there is a God prove also that there is Religion for Religion gives God that honour and homage that is due unto him The working of Conscience proves that there is a God and it also proves a Religion The knowledge and sense of sinne is in all mens hearts the Heathens had their turpia honesta a great part of Religion lies in a kindly fear of sinne and the feare of punishment after sinne proves it also that there is some Religion 2. The flying to refuge in troubles and the praying also in straights Ion. 3. 6. is a proof that there is a God and also that there is a Religion 3. It bath been the practise of all people ever since the world was to use some religious Rites Abel sacrificed See Gen. 4. ult The most ancient Heathen Histories mention their Religion Plùtarch saith the first care their Lawgivers had was about their Gods and their Worship So all Nations acknowledge that there is a God and therefore to be worshipped Religion is the glory and excellency of Angels in that they adore him that is better then themselves it was the excellency of Adam in Paradise being the effect of the Image of God upon the soul. The Jews were once the only Nation whom God honoured by intrusting them with his Oracles Rom. 9. 4. compared with c. 3. v. 2. The imbracing maintaining and practising of the true Religion is the onely way to make a Nation or Person strong and peaceable 2 Chron. 11. 16 17. prosperous and plentifull in all outward blessings 2 Chron. 11. 5 12. 2 Sam. 6. 12. For those that honour God he will honour and those that despise him shall be lightly esteemed 1 Sam. 1. 30. 2. What Religion is Of the word The Hebrew word comes from a verb which signifieth to serve or worship see Iames 1. ult for Religion the Syriack interpreter hath a word which signifies service worship Austin and Lactantius derive the Latine word à religando it is the great bond to tie us to God and to man Others à reeligendo or à relegendo because by the often reading and choice of holy books Religion is learned Religion is either true or false The true Religion is that whereby we serve the true God and with true worship False religion is either that whereby either we serve the false god as the Romanes in times past or whereby we serve the true God with false worship as the present Romanes Religion may be thus defined It is an officious action debt duty worship or service inward and outward which God requireth and man is bound to perform according to his will by vertue of that bond whereby he is tied to God True Religion is the true service of the true God Morn de verit Christ. relig cap. 24. One saith True Religion is the right performance of those duties which we owe to the one onely true God The Antiquity of Religion It was in the beginning of the world We reade of Sacrifices offered by Cain and Abel and likewise the distinction of clean and unclean beasts The Christian Religion is now of some standing There are resemblances of all the gifts of man in the Beasts but none of Religion this is the chiefest perfection of man Azoriuâ— saith Religion is a Morall and not a Theological vertue for God is not the object of it but the honour and worship of God which Religion gives to the divine Majesty Rules to know the true Religion False Religions love obscurity but the true Religion setteth forth her doctrine to view The Mahumetans Turks and Persians have their service in the Arabick tongue which the people understand not The Jews reade in their Synagogues the Law and the Prophets in the Hebrew tongue whereas the most part of their people have but little or no understanding thereof The Papists have the Scriptures and their Liturgie in Latine 2. False Religion is loose but the true Religion requires strict and holy walking Iames 1. 26 27. Ea Religio praeferenda quae favet puritati sanctitati vitae Lessius Fornication was scarce a sinne among the Heathens Mahomet was dissolute himself and allowed his Disciples to be sensuall The Jews practise Usurie Abominable uncleannesse is permitted and practised at Rome 3. The Scripture is the only rule to judge of true and false Religions Deut 13. 1 2 3 4. 1 Thes. 5. 21. 1 Ioh. 4. 1 2. The marks of the true Religion laid down by Walaeus are 1. The true knowledge of the true God 2. A true way of reconciliâ—â— man with God 3. True worship of God Zanchy layes down these Theses 1. True Religion which is the same with piety consists in the true worship of God both externall and internall but especially in the internall 2. True Religion knowes and worships onely one God Exod. 20. 3. God will have no companion in his majesty and worship The wisest Philosophers and best Poets among the Gentiles thought the same as both Iustin Martyr and Clemens Alexandrinus and other Fathers have abundantly demonstrated 3. The true Religion worships God with no other worship then that which he hath prescribed viz. with true piety of minde Externall Rites Ceremonies Sacrifices which also are called worship in the Scripture are onely exercises of inward piety and therefore are so farre acceptable to God as they proceed from inward piety Christian Religion was planted by the power of God As it appears 1. By its speedy propagation Rom. 1. 8. Col. 1. 6. 1 Ioh. 5. 4. 2. All these things were foretold long since by the Sybils and Prophets 3. From the nature of the Doctrine of Christ the efficacy of his Doctrine and the authority of the Teacher What Doctrine did Christ and his Apostles use to perswade their hearers Give to the poor Give your cheeks to the smiter Do good to your enemies Deny your selves Take up your Crosse You must look for many afflictions and persecutions if you follow us O suasionem diffuasionis omnis undique plenam saith Facinus Yet Christ perswaded suddenly many and great men and the reason is given Mark. 1. 22. Christ taught with authority not as the Scribes and Pharisâ—es 4. From the sublimitie and symphonie and certaintie of the books of the old and new Testament Other Authors doubt and waver 1 Ioh. 1. 2 3. and 5. 9 10 11 12 13. 1 Ioh. 4. 13 14 15 16. 5. The purity of this Doctrine and the amplitude of the Promises These reasons and more are alledged by Marsilius Ficinus in his 8 th and 35 Chapters of his excellent book De religione Christiana The glory of a Religion lies in three things 1. The excellency of Rewards 2. The purity of the Precepts 3. The sureness of the principles of trust Let us examine the Christian Religion by these things and see if it can be matched elsewhere 1. The reward is the eternall injoyment of God in Christ Psal. 6. 11.
l. 23. He not only printed but made excellent Works himself His Thesaurus linguae Latinae never had its fellow Antoine du Verdier in his Bibliotheque commends him and this Work Dictionarium seu Latinae linguae thesaurus non singulas modo dictiones continens sed integras quoque Latine loquendi scribendi formulas ex optimis quibusque Latinae linguae scriptoribus Opus excusum Parisiis apud authorem divisum in Tomos tres anno 1542. Gesner Biblioth Henry Stevens His Thesauri linguae Graecae and his other Works shew his great abilities Scaevola Samarthanus in his second Book of Epigrams hath these Verses In Gellii Noctes Atticas ad H. Stephanum Quis Stephanum esse neget Phoebi de semine cretum Obscuris adfert noctibus ille diem Henry Stevens Roberts Son made also the Greek Concordance Stephanus Stephanius Io. Stobaeus There be his Loci Communes Eclogae Gr. Lat. Sent. Gr. Lat. D r Thomas Stoughton a learned and pious Divine There are Sermons of his in his younger years His form of sound words with the Righteous mans plea to true Happinesse Heavenly Conversation Strabo that faithfull Historian and Geographer He lived in the time of Augustus and Tiberius He hath written seventeen Books of Geography in which all Nations with their deeds the mountains seas limits of all parts of the world which came to his knowledge in his time may be seen as in a glasse Walafr Strabo Anno Dom. 840. a great Scholar He hath written De rebus Ecclesiasticis Strabus Monachus Fuldensis Praecaeteris celebratur Glossa Ordinaria in Scripturam universam Vossius De Poetis Latinis c. 6. He first of all collected the Glosse which was afterward called Ordinary upon the Bible out of the sayings of the Fathers some afterward enlarged it by adding sentences of the Fathers Famianus Strada a famous Oratour Poet and Historian There are his Orationes variae ad facultatem Oratoriam Historiam Poeticam spectantes And his Belgick History Streso a learned Divine His Meditatio Theologica de usu abusu rationis in interpretandis aestimandis rebus scripturis divinis adversus Socinianos novos Weigelianos and his Comment upon some part of the Acts are commended Victorinus Strigelius Anno Christi 1524. His chief Work was his Hypomnemata in utriusque Testamenti libros which he finished a little before his death Codicis sacri partem maximam Commentariis haud prolixis sed nec infructuosis prorsus tamen strictim illustravit Cl. Gatakeri Cinnus c. 2. Kyriacus Strozza a great Philosopher Peter Bembus and Iacobus Sadoletus speak of him in their Epistles Flaminius Nobilius in his Commentaries upon Aristotles first Book De ortu interitu Theodorus Zuingerus in Prolegom ad Polit. Arist. Laurentia Strozza was his Sister Fratrem habuit Kyriacum Strozzam nobilem Peripateticum qui utrum sorori an sorâ—r ipsi maius lumen ac decus attulerit incertum est adhuc ita in vario laudis genere uterque pari inter se gloria certant Jani Nicii Erythraei Pinacotheca Io. Guliel Stuckius Casaubone Epist. 353. to Stuckâ—us commends his learned laborious Work entitled Antiquitates Convivales De quibus omnibus omnium eruditissime doctissimus stupendae lectionis vir Johannes Stuckius in explicatione doctissima in Periplum Erythraei maris sive rubri Ariani historici Graeci Philosophi doctissimi Neand Geog. part 2. Ioannes Sturmius Anno Christi 1507. He is styled by Grynaeus Christianus noster Theophrastus See in his first Book of Epistles ninth Epistle a comparison between them His Works are mentioned by Melchior Adam in his Life Iacobus Sturmius He was born at Argentorate Anno Christi 1490. Thuanus much commends Iacobus Sturmius Tom. 10. Hist. l. 12. and cals him the ornament of the Germane Nobility Tres ei virtutes praeter eximiam verecundiam praecipuè tributae sunt orationis doctrinae prudentiae Melch. Ad. in ejus vit Fr. Suarez His Metaphysical Disputations are much esteemed by some Many of his Works are mentioned in Oxford Catalogue and Appendix C. Suetonius Tranquillus a very faithfull Historian He lived in the times of Trajan and Hadrian Auctor Emendatissimus Candidissimus cui familiare sit amare brevitatem Voss. De Histor. Lat. l. 1. c. 31. ex Vopisco Suidas Anno Dom. 1250. Erat Suidas non admodum vetustissimus Grammaticus nullius judicii doctrinae autem mediocris Montac Exercit. 7. Sect. 1. Matthew Sutlive a great Writer of our own who hath written many things against the Papists in Latine and English Most of his Works are mentioned in the Oxford Catalogue Some commend that Book of his styled The Practisâ— Proceedings and Laws of Arms described out of the doings of most valiant and expert Captains Eman. Suyvo Fran. Swertius a learned Writer There are his Athenae Belgicae Liberatae urbis deliciae Epitaphia Ioco-seria 12 Caesarum Imagines Historica narratio Rogerus Swinset or Suisset a famous English School-Divine of Merton Colledge in Oxford Anno Dom. 1350. Baleus reckons up his Works Some of them are mentioned in Oxford Catalogue Hic scripsit Ephemeridas in arte Cabalistica calculationes Astronomicas admirandae perfectionis Wolf Lect. Memorab Tomo 10. Caspar Schwenckfeldius an Heretick These Works of his are mentioned in the Oxford Catalogue Stirpium Fossilium Silesiae Catalogus Thesaurus Pharmaceuticus Therio trophaeum Silesiae Frid. Sylburgius He helped Henry Stevens much in his Treasure of the Greek Tongue Vir Graecè doctissimus Meibomii Maecenas c. 26. Fuit vere vir eximius humilis industriae incredibilis candidus apertus Melch. Ad. in ejus vita Many of his Works are mentioned in Oxford Catalogue Symmachus He is eloquent in his Epistles Vide Camer Medit. Hist. Cent. 3. c. 56. That saying is often cited out of him Servanda est tot seculis fides sequendi sunt nobis parentes qui sequuti sunt feliciter suos Epist. l. 10. Ep. 54. Michael Syncellus Anno Dom. 890. There is of his Libellus de vita Ignatii Patriarchae Constantinopolitani Gr. Lat. Synesius Cyreneus Anno Dom. 410. A learned Philisopher at the first and afterwards a worthy Father of the Church Synesius is a man well known among Schollers He was made Bishop against his will for his great fame and worth a better Platonist then found Christian. D r Casaub of Enthus ch 3. Gul. Symsonus He hath written De Accentibus Hebraeis Edward Symson likewise is a learned man who wrote Chron. Cathol The End of the Fifth Book THE SIXTH BOOK Of such as were Famous for ZEAL IN THE True RELIGION Or in any Kinde of Learning CHAP. I. T COrnelius Tacitus Maximus prudentiae magister sincerus humanarum actionum arbiter He hath a singular style both in respect of his words and the contexture
what it is its Antiquity the true and false Religions the Reformed Religion and some Questions about Religion are also discussed The second Book is concerning Learning its Excellentcy Usefulness of the Liberal Arts the Languages Universities In the four last Books my intention was to speak of such as were Zealous for the true Religion or eminent for Learning either as general Schollers or peculiarly learned in any kinde As the Argument is double Religion and Learning and the persons double Religious and Learned so I should be glad if it might conduce any way to the advancing of the esteem at least of the true Religion and Learning to the setling of men in the true Religion and incouraging of them in all good Literature You have here a Catalogue of the famous Witnesses of Christ against Antichrist of the Champions for Truth the glorious Reformers and blessed Martyrs to win you to the liking of and constancy in the true Religion You have also here a roll of the famous Linguists and Artists the learned Lawyers Physicians Divines ancient and modern Protestants and Papists the learned Poets Philosophers Historiographers Orators learned men and women to allure you to a good opinion at least of Learning as that which is so many wayes usefull both to Civil and Christian societies I might here expatiate in the just praises of England for the purity of its Doctrine in Religion and also for the many learned Authors here bred and fostered But because I speak somewhat of it in the Book I shall be the briefer here As the Separation made by our first Reformers was most just for the Idolatry and Cruelty of the Romish Church Revel 17. 5 6. notwithstanding the great charge of Schism against us by the Romanists so the English have since the first Reformation here happily begun in the Reign of that pious Prince Edward the sixth and sealed with the bloud of many holy Martyrs in the dayes of Queen Mary maintained and countenanced that pure Religion which may fitly be called their Palladium England is celebrated abroad by the name of the ringing Island and it may justly ascribe the great fertility and plenty of outward blessings it enjoyes to the free entertainment it hath given to the Gospel and the true Professours of it But let us take heed of imitating Holland too much in an Universal Toleration of all Religions shall I say or opinions least what Baudius applies to them agree too fitly to us Sed vivimus hic non solum in regno libertatis verum etiam licentiae Baud. Epist. cent â— Epist. â—8 For learned men if there were Athenae Anglicae as there are Athenae Batavae and Belgicae and as Leland Balaeus Godwin of old so some judicious pen would reckon up the Viri Illustres of later times here in England I doubt not but there would be a great number of English Heroâ—s Pithaeus Praefat. in Quintiliani Declamationes reckons up many learned Frenchmen Archbishop Spotswood in his History of Scotland mentions many learned Scotchmen l. 1. p. 22 23. I shall endeavour to marshall up some of our English Schollers For the multitude of Divines and Preachers of this Nation I shall need to say little it being generally acknowledged that we herein surpasse the rest of the Reformed Churches The ancient great lights of our Church were Iuell Humfrie Fox Whiâ—gift Fulk Whitaker Rainolds Bilson Greenam Babington Eedes Holland Abbot Perkins Field Hooker Overall Willet White Mason Elton Randall Stock The later are Davenant Hall Morton Ward Bromwrick Boise Preston Stoughton Stbbes Goâ—ge Hill Reynolds Seaman Harris Vines Tucknie Strong Arrowsmith Martial Owen Goodwin Calamy Caryl Baxter Marshal Burgess Manton Blake For English Schoolmen I say enough in Merton-Colledge For Humanists Burton Farnaby For Linguists Hebricians of old Baines Pacie Wakefield Of later time Fuller Lively Broughton Ainsworth Grecians Downes Cheek Hales Sir Henry Savil Du Port. For Grammarians Linacer Grant For Historians Matthew Paris Matthew Westminster Huntingdon Gulielmus Malmesburiensis Sir Walter Raleigh Wheare For Logicians Brerewrod Crakanthorpe Sanderson For Poets of old Chaucer Spenser Ockland Of late Alabaster Serjeant Hoskius Herbert For Mathematicians Roger Bacon Iohannes de Sacro-bosco Brigges Lydiat Pell Oughtred For Philosophers Sir Francis Bacon Gilbert For learned Physicians D r Butler D r Harvy For learned Antiquaries Leland Camden Sir Henry Spelman Selden For Cosmographers Purchas Hues For learned women Queen Elizabeth the Lady Iane Gray and Weston Some may perhaps think it may savour of flattery for me to mention the living amongst the other learned men deceased Nam vivorum ut magna admiratio ita censura difficilis est Paterc Hist. l. 2. To that I answer Some of those Latine Authors which write of illustrious men speak of divers that were then living 2. Those that are well acquainted with my temper will not I suppose much charge me with adulation and the ordinary way of honourably mentioning Authors in quotations little differs from this I hope what I say in that kinde will incourage and not puff up any As I may through mistake insert some here who perhaps were neither eminent for Religion nor Learning so I hope no man will imagine that I take upon me to give so compleat an enumeration as to omit none that were too difficult a Province for me to undertake if the most here be such as will agree with the running Title I hope none will interprete it exclusively as if these alone were such I have cause to bless God that this Subject is profitable as those others I have formerly laboured in and hope that as they have been generally well-esteemed of for who can expect to please all so this likewise will be favourably entertained by those that are candid and judicious which is the desire of Thy Affectionate Friend EDWARD LEIGH The Names of such BOOKS as this AUTHOR hath Published 1. CRitica Sacra on the Hebrew of the Old Testament and on the Greek of the New Testament Fol. 2. Annotations on all the New Testament Fol. 3. A Systeme or Body of Divinity Fol. 4. A Treatise of Divine Promises 12 o. 5. Analecta or Observations on the twelve first Caesars 8 o. 6. The Saints Incouragement in Evil Times 12 o. 7. A Phylological Commentary or an Illustration of the most obvious and usefull Words in the Law 8 o. 8. A Treatise of Religion and Learning Fol. A TREATISE OF RELIGION AND Learning BOOK I. OF RELIGION CHAP. I. Of Religion in general RELIGION is the chief thing which distinguisheth a man from a beast the Elephant and some bruits have a shadow of reason but Religion is peculiar to men or reasonable creatures at least therefore Gesner as I remember saith the Pigmies are a kinde of Apes and not men because they have no Religion I Shall in the entrance to this Work shew 1. That Religion is 2. What Religion is 1. That it is Some of the Arguments which prove that
call Rules or Canons and by reason of the end because it was collected and confirmed to that end that it may prescribe a Rule of Ecclesiastical Government The Canon-Law contains The Decree of Gratian for the most part collected out of the sentences of Fathers and Decrees of Councels The Decretals of Gregory the ninth The sixth of the Decretals of Boniface the eighth The Clementines and Extravagants collected out of the Epistles and replies of the Popes Corpus Canonum à Gratiano Monacho consarcinatum ab Eugenio 111. Pontifice Rom. comprobatum authoritate firmatum fuisse constat qui ut in Academiis doceretur propéque Tribunali in Iudiciis reciperetur ut postea factitatum est praecepit Gentil Apol. c. 1. Lancelots Institutions are commended for the Canon-Law as Minsinger on Iustinians Institutions for the Civil-Law In the Body of the Canon-Law the Canons are sometimes diametrially opposite one to the other Archidaconus Panormitan Innocentius Rebuffus were famous Canonists Of Philosophy It is either Natural or Moral called Ethicks Natural Philosophy De mundo aut de iis quae sunt in mundo quaerit Pier Valer. Hierog l. 38. c. 10. Tully cals Philosophy in his Offices Studium sapientiae in his Tusculanes virtutis indagatricem expultricemque vitiorum How many several sorts of Philosophers are mentioned who were severed by their distinct Schools of Academicks Peripatetiques Stoicks Epicures Pythagoreans too numerous to be rehearsed Of all which see Desiderii Iacotii De Philosophorum doctrina libellum ex Cicerone Aristotle was the Prince of the Peripateticks Zeno the chief of the Stoicks Epicurus of the Epicureans and Pythagoras of the Pythagoreans Philosophiam optimè docebit Plato Aristoteles atque hujus Discipulus Theophrastus tum utrinque mixtus Plotinus Erasm. De Ratione Studii As the Grecians for the title of wise men called themselves lovers of wisdome that is Philosophos so also the Doctors of the Jews often were not called wise men but Scholars of wise men that is studious of wisdome Ubi desinit Philosophus ibi incipit Medicus ubi desinit Medicus ibi incipit Theologus Ethicks or Moral Philosophy It is so called because it is conversant about the manners of men The adequate object of it are humane actions not considered any way but as honesty hath place in them and as they are capable of vertue D r Ames hath a Theological Disputation against it and shews that all Aristotles practical vertues are to be found in the Scripture Physick The subject of it is mans body the end health It is lawfull it was before the promulgation of the Law Gen. 50. 2. The Poets brought in Apollo as the chief god of Medicine to whom they have assigned Aesculapius for his sonne Christ was a Physician both of soul and body Omnibus est aliis Medicus praestantior unus Is Homers verse Physical Institutions are a 〈…〉 llificium compounded out of the choisest flowers A long series of times ha 〈…〉 brought forth many famous Grecians Physicians some Latines and some Arabians Among the Grecians Hippocrates and Galen excelled Dioscordes also was a good Physician Amongst the Latine Physicians Cornelius Celsus was the first Of late Fernelius and Sennertus Amongst the Arabians Avicenna Rhazes Averrhoes Avenzoar Mesue Serapio and Alsaharavius were chief In Plants there is much difficulty Vide Voss. De vitiis Sermonis l. 1. c. 28. Rondeletius Matthiolus Bellonius Camerarius Bauhinus Spigelius have done well about Herbs Alexandria of old and Padua of late is famous for the Profession of Physick Metaphysicks It is the highest part of all Philosophy from the subject of it because it treats De causa altissima D r Ames hath a Theological Disputation against Metaphysicks and saith it is but an imaginary science M r Baxter in his Reply to M r Kendall saith he hath above thirty Tracts of Metaphysicks by him and seems to value Suarez Schibler and Burgersdiciâ—s before all the rest History Historia est testis temporum nuncia vetustatis lux veritatis vita memoriae Magistra vitae Cic. 2 do de Oratore Historia est rerum publicè gestarum diffusa continuata narratio Muretus The end of it is double profit and pleasure Omne tulit punctum qui miscuit utile dulci. Ferdinand King of Sicily and Alphonsus King of Spain recovered their health by reading of History the first by reading Livy the second by reading Q. Curtius Some have observed that the being versed in Books of History makes men wiser then in those of Policy for that those furnish us with instances as well as rules and as it were personate the rule and draw it out more into the full lineaments M r Herles Morall prudence ch 19. History is either 1. Ecclesiasticall which handleth Church matters and is for its Antiquity and Dignity to have the precedence Vide Sixt. Senens in Praefat. ad Lectorem in Bibliotheca Sancta Or 2. Politicall which handleth civil matters in Kingdoms States or Commonweals Just or perfect History is of three kindes according to the nature of the object which it propounds to represent for it either represents a portion of time or some memorable Person or some famous Act. The first we call Chronicles or Annals the second Lives the third Relations Of these Chronicles seem to excell for celebrity and name Lives for profit and examples Relations for sincerity and verity S r Francis Bac. Advancem of Learn l. 2. c. 7. The History of Times is either universall or particular This comprehends the affairs of some Kingdom or State or Nation That the affairs of the world Amongst Histories Itineraries have the preheminence when one shall faithfully relate the most memorable things he hath observed by travelling into many and strange Countries And amongst Itineraries that of R. Benjamin a Jew hath been very much esteemed by many saith Constantine L'Empereur because he did not only travell over Europe and Africa but professeth that he entred into the most inward and extream regions of Asia where he witnesseth that he saw rare things and yet unknown to our world and therefore his little book abundantly affords examples of very many things so that it cannot but be read with delight The first Law given to an Historian saith Tully de Oratore is Nequid falsi dicere audeat deinde nequid veri non audeat ne qua suspicio gratiae sit in scribendo ne qua simultatis The composing of a History consists in things and words for things he must have respect to the order of time and the description of places the manners lives counsels sayings deeds and events of men for words the kinde of speech must not be large yet adorned with a pure and famous brevity T. Livius in the opinion of all Learned men is the Prince of Latine History there are only two books of Salusts Caesars Commentaries contain famous things but done in a few years
They delighted to write songs of pleasure of which sort was Pindar Anacreon and Callimachus with others among the Greeks Horace and Catullus among the Latines 3. Elegiack who wrote in a certain pitious verse called Elegy such among the Latines were Ovid Tibullus and Propertius 4. There were Comicall Poets who wrote Enterludes to recreate the people with matters of disport of whom among the Greeks Menander and Aristophanes were most excellent with the Latines Terence and Plautus and also Tragicall who set forth the dolefull fals of unfortunate and afflicted Princes such were Aeschyius Euripides and Sophocles with the Greeks Seneca among the Latines Satyricall who taxed the vices of the people in bitter speeches such were Lucilius Iuvenall and Persius among the Latines Others were given wholly to scoffing at undecent things and in short Poems uttered pretty merry conceits and these were called Epigrammatists as Martiall Poets are drawn with a desire of glory and are greedy of praise Nec petitur sacris nisi tantum fama Poetis There are Deliciae Poetarum where the famous Italian French German and Scotch Poets are mentioned Chytraeus hath this Epigram In tres Petros Poetas Carmine quid possint Itali cum Teutone Galli Scire cupis ternos aspice quaeso Petros Italiae Angelium Ronsardum Gallia suave Lorichii ingenium Teâ—tonis â—ra tulit Of Painting Painting is silent Poetry and Poetry a speaking Picture Of the first Inventer of it See Polyd. Verg. de Invent. Rerum l. 2. c. 24. Zeuxis Appelles Lysippus Parrhasius Praxiteles Phidias were famous Painters Two Artificers contended for the mastery in their Art and faculty the first drawing Grapes so lively that he couzened the birds the other a Vail so exquisitely that he couzened the Artificer himself Of Navigation This Art is much perfected since Salomons time Prima dedit nautis usum magnetis Amalphis Iohn Tapp hath written of the Art of Navigation and S t Thomas Rives hath written Historiam Navalem in two parts The vertue of the Loadstone is certainly wonderfull unknown to Aristotle and Plâ—ny and all the Ancients which vertue thus now being known and understood Navigation through and about the whole world was made easie and happy Sir Francis Bacon in his first book of the Advancement of Learning lib. 1 cap. 4. saith The Sciences which hold more of the Fancy and of Belief then of Reason and Demonstration are chiefly three Astrology naturall Magick and Alchimy I. For Astrology Though the Ancients generally confounded Astronomy and Astrology yet they are to be distinguished as the very Greek words shew The Scripture Psal. 19. commending the Sunne and the Starry Heavens for all its proper uses and ends that we should make of them saith not the least word of Judiciall Astrology or foretelling future events in the world by them whereas if that were true which is said that God by the Heavens as by a Book hath revealed what he would do it would have commended the study of the Heavens for this end to all for if God have manifested his will by it then certainly he would have commanded us to search for it there as he doth command us to finde out his will in the Scripture But the Scripture is so farre from commending such a study that it expresly forbids it as a grievous sinne Deut. 18. 10 14. Isa. 2. 6. 41. 23. 44. 25. 47. â—2 Iâ—â— 10. 2. Eccles. 10. 14. And that Judiciall Astrology is a vanity appeareth by this reason They undertake to foretell contingencies for the most part from the position of the seven Planets Now there being so vast a number of fixed Stars which have influence in earthly things in some proportion as well as the Planets how is it possible that they should foretell any certain truth One in Basill by his calculation noted a certain day which he mistrusted should be fatall unto him by some thing which should at that time befall him Whereupon he determined with himself all that day to keep him sure and safe within his chamber where he reaching up his hand to take down a Book the Book falling down upon his head gave him his deaths wound and shortly after he died upon the same Tycho Brahe in his Oration de Disciplinis Mathematicis doth plead somewhat for Astrology But Gassendus de Doctrina Epicuri hath a Diatribe against Judiciall Astrology and cals it ridiculous Sixtus ab Hemminga wrote a Book against those which profess Astrology which he entitled Astrologia ratione experientia refutata liber He shews there that all the promises which Astronomers make of future events are vain and that evidently in the genitures of thirty famous persons which Suffridus Petrus de Scriptoribus Frisiae reckons up Another kinde of Divination is Physiognomy If I say a sanguineous man is prone to lust that is a true judgement this is properly Physiognomy but if thou saiest he is actually lustfull that is a rash judgement for by reason or the grace of God he may restrain that as the story of Socrates is known A certain kind of Physiognomy is called Chiromancy or Palmestry which is a divination by inspection of the lines in the hand Frontemque manumque praebebit vati Juv. Sat. 1. Aristotle in his singular book of Physiognomy hath made no mention of Chiromancy yet I beleeve the Egyptians who were addicted to those abstruse and mysticall sciences had a knowledge therein to which those vagabond and counterfeit Egyptians did after pretend and perhaps retained a few corrupted principles which sometimes might verifie their prognosticks D r Brown Religio Medici See of them Camerar Histor. Meditat. l. 1. c. 17. II. Of Natural Magick Some distinguish between Natural Artificial and Diabolical though others dislike them all Zoroaster is said first to invent this Art of Magick Vide Aug. De Civ Dei l. 21. c. 14. Polyd. Verg. De Invent. Rerum l. 1. c. 22. Magick flourished especially among the Persians One saith Magia est ars impetrandi à Diabolo quicquid ipsi praescripseris Magick is an Art of obtaining of the Devil whatsoever thou shalt command him As Christianity is an Art of obtaining from God what is profitable so Magick is an Art of obtaining from the Devil what thou shalt command him For the Devil is the Author and worker of those things which the Magicians work though one saith The Art is but Naturalis Philosophiae absoluta consummatio the absolute perfection of natural Philosophy Plinie speaketh of Moses his Myracles though he do ill in calling him a Magician for 1. what likenesse is there between the illusions of a Magician which vanish away in the twinkling of an eye and the leading of a mighty great Nation through the Sea and which is more the maintaining of them from hunger and thirst so long a time There is no Law in the world
the shape of tongues Quid autem linguâ— dissectae aliud saith one quam variarum linguarum cognitionem portenderunt Bibliander saith There are seventy seven Languages commonly reckoned De ratione communi omnium Linguarum c. 1. The Hebrew Language was the first and most ancient and the onely Language before the building of the Tower of Babel Austen saith It is better to be in the company of a known dog then in a mans society whose speech is unknown to us The Hebrew tongue kept its purity and remained uncorrupted though other tongues were added to it and derived from it It is reported of Mithridates that he spake two and twenty Languages Gesner therefore writing a Book of divers Languages styles it Mithridates Gesneri Vide R. Episc. Uss. Annal. partem posteriorem p. 142. Et Theodorum Bibliandrum De Ratione Communi omnium Linguarum c. 1. Benedictus Arias Montanus in his Preface to the King of Spains Bible professeth that he understood ten Languages Godeschalcus Praetorius a man of great wit and vast memory and famous in all kinde of Learning once a singular ornament of the University of Francford in Germany understood fourteen Tongues saith Nâ—ander in the first part of his Geography Postell shews that he was skilfull in fifteen Languages Schindler and De Dieu were Polyglottists Ioseph Scaliger and our Bishop Andrews had also knowledge in severall Languages Theodorus Bibliander De Ratione Communi omnium Linguarum cap. 1. saith thus of himself Equidem ut de uberiori aliqua perfusione divini spiritus gloriari non possum nec debeo ita beneficia Christi servatoris minimè vel modestum vel religiosum est dissimulare Fateâ—rque me non tam labore diligentia ingenii quodam acumine singulari quam ex merito gratia doâ—o principis nostri opt max. Iesu Christi consecutum esse facultatem aliquam scribendi loquendi aut certè judicandi de iu linguis quae totum orbem terrarum longè lateque possident Vide plura ibid. The common use of all Languages is twofold One That others may discover their minde to us Another That we likewise may reveal our mimde to them As the confusion of tongues at Babel had caused the casting off of the Gentiles by severing them from the participation of the true Religion which was onely professed and known in the Hebrew tongue so was the gift of tongues to be a needfull means to bring them into Religion again when every one may hear of the things of God in his own Language The Languages may be divided into Oriental and Occidental 1. Oriental Hebrew Chaldee Samaritan Syriack Arabick Aethiopick Persian Armenian Coptick 2. Occidental Greek Latine Spanish French Italian German English and Sclavonick which is spoken very generally The Oriental tongues are written and read from the right hand to the left except the Aethiopick and Armenian The Grecians at first did write forward and backward whence that phrase Literas exarare and lineae are called versus and thence that was a most profitable and grave Decree of the Councel of Vienna celebrated under Clement the 5 th That there should be in Universities publick professours of the Hebrew Chaldee and Arabick tongues which should teach them and translate books out of them into Latine for the propagation of the Faith and more easie conversion of the Infidels Sigismundus Gelenius hath written Lexicum Symphonum Quo quatuor Linguarum Europae familiarium Graecae scilicet Latinae Germanicae ac Sclavinica concordia judicatur Bibliander De ratione communi omnium linguarum layes down an easie method of learning a Language Qui enim dictiunculas principales themata singulis diebus discat aliquid tribuat regulis derivandi flectendi câ—â—poâ—eâ—di utque ordinem constructionis leges cognoscat centesimo die per otium linguam perdidicit He saith there That there are a thousand original words of the Latine tongue and themata bis mille linguae Hebraeae two thousand roots of the Hebrew tongue There are three principal or learned Languages the Hebrew Greek and Latine I. Of the Hebrew Of Languages the Hebrew as it is the first and most ancient of all so it alone seems to be pure and sincere all the rest almost are mixt for there is none of them which hath not certain words derived and corrupted from the Hebrew So the Latines have not onely borrowed many words of Art from the Grecians but also of things which they found in their books So the Latine tongue was corrupted by the Gothes in Italy France and Spain Some think that the English Language is most mixt and corrupt of all Munster in the second Book of his universal Cosmography saith The English tongue is compounded of many Languages In times past he saith it was pure Germane as one may know by Beda who was born in England The Mysteries of God and our salvation were delivered by God and received by the holy Fathers and Prophets in the Hebrew tongue The Hebrew tongue excels all others in dignity pleasure profit and necessity The antiquity of it demonstrates its dignity the simplicity and grace of it its pleasure It is the fountain of all other Languages of the Indian Persian Babylonian Armenian Syriack Arabick the Egyptian Aethiopick and therefore profitable Beckman shews that many Greek words are derived from it By it we are instructed in the knowledge of God and the Church and our selves therefore it is very necessary The Punique tongue was the Canaanitish or old Hebrew Language that which was vulgarly spoken among the Jews before the Captivity Amongst Christians for more then a thousand years from Christ none scarce did adorn the Hebrew Language unlesse very few The Jews were in such hatred that their very Language was vilified Origen of Alexandria learned it of a Jew called Hill not without trouble and the publick upbraiding of Celsus Ierom also of Stridona a Monk and Presbyter learned this Language at Bethlehem especially in the night time of a Jew fearing his Countreymen whose name was Barhanina whence Ruffinus becoming his enemy objected to him that leaving Christ he followed Barabbas He neglecting that calumny went on stoutly and taught many religious Virgins this Language that they might sing Hebrew Psalms After Ierom who flourished in the year of Christ 385. followed Iohn Damascene who lived in the year of Christ 730. Nicholas Lyra was converted from Judaism in the year of Christ 320. Afterward Paulus Burgensis was converted from Judaism And this was the lot of that holy Language even unto the year of Christ 1440. when Printing was invented and the studies of Languages and Learning began to flourish Here among the Christian restorers of the holy tongue Reuclin was the first He learned the Greek tongue of Greek exiles amongst whom was Chalcondylas and the Hebrew of the Jews and he illustrated both The ice being broken by
sepultae jam antiquitati lucem vitamque allaturas Poetarum illis seges densissima est ut nullibi terrarum major ingeniorum messis provenerit saith M r Greaves in his Oration He commends it also for its facility for here are no dialects at all no turnings of flexions no anomalies Mercer Ioseph Scaliger Francis Rophelengius Isaac Casaubone Emanuel Tremelius and Francis Iunius Clenard Golius and our Pocock and Graves highly prized this Language and promoted the study of it The Arabians saith Bedwell translated the Syriack Testament not the Greek as it will appear by many places to him that shall compare them whence those things which are very well rendred by the Syriack are also rendred ad verba by the Arabick where the Syriack hath erred there also the Arabick hath much more missed the mark Of the Ethiopick or Indian Language It is so near saith Bibliander De Ratione Communi omnium linguarum cap. 2. to the Hebrew Chaldee and Arabick that there is scarce any diction which is not found in some of them The Ethiopians are descended from Chus the sonne of Cham. It proceeds almost wholly from the Hebrew Chaldee Syriack and Arabick They write from the left hand to the right It hath a great passage through all the Kingdom of Ethiopia and Africk which is of great extent Some think the Prophets were written in the Ethiopick tongue from the times of our Saviour Christ and his Apostles and that the Eunuch who was Treasurer under the Queen of Candace read it by which Eunuch also afterward all Ethiopia was converted to the faith of the Gospel Of the Persian Language There are many footsteps of the Persian Language in the Scripture especially in Esther as Ahashuerus Esther Hammedetha Phur or Phurim Gaza Susa Zeres Mardochai and others Persarum lingua omnium linguarum mundi facillima est Bibliand De Ratione Communi omnium linguarum M r Graves hath written of it Persian lingua in tota ferè Asia hodiè locum habet ut in occidente Latina saith Waserus in his Commentary on Gesners Mithridates Of the Coptick Kircherus hath written Of the chief Oriental Languages Arabick Armenian Syriack and Ethiopick hath Petrus Victor Cajetanus Palma written and Ludovicus De Dieu a Grammar of them Of the Greek Language It is a most elegant rich and copious Language and very usefull for understanding of the Scripture and other Arts. The Old Testament was translated out of Hebrew into Greek and the New Testament was wholly written by the Apostles in this Language Many Greek Fathers also have commented on the Scripture or defended Religiou by Theological Treatises Grammatica Dialectica Rhetorica Arithmetica Musica Geometria and many Chronological words have come from the Greek Many terms in the Mathematicks cannot be understood without it The Greeks in their Liturgie have no Latine speech but the Latines have divers Greek speeches in theirs An evident proof that the Latines have received of the Greeks the Christian Religion and have been their Disciples As this appears by the History of the Acts of the Apostles where we may see the Christian Religion passed from Syria to the Greeks and from the Greeks into Italy and to Rome Thence it comes that the most part of words used in Religion amongst the western Christians are Greek as those of Christ Church Apostle Evangelist Baptism Eucharist Bishop Deacon Exorcist Monk Letany Antiphonie Chrisme Rom. 1. 14. I am debtor both to the Greeks and Barbarians that is to all Nations under heaven bottoming his speech from the phrase of the Grecians which gave the style of Barbarous for distinction sake unto all the Nations even the Romans beside themselves The Greek Language is difficult by reason of the many Dialects the Attick common Eolick Ionick and Dorick The Attick Dialect is the most elegant and usefull the Dorick was the most gross therefore the Eclogues and conferences of Shepherds were written by Theocritus in that Language Yet Petrus Mosellanus Orat. de Var. Ling. Cognit saith Adsit ingenium foelix non desit discendi propositum constans contingat praeceptor non doctus soâ—ùm sed prudens vel meo ipsius periculo polliceri ausim minori tempore negotio mediocrem utriusque linguae cognitionem posse percipi quà m hodiè linguâ— semel latinae miserandâ— discitur balbuties Catâ— being old learned Greek as Origen did Hebrew There is no Language so happy in composition as the Greek so fit in joyning and coupling one word with another as it as Iulius Pollux a Greek Authour in his Onomasticon evidently demonstrates All the Hebrew and Latine eloquence know not with their mystery gravity copiousness and eloquence to express and utter so properly and naturally many Nowns and Verbs as are to be found frequently in the Books of Greek Authours Greek Books in very deed if any after the sacred are best able to make a man Wise and Learned D r Casaub. of Enthus c. 2. At this day the Greek Tongue is very much decayed not only as touching the largeness of it but also in the pureness and elegancy of the Language though it was preserved pure longer then the Latine Brerewoods Enquiries touching the diversity of Languages cap. 2 Picus Mirandulanus Hermolaus Barbarus Bembus Politian were famous Italians well skild in the Greek By the pains of Theodorus Gaza Luscaris Musâ—rus Cretensis Chalcondiles Argyropylus Trapezuntius Chrysoloras the Greek tongue was wonderfully spread Sthwartzerd was called from the Greek Melancthon Newman Neander Church-yard Polyander Freeman Luther 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Reuclin Capâ—io The Germane tongue hath many words purely Greek as Neander in the first part of his Geography shews Doctissimus ille quondam praeceptor meus Iohannes Camerarius Dalburgius Ecclesiae Uvormaciensis reverendissimus antistes aliquot millia dictionum Graecarum collegerat quae in utraque lingua Graeca Germanica idem significant Bibliand de Ratione communi omnium Linguarum c. 2. The French tongue hath a great conformity with the Greek as both Ioach. Perionius de Linguae Gall. cum Graeca cognat and Henry Stevens in that Book entituled Conformité de Language Francois avec le Grec abundantly shew So hath the English also divers words from them as I have elsewhere declared All Learning and Wisdom is contained in the Greek Language Of the Latine Tongue It is one of the three Learned Tongues in comparison of which all others are said to be barbarous Some hold that the flourishing pure and incorrupt age of the Latine Tongue was from Terence even to the times of Quintilian This age had Terence Pacuvius the Poet Lucretius and Archias Poets Varro Cicero Iulius Caesar Virgill Horace Propertius Tibullus Catullus Ovid Salust Columella Livy Quintus Curtius Persius Seneca Silvius Italicus and Martiall Under Augustus Caesar the Latine tongue was most pure Vide Becmanni Manuduct ad Ling. Lat. c. 6. concerning the pure Latine
of Sussex Aunt to the renowned Sir Philip Sidney widow of Thomas Ratcliffe Earl of Sussex founded this Colledge by the name of the Colledge of the L. Frances Sidney Sussex It is much inlarged since by divers Benefactors Doctor Ward was Master there and M. Gataker Fellow CHAP. XIV Of the Universities of Scotland and Ireland THe learned men of Scotland have been these 1. Marianus sirnamed Scotus 2. Hector Boetius both Historians 3. Iohn Major a well known Schoolman Since the Reformation George Buchanan an excellent Poet. King Iames his Scholar and a good Poet also Napier the Laird of Marchiston Barclay the Father and the Sonne Iohn Skeine the Antiquary of this Nation Doctor Iohn Maxwell the learned Bishop of Rosse Rolloc Baronius Cameron Melvin The Universities I. Aberdein King Alexander with his Sister Isabella adorned this with many priviledges about the year 1240. Doctor Iohn Forbes was Professor of Divinity here Glasco It is honoured with an Archbishops See and an University founded here by Archbishop Turbal An. 1454. S t Andrews It is the chief Town of Fife an Archiepiscopal See and an University erected in the year after our Saviours Incarnation 1411. The University of Ireland THe Christian Faith was first preached among the Irish by S t Patrick The Irish Scholars of Patrick profited so notably in Christianity that in the Age next following Ireland was termed Sanctorum Patria that is the native Countrey of Saints and the Scottish Monks in Ireland and Britain highly excelled for their holinesse and learning Out of Ireland came Caelius Sedulius a Priest Richard Fitz-Ralf commonly called Armachanus is of famous memory who turned the edge of his style about the year 1355. against the mendicant Friers as detesting in Christians such voluntary begging Dublin or Divelin There is a beautifull Colledge consecrated unto the name of the holy and indivisible Trinity which for the exercising and polishing of wits with good Literature Queen Elizabeth endowed with the Priviledges of an University and it is furnished with a good Library Bishop Usher was born there and was the first Scholar of that Colledge Thus much of Dublin saith Camden in his Britaine for the most part of which I acknowledge my self beholden unto the diligence and learning of Iames Usher Chancellor of S t Patricks Church whose variety of knowledge and judgement are far above his years The End of the second Book THE THIRD BOOK Of such as were Famous for ZEAL IN THE True RELIGION or any Kinde of Learning CHAP. I. A ISaac Abarbinel a Jew of great note both amongst the Jews and Christians He is the best Expofitor of the Jews upon the Text. His Hebrew Comment upon the Pentateuch and Prophets are much esteemed by those who are so well skilled in the Hebrew that they are able to make use of them He hath Commented say some upon all the Scripture Some Jews of malice study to pervert all Christian Doctrine as this man Abrabbanâ—â—l or Barbanel a Rabbin of great pains and wit but not of grace and only to be followed when he clearly is on our side H. Broughtons Observat. upon the first ten Fathers Robert Abbot a pious and Learned Bishop His excellent Writings are much esteemed Some much commend his Book de Antichristo others his Answer to Bishop others his Treatise de gratia perseverantia Sanctorum He wrote a most accurate Commentary in Latine upon the Epistle to the Romanes with large Sermons upon every verse in which he handled as his Text gave him occasion all the controverted points of Religion at this day They who withhold this work from the publick view as they wrong the Church in generall so in speciall the City and Cathedrall Church of Worcester to which he bequeathed it as a kinde of legacy as the Authours own words in his Dedicatory Epistle to B. Babington printed with his Sermons upon the 110 Psalm import Petrus Abelardus vel ABAELARDUS a person of great note in his time contemporary with Bernard See Pasquiers Recherch de la France l. 6. c. 17. Two of the verses of his Epitaph are these Ille sciens quicquid fuit ulliscibile vicit Artifices artes absque docente docens Scripsit opera quam plurima in unum volumen edita opera Studio Francisci Amboesi equitis Abelfoedus a great Cosmographer Alpbonsus Tostatus Abulensis Episc. 1430. Had he lived in any other age save his own we should not have needed now to envy either Hippo for Augustine or Strido for Ierom nor any other of those ancient noble Worthies of the Church Possevine in his Apparatus saith that at the age of 22 years he attained the knowledge of almost all Arts and Sciences For besides Philosophy and Divinity the Canon and Civill Laws History and the Mathematicks he was well skilled in Greek and Hebrew Hic stupor est mundi qui scibile discutit omne He wrote so many Books and they not ill ones that the world computed a sheet for every day of his life Some conceive they meant after he came to the use of reason and the state of a man others say he wrote more sheets of paper then he lived daies It is related by a very credible Author Fr. Ximenes Archbishop of Toledo and Primate of all Spain that reckoning the daies that he lived from his first infancy untill his dying day you shall finde three sheets of paper that he wrote for every day He is styled Voluminous Abulensis or the Voluminous Writer Accursius He flourished in the year 1223 or as some say 1230. He was the first that wrote a Gloss upon all the Civil Law and as yet the last saith Genebrard in his Chronology Iacobus Acontius He hath written a book called Stratagemata Satanae See D r Cheinels Triunity Adrian the Emperour was a very Learned Prince and Facetious a great Grecian he was called by many Graeculus Pope Adrian the fourth an Englishman he was bred and born at S t Albons Oft times in familiar talk with Iohn of Salisbury his Countryman he used these sentences To take the Papacy saith he is to succeed Romulus in murder and not Peter in sheep-feeding None is more wretched then the Romish Bishop neither is any mans condition more miserable then his Iohan. Salisb. de nugis aulicorum l. 8. His breath was stopt with a fly which entred into his throat Pope Adrian the sixth a poor mans sonne of Utrecht He was a Learned man and Schoolmaster to Charles the 5 th who sent him to Rome to negotiate for him for the Popedom thinking thereby to sway much if he could get both the Swords but they chose Adrian who would not change his name as the custom is when he was made Pope Marcellus Cervinus being elected Pope also retained his name shewing that his dignity had not changed him See the Hist. of the Counell of Trent l. 5. p. 389 390. He
framing the Decrees of Originall sinne and Justification having noted all the opinions and reasons used in those Discussions thought to communicate them unto the world and to draw the words of the Decree to his own meaning printed a Book containing the whole together and did intitle it De Natura Gratia and did Dedicate it with an Epistle to the Councell to be as he said in the Dedication a Commentary of the two foresaid Decrees Coming to the Article of the certainty of grace he said in a long Discourse that the Synod had declared that a man cannot know he hath grace by so great Certainty as is that of Faith excluding all doubt Catarinâ—s newly made Bishop of Minori having defended the contrary and still persevering did print a little book with an Epistle Dedicatory to the same Synod the scope whereof was to maintain that the Councels meaning was not to condemn the opinion of him that saith A just man may know he hath grace as certainly as he knoweth the Articles of Faith to be true yea that the Councell hath decided that he is bound to beleeve it because in the 26 Canon it hath condemned him that saith That the just man ought not to hope for and expect a reward it being necessary that he that ought to hope as a just man should know he is so In this contrariety of opinions both writing affirmatively to the Councell either of them did not only say that his opinion was the opinion of the Synod but afterwards wrote also and Printed Apologies and Antipologies making complaints to the Synod the one of the other of attributing that to it which it never said bringing divers testimonies of the Fathers to prove their own opinion who bare witness some for one some for another This seemed to put all men out of hope to understand the meaning of the Councell seeing the principall men that were present in it did not agree History of the Counc of Trent l. 2. p. 229 230. Cato he was called Cato Censorius to distinguish him from Cato Uticensis Pliny l. 7. c. 21. gives him a threefold Elogy he saith he was Optimus Orator optimus Imperator optimus Senator the best Orator the best Commander the best Senator M. Porcius Cato Censorius historieus eximius aliis quoque nominibus laudatissimus Voss. De Histor. Lat. l. 1. c. 5. Plutarch wrote his life Catullus Dulcissimus omnium poetarum politissimus Turneb Advers l. 12. c. 1. Iacobus Cavacius There is his Historia Caenobii D. Iustinae Patavinae Nemo sorâ—e melius nostra hac aetate monstravit quid valeat vivida foelix ingenii ab ipsa natura vis quam Iacobus Cavacius condiscipulus olim noster amicus omnium horarum Histeriarum libri sex brevissimo temporis intervallo absoluti eruditorum manibus tâ—runtur quos Phoenix Litteratorum Isaacus Casaubonus unicè â—â—rabatur Pignoriâ— Miscella Elog. Adclamat c. Nicol. Caussinus a very eloquent French Papist and yet living There are these Works of his Eloquentiae Sacrae humanae Paralela De Symbolica Aegyptiorum Sapientia Polyhistor Symbolicus Lâ— Coâ—r Saincte The â—uâ—us Graecae Poeseos Many of his Works are translated into English Aurelius Cornelius Celsus a Learned Physitian Vir in omni disciplina summus Augusti principatu vel Tiberii floruit Castellanus de vitis medicorum Vide plura ibid. Hippocrates ille Romanus He imitates Hippocrates as Marcellus doth Scribonius Virgill Homer and Oribasius Galene sed tam occulte ut non facile deprehendas nisi in Hippocrate multum sis versatus Caius de libris propriis Conradus Celtes He was in esteem in the time of Frederick the Emperour by whom through the perswasion of the Duke of Saxony he was adorned with a Poeticall Lawrell in the 32 year of his age and was the first of the Germanes that was honoured with this title Boxhorn Monum Illust. Vir. Elog. Voss. de Histor. Lat. l. 3. c. 10. He and Eobanus Hessus were two of the most famous Poets of Germany He hath put out severall Works Index eorum omnium quae in orationem venire possunt De situ moribus Germaniae De Conscribendis Epistolis Urbis Norembergae descriptio Poemata and other Works CHAP. XI CEnturiae Ecclesiasticae Four Saxons gathered together in the City of Magdeburge viz. Flaccus Illyricus Ioannes Vigandus Matthaeus Iudex and Basilius Faber in religion rigid Luther anes took upon them to write the whole Ecclesiastical History from Christ to their times by centuries or ages allowing a hundred year to every age whence they are called Centuriatores Pars. threefold Convers. of Engl. part 1. l. 2. c. 5. Lucas Osiander hath epitomized the eight first Centuries of the Magdeburgenses so that he hath scarce omitted any thing necessary to be known All godly learned men and truly fearing God saith Melchior Adam in vita Wigandi have with Sturmius approved that Ecclesiastical History and to this day approve it because they see an Idea as it were of the Church of Christ in its several Centuries contained in it according to its propagation persecution tranquillity doctrine heresie Ceremonies Government schismes Synods persons miracles Martyrdoms the Religion out of the Church and Politick State of the Empire Iacobus Ceratinus He died at Lovain in the flower of his Age Anno 1530. Ludovicus de la Cerda a learned and industrious man He hath put out these Works Adversaria sacra Psalterii Salomonis c. Gr. MS. Codice Latina versio De excellentia Coelestium Spirituum imprimis de Angeli custodis Ministerio Annotationes in Tertullianum Com. in Lib. Virgilii and other Works Antonius Rodolphus Cevallerius a Norman a great Hebrician There are Rudimenta Hebraicae linguae recognita aucta ab eodem cum Pet. Cevallerii Annot. Joh. Tremellii Epistola Petrus Cevallorius a French man and very expert in the Hebrew Vir linguae sanctae dum viveret peritissimus mihique ob singularem pietatem morum probitatem charissimus Casaub. Animadvers in Athen. l. 3. c. 28. Demetrius Chalcondylas a diligent Grammarian who being himself a Grecian by Nation was Professour of the Greek in Italy Daniel Chamierus a Frenchman who in his Panstratiae Catholicae hath so learnedly refuted the Papists that none of them hath made any answer to it His Epistolae Iesuiticae and Corpus Theologiae also shew his great abilities There is also a Work of his in French entituled La Confusion Des Disputes Papistes Par Daniel Chamier And another in answer to some Questions of Coton the Jesuite which I cannot purchase He was killed at Mountaban with a Canon bullet which had a C. on it on the Lords-day Being asked by one before Whether he preached on that day He said it was his day of repose or rest and so it proved though he meant it in another sense Peter Charon a French Papist He
hath written a fine Treatise De La Sagesse if he be not beholding to others for it Galfridus Chaucerus Ieffery Chaucer he was born in Oxfordshire He first of all so illustrated the English Poetry that he may be esteemed our English Homer He is our best English Poet and Spencer the next Praedicat Algerum meritò Florentia Dantem Italia numeros tota Petrarcha tuos Anglia Chaucerum veneratur nostra Poeta Cui Veneres debet patria lingua suas Lel. lib. Epig. He seems in his Works to be a right Wiclevian as that of the Pellican and Griffin shews He was an acute Logician a sweet Rhetorician a facetious Poet a grave Philosopher and a holy Divine His Monument is in Westminster Abbey Chaucerus linguam patriam magna ingenii solertia ac cultura plurimùm ornavit itemque alia cum Joannis Mone poema de arte amandi Gallicè tantùm legeretur Anglico illud metro feliciter reddidit Voss. De Histor Lat. l. 3. c. 2. Antoine de Chandieu a learned French Divine Beza highly commends his Book of the Marks of the true Church There are other Works also of his De l' unique Sacrifice Contre les Traditions Sir Iohn Cheek He was Schoolmaster to King Edward the 6 th and most skilfull in Greek and Latine He was Publique Oratour and Greek Reader in Cambridge In the discharge of the later he went over Sophocles twice all Homer all Euripides and part of Herâ—dotus Roger Ascham in the first Book of his Epistles speaking of him and Sir Thomas Smith saith Qui si adscribendum se dedissent nec in Sadoleto Italia nec in Longolio Gallia justius quam in istis duobus Anglia gloriata fuisset He was the first Regius Professour of the Greek Tongue in Cambridge as Sir Thomas Smith was of Law They were both Fellows of the same Colledge both Professours in the same University both Officers of State in the same Court both wrote De pronunciatione linguae Graecae They two especially by their advice and example brought the study of Tongues and other politer Learning first into request in Cambridge Under God Sir Iohn Cheek was a special instrument of the propagation of the Gospel and that religion which we now professe in this Kingdom For he not only sowed the seeds of that Doctrine in the heart of Prince Edward which afterward grew up iuto a general Reformation when he came to be King but by his means the same saving truth was gently instilled into the Lady Elizabeth by those who by his procurement were admitted to be the Guides of her younger studies In Henry the eighths time his friends and familiars were most of those worthy men which proved Reformers in King Edwards dayes and either Martyrs or exiles in Queen Maries His forreign acquaintance were Sleidan Melancthon Sturmius Bucer Camerarius Celius Peter Martyr and others great Scholars and good Protestants He went into Low-Germany Ut uxorem educeret saith Sleiden to fetch his wife from thence These words were corrupted into Uxorem duceret by Thuanus and others for he was married before In his return from Bruxwels to Antwerp he was apprehended by a Provost-Martial from King Philip and so conveighed speedily away to the Tower of London He was there by threatnings and other wayes brought to a recantation for which he was after much troubled and so died Sir Iohn Cheeks Works were Introductio Grammatices l. 1. De Ludi magistrorum officio l. 1. De Pronunciatione linguae Graecae Correctiones Herodoti Thucididis Platonis Demosthenis Xenophontis lib. plurimis Epitaphia l. 1. Panegyricus in nativitatem Edvardi Principis Elegia de aegrotatione obitu Edvardi 6 ti In obitum Antonii Dennei l. 1. De obitu Buceri Commentarii in Psalmum 139. alios An liceat nubere post Divortium lib. 1. De Fide justificante lib. 1. De aqua lustrali cineribus palmis ad Wintoniensem l. 1. De Eucharistiae Sacramento l. 1. Collegit in Parliamento argumenta rationes ex utraque parte super negotio Eucharistiae Libellus de damno ex seditione He translated also other things out of Greek into Latine and out of English into Latine Martinus Châ—mnitius A most famous and learned Doctor of Divinity in the Church of Brunswick His Harmony and other Theological writings are most profitable especially that excellent Work or rather most rich Theological Bibliotheque which contains both a Refutation of the Councel of Trent and also an Explication of the whole Doctrine of the Church to be read daily by all to whom the knowledge of the truth is welcome saith Neander Andreas du Chesne the King of France his Geographer He hath put out divers French Books Renatus Chopinus There are several Books of his Monasticon De Sacra Politia De Civil Paris moribus De domanio Franciae Privilegiis Rusticorum Panegyricus Henrici quarti and other Works Emanuel Chrysoloras of Constantinople He first brought back again the Greek Language after seven hundred years and Learning into Italy writing a Grammar and he stirred up the Europeans against Bajazet Pezel Mellif Histor. part 3. See Antoine du Verdier his Preface to his Bibliotheque He came to Italy under Boniface the 9 th and first taught at Venice then at Florence afterward he went to the Councel of Constance there he was put to death and was praised at his Funeral by Poggius his Scholar Petrus Chrysologns the golden spoken man He was Archbishop of Ravenna 450 years after Christ. His Works are in one Volume Iohn Chrysostome Anno Dom. 400. 398. saith Calvisius A Greek and Ecclesiastical writer a writer no lesse profitable then copious no lesse copious then sweet Quo nemo ex antiquis aut majore dexteritate scripturas tractavit aut populum docuit salubrius aut haereticos oppugnavit acrius quo nemo aut ad virtut is studia inflammavit vehementius aut vitia sui temporis insectatus est liberius Bois in the Preface to his Notes upon Chrysostomes third Tome Post sacra Biblia Paulinas imprimis Epistolas nullum novi scriptum in quo qui concionatores sunt Graece non nesciunt majore cum fructu versentur quam in beata Chrysostomi homiliis quas it a numeros as reliquit ut nemo plures it a bonas ut nemo meliores it a disertas dilucidas ut nihil ne excogitari quidem possit disertum aut dilucidum magis Bois ibid. The soundest Interpreter I think of all the Greek and Latine Fathers D r Hackw Apol. l. 5. The Christian Demosthenes Although he very well answeres his name yet he sometimes redounds with words and seems immoderate in digressions Eras. Epist. l. 28. Epist. 7. He doth excellently on the New Testament There is Opus imperfectum on Matthew in Latine of which there is nothing to be found in the Greek books of Chrysostomes Opus sine
virili parte expedivimus atque illustravimus Fulleri Miscel. c. 4. l. 6. c. 19. Inter harum literarum studiosos meritò primas tenet Nicolaus Fullerus Pocock Not. Miscel. In Portam Mosis He intended to put forth a Lexicon Sicuti in Lexico nostro apertius ostendamus sigillatim modo vita supersit aâ— studiis conâ—tibusque nostris propitius adsit calestis Pater Deus noster in secula benedictus Fulleri Miscel. l. 3. c. 10. and c. 20. of the same book he saith Quemadmodum in Lexico nostro dilucidè docuimus Vide Praefat. ejus ad l. 4. Miscel. l. 4. c. 7. The End of the third Book THE FOVRTH BOOK Of such as were Famous for ZEAL IN THE True RELIGION Or in any Kinde of Learning CHAP. I. G IO Gagneius He hath written upon all the New Testament Rob. Gagwin He wrote the French History Erasmus his intimate friend cals him a most discreet Historiographer He compares him to Salust and Livy for purity of speech and composition of his History He was sent Embassadour by the King of France into Italy England and Germany He put out some Poems Petrus Galatinus He takes all from Raimundus or Porchetus Galeacins Caraccielus an Italian Marquesse He renounced Popeâ—y and became a good Protestant Beza hath written his Life Galen a Learned Physitian of Pergamus the chiefest Physitian next Hyppocrates He coming to a shop and finding a Book under his name which he knew not of nor never saw before he wrote a Book de libris propriis The like hath Cardane and Caius of Cambridge done that their genuine writings might be known they having published many Works Some say he lived sevenscore years Galenus homo Graecus summi judicii aâ— doctrinae vir ut si quis alius sui aut insequentis temporis Caius de Pronunciat Graec. Lat. Ling. His Philosophicall and Physicall Books were printed in Greek by Aldus Manutius at Venice being distinguished into Tomes with the most copious Prefaces of Camerarius Gemaseus and Fuchsius most famous men They were Printed at Basil in a great Folio Petrus Gallandius Turnebus in the 2 d Book of his Adversaria c. 1. much commends him Inter primos liberales disciplinas in Gallia jacentes politioris doctrinae luce illustravit Aub. Mir. Elog. Belg. Many of the famous learned men of France were his Scholars amongst which Adrian Turnebus was one as he ingenuously confesseth in his Adversaria Gulilaeus Galilaeus of Florence a famous Philosopher and Mathematician He hath published many things in the Hetrurian and Latine Language Henricus Gandavensis He was born at Gaunt in the Low-Countries and was a Doctor of Sâ—rbonne and explained the Scriptures many years at Paris He wrote besides Learned Commentaries upon Aristotles Physicks and Metaphysicks a Theologicall summe and a great Volume of Quodlibeticall Questions as they called them Stephen Gardiner Bishop of Winchester a Scholar good enough as his Works shew but a great enemy to the Protestants in Q. Maries daies He died miserably as M r Fox and others bear witness He hath written a Book De vera Obedientia and other Works in English Petrus Gassendus Professor of the Mathematicks at Paris the greatest Astronomer now living Thomas Gataker of the Gatakers of Gataker in Shropshire a solid judicious and pious Divine as his divers learned Latine and English Treatises shew For the Hebrew he acknowledged himself much beholding to Lively in the 9 th Ch. of the 2 d Book of his Cinnus and for the Greek to Iohn Boyse c. 9. of the first Book See his Life He was my worthy Friend and receiving a kinde Letter from him not long before his death he thus concluded it Thus with hearty salutation of your self and yours recommending your pious indeavours and indefatigable labours to the Lords gracious protection I rest Yours assured in him T. G. Lucas Gauricus He flourished at Venice Anno Christi 1550. He was made Bishop for his Learning He wrote many things His Works are in two Tomes Pomponius Gauricus a Learned man also was his brother He hath written De Sculptura Theodorus Gaza Omnium sui temporis hominum doctissimus habitus est Boiss Icon. He was born in Greece and brought up in Italy Vir graecus ut doctis etiam videtur eruditissimus Polit. Miscel. Cent. 1. He did so happily translate Tullies Book de Senectute into Greek that he hath excellently there represented the Majesty of Tullies eloquence When he presented to Sixtus Quartus the Pope of Rome Aristotles Books de Animalibus translated out of Greek which could not be done but by one most learned in both Languages and the Book was adorned with golden plates The Pope asked what the adorning of it cost his servant telling him fourty pieces of gold he commanded so many to be given him and no more Alsted Encyclop Many of his Works are mentioned by Boissard in his Icones Geber a Learned Arabian a great Chymist and a most acute Writer but very obscure The Alchimists have on set purpose saith Theuet Vies des hommes Illustres l. 2. obscured their manner of teaching not only thereby to make their Science more wonderfull but also to hinder the most part of men from attaining it He saith there that William Postell his good Friend and companion of his Travels in the East Greece and Asia had the Almagest of Geber which is an excellent Work in the Arabick Tongue containing the Explanation of the state of the years and Ceremonies according to the Feasts and Solemnities of the Israelites Nestorians Persians and Syrians which he had got from a Jew There is in Sion Colledge Alchimia De Metallorum Investigatione Perfectione De Fornacibus construendis Explicatio librorum Gebri Raym. Lullii Gelasius primus Papa Gelasius the first of that name Pope published five Books of the two Natures of Christ against Eutiches Nestorius Two Books against Arius Sigism Gelenius He hath written Observat. Emendat in Tit. Livium Aulus Gellius In the year of our Lord 98. Ludovicus Vives censures him somewhat harshly but Stephanus defends him in his Notes upon him His Book more pleaseth with its variety then its order Agellius potius quà m Gellius dictus videtur scriptor noctium Atticarum Voss. De Anal. l. 1. c. 6. Aulus Gellius huic legiturque Agellius illi Nominibus priscis heu malè tutâ— fides Steph. Paschas Icones Some dislike the title of his Book because it shews the time when he wrote it rather then the subject of the book Geminus Sir Henry Savill terms him Elegantissimum and acutissimum Georgius Gemistius Pletho a Grecian and great Scholar He put out a defence of Plato he was Professour in Greece and taught only those of his own Nation amongst whom Bessario was one many of whose Epistles to him are extant Volat. Anthropol l. 21. Gemma Frisius a great
His Works are mentioned by Melchior Adam in his life His Alvearium Romanum Romish Beehive it is translated into English and Table of the differences of Religion are very well liked Gruterus wrote these verses of him being dead Orbis delities amorque Marnix Quo digno poteris tegi sepulcro Defunctis aliis satis sepulâ—ro est Pars terrae brevis orbis ipse dignum Vix totus fuerit tibi sepulcrum Orbis delities amorque Marnix Clâ—m Marot a French Poet. Poëte de Princes Prince de Poëtes de son aage Antoin Verd. Biblioth In the Vulgar tongue he surmounted far all Poets that either were before his daies or that lived also in his time He turned 50 of Davids Psalms into French Meeter which are read with admiration of his excellent wit He set them forth at Genevah for he might not safely longer abide in France for suspition of Lutheranism See Pasquiers Recherches de la France l. 7. c. 5. Marguerite Queen of Navarre Sister to Francis the first There are her Memoires In the Epistle to the Reader are these words Que Rome vante tant qu' il luy plaira les Commentaires de son premier Empereur La France a maintenant les memoires d' une grande Roine qui ne leur cedent en rien Her Poeticall Works are joyned together Marsilius de Sancta Sophia He was the sonne of Nicolas Sancta Sophia He wrote many things most worthy to be known of healing sicknesses His Opera varia are in Oxford Catalogue M. Valâ—rius Martialis a witty Poet but too obscene Scriverius hath many Elogies of him in his Comment Matthias Martinius Professor of Divinity and Rector of Brema Some much prize Theologos Bremenses Salmurienses His Lexicon Philologicum is very well esteemed of Petrus Martinius He hath put out an Hebrew and Chaldee Grammer which is englished by Iohn Udall with Observations upon it Peter Martyr a Learned Italian He was born at Florence the most flourishing City not onely of Hetruria but of all Italy Of whom I cannot speak without great reverence B. Iewels Def. of his Apol. At Padua he first obtained a full knowledge of the Greek tongue and of Philosophy afterward at Bonâ—nia he diligently studied the Hebrew tongue and Divinity He was at first a Monk and was counted the chief of his order but when he more seriously punished their loose lives he got thereby much envy He hath written Common-places a large Book in defence of Bishop Cranmer against Gardiner of the Eucharist and excellently expounded divers books of Scripture Genesis Iudges Kings Samuell the Epistle to the Romans the first Epistle to the Corinthians and hath published other Treatises He was Canon of Christ-Church in Oxford as is said in his life and as he himself affirms in his Epistles Andreas Masius a great Linguist He hath written Learnedly on Ioshua and assisted Arias Montanus in the edition of the King of Spains Bible and first of all illustrated the Syriack Idiome with Grammaticall Precepts and a Lexicon There was a great familiarity between him and Laevinus Torrentius and Augerius Busbequius and at Rome he was intimate with Antonius Augustinus and other Learned men He saith in his Preface to his Grammer of the Syriack tongue that Moses Mardenus was his Master Ipsum Romae privatim interdum audiebam doctorom Masorites They observed not only how many words but also how many syllables all the Books of Scripture contained Christianus Massaeus He hath written Chronicorum l. 20. Papyrius Massonius Such a Writer of the French Chronicle as Camden of the English Papyrii Massoni Annalium libri quatuor Quibus res gestae Francorâ—â— explicantur Antonius Matthaeus a Learned Lawyer His father was Conradus Matthaeus Professor at the University of Marpurg He had three brothers famous for Learning and four sonnes Professors in four Universities Vide vitas Profes Groningae There his Works are mentioned Petrus Matthaeus a famous Historian Pierre Matthieu in French He hath written opus Historicum politicum and divers historicall things in French Petrus Andreas Matthiolus a great Herbalist He hath written Learned Commentaries on Dioscorides his six Books de medicâ— materia Maximilian the Emperour was learned himself he imitating the example of Iulius Caesar did write in Latine his own Acts and Feats done and that very exactly He was also a singular Patron and advancer of Learned Students as may well appear by the erecting and setting up of the University of Wittenberg Barthol Mayerus a very Learned man as his Philologia Sacra shews CHAP. XII JOseph Mede a Learned Divine of our own There is his Clavis Apocalyptica and many English Works De Medicis The House de Medicis in Florence hath been and still is a great favourer of Learning and Learned men See Les Vies Des Hommes Illustres du nom de Medicis by Le Brillant They give three Pills still for their Arms. Cosmi de Medicis was a lover and preferrer of Learned men for he brought unto Florence Argyropylus a Grecian born and in that time of singular Learning that the youth of Florence might be by him instructed in the Greek tongue and other good Learning He intertained in his house Marsilius Ficinus a second Father of the Philosophy of Plato and entirely loved him Machiav Hist. of Florence l. 7. His Sepulchre in the Church of Laurence in Florence is of Marble with this inscription Decreto Publico Pater Patriae Vide Leand. Alb Descript. Ital. in Thuscia Laurentius de Medicis his grandchilde was a lover of Learning Papyrius Massonus hath written his life well He greatly esteemed men that excelled in any Art He marvellously delighted in Musick Architecture and Poetry as many of his own verses and Commentaries yet extant do testifie He erected an University in Pisa whither he brought the most excellent men of all Italy Laurentius Medicis maxima hac tempestate studiorum patronus qui missis per universum terrarum orbem nunciis in omni disciplinarum genere libros summa ope conquirit Polit. Epist. l. 2. Epist. 6. Vide etiam l. 3. Epist. 6. l. 4. Ep. 2. l. 8 Epist. 1. l. 11. Epist. 25. Pope Leo the tenth was his Great Grandchild Petrus Medices Non minus jam sua quam familiae gloria scilicet in quo patris ingenium patrui virtus patrui magni humanitas avi probitas proavi prudentia pietas abavi reviviscit omnium vero majorum suorum liberalitas omniumque animus Petrus Medices Laurentii filius vir Graecis Latinis litteris optimè quod omnes fâ—teâ—mini peritus Nam hoc scripta ejus indicant quaedam ex Plutarcho de Amore conjugali quae vidimus traducta ab eo locupletissimè testantur Pier. Valer. De Litteratorum infelicitate l. 2. Vide plura ibid. Io. de Medina There were three famous Medina's Iohn Michael
Monum vol. 2. p. 353. And my L. Herbert of Henry the 8 th out of Fox He was so given to jesting and scoffing that he continued it unto his death One of the Officers at the Tower demanding his upper garment for his Fee meaning his Gown he answered that he should have it and gave him his Cap saying it was the uppermost garment he had Coming to the Tower-gate a poor woman called unto him and besought him to declare that he had certain evidences of hers in the time that he was in Office which after he was apprehended he could not come by and that he would intreat that she might have them again or else she was undone He answered Good woman have patience a little while for the King is so good to me that even within this half hour he will discharge me of all businesses and help thee himself Also when he went up the stair of the Scaffold he desired one of the Sheriffs Officers to give him his hand to help him up he said When I come down again let me shift for my self so well as I can Also the hang-man kneeled down to him asking him forgivenesse of his death as the manner is To whom he answered I forgive thee but I promise thee that thou shalt never have honour of the striking off my head my neck is so short Also even when he should lay down his neck on the block he having a great gray beard stroaked out his beard and said to the hang-man I pray you let me lay my beard over the block leaâ—t you should cut it others relate it thus that he said it never committed treason thus with a moâ—k he ended his life His English Works are mentioned by Maunsel in his Catalogue Ioh Morinus a Learned Papist There are his Exercitationes Biblica de Hebraeo Graecoque Textâ— Exercit. Ecclesiasticae Phil. Mornay Lord of Plessis His Work concerning the truth of Christian Religion was written in French against Atheists Epicures Paynims Jews Mahumetists and other Infidels began to be translated by Sir Phil. Sidney and at his request finished by Arthur Golding His other Works translated into English are mentioned by Maâ—â—sel Thom. Morton Bishop He hath written learnedly against the Papists confuting them from their own Authors There is his Apologia Catholica Causa Regia Catholick Appeal other Works Thomas Morton He hath written a learned Commentary in Latine upon the first Epistle of Pâ—ul to the Corinthians And some English Tracts Simeon Muis an excellent Hebrician He hath written well on all the Psalms and also learnedly asserted the Hebrew truth against Morinus Sebastian Munster a Germane a learned Hebrician and Mathematician He was born Anno 1489. Marcus Antonius Muretus a very eloquent and diligent Writer What Latine Author hath he passed by either Historian Oratour or Poet which he hath not explained amended and restored to his purity either with his Commentaries Scholia or Notes Terence Petronius Tibuâ—â—us Catullus Propertiâ—s Tully Seneca Salust Tacitus and how learned he was his book of divers readings sheweth His excellent Orations shew his great eloquence Quis humilia subtilius ampla sublimius mediocria temperatius potuit dicere quibus virtutibus perfecti oratoris laus continetur Jani Nicii Erythraei Pinacotheca Vide plura ibid. Gesner mentions his Latine works and Antoine Du Verdier his French Musaeus He wrote the loves of Leander and Herûs he lived saith Vossius De Poetis Grâ—cis c. 9. sub Augustis quidem post quartum seculum Wolfangus Musculus a judicious and solid Divine Anno 1497. He hath written Commentaries In Genes In Psalmos Fol. In Isaiam Fol. In Matthaeum Fol. In Iohannem Fol. In Ep. ad Rom. Corinth In Epist. ad Gal. Ephes. In Ep. ad Phil. Colos. Thess. ad Tim. And Loci Communes Theologi Ioachimus Mynsingerus Anno Christ. 1514. His Commentary upon Iustinians Institutions is well liked He hath written other Works mentioned in the Oxford Catalogue The End of the fourth Book THE FIFTH BOOK Of such as were Famous for ZEAL IN THE True RELIGION Or in any Kinde of Learning CHAP. I. N CN Naevius A famous ancient Poet. Naevius in manibus non est mentibus haeret Poene recens adeo sanctum est vetus omne Poema Horat. l. 2. Ep. 1. Petrus Nannius a general Scholar thought worthy to succeed Conradus Goclenius in Collegio trilingui at Lovain He died there Anno 1557. he hath written much His Works are mentioned by Melchior Adam in his Life Franciseâ—s Nansius Vossius in his Book De Constructione c. 62. cals him Doctissimum praeceptorem suum and quotes his Notes on Nonnus Iohn Napier a Scot. L. of Marcheston younger He was the inventer of the Logarithmes He hath written well upon the Revelation Natalis Comes Venetus a most learned Writer He composed thirty Books of History in a learned and grave style and wrote ten Books of Mythology a learned and laborious Work in which he demonstrates that almost all the opinions of Natural Philosophy was contained under the fables of the Ancients R. Mardochai Nathan Inscriptis Talmudicis versatissimus L'Empereur Talmud Babyl Cod. mid cap. 4. Sect. 1. There is His Hebrew Concordance of the Bible Gabriel Naudaeus a learned Frenchman He wrote Advis pour dresser une Bibliotheque De Studio Liberali Syntagma Ioannes Nauclerus nobilis Suevus fuit filius Ioannis Vergae vulgo Vergenhaus quod nantam notat unde Nauclerus Graeca appellatione vocatus Voss. De Hist. Lat. l. 3. p. 581. Ioannes Reuclinus was his Scholar Andreas Navagerius A most compleat Poet Orator and Historian He hath written a History De rebus Venetis Two most elaborate Orations and divers Poems Annotations upon all Ovids works Gregory Nazianzene Anno Dom. 370. 361. Helv. Chron. He was famous for his piety and learning zeal and patience He was Ieroms Master It is generally received that he was Bishop of Nazianzum by Ierome himself in Catal. Bellarm. De Script Eccles. Camerarius Yet by Gregorius who wrote Nazianzens Life and indeed by Nazianzen himself in his Epistles it appears that he was there an assistant to his Father being old and weak and thereupon it is commonly thought that he himself enjoyed the place That Gregory which bears the name of the place where his Father was Bishop though he never enjoyed the Bishoprick it self M r Gatak 2 d Answ. to Lilie Constantinopolitanam sedem ab Arianis Episcopis purgavit Geneb Chronol lib. 3. Aelius Antonius Nebrissensis There is a Dictionary of his Nicander A Physician and most excellent Poet. There are his Theriaca Alexipharmaca Poemata Gr. Lat. Nicephorus Callistus He hath written an Ecclesiastical History in two Tomes consisting of eighteen Books Nicephorus Gregoras Anno Dom. 1340. There are these Works of his Hist. Gr. Lat. Hist. Byzantinae Niceâ—es Choâ—â—ates Anno Dom. 1210.
se castravit Novum vetus Testamentum memoriter novit Iam senex Hebraicam didicit linguam Wolfii Lect. memor Centen 3. He wrote exceeding much yet there remaineth now little in comparison of that he wrote and that so corrupted that it nothing answereth the famous report of Learning which he had in the Church in his time All his Works now extant revised by Erasmus were printed at Basil by Frobenius 1536. He was in his Age a mirrour of gravity integrity constancy zeal piety learning of all sorts both divine and humane of so happy a memory that he had the Bible without book of such admirable eloquence that not words but honey seemed to drop from his lips of so indefatigable industry that he was called Adamantius and was said by some to have written six thousand books Dr. Crakanth Vigilius Dâ—rmitans Est certè hic scriptor adeò omnibus modis impurus sive ita ipse scripsit sive depravata postea fuerunt ejus scripta ut nullam in Ecclesia authoritatem in rebus controversis mereatur Bezae Epist. 29. He often reproves him also in his Annotat. on the New Testament Orontius Fineus Professour of the Mathematicks at Paris under Francis the first He was born at Brianson a Town in Dauphinè the year of our Lord 1494. He composed five Books De Arithmetica practica Two Books De Geometria practica Five Books De mundi Sphaera Commentaries upon the six first Books of the Elements of Geometry by Euclide And divers other Works mentioned by Thevet Vies Des hommes illustres l. 6. Paulus Orosius He was Austens Scholar Nobilissimus ille rerum Christianarum Historicus Montac Exercit. 11. Orpheus a very ancient Poet long before Homer There is little of his extant Abraham Ortelius He was born in Antwerp that famous Mart of the world He was given to Geography from his youth and spared no cost or pains to perfect his knowledge therein travelling far and often for that purpose Cosmographus ad miraculum usque politissimus laboriosissimus Chyt Scol in Paraph. Ps. Buchanani His Thesaurus Geographicus is an excellent Work instar omnium and his Theatrum Lipsius Gesner and others much magnifie it Edito pulcherrimo orbis terrarum Theatro renovatâ antiquorum locorum per tabulas propriâ industria eleganter depictas memoriâ Thuan. Hist. Tom. 5. l. 120. Quo in opere saith Melchior Adam in his Life ita omnibus suam probavit industriam ut à Philippo II. illo Principe Principum Geographi Regii insignibus sit orornatus Scripsit Thesaurum Geographicum in quo omnium totius terrae regionum montium promontoriorum collium silvarum insularum portuum populorum urbium oppidorum pagorum item Oceani marium fretorum fluviorum ejusmodi nomina appellationes veteres additis magna ex parte etiam recentioribus opus eruditum lectuque jucundum Andreas Osiander Anno Christi 1498. the Epitomizer of the Centuriators skilfull in the Hebrew Greek and Latine Beza Epist. 59. cals him Phanaticum impurissimum Ecclesiarum turbatorem He held that the righteousnesse of Christ by which we are justified was his essential righteousnesse as God But 1. That is incommunicable to us 2. If that had been required to our Justification Christ needed not to have been incarnate Paul saith Rom. 5 19. We are made righteous by the obedience of one man Hier. Osorius An eloquent man and too precise a follower of Tully In his Book against Luther and Doctor Haddon he dares not name the words of Justification or Predestination And I wonder saith Mr. Fox that he dares insert the name of Christ in his Books since it is not found in Tully Nec Iustificationis aut praedestinationis vocabula ipsa vel nominare audes Ac miror equidem quod Christi nomen quod apud Ciceronem nunquam legitur non dubites libellis tuis inspergere His Book De gloria is most esteemed Arnald Ossat a French Cardinal His and Cardinal Perrons French Letters are esteemed usefull both for the understanding of Ecclesiastical and State-affairs He was Scholar to Petrus Ramus Otto the second Sonne to Otto the first He being overcome at a Sea fight by the Grecians and carried away by Pyrates being unknown by reason of his skill in the Greek tongue he escaped safe into Sicilie and afterward he punished them William Oughtred a very learned Mathematician He hath published Clavis Mathematica He hath put out these Works in English The Circle of Proportion The Horrizontal Instrument The Artificial gauging Line or Rod. Ovid. He had a natural genius to Poetry Quicquid conabar dicere versus erat Nascitur Poeta fit Orator Lactantius cals his Metamorphosis Opus praeclarissimum As Tibullus and he were born in one day so he and Livie died on another that his birth and death might be nobly accompanied Sands in the Life of Ovid. CHAP. III. P RIchard Pacie Dean of Pauls He was Secretary for the Latine Tongue to King Henry the eighth He was of great ripenesse of wit learning and eloquence also expert in forraign Languages He was sent in the Kings affairs Embassadour to Venice which function there he so discharged that it is hard to say whether he procured more commendation or admiration among the Venetians for his dexterity of wit and specially for the singular promptnesse in the Italian Tongue For opinion and same of Learning he was accepted not onely here in England with Linacro Grocinus More and others but also known and reported abroad in such sort that in all the great heap of Erasmus his Epistles he wrote almost to none so many as to him Foxes Acts and Monum Vol. 2. p. 247. c. 1. He was after distracted but he prettily well came to his wits and began to study the Hebrew Tongue with Wakefield He hath written upon Ecclesiastes He begins his Book De fructu qui ex doctrina percipitur thus Ric. Pac. Ad Scient Profes Epist. Librum doctissimi viri non adeo brevem unius spatio mensis scriptum mirabimini He saith further that it was composed Constantiae in publico hypocaâ—sto Fabius Pacius His several Works are mentioned by Tomasinus in his Elogia virorum Literis Sapientia Illustrium Iulius Pacius his younger brother An. M. D. L. in lucem editus ingenium politiorum literarum studiis pari cum fratre contentione excoluit eoque profectu Ut juvenis nondum exacto tertio decimo atatis anno Arithmeticae libellum magnâ facilitate conscripserit Thomas Elog. He was an excellent Grecian he illustrated Aristotles Organ with most copious Notes and published many learned Commentaries upon many of his books of Philosophy and elucidated many books of the Civil-Law with Commentaries or Notes Besides his knowledge of the Civil and Canon-Law he was skilled with knowledge of all Learning the Mathematicks History Poetry much given to the reading of the ancient Fathers and
th de Obedientia and that Cardinall Poole when he spake to Queen Mary blasphemously used the words of the Angell Ave Maria gratia plena Dominus tecum He died the same day that Queen Mary died CHAP. VII POlyander à Kerckoven Doctor of Divinity in Leyden He hath put out Concertatio Anti-Sociniana Polybius A learned Historian Polycarpus a Tree that bare much fruit according to his name He lived in the time of Ignatius and drew the doctriue of the Gospel from the mouth of the Apostles as a most pure fountain Irenaeus saith of him Hic docuit semper quae ab Apostolis didicerat Ecclesiae tradidit quae sola sunt vera Arnoldus Pontacus Vossius terms him doctissimum diligentissimum and l. 2. De vitiis Sermonis c. 3. Arnoldus Pontacus in iis quae ad B. Hieronymi Chronicon magnâ industriâ nec doctrina minore annotavit Io Isaacius Pontanus the King of Denmarks Historiographer a learned Historian Vossius honourably mentions him lib. De constructione c. 63. Iohannes Iovianus Pontanus Nulli sui saeculi Poetae aut Oratori scribendo vel docendo cessit Boissardi Bibliotheca His Works are mentioned by Boissard Lud. de Ponte Romanus Ludovicus Pontanus commonly sirnamed Romanus because among all the Doctors of the Law he chose his dwelling within Rome He had so happy a memory that he never alleadged the Law and he alleaged it often but he presently rehearsed its text all along without book Ausonius Popma Suffridus Petrus mentions three of his brethren as learned Cyprianus a Popma Sixtus a Popma and Titus a Popma His book De differentiis verborum is of good use Porchetus Some say Galatinus took all out of him Porchetus and he both out of Martinus Raymundus his Pugio There is his Victoria adversus Hebraeos a book well esteemed of Porphyrius He was Plotinus his Scholer and Iamblichus his Master he wrote fourteen books against the Christians which he deadly hated He was a wicked and ungodly Jew of the kindred and sect of the Sadduces an enemy of Christ a hater of God and his Word He wrote many books in Philosophy Rhetorick Grammer and commented upon some of Aristotles books Ejus adeo exosum execrabile nomen ut in edictis Imperatorum profligatissimi quique haeretîci Porphyriani dicerentur Crakanth De providentia Dei Gilbertus Porretanus Anno Dom. 114. There are his 6 Principia In quatuor Lib. Boethii de Trinitate Io. Baptista Porta He discovers many rare and exquisite things He hath published severall Works De miraculis naturae De Furtivis literarum notis Magia naturalis De hum Physiognomia De Distillationibus and other Works Ioan. Vincentius Porta Ioannes Posselius a pious and learned man Hesiodus Analyticus Syntaxis Graecae linguae Colloquia Apophthegmata Graecae linguae Calligrophia Oratoria linguae Graecae a book most profitable to get the propriety elegancy and plenty of the Greek language Liber hic certe magno labore studio ex variis acctoribus Graecis est collectus continetque tum phrases ac formas loquendi elegantiores tum vocabula simplicia synonima item particularum usum additis ubique tabulis probatorum auctorum illustribus exemplis dignus qui ab omnibus serio Graecari Graece ac Latine scribendi exercitium conjungere volentibus nocturna diurnaque manu versetur Melch. Ad. in ejus vita Ant. Possevinus an Italian of Mantua Some dislike him he hath put all Campians reasons into his book D r Raynolds therefore styles him Campiani haeres ex asse and was wont to say of him that he had need of a broom Ioannes Posthius a learned Physitian and Poet. He wrote excellent Poems intitled Parerga poetica Some Anotomicall Observations and other things belonging to Physick Gul. Postellus a good Linguist but he was mad he held that Adams soul was in him and other gross opinions He was the first of Christians which published the rudiments of the Arabick Grammer There are these Works of his De Linguarum 12 differentium Alphab Clavis absconditorum aeternae veritatis De Phaenicum Lit. De Orbis Terrae concordia De Etruriae Origine Gabriel Powel There is his Disput. de Antichristo De adiaphoris His resolved Christian. His Positions of Usury in two Volumes in 8 o and other Works Godeschalcus Praetorius A noble Poet made this Verse upon him Bis septem linguas sophiam omnem calluit unus Regnerus Praedinius the learned Rector of the School at Groning His Works are published in one Volume Hieronymus Pragensis a Bohemish Divine who was truly worthy of a holy name a Martyr also of Christ as Iohn Hus was and was burned at Constance Anno 1416. D r Iohn Preston a learned and profound Divine His Treatise of the Divine Essence and Attributes and his Sermons upon the Sacraments with other Works are of great use Iohn Prideaux Doctor of Divinity and Bishop of Worcester the Learned Professor of Divinity heretofore in Oxford His Lectures and Orations in Latine and other Works have made him famous both here and beyond sea Sylvester de Prierio He hath written Case-Divinity called Summa Sylvestriana and severall books against Luther for which the Pope sent him a golden Rose Gilbert Primerose A learned Scotchman who was a French Preacher at Bourdeaux and after one of the Preachers in the French Church at London He hath put out severall French books La Trompette de Syon Le Voeu de Iacob opposè aux voeux des Moynes La defense de la Religion reformee par passages de l' Escripture Many of his Works are translated into English David Primerose his son was Preacher at Roane in France He put out Theses Theologicae De Peccato in genere specie De Necessitate satisfactionis pro peccato per Christum De Divina praedestinatione annexis articulis A Treatise against the morality of the Sabbath Priscianus a famous Grammarian Priscus nomine fide Grammaticus Voss. l. 1. De Analog c. 19. We call incongrnous Latine the breaking of Priscians head as if to speak and write well by a speciall right belonged to him Proclus Casaubone faith he had the best memory of any that he ever saw or read of He was a great Mathematician and famous Platonick Philosopher Many of his Works are mentioned in Oxford Catalogue Procopius Gazeus Anno Dom. 530. a most grave Historian of the Romans who lived in the times of the Gothes and Vandals and was well skilled in the Originall and Manners of both Nations Many of his Works are mentioned in Oxford Catalogue Propertius He was excellent and singular saith Pliny in Elegies Propertium qui non amat eum profecto Musae non amant Lipsius l. 2. antiq lect cap. 10. Umbria parva tibi tantum debere fatetur Quantum Callimacho Graecia magna suo Steph. Pasch. Icones
morte Joh. Buxtorfii Georgius Trapezuntius He was born in Crete but took his name from Trapezunte a City in Cappadocia because his Fathers stock came from thence a most learned Interpreter of the Greek and Latine Tongue He died very old at Rome Et literarum penitus oblitus His Works are mentioned by Boissard Walter Travers a learned and pious Divine There are his Vindiciae Anglicanae Ecclesiae or A Justification of the Religion now professed in England His Answer to a supplicatory Epistle of G. T. for the pretended Catholicks written to the Right Honourable Lords of her Majesties Privy-Councel Lucas Trelcatius He was Francis Iunius his Colleague and had one sonne of his own name He was wont to call Iohn Mercer and Peter Ramus honoris causa his masters He was in England a long time and taught School There is his Locorum Communium Sacr. Theol. Institut Immanuell Tremellius He hath put forth a Commentary on Hosea A Chaldee and Syriack Grammer He professed Hebrew at Heidelberge where he turned the Syriack Interpretation of the New Testament into Latine and afterward with the help of Iunius he translated all the Old Testament out of Hebrew into Latine and illustrated it with most learned Notes Iac. Triglandius There are his Dissertatio de civili Ecclesiastica potestate Meditationes in opiniones variorum de voluntate Dei gratia universali de scientia media Io. Trithemius Anno Dom. 1462. Calv. Chron. He was a subtil Philosopher an ingenious Mathematician a famous Poet a compleat Historian a very eloquent Oratour He was very skilfull in Magick Michael Rothardus in his Crâ—x Saulitica p. 70. tels a notable Story of him Vide Naudaeum de Studio militari l. 1. p. 425 426. He hath written De Scriptoribus Ecclesiasticis De viris illustribus ordinis S. Benedicti Epistolae familiares Opusc. quaedam Theologica And many other Works Mart. Trostius He hath put out Novum Testamentum Syria Latinum Lexicon-Syriacum Adrianus Turnebus the King of France his Professour of Philosophy and Greek in Paris Grande nostri seculi ornamentum Thuan. Hist. Tom. 2. l. 35. He was admirable both in the Greek and Latine Languages and in knowledge of all Antiquity as his Books entitled Adversaria do evidently testifie Illa aeternitate digna Adversaria Thuan. Hist. Tom. 2. l. 36. Utinam non tanta brevitate in suis Adversariorum libris esset usus Paulo enim luculentior plenior quorundam locorum explanatio majorem illi eperi gratiam laudâ—mque conciliasset lectori multo magis satisfecisset Henr. Stephani Pseudo Cicero Stephanus Paschasius in his Icones saith thus of him Quicquid in arcano condebat avara vetustas Turnebus tacitis eruit è latebris He hath mended Plinies Preface to his Natural History by ancient Copies and added Annotations upon it He hath commented also upon Horaces first Book of Verses and upon his obscurer places Benedict Turretine a learned Frenchman These Books of his are published in the French Defense de la fidelité des traductions de la S. Bible faictes à Geneve Recheute du Iesuite Plagiaire Profit des Chastiments Franciscus Turrianus Famous in Theological Antiquities and for his skill in the Greek and Hebrew Languages Many of his Works are mentioned in the Oxford Catalogue and Appendix Iacobus Tusanus a singular Grecian D r William Twisse a learned Divine of our own famous beyond Sea for his excellent writings against the Arminians Vindiciae Gratiae Potestatis ac Providentiae Dei Dissertatio de Scientia media contra Penottum Suarez c. Animadversiones ad Arminii Collationem cum Junio ad Corvini defens sententiae Arminianae contra Tilenum And many English Tracts that way also Pontus Tyardaeus Bissianus Episcopus Many of his Works are mentioned by Ludovicus Iacobus De Claris Scriptoribus Cabiolâ—nensibus and his French Works by Antoine du Verdier in his Bibliotheque I finde in Oxford Catalogue Tyard Discours 1587. Philosophiquez William Tyndall an exile for his Religion and a Martyr under Charles the fifth He was brought up from a childe in the University of Oxford where he by long continuance grew up and increased as well in the knowledge of Tongues and other liberal Arts as specially in the knowledge of the Scriptures whereunto his minde was singularly addicted Insomuch that he lying then in Magdalen-Hall read privily to certain Students and Fellows of Magdalen-Colledge some parcell of Divinity instructing them in the knowledge and truth of the Scriptures Whose manners also and conversation being correspondent to the same were such that all they that knew him reputed and esteemed him to be a man of most virtuous disposition and of life unspotted Fox Act. and Monum vol. 2. p. 361 c. He translated the New Testament into English and five Books of Moses He wrote also divers other Books which are all published in one general Volume as also the Works of Iohn Frith and Barns He was put to death in Flanders at Filford Anno Dom. 1536. crying thus at the Stake with a fervent zeal and a loud voice Lord open the King of Englands eyes He is drawn with a Bible in his hand and this Distick Hac ut luce tuas dispergam Roma tenebras Sponte extorris ero sponte Sacrificium CHAP. IV. V JOach Vadianus the chiefest Cosmographer of his time Qui tam foelix est in describendis regionibus ut non scribere sed pingere videatur His Works are mentioned by Boissard in his Icones and many of them in Oxford Catalogue Matthaeus Vayerius a learned and eloquent Frenchman but a patron of Pelagianism He hath put out a French Book De virtute Ethnicorum Petrus Valadanus P. de la Vallada a learned French Minister He hath put out Apologie pour l' Epistre de messieurs les Ministres du S. Evangile de l' Eglise de Paris Greg. de Valentia a very learned Jesuite He hath written A Commentary in summam Aquin. Tom. 4. De rebus fidei controversis Apol. de Sacrificio A Bookseller seeing him passe by one day said Hic est ille qâ—i suis libris saepius impressis bibliopolas plures magnas ad divitias opesque perduxit Jani Nicii Erythraei Pinacotheca secunda Vide plura ibid. Valerius Maximus His History is a good Book for Themes Stephanus Paschasius in his Icones hath these Verses of him Et brevitas me variè commeâ—dat acumen Haec Emblemata tu vermiculata pâ—â—â—â—s Laurentius Vâ—lla Proprietatis Latini sermonis 〈◊〉 Scriv. in Mart. He was a Senator of Rome The Prince of Grammarians in his Age. Trithemius cals him Theologâ—â—â— praestantissimum a most excellent Divine He preferring Latine eloquence before the Greek hath composed many things for its ornament though he was most skilfull both in the Greek and Latine Languages Carpis majores te quoque Valla minores