Selected quad for the lemma: book_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
book_n	word_n	write_a	write_v	997	4	6.0876	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A01818	Romanæ historiæ anthologia An English exposition of the Romane antiquities, wherein many Romane and English offices are paralleld and divers obscure phrases explained. By Thomas Godwyn Master of Arts: for the vse of Abingdon Schoole.	Goodwin, Thomas, 1586 or 7-1642.	1614 (1614)	STC 11956; ESTC S103192	146,958	220

determined by the maior part of parishes hundreths or wards was said to bee approued comitijs Curiatis Centuriatis vel Tributis Secōdly we must note that neither children vntill they were seventeene yeares old nor old men after the sixtieth year of their age were allowed to suffrage in these assemblies whence arose that adage Sexagenarij de ponte deijciendi and old mē were hence called Depontani for the explication of which see before Likewise those whom for some notorious crime the cēsors had disfranchised had no autority of suffraging They were tearmed Aerarij because they did pro capite suo tributi nomine aera pendere Here before we speake of those three severall kinds of assemblies we will consider the māner of their proceedings in propounding cases vnto the assemblies The custome was at first that the Romanes should bestow their suffrages Viuâ voce but afterward that every one might with freer libertie giue his voice they commanded certaine wooden tables wherein the names of those that stood for offices were written to bee caried about every suffrager receaving so many tables as there were suitors then did the people giue backe that table with whom they would suffrage But if a law were to be enacted thē every suffrager receaued two tables in the one or which were written these two great letters V. R in the other was written a great Romane A. Those who delivered these tables vnto the people did stand at the lower end of those bridges which were erected vp for the suffragers to ascend vnto the ovilia whence they were called à diribendo .i. from distributing Diribitores At the other end of the bridges were placed certaine chests or little coffers into which the suffragers which did approue the law did cast in the first table those that disliked it did cast in the second for by those two letters V. R. which were written in the first is meant Vti Rogas .i. Be it as thou hast asked this word Fiat being vnderstood By A. in the second table was meant Antiquo .i. I forbid it the word signifying as much as antiquum volo I like the old law I loue no innovations The tables being thus cast into the chests certaine men appointed for that purpose in manner of Scrutators they called them Custodes and sometimes Nongenti did take the tables out of the chests and so number the voices by making so many points or pricks in a void table as they found tables alike which kind of accounting occasioned these and the like phrases Suffragiorum punctanō tulit septem and Omne tulit punctum where punctum is vsed for suffragium The voices being thus numbred it was pronounced by the common cryer what was decreed Because the vse of those tables is now growne quite out of vse I shall make bold to insert that which with much labour I haue collected out of severall autors touching these tables It is certaine that a long time the vse of paper was not known whence men were wont to write sometimes vpon the inward rinds of trees called in Latine Libri so that to this day we call our bookes Libri because in olde time they were made of those rinds of trees sometimes they did write in great leaues made of that rush Papyrus growing in Aegypt from which we haue derived our english word Paper and the latine word Papyrus now signifying our writing paper but the Romans at this time did vse to write in tables of wood covered with wax called in latine ceratae tabulae They wrote their wills and testaments in tables Hinc secundum contra tabulas bonorum possessio The possession of goods either according or against the testator his will Because of the wax wherewith these tables were covered cera is often vsed in the same sense as Haeredes primae cerae .i. primae tabulae in primo gradu instituti by which words I think are vnderstood such heires as Alexander calleth Haeredes ex toto asse .i. heires to the maine inheritance opposing them to those which did receaue only legacies whom he calleth there Haeredes in imâ cerâ secūdos haeredes legatarios Sylvius not vpon improbable grounds doth thinke that Tully doth vnderstand by Haeredes secundi such heires as were nominated to succeed the chiefe heire or heires if they died They wrote their accounts in tables hence Tabulae accepti expensi signifying reckoning books They wrought their statutes also in tables whence Tabulae publicae are englished statute books or rather bookes of record Those writings or instruments which the Senate or Emperour caused to be hanged vp in the market place to release and discharge any banckrupt from paying his debts they tearmed tabulas novas wee may english them letters of protectiō They wrought their inventories of goods set at sale in tables calling them tabulas auctionarias yea they indited their epistles and common letters in tables insomuch that tabellae are expounded missiue letters and tabellarius which properly signifieth a carier of tables is now vsed to signifie a letter-carier The manner how they sealed their letters was thus they did bind another table vnto that wherein the inditement was with some strong thread sealing the knot of that thread with wax whence Cicero saith Linum incidimus .i. we opened the letters Lastly they wrote their bookes in tables whence from them we doe at this day call our bookes codices à caudicibus caudex signifying properly the truncke or stocke of a tree whereof these tables or bookes were made We must note withall that they wrote not with inck or quill but with an instrument of steele or yron having a sharpe point at the one end and being broad yet keene and well edged at the other with the sharpe point they did write what they pleased with the broad ende they did scrape out what they had written whence stylum invertere is to say and vnsay a thing to turne his punch the wrong end downeward as it were to scrape out that which one had formerly written And as wee vse this word Manus to signifie the writing it selfe according to that of Tully cognovit manum signum suum so in the like sense we vse this word stylus to signifie the peculiar tenure or straine of phrase which any man observeth in the composing of an oratiō epistle or such like in which sense Tully vseth it as the antithetō to gladius in that speach of his Cedat forū castris otiū militiae stylus gladio though in another place he vseth it to signify if not a sword yet a pocket dagger as Etsi meus ille stylus fuisset in which place stylus doth signifie as much as pugio Now that wee may returne to the matter whence we haue digressed wee will proceed to shew the maner how they enacted their laws Al the Romans had not power and autority of

hee could out of the market place without delay His wife was called Rigina sacrorum the Queene-priestesse and was wont vpon the Kalends of every month to sacrifice a porker or a lambe in her palace in the honour of Iuno CHAP. 16. De Marte sive Mavorte Salijs Palatinis Marti dicatis MArs otherwise called Mavors by the figure Epenthesis we say Induperator for Imperator was reputed the God of warre so Metonymic●s is vsed for warre as vario Marte pugnatum est the battell was doubtful proprio Marte by ones owne strength labor He was the sonne of Iuno onely without company of her husband for when Iuno was greatly displeased with her selfe that Iupiter by striking his head without company of a woman did bring forth the goddesse Minerva shee by the coūsel of the goddesse Flora touched a certain flowre in the field of Olenius by vertue whereof shee immediatly conceaued the God Mars This God by reason of his dominion in warre the Romans painted fiery sometimes in his chariot sometimes on horse-backe with a iauelin in one hand and a scourge in the other In old coines there was sometimes the picture of a cocke ioyned with him to shew the vigilancy and carefulnesse that souldiers are to vse He was called Gradivus à gradiendo from marching in battell against his enimies He had a temple without the citie whence he was called Extramuraneus Neere vnto this temple without the gate Capena did lie a stone of great note which vpon great drouths the people would bring into the citie and presently rayne would follow wherevpon it was called the Raine-stone Lapis manalis à manando Numa Pompilius in the honour of Mars surnamed Gradivus ordained 12 dauncing priests called Salij à saliendo from dauncing which number afterward we finde to haue beene doubled by Tullus Hostilius in the warre against Fidena a towne of the Sabines The former 12 being called Salij Palatini from the Palatine mount where they did beginne their mauriske the others Collini from the hill where their chappell stood and sometimes Quirinales sometimes Agonales so that the Whole college contained 24 priests The occasion of their first institution was this vpon a certaine time in the raigne of Numa the plague or some other contagious sicknesse was very hot among the Romans insomuch that no sacrifice or holy offering could remoue it at that time a certaine brasen target or scutc●ion called in Latine aenea pelta or ancile bigg at both ends but cut like an halfe moone on each side fell from heauē into Numa his hāds with a certain voice promising al health vnto Rome so long as that brasē target could be kept safe Wherevpō Mamurius a cūningwork-man by the appointment of Numa made eleaven other ancilia so like the first that neither could be known from the other to the iatēt that if any should be so wicked minded as to steale it hee might faile of his purpose by mistaking one for another These twelue Priests had the custody and keeping of them cōmitted to their charge in the month of March everie yeere they apparelled themselues with a party coloured coat called tunica versicolor girt cloase to their body with a belt or sword-girdle and a breast-plate of harnesse called aneum tegmen vpon that a robe of estate called trabea clasped about them vpmost of all Vpō their heads they did weare apices .i. caps much like vnto the Persian bonnets called in greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 They did somwhat resemble our head-peeces in warre made close vnto the head with a crest of cloath Vpon the top whence some haue called them galeas They being thus apparelled daunced about the Forum or market-place the Capitol with short swords by their sides a iavelin in the right hand and their ancile in the other vsing certaine songs either of the Gods and those they called Ianualij Iunonij and Minervij or of men and those they called axamenta because in those songs they did axare .i. nominate and call vpon the names of some well deserving men as Mamurius which made those eleaven scutchions was often called vpon in those songs Vpon these their festivall daies they had excesse of cheere whence Horace hath vsed saliares dapes to signifie dainty fare CHAP. 11. De Foecialibus Patre-patrato THese Foeciales were officers at armes or Heralds to denounce war or proclaime peace appointed therevnto at first by Numa Pompilius The chiefe part of their office was to disswade the Romans from molesting any confederate nation with vniust warre if any confederate nation did offer iniury vnto the Romane people thē did these Foeciales go as Embassadours vnto them perswading and exhorting them to yeeld the Romans their right but if they continued thirty daies obstinate refusing to yeeld vnto that which should be iust and right then did they presently denounce warre against them casting forth a dart in token thereof which denunciation was called clarigatio à clarâ voce quâ vtebatur Foecialis Others are of opinion that whensoever warre was denounced this Herald at armes should turne loose a ramme vnto their enemies borders signifying thereby that their fields shoulde shortly become pasture for the Romanes from which custome wee say of one that challengeth another into the field Arietē emisit Againe if the Imperator or Lord-general had done ought against his oath these Foeciales by their sacrifice did avert the wrath of the Gods from him The chiefest of them was called Pater-patratus a perfect father for he only could be Pater-patratus which had both children of his owne and his father also aliue They were called Foeciales à foedere faciendo from making a league or peace betweene nations This league which we in Latin do cal foedus the Romanes in old time did cal Fidus as Ennins and Pighius witnesse whence these Foeciales were tearmed also Fidei Flamines CHAP. 12. De Duumviris Decemviris Quindecimviris sacris faciundis itèm de Sibyllis THis priesthood had his first institution from Tarquinius Superbus whose office was as well to expound as to keepe the oracles of those ten prophetesses so famous through out the world called Sibyllae Concerning whō Munster hath these words In times past there came a strange woman to Tarquinius the king offering 9. books full of the Sibylline oracles to be fold But Tarquinius thinking the bookes to deere refused to buy them The womā departing burned three of these bookes and came the second time vnto Tarquinius demaunding as much for those sixe bookes as formerly shee had done for the 9. Tarquinius then began to deride her whereat the woman departed and burned three more returning againe vnto Tarquinius and asking as much for the three left as shee asked at first for all nine Then began Tarquinius more seriously to bethinke himselfe thereof and sent for his Augurs asking counsell and