and form of them Philippus Beroaldus Tacitum typis excusum primus Orbi dedit Chistetii Anastasis Childerici Reg. c. 19. His History and Annals are translated into English by S r Henry Savill Some preferre his History before his Annals Tadaeus seu Thadaeus Florentinus He taught Physick at Bononia amplissimo honorario and with such an opinion of all men that he was extolled in those times for a second Galen His Works are mentioned by Castellanus de vitis Medicorum Audomarus Talaeus Professour of Eloquence at Paris There are his Rhetorica Prâ—fatione Epistolae Orationes ejusdem praelect in Cic. Porphyr Arist. Talmud As if you should say Doctrinale in which the Jews have made as it were their Canon Law and their Divinity out of the sentences and examples of their ancient Doctors after the same manner that Peter Lombard the book of Sentences and Gratian the Decrees among the Papists That work was first begun as the Jews themselves Masius Genebrard and Petrus Galatinus have recorded within two hundred years from the Nativity of Christ although it was long after finished at least the Babylonian Talmud for the Talmud of Ierusalem was sooner published See Buxtorfs Bibliotheca concerning the Editions of these two Talmuds There are two parts of the Talmud the Mischna containing the Text of the Talmudical Law This came out about the year of Christ 150. This was read explained and disputed in the Academies of Ierusalem and Babylon Those disputations and the decisions of them were called Gemara So of the Mischna and Gemara came the Ierusalem Talmud Anno Christi 230. But the Babylonish Talmud more perfect and copious finished about the year of Christ 500. L' Emperour hath written a Book which he entitleth Clavis Talmudica Vide Seldenum De Iure Naturali Gentium l. 1. c. 2. p. 34 35. Ruardus Tapperus Charles the fifth Emperour and Philip the King of Spain sometimes the Pope himself required his pains and industry There are his Opera Theologica Io. Tarnovius A learned Lutheran as his Exercitationes Biblicae and Commentaries on the small Prophets shew Paulus Tarnovius he hath written well on Iohn Alex. Tartagnus a learned Italian Lawyer Tatianus Alexandrinus Anno Dom. 180. There is his Oratio contra Gentes Harmonia Evang. Fridericus Taubmanus a learned and pious man There are his Schediasmata Poetica Melodâ—sia sive Epulum Musaeum Commentariolus posthumus in Moretum incerti authoris His Commentary on Plautus and Virgil. Ioh. Taulerus a Preacher of Argentine in Germany Anno 1350. He taught openly against all mens merits and against Invocation of Saints and preached sincerely of our free Justification by grace Francis Taylor A learned Linguist and worthy Divine of the Assembly at Westminster He and D r Boot wrote Examen Praefationis Morini In Biblia Graeca de Textus Ebraici corruptione Graeci authoritate He hath put out other Works himself Tractatus de Patribus Rabbi Nathan Pirke Aboth Capitula Patrum and other Works D r Thomas Taylor a solid and judicious Divine There are divers usefull Treatises of his published A Comment on Titus the twelfth Chapter of the Revelat. A Book in Folio containing divers Tracts And other Treatises mentioned in the late Catalogue of divinity-Divinity-Books Sir William Temple a learned Gentleman and great Ramist There is his Analysis Logica 30 Psalmorum Scholia upon Ramus his Logick And other Works Io. Temporarius a miracle in nature if that be true which is reported of him He was made Knight by Charles the Great in the fifteenth year of his Age. He hath written Chron. demonstrat Publius Terentius Terence Erasmus somewhere saith thus of him Plus est exacti judicii in una Terentianâ Comaediâ absit Nemesis dicto quam in Plautinis omnibus Tully ad Atticum quotes Terence to justifie his own Latine Tertullian He was born in Carthage a famous Town in Africa Anno Dom. 200. The ancientest of the Latine Fathers He was expert both in Greek and Latine was a great Philosopher Lawyer would dispute well was eloquent in writing When the Christians were vexed with wrongs and falsly accused of the Gentiles Tertullian taking their cause in hand defendeth them against their persecutors and their slanderous accusations Cyprian Bishop of Carthage so esteemed his writings that he read somewhat in them every day and called him his Master he would say to his servant Da Magistrum that is Tertullian Ierom also commends him much in his Apologeticall Book against the Gentiles Some much commend his Apology Heraldus and others have commented on that Others his Book De pallio Iunius and Salmasius have written upon that Libellus mole exiguus sed dignitate grandis ut qui maximé Jun. in Epist. ad Not. in Tertul. lib. de Pallio He was a Montanist and a Millenary Scis quam durus sit asper sermo Tertulliani Certe stridet magis quam loquitur Calv. Epist. N. S. p. 373. See in Minutius Foelix Tertullianus perturbatissime loquitur ut Afer Ludov. Viv. de trad discip l. 3. Testamentum Novum There is Testamentum Graecum cum notis Stephani Scaligeri Casauboni Testamentum Graecum Latinum interpret Bezae Testamentum Novum opera Eliae Hutteri 12 Linguis Testamentum Novum Arabice ex Editione Thomae Erpenii Testamentum Novum Syriacè sed Charactere Hebr. cum interpret Imman Tremellii Testamentum Novum Graecè ex editione Rob. Stephani Testamentum Novum Germanicè per Mart. Lutherum Testamentum Novum Anglicè cum notis Rhemensibvs CHAP. II. JO. Ravisius Textor was born at Nevers in France A certain Frenchman called Textor writeth a Book which he named Ossicina wherein he weaveth up many broken ended matters and sets out much râ—ff raff pelsery trumpery baggage and beggery ware clampard up of one that would seem to be fitter for a shop indeed then to write a Book Aschams Toxophilus pag. 26. Themistius a wise man and great Philosopher All his Works are in one Volume Themistocles Plutark writes his Life Theocritus a famous Greek Poet. There are his Ioyllia Epigrammata Theodoret Bishop of Cyrus in Syria Anno Dom. 430. He propounded Chrysostom as his worthy patern in forming his style of writing and by this means he proved so fluent and eloquent full of grace and learning in his Works The Lives of the Primit Fathers He hath written part of the Ecclesiastical History and other Works Theodotio Ponticus He hath turned the Old Testament into Greek Theon a great Mathematician He hath written in Greek upon Aratus Euclide Ptolomy Exercitationes Rhetoricae Gr. Lat. Theophanes There are his Hymus in Deiparam Oratio Gr. Lat. ante exaltationem crucis Theophilus Antiochenus Anno Dom. 170. He hath written upon the four Gospels Against the calumniators of the Christian Religion Philippus Theophrastus He was so called from his divine speaking before he was
travels he saith thus of him more teasty then subtil and more able to wrangle then satisfie His Enâ—hiridion Controversiarum is most commended Peter Cotton an eloquent French Jesuite Cotonus Rhetoricus jactantiâ—r quam dialecticus acutior Cham. Praefat. ad 2 dam partem Epist. Iesuit A more boasting Orator then acute Logician Sir Robert Cotton So renowned for his great care in collecting and preserving all Antiquity For which he is often honourably mentioned by B. Usher and M r Selden Vir praestantissimus Robertus Cottonus Condus ille ac promus vetustatis longè locupletissimus Seldeni Praefat. ad Marm. Arund Iohn Covel A learned Scholar as his Interpretation of words and his Institutiones Iuris Anglicani shew Miles Coverdale sometimes Bishop of Excester an exile a long time for the profession of the Gospel There are these Works of his His Confutation of a Treatise which Io. Standish made against the Protestation of D. Barns His Translation of the Bible and others mentioned by And. Maunsell in his Catalogue of English Books Didacus a Covarruvias He was most skilfull in the Civil and Canon-Laws and in all Learning Richard Crakanthorp Doctor of Divinity Archbishop Abbot said His Defensio Ecclesiae Anglicanae contra M. Anton. de Dominis injurias was the most exact piece for controversie since the time of Reformation His Defence of Constantine and others of his Works of Logick and Physick are good Thomas Cranmer Archbishop of Canterbury Martyr He was the first Archbishop of Canterbury that cast off Antichrist As Britain was most blessed under Edward the sixths Reign so much by his means That he might settle the Doctrine of the Gospel in both the Universities he sent for the most famous Divines out of forraign Naions and drew them into England Peter Martyr Bucer Fagius Lascus Immanuel Tremellius Bernardus Ochinus All which with their wives and children were liberally maintained by him This way he spent his yearly revenew so that nothing remained to himself He studied the Scriptures diligently and wrote against that grosse opinion of the Papists affirming the carnal presence of Christ in the Sacrament a Book filled with so much learning and plenty of arguments that that controversie seems to be handled by none more accurately against the Papists Steven Gardiner Bishop of Winchester being prisoner in the Tower by stealth and largely inveighed against this Book in that Book which he named Marcus Constantius This Peter Martyr learnedly refuted Cranmer being dead After the death of King Edward when Cranmer was advised by his friends to flie If I were saith he accused of theft treason parricide or any other wickednesse I could be induced to flie much more easily then in this cause For when the Question is not concerning my faith toward men but toward God and concerning my constancy in the truth of the holy Scripture against Popish errours I would rather in this case lose my life then leave the Kingdom When King Henry purposed to imprison his Daughter Mary being stiffe for the Popish faction only Cranmer interceded and mitigated the Kings anger but the ill will that Queen Mary bore him for having a hand in her Mothers Divorce that inveterate hatred I say toward him blotted out all his friendly Offices to her Io. Crato He was born at Uratislavia the chief City of Silesia anno 1519. a great Philosopher and Physician and excellent Poet. He was Counsellour and chief Physician to the Emperours Ferdinand the first Maximilian the second Rodulphus the second for twenty six years His Works are mentioned by Boissard in his Icones CHAP. XIV CHristophorus Crinesius Professour of Divinity at Altdorph in Norimberg He was well skilled in the Hebrew Chaldee Syriack He died of an Apoplexy These Works of his are published Gymnasium Siriacum Lexicon Syriacum Babel sive discursus De Confusione Linguarum Analysis Novi Testamenti tabulis 27. comprehensa Exercitat Hebraic Pars prior Gymnasii Chaldaici Petrus Crinitus He hath written five Books De Poetis Latinis though he be held inferiour to Lilius Gregorius Gyraldus who hath written also of that Argument De honesta Disciplina peâ—amaena ac copiosa varietate lib. 25. delectabiles posteris reliquit Neand. Geog. part 1. Ludovicus Crociâ—s Doctor in Divinity and Professor at Brema He hath written an excellent instruction De Ratione Studii Theologici His Syntagma Theologiae is very well approved He hath published divers other Works Commentarius in Titum in Ephesios Apologeticus pro Augustana Confessione Assertio Augustanae Confessionis De perseverantia Sanctorum Paraeneticus de Theologia Cryptica Apodixis paeraenâ—tica de Messia ad Iudaos per orbem dispersos Orator Ecclesiasticus in Nahum Prophetam Iohn Croy a Learned French Divine He hath written a Treatise entitled Observationes Sacra Historioae in nâ—vâ—m Testamentum which title though a Learned Writer of our own reprehends and in the book he seems somewhat too sharp against Heinsius yet that book and his Specimen conjecturarum observationum in quadam loca Origenis Irenaei Tertulliani Epiphanii c. and his French book entitled La veritè de la Religion Reformee declare him to be a good Linguist and an able Scholar generally Hannibal Cruceius Gasparus Craciger a Learned Divine He was born Anno 1504. His Works are mentioned by Boissard He was very swift in writing so that of him that of the Epigrammatist might be used Currant verba licet manus est velocior illis Nondum lingua suum dextra peregit opus Therefore when in the year 1540. there was a conference at Wormes amongst those which differed in Religion he was the Notary and received Melancthons and Eccius his words with incredible swiftness and often admonished Melancthon what he had not answered of Eecius his subtilties therefore Granvelbane Caesars Deputy at that Conference said Lutherani scribam habent omnibus Pontificiis doctiorem Melch. Adam in ejus Vita Henry Cuffe a Learned man and of Oxford He hath written a book of the differences of the ages of mans life Iacobus Cujacius a great light of France His Life is written by Papyrius Massonus He is celebrated by Peter Faber whose Master he was and Casaubon and others as the greatest Lawyer of his time Pasquier Recherch de la Frâ—nce saith in many Universities of Germany when those in the Chair alleadge Cujacius and Turnebus they put their hands to their hats for the respect and honour they bear them He cals him the great Cujacins A Protestantium partibus non alienus He was thought to be somewhat inclinable to the Protestant Religion but when any Theologicall question was asked him he was wont to answer Nihil hoc ad edictum Praetoris Petrns Câ—naeus There are his Animadversions in Nonni Dionysiaca Satyra Menippea in castrata D. Iuliani Imperatoris Satyra His three Books De Repub. Hebraorum are much valued Caelius Secundus Curio He was born Anno
senex optimè meritus de Ecclesia D. Farellus primus istarum partium Apostolus Calv. Epist. Bullingerus Calvino There is Beza's Epigram In tres eximios aetatis nostrae Ecclesiastas Gallia mirata est Calvinum Ecclesia nuper Quo nemo docuit doctins Est quoque te nuper mirata Farelle tonantem Quo nemo tonuit fortius Et miratur adhuc fundentem mella Viretum Quo nemo fatur dulcius Scilicet aut tribus his servabere testibus olim Aut interibis Gallia Fasciculus Temporum A Book full of complaints against the Popes and grosse things in Popery The Fathers They were eminent for Learning holinesse of life and eloquence Antiquos Patres nos amplectimur ita accipimus ut nec sine justa evidenti ratione ab uno pluribusve nec ad unanimi ipsorum consensu unquam in causis fidei dissentiamus Crak Log. l. 4. c. 26. In the division of the Decalogve four precepts and one of those about not worshipping Images are rehearsed in the first Table by Philo Iosephus Origen Athanasius Ierome Gregory Nazianzen Chrysostom but six in the second Only Austen propter Trinitatis mysterium puts three in the first Table and seven in the second dividing the last precept into two and referring the second which forbids worshipping of Images to the first D r Daniel Featly a learned Divine and a most acute Disputant as his Grand Sacriledge several Conferences and Answers to the Papists and other Works shew Minutius Felix an eloquent Father Lucius Fenestella a famous Historian of whom Plinie Plutark Gellius make mention He lived in the time of Tiberius Caesar. Dominicus Floccus Florentinus was the Author of the little Book De Magistratibus Sacerdotiis Romanorum ascribed to him Dudlie Fenner a learned Divine Thomas Cartwright and Walter Travers were his Scholars There is his S. Theologia methodicè digesta and several English Tracts His Commentary on the Canticles The order of Houshold Government An Interpretation of the Lords Prayer An Interpretation upon the Epistle to Philemon A short Table orderly disposing the principles of Religion out of the first Table of the Law A Treatise of the Sacrament A profitable Treatise of lawfull and unlawfull Recreations Art of Logick and Rhetorick plainly set forth with examples for the practice of the same c. Answer unto the Confutation of the Recantation of Iohn Nicols especially in the matters of Doctrine of Purgatory Images c. Ioannes Fernelius a learned French Physician to Henry the second of France Medicinam universam doctissimis politissimis scriptis complexus est Thuan. Hist. Tom. 1. l. 21. Arnoldus Ferronus Iohn Ferus He is no suborned or counterfeit Authour but the famousest Preacher that was in Mentz or in Germany in all his time His Commentaries upon Iohn were eight times at least printed in ten years Crashaws Prolegom to the English Papists before his Romish Forger and Falsificat Iacobus Fevardentius That railing Franciscan answerable to his name Ioannes Fichardus He was born at Francford ad Moenum Anno 1512. Decus ornamentum eorum quibus cumvixit patriae imò Germaniae totius saeculi sui Boissardi Icones He hath written De vitis Iurisconsultorum recentiorum and other Works mentioned by Boissard Marsilius Ficinus of Florence a famous Philosopher Physician and Divine He wrote many excellent Works Tu Platonem quanquam alios veteres sed Platonem tamen ipsum maxime Platonicosque omnes Latinè loqui doces uberrimis Commentariis locupletas Polit. Epist. l. 9. Ep. 13. Polit. Marsil Fic Eo saltem facto meritus ut qui tot clarorum virorum memoriam in occulto latere passus non est ipse quoque oblivioni minimè sit tradendus Melch. Ad. in ejus vita Richard Field a learned Divine He hath written learnedly of the Church and in defence of such parts of his Book as have been excepted against Thomas Fienus a very learned Physician who hath published a very rational and scholastical Treatise Concerning the Power of the Imagination Io. Filesacus a learned Writer as his Books shew Opera varia De sacra Episcoporum auctoritate De Idololatria De Politico legitimo Principis cultu Comment Iohn Fisher Bishop of Rochester Vir singulari pietate eruditione Eras. Epist. l. 290. Epist. 42. Sir Anthony Fitzherbert His Abridgement was painfully and elaborately collected and published in the 11 th year of K. Henry 8. by him then Serjeant at Law and he wrote also another Book called his Natura brevium an exact Work exquisitely penned and publishin the 26. year of Henry 8. When he was Knight one of the Judges of the Court of Common-pleas about the same time he wrote his Treatise of Justices of the Peace L. Florus He lived in the Raign of Trajane and Hadrian Ubertus Folieta He hath published divers Works One De Latinae Linguae usu praestantia And Clarorum Ligurum Elogia Patrick Forbes a learned Scotch Divine Iohn Forbes his Son He put out Instructiones Historicae Theologica a Book well esteemed of and Irenicum Iohn Ford or Foorth a learned English Divine He hath written several Works Synopsis Politica In Apocalypsin The Necessity and Antiquity of catechizing and on Heb. 6. 1. The Covenant between God and man Franciscus Forerius He said as much as possibly could be said in the Defence of the Vulgar Translation altering the Hebrew Vowels for this purpose at his pleasure yet it seemeth the errours discovered by him in his Comment upn Esay hath hindered the setting forth of his other Commentaries upon the Prophets which he had finished as appears by the later part of his Epistles to the Trent Fathers so the Church would have approved them D r Iackson on the Creed Vol. 1. l. 2. c. 31. He that wrote the Spanish Bibliotheque in the second Tome saith He is said to have written besides that on Esay which I have not seen upon the other greater Prophets the twelve lesser Iob Psalms Proverbs Ecclesiastes Canticles Sixtus Senensis saith He wrote upon all the Prophets Petrus Forrestus a learned Physician He read the first Lecture in Physick and made the first Oration for its praise in the University of Leyden then restored He hath published many learned Works CHAP. XX. JOannes Forsterus He was Professour of the Hebrew Tongue at Wittenberg and very much illustrated and amplified it with a Lexicon published at Basil in folio Sir Iohn Fortescu◠an excellent Antiquary and of profound knowledge in the Common-Law He hath written a book De laudibus Legum Angliae This Book was written in the Raign of K. H. 6. in commendation of the Laws of England containing with all much excellent matter worthy the reading Iohn Fox sometime exile for the profession of the Gospel that Saint-like Historian M r Fox D r Hall He studied
was over-sharp and vehement in his Epistles with Austen and with others in his Controversall Writings Ut ubique vehemens ita in Eristico contradicendi genere parum interdum attendendus Montac Appar 9. Omnium Traditionum Curiosissimus explorator Id. Hilarius Pictaviensis Antistes Bishop of Poictou in France Stephanus Paschasius in his Icones hath these verses of him Et nos exhilaras Hilari sanctissime Praesul Et monitis victa est Arria secta tuîs. Hilarius Arelatensis Episcopus He lived in the time of Pope Leo about the year 458. Hildefonsus Toletanae sedis Episcopus There are Opuscula varia of his Arthur Hildersam a Learned and Judicious Divine who quotes Scripture Texts pertinently His Comment on the 51 Psalm and his Lectures on the 4 th of Iohn and other Works are excellent Treatises Hincmarus Anno Dom. 850. There are his Opuscula Epistolae Admonitio de potestate Regia Pontificia Hipparchus a great Astronomer He lived about 125 years before Christ was born Pliny much commends him in the 2 d Book of his Naturall History c. 26. There are his Enarrationes Gr. Lat. Ad Arati Eudoxi Phaenomena Hippocrates He was the first that wrote Methodically the Art of Physick all Greece admiring him because of his knowledge His Works are in Greek and Latine in two Volumes His Aphorisms are much esteemed and quoted by Physitians Hippolytus He hath written some Homilies and De Consummatione mundi de Antichristo secundo adventu Christi David Hoeschelius a very Learned man to whom we owe many good books Rob. Holcot an English man a Learned Dominican Monk He hath written On the Proverbs Questions and Speeches upon the Sentences De imputabilitate peccati quomodo longa Determinations of other Questions Iacobus Hollerius Magni illius Hollerii dignissimus filius Jacobi Augusti Thuani De vita sua l. 1. He hath written De morbis internis Observat. ad Consilia curandi Lucas Holstenius a Learned Papist Franciscus Hottomannus a Learned Lawyer well skilled in History and all Antiquity and a Protestant Divers of his Works published Concerning the Law and other things for the illustration of Antiquity and politer Learning are mentioned by Boissard in his Icones Homer Seven Cities contended about his birth Leo Allatius hath written a book de Patria Homeri Homers Poetry is twofold his Iliades and Odysses In the Iliades he represents the strength of his body in his Odysses that of his minde both is described in an Heroick verse the most absolute of all Meeters Amongst all Homers verses his Iliades and Odysses are especially celebrated in which the light of all Philosophy Oratory and Poetry is seen Lil. Gyrald De Poet. Hist. l. 2. Est perfecto regium quid Homeri poesis praesertim Ilias paraemia quidem ait malorum Ilias haec vero omnis boni Ilias Possev Biblioth Select Tomo 2 do l. 17. c. 10. Homer and Virgill the two Poets that have been the admiration of all ages which have afforded men of judgement Philosophers and others ascribed little less then Divine authority to Homer Alexander the Great put Homers Iliades in a curious Casket which he took from Darius and laid it still under his pillow when he slept Homero vati haec est propria peculiarisque tribuenda laus quod neque ipse de patria sua quicquam prodidit pleraeque illum nobilissimae civitates suum quaeque fuisse alumnum contendunt Polit Orat. in Exposit. Hom. Vide plura ibid. Alcibiades the Athenian coming into a School commanded them to bring him Homers book when they answered they had him not he struck the Master and went away counting it an unworthy thing for a Schoolmaster to be without Homer Festus Hommius He was in the Synod of Dort and opposed the Arminians There is his Specimen controver siarum Belgicarum And his Disputationes Theologicae Petrus Cornelius Hoofduis a Learned Dutch Knight Richard Hooker For his solid Writings he was sirnamed the Iudicious and entitled Theologorum Oxonium He hath published a Learned Book Of the Laws of Ecclesiasticall Polity written in Defence of the Government then established against the new desired Discipline Iohn Hooper the Learned and godly Bishop of Glocester and Worcester and Martyr These are his Works His Answer to my L. of Winchesters book entituled A Detection of the devils Sophistry wherewith he robbeth the unlearned people of the true Belief in the Sacrament of the Altar Confession of the Christian Faith Declaration of the 10 Commandments Sermons on Ionas And other Tracts mentioned by Maunsell in his Catalogue Ioacbimus Hopperus He hath written divers Works Paraphrasis in Psalmos De usu Psalmorum De vera Iurisprudentia Isagoge in Iurisprudentiam De Iuris Arte. Dispositio Lib. Pandectarum More of his Works are mentioned by Suffridus Petrus De Scriptoribus Frifiâ— Horatius Flaccus an ingenious Poet. Qui unus plura Criticorum judiciò quam caeteri omnes innovavit Dilher Disputat Acad. Tom. 1. Robert Horne sometime Bishop of Winchester Et bene sonantem Hornum D r Humph. There is his Answer to Fecknam Conradus Hornaeus Lutheranus Vedelius terms him Virum doctissimum and commends his book De processu disputandi Lambertus Hortensius Divers of his Works are published De Anabaptistis De Bello Germanico Explanationes in Lucanum in Virgilii Aeneida Dissertatio de Trajecto Epistolis Rerum Ultrajectinarum Stanislaus Hosius He was imployed by three Emperours successively Charles the 5 th his Brother Ferdinand and Maximilian the sonne of Ferdinand He was President in the Councell of Trent All his Works are in one Volume Rod. Hospinianus He hath written De Festis Iudaeorum Ethnicorum De Templis De Monachis Michael Hospitalius Unicum aevi nostri decus Grot. Prâ—fat ad Poem Chancellour of France under Charles the 9 th but removed from the Court and made a prisoner as it were only because he opposed those wicked counsels against the Protestants in the Massacre at Paris Beza mentions him in his Icones Virorum illustrium There are these of his Works published Six Books of Epistles in Latine verse De Caleto expugnato Epistola carmen cum aliis In the Preface to his Epistle one saith it appeared by a most ancient Coin that he much resembled Aristotle Summum illum omnium Philosophorum principem Aristotelem sic ore toto retulit ut alterius ex altero imago expressa videri posset Io. Howson Bishop of Oxford a Learned man He hath written De Divortiis and Sermons Rogerius de Hoveden a famous Historian who flourished about the year 1190. He wrote two Books of Annals Robert Hues He hath written well of the Celestiall and Terrestiall Globes and their use Hermannus Hugo He hath written a good Book de Origine scribendi rei literariae antiquitate Hugo
Christian faith He published divers Works in which he both discovered the devises of the refractary Jews and promoted Learning A book De sexcentis tredecim Mosaica sanctionis seu Pentateuchi dictis Philosophia prophetia ac Thalmudistica pro veritate Christiana tuenda cum juniori Hebraeorum synagoga disputatio mirabili ingenii acumine in tres divisa tractatus Farrago ex Thalmudis codice Isagoge in Caballistarum doctrinam which Erasmus commends in his Epistles And other Works he also published which are mentioned by Melchior Adam Nicholas Ridley Bishop of London the most learned Martyr in Queen Maries daies He wrote a Book in prison of the Lords Supper which is turned into Latine with an Epistle prefixed wherein he and that Tract are commended Petrus Riga There is his Aurora Nicolaus Rigaltius There are his Observationes notae in Auctores finium regundorum In Glossas Agrimensorias Glossarium Funus Parasiticum Vita S. Romani Notae in Martialem Ioh. Riolanus both the Father and the Sonne There is the Fathers Anthropographia The Sonnes Anotomica Ioachimus Fortius Ringelbergius He was born at Antwerp Nullum perfecit librum nisi dum a typographo excuderetur The manner which he observed in writing books Melchior Adam mentions in his life and himself in his Book De Ratione Studii p. 85. seems to intimate His Works were published in one Volume at Leyden and the particular Treatises are mentioned by Melchior Ad. vit Germ. Philos. Fridericus Risnerus He was Ramus his helper in the Mathematicks he hath written four books of the Opticks Conradus Ritterhusius He was born at the City Brunswick in Saxony Anno Christi 1560. when Melancthou died He was acquainted with the learned and famous men of his age Ioseph Scaliger Iustus Lipsius Casaubone Thuanus Lectius Ortelius Canterus Bongarsius both the Douzas Heinsius Freherus Gruterus Stenius the Camerarii Remus Caselius Velserus Dionysius Gothofredus Melissus Posthius Stuckius Monavius Beza Mornie and many other great Schollers His Works are mentioned by Melchior Adam in his Life Sir Thomas Rives the Kings Advocate These are his Works The poor Vicars Plea Regiminis Anglicani in Hibernia Defensio Adversus Analecten Historia Navalis in two parts Defensio Justiniani contra Nicolaum Alemannum Andrew Rivet a learned and godly French-Divine He hath very well expounded Genesis Exodus the Prophetical Psalms and Hosea and wrote learnedly against the Papists in his Catholicus Orthodoxus and against Grotius Criticus sacer seu censura Patrum Isagoge in S. Scripturam Synopsis doctrinae de natura gratia Other learned Treatises hath he published in Latine and French William Rivet his brother is also a learned man He hath published a Book De Iustificatione a most exact French Treatise as some say De Invocatione Adoratione Sanctorum defunctorum Epistola Apologet. Mart. de Roa There are his Singular loc ac rerum l. 5. Singul. l. 6. Observat. in Proverb Do die natali sacro profano Franciscus Robortellus There was a great difference between him and Carolus Sigonius There are his Ephimerides Patavinae Adversus Carolum Sigonium Ang. Roccha There is his Bibliotheca Vaticana Bibliothecae Theot Scripturalis Epitome unà cum Scriptoribus qui in Biblia scripserunt And other Works Robert Roollock a learned Scotch Divine He hath commented on Daniel some Psalms the Gospel of Iohn the Epistle to the Romans and Galatians the Epistle to the Ephesians Colossians Thessalonians and Philemon He hath written De vocat modo revel foed Adrianus Romanus There is his Methodus Polygoniorum Gulielmus Rondeletius an excellent Physician His Life is copiously written by Laurentius Ioubertus in the second part of his Works and his Works are mentioned by him There are these Works of his De piscibus marinis De ponderibus Methodus Curandi morbos De dignosc morbis cum aliis opusc De morbo Gallico Emendatiores Tabulae De dosibus Peter Ronsard Prince of the French Poetâ— Some call him the French Homer and Pindar Petrus Ronsardus Poeticam nostrâ aetate ad summum eâ—lmen evexit Thuan. Hist. Tom. 5. lib. 117. part 1. Post Augusti aetatem poetâ— praestantissimus Thuan. Hist. Tom. 2. l. 36. Vide ejus Hist. Tom. 4. l. 82. This Epitaph was made of him Hac tegitur Ronsardus humo tot notus in oris Quot patrius flavas Leda percurrit arenas Bartas in his second Week saith thus of him L'autre ce grand Ronsard qui pour oruer sa France Le Grec le Latin despouille d' eloquente Et d' vn esprit hardy manie hereusement Toute sorâ—e de vers de sty la d' argument Cardinal Perron made a Funeral Oration upon his death He much extols him there Il s' est bien ven aux siecles passez des hommes excellens en vn genre de Poesie saith he mais qui ayent embrassé toutes les parties de la Poësie ensemble comme cestuy-cy à faict il ne s' en est point veu jusques â maintenant See more there Io. Rosinus He hath written ten Books of Romane Antiquities Alexander Rosse a learned Scotchman He hath written many good Books in Latine and English in Prose and Verse Virgilius Evangelizans Virgilius Triumphans De rebus Iudaicis Additions to Wollebius and Ursinus Observations upon Sir Walter Rawleigh Marrow of History Chronology Medicus Medicatus Of all Religions And several others Herebertus Rosweydus a learned Jesuite There are these Works of his Dissertatio de fide haereticis servanda Historia Eremitica Anti Capellus Vindiciciae Campensis Lex Talionis 12 tabularum Corollarium contra Coecysmâ—t Capelli de fide haereticis servanda Vetus Martyrologium Romanum Hieronymus Roverius Hier. Rubeus a famous Physician There are these Works of his Disputatio de Melonibus De distillat Hist. Ravennatum Rudolphus II. Imperator There are Tabulae Rudolphinae Astronomicae Exhortatio ad omnes S. Roman Imperii statu pro communi bello adversus Turcam Oratio in Comitiis Generalibus Cracoviae Ioannes Râ—ellius There are these Works of his De Natura stirpium Collect. interpret Medicinae veterinariae Rufinus Presbytâ—r Anno Dom. 390. He was much esteemed by many David Rungius He was skilled in Hebrew Greek and Latine and in the Liberal Arts. He hath published several Works Analysis Ep ad Romanos Praelect in Gen. in Exod. De norma judice Controversiarum Disp. in Ep. ad Rom. Cor. Disput. 8. in Acad. Rupertus Tuicensis vel Tuitiensis Abbas Abbot of Tâ—y He was esteemed one of the most learned men of his age The many Volumes which he hath left written do testifie the eminency of his Learning Some of his Works are mentioned in Oxford Catalogue Io. de Rupescissa a Monk An. 1350. For rebuking the spiritualty for their greaâ— enormities and neglecting their office and duty was cast into prison
what it is its Antiquity the true and false Religions the Reformed Religion and some Questions about Religion are also discussed The second Book is concerning Learning its Excellentcy Usefulness of the Liberal Arts the Languages Universities In the four last Books my intention was to speak of such as were Zealous for the true Religion or eminent for Learning either as general Schollers or peculiarly learned in any kinde As the Argument is double Religion and Learning and the persons double Religious and Learned so I should be glad if it might conduce any way to the advancing of the esteem at least of the true Religion and Learning to the setling of men in the true Religion and incouraging of them in all good Literature You have here a Catalogue of the famous Witnesses of Christ against Antichrist of the Champions for Truth the glorious Reformers and blessed Martyrs to win you to the liking of and constancy in the true Religion You have also here a roll of the famous Linguists and Artists the learned Lawyers Physicians Divines ancient and modern Protestants and Papists the learned Poets Philosophers Historiographers Orators learned men and women to allure you to a good opinion at least of Learning as that which is so many wayes usefull both to Civil and Christian societies I might here expatiate in the just praises of England for the purity of its Doctrine in Religion and also for the many learned Authors here bred and fostered But because I speak somewhat of it in the Book I shall be the briefer here As the Separation made by our first Reformers was most just for the Idolatry and Cruelty of the Romish Church Revel 17. 5 6. notwithstanding the great charge of Schism against us by the Romanists so the English have since the first Reformation here happily begun in the Reign of that pious Prince Edward the sixth and sealed with the bloud of many holy Martyrs in the dayes of Queen Mary maintained and countenanced that pure Religion which may fitly be called their Palladium England is celebrated abroad by the name of the ringing Island and it may justly ascribe the great fertility and plenty of outward blessings it enjoyes to the free entertainment it hath given to the Gospel and the true Professours of it But let us take heed of imitating Holland too much in an Universal Toleration of all Religions shall I say or opinions least what Baudius applies to them agree too fitly to us Sed vivimus hic non solum in regno libertatis verum etiam licentiae Baud. Epist. cent â— Epist. â—8 For learned men if there were Athenae Anglicae as there are Athenae Batavae and Belgicae and as Leland Balaeus Godwin of old so some judicious pen would reckon up the Viri Illustres of later times here in England I doubt not but there would be a great number of English Heroâ—s Pithaeus Praefat. in Quintiliani Declamationes reckons up many learned Frenchmen Archbishop Spotswood in his History of Scotland mentions many learned Scotchmen l. 1. p. 22 23. I shall endeavour to marshall up some of our English Schollers For the multitude of Divines and Preachers of this Nation I shall need to say little it being generally acknowledged that we herein surpasse the rest of the Reformed Churches The ancient great lights of our Church were Iuell Humfrie Fox Whiâ—gift Fulk Whitaker Rainolds Bilson Greenam Babington Eedes Holland Abbot Perkins Field Hooker Overall Willet White Mason Elton Randall Stock The later are Davenant Hall Morton Ward Bromwrick Boise Preston Stoughton Stbbes Goâ—ge Hill Reynolds Seaman Harris Vines Tucknie Strong Arrowsmith Martial Owen Goodwin Calamy Caryl Baxter Marshal Burgess Manton Blake For English Schoolmen I say enough in Merton-Colledge For Humanists Burton Farnaby For Linguists Hebricians of old Baines Pacie Wakefield Of later time Fuller Lively Broughton Ainsworth Grecians Downes Cheek Hales Sir Henry Savil Du Port. For Grammarians Linacer Grant For Historians Matthew Paris Matthew Westminster Huntingdon Gulielmus Malmesburiensis Sir Walter Raleigh Wheare For Logicians Brerewrod Crakanthorpe Sanderson For Poets of old Chaucer Spenser Ockland Of late Alabaster Serjeant Hoskius Herbert For Mathematicians Roger Bacon Iohannes de Sacro-bosco Brigges Lydiat Pell Oughtred For Philosophers Sir Francis Bacon Gilbert For learned Physicians D r Butler D r Harvy For learned Antiquaries Leland Camden Sir Henry Spelman Selden For Cosmographers Purchas Hues For learned women Queen Elizabeth the Lady Iane Gray and Weston Some may perhaps think it may savour of flattery for me to mention the living amongst the other learned men deceased Nam vivorum ut magna admiratio ita censura difficilis est Paterc Hist. l. 2. To that I answer Some of those Latine Authors which write of illustrious men speak of divers that were then living 2. Those that are well acquainted with my temper will not I suppose much charge me with adulation and the ordinary way of honourably mentioning Authors in quotations little differs from this I hope what I say in that kinde will incourage and not puff up any As I may through mistake insert some here who perhaps were neither eminent for Religion nor Learning so I hope no man will imagine that I take upon me to give so compleat an enumeration as to omit none that were too difficult a Province for me to undertake if the most here be such as will agree with the running Title I hope none will interprete it exclusively as if these alone were such I have cause to bless God that this Subject is profitable as those others I have formerly laboured in and hope that as they have been generally well-esteemed of for who can expect to please all so this likewise will be favourably entertained by those that are candid and judicious which is the desire of Thy Affectionate Friend EDWARD LEIGH The Names of such BOOKS as this AUTHOR hath Published 1. CRitica Sacra on the Hebrew of the Old Testament and on the Greek of the New Testament Fol. 2. Annotations on all the New Testament Fol. 3. A Systeme or Body of Divinity Fol. 4. A Treatise of Divine Promises 12 o. 5. Analecta or Observations on the twelve first Caesars 8 o. 6. The Saints Incouragement in Evil Times 12 o. 7. A Phylological Commentary or an Illustration of the most obvious and usefull Words in the Law 8 o. 8. A Treatise of Religion and Learning Fol. A TREATISE OF RELIGION AND Learning BOOK I. OF RELIGION CHAP. I. Of Religion in general RELIGION is the chief thing which distinguisheth a man from a beast the Elephant and some bruits have a shadow of reason but Religion is peculiar to men or reasonable creatures at least therefore Gesner as I remember saith the Pigmies are a kinde of Apes and not men because they have no Religion I Shall in the entrance to this Work shew 1. That Religion is 2. What Religion is 1. That it is Some of the Arguments which prove that
exercise of their Religion and their Synagogues viz. at Amsterdam I shall not need I hope to say much against their Toleration the thing is so grosly evil and of that dangerous consequence to a Protestant State D r Downam Bishop of Derry preaching before the Lord Deputy and the State at Christ Church in Dublin in Ireland Novemb. 26. 1626. produced the judgement of four and twenty Bishops whereof only now the most reverend Primate of Armagh is living against it Whose reasons I shall here insert First It is to make our selves accessory not only to the Papists Superstitions Idolatry Heresies and in a word to all their abominations of Popery but also which is a consequence of the former to the perdition of the seduced people which perish in the deluge of the Catholick Apostasie Secondly To grant them a Toleration in respect of money to be given or contribution to be made by them is to set Religion to sale and withall the souls of the people whom Christ our Saviour hath redeemed with his most precious bloud And as it is a great sinne so it is matter of most dangerous consequence and beseeching God to make all in Authority zealous of Gods glory and the Advancement of the true Religion resolute and couragious against all Popery Superstition and Idolatry he said Let all the people say Amen which they did with a loud acclamation It is a Question propounded by Helvicus An Iudaei à Magistratu Christiano tolerandi quomodo tractandi Whether the Jews be to be tolerated by the Christian Magistrate and how they are to be handled He saith it is a perplex Question by reason of the different judgements He propounds first divers Arguments of those which hold they are altogether to be cast out of a Christian Commonwealth by reason of those horrible blasphemies which daily both in their ordinary prayers and in their speeches they belch out against Christ the Virgin Mary our faith and all Christians in general and for other reasons which he there alledgeth Secondly He urgeth other Arguments to prove that the Jews are not to be cast out but tolerated under the Christian Magistrate because by that means many of them may be converted by continual converse with the Christians and the Scripture seems evidently to confirm that Hosea 3. 4. Zephany 3. 7. Luke 21. 24. Romans 11. 25 26. And because they may be serviceable to them against the Pagans and for other reasons He himself goes the middle way and layes down his opinion in certain Propositions First It is better for Jews to live amongst Christians then under Turks or Infidels Secondly The blasphemies of Jews are not to be tolerated but to be prohibited and most severely punished by Christians Thirdly The Jews are to be esteemed among Christians as the servants of servants that is so to be handled that they are exiles and cast off by God himself They are not to have any publick office They are not to practise that unjust Usury for which they are so infamous amongst Christians They are to have also said he some outward mark in their garments by which they may be distinguished from others and to be forced to hear Sermons Many other Cautions doth he give in the receiving of them As for the Toleration of the Jews whosoever they be that suffer the exercise of their Religion with the blasphemies they commonly use against Christ make themselves guilty of all their wickednesse which the Lord keep this Land from as well as from the abomination of the Masse The Pope can tolerate the blasphemy oâ— the jews and the filthinesse of all the Curtisans and Stews and take a yearly rent oâ— them for it and for no respect will allow the exercise of our most holy Religion either in his own Dominions or wheresoever he may prevail against us Travers Answ to a Popish Treatise written to the Lords of the Councel The End of the first Book THE SECOND BOOK OF Learning CHAP. I. I. Of the Dignity and Excellency of Learning THere are three kindes of things to be desired One That which draws us to it self by its own force Non emolumento captans aliquo sed trahens sua dignitate as Virtue Knowledge and Truth 2. Another which is desired for fruit and profit as money A third which draws us both by its own force and dignity and by profit the more to desire it as friendship and a good Name Learning is the perfection of reason it was so prized by the Heathens that they thought a learned man to differ as much from an unlearned as a man from a beast Humane Learning delivers the minde from wildenesse and barbarism Scilicet ingenuas didicisse fideliter Artes. Emollit mores nec sinit esse feros Ovid. de Pont. Artibus ingenuis quarum tibi maxima cura est Pectora molleseunt asperitasque fugit Ovid. ad Gracinum Nemo adeo ferus est qui non mitescere possit Si modo culturae patientem accommodet aurem Horat. But the accent had need be put upon fideliter as Sir Francis Bacon well observes for a superficial knowledge doth rather work a contrary effect Ego benè literatos viros eo benigniores candidioresque semper expertus sim quo magis ingenio eruditione pollerent Pier. Valer. Hieroglyph lib. 23. cap. 4. He instanceth there in Pâ—ntanus Antonius Sabellicus Pâ—mponius Laetus and shews how candid and courteous they were to all and concludes Iacobi Sadoleti nomen aetate nostra in modestiae abiit appellationem How much more effectual is divine learning Esa. 11. 9. Secondly It mitigates the fear of death and adversity If a mans minde be seasoned with the contemplation of mortality and the corruptible nature of things he will be ready to concurre with Epictetus who going forth one day saw a woman weeping for her pitcher of earth and going forth the next day he saw another weeping for her sonne said Heri vidi fragilem frangi hodiè vidi mortalem mori Thirdly The pleasure and delight of Knowledge and Learning far surpasseth all other pleasure and delight Therefore the Egyptians Caldeans Grecians Romans have so highly prized humane wisdome that they were willing to undergo any labour or cost for the purchasing of it To finde wit in Poetry in Philosophy profoundnesse in Mathematicks acutenesse in History wonder of events in Oratory sweet eloquence in Divinity supernatural light and holy devotion as so many rich medals in their proper mines whom would it not ravish with delight Fourthly It doth perpetuate and immortalize ones memory Excellent to this purpose is that of Seneca Nomen Attici perire Ciceronis Epistolae non sinunt Nihil illi profuisset gener Agrippa Tiberius progener Drusus Caesar pronepos inter tam magna nomina taceretur nisi Cicero illum aperuisset Seneca Epist. 21. Homers verses continued five and twenty Centuries of years and above without the losse of a syllable or
any time led to the Bath by his servants he would make figures in the ashes and upon his anointed body He is said to have composed a Sphere of transparent glasse representing unto the life the whole frame of the Heavens wherein the Sun Moon and Stars with their true motions periods and limits were shewed to the sight in such sort as if it were natural Petrus Aretinus He wrote so well on the Penitential Psalms that he was called Divine Aretine yet he hath written very lasciviously in Italian He was studiosissimus morum Explorator Leonardus Aretinus a most learned Historian Orator and Philosopher his works are mentioned by Boissard Benedictus Aretius inter suos plerisquc scriptis editis clarus Thuanus His three Works viz. his Commentary upon the New Testament his Problems or Common-places and his Examen Theologicum made his name illustrious He was Professour of Divinity at Bern. Architas Tarentinus He was esteemed the rarest Mathematician of his time Ioannes Argyropylus he was of Constantinople He was Politians Master in Philosophy and a learned Scholar He translated some Books of Aristotles more elegantly then faithfully Ioannes Argenterius a learned Physitian but too forward in censuring Galen and other of the Ancients Aristophanes a great Comedian He was the first that called himself Philologus as Pythagoras was the first that called himself Philosophus Facetissimus quidem sed obscaenissimus veteris Comaediae scriptor Dilher Disput. Acad. Chrysostom laid him under his pillow Gregorius Ariminensis 1386. A learned and a famous man He disputed about the Doctrine of Grace and Free-will as we now and dissented from the Sophisters and Papists counting them new Pelagians CHAP. IV. ARistotle he was born at Stagira in Macedon He was Plato's Scholar and the chief of the Peripateticks Sectam condidit omnium longè nobilissimam quam Peripateticam vocarunt eo quòd inter ambulandam artes commentationesque suas discipulis tradâ—ret Castellanus de vitis Medicorum He was not only the Master and Patriark of Philosophy Logick and Rhetorick but also especially learned in Poetry both in respect of the Art and the composing of verses Lil. Gyrald de Poet. Hist. Dial. 3. He was Master to Alexander the great of whom he was much esteemed for his sake he repaired his Countrey Stagira being much decayed He alone both invented and perfected the whole Art of Logick Vide Crakanth Log. l. 4. c. 4. 16. Crakanthorpe in his Treatise De Providentia proves that Aristotle did not deny Gods Providence and that the Book De mundo is his He is called the Philosopher by an excellency Richard Fitzrauf or Fitzraf Armachanus 1350. Among those famous Clerks that lived in the family of Richard Angervill Bishop of Durham in the dayes of Edward the third Thomas Bradwardine who was afterward Bishop of Canterbury Richard Fitzrause afterward Archbishop of Armagh and Robert Holcot the Dominican were of special note Richard of Armagh my Countrey-men commonly call S. Richard of Dundalk because he was there born and buried B. Ush. Answ. to the Jes. Challenge of Merits He wrote against the Mendicant Friers and should have been canonized but for them A man for his life and learning so memorable as the condition of those dayes then served that the same dayes then as they had but few good so had they none almost his better He was first brought up in the University of Oxford in the study of all liberal knowledge wherein he did exceedingly profit under Iohn Bakenthorp his Tutor There were thirty thousand Students in Oxford in his time Foxes Act. and Monum Vol. 1. p. 532. to 543. He wrote seven Books De paupertate Salvatoris wherein he proves that Christ was not a beggar Iacobus Arminius He was a learned man and as some say of a strict life for a Dutchman He hath written Disputat 24. de diversis Christianae Religionis capitibus Orationes Controversiae Theologicae Examen libelli Guil. Perkinsii De Praedestinatione amplitudine gratiae divinae analysis cap. 9. ad Romanos De gemino sensu cap. 7. ad Romanos Amica cum Fr. Junio per literas habita collatio de Praedestinatione Arnobius lived in the year of our Lord 300. He was the chiefest man of his time for Latine eloquence He was Lactautius his Master both of them wrote seven very learned books against the Heathens consisting of many of their own testimonies produced against them Arnoldus de Villa Nova a Spaniard a man famously learned and a great writer anno 1250. whom the Pope with his spiritualty condemned among Hereticks for holding and writing against the corrupt errours of the Popish Church Caius de antiqu Cantab. Acad. l. 1. saith He lived an Dom. 1300. when Raimundus â—ullius and Roger Bacon flourished in England Arianus a Greek Historian very faithfull he writes the things done by Alexander the Great as Q. Curtius doth in Latine in an elegant style He imitates Xenophon therefore he is called another and a lesser Xenophon He wrote well also upon Epictetus Arzahel a great Astronomer Asconius Pedianus a famous Historian Roger Aâ—â—ham Secretary for the Latine to Queen Elizabeth the only Englishman who hath written a Volume of Latine Epistles they were published by Doctor Grant He was very intimate with Io. Sturmio as the Epistles written between them shew though he never saw him Two only of his Books Toxophylus and his Schoolmaster with a little Tract of his Travels in Germany are published in English He flourished in the year of our Lord 1540. Aspasia a great Philosopher she was the Mistresse of Pericles and at length his wife Plut. in Pericles Angelus Politianus in an Epistle to Cassandra that learned Venetian maid mentions Aspasia and many other learned women and saith that Sex is not naturally slow or dull So doth Thevet Vies des hommes illustres in Sappho Athanasius Bishop of Alexandria He was worthy in honour to be immortal in the Church according to his name He was the wonder of all the world for his learning piety and constancy standing like an unshaken Rock against the Sea of Arian Errors He was called Haereticorum Mallens and was one of the chiefest in the Councel of Nice He foretold the destruction of Iulian the Emperour when by his Edict he was cast out of Alexandria he said to his hearers bewailing his exile Bono animo estote filioli nubecula est brevi evanescet Be of good courage my children it is but a little Cloud and will soon vanish away He lived say some six years in a Well without the light of the Sun forsaken of friends and every where hunted by enemies The Great Athanasius he was Great for his learning for his vertue for his labour and for his sufferings but above all Great for his Creed B. And. Opusc. Posth Speech in Star-Chamb against M. Trask Athenagoras an Athenian Philosopher who
the Hebrew Text the second and third answer to the Greek Text and Chaldee Paraphrase In the fifth Volume the New Testament is contained in Greek and Syriack with a double Latine Interpretation one of which is the vulgar the other expresseth the propriety of the Syriack Text being written by Guido Fabricius Boderianus one very skilfull in the Syriack In the sixth seventh and eight Tomes is the Apparatus Sacer. In the sixth the Old Testament in Hebrew with the Latine Interpretation of Pagnine and Arias Montanus and the New in Greek with the vulgar Latine Interpretation and the other of Arias Montanus In the seventh Tome the Grammatical precepts of the Languages and the Dictionaries of them Hebrew Syriack Chaldee and Greek are contained In the eighth and last Tome there are singular Books of Arias Montanus his and the Variae Lectiones gathered by the most learned with greatest study with two Indexes Since that came out Iay the Advocates Bible in France who hath been at great charge in printing the Bible in Hebrew and in other oriental Languages wherein there are two Volumes supernumerary which have the Samaritane Pentateuch and a Translation of it a Syriack Translation of the Old Testament and an Arabick Translation of the whole Bible with Latine Translations to each of them but it hath not the Interlineary nor any Apparatus It is very corruptly printed Now there is here printing in England a Bible which will exceed the French Bible because it sets forth all uno conspectu whereas that is in several Volumes and hath the best Editions of each the vulgar Latine of Clement the 8 th and the LXX of Sixtus Quintus their authentick Editions and it hath the variety of readings of the Alexandrian Copy on the LXX in the Margent the Chaldee Paraphrase of Buxtorfs Edition It hath also the Interlineary Translation of the Hebrew Bible and the Ethiopick Translation of the New Testament Some emendations of the Latine Translation of the Samaritane Pentateuch and in the Apparatus the variety of readings of all the Texts There are Biblia Hebraica with the Targum and divers Commentaries of the Rabbies There are Biblia Tigâ—rina begun by Leo Iudae and finished by other Reformed Divines published by Robert Steven with Notes annexed There are Biblia Latina à Sixto Edita There is the Latine Bible translated by Immanuel Tremellius and Francis Iunius with their Notes There is the Latine Bible with the ordinary Glosse of Strabus Fuldensis the brother of Beda the Postils of Nich. de â—yra and the additions of Paulus Burgensis There is the French Bible reviewed by the Professours of Genevah There is the Italian Bible by Diodate Scaliger saith he makes use of it stil at his study There is the Spanish Bible of Cypriano Valera well approved of Theodorus Bibliander was a good Linguist Vir multijugae eruditionis Thuanus Besides many other learned Works which he hath written he hath also published a Commentary De Ratione Communi omnium Linguarum Literarum Gab. Biel. 1480. Nicolaus Biesius a learned Dutchman He published an Oration Pro Studiis Literarum two Books De dicendi Arte two Books De Universate five Books De Natura and four De Republica a little Book De Opinionum varietate Commentaries in Galeni Artem the Method and Theory of Physick Hieron Bignonius Who may be called the Varro of this Age. Eberardus Bilichius He died at Trent coming thither to the Councel Iacobus Billius Primaeus a very learned man He was famous for his exact knowledg in the Greek Tongue which he specially exercised in illustrating the Greek Fathers He translated Nazianzene into Latine and illustrated it with Scholia There are also Sacrae Observationes and Sacra Anthalogia of his with divers French works mentioned by Antoine du Verdier in his Bibliotheque Thomas Bilney a learned and godly Martyr I have spoken of him elswhere Thomas Bilnius Concionator vehemens litterarum virtutis existimatione celebris Camp Narrat Divâ—rt Henrici octavi Thomas Bilson His rising was meerly by his Learning He hath written Survey of Christs Sufferings De perpetua Ecclesiae Christi Gubernatione Answer to the Apology Lâ—lius Bisciola an Italian His Hâ—rae subcesivae are commended by Alegambe containing excellent things in all kinde of Philology Bilibaldus Birkheimerus He was born at Norimberg Anno 1501. A great Mathematician and most familiar with Erasmus for his great learning He wrote a Description of Germany and divers other works mentioned by Boissard Peter Blesensis 1160. a worthy learned man he spared not at times sharply to reprehend the enormities of the Clergy Divers of his Epistles are yet to be seen wherein he rebuketh the arrogancy of Thomas Becket Archbishop first in England then at Roane David Blondell In antiquitate Ecclesiastica versatissimus Rivetus Grot. discript dialys Sect. 10. He is very well versed in Ecclesiastical Antiquities Bochart speaking of Church-Government saith Blondellus vir piissimus supra fidem in hisce doctus Bocharti Epist. He hath published many learned Works in Latine and French Pseudo Isidorus Turianus Vapulantes Modeste Delaration De La Sinceritè Veritè Des Eglises Reformees de France An Answer to Cardinal Perâ—on and other Works Flavius Blondus a famous Historian and Secretary to many Popes deserves well of Antiquity for the age in which he lived He died poor at Rome Ut Philosophum decuit as it became a Philosopher saith Boxhornius He wrote three Decads De gestis Romanorum a Book of Epistles and another of Orations and divers others He died Anno salutis Christianae 1363. Ludovicus Blosius Abbas Laetiensis Ioannes Bocatius a famous Poet of Hetruria as Petrarch also but too obscene Petrarch was his Master His Life is written by Papirius Massonus He put forth a Book De Genealogia Deorum which contains fourteen Tomes and many others mentioned by Boissard in his Icones He died in the â—3 year of his age Trajanns â— Boccalinus Sir Isaac Wake called his Collections of Pernassus the first Satyre in prose and Master Selden said he would rather lose any humane Book in his study then that Samuel Bochart an able French Divine Pastor of the Church of Canâ— who hath written a learned Treatise De Geographia Sacra M r Pocock in his learned Miscellaneous Notes in Portam Mosis c. 3. styles him Virum longe doctissimum and quoting that Book saith In illo diffusae eruditionis opere Peter du Moulin dedicates his Antibar barian to him and styles him his Nephew CHAP. VIII JOhn Bodin a Papist but an ingenuous and judicious Writer of great and good note as well among Protestants as Papists Scriptis ad posteritatem victuris satis clarus Thuan. Hist. Tom. 3. l. 63. Possevine dislikes his Methodus Historica because he makes such honourable mention of the Protestants there Voetius in his Biblioth l. 2. Sect. prior c. 1.
the Translator subject and obnoxious unto errour Hist. of the Counc of Trent l. 2. p. 155. Cajetane is commended for an incomparable Divine by Sixtus Senensis Bibl. 4. Tit. Thomas and for the most Learned man of his time by Pererus the Jesuite Comment in illa verba Gen. Creavit Deus c. Vide Leand. Albert. Descript. tot Ital. Gerh. l. 2. Cathol Confess Art 1. c. 1. P. Victor Cajetanus Palma He hath put out Paradigmata de quatuor Linguis Orientalibus Praecipuis Ioannes Caius a Learned Doctor of Physick of Cambridge He hath written a Book de Libris propriis and besides Commentaries or Annotations upon divers Physick Books and other Books Translated or Corrected by him He mentions these De Medendi Mothode Two books De Ephemera Britannica Three books De Antiquitate Cantabrig Academiae Two books De Historia Cantabrig Academiae Two books De Rariorum animalium atque stirpium Historia One book De Symphonia vocum Britannicarum One book De Thermis Britannicis One book De Antiquis Britanniae urbibus One book De Libris propriis One book De Pronunciatione Graeca Latinae Linguae cum scriptione nova One book De Annalibus Collegii One book De Annalibus Collegii Gonevilli Caii One book Compendium Erasm. lib. de vera Theologia One book Iulius Casar a great Conquerer and as great a Scholar He hath published his own Acts both truly and purely His Commentaries shew his great Eloquence Gest a not asse opus est ingens gessisse notanda Majus opus princeps Caesar utrunquefacit Manutius in his Preface on Caesars Commentaries much commends Caesar and his Commentaries Huic ipsi Caesari atque iterum Terentio ob proprietatem ac nativam Romani sermonis elegantiam proximum post Tullium damus locum Voss. Institut Orat. l. 4. c. 1. Sect. 9. In procinctu ac pene in acie quoque ipsa rerum suarum Commentarios it a diligenter conficiebat ut nihil a quo quam tam putetur accurate prescriptum quod non illorum purissima elegantia superetur Polit. Epist. l. 10. Epist. 1. Domitius Calderinus Veronensis He was a good Grammarian He hath published three books of Observations a Comment on Martiall and Notes on Ovids Epistles Vir fuit acris ingenii multaeque in literis industriae Latinae linguae diligentissimus Graecae non incuriosus non prosam condere absurdus non carmen Nimium sui tamen quod opera ipsius testantur admirator ac pro sententiae cui semel adhaeserat etiam contra verum contumax refractarins Polit. Miscel. Cent. 1. c. 9. Vide plura ibid. Epist. l. 3. Epist. 19. Ambr. Calepinus There is his Dictionarium Latino Graecum cum addit Pauli Manutii Dictionarium 10 Linguarum Georgius Calixtus a most learned man Professor Theologus Helmstadiensis Theologorum Germaniae nostrae bodie princeps sine pari Georgius Calixtus amicus olim Collega noster non è multis Meibomii Maecenas c. 24. He hath written an Harmony styled Concordia quatuor Evangelicorum Scriptorum and Tractatus de arte nova Iohn Calvin One of the soundest Divines and of deepest judgement in matters of Religion both of Doctrine and of Discipline that God gave to his Church this 1000 years M r Travers Steven Pasquier a French Writer and a Papist doth much extoll his Piety Wit and Learning in his Recherches de la France l. 8. ch 55. Estoit-il homme bien escrivant tant en Latin que Francois anquel nostre langue Francoise est grande ment redeuable pour l'avoir enrichie d' vne infinite des beaux traicts et à la mieme volanté que c'eust estè au meilleur subiet An demeurant homme merueilleusement versé et nourry aux liures de la saincte escriture et tel que s'il cast tournè son esprit à la bonne voye il pouuoit estre mis an parangon de plus signalez Docteurs de l' Eglise He was a good Writer both in Latine and French and one to whom our French Language is exceedingly obliged for having enriched it with many good Treatises and I would they had been upon a better subject He was marvellously versed and skilled in the books of the holy Scripture and such a one that if he had turned his spirit the good way he might have been set for a Paragon of the most famous Doctors of the Church This and more he hath there of him I willingly acknowledge him to have been an excellent instrument in the Church of God and a man of a deep judgement specially in the Exposition of holy Scripture which I think none condemn more then those who have read him least yet withall I freely confess he had his errours D r Hackw Apol. l. 5. Suos naevos haebuit quanquam in doctrina sua nihil penitus mutavit quod rarum est in eo presertim qui tam multa scripserit Mori Calvinus Vide plura ibid. His Works have been so profitable to the Church of God that they have been in France Germany Italy Spain Transylvania Polonia England Scotland His Institutions and Commentaries upon almost all the Scripture are generally well esteemed One writes thus of his Institutions Praeter Apostolicas post Christi tempora chartas Huic peperere libro secula nulla parem His French Works are mentioned by Antoine Du Verdier in his Bibliotheque None hath more solidly refuted the Libertines then he Sethus Calvisius Cantor a Learned Chronologer Giraldus Cambrensis There is Rerum Hibernicarum appendix eum Ric. Stanhurst William Camden our British Pausanias He that is studious of the British History let him in the first place reade Camdens Britain where besides a most accurate description of the whole Island he may learn the name of Britany the manners of the Britains and the History of the Romans in Britain and many other things most worthy to be known gathered summarily out of the incorrupt Monuments of ancient Antiquity His Annals also of the English and Irish affairs in the Reign of Q. Elizabeth are excellent He was Schoolmaster of Westminster School and his Monument is in Westminster Abbie He lost a Scholars place in Oxford in Queen Maries daies because of his Religion Pope Urbane the 8 th who had the Pictures of divers Learned men in his Gallery had only the Pictures of two English men Sir Thomas Moore and Master Camden The first Learned man which Peireskius met with in England was William Camden ille de sua Britannia bene meritus Gassend De Vita Peireskii l. 2. Ioach. Camerarius He was the great honour of Germany He was exquisitely skilled in the Greek Tongue a godly and wise man Adhane autem in omnibus bonis disciplinis eruditionem accesserat pietas singularis prudentia longo rerum usu confirmata Bez. Icon. Vir. Illust. Ioachimus plus habere videtur curae quam naturae Eras. Epist. l.
hath written a fine Treatise De La Sagesse if he be not beholding to others for it Galfridus Chaucerus Ieffery Chaucer he was born in Oxfordshire He first of all so illustrated the English Poetry that he may be esteemed our English Homer He is our best English Poet and Spencer the next Praedicat Algerum meritò Florentia Dantem Italia numeros tota Petrarcha tuos Anglia Chaucerum veneratur nostra Poeta Cui Veneres debet patria lingua suas Lel. lib. Epig. He seems in his Works to be a right Wiclevian as that of the Pellican and Griffin shews He was an acute Logician a sweet Rhetorician a facetious Poet a grave Philosopher and a holy Divine His Monument is in Westminster Abbey Chaucerus linguam patriam magna ingenii solertia ac cultura plurimùm ornavit itemque alia cum Joannis Mone poema de arte amandi Gallicè tantùm legeretur Anglico illud metro feliciter reddidit Voss. De Histor Lat. l. 3. c. 2. Antoine de Chandieu a learned French Divine Beza highly commends his Book of the Marks of the true Church There are other Works also of his De l' unique Sacrifice Contre les Traditions Sir Iohn Cheek He was Schoolmaster to King Edward the 6 th and most skilfull in Greek and Latine He was Publique Oratour and Greek Reader in Cambridge In the discharge of the later he went over Sophocles twice all Homer all Euripides and part of Herâ—dotus Roger Ascham in the first Book of his Epistles speaking of him and Sir Thomas Smith saith Qui si adscribendum se dedissent nec in Sadoleto Italia nec in Longolio Gallia justius quam in istis duobus Anglia gloriata fuisset He was the first Regius Professour of the Greek Tongue in Cambridge as Sir Thomas Smith was of Law They were both Fellows of the same Colledge both Professours in the same University both Officers of State in the same Court both wrote De pronunciatione linguae Graecae They two especially by their advice and example brought the study of Tongues and other politer Learning first into request in Cambridge Under God Sir Iohn Cheek was a special instrument of the propagation of the Gospel and that religion which we now professe in this Kingdom For he not only sowed the seeds of that Doctrine in the heart of Prince Edward which afterward grew up iuto a general Reformation when he came to be King but by his means the same saving truth was gently instilled into the Lady Elizabeth by those who by his procurement were admitted to be the Guides of her younger studies In Henry the eighths time his friends and familiars were most of those worthy men which proved Reformers in King Edwards dayes and either Martyrs or exiles in Queen Maries His forreign acquaintance were Sleidan Melancthon Sturmius Bucer Camerarius Celius Peter Martyr and others great Scholars and good Protestants He went into Low-Germany Ut uxorem educeret saith Sleiden to fetch his wife from thence These words were corrupted into Uxorem duceret by Thuanus and others for he was married before In his return from Bruxwels to Antwerp he was apprehended by a Provost-Martial from King Philip and so conveighed speedily away to the Tower of London He was there by threatnings and other wayes brought to a recantation for which he was after much troubled and so died Sir Iohn Cheeks Works were Introductio Grammatices l. 1. De Ludi magistrorum officio l. 1. De Pronunciatione linguae Graecae Correctiones Herodoti Thucididis Platonis Demosthenis Xenophontis lib. plurimis Epitaphia l. 1. Panegyricus in nativitatem Edvardi Principis Elegia de aegrotatione obitu Edvardi 6 ti In obitum Antonii Dennei l. 1. De obitu Buceri Commentarii in Psalmum 139. alios An liceat nubere post Divortium lib. 1. De Fide justificante lib. 1. De aqua lustrali cineribus palmis ad Wintoniensem l. 1. De Eucharistiae Sacramento l. 1. Collegit in Parliamento argumenta rationes ex utraque parte super negotio Eucharistiae Libellus de damno ex seditione He translated also other things out of Greek into Latine and out of English into Latine Martinus Châ—mnitius A most famous and learned Doctor of Divinity in the Church of Brunswick His Harmony and other Theological writings are most profitable especially that excellent Work or rather most rich Theological Bibliotheque which contains both a Refutation of the Councel of Trent and also an Explication of the whole Doctrine of the Church to be read daily by all to whom the knowledge of the truth is welcome saith Neander Andreas du Chesne the King of France his Geographer He hath put out divers French Books Renatus Chopinus There are several Books of his Monasticon De Sacra Politia De Civil Paris moribus De domanio Franciae Privilegiis Rusticorum Panegyricus Henrici quarti and other Works Emanuel Chrysoloras of Constantinople He first brought back again the Greek Language after seven hundred years and Learning into Italy writing a Grammar and he stirred up the Europeans against Bajazet Pezel Mellif Histor. part 3. See Antoine du Verdier his Preface to his Bibliotheque He came to Italy under Boniface the 9 th and first taught at Venice then at Florence afterward he went to the Councel of Constance there he was put to death and was praised at his Funeral by Poggius his Scholar Petrus Chrysologns the golden spoken man He was Archbishop of Ravenna 450 years after Christ. His Works are in one Volume Iohn Chrysostome Anno Dom. 400. 398. saith Calvisius A Greek and Ecclesiastical writer a writer no lesse profitable then copious no lesse copious then sweet Quo nemo ex antiquis aut majore dexteritate scripturas tractavit aut populum docuit salubrius aut haereticos oppugnavit acrius quo nemo aut ad virtut is studia inflammavit vehementius aut vitia sui temporis insectatus est liberius Bois in the Preface to his Notes upon Chrysostomes third Tome Post sacra Biblia Paulinas imprimis Epistolas nullum novi scriptum in quo qui concionatores sunt Graece non nesciunt majore cum fructu versentur quam in beata Chrysostomi homiliis quas it a numeros as reliquit ut nemo plures it a bonas ut nemo meliores it a disertas dilucidas ut nihil ne excogitari quidem possit disertum aut dilucidum magis Bois ibid. The soundest Interpreter I think of all the Greek and Latine Fathers D r Hackw Apol. l. 5. The Christian Demosthenes Although he very well answeres his name yet he sometimes redounds with words and seems immoderate in digressions Eras. Epist. l. 28. Epist. 7. He doth excellently on the New Testament There is Opus imperfectum on Matthew in Latine of which there is nothing to be found in the Greek books of Chrysostomes Opus sine
1503. a very Learned Protestant Vir doctus literarum humaniorum apud Basilienses Professor Zanch. Epist. He hath put out Miscellanies a Book De amplitudine regni Dei De utilitate legendae Historiae and other Works Vide Boissard Icones His sonne also Caelius Aug. Curio hath published Hieroglyphicks and other Works Quintus Curtius writes pure Latine He flourished under the Emperour Vespasian Petrus Curtius He hath published a Work De Civitate Castellana Faliscorum Nic. de Cusa or Cusanus a Germane by Nation Doctor of Divinity and afterward Cardinall He is commended by Trithemius for the most skilfull in the Scriptures of all the Divines of his time D. Cypriauus Anno Dom. 250. 244 saith Helvicus 240 Illyricus He was Bishop of Carthage and Crowned with Martyrdom He wrote a famous Treatise of Mortality to comfort men against death in the time of a great plague His Book de Unitate Ecclesiae is most cited and commended Eruditissimus Cyprianus tam vitae sanctitate quam facundia clarus Pier. Valer. Herog l. 22. c. 4. His Deacon Pontianus wrote the story of his Life and Sufferings Cyrillus Alexandrinus Cyrill Bishop of Alexandria 430. He is styled Fortis Athleta by Photius that valiant Champion of the Church nay he is styled Beatus Cyrillus twice for condemning the Nestorian Heresie Lives of the Primitive Fath. He wrote ten Books against Iulian the Apostate which being joyned to his other works are full of Learning Cyrillus Hierosolymitanus Cyrill Bishop of Ierusalem Anno Dom. 370. His Cateshism is yet extant Cyrill Patriarch of Constantinople There is his Confessio Fidei CHAP. XV. D JOhn Daillè a Learned French Divine My Lord Falkland and M r Chillingworth made very much use of him in all their Writings against the Romanists The Lord Falkland was wont to say it was worth a voyage to Paris to be acquainted with him he cals him our Protestant Perron He hath written severall Books in French and Latine One Of the Right use of the Fathers translated into English and highly esteemed Against Milletier A most accurate Commentary De Imaginibus An Apology for the French Churches A most accurate Demonstration of Faith out of the Scriptures De Satisfactionibus Poenis De Pseudepigraphis De Iejuniis Quadragesima an elegant Piece Iohn Damascene 740. He was born in Damascus See Act. 9. 2. One that laid the Foundation of School Divinity amongst the Greeks as Peter Lombard afterward did among the Latines He was the first amongst the Greeks which hath handled Divinity in Philosophicall terms and who wrote for the adoration of Images therefore they put him among their Saints Nicolaus Damascenus Vastissimae eruditionis vir nec sine laude nominandus Vossius de Rat. Stud. Pet. Damianus There are his Epistolae cum aliis opusculis De Institut Ecclesiast and other Works Damasus the first Pope a Spaniard He had an elegant wit in composing verses as Ierom and Suidas say He appointed the Psalms to be sung alternis vicibus in the Church and in the end of them these words were added Gloria patri filio spiritui sancto Matth. Westm. alii He first gave authority to Ieroms Writings when before the Writings of the Septuagint were only esteemed Platina Lambertus Danaeus a French Divine of Orleance Petrus Danesius He was most skilfull in the Greek tongue and Professor of it in the reign of Francis the first King of France Thuan. Hist. Tom. 3. l. 64 He was at the Councell of Trent and a Doctor of Divinity of Paris there making an Oration against the abuse of Benefices at Rome another mocking said to his fellows Gallus cantat the Frenchman sings or the Cock crows to whom Petrus Danesius wittily replied Utinam Gallicinio Petrus ad resipiscentiam fletum excitetur Olim Francisci 11. praeceptor ob id Vaurensi Episcopatu donatus homo doctissimus quanquam nullis editis scriptis meruit ut inter doctrina literis politioribus praestantes hujus aevi viros numeretur Thuan. Hist. Tom. 3. l. 63. Vide Scaev. Samarth Elog. Gall. Dante 's Aligherius Poeta sui saeculi nulli secundus Italus natione patria Florentinus Boissard Icon. His Life is written by Paprius Massonus Dante 's the first Italian Poet of note being a great and wealthy man in Florence He lived in the time of Ludovicus the Emperour about the year of our Lord 1300. and took part with Marsilius Patavinus against three sorts of men which he said were enemies to the truth that is the Pope Secondly the order of Religious men Thirdly the Doctors of Decrees and Decretals His Works are mentioned by Boissard in his Icones Dante 's quidam Aligherius quintus ut aiebat à Dante Florentino poeta Polit Miscel. Câ—nt 1. c. 19. Vide Pier. Valer. De Literatorum infelicitate l. 1. Claudius Dausqueius He hath put out these Works S. Pauli Apostoli sanctitudo in utero extra in solo incaelo Conciliabuli Dordraceni ascia Antiqui novique Lat. Orthographica Iohn Davenant Bishop of Salisbury a Learned and Judicious Divine as his Exposition of the Colossians his Praelectiones de duobus in Theologia Controversis capitibus de Iudice Controversiorum de Iustitia habltuali actuali his Determinations and other Works both in Latine and English shew Philippus Decius The most famous Lawyer of Italy in his time He died Anno salutis Christianae M. D. XXXV His Works are mentioned by Boissard and many of them in the Oxford Catalogue Pontificem Iulium secundum defendit Gerh. Confess Cath. l. 1. General part 2. c. 3. Iohn Dee a Learned Englishman There are severall Works of his published De praestantioribus naturae viribus Monas Hieroglyphica Propaedeumata Aphoristica Mathematicall Preface to Euclides Elements Parallaticae Commentationis praxeosque nucleus quidam Eruditus is tractatulus sanè appriméque ingeniosus nec parùm ad Paralaxium differentias enucleandas atque ab invicem discernendas conducens Tych. Brah. De nova Stella c. 9. His generall and rare Memorials Martinus Antonius Delrio is much commended by Philippus Alegambe in his Bibliotheca Scriptorum Societatis Iesu as a great Linguist and generall Scholar but Ioseph Scaliger in his Elench Trihaeres Serar as much slights him He hath published divers Works many of which are mentioned in Oxford Catalogue Demosthenes his force in pleading is commended Qui populum flectit de mulcet mitigat urget Nominat hunc tellus Attica vim populi Paschasii Icones His Book de Corona is most esteemed He wrote out Thucidides eight times that he might better imitate him in his Orations See in Plutarks Lives a witty reply of his to the thief Chalcus Thomas Dempster a Learned Scotchman Multisciae lectionis eruditionis vir Dilher Disput. Acad. Eruditus Scotus beneque de literis meritus Voss. de vitiis Sermonis l. 1. c. 10. He
virili parte expedivimus atque illustravimus Fulleri Miscel. c. 4. l. 6. c. 19. Inter harum literarum studiosos meritò primas tenet Nicolaus Fullerus Pocock Not. Miscel. In Portam Mosis He intended to put forth a Lexicon Sicuti in Lexico nostro apertius ostendamus sigillatim modo vita supersit aâ— studiis conâ—tibusque nostris propitius adsit calestis Pater Deus noster in secula benedictus Fulleri Miscel. l. 3. c. 10. and c. 20. of the same book he saith Quemadmodum in Lexico nostro dilucidè docuimus Vide Praefat. ejus ad l. 4. Miscel. l. 4. c. 7. The End of the third Book THE FOVRTH BOOK Of such as were Famous for ZEAL IN THE True RELIGION Or in any Kinde of Learning CHAP. I. G IO Gagneius He hath written upon all the New Testament Rob. Gagwin He wrote the French History Erasmus his intimate friend cals him a most discreet Historiographer He compares him to Salust and Livy for purity of speech and composition of his History He was sent Embassadour by the King of France into Italy England and Germany He put out some Poems Petrus Galatinus He takes all from Raimundus or Porchetus Galeacins Caraccielus an Italian Marquesse He renounced Popeâ—y and became a good Protestant Beza hath written his Life Galen a Learned Physitian of Pergamus the chiefest Physitian next Hyppocrates He coming to a shop and finding a Book under his name which he knew not of nor never saw before he wrote a Book de libris propriis The like hath Cardane and Caius of Cambridge done that their genuine writings might be known they having published many Works Some say he lived sevenscore years Galenus homo Graecus summi judicii aâ— doctrinae vir ut si quis alius sui aut insequentis temporis Caius de Pronunciat Graec. Lat. Ling. His Philosophicall and Physicall Books were printed in Greek by Aldus Manutius at Venice being distinguished into Tomes with the most copious Prefaces of Camerarius Gemaseus and Fuchsius most famous men They were Printed at Basil in a great Folio Petrus Gallandius Turnebus in the 2 d Book of his Adversaria c. 1. much commends him Inter primos liberales disciplinas in Gallia jacentes politioris doctrinae luce illustravit Aub. Mir. Elog. Belg. Many of the famous learned men of France were his Scholars amongst which Adrian Turnebus was one as he ingenuously confesseth in his Adversaria Gulilaeus Galilaeus of Florence a famous Philosopher and Mathematician He hath published many things in the Hetrurian and Latine Language Henricus Gandavensis He was born at Gaunt in the Low-Countries and was a Doctor of Sâ—rbonne and explained the Scriptures many years at Paris He wrote besides Learned Commentaries upon Aristotles Physicks and Metaphysicks a Theologicall summe and a great Volume of Quodlibeticall Questions as they called them Stephen Gardiner Bishop of Winchester a Scholar good enough as his Works shew but a great enemy to the Protestants in Q. Maries daies He died miserably as M r Fox and others bear witness He hath written a Book De vera Obedientia and other Works in English Petrus Gassendus Professor of the Mathematicks at Paris the greatest Astronomer now living Thomas Gataker of the Gatakers of Gataker in Shropshire a solid judicious and pious Divine as his divers learned Latine and English Treatises shew For the Hebrew he acknowledged himself much beholding to Lively in the 9 th Ch. of the 2 d Book of his Cinnus and for the Greek to Iohn Boyse c. 9. of the first Book See his Life He was my worthy Friend and receiving a kinde Letter from him not long before his death he thus concluded it Thus with hearty salutation of your self and yours recommending your pious indeavours and indefatigable labours to the Lords gracious protection I rest Yours assured in him T. G. Lucas Gauricus He flourished at Venice Anno Christi 1550. He was made Bishop for his Learning He wrote many things His Works are in two Tomes Pomponius Gauricus a Learned man also was his brother He hath written De Sculptura Theodorus Gaza Omnium sui temporis hominum doctissimus habitus est Boiss Icon. He was born in Greece and brought up in Italy Vir graecus ut doctis etiam videtur eruditissimus Polit. Miscel. Cent. 1. He did so happily translate Tullies Book de Senectute into Greek that he hath excellently there represented the Majesty of Tullies eloquence When he presented to Sixtus Quartus the Pope of Rome Aristotles Books de Animalibus translated out of Greek which could not be done but by one most learned in both Languages and the Book was adorned with golden plates The Pope asked what the adorning of it cost his servant telling him fourty pieces of gold he commanded so many to be given him and no more Alsted Encyclop Many of his Works are mentioned by Boissard in his Icones Geber a Learned Arabian a great Chymist and a most acute Writer but very obscure The Alchimists have on set purpose saith Theuet Vies des hommes Illustres l. 2. obscured their manner of teaching not only thereby to make their Science more wonderfull but also to hinder the most part of men from attaining it He saith there that William Postell his good Friend and companion of his Travels in the East Greece and Asia had the Almagest of Geber which is an excellent Work in the Arabick Tongue containing the Explanation of the state of the years and Ceremonies according to the Feasts and Solemnities of the Israelites Nestorians Persians and Syrians which he had got from a Jew There is in Sion Colledge Alchimia De Metallorum Investigatione Perfectione De Fornacibus construendis Explicatio librorum Gebri Raym. Lullii Gelasius primus Papa Gelasius the first of that name Pope published five Books of the two Natures of Christ against Eutiches Nestorius Two Books against Arius Sigism Gelenius He hath written Observat. Emendat in Tit. Livium Aulus Gellius In the year of our Lord 98. Ludovicus Vives censures him somewhat harshly but Stephanus defends him in his Notes upon him His Book more pleaseth with its variety then its order Agellius potius quà m Gellius dictus videtur scriptor noctium Atticarum Voss. De Anal. l. 1. c. 6. Aulus Gellius huic legiturque Agellius illi Nominibus priscis heu malè tutâ— fides Steph. Paschas Icones Some dislike the title of his Book because it shews the time when he wrote it rather then the subject of the book Geminus Sir Henry Savill terms him Elegantissimum and acutissimum Georgius Gemistius Pletho a Grecian and great Scholar He put out a defence of Plato he was Professour in Greece and taught only those of his own Nation amongst whom Bessario was one many of whose Epistles to him are extant Volat. Anthropol l. 21. Gemma Frisius a great
se castravit Novum vetus Testamentum memoriter novit Iam senex Hebraicam didicit linguam Wolfii Lect. memor Centen 3. He wrote exceeding much yet there remaineth now little in comparison of that he wrote and that so corrupted that it nothing answereth the famous report of Learning which he had in the Church in his time All his Works now extant revised by Erasmus were printed at Basil by Frobenius 1536. He was in his Age a mirrour of gravity integrity constancy zeal piety learning of all sorts both divine and humane of so happy a memory that he had the Bible without book of such admirable eloquence that not words but honey seemed to drop from his lips of so indefatigable industry that he was called Adamantius and was said by some to have written six thousand books Dr. Crakanth Vigilius Dâ—rmitans Est certè hic scriptor adeò omnibus modis impurus sive ita ipse scripsit sive depravata postea fuerunt ejus scripta ut nullam in Ecclesia authoritatem in rebus controversis mereatur Bezae Epist. 29. He often reproves him also in his Annotat. on the New Testament Orontius Fineus Professour of the Mathematicks at Paris under Francis the first He was born at Brianson a Town in Dauphinè the year of our Lord 1494. He composed five Books De Arithmetica practica Two Books De Geometria practica Five Books De mundi Sphaera Commentaries upon the six first Books of the Elements of Geometry by Euclide And divers other Works mentioned by Thevet Vies Des hommes illustres l. 6. Paulus Orosius He was Austens Scholar Nobilissimus ille rerum Christianarum Historicus Montac Exercit. 11. Orpheus a very ancient Poet long before Homer There is little of his extant Abraham Ortelius He was born in Antwerp that famous Mart of the world He was given to Geography from his youth and spared no cost or pains to perfect his knowledge therein travelling far and often for that purpose Cosmographus ad miraculum usque politissimus laboriosissimus Chyt Scol in Paraph. Ps. Buchanani His Thesaurus Geographicus is an excellent Work instar omnium and his Theatrum Lipsius Gesner and others much magnifie it Edito pulcherrimo orbis terrarum Theatro renovatâ antiquorum locorum per tabulas propriâ industria eleganter depictas memoriâ Thuan. Hist. Tom. 5. l. 120. Quo in opere saith Melchior Adam in his Life ita omnibus suam probavit industriam ut à Philippo II. illo Principe Principum Geographi Regii insignibus sit orornatus Scripsit Thesaurum Geographicum in quo omnium totius terrae regionum montium promontoriorum collium silvarum insularum portuum populorum urbium oppidorum pagorum item Oceani marium fretorum fluviorum ejusmodi nomina appellationes veteres additis magna ex parte etiam recentioribus opus eruditum lectuque jucundum Andreas Osiander Anno Christi 1498. the Epitomizer of the Centuriators skilfull in the Hebrew Greek and Latine Beza Epist. 59. cals him Phanaticum impurissimum Ecclesiarum turbatorem He held that the righteousnesse of Christ by which we are justified was his essential righteousnesse as God But 1. That is incommunicable to us 2. If that had been required to our Justification Christ needed not to have been incarnate Paul saith Rom. 5 19. We are made righteous by the obedience of one man Hier. Osorius An eloquent man and too precise a follower of Tully In his Book against Luther and Doctor Haddon he dares not name the words of Justification or Predestination And I wonder saith Mr. Fox that he dares insert the name of Christ in his Books since it is not found in Tully Nec Iustificationis aut praedestinationis vocabula ipsa vel nominare audes Ac miror equidem quod Christi nomen quod apud Ciceronem nunquam legitur non dubites libellis tuis inspergere His Book De gloria is most esteemed Arnald Ossat a French Cardinal His and Cardinal Perrons French Letters are esteemed usefull both for the understanding of Ecclesiastical and State-affairs He was Scholar to Petrus Ramus Otto the second Sonne to Otto the first He being overcome at a Sea fight by the Grecians and carried away by Pyrates being unknown by reason of his skill in the Greek tongue he escaped safe into Sicilie and afterward he punished them William Oughtred a very learned Mathematician He hath published Clavis Mathematica He hath put out these Works in English The Circle of Proportion The Horrizontal Instrument The Artificial gauging Line or Rod. Ovid. He had a natural genius to Poetry Quicquid conabar dicere versus erat Nascitur Poeta fit Orator Lactantius cals his Metamorphosis Opus praeclarissimum As Tibullus and he were born in one day so he and Livie died on another that his birth and death might be nobly accompanied Sands in the Life of Ovid. CHAP. III. P RIchard Pacie Dean of Pauls He was Secretary for the Latine Tongue to King Henry the eighth He was of great ripenesse of wit learning and eloquence also expert in forraign Languages He was sent in the Kings affairs Embassadour to Venice which function there he so discharged that it is hard to say whether he procured more commendation or admiration among the Venetians for his dexterity of wit and specially for the singular promptnesse in the Italian Tongue For opinion and same of Learning he was accepted not onely here in England with Linacro Grocinus More and others but also known and reported abroad in such sort that in all the great heap of Erasmus his Epistles he wrote almost to none so many as to him Foxes Acts and Monum Vol. 2. p. 247. c. 1. He was after distracted but he prettily well came to his wits and began to study the Hebrew Tongue with Wakefield He hath written upon Ecclesiastes He begins his Book De fructu qui ex doctrina percipitur thus Ric. Pac. Ad Scient Profes Epist. Librum doctissimi viri non adeo brevem unius spatio mensis scriptum mirabimini He saith further that it was composed Constantiae in publico hypocaâ—sto Fabius Pacius His several Works are mentioned by Tomasinus in his Elogia virorum Literis Sapientia Illustrium Iulius Pacius his younger brother An. M. D. L. in lucem editus ingenium politiorum literarum studiis pari cum fratre contentione excoluit eoque profectu Ut juvenis nondum exacto tertio decimo atatis anno Arithmeticae libellum magnâ facilitate conscripserit Thomas Elog. He was an excellent Grecian he illustrated Aristotles Organ with most copious Notes and published many learned Commentaries upon many of his books of Philosophy and elucidated many books of the Civil-Law with Commentaries or Notes Besides his knowledge of the Civil and Canon-Law he was skilled with knowledge of all Learning the Mathematicks History Poetry much given to the reading of the ancient Fathers and
Ecclesiastical History skilfull in the Latine Greek and Hebrew Languages Marcus Pacuvius a famous Tragaedian There are some fragments of his remaining Iohn Paget a learned Divine as his Arrow against the Separation of the Brownists shews Santes Pagninus an Italian and a Dominican Frier a man excellently learned in the Hebrew Tongue There is his Thesaurus Linguae Sanctae cum recognit Merceri Fol. Epitome Thesauri Linguae Sanctae And other Works Petrus de Palude vel Paludanus Anno Dom. 1320. He hath written upon the Gospels on the third and fourth Book of the Sennces De Causa immediata Eccles. potestatis De audientia Confessorum Iacobus Pamelius He was born at Bridges in Flanders Anno 1536. He was excellently versed in both prophane and sacred History He hath not only made Cyprian and Tertullian better but also illustrated them with learned Commentaries Guido Pancirolus He hath published Com. in notitiam utramque dignitatum tam Orientis quam Occidentis Thesaurus variarum lectionum utriusque juris And other Works Franciscus Panicarola Three at that time in concionibus dicendi laude florebant Panicarola Tolet Lupus There being three things required of an Orator Ut doceat ut delectet ut moveat it was commonly said then Lupus movet Toletus docet Panicarola delectat Anton. Panormita Privy-Councelour to Alphonsus King of Spain and Naples He hath published his memorable sayings and deeds in four Books A most famous Poet and Oratour Abbas Panormitanus Anno Dom. 1440. The most learned of the Canonists He hath put out In Libros Decretalium tomos 4. Consilia Quaest. Repertorium Iuris Henricus Pantaleon Anno Christi 1522. He wrote Prosopographiae illustrium virorum Germaniae Diarium Historicum And divers other Works mentioned by Melchior Adam in his Life Paphnutius Famous in Ecclesiastical History Papinianus A famous Lawyer he lived under Septimius Severus Ioannes Pappus a learned Lutherane He was born in the year of Christ 1549. He published many Works mentioned in the Oxford Catalogue He died in the year which he expressed in this Verse familiar to him in his Inscriptions Ad fine M sI qVis se parat I LLe sapit Philippus Aureolus Theophrastus Paracelsus Bombast ab Hohenheim a learned Physician He had divers names He held there were three principles of things Sulphure Salt and Mercury He said Physick was supported by four pillars the first of which is Philosophy or Physick which is a knowledge of earth and water and all things thence begotten the second Astronomy which is a knowledge of the other two Elements and all heavenly bodies Thirdly Alchimy which demonstrates the Compositions and dissolutions of all Bodies The last is Vertue which requires that a Physician should be pious toward God just constant and faithfull toward men and a lover of all good He often censures and reproves the Ancients Hippocrates Galen and Aristotle not excepted Daniel Pareus He hath written Universalis Historiae Profanae Medulla Mellificum Atticum David Pareus his Son a learned Divine of Germany He hath written Commentaries and Adversaria upon all the Books of the Scripture Io. Philip Pareus his Sonne He hath written Thesaurus linguae Latinae Electa Plantina Lexicon Plantinum Musae fugitivae Theatrum Philosophiae Christianae Narratio historica de vita obitu D. Parei patris ejus A Commentary upon Philemon and Iude. And other Works Matthaeus Paris sive Parisius Anno Dom. 1250. A Benedictine Monk of the Monastery of S t Albane here in England a very faithfull and diligent Authour He wrote Historiam Anglicanam the English History from the year of the Lord 1066 even unto the year 1201. Vir omnium citimae aetatis historicorum Anglorum nisi cui placeat Willielmum Malmesburiensem excipere eruditissimus Casaub. ad Front Ducaeum Epist. Gul. Parisiensis His Works are in two Volumes Robert Parker a Reverend Divine There are these Works of his De Descensu Christi De Politia Ecclesiastica Christo Hierarchiae opposita A Scholastical Discourse about the Sign of the Crosse. Iohn Parkins an Utter-barister of the Inner-Temple He put forth a little Treatise in the Reign of King Edward the sixth of certain Titles of the Common-Laws wittily and learnedly composed Rob. Parsons an English Jesuite He was most skilfull in railing and reviling able to put Shimei Rabshakeh and Thersites himself to school See Charles Paget his Book against him and Watsons Quodlibets fourth Answ. to second Artic. and Quodlibet 3 d Answ. to the sixth Artic. There is a Book commonly called Resolutions which goes under his name which the Papists much magnifie as also his Treatise of the three Conversions of England But Doctor Iames somewhere denies the first to be his Protestants have published some Books of Papists as Parsons Resolutions Granadoes Meditations with some altering of the Sentences though if these Books had never come out the scandal had been lesse Doctor Iames his myst of the Ind. Expurgat Carolus Paschalius a learned man He hath written Legatus Ceusura animi ingrati De optimo genere elocutionis CHAP. IV. STeven Pasquier a learned Frenchman He flourished Anno à Christi Nativitate 1546. He hath written an excellent Treatise in French styled La Recherche de la France He hath published also Icones Epigrammes and Epitaphs and several other Works Iohn Passeratiusa a learned Frenchman the Kings Professour of Eloquence in Paris an excellent Orator and Poet. He hath put out Orations and Prefaces a Commentary on Catullus Tibullus and Propertius Varia Opuscula His French Works are mentioned by Antoine du Verdier in his Bibliotheque George Passor Professor of Divinity and Hebrew at Herborn of Greek at Frankere He hath put out a Lexicon Greek and Latine upon the New Testament Manuale Graecarum vocum N. T. Syllabas vocum N. T. Oratio funebris in obitum Jo. Piscatoris Paedagogus Christianus Matthias Pasor Son to George Pasor a learned Professor at Groning There is his Oratio pro linguae Arabicae professione Marsilius Patavinus Franciscus Patricius Venetus He taught Philosophy at Rome and Padua His learned Works are Paraleli militares Liber male quidem amplus ac magnus sed rerum quae in ea continentur aestimatione ac pondere longe maximus atque gravissimus Jan. Nic. Eryth Pinac Nova de Universis Philosophiae Nova Geometria novaque Rhetorica De scribenda historia tres Dialogi De Arte Poetica tres decades And other Works C. Velleius Paterculus an elegant Historian but he was a great flatterer of Tiberius Patrick the first or second Archbishop of Ireland Anno gratiae 491. Sanctus Patricius secundus Hyberniae Archiepiscopus anno aetatis suae 122. in domino quievit Matth. Westm. Flor. Hist. 93. Vide Rivii Regim Anglic. in Hibern defens adversus Analecten l. 2. p. 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52
Alexander Piccolominy Archbishop of Sienna a good Linguist and Artist Many of his Works are mentioned in Oxford Catalogue Francis Piccolominy Many of his Works are also mentioned in Oxfhrd Catalogue Pet. Picherellus a learned Frenchman We may judge of his great abilities by those little Tracts de Coena Dominica de Missae sacrificio de Igne purgatorio de Imaginum usu and some other things that way and likewise of his little difference from us in the weightiest points of our Religion the more pity is it that his excellent Notes on a great part of the New Testament should so unhappily perish after his death as Thuanus relates Io. Pierius Valerianus He hath written an admirable Discourse of the Egyptian Hieroglyphicks Elegans opusculum Ioannis Pierii Valeriani quo agit de litteratorum infelicitate Vossius de Histor. Lat. Albertus Pighius The greatest learned man of your side B. Iewell often stiles him so in his Reply to D r Cole Pontificiorum Archilles adversus Lutherum qui totus noster est in causa Iustificationis Episc. Mortoni Antidotum contra merita cap. 7. sect 1. Albertus Pighius felici ac versatili vir ingenio qui cùm Theologiae atque Astronomiae cognitione naturalem quoque prudentiam rerumque publicarum usum intelligentiam conjunxit eximia Latinae dictionis elegantia quae scriberet ageretve comitante Auberti Miraei Elog. Belg. Vide plura ibid. Stephanus Pighius Vir de universâ antiquitate Romanâ praeclarè meritus Voss. de Construct c. 25. Laurentius Pignorius the great ornament of Italy born Anno 1571. Vossius styles him Clarissimum diffusae reconditaeque eruditionis virum He hath written Symbolae Epistolicae Epistolicall Symbols The title of that Book is Symbolarum Epistolicarum Liber primus In quo nonnulla ex Antiquitatis Iuriscivilis Historiae penu depromuntur illustrantur multaque Auctorum loca emendantur explicantur There are also these Works of his Characteres Aegyptii hoc est Sacrorum quibus Aegyptii utuntur Simulacrorum accurata delineatio De servis eorum apud veteres Ministeriis Commentarius With other Latine and Italian books of his printed mentioned there before his Epistles As he was well acquainted with Ioannes Vincentius Pinellus Marcus Velserus Paulus Aicardus Ianus Gruterus Hieronymus Aleander and many other learned men so he had Imagines virorum Clarissimorum in his study many of those before mentioned and also Bellarmine Baronius Francis Petrake Pancirolus Torquatus Tassus Tully Onufrius Panvinius Pindar one of the chief Greek Lyrick Poets To whom it is peculiar suddenly to strike as it were with a Divine Scepter the mindes of men by rare short sentences S r Francis Bacons Advancem of Learn l. 8. c. 1. Pineda he hath written a large Commentary on Iob in two Volumes Ioannes Vincentius Pinellus a learned Italian He was skilled in Hebrew Greek Latine Spanish French He adorned the most inward rooms of his house with greater Geographicall Tables or Mapes and with the Icones of illustrious men He had Books sent him out of all Europe He is much commended by Gassendus in vita Peireskii p. 30 31. Iohn Piscator He was an excellent Scripture-Divine but no School-Divine and therefore no marvell if he want the accuratenesse of Scholasticall expressions D r Twisse against Hoord l. 2. He hath written upon all the Scripture and other Works Io. Pistorius Many of his Works are mentioned in Oxford Catalogue Io. Pitsaeus He hath written a Book de Scriptoribus Illustribus Britanniae He seems to slight Balaeus and saith he took many thing out of Leland whereas he never saw Leland but took all out of Balaeus CHAP. VI. FRanciscus Pithaeus brother to Peter Pithaeus He hath put out Collectanea on Petronius Pet. Pithaens Casaubone never saw him as Thuanus in the 6 th book of his Commentaries concerning his own life saith yet how doth he extoll him He had rare and exact knowledge in all Antiquity Ecclesiasticall history and other wayes His disposition was sweet and he farre from all ambition and deceit he was very prudent and skilfull in mannaging affairs Thuanus in the first part of the fifth Tome of his Hist. l. 117. much commends him and at last concludes thus of him that in the Civill Law of the Romans he came to that height that it might be justly said of him and his most famous Master Cuiacius Hunc discipulo praeripuisse ne primus Iurisconsultas esset illum praeceptori ne solus All the great men of this age saith Papirius Massonus in his Elogia make honourable mention of him in their books and some of these dedicate their Writings to him and his brother Francis as the lights of France Many of his Books are mentioned in Oxford Catalogue Bartholomaeus Pitiscus A Divine of profound Learning of an acute wit very methodicall and perspicuous in teaching and writing He was a very great Mathematician and hath written severall Treatises of Triangles He saith in the Preface to one of his Books Alii schacchia ludunt talis ego regula circino si quando ludere datur Plantavitzius He hath written a great Dictionary for the Hebrew and other Works Qui summo conamine libros Ebraicos sibi affatim comparavit adjuvante praeceptore suo Ludovico Mathniensi Seldenus de Syned l. 3. c. 13. Christopher Plantine A learned Printer who hath been very usefull to the Commonwealth of Learning by Printing the King of Spains Bible and many other excellent Works Christophori Plantini viri de Typographicae arte qua caeterae omnes illustrantur vivunt optime meriti summam ingenii dexteritatem admirabilem prudentiam sedulam operam infinitos labores ac denique omnibus in rebus insignem diligentiam nemo satis admirari ac dignis laudibus extollere potest Ariae Montani praefat In Sac Bib. Quadriling Reg. edit Bartholomaeus Platina a most learned man Some call him Baptista Platina so Iac. Bergomus in suppl Ch. and Albertus Leander in his description of Lombardy others call him Bartholomaeus Platina so Ang. Roccha and Volaterane his Epistle to Iacobus Picolominaeus is so Barth Platina Ia. Cardinali Papiensi He was especially famous for his Work de vitis Pontificum usque ad Paulum II. by whom he was cast into prison and detained four whole moneths when he undertook to defend the cause of Pomponius Laetus and other learned men which were said to have conspired against him He was great with Pope Sixtus the 4 th and by him made keeper of the Vaticane Library Felix Platerus a learned and pious Physitian Ioannes Posthius thus played on his name Cùm felix animo felix sis divite censu Felicis nomen convenienter habes His Works are mentioned in Oxford Catalogue Plato he was an Athenian Philosopher he was called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is Divine for his rare wisdom When Tully commended any of the Philosophers he
Eloquence and Philosophy at Paris in the 36 year of his age Genebrad after his way harshly censures him Petrus Ramus turbulentiae sui in Linguas artes Theologiam denique ipsam furoris supplicium dedit Geneb Chron. l. 4. Pasquier l. 9. De Recherches de la France c. 19. and elsewhere writes more respectively of him c. 20. of that book he shews his dislike of Carpenters revengefull act in causing Ramus to be slain in the Massacre at Paris on S t. Bartholomews day Idola gymnasiii Praelei amoveri recondi jussit ne conspicerentur Rami vita A Theophilo Bannosio descripta Iacobus Pascharius hath these Verses of him Fertilior quavis cum sit sacer arbore Ramus Arboris hic dignus nomine Ramus erat In the 21 year of his age he published a Logick with Animadversions upon Aristotle He was murthered at the great Massacre in Paris and his body reproachfully dragged up and down the streets and many of his Works not yet finished there perished Ranulphus Francis Raphelengius a learned Linguist Professor of the Arabick at Leyden He with others is much commended by Arias Montanus Praefat. In Sac. Bib. Quadriling Reg. edit Rasis or Rhasis an Arabian a great Physitian William Rastall a reverend Judge of the Court of Common-pleas and of great industry He put out a Collection of the Statutes now in force in the reign of Queen Mary He was the Author also of the book called the Terms of the Law He put out Sir Thomas Mores Works also in one Volume who was his Uncle Franciscus Ranchinus Ioannes Ravennas Venetiis praecepit primus omnium qui ea tempestate post longa tempora ludum in Italia aperiret unde tanquam ex equo Trojano viri praestantes plurimi prodierunt qui posteascholis ac literis omnia referserunt Pet. Ravennas Hermannus Ravenspergerus a learned Professor of Divinity at Groning There is his judicium de Grotii libro de satisfactione Christi Florilegium Theologicum Ioannes Mullerus Regiomontanus one of the famousest Mathematicians of Germany Anno Dom. 1436. Mathematicorum Germanorum unus Regiomontanus longissimè excelluit Monimenta ingenii orbi terrarum nota sunt Vienna professore Regiomontano gloriosa est Rami Schol. Mathem l 2. He found out the tenth sphere the chiefest of all the heavenly Globe and in its diurnall motion carrying about with it the other spheres in this he excelled Thales Eudoxus Ptolomy and Alphraganus as Ioviâ—s witnesseth with his great Learning and other virtues he joyned piety towards God Whence he wrote out the whole New Testament in Greek handsomly with his own hand and by reading made it familiar to himself Pantal. de Vir. Illust. German parte 2 da. Ipse certe characteres ut citissime ita elegantissime ad pingebat ac super fuit diu novum Testamentum quod ab usque initio descriptum nitidissimè solitus erat circumgestare Gassend in ejus vita Iacobus Reihingius Erasmus Reinholdus a Doctor of Physick a famous Astronomer Remigius He was Bishop of Rhemes a man of most holy conversation and excellently learned as by the Commentaries which he wrote upon the Old and New Testament it evidently appeareth Georgius Remus a man of great Learning He hath put out Spicileg in Salom. Prov. In Ecclesiasten Sal. Karoli 5. Leges Capitales cum Paraphrasi Scholiis ejusdem Poemata Iohn Reuchlin or Capnio which name from the Germane being made Greek Hermolaus Barbarus gave him when he was sent by Maximilian the Emperour to Rome His chief praise is that he stirred up the study of the Hebrew tongue in Germany He first of all wrote an Hebrew Grammer with great perspicuity in Latine He invited many to learn and study the Hebrew tongue and they received the seeds of that doctrine from him He was skilfull in the Law a great Linguist and generall Scholer He was born in Stutgard in the Dukedom of Wirtemberg Extat ejus liber de verbo mirifico de Cabalae scientiae placitis eloquentia illustri ad Leonem decimum perscriptus Paulus Jovius Elog. Vir. Doct. Iovius saith he was the Authour of that witty book styled Obscurorum virorum Epistolae admirabili facetiarum lepore conditae quibus ad excitandum risum cucullatorum Theologorum ineptissime atque ideo ridiculè Latina lingua scribentium stylus exprimitur He was almost equally skilfull in those three Languages Hebrew Greek and Latine Germany therefore in regard of his skill in Languages and in all kinde of Learning deservedly honoured and respected him as a Phoenix and their only ornament Eras Epist. l. 2. Epist. 1. Vide etiam ib. Epist. 4. He bred many excellent Scholers Hic ille est ex cujus auditorio nominatim praeter innumeros alios minus celebres Oecolampadius Pelicanus Munsterus prodierunt Bez. Icon. Vir. Illust. Nicolaus Reusnerus Professor Ienensis His Works are mentioned by Melchior Adam in his Life Beatus vel Bildius Rhenanus a man of great Learning and singular judgement famous for his innocency humanity and chastity Iohn Sturmius hath written his Life largely and elegantly He first put forth Tertullian Pliny and many Historians as Livy Paterculus and Tacitus and corrected them and illustrated them with Notes Stephanuus Paschasius in his Icones hath these verses of him Qui decuit quicquid Rheni concluditur orbe An non Rhenanum dicere jure potes Iohannes Rhodius a most learned man There is his Trina Theologica Philosophica Iocosa Laurentius Rhodomanus Ludovicus Coelius Richerius Rhodiginus Anno 1450. He lived in the time of Maximilian the Emperour He was invited to Millaine by Lewis the 12 th King of France who gave him a great and royall stipend he taught Greek and Latine there with great praise Afterward he did excellently discharge the same office at Padua But he especially got himself immortall fame by his 30 Books of ancient readings in which work the abstruse words of both languages are interpreted obscure places in many excellent writers are explained corruptions purged and ancient rites manifested many secrets drawn out of Philosophy When a certain Germane found his sepulchre without an Epitaph as it were in indignation and reproaching his Citizens he wrote on the bricks Hic jacet tantus vir CHAP. X. PEt. Ribadeneyra He put out a Catalogue of the Writings of the Jesuites and other Works Fr. Ribera a learned Jesuite His Commentaries on the twelve smaller Prophets on the Hebrews and Revelation are well esteemed Antonius Riccobonus Publick Professor of Oratory at Padua He hath published two Volumes of Orations De usu Artis Rhetoricae Comm. in universam doctrinam Oratoriam Ciceronis and other Works Christophorus Riccius His book which he hath published is styled Vindiciarum Iuris praemissa adversus novatorum affanias corruptelas Paulus Riccius a most learned Jew born in Germany and converted to the
chanced one the rest looking upon to fall down by sudden death This Waldus being one of them who beholding the matter more earnestly then the other and terrified with so heavy an example Gods holy Spirit working with all was stricken with a deep and inward repentance whereupon followed a new alteration with a carefull study to reform his former life He admonished others also to repent and ministred large alms of his goods to such as needed Many people therefore daily resorting to him and he seeing them ready and diligent to learn he began to give out to them certain rudiments of the Scripture which he had translated himself into the French Tongue The Bishops seeing him so to intermeddle with Scriptures and to have such resort about him albeit it was but in his own house under private conference threatned to excommunicate him if he did not leave so to do He despising their Excommunication they ceased not with prison with sword and banishment to persecute him till at length they had driven both Waldus and all the favourers of his true preaching out of the City Whereupon came first their name and they were called Waldenses or Pauperes de Lugduno because they being thrust out both of Countrey and goods were compelled to live poorly whether they would or no. See Doctor Chalon Credo Ecclesiam Sanctam Catholicam part 2. pag. 91 92 93 94. D r Iohn Wallis the learned Professor of Arithmetique and Geometry in Oxford and one of the Assembly of Divines at Westminster There is his Grammaticâ— linguae Anglicanae Another Work in English Nich. Waltherus an eminent Divine in East-Frizeland He hath published Spicilegium Controversiarum 22. De SS Dei nominibus Officina Biblica Harmonia Biblica sive Conciliator locorum Bibliorum Harmonia totius Scripturae Iâ— Wamesius De Appellat Consilia Samuel Ward a learned and pious Divine There is his Magnetis reductorium Theologicum And divers English Sermons D r Samuel Ward Professor of Divinity in Cambridge His Gratia discriminans is an excellent Sermon and opposite to the Arminian Doctrine Sir Iames Ware He hath written De Scriptoribus Hiberniae Antiquitates Hiberniae Casper Waserus a learned Linguist He hath written De antiquis nâ—mmis mensuris Hebraeorum De nummis Ebraeis in usu Scriptor diligentissimus doctissimusque Selder uâ— De Iure Naturali Gentium l. 6. c. 17. Dr. Gilbert Wats a learned Englishman now living Gulielmus Watsius an English Divine whom Vossius in his Book De vitiis Sermonis often honourably mentions He hath translated Austens Confessions and added Notes to it Geo. Weiganmeierus There are these Works of his published Iustit Heb. Linguae per Tab. Abbreviat Hebr. in Com. Hebr. Abbreviat Hebr. explicatio Crinesius De Confas Linguarum c. 3. commends him for a most accurate writer and mentions him with Drusius Schindler Buxtorf as one of the most approved Grammarians of our age Mar. Frider. Wendelinus He hath put forth these Works Christiana Theologia Admiranda Nili Institutiones Logicae Contemplationes Physicae And some Theolog. Exercit. lately Io. de Wesalia See Foxes Acts and Monum Vol. 1. p. 948. There are his Paradoxa Matthaeus Wesenbecius was born at Antwerp Anno à Salute partâ 1531. a learned Lawyer Fuit Theoricus instructissimus practicus excellentissimus Melch. Adam in ejus vita Nostri seculi alter Papinianus conjunxerat ille verae religionis studium professionem cum juris prudentia Gryn Epist. l. 1. Epist. 11. Melchior Adam in his Life relates the manner of his conversion from Popery His Works are mentioned by Boissard in his Icones and Melchior Adam in his Life He made this Epitaph for himself before his death Matthaeus placidâ sopitus pace quiesco Iustitiae juris praeco Wesenbecius Vita mihi studium fuit impensique labores Et dolor gemitus assiduaeque preces Iova pater miserere mei miserere meorum Solius in Christi sanguine nostra salus Wesselus Groningensis otherwise named Basilius He preceded Luther he was excellently learned in Physick Divinity in the Greek Hebrew and Latine and therefore of the people he was called Lux mundi the light of the world whom Luther was wont to call his prodromus He demonstrated that the Pope was Antichrist whom the Disciples of Christ ought in no wayes to follow He wrote a Book De dignitate potestate Ecclesiastica in which book he saith That Subjects should be absolutely and simply bound to beleeve the Pope is so irrational and full of blasphemy that it is found more pestilent then any heresie whatsoever Being aged upon a certain time when a young man called M. Ioannes Ostendorpius came to him he said these words Well my childe thou shalt live to that day when thou shalt see that the doctrine of these new and contentious Divines as Thomas and Bonaventure with others of the same sort shall be utterly rejected and exploded from all true Christian Divines And this which Ostendorpius then being young heard Weselus to speak he reported himself to Noviomagus which wrote this story Anno 1520. and heard it of the mouth of the said Weselus Anno 1490. Foxes Act. and Monum vol. 1. p. 955 956. Vide Effig vit Profes Acad. Groningae Omlandiae Many of his Works are mentioned in Oxford Catalogue Matth Westmonasteriensis Anno Dom. 1370. A famous Historian Elizabeth Weston a learned English woman commended by Ioseph Scaliger and Ianus Dousa She hath written a Book of Poetry called Parthenicon Angla vel Angelica es vel prorsus es Angelus immo Si sexus vetat hoc Angelus est animus So Dousa as I remember William Whateley a Divine well versed in the original Text both Hebrew and Greek a frequent and powerfull Preacher and whose Life was answerable to his Doctrine There are his Exposition of the ten Commandments A Care-cloath or Treatise of the Cumbers of Marriage Prototypes And some Sermons Deg. Wheare both learned and godly he was History-Reader in Oxford He hath put out a Book entitled De ratione as methodo legendi Historias dissertatio Where he reckons up the several Greek and Latine Historians and censures them and shews the method of reading them Abraham Wheelock He was the first Arabick Professor in Cambridge He hath put out Beda in Latine and Saxon with Notes D. William Whitaker a learned and pious Divine He was Master of S. Iohns Colledge in Cambridge and the Kings Professor in Divinity Famous for his admirable skill in the Arts and Tongues and for his controversal Works especially his Confutation of Campian Sanders Paree William Rainolds Stapleton and Bellarmine That honour of our Schools and Angel of our Church learned Whitaker then whom our Age saw nothing more memorable What clearnesse of judgement what sweetnesse of style what gravity of person what grace of carriage was in that man Who ever saw him without reverence or heard him without
Scripture the upper-hand Fourthly That these â—â—â—ations of humane Writers be used not as meat but as sauce sparingly D r Chalon Sermâ—on Tit. 1. 13. Philosophandum est sed paucis Humane knowledge or learning is abused First When we rest in it lean not to thine own understanding when we think to look into divine mysteries with the spectacles of nature Secondly When we boast of it as our chiefest excellency Ier. 9. 23. Religion is the highest excellency the truest wisdom is that whereby we know and enjoy the chiefest good Thirdly When we oppose learning to the wisdom of Scripture and confine God to the Laws of nature 1 Cor. 1. 23. Fourthly The naked Theory of divine knowledge idle and unactive knowledge all knowledge is for practice Prov. 14. 8. Psal. 111. 10. Deut. 4. 6. Prov. 8. 30. Some times are more favourable to learning then others About the time of our Saviours coming curious Arts and other civil Disciplines did most flourish The Grecians sought after wisdom and secular Philosophy the Romans after Policy State-knowledge and Discipline of â—â—rs All the world almost above others those parts wherein Christianity was first placed was then set upon curious Arts yet the study and search of Scriptures in a short time devoured all and brought them to acknowledge allegiance unto it D r Iacks Comment on the Creed Vol. 1. l 1. c. 3. Wolfius in his Lectiones Memorabiles mentions the learned men of every Century Superstition and ignorance both together at the latter end of the ninth Century as a thick mist dangerously invaded and possessed the Church when the forging of Legends and Relicks and such like trumpery was as common and highly esteemed as the Scripture and preaching was discountenanced and utterly out of use Some places also are more propitious to learning then others Athens in Greece of which see afterwards Corduba in Spain is celebrated also this way It was the Countrey of Avicenna and Averroes and Razis and of Seneca Neroes Master and Lucan the Poet. Duosque Senecas unicumque Lucanum Faecunda loquitur Cordâ—ba Martial Barbara quinque viris gratatur Iâ—â—ria Marco Lucano Fabieque geminis Senecis Qui nugis versuque togâ sophià atque Cothurnâ— Clarent quid majus Roma superba dedit Steph. Pasch. Icon. Many of the Fathers were Africans Una etiam Optatos Cyprianos Tertullianos Atque Augustinos Africa terra tulit Edidit haec sancto miracula quatuor orbi Nempè aliquid semper gens alit illa novi Steph. Pasch. Icon. Devonshire in England Carpenter in the second part of his Geog. cap. 15. reckons up these famous men of the West for Arts and Learning Iewell Raynolds Hooker Sir Walter Rawleigh Sir Francis Drake Sir Richard Greenvill Sir Thomus Bodley D r Holland Hackwell Prideaux Justice Doddridge William Noy Essex hath been fruitfull of good Divines the younger Hooker Dent Fenâ—â—r the two Dikes many Rogers Naples in Italy Virgil the Prince of Poets lived in Naples Livie Horace Claudian Francis Petrarch who was very intimate with Robert King of Naples Antonius Beccadellus sirnamed Panâ—rmitâ—ne an excellent Orator Laurentius Valla the Refiner of the Latine Tongue Porcellus a most elegant Poet Blondus a studious searcher of all Antiquity Bartholomaus Facius Nicolaus Saguntinus all most excellent men Many Divines and Philosophers among which were Ferrandus Valentinus Michael Epilamius Ioannes Solerius Ioannes Cardona Henricus Panormitanus Petrus Rassanus Hieronimus Monopolius and Iacobus Mantuanus CHAP. III. Of the Liberal Arts and Sciences AN Art is a Collection of universal precepts prepared to know act or work in some certain latitude of end Naturam â—mulatur ars sed non planè assequitur saith Bibliandâ—r as we may see in painting and many other works All Arts are distinguished by the end not the matter Seneca distinguisheth Arts into three kindes some which instruct the life others which adorn it others which rule it The mechanical Arts instruct the life Liberal Arts are properly those which become free and ingenuous men which require understanding not the operation of the hands They are called Liberal Arts because they are worthy of a Freeman and ingenuous as if only ingenuous persons should learn and exercise them It is a received opinion That there are seven Liberal Arts three concerning speech Grammer Logick Rhetorick four concerning Quantity Geometry Arithmetick Musick Astronomy which the Grecians call Mathematicks Gram loquitur Dia vera docet Rhe verba colorat Mus canit Arâ—numerat Geo ponderat Ast docet astra 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 dicitur quasi 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is the circle of the Arts which was wont to be accounted by the number of the seven Liberal Arts. Ric Vitus Basingstock in his fifth Oration De studiorum finibus saith All Arts and Sciences are but ten the seven Liberal Arts before mentioned and three more Ethicks Physick Metaphysicks into which all Philosophy is divided Sir Francis Bacon saith That is the truest Partition of humane Learning which hath reference to the three faculties of mans soul which is the seat of Learning History is referred to Memory Poesie to the Imagination Philosophy to Reason Theology also or divine Learning saith he consists either of sacred History of Parables which are a kinde of divine Poesie or of Precepts and Doctrines as an eternal Philosophy There are three Organical Arts and Arts concerning speech Grammer which shews what should be spoken and with what Reason Rhetorick which is for Ornament and Logick which is for Argument and proof Some call these three general Arts because they have their use in all things and Arts. I. Grammer It hath its name from letters This is as it were an usher to other Sciences a place not very honourable yet necessary it is an Antidote against that malediction of the confusion of Tongues Polyd. Verg. It is an Art of speaking well Others adde and of writing but in vain when writing happens to speaking It s end is to speak well the means conducing to this end are the rules of classical writers founded on use That which is commonly called Orthographia is better called Orthocepia because speaking was before writing which happens to speech The beginning of this Art and Rhetorick saith Suetonius l. de grammat was thus by the observation of those things which were either fit or unfit in speaking men noting those things either to imitate or shun them made this Art Austin saith That there were Grammarians among the people of Israel in the time of Moses That would be a most excellent kinde of Grammer if some man skilfull in many Languages as well learned as mother-tongues should write a Treatise of the divers Proprieties of Languages shewing in what points every particular Language doth excell and in what points it was deficient Despauterius was a famous Latine Grammarian Clenard a Greek one Iohn Isaack an Hebrew one Our Linacer also was a
special Grammarian and his books de Emendata Structura have much conduced to expell barbarism Gerardus Vossius hath put out a most learned and elaborate book De Arte Grammatica and another De vitiis Sermonis Trivial and Grammer Schools are to be respected and encouraged because they are the Nurseries of Learning there the foundation being well laid young plants thence removed to the publick Universities well furnished with that kinde of Learning may prove eminent instruments in Church or State Grammer challengeth the first place to it self and boyes are to learn both the Greek and Latine Grammer Non modo quod his duabus linguis omnia fermè sunt prodita quae digna cognitu videantur verùm etiam quod utraque alteri sic assinis est ut ambae citius percipi queant conjunctim quam altera sine altera certè quam Latina sine Graeca Erasm. De Ratione Studiis For the pure Greek writers Erasmus commends chiefly Lucian Demosthenes Herodotus and of the Poets Aristophanes Homer Euripides For the Latine saith he Quis utilior loquendi autor quà m Terentius purus tersus quotidiano sermoni proximus tum ipso quoque argumenti genere jucundus adolescentiae Huic si quis aliquot selectas Plauti Comaedias putet addendas quae vacent obscaenitate equidem nihil repugno Proximus locus erit Virgilio tertius Horatio quartus Ciceroni quinius C. Caesari Salustium si quis adjungendum arbitrabitur cum hoc non magnopere contenderim atque has quidâ—m ad utriusque linguae cognitionem satis esse duco Erasm. De ratione studii II. Logick It is the most universal of all Arts. It is usefull for all Sciences It is ingeniorum lima cos The proper formall object of it is Reason its adequate end to dispute well The duties of a Logician are either general as that which is comprehended in the definition of Logick to reason well or special as those which be contained in the distribution of Logick to invent well and to judge well Logice dirigit intellectum in cognitione veri praecipuaque ejus instrumenta sunt argumentatio definitio divisio methodus Gerard Joan. Vos De Studiorum ratione parte priore Zeno the Stoick said Rhetorick was like the palm or the hand stretcht out Logick to the fist he might have said more fitly saith Ludovicus Vives that the Logician collects an Argument for the subtill examination of the learned but the Rhetorician applies it to the popular sense for the Oratour often more briefly collects then the Logician III. Rhetorick is a speech dressed with certain allurements proper to please and perswade Tully saith The absolute praise of an Oratour is three-fold Docere Delectare Movere Docere debitum est Delectare honorarium permovere necessarium The great virtue of an Oration is perspicuity Omnis oratio tres habet virtutes ut emendata ut dilucida ut ornata sit Quintil. Instit. orat l. 1. c. 5. Nazianzene in one of his Orations saith He affected Rhetorick so much because he had some thing of value to esteem as nothing for Christ. Nemo te nisi tu exprimere rectè valet None is able to set forth eloquence but it self This hath immortalized Plato Demosthenes Cicero Homer Virgil Herodotus Thucydides Livie Salust Cùm Ciceronem dico ipsam Romanam eloquentiam intelligere debetis Cùm verò libros de oratore opus in ea facultate putatote quo opere nullum nec Graecia nec Italia melius aut perfectius unquam habuit Cael. Sec. Cur. Orat. de ingenuis artibus Vide ejus orat De Rhetoricae usu Quintilian makes it a chief end and fruit of long pains and exercises in the Art of Rhetorick to attain to such a faculty as to be able also upon any sudden occasion to speak pertinently without any premeditation What an inchanting force hath Rhetorick One had need of the force of Demosthenes or rather that divine eloquence of Tully to set forth the due praises of eloquence Pierius Valerianus observes in the 26 Book of his Hieroglyphicks that sweet eloquence is signified by the Hieroglyphick of the Bee Bees setled on Plato's lips when he was a childe sleeping in the Cradle a presage of his future eloquence The same is reported of Ambrose and Pindar The same Pierius in the 41 Chapter of his 20 Book of Hieroglyphicks saith Wise men did put Syrens for the Hieroglyphick of Eloquence and the perswading force of Rhetorick whence that saying of Cato the Grammarian Cato Grammaticus Latina Syren CHAP. IV. Of the Mathematicks THe Mathematicks are so named because they are not learned without a teacher When Alexander bad his Mathematick master make his lessons easier to him then in his ordinary way to others he answered him well The Mathematicks were alike difficult to all The ancient Philosophers taught their Pupils Mathematicks very soon as appears by Aristotle and others they confirming their Propositions by mathematical demonstrations the knowledge whereof must be presupposed See Tych. Brah. Orat. De Discip. Mat. The Mathematicks are a most accurate and profitable study for the evidence and certainty of their demonstrations Abraham was famous for teaching the Mathematicks first among the Chaldeans and after he taught the same A 〈…〉 as Historians write The old Mathematicians drew their proportions in dust with a Compass the better to shew what they would Tully cals it learned dust Et secto in pulvere metas Archimedes was doing this when Siracuse was taken Princes and great persons have studied the Mathematicks and those that study them to purpose had need to have some Princes or great persons to encourage them therein by their bounty in respect of the chargeablenesse of their instruments as Tycho Brahe somewhere saith Mathematicks are either Pure or Mixt To pure Mathematicks those Sciences are referred which handle Quantity altogether abstracted from matter and Physical axioms they are two Geometry and Arithmetique the one handling continued Quantity the other dissevered Quantity or number To mixt Mathematicks Astronomy and Musick are usually referred and the Opticks I. Arithmetique is an Art of numbring well Pythagoras first brought it into an Art thence the Pythagoreans did swear per numerum quaternarium quò nihil apud eos videtur esse perfectius For there are four Elements Fire Air Water Earth four times of the year Spring Autumn Summer Winter four qualities of all things Heat Cold Moisture Drinesse four Coasts of the Heaven East West North South It is the first of the Mathematicks and usefull to all the rest One should get some skill in the vulgar Arithmetique before he learn Geometry and that either by a teacher or by plain books such as the Arithmetique of Gemma Frìfius or Ramus with Snellius his Notes The principle of number is unity as of magnitude punctum By this the Pythagoreans in times past covered the mysteries of all nature and even of God