._n 28._o of_o double_v and_o the_o kind_n thereof_o chap._n 29._o of_o the_o broadfronted_a phalange_n the_o deep_a phalange_n or_o hearse_n and_o the_o uneven_a front_a phalange_n chap._n 30._o of_o parembole_n protaxis_fw-la epitaxis_fw-la prostaxis_fw-la entaxis_fw-la &_o hypotaxis_fw-la chap._n 31._o the_o manner_n how_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o wheel_a double_a and_o treble_a wheel_a of_o a_o battle_n be_v to_o be_v make_v chap._n 32._o of_o close_v of_o the_o battle_n to_o the_o right_n or_o leave_v hand_n &_o to_o the_o midst_n chap._n 33._o the_o use_n and_o advantage_n of_o these_o exercise_n of_o arm_n chap._n 34._o of_o sign_n of_o direction_n that_o be_v to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o army_n and_o their_o several_a kind_n chap._n 35._o of_o march_v of_o diverse_a kind_n of_o battle_n fit_a for_o a_o march_n of_o the_o right_a induction_n of_o the_o coelembole_n and_o of_o the_o triphalange_n to_o be_v oppose_v against_o the_o coelembole_n chap._n 36._o of_o paragoge_n or_o deduction_n chap._n 37._o of_o the_o phalange_n call_v amphistomus_fw-la chap._n 38._o of_o the_o phalange_n call_v antistomus_n chap._n 39_o of_o the_o diphalange_n call_v antistomus_n chap._n 40._o of_o the_o phalange_n call_v peristomus_fw-la chap._n 41._o of_o the_o phalange_n call_v himoiostomus_n and_o of_o the_o plinthium_fw-la chap._n 42._o of_o the_o phalange_n call_v heterostomus_fw-la chap._n 43._o again_o of_o the_o horsebattaile_n call_v the_o rhombe_n and_o the_o foot_n halfmoon_n to_o encounter_v it_o chap._n 44._o of_o the_o horse_n battle_n heteromeres_n and_o the_o broad_a front_a foot_n battle_n to_o be_v oppose_v against_o it_o chap._n 45._o of_o another_o kind_n of_o rhombe_n for_o horseman_n and_o of_o the_o epicampios_fw-la emprosthia_n to_o encounter_v it_o chap._n 46._o of_o the_o foot_n battle_n call_v cyrte_n which_o be_v to_o be_v set_v against_o the_o epicampios_fw-la chap._n 47._o of_o the_o horse_n battle_n which_o be_v square_a in_o ground_n and_o the_o wedge_n of_o foot_n to_o be_v oppose_v against_o it_o chap._n 48._o of_o the_o foot_n battle_n call_v plaesium_n and_o the_o sawefronted_a foot_n battle_n to_o encounter_v it_o chap._n 49._o of_o overfront_v the_o enemy_n battle_n and_o overw_v it_o and_o of_o attenuation_n chap._n 50._o of_o the_o lead_n of_o the_o carriage_n of_o the_o army_n chap._n 51._o of_o the_o word_n of_o command_n &_o of_o certain_a rule_n to_o be_v observe_v therein_o chap._n 52_o of_o silence_n to_o be_v use_v by_o soldier_n chap._n 53._o the_o manner_n of_o pronounce_v the_o word_n of_o command_v chap._n 54._o the_o author_n that_o have_v write_v tactic_n of_o this_o book_n and_o of_o the_o profitt_a of_o the_o arte._n chap._n i._n homer_n the_o poet_n seem_v to_o be_v the_o first_o at_o least_o we_o read_v of_o that_o have_v the_o skill_n of_o imbattail_v a_o army_n and_o that_o admire_a man_n endue_v with_o that_o knowledge_n as_o appear_v by_o mnestheus_n of_o who_o he_o write_v he_o like_o no_o live_a wight_n be_v find_v nor_o any_o age_n do_v yield_v to_o martial_a troop_n of_o horse_n or_o band_n of_o foot_n in_o bloody_a field_n concern_v homer_n discipline_n military_a the_o work_n of_o stratocles_n &_o of_o 1_o frontine_n a_o man_n of_o consular_a dignity_n in_o our_o time_n be_v to_o be_v read_v 2_o aeneas_n perfect_v the_o theory_n thereof_o at_o large_a publish_v many_o volume_n of_o warfare_n which_o be_v abridge_v by_o 3_o cyneas_n the_o thessalian_a likewise_o 4_o pyrrhus_n the_o epirot_n write_v tactic_n and_o his_o son_n 5_o alexander_n and_o clearchus_n and_o pausanias_n and_o 6_o euangelus_n &_o 7_o polybius_n the_o megapolitan_a a_o man_n of_o great_a learning_n scipio_n companion_n &_o eupolemus_n and_o 8_o iphicrates_n 9_o possidonius_fw-la also_o the_o stoic_a set_v forth_o the_o art_n of_o war_n &_o many_o other_o some_o in_o introduction_n as_o brion_n some_o in_o large_a tactick_a volume_n all_o which_o i_o have_v see_v and_o read_v and_o yet_o think_v it_o not_o much_o to_o purpose_n to_o mention_v perticulerlie_o be_v not_o ignorant_a that_o it_o have_v be_v the_o manner_n of_o those_o writer_n 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not_o of_o such_o kind_n of_o man_n as_o have_v give_v themselves_o to_o study_v and_o contemplation_n alone_o but_o of_o such_o as_o beside_o their_o knowledge_n in_o good_a letter_n have_v be_v actor_n in_o war_n themselves_o &_o which_o be_v more_o principal_a actor_n some_o of_o they_o general_n other_o the_o next_o degree_n to_o general_n howbeit_o there_o be_v none_o here_o mention_v by_o aelian_n who_o work_n be_v extant_a where_o by_o may_v be_v esteem_v the_o inestimable_a loss_n these_o late_a age_n have_v suffer_v in_o be_v deprive_v of_o such_o excellent_a monument_n i_o hope_v i_o may_v so_o term_v they_o without_o offence_n though_o i_o have_v not_o see_v they_o for_o what_o but_o excellent_a can_v proceed_v from_o man_n of_o such_o excellency_n in_o their_o profession_n such_o as_o the_o most_o part_n of_o those_o be_v yet_o for_o some_o of_o they_o i_o can_v say_v nothing_o as_o find_v little_a remembrance_n of_o they_o in_o ancient_a writer_n of_o this_o kind_n be_v eupolemus_n stratocles_n hermias_n clear_a chus_fw-la pausanias_n albeit_o such_o name_n may_v often_o be_v find_v the_o rest_n be_v special_o mention_v and_o much_o commend_v of_o who_o i_o will_v set_v down_o what_o i_o find_v 1_o frontine_n a_o man_n of_o consular_a dignity_n i_o have_v before_o note_v some_o what_o of_o frontine_n we_o have_v of_o he_o as_o it_o be_v think_v other_o work_n beside_o his_o stratagem_n but_o this_o book_n of_o tactic_n whereof_o aelian_n speak_v we_o have_v not_o i_o will_v only_o add_v the_o relation_n of_o â—_o vegetius_n towch_v frontine_n who_o write_v thus_o cato_n the_o elder_a albeit_o he_o have_v be_v both_o invincible_a in_o arm_n and_o often_o general_n of_o great_a army_n believe_v yet_o he_o shall_v more_o profit_v his_o country_n if_o he_o lay_v down_o in_o write_v the_o
you_o be_v far_o superior_a so_o in_o virtue_n worthy_a of_o your_o birth_n and_o year_n and_o in_o all_o hopeful_a expectation_n be_v you_o nothing_o inferior_a to_o adrian_n it_o may_v please_v your_o highness_n to_o regard_v he_o with_o a_o gracious_a eye_n and_o to_o esteem_v the_o presenter_n of_o he_o your_o faithful_a beadsman_n that_o will_v not_o cease_v to_o pray_v to_o the_o mighty_a god_n of_o host_n to_o give_v you_o conquest_n over_o all_o your_o enemy_n from_o my_o garrison_n at_o woudrichem_n in_o holland_n the_o 20_o of_o september_n 1616._o your_o highness_n most_o humble_o devote_a io_o bingham_n the_o tactic_n of_o aelian_n or_o art_n of_o embattail_v a_o army_n after_o the_o grecian_a manner_n the_o grecian_a art_n of_o embattail_v a_o army_n most_o mighty_a augustus_n cesar_n adrian_n the_o antiquity_n whereof_o reach_v back_o to_o the_o age_n wherein_o homer_n live_v have_v be_v commit_v to_o write_v by_o many_o who_o skill_n in_o the_o mathematics_n be_v not_o 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march_v he_o that_o will_v further_o under_o stand_v the_o bound_n of_o this_o art_n let_v he_o read_v in_o the_o 21._o chapter_n of_o leo_n the_o 58._o section_n 1_o the_o emperor_n nerva_n your_o majesty_n father_n the_o emperor_n nerva_n here_o mention_v be_v not_o nerva_n cocceius_n who_o succeed_v domitian_n but_o vlpius_n traianus_n who_o be_v also_o call_v nerva_n because_o he_o be_v adopt_v by_o nerva_n cocceius_n &_o succeed_v in_o the_o empire_n and_o where_o aelian_n term_v he_o adrians_n father_n indeed_o adrian_n pretend_v he_o be_v traian_n son_n by_o adoption_n but_o vitâ—adriani_n dio_n plain_o deny_v it_o &_o spartian_a say_v some_o report_v he_o be_v adopt_v by_o the_o faction_n of_o plotina_n traian_n wife_n by_o substitute_v one_o to_o speak_v with_o a_o faint_a voice_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v trajan_n upon_o
or_o ochane_n which_o be_v the_o macedonian_a manner_n and_o not_o to_o hold_v they_o any_o more_o by_o the_o porpax_n or_o handle_v and_o so_o to_o free_v their_o left_a hand_n to_o apply_v both_o to_o the_o menage_n of_o a_o pike_n this_o i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o direct_a meaning_n of_o plutarch_n cleomenes_n then_o persuade_v they_o to_o leave_v their_o spear_n &_o take_v pike_n and_o leave_v the_o target_n in_o the_o left_a hand_n may_v prove_v a_o impediment_n to_o the_o use_n of_o a_o pike_n he_o think_v best_o they_o shall_v carry_v they_o at_o their_o back_n by_o the_o ochane_n to_o carry_v they_o then_o by_o the_o strappe_v at_o the_o back_n be_v to_o give_v free_a use_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n without_o which_o a_o pike_n special_o a_o long_a pike_n such_o as_o cleomenes_n advise_v they_o unto_o can_v be_v wield_v as_o experience_n will_v teach_v any_o man_n that_o list_v to_o make_v trial_n 4_o and_o long_a pike_n pike_n for_o the_o most_o part_n have_v be_v call_v by_o 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his_o army_n against_o clitus_n and_o glaucias_n the_o way_n be_v so_o narrow_a that_o no_o more_o than_o four_o may_v march_v in_o front_n make_v the_o depth_n of_o his_o army_n a_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o d_o and_o the_o soldier_n that_o xenophon_n bring_v back_o out_o of_o persia_n when_o they_o purpose_v to_o sack_n byzantium_n put_v themselves_o without_o command_n in_o order_n of_o fifty_o deep_a in_o the_o text_n be_v fifty_o deep_a but_o the_o margin_n have_v eight_o which_o i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o true_a read_n because_o xenophon_n say_v the_o place_n be_v fair_a to_o set_v a_o battle_n be_v void_a of_o building_n and_o have_v a_o even_o plain_a and_o it_o be_v not_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o grecian_n to_o make_v a_o phalange_n fifty_o deep_a unless_o there_o be_v extraordinary_a occasion_n c_o in_o the_o battle_n of_o delos_n betwixt_o the_o athenian_n and_o theban_n the_o theban_n be_v five_o and_o twenty_o in_o depth_n the_o athenian_n but_o eight_o the_o same_o a_o 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