in_o criminalibus_fw-la as_o be_v allow_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o doctor_n see_v with_o we_o they_o be_v exclude_v from_o be_v witness_n even_o in_o civil_a case_n ergo_fw-la à _fw-la fortiori_fw-la they_o ought_v to_o be_v reject_v in_o criminal_a case_n for_o albeit_o the_o doctor_n allow_v they_o sometime_o to_o prove_v in_o civil_a case_n yet_o they_o reject_v they_o in_o the_o same_o cause_n when_o they_o be_v criminal_o pursue_v as_o in_o furto_n etc._n etc._n farin_n quest_n 56._o num_fw-la 31._o and_o by_o a_o express_a act_n 1_o agust_n 1661._o the_o justice_n ordain_v that_o no_o woman_n shall_v be_v examine_v as_o witness_n in_o theft_n for_o the_o future_a except_o ex_fw-la officio_fw-la &_o cum_fw-la nota_fw-la and_o that_o same_o day_n they_o receâ—ved_v elisabeth_n watson_n as_o witness_v in_o theft_n against_o bruntfield_n 2._o woman_n be_v sometime_o receive_v witness_n in_o some_o case_n ob_fw-la atrocitatem_fw-la criminis_fw-la as_o in_o treason_n by_o a_o express_a act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la 1591._o and_o in_o witchcraft_n most_o ordinary_o as_o be_v to_o be_v see_v by_o the_o book_n of_o adjurnal_a and_o particular_o in_o the_o process_n of_o margaret_n wallace_n the_o 20._o of_o march_n 1662._o where_o margaret_n grahame_n and_o marion_n wear_v be_v receive_v witness_n 3._o they_o be_v admit_v in_o criminibus_fw-la domesticis_fw-la because_o of_o scantness_n of_o probation_n and_o thus_o they_o be_v receive_v against_o george_n swintoun_n who_o be_v accuse_v for_o murder_v his_o own_o wife_n within_o his_o own_o house_n 21._o agust_n 1664._o 4._o woman_n be_v receive_v witness_n where_o woman_n use_v only_o to_o be_v present_a as_o in_o the_o be_v bring_v to_o bed_n murder_v of_o child_n &_o in_o partu_fw-la supposititio_fw-la etc._n etc._n very_o many_o instance_n whereof_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o adjurnal_a book_n and_o yet_o farin_n quest_n 59_o say_n mulier_fw-la non_fw-la potest_fw-la esse_fw-la testis_fw-la &_o quo_fw-la ad_fw-la suppositionem_fw-la partus_fw-la si_fw-la inde_fw-la agitur_fw-la criminaliter_fw-la ad_fw-la suppositionem_fw-la corporaliter_fw-la puniendam_fw-la and_o by_o these_o we_o may_v conclude_v that_o woman_n be_v not_o regulariter_fw-la admit_a witness_n in_o scotland_n likeas_n by_o the_o 34._o cap._n rob._n 1._o these_o be_v express_o exclude_v from_o witness_n bear_v yet_o matheus_n conclude_v they_o may_v be_v receive_v witness_n ex_fw-la hoc_fw-la quod_fw-la mulier_fw-la adubterii_fw-la condemnata_fw-la non_fw-la admittatur_fw-la ergo_fw-la in_o aliis_fw-la mulieres_fw-la admitti_fw-la debent_fw-la but_o this_o opinion_n be_v contrary_a to_o all_o the_o doctor_n vid._n farin_n quest_n 59_o casu_fw-la 1._o where_o he_o give_v it_o for_o a_o rule_n that_o mulier_fw-la in_o criminalibus_fw-la testis_fw-la esse_fw-la nequit_fw-la which_o rule_n extend_v so_o far_o that_o according_a to_o his_o judgement_n three_o or_o more_o woman_n can_v prove_v a_o crime_n num_fw-la 29._o the_o reason_n why_o woman_n be_v exclude_v from_o witness_v must_v be_v either_o that_o they_o be_v subject_a to_o too_o much_o compassion_n and_o so_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v more_o receive_v in_o criminal_a case_n then_o in_o any_o civil_a case_n or_o else_o the_o law_n be_v unwilling_a to_o trouble_v they_o and_o think_v it_o may_v learn_v they_o too_o much_o confidence_n and_o make_v they_o subject_n to_o too_o much_o familiarity_n with_o man_n and_o stranger_n if_o they_o be_v necessitate_v to_o vague_v up_o and_o down_o at_o all_o court_n upon_o all_o occasion_n v._o minor_n if_o they_o be_v pass_v fourteen_o year_n of_o age_n and_o no_o otherwise_o may_v be_v admit_v to_o be_v witness_n by_o the_o foresay_a act_n of_o k._n robert_n and_o it_o be_v allege_v in_o the_o process_n of_o margaret_n wallace_n 1622._o that_o margaret_n graham_n can_v not_o be_v receive_v a_o witness_n because_o she_o be_v not_o pass_v eighteen_o year_n of_o age_n this_o be_v repel_v because_o a_o testificat_fw-la bear_v that_o she_o be_v pass_v fourteen_o year_n of_o age_n and_o may_v be_v mane_v the_o reason_n of_o this_o objection_n be_v because_o minor_n understand_v not_o to_o answer_v all_o circumstance_n which_o must_v be_v necessary_o consider_v by_o the_o judge_n nor_o yet_o the_o nature_n of_o that_o oath_n which_o shall_v overawe_n they_o and_o they_o be_v very_o subject_a in_o their_o youth_n to_o corruption_n a_o clear_a instance_n whereof_o i_o see_v myself_o in_o a_o little_a boy_n against_o towie_n who_o after_o he_o be_v receive_v do_v first_o depon_n mâ—ny_n improbability_n and_o seem_v terrify_v with_o every_o question_n and_o thereafter_o confess_v that_o he_o be_v bribe_v with_o a_o very_a small_a and_o childish_a bribe_n in_o many_o case_n likewise_o witness_n be_v to_o depon_n upon_o that_o which_o require_v judgement_n as_o in_o prove_v self-defence_n ratihabition_n etc._n etc._n and_o in_o these_o case_n it_o be_v repuisit_a that_o the_o deponer_o be_v of_o a_o more_o advance_a age_n then_o fourteen_o vi_o by_o that_o act_n likewise_o of_o k._n rob._n such_o as_o be_v furious_a adulterer_n robber_n thief_n perjure_a scourge_v and_o servant_n can_v be_v receive_v witness_n not_o yet_o laik_v against_o churchman_n nor_o yet_o churchman_n against_o laik_n whereas_o according_a to_o the_o cannon_n law_n cap._n de_fw-fr cetero_fw-la decret_a de_fw-fr testib_n laik_n be_v forbid_v to_o be_v receive_v against_o churchman_n sed_fw-la non_fw-la contra_fw-la the_o reason_n of_o which_o constitution_n be_v give_v to_o be_v partly_o the_o reverence_n due_a to_o churchman_n and_o partly_o the_o hatred_n whereby_o laik_n do_v persecute_v they_o but_o this_o objection_n be_v just_o reprobat_fw-la by_o our_o custom_n by_o which_o likewise_o servant_n be_v receive_v to_o be_v witness_n notwithstanding_o of_o the_o former_a law_n against_o it_o but_o not_o for_o their_o master_n but_o whether_o he_o who_o have_v redeem_v himself_o from_o justice_n by_o a_o remission_n shall_v be_v receive_v a_o witness_n may_v be_v controvert_v and_o that_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v receive_v may_v be_v argue_v 1._o because_o of_o this_o law_n of_o k._n rob._n which_o do_v express_o repel_v he_o 2._o a_o remission_n take_v not_o away_o the_o guilt_n but_o be_v only_o a_o defence_n against_o the_o punishment_n l._n fin._n c._n de_fw-fr gener_fw-la abolit_fw-la and_o semel_fw-la malus_fw-la semper_fw-la praesumitur_fw-la malus_fw-la which_o wicked_a disposition_n can_v be_v alter_v by_o a_o remission_n and_o since_o the_o king_n can_v make_v a_o man_n good_a it_o follow_v that_o he_o can_v make_v he_o a_o sufficient_a witness_n 3._o it_o have_v be_v find_v by_o several_a decision_n that_o a_o person_n convict_v and_o bring_v off_o by_o a_o remission_n redemptus_fw-la à _fw-la justitia_fw-la as_o this_o law_n call_v he_o have_v be_v therefore_o set_v from_o be_v a_o witness_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o tossoch_n who_o be_v condemn_v as_o a_o false_a nottar_n and_o be_v thereupon_o set_v from_o be_v a_o witness_n in_o the_o process_n for_o burn_v the_o house_n of_o frendraught_n and_o yet_o i_o myself_o have_v object_v this_o against_o a_o english_a captain_n in_o argiles_fw-la case_n it_o be_v repel_v but_o to_o reconcile_v these_o two_o opinion_n i_o think_v we_o shall_v distinguish_v betwixt_o such_o as_o make_v use_n of_o the_o remission_n before_o they_o be_v convict_v and_o these_o who_o be_v convict_v and_o thereafter_o make_v use_n of_o the_o remission_n for_o those_o who_o propon_n upon_o the_o remission_n do_v eo_fw-la ipso_fw-la acknowledge_v the_o guilt_n yet_o that_o it_o be_v only_a fictione_n juris_fw-la and_o therefore_o the_o foresay_a law_n say_v copulative_a that_o convicti_fw-la &_o redempti_fw-la à _fw-la justitia_fw-la non_fw-la possunt_fw-la esses_fw-la testes_fw-la guiltiness_n which_o cast_v a_o man_n from_o be_v witness_n must_v be_v prove_v by_o a_o sentence_n and_o it_o be_v not_o find_v relevant_a that_o the_o theft_n be_v offer_v instant_o to_o be_v prove_v the_o 10._o of_o february_n 1673._o in_o ashintillies_n case_n but_o it_o will_v appear_v that_o sometime_o the_o theft_n be_v so_o recent_o commit_v that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o time_n for_o convict_v he_o and_o yet_o it_o be_v hard_o that_o a_o person_n so_o guilty_a shall_v be_v receive_v the_o dependence_n also_o of_o a_o criminal_a pursuit_n against_o a_o witness_n shall_v cast_v he_o if_o it_o be_v intent_a before_o his_o citation_n to_o be_v a_o witness_n else_o every_o witness_n may_v be_v cast_v by_o intent_v a_o criminal_a pursuit_n against_o he_o vii_o these_o within_o degree_n defendant_n by_o blood_n or_o affinity_n be_v likewise_o repel_v by_o the_o aforesaid_a act._n degree_n defendant_n be_v by_o our_o law_n the_o four_o degree_n or_o cousin_n german_n as_o be_v express_v in_o the_o foresay_a chapter_n and_o this_o term_n come_v in_o my_o opinion_n from_o the_o french_a word_n defendre_fw-fr to_o forbid_v so_o that_o degree_n defendu_fw-fr be_v the_o true_a expression_n though_o we_o say_v defendant_n by_o
may_v be_v such_o a_o crime_n and_o that_o the_o law_n exact_v either_o confession_n or_o clear_a proof_n who_o can_v condemn_v the_o law_n as_o rigorous_a in_o this_o case_n since_o without_o believe_v these_o there_o can_v be_v no_o justice_n administrat_fw-la and_o whilst_o judge_n shun_v to_o punish_v it_o in_o some_o case_n they_o behove_v to_o suffer_v it_o from_o the_o same_o argument_n to_o go_v unpunished_a in_o all_o case_n to_o the_o second_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o though_o neither_o the_o devil_n nor_o witch_n can_v work_v miracle_n yet_o the_o offering_n to_o cheat_v the_o world_n by_o a_o commerce_n with_o the_o devil_n and_o the_o very_o believe_v that_o the_o devil_n be_v able_a to_o do_v such_o thing_n for_o they_o shall_v be_v a_o sufficient_a crime_n but_o much_o more_o when_o they_o believe_v all_o those_o thing_n to_o be_v do_v by_o themselves_o they_o give_v their_o own_o express_a consent_n to_o the_o crime_n and_o concur_v by_o all_o that_o in_o they_o be_v to_o the_o commission_n of_o it_o likeas_n it_o be_v undeniable_a that_o the_o devil_n know_v all_o the_o secret_n of_o nature_n may_v be_v apply_v active_n to_o passive_n that_o be_v unknown_a to_o we_o produce_v real_a effect_n which_o seem_v impossible_a to_o the_o three_o though_o charm_n be_v not_o able_a to_o produce_v the_o effect_n that_o be_v punishable_a in_o witch_n yet_o since_o these_o effect_n can_v be_v produce_v without_o the_o devil_n and_o that_o he_o will_v not_o employ_v himself_o at_o the_o desire_n of_o any_o who_o have_v not_o resign_v themselves_o whole_o to_o he_o it_o be_v very_o just_a that_o the_o user_n of_o these_o shall_v be_v punish_v be_v guilty_a at_o least_o of_o apostasy_n and_o heresy_n the_o four_o argument_n be_v but_o a_o mere_a and_o silly_a sophism_n for_o though_o god_n in_o his_o providence_n permit_v at_o least_o all_o thing_n that_o be_v do_v to_o be_v do_v yet_o such_o as_o contemn_v either_o the_o command_n of_o he_o or_o his_o vicegerent_n ought_v to_o be_v punish_v i_o can_v but_o acknowledge_v that_o there_o be_v some_o secret_n in_o nature_n which_o will_v have_v be_v look_v upon_o in_o the_o first_o author_n as_o the_o effect_n of_o magic_n and_o i_o believe_v that_o in_o the_o dull_a nation_n a_o philosopher_n draw_v iron_n with_o a_o loadstone_n may_v have_v run_v a_o great_a risque_fw-la of_o be_v burn_v and_o it_o be_v hard_o to_o give_v a_o judgement_n of_o naudeus_n learned_a book_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o persian_a magician_n the_o assyrian_a chaldean_n the_o indian_a gymnosophist_n and_o the_o druid_n of_o the_o gaul_n for_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o that_o many_o true_a mathematician_n and_o physician_n have_v pass_v for_o magician_n in_o the_o dull_a age_n of_o the_o world_n but_o as_o to_o this_o there_o be_v now_o no_o fear_n since_o learning_n have_v sufficient_o illuminat_fw-la the_o world_n so_o as_o to_o distinguish_v betwixt_o these_o two_o but_o i_o be_o still_o jealous_a of_o those_o sage_n who_o be_v frequent_v by_o familiar_a spirit_n though_o they_o be_v otherwise_o very_o excellent_a man_n such_o as_o porphir_n jamblicus_n plotin_n and_o other_o who_o pretend_v by_o the_o purity_n of_o their_o life_n to_o be_v so_o spiritual_a as_o to_o deserve_v the_o friendship_n of_o spirit_n for_o beside_o that_o the_o primitive_a father_n and_o doctor_n of_o the_o church_n have_v testify_v against_o such_o as_o mere_a magician_n it_o be_v not_o intelligible_a how_o those_o spirit_n which_o frequent_v they_o can_v be_v good_a since_o they_o be_v tempt_v to_o fall_v from_o the_o true_a religion_n to_o paganism_n and_o do_v offer_v such_o sacrifice_n as_o the_o true_a god_n do_v never_o allow_v and_o if_o such_o imposture_n be_v allow_v it_o be_v easy_a for_o any_o to_o defend_v themselves_o be_v true_o witch_n ii_o albeit_o witchcraft_n be_v the_o great_a of_o crime_n since_o it_o include_v in_o it_o the_o gross_a of_o heresy_n and_o blasphemy_n and_o treason_n against_o god_n in_o prefer_v to_o the_o almighty_a his_o rebel_n and_o enemy_n and_o in_o think_v the_o devil_n worthy_a of_o be_v serve_v and_o reverence_v and_o be_v accompany_v with_o murder_n poison_v bestiality_n and_o other_o horrid_a crime_n yet_o i_o conclude_v only_o from_o this_o that_o when_o witch_n be_v find_v guilty_a they_o shall_v be_v most_o severe_o punish_v not_o with_o scourge_v and_o banishment_n as_o the_o custom_n of_o savoy_n be_v relate_v to_o be_v by_o gothofred_n hoc_fw-la tit_n but_o by_o the_o most_o ignominious_a of_o death_n yet_o from_o the_o horridness_n of_o this_o crime_n i_o do_v conclude_v that_o of_o all_o crime_n it_o require_v the_o clear_a relevancy_n and_o most_o convince_a probation_n and_o i_o condemn_v next_o to_o the_o witch_n themselves_o those_o cruel_a and_o too_o forward_a judge_n who_o burn_v person_n by_o thousand_o as_o guilty_a of_o this_o crime_n to_o who_o i_o shall_v recommend_v these_o consideration_n 1._o that_o it_o be_v not_o presumeable_a that_o any_o who_o hear_v of_o the_o kindness_n of_o god_n to_o man_n and_o of_o the_o devil_n malice_n against_o they_o of_o the_o reward_n of_o heaven_n and_o torment_n of_o hell_n will_v deliberate_o enter_v into_o the_o service_n of_o that_o wicked_a spirit_n who_o they_o know_v to_o have_v no_o riches_n to_o bestow_v nor_o power_n to_o help_v except_o it_o be_v allow_v by_o permission_n that_o he_o may_v tempt_v man_n and_o that_o he_o be_v a_o liar_n from_o the_o beginning_n his_o promise_n deserve_v no_o belief_n especial_o since_o in_o no_o man_n experience_n he_o have_v ever_o advantage_v any_o person_n whereas_o on_o the_o contrary_a his_o service_n have_v bring_v all_o who_o enter_v in_o it_o to_o the_o stake_n ii_o those_o poor_a person_n who_o be_v ordinary_o accuse_v of_o this_o crime_n be_v poor_a ignorant_a creature_n and_o ofttimes_o woman_n who_o understand_v not_o the_o nature_n of_o what_o they_o be_v accuse_v of_o and_o many_o mistake_v their_o own_o fear_n and_o apprehension_n for_o witchcraft_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v give_v you_o two_o instance_n one_o of_o a_o poor_a weaver_n who_o after_o he_o have_v confess_v witchcraft_n be_v ask_v how_o he_o see_v the_o devil_n he_o answer_v like_o fly_n dance_v about_o the_o candle_n another_o of_o a_o womâ—n_n who_o ask_v serious_o when_o she_o be_v accuse_v if_o a_o woman_n may_v be_v a_o witch_n and_o not_o know_v it_o and_o it_o be_v dangerous_a that_o these_o who_o be_v of_o all_o other_o the_o most_o simple_a shall_v be_v try_v for_o a_o crime_n which_o of_o all_o other_o be_v most_o mysterious_a iii_o these_o poor_a creature_n when_o they_o be_v defame_v become_v so_o confound_v with_o fear_n and_o the_o close_a prison_n in_o which_o they_o be_v keep_v and_o so_o starve_v for_o want_n of_o meat_n and_o sleep_n either_o of_o which_o want_n be_v enough_o to_o disorder_v the_o strong_a reason_n that_o hardly_o wise_a and_o more_o serious_a people_n than_o they_o will_v escape_v distraction_n and_o when_o man_n be_v confound_v with_o fear_n and_o apprehension_n they_o will_v imagine_v thing_n very_o ridiculous_a and_o absurd_a and_o as_o no_o man_n will_v escape_v a_o profound_a melancholy_n upon_o such_o a_o occasion_n and_o amid_o such_o usage_n therefore_o i_o remit_v to_o physician_n and_o other_o to_o consider_v what_o may_v be_v the_o effect_n of_o melancholy_a which_o have_v oft_o make_v man_n who_o appear_v otherways_o solid_a enough_o imagine_v they_o be_v horse_n or_o have_v lose_v their_o nose_n etc._n etc._n and_o since_o it_o may_v make_v man_n err_v in_o thing_n which_o be_v oblivious_a to_o their_o sense_n what_o may_v be_v expect_v as_o to_o thing_n which_o transcend_v the_o wise_a man_n reason_n iu._n most_o of_o these_o poor_a creature_n be_v torture_v by_o their_o keeper_n who_o be_v persuade_v they_o do_v god_n good_a service_n think_v it_o their_o duty_n to_o vex_v and_o torment_v poor_a prisoner_n and_o i_o know_v ex_fw-la certissima_fw-la scientia_fw-la that_o most_o of_o all_o that_o ever_o be_v take_v be_v torment_v after_o this_o manner_n and_o this_o usage_n be_v the_o ground_n of_o all_o their_o confession_n and_o albeit_o the_o poor_a miscreant_n can_v prove_v this_o usage_n the_o actor_n be_v the_o only_a witness_n yet_o the_o judge_n shall_v be_v afraid_a of_o it_o as_o that_o which_o at_o first_o do_v elicit_v the_o confession_n and_o for_o fear_n of_o which_o they_o dare_v not_o retract_v it_o v._o i_o go_v when_o i_o be_v a_o justice-depute_a to_o examine_v some_o woman_n who_o have_v confess_v judicial_o and_o one_o of_o they_o who_o be_v a_o silly_a creature_n tell_v i_o under_o secrecy_n that_o she_o have_v not_o confess_v because_o she_o be_v guilty_a but_o be_v a_o poor_a creature_n who_o wrought_v for_o her_o meat_n and_o be_v defame_v for_o a_o witch_n
thou_o and_o believe_v in_o thou_o but_o by_o the_o journal_n book_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o ordinary_a form_n oâ—_n express_v paction_n confess_v by_o our_o witness_n be_v a_o simple_a promise_n to_o serve_v he_o tacit_fw-la paction_n be_v either_o when_o a_o person_n who_o have_v make_v no_o express_a paction_n use_v the_o word_n or_o sign_n which_o sorcerer_n use_v know_v they_o to_o be_v such_o either_o by_o their_o book_n or_o discourse_n and_o this_o be_v condemn_v as_o sorcery_n can._n 26._o quest_n 5._o and_o be_v relevant_a to_o infer_v the_o crime_n of_o witchcraft_n or_o to_o use_v these_o word_n and_o sign_n though_o the_o user_n know_v they_o not_o to_o be_v such_o and_o this_o be_v no_o crime_n if_o the_o ignorance_n be_v probable_a and_o if_o the_o user_n be_v content_a to_o abstain_v delrio_n lib._n 2._o quest_n 4._o vi_o renounce_v of_o baptism_n be_v by_o delrio_n make_v a_o effect_n of_o paction_n yet_o with_o we_o it_o be_v per_fw-la se_fw-la relevant_a as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o former_a procel_n of_o margaret_n hutchison_n and_o the_o solemnity_n confess_v by_o our_o witch_n be_v the_o put_v one_o hand_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o the_o head_n and_o another_o to_o the_o sole_a of_o the_o foot_n renounce_v their_o baptism_n in_o that_o posture_n delrio_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o devil_n use_v to_o baptise_v they_o of_o new_a and_o to_o wipe_v off_o their_o brow_n the_o old_a baptism_n and_o our_o witch_n confess_v always_o the_o give_v they_o new_a name_n which_o be_v very_o ridiculous_a as_o red-shank_n sergeant_n etc._n etc._n vii_o the_o devil_n mark_v use_v to_o be_v a_o great_a article_n with_o we_o but_o it_o be_v not_o per_fw-la se_fw-la find_v relevant_a except_o it_o be_v confess_v by_o they_o that_o they_o get_v that_o mark_n with_o their_o own_o consent_n quo_fw-la casu_fw-la it_o be_v equivalent_a to_o a_o paction_n this_o mark_n be_v give_v they_o as_o be_v allege_v by_o a_o nip_n in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o body_n and_o it_o be_v blue_a delrio_n call_v it_o stigma_fw-la or_o character_n lib._n 2._o quest_n 4._o and_o allege_n that_o it_o be_v sometime_o like_o the_o impression_n of_o a_o hare_n foot_n or_o the_o foot_n of_o a_o rat_n or_o spider_n l._n 5._o sect._n 4._o numb_a 28._o some_o think_v that_o it_o be_v impossible_a there_o can_v be_v any_o mark_n which_o be_v insensible_a and_o will_v not_o bleed_v for_o all_o thing_n that_o live_v must_v have_v blood_n and_o so_o this_o place_n behove_v both_o to_o be_v dead_a and_o alive_a at_o once_o and_o behove_v to_o live_v without_o aliment_n for_o blood_n be_v the_o aliment_n of_o the_o body_n but_o it_o be_v very_o easy_a to_o conceive_v that_o the_o devil_n may_v make_v a_o place_n insensible_a at_o a_o time_n or_o may_v apply_v thing_n that_o may_v squeeze_v out_o the_o blood_n this_o mark_n be_v discover_v among_o we_o by_o a_o pricker_n who_o trade_n it_o be_v and_o who_o learn_v it_o as_o other_o trade_n but_o this_o be_v a_o horrid_a cheat_n for_o they_o allege_v that_o if_o the_o place_n bleed_v not_o or_o if_o the_o person_n be_v not_o sensible_a he_o or_o she_o be_v infallible_o a_o witch_n but_o as_o delrio_n confess_v it_o be_v very_o hard_a to_o know_v any_o such_o mark_n à _fw-la nevo_fw-la clavo_fw-la vel_fw-la impertigine_fw-la naturali_fw-la and_o there_o be_v many_o piece_n of_o dead_a flesh_n which_o be_v insensible_a even_o in_o live_a body_n and_o a_o villain_n who_o use_v this_o trade_n with_o we_o be_v in_o the_o year_n 1666._o apprehend_v for_o other_o villainy_n do_v confess_v all_o this_o trade_n to_o be_v a_o mere_a cheat_n viii_o threaten_v to_o do_v mischief_n if_o any_o evil_a follow_v immediate_o have_v be_v too_o ordinary_o find_v a_o relevant_a article_n to_o infer_v witchcraft_n with_o we_o thus_o agnes_n finnie_n be_v pursue_v in_o anno_fw-la 1643._o upon_o the_o general_a article_n of_o have_v witch_v several_a person_n and_o particular_o for_o these_o article_n 1._o that_o william_n fairlie_n have_v nickname_v and_o call_v she_o annie_n winnie_n she_o swear_v in_o rage_n he_o shall_v go_v halt_v home_o and_o within_o 24._o hour_n he_o take_v a_o palsy_n 2._o that_o beatrix_n nisbit_n refuse_v to_o pay_v the_o say_a agnes_n the_o annualrent_a of_o two_o dollar_n owe_v by_o hector_n nisbit_n her_o father_n she_o tell_v she_o she_o shall_v repent_v it_o and_o within_o a_o hour_n thereafter_o she_o lose_v her_o tongue_n and_o the_o power_n of_o her_o right_a side_n 3._o that_o janet_n greintoun_n have_v refuse_v to_o carry_v away_o two_o herring_n she_o have_v buy_v from_o the_o say_v agnes_n and_o to_o pay_v for_o they_o she_o tell_v she_o it_o shall_v be_v the_o last_o meat_n she_o shall_v eat_v and_o within_o a_o little_a after_o she_o fall_v sick_a against_o which_o article_n it_o be_v there_o allege_v that_o this_o libel_n be_v not_o relevant_a and_o can_v not_o go_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o a_o inquest_n 1._o because_o no_o mean_n be_v condescend_v upon_o from_o which_o the_o witchcraft_n be_v infer_v and_o if_o this_o libel_n be_v relevant_a it_o will_v be_v relevant_a to_o libel_v general_o that_o the_o panel_n be_v a_o witch_n 2._o assizer_n be_v only_a judge_n to_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n and_o not_o to_o what_o consist_v in_o jure_fw-la but_o so_o it_o be_v that_o if_o this_o libel_n be_v to_o pass_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o a_o inquest_n all_o the_o debate_n in_o jure_v behove_v to_o be_v before_o the_o assize_n before_o who_o the_o panel_n procurator_n behove_v to_o debate_v how_o far_o minae_fw-la &_o damnum_fw-la secutum_fw-la be_v relevant_a and_o how_o far_o any_o person_n be_v punishable_a as_o a_o witch_n though_o no_o charm_n or_o other_o mean_v common_o use_v by_o witch_n be_v condescend_v upon_o and_o as_o to_o the_o threaten_n they_o be_v not_o relevant_a see_v they_o have_v not_o all_o the_o requisit_n which_o be_v express_v by_o the_o doctor_n as_o requisite_a for_o they_o be_v not_o specific_a bear_v the_o promise_n to_o do_v a_o particular_a ill_n as_o that_o fairlie_n shall_v take_v a_o palsy_n or_o nisbit_n lose_v her_o tongue_n 2._o there_o be_v not_o a_o precede_a reason_n of_o enmity_n prove_v nor_o be_v it_o probable_a that_o for_o so_o small_a a_o matter_n as_o a_o herring_n or_o the_o annualrent_a of_o two_o dollar_n she_o will_v have_v kill_v any_o person_n and_o expose_v herself_o to_o hazard_v nor_o be_v the_o effect_n immediate_a nor_o such_o as_o can_v not_o have_v proceed_v from_o any_o other_o natural_a cause_n without_o all_o which_o have_v concur_v delrio_n lib._n 5._o sect_n 3._o be_v very_o clear_a that_o minae_fw-la etiam_fw-la cum_fw-la damno_fw-la secuto_fw-la be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o a_o presumption_n but_o though_o all_o these_o do_v concur_v it_o be_v very_o clear_a both_o from_o delrio_n ibid._n and_o farin_n quest_n 5._o num_fw-la 37._o that_o all_o these_o threaten_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o infer_v the_o crime_n of_o witchcraft_n last_o it_o be_v offer_v to_o be_v prove_v that_o some_o of_o these_o person_n die_v of_o a_o natural_a disease_n depend_v upon_o cause_n precede_v that_o threaten_n notwithstanding_o of_o all_o which_o the_o libel_n be_v find_v relevant_a and_o she_o be_v burn_v but_o i_o think_v this_o decision_n very_o hard_o and_o very_o contrary_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o all_o receive_a writer_n who_o think_v that_o albeit_o minae_fw-la be_v adminiculatae_fw-la with_o all_o the_o former_a advantage_n &_o probatae_fw-la de_fw-la ea_fw-la quae_fw-la solet_fw-la minas_fw-la exequi_fw-la yet_o the_o same_o be_v only_o sufficient_a to_o infer_v a_o arbitrary_a punishment_n not_o corporal_n but_o pecuniary_a and_o certain_o such_o a_o wicked_a custom_n as_o threaten_v be_v in_o itself_o a_o crime_n and_o thus_o it_o be_v only_o well_o find_v to_o be_v crimen_fw-la in_o svo_fw-la genere_fw-la in_o the_o process_n lead_v against_o katherine_n oswald_n novemb_n 11._o 1629._o ix_o sometime_o article_n be_v libel_v wherein_o the_o malefice_fw-la have_v no_o dependence_n at_o all_o upon_o the_o mean_v use_v and_o thus_o it_o be_v libel_v against_o margaret_n hutchison_n august_n 20._o 1661._o that_o john_n clark_n wife_n be_v sick_a she_o come_v to_o the_o bed_n side_n when_o all_o the_o door_n and_o window_n be_v fast_o and_o comb_v her_o head_n several_a night_n and_o the_o last_o of_o these_o night_n she_o come_v to_o the_o bed_n side_n and_o put_v her_o hand_n to_o the_o woman_n pape_n whereupon_o the_o child_n die_v which_o article_n be_v find_v relevant_a per_fw-la se._n and_o it_o be_v libel_v against_o janet_n cock_n september_n 7._o 1661._o that_o a_o woman_n call_v spindie_n be_v at_o enmity_n with_o she_o she_o give_v she_o a_o cuff_n whereupon_o spindie_n immediate_o distract_v and_o be_v reprove_v therefore_o by_o the_o minister_n of_o
sine_fw-la juramento_fw-la est_fw-la perjurii_fw-la reus_fw-la nor_o be_v a_o person_n depon_v for_o the_o information_n of_o the_o council_n oblige_v before_o a_o oath_n be_v administrat_fw-la to_o consider_v what_o she_o be_v depon_v as_o liable_a to_o the_o certification_n of_o perjury_n and_o if_o it_o be_v otherways_o there_o need_v no_o oath_n be_v administrat_fw-la so_o that_o before_o the_o administration_n of_o a_o oath_n the_o deponer_n be_v neither_o a_o witness_n nor_o swear_v can_v neither_o be_v guilty_a of_o perjury_n nor_o false_a witness_v much_o less_o can_v she_o be_v guilty_a of_o perjury_n in_o have_v depone_v false_o which_o be_v a_o complicate_v crime_n make_v up_o of_o perjury_n and_o falsehood_n 3._o she_o be_v but_o one_o single_a witness_n and_o so_o can_v not_o have_v prejudge_v by_o her_o testimony_n the_o person_n against_o who_o she_o depone_v &_o semper_fw-la perpendendum_fw-la est_fw-la damnum_fw-la quod_fw-la ex_fw-la perjurio_fw-la resultat_fw-la carpz_n quaest_n 46._o n._n 47._o likeas_n here_o she_o retract_v she_o own_o deposition_n herself_o before_o any_o pursuit_n be_v or_o can_v be_v intent_a against_o those_o gentleman_n and_o that_o she_o depone_v be_v the_o result_n of_o the_o confusion_n she_o be_v put_v in_o by_o her_o appearance_n before_o the_o council_n be_v a_o young_a girl_n not_o exceed_v 18._o so_o that_o her_o age_n and_o sex_n shall_v excuse_v she_o si_fw-la quis_fw-la calore_fw-la iracundiae_fw-la aut_fw-la forte_fw-fr lingua_fw-la lapsus_fw-la aut_fw-la praecipitatus_fw-la perjurium_fw-la commisit_fw-la ei_fw-la eo_fw-la casu_fw-la ignosci_fw-la debet_fw-la rens_n lib._n 3._o decis_fw-la 2._o and_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o natural_a or_o less_o dangerous_a then_o that_o a_o guilt_n arise_v from_o a_o deposition_n and_o mere_a word_n shall_v be_v take_v off_o in_o the_o same_o way_n especial_o before_o any_o person_n be_v thereby_o prejudge_v as_o in_o this_o case_n 4._o this_o libel_n can_v not_o be_v warrantable_o found_v upon_o the_o act_n of_o q._n m._n which_o punish_v only_a perjury_n commit_v in_o marry_v two_o wife_n but_o no_o other_o species_n of_o perjury_n to_o which_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o as_o to_o the_o first_o defence_n it_o be_v not_o relevant_a since_o she_o be_v cite_v before_o the_o council_n aught_o to_o have_v depone_v true_o even_o for_o inform_v the_o supreme_a judicatory_a of_o the_o nation_n who_o use_n and_o must_v examine_v woman_n for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n especial_o in_o such_o atrocious_a and_o occult_a crime_n as_o in_o the_o burn_a of_o the_o house_n of_o frendraught_n and_o though_o the_o defender_n may_v in_o some_o case_n cast_v a_o woman_n from_o be_v witness_n yet_o that_o excuse_n she_o not_o if_o she_o be_v examine_v to_o the_o 2._o lawyer_n be_v clear_a that_o a_o witness_n may_v depon_n without_o be_v swear_v for_o the_o swear_v they_o be_v not_o essential_a since_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi may_v remit_v it_o and_o yet_o the_o witness_n who_o depones_fw-la false_o even_o though_o not_o swear_v be_v a_o false_a witness_n bart._n in_o l._n si_fw-la quis_fw-la ff_n ad_fw-la l._n cornel._n the_o fall_v clar._n h._n t._n num_fw-la 11._o to_o the_o 3._o it_o be_v not_o relevant_a since_o she_o inform_v against_o these_o gentleman_n in_o a_o treasonable_a point_n and_o may_v have_v prejudge_v they_o nor_o do_v her_o retraction_n proceed_v from_o repentance_n but_o confrontation_n nor_o do_v she_o accidental_o only_a or_o by_o confusion_n lapse_n into_o this_o error_n she_o have_v spread_v these_o misreport_n before_o she_o be_v cite_v and_o have_v reiterated_a her_o confession_n after_o citation_n to_o the_o 4._o the_o practice_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v oppon_v which_o be_v the_o best_a interpreter_n of_o law_n and_o in_o anno_fw-la 1615._o grahame_n of_o long-boddom_a and_o in_o anno_fw-la 1622._o turnbul_n of_o belshes_n and_o late_o dempster_n of_o muresk_n be_v punish_v with_o death_n for_o depon_v false_o or_o seduce_v other_o to_o depon_n but_o these_o point_n be_v not_o decide_v vii_o the_o punishment_n of_o perjury_n by_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v banishment_n l._n ult_n ff_n de_fw-fr crimine_fw-la stellionatus_fw-la &_o fustigatio_fw-la or_o scourge_v l._n si_fw-la duo_fw-la §_o si_fw-la quis_fw-la perjuraverit_fw-la by_o our_o law_n act_n 19_o parl._n 5._o q._n marry_o bigamy_n be_v declare_v punishable_a as_o perjury_n which_o be_v declare_v to_o be_v confiscation_n of_o all_o their_o movable_a good_n ward_n of_o their_o person_n for_o year_n and_o day_n and_o long_o during_o the_o king_n will_v and_o that_o as_o infamous_a person_n they_o shall_v never_o be_v able_a to_o bruik_v office_n honour_n dignity_n nor_o benefice_n in_o time_n come_v as_o to_o which_o act_n it_o be_v observable_a 1._o that_o perjury_n be_v not_o formal_o punishable_a with_o we_o but_o only_o declaratorly_a perjury_n be_v in_o itself_o so_o heinous_a a_o crime_n but_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v that_o perjury_n be_v before_o this_o act_n punishable_a after_o this_o manner_n for_o by_o the_o 4._o cap._n lib._n 1._o reg._n maj._n it_o be_v appoint_v that_o temere_fw-la jurantes_fw-la super_fw-la assisa_fw-la spoliabuntur_fw-la mobilibus_fw-la &_o in_fw-la carcerem_fw-la detrudentur_fw-la per_fw-la annum_fw-la &_o diem_fw-la adminus_fw-la &_o infamiae_fw-la notam_fw-la incurrent_a &_o amittent_fw-la legem_fw-la terrae_fw-la which_o skeen_n interpret_v to_o be_v non_fw-fr habère_fw-fr personam_fw-la standi_fw-la in_o judicio_fw-la and_o not_o to_o be_v receivable_a as_o witness_n either_o in_o judicio_fw-la or_o extrajudicium_fw-la which_o act_n be_v likewise_o ratify_v by_o the_o 47._o act_n parl._n 6._o k._n i._n 3._o where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o wilful_a or_o ignorant_a assizer_n man-swearing_a shall_v be_v punish_v after_o the_o king_n old_a law_n in_o the_o first_o book_n of_o the_o majesty_n where_o perjury_n be_v to_o be_v infer_v from_o a_o deposition_n either_o as_o party_n or_o witness_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o the_o deposition_n be_v subscribe_v by_o he_o and_o the_o lord_n find_v that_o mr._n james_n row_n can_v not_o be_v convict_v of_o perjury_n upon_o his_o deposition_n subscribe_v by_o the_o clerk_n sometime_o the_o council_n change_v the_o punishment_n of_o perjury_n into_o banishment_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o galbraith_n who_o come_v in_o will_n for_o perjury_n 23._o july_n 1625._o title_n xxx_o of_o injury_n personal_n and_o real_a and_o of_o infamous_a libel_n 1._o injury_n be_v either_o verbal_a or_o real_a 2._o the_o requisit_n in_o libel_v verbal_a injury_n 3._o what_o be_v real_a injury_n 4._o who_o be_v judge_n to_o verbal_a or_o real_a injury_n 5._o infamous_a libel_n how_o punish_v 6._o leasing-maker_n how_o punish_v by_o our_o law_n i_o have_v ofttimes_o think_v that_o man_n shall_v walk_v legal_o not_o only_o in_o obedience_n but_o gratitude_n to_o law_n since_o the_o law_n take_v so_o much_o pain_n to_o secure_v not_o only_o our_o life_n and_o estate_n but_o even_o our_o honour_n and_o reputation_n and_o will_v humour_v we_o so_o far_o as_o that_o because_o we_o will_v think_v raillery_n a_o misfortune_n it_o will_v therefore_o punish_v even_o these_o who_o offend_v our_o imagination_n i._o injury_n then_o in_o its_o more_o comprehensive_a sense_n may_v give_v a_o name_n to_o all_o crime_n for_o all_o crime_n be_v injury_n but_o injury_n as_o it_o be_v the_o subject_a of_o this_o title_n be_v the_o same_o thing_n with_o contumely_n or_o reproach_n it_o be_v divide_v by_o lawyer_n into_o such_o as_o be_v commit_v by_o thought_n deed_n word_n and_o gesture_n but_o the_o more_o receive_v division_n be_v that_o injury_n be_v either_o verbal_a or_o real_a ii_o verbal_a injury_n be_v these_o which_o be_v commit_v by_o unwarrantable_a expression_n as_o to_o call_v a_o man_n a_o cheat_n or_o a_o woman_n a_o whore_n but_o because_o expression_n vary_v according_a to_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o speaker_n therefore_o except_o the_o word_n can_v allow_v of_o no_o good_a sense_n as_o whore_n or_o thief_n or_o that_o there_o lie_v strong_a presumption_n against_o the_o speaker_n the_o injuriandi_fw-la animus_n the_o design_n of_o injure_v as_o well_o as_o the_o injure_v word_n must_v be_v prove_v and_o the_o speaker_n will_v be_v allow_v to_o purge_v his_o guilt_n by_o declare_v his_o intention_n l._n 5._o §_o octavo_fw-la ff_n de_fw-fr injur_fw-fr and_o his_o declaration_n will_v without_o a_o oath_n be_v sufficient_a except_o the_o offender_n be_v burden_v with_o contrary_a presumption_n berlich_n conclus_fw-la 60._o num_fw-la 18._o lawyer_n therefore_o require_v in_o libel_v injury_n 1._o that_o the_o particular_a expression_n be_v distinct_o condescend_v upon_o nor_o be_v the_o general_a you_o call_v i_o a_o cheat_n or_o say_v some_o such_o thing_n sufficient_a see_v not_o only_a word_n but_o even_o the_o point_n of_o they_o do_v alter_v the_o estimat_fw-la of_o injury_n 2._o the_o pusuer_fw-mi shall_v libel_v the_o design_n of_o injure_v