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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A64910	Q Valerius Maximus his collections of the memorable acts and sayings of orators, philosophers, statesmen, and other illustrious persons of the ancient Romans, and other foreign nations, upon various subjects together with the life of that famous historian / newly translated into English.; Factorum et dictorum memorabilium. English. 1684	Valerius Maximus.; Speed, Samuel, 1631-1682.	1675 (1675)	Wing V33A; ESTC R24651	255,577	462

potent and happy salaries of his Eloquence Prince of the Court of Judicature as the other of the Senate Yet when he shot a Thunderbolt of Testimony against Marcellus it fell heavy indeed but vanished in smoak 4. Again there was Q. Metellus the holy the Luculli the Hortensii M. Lepidus what weight did they not onely lay upon the life of C. Cornelius accused of Treason but also denied that the Commonwealth could stand so long as he were safe All which Ornaments of the City it shames me to relate it were all kept off by the shield of Justice 5. What! M. Cicero who by the warfare of the Law attained to the highest Honours and the noblest place of Dignity was he not as a witness thrown out of the very Camp of his Eloquence while he swore that Clodius was at his house in Rome for by that one argument of his absence the Prisoner fended off the villany which he had committed And so the Judges rather chose to acquit Clodius of the Incest than Cicero of the Infamy of Perjury 6. Among so many Witnesses of high degree I will relate one whose authority is confirmed by a new manner of reasoning in Court Publius Servilius a Consul a Censor a Triumpher who added the name of Isauricus to that of his Ancestors when walking by the Court he saw several Witnesses produced against a Criminal he placed himself among the Witnesses and to the great admiration of the Parties Friends and Accusers thus began This person said he most reverend Judges that pleads what Countrey he is of or what course of life he leads or whether he be deservedly or wrongfully accused I know not But this I know that meeting me once in the Laurentine Way as I was travelling along in a very narrow passage he would not alight from his horse which whether it belong to your cognizance I know not do you consider that I thought it not fit to conceal this matter Presently the Judges condemned the Party scarce hearing any other Witnesses For the Grandeur of the Speaker prevailed with them and his Indignation at the contempt of his neglected Dignity believing that he that scorn'd to reverence Princes would not stick to run into any wickedness CHAP. VI. Of those who committed themselves what they revenged in others 1. C. Lic Hoplomachus 2. C. Marius six times Consul 3. C. Licinius Calvus Stolo 4. Q. Varius Ibrida NOr must we pass over in silence those who committed themselves what they condemned in others 1. C. Licinius sirnamed Hoplomachus desired of the Praetor that his Father might be deprived of his estate as one that consumed it What he requested he obtained But he himself in a short time after when the Old-man was dead presently wasted a great sum of Money and several Farms left him by his Father Worthy that vicissitude of punishment as one that rather chose to consume his estate than take it as an Heir 2 C Marius had acted the part of a great and faithful Citizen in ruining or L. Saturninus who held forth a Cap to the Slaves like an Ensigne inviting them to take up Armes But when Sylla invaded the City with his Army he himself fled to the assistance of the Slaves by holding forth the Cap as the other had done Therefore while he imitates a fact which he had punished he found another Marius to ruine him himself 3. But Caius Licinius Stolo by whom the Plebeians were empowred to sue for the Consulship when he had made a Law that no man should possess above five hundred Acres of Land he purchas'd a thousand himself and to cover the matter made over the half to his Son For which reason being prosecuted by Popilius Laenas he was the first that fell by his own Law And taught us that nothing ought to be imposed but what every one first imposes upon himself 4. Q. Varius because of the obscurity of the place where he was born sirnamed Ibrida or half-Citizen being a Tribune of the People made a Law against the Intercession of the Colledge of Tribunes wherein there was a command to enquire by whose treachery the Allies were stirr'd to take up Armes to the great detriment of the Commonwealth For first he stirred up the War of the Allies and then the Civil War But while he acts the part of a pestiferous Tribune before that of a certain Citizen his own Law cut him off entangled in his own domestick snares CHAP. VII Of Study and Industry Among the ROMANS 1. M. Cato the Greater 2. Cato of Utica 3. M. Terentius Varro 4. C. Livius Drusus 5. Paulus the Senator and Pontius Lupus 6. Crassus Mutianus 7. Q. Roscius the Comedian FORREIGNERS 1. Demosthenes of Athens 2. Pythagoras of Samos 3. Plato of Athens 4. Democritus of Abdera 5. Carneades the Cyrenaean 6. Anaxagoras the Clazomenian 7. Archimedes of Syracuse 8. Socrates the Athenian .. 9. Isocrates the Athenian 10. Chrysippus of Tarsus 11. Cleanthes of Assium 12. Sophocles of Athens 13. Simonides of Ceji. 14. Solon of Athens 15. Themistocles of Athens WHerefore do I delay to commemorate the force of Industry By whose active spirit the Stipends of Warfare are corroboraetd and the glory of the Forum is enflamed all Studies are cherished in her faithful breast Whatever is performed by the Hand by the Minde by the Tongue by her is added to the heap of applause which being an admirable vertue strengthens her self yet more by her own Constancy 1. Cato in the fourscore and sixth year of his age while he persists with a youthful vigour in defending the Commonwealth accused of a Capital Crime by his Enemies pleaded his own Cause Yet no man ever observed so large a Memory a greater strength of Body or less hesitation of Speech Because he kept all those things in equal condition and perpetually exercised by Industry And at the very conclusion of his laborious life he opposed his own most eloquent Defence to the Accusation of Galba touching Spain The same person desired to learn the Greek Language How late we may thence guess in that he was an old man before he learnt to read Latine But when he had won great Honour by his Eloquence he did it to make himself skilful in the Civil Law 2. Whose wonderful Offspring nearer to our age Cato also burn't with such a desire of learning that in the very Court it self before the Senate fill'd he would be reading Greeks Books By which Industry he shewed that some want time others have more than they need 3. But Terentius Varro an Example of Humane Life and one that might be truly call'd A space of years not so much for his years which were equal to an Age of Time as for the vivacity of his Style For in the same Bed his Breath and the course of his egregious Works expired 4. Livius Drusus man of the same perseverance who defective in vigour of Age and Eye-sight most bountifully interpreted the Civil Law to the People

becoming far-fetch'd Wisdome For had he labour'd more in the manuring his Lands than his Minde he had remained Master of his family at home but had not returned into his Country the great Anaxagoras 7. I might say that the Industry of Archimedes was very profitable but that it gave him life and took it from him again For when Syracuse was taken Marcellus was sensible that his Victory was much delayed by his Engines yet infinitely taken with the Prudence of the person he commanded the Souldiers to spare his Life assuming perhaps almost as much glory in saving Archimedes as in destroying Syracuse But while Archimedes was making Figures with his minde and eyes fixed upon the ground a Souldier that was broken into his house to plunder with his drawn Sword asked him who he was The Philosopher was so intent that he return'd him no direct Answer but parting the dust with his finger Have a care said he of spoyling this Circle Thereupon as one that slighted the Victor of the Empire the Souldier cut off his Head and blended his blood with the Lineaments of his Art Thus the same Study gave him his Life and deprived him of it again 8. Most certain it is that Socrates when he was stricken in years began to learn Musick believing it better to learn that Art late than never How little an accession of knowledge was that to Socrates Yet the obstinate Industry of the person to so much wealth and treasure of Learning would also adde the profitable Elements of Musick Thus while he thought himself poor lo learn he made himself rich to teach 9. And that we may reduce the Examples of a long and successful Industry to one head Isocrates compos'd that most noble Book entitled 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 when he was fourscore and four years of Age yet a work full of life and spirit By which it appears that the members of learned men growing old yet their Minds by the benefit of Industry retain the full vigour of Youth Nor did he end his days till he had five years enjoyed the fruit of the admiration of his work 10. Lesser bounds terminated the life of Chrysippus yet was he not short-liv'd for he left behind him the thirty ninth Book of his Logicks a book of exact nicety begun in the Eightieth Year of his Age. Whose Study in delivering the monuments of his Wit took up so much time and labour that a longer life would be requisite to understand the depth of his writings 11. Thee also Cleanthes so industrious in searching after and so laboriously delivering Wisdome the Deity of Industry could not but admire when she beheld thee in thy youth maintaining thy self by carrying water in the Night in the Day a diligent hearer of Chrysippus and till the Hundredth year within one with attentive care instructing thy Disciples With a double labour thou hast taken up the space of one Age making it uncertain whether thou wert a better Scholar or a Master 12. Sopholces had also a glorious combat with Nature as liberal of his wonderful Works as she was liberal in giving him long Time to compose them For he lived near an Hundred years his Oedipus Coloneus being written by him just before his death By which one Tragedy he won the honour from all the Poets in that way Which Jophon the Son of Sophocles would not have concealed from Posterity and therefore caused it to be inscribed upon his Fathers Tomb. 13. Simonides the Poet at Fourscore years of Age boasts himself that he taught Verses and contended for the prize at those years Nor was it but reason that he should long enjoy the fruit of his own Wit who was himself to communicate them for the benefit of eternity 14. Now for Solon how industrious he was he has declared in his Verses Wherein he signifies that he grew old always learning something and the last day of his life confirmed it For as his Friends were sitting by him and discoursing among themselves upon some subject or other he listed up his head then just about to bow to fate and being asked why he did so That when I understand said he what it is you are disputing upon I may dye Certainly Sloath had bin banished from among mankinde if all men should come into the world with the same Spirit that Solon le●t it 15. How great was the Industry of Themistocles Who though he had the care of the greatest affairs of his Countrey upon his shoulders yet was able to remember the particular names of all his fellow-Citizens And being through high Injustice driv'n from his Countrey and compell'd to fly to Xerxes whom a little before he had vanquish'd in battle before he came into his presence he accustom'd himself to the Persian language that having purchas'd commendation by labour he might render the Tone of his voice familiar and so customary to the Kings ear 16. The Applause of both which sorts of Industry two Kings divided between them Cyrus remembring all the names of his Souldiers Mithridates learning two and twenty several Tongues spoken within his Dominions This first that he might address himself to his Army without a Director The other that he might discourse to the people whom he govern'd without an Interpreter CHAP. VIII Of Ease praised ROMANS 1. P. Aemilianus and C. Laelius 2. Mutius Scaevola Augur FORRAIGNERS 1. Socrates of Athens 2. Achilles in Homer EAse because it seems to be contrary to Industry but chiefly to Labour ought to be briefly touch'd upon Not that which extinguishes but which recreates Vertue For the sloathful ought to avoid the one and the brave and stout may desire the other They that they may not live like Drones these that by a seasonable intermission from toyl they may be the fitter for Labour 1. The famous pair of Friends Scipio and Laelius united together not only by the bond of Love but by an association of all other Vertues as they perform'd the journey of a painful life with equal steps so they generally relax'd from business by consent For it is certain that at Caieta and Laurentum they used to gather up Shells and little Stones upon the Shoar And this L. Crassus often reported from the mouth of Q. Scaevola who was Son-in-Law to Laelius 2. As for Scaevola as he was the most certain witness of their Relaxation so he himself was wont to play at Ball having us'd to delight himself in that sort of exercise when the weight of his business was over Sometimes he was wont to spend his time at Chess and Tables after he had bin long ordering the Rights of his Citizens and the Ceremonies of his Gods For as he acted Scaevola in serious things so he shewed himself but only Man in his Sports and Recreations as whom Nature will not suffer to abide continual Labour FORRAIGNERS 1. This Socrates saw to whom no part of Wisdom was obscure which made him that he did not blush when Alcibiades setting a

to his Knowledge and Profession 2. Athens glories in its Arsenal not without cause For it is a work worthy to be seen for its cost and Elegance The Architect whereof Philo is said to have given so eloquent an account in the Theater of his purpose that the most eloquent of people were sway'd as much by his Eloquence as by his Art 3. Wonderfully was it done by that Artist who suffered himself to be corrected by a Cobler as to the Shoes and the Latchets But when he began to talk of the Thigh forbid him to go beyond the Foot CHAP. XIII Of Memorable Old Age. In ROMANS 1. M. Valerius Corvus 2. L. Metellus the High-Priest 3. Q. Fabius Maximus 4. Perpenna the Censor 5. Appius Claudius the blind 6. Women Livia Terentia and Clodia Strangers 1. Hiero King of Sicily Massanissa King of Numidia 2. Gorgias Leontinus 3. Xenophilus of Chalcis 4. Argantinus King of the Gaditans 5. Aethiopians Indians and Epimenides the Cnossian 6. The Epii a people of Aetolia 7. Dantho and two Kings of the Lachnii LEt Old Age prolonged to the utmost have a place in this work among the Examples of Industry but with a particular Title and Chapter That we may not seem to have forgotten those to whom the Gods were principally indulgent Insisting upon which every one may make himself more happy in respect of his antient felicity and may affirm the happiness of our age than which none was ever more happy by prolonging the safety of a wise and great Prince to the longest bounds of humane life 1. M. Valerius Corvus liv'd out his hundredth year between whose first and sixth Consulship were forty six years compleat Nor did his full strength of body not only not fail him in the highest employments of the Commonwealth but also for the manuring his Land a desireable Example of a Commonwealths man and a Master of a Family 2. Which space of years Metellus equall'd And the fourth year after his Consular Government being created Pontifex Maximus when he was very old he govern'd the Ceremonies of Religion two and twenty years his tongue never tripping in pronouncing the Votes nor his hand trembling in preparing the Sacrifices 3. Q. Fabius Maximus threescore and two years held the Priesthood of the Augurship having obtain'd it when he was a strong man Which two times being added together will easily compleat the age of an hundred years 4. What shall I say of M. Perpenna who out-liv'd all those that he call'd over in the Senate when he was Consul and only saw seven remaining of the Conscript Fathers whom as Censor with Lu. Philippus he had chosen more durable than the greatest Order in the world 5. I might conclude the life of Appius with his misfortune because he lived long after he was blind but that he had five Sons and five Daughters and a multitude of Clients in his Protection and in that condition most stoutly govern'd the Commonwealth At length weary with living he caus'd himself to be carried into the Senate-house in a Litter to hinder peace from being made with Pyrrbus upon dishonourable Conditions Can this man be thought blinde by whom his Countrey purely discerning that which was honourable was compell'd to open its eyes 6. Several Women have been no less eminent for long Life whom it shall suffice only to name For Livia the wife of Rutilius number'd fourscore and seven Terentia the wife of Cicero a hundred and three and Clodia the wife of Aufilius having outlived fifteen Children and hundred and fifteen years STRANGERS 1. I will adde to these two Kings whose long life was very advantageous to the People of Rome The King of Sicily Hiero numbred ninety years Massanissa King of Numidia reigning threescore years was superiour to all men in vigour of age Cicero in his Book of Old Age reports of him that no shower or cold could compel him to cover his head He was wont also to keep his station for several hours and would never stir from hard labour till he had tired the young men And if it were requisite for him to do any thing sitting he would oft-times for a whole day sit in the same posture without moving his body for ease either one way or other When he led his Army a Horseback by day he never alighted that night omitting none of those labours which youth is wont to endure when he was of that extream age And so vigorous he was in reference to Women that he begat his Son Methymnatus when he was fourscore and six years of age The Countrey also which he found untill'd by perpetual culture he left very fruitful 2. Gorgias also of Leontium the Master of Isocrates and several other great men by his own saying was most happy For when he had lived an hundred and seven years being asked why he would live so long Because said he I ayle nothing to accuse my Old Age. What could be longer or more happy than such a tract of Life For being entered into the second Century of years he neither found any cause of complaint in it nor left any behinde him of it 3. Xenophilus of Chaleis wanted two of his years yet not inferiour in enjoyment of health For as Aristoxenus the Musician saies of him Free from all the inconventencies of old Age he died in the full splendour of consummate Learning 4. Arganthonius the Gaditane reigned so long as would have sufficed another to live For he govern'd his Kingdom fourscore years being forty years of age before he came to the Throne For which there are most certain and credible Authors Asinius Pollio not the least part of Roman Eloquence in the third Book of his History relates him to have lived an hundred and twenty years No mean example of sinewy vigour 5. The Ethiopians render the long life of this King less admirable whom Herodotus writes to have exceeded an hundred and twenty years and the Indians of whom Ctesias delivers the same And Epimenides the Gnossian whom Theopompus reports to have lived an hundred fifty and seven years 6. Hellanicus also avers that certain of the Epii who were a people of Aetolia lived two hundred years with whom Damasthes agrees adding this moreover that one Litorius among them of an exceeding great strength and stature compleated three hundred years 7. Alexander in his Volume of the Illyrian Tract affirms that one Dantho lived full out five hundred years without the least complaint of Age. But much more liberal is Xenophon who gives to the King of the Lachnii eight hundred years of Life And that his Father might not take it ill he allows him six hundred CHAP. XIV Of the Desire of Honour Among the Romans 1. P. Africanus the Greater 2. D. Brutus Gallaicus 3. Cn. Pompey the Great 4. Sulla the Happy 5. A certain Knight 6. C. Fabius Pictor STRANGERS 1. Themistocles of Athens 2. Alexander the Great 3. Aristotle the Stagyrite 4. Pausanias of Macedon 5.