Selected quad for the lemma: book_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
book_n	time_n	write_v	year_n	7,404	5	4.7660	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A68397	The breuiary of Britayne As this most noble, and renowmed iland, was of auncient time deuided into three kingdomes, England, Scotland and Wales. Contaynyng a learned discourse of the variable state, [and] alteration therof, vnder diuers, as wel natural: as forren princes, [and] conquerours. Together with the geographicall description of the same, such as nether by elder, nor later writers, the like hath been set foorth before. Writen in Latin by Humfrey Lhuyd of Denbigh, a Cambre Britayne, and lately Englished by Thomas Twyne, Gentleman.; Commentarioli Britannicae descriptionis fragmentum. English	Llwyd, Humphrey, 1527-1568.; Twyne, Thomas, 1543-1613.	1573 (1573)	STC 16636; ESTC S108126	73,902	228

to_o accomplish_v the_o better_a we_o must_v something_o say_v before_o caesar_n which_o first_o of_o all_o the_o roman_n caesar_n have_v celebrate_v the_o name_n of_o this_o island_n in_o the_o latin_a tongue_n call_v it_o britannia_n who_o almost_o all_o other_o latin_a writer_n imitate_v have_v not_o change_v the_o same_o name_n notwithstanding_o only_a sir_n thomas_n eliote_n a_o knight_n eliote_n who_o learning_n be_v not_o to_o be_v contemn_v have_v stand_v up_o of_o late_a amongst_o we_o who_o contend_v not_o without_o good_a reason_n and_o probability_n that_o it_o be_v call_v in_o old_a time_n prytannia_n which_o he_o prove_v by_o a_o very_a ancient_a copy_n that_o he_o have_v in_o his_o hand_n but_o where_o he_o say_v that_o it_o be_v term_v so_o in_o greek_a for_o the_o plenty_n and_o abundance_n thereof_o sure_o i_o which_o do_v quite_o reject_v such_o derivation_n do_v not_o allow_v it_o yet_o yield_a rather_o to_o the_o name_n of_o prytannia_n than_o britannia_n the_o authority_n of_o which_o ancient_a fragment_n i_o will_v endeavour_n to_o confirm_v with_o weighty_a reason_n but_o because_o in_o so_o do_v i_o shall_v appear_v to_o bring_v forth_o certain_a paradox_n and_o opinion_n not_o hear_v of_o before_o the_o better_a to_o satisfy_v both_o my_o countryman_n the_o britain_n in_o wales_n and_o other_o i_o will_v lay_v forth_o my_o purpose_n before_o all_o man_n eye_n not_o cleave_n so_o precise_o to_o my_o own_o opinion_n but_o that_o if_o any_o man_n can_v bring_v i_o more_o better_a and_o more_o certain_a i_o will_v quick_o yield_v unto_o they_o in_o the_o mean_a while_n always_o reserve_v the_o judgement_n of_o the_o learned_a you_o shall_v have_v my_o opinion_n when_o i_o chance_v of_o late_a year_n to_o come_v to_o the_o sight_n of_o polydorus_n virgilius_n the_o italian_a and_o hector_n boethius_n the_o scot_n their_o british_a history_n whereof_o the_o first_o maynful_o seek_v not_o only_o to_o obscure_v the_o glory_n of_o the_o british_n name_n but_o also_o to_o defame_v the_o britain_n themselves_o with_o sclandrous_a lie_n the_o other_o while_o he_o go_v about_o to_o raise_v his_o scot_n out_o of_o darkness_n and_o obscurity_n what_o ever_o he_o find_v that_o the_o roman_n or_o britain_n have_v do_v worthy_a commendation_n in_o this_o island_n all_o that_o he_o attribute_v unto_o his_o scot_n like_o a_o foolish_a writer_n wherefore_o be_v provoke_v by_o these_o injury_n that_o i_o may_v the_o better_o guard_v my_o sweet_a country_n from_o such_o inconvenience_n unto_o my_o small_a power_n i_o begin_v to_o peruse_v all_o such_o ancient_a history_n both_o greek_a and_o latin_a as_o ever_o have_v write_v of_o britain_n or_o the_o britain_n cause_v not_o only_o all_o such_o sentence_n but_o each_o word_n also_o to_o be_v copy_v forth_o to_o the_o intent_n that_o thereout_o as_o of_o a_o thick_a and_o plentiful_a wood_n i_o may_v gather_v sufficient_a timber_n to_o frame_v a_o british_a history_n and_o not_o only_o continue_v in_o read_v strange_a writer_n but_o also_o the_o most_o antique_a fragment_n of_o our_o poetes_n which_o at_o this_o day_n retain_v therein_o as_o in_o all_o other_o thing_n else_o the_o old_a name_n be_v call_v bardi_n together_o with_o bardi_n history_n write_v in_o the_o british_a tongue_n which_o of_o late_a so_o far_o as_o i_o suppose_v be_v by_o i_o first_o translate_v into_o english_a and_o not_o only_o confer_v the_o deed_n but_o also_o the_o name_n of_o king_n and_o place_n in_o both_o tongue_n where_o i_o have_v note_v prydain_n that_o britannia_n be_v first_o call_v prydain_n amongst_o we_o as_o appear_v in_o the_o most_o ancient_a book_n of_o pedigree_n wherein_o the_o welshman_n be_v too_o too_o curious_a have_v amongst_o they_o continual_o certain_a register_n of_o pedigree_n and_o discentes_fw-la which_o some_o call_v hierhaut_n hierhaut_n which_o perpetual_o do_v record_n in_o writing_a and_o memory_n the_o name_n of_o parent_n with_o their_o child_n contrivinge_n they_o into_o tribe_n as_o they_o be_v divide_v in_o old_a time_n they_o think_v as_o well_o of_o themselves_o as_o either_o the_o frenchman_n the_o turk_n or_o latin_n derive_v their_o original_n from_o the_o troyan_n in_o these_o book_n as_o i_o say_v it_o be_v many_o time_n find_v that_o this_o island_n be_v call_v prydain_n as_o paun_n post_v prydain_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o cheefist_n post_n or_o pillar_n of_o britain_n a_o certain_a writer_n also_o which_o write_v many_o hundred_o year_n ago_o amongst_o the_o old_a valiant_a britain_n show_v the_o same_o beside_o that_o the_o poetes_n and_o those_o which_o they_o call_v bardi_n at_o this_o day_n do_v frequent_a common_o that_o word_n as_o post_v prydáin_o olh_o pride_n à_fw-fr nerth_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o pillar_n of_o all_o britain_n the_o beauty_n and_o strength_n moreover_o it_o be_v usual_o find_v in_o all_o our_o book_n ynys_n prydain_v that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o island_n of_o britain_n and_o phrainc_fw-la à_fw-la phrydain_n that_o be_v france_n and_o britain_n whereby_o those_o that_o understand_v the_o tongue_n may_v easy_o gather_v that_o our_o britain_n call_v this_o island_n prydain_v in_o their_o language_n which_o the_o latin_n for_o the_o hardness_n and_o evil_a sound_n thereof_o have_v reject_v and_o have_v call_v the_o country_n britannia_n and_o the_o people_n britanni_n for_o the_o more_o gentle_a and_o pleasant_a sound_n sake_n which_o i_o will_v prove_v by_o these_o strong_a argument_n follow_v every_o british_a word_n as_o we_o have_v say_v before_o who_o first_o radical_a be_v pea_n have_v three_o variation_n in_o construction_n namely_o into_o b_o ph_n and_o mh_o the_o name_n of_o britain_n amongst_o we_o sometime_o begin_v with_o b_o sometime_o with_o ph_n and_o sometime_o with_o mh_o wherefore_o the_o first_o radical_a thereof_o must_v needs_o be_v p._n and_o another_o infallible_a argument_n thereis_n that_o b_o be_v not_o the_o first_o radical_a of_o that_o name_n theris_z no_o british_a word_n who_o first_o radical_a letter_n be_v b_o that_o abide_v any_o change_n into_o pea_n or_o ph._n but_o the_o name_n of_o britain_n among_o the_o britain_n as_o the_o propriety_n of_o the_o tongue_n require_v sometime_o begin_v with_o pea_n sometime_o with_o ph_n as_o i_o have_v show_v before_o wherefore_o the_o name_n of_o britain_n have_v not_o b_o for_o his_o first_o radical_a letter_n neither_o be_v it_o necessary_a that_o we●_z shall_v seek_v the_o derivation_n of_o this_o name_n from_o the_o greek_n since_o we_o may_v find_v the_o reason_n of_o it_o in_o our_o own_o tongue_n wherein_o almost_o all_o name_n of_o man_n and_o place_n be_v of_o themselves_o significant_a pride_n amongst_o we_o signify_v comeliness_n or_o beauty_n cain_n signify_v white_a so_o that_o by_o the_o join_v of_o these_o two_o word_n together_o &_o take_v away_o c_o in_o composition_n for_o the_o better_a sound_n sake_n be_v make_v prydain_n that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o white_a or_o excellent_a beauty_n or_o comeliness_n as_o who_o shall_v say_v the_o first_o borderer_n thereto_o call_v it_o a_o fair_a and_o fertile_a land_n but_o sing_v this_o be_v but_o a_o bare_a conjecture_n i_o be_o not_o against_o it_o but_o that_o every_o man_n hold_v his_o own_o opinion_n neither_o be_o i_o ignorant_a that_o some_o very_o well_o learned_a man_n and_o expert_a in_o the_o british_a tongue_n do_v write_v the_o island_n name_n with_o b._n which_o i_o think_v they_o do_v rather_o follow_v therein_o the_o latin_n then_o judge_v the_o same_o to_o be_v the_o true_a name_n know_v the_o proof_n which_o i_o have_v before_o allege_v to_o b●_z so_o undoubted_o certain_a that_o themselves_o can_v deny_v they_o perhaps_o here_o will_v stand_v forth_o some_o enemy_n to_o the_o british_a name_n say_v that_o by_o these_o argument_n i_o do_v disprove_v both_o the_o come_n of_o brutus_n into_o this_o island_n and_o polydorus_n himself_o with_o his_o british_a history_n but_o god_n forbid_v i_o shall_v be_v so_o impious_a in_o such_o wise_a to_o despise_v the_o majesty_n of_o antiquity_n nay_o rather_o when_o opportunity_n shall_v be_v offer_v i_o purpose_v to_o confirm_v by_o bring_v forth_o many_o weighty_a reason_n and_o authority_n which_o i_o have_v ready_a in_o store_n for_o a_o british_a history_n both_o his_o come_n and_o also_o to_o establish_v the_o credit_n of_o the_o british_a history_n nothing_o regard_v the_o folly_n of_o those_o who_o because_o they_o find_v not_o the_o name_n of_o it_o in_o the_o roman_a history_n bold_o deny_v that_o there_o be_v any_o such_o in_o the_o world_n at_o all_o sing_v unto_o those_o that_o shall_v read_v halicarnasseus_n and_o livius_n so_o much_o disagree_v and_o also_o consider_v the_o obscurity_n of_o the_o latin_a name_n at_o that_o time_n when_o brutus_n pass_v out_o of_o italy_n into_o greece_n it_o shall_v easy_o

germane_a because_o they_o have_v big_a body_n with_o sharp_a and_o horrible_a eye_n thus_o much_o ●e_n since_o therefore_o he_o have_v leave_v their_o original_a unknown_a and_o our_o chronicle_n do_v testify_v how_o that_o the_o britain_n have_v always_o great_a familiarity_n with_o the_o northern_a german_n it_o be_v like_a enough_o that_o the_o british_a cymbri_n pass_v over_o into_o denmark_n whereby_o it_o be_v term_v cymbrica_n and_o so_o join_v with_o the_o almain_n make_v war_n upon_o the_o roman_n and_o first_o vanquish_v papirius_n with_o his_o army_n in_o illyrica_n afterwards_o overcome_v aurelius_n scaurus_n with_o his_o legion_n in_o france_n himself_o be_v slay_v by_o king_n belus_n which_o name_n be_v also_o familiar_a amongst_o the_o welshman_n at_o this_o day_n beside_o that_o manlius_n and_o caepio_n be_v discomfit_v nigh_o rhodanus_n when_o there_o be_v 12000._o of_o the_o roman_n slay_v in_o the_o end_n at_o athesis_n in_o italy_n they_o be_v overthrow_v and_o almost_o all_o slay_v and_o those_o which_o remain_v after_o the_o battle_n escape_v into_o germany_n and_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n whereof_o the_o one_o return_a into_o britain_n give_v name_n to_o the_o country_n cymbria_n the_o other_o depart_v out_o of_o germany_n rest_v nigh_o to_o the_o sea_n balteum_fw-la &_o afterward_o be_v call_v of_o the_o german_n aestiones_n who_o aestiones_n tongue_n as_o tacitus_n write_v be_v like_o the_o british_a and_o to_o confirm_v all_o this_o i_o read_v of_o late_a in_o a_o most_o ancient_a fragment_n of_o the_o british_a tongue_n how_o that_o long_o since_o there_o depart_v a_o very_a great_a army_n of_o britain_n into_o denmarck_n which_o after_o many_o valiant_a war_n stout_o make_v in_o most_o part_n of_o the_o world_n never_o return_v again_o but_o whereas_o diverse_a do_v affirm_v that_o these_o be_v the_o indweller_n of_o the_o danish_a chersonesus_n hereby_o it_o appear_v false_a that_o the_o dane_n long_o before_o that_o time_n possess_v that_o land_n as_o their_o history_n do_v declare_v neither_o be_v there_o any_o danish_a or_o suetish_a writer_n that_o ever_o make_v mention_n of_o the_o cymbri_n othersome_a affirm_v that_o they_o descend_v of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o cymerius_fw-la bosphorus_n but_o neither_o the_o nation_n name_n neither_o their_o manner_n neither_o their_o king_n name_n do_v agree_v which_o if_o you_o respect_v we_o be_v all_o one_o for_o clodic_n lhes_n bel_n lhud_o thudfach_n berich_n by_o which_o the_o king_n of_o the_o cymbri_n be_v call_v be_v very_o common_a name_n amongst_o the_o britain_n their_o neglect_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n the_o shape_n of_o their_o body_n their_o shield_n armour_n sword_n yea_o make_v of_o brass_n whereof_o i_o see_v twain_o which_o of_o late_o be_v find_v in_o hollow_a rock_n in_o north-wales_n their_o reverence_n towards_o woman_n and_o priest_n their_o custom_n to_o sacrifice_v man_n unto_o mercury_n declare_v that_o they_o be_v british_a cymbri_n neither_o will_v i_o deny_v that_o which_o many_o do_v write_v that_o the_o sicambri_n and_o afterward_o franci_n the_o franci_n be_v of_o their_o brood_n unless_o that_o their_o own_o historician_n affirm_v that_o they_o be_v so_o call_v three_o hundred_o year_n before_o of_o one_o cambra_n daughter_n ▪_o to_o belinus_n which_o be_v king_n of_o britain_n and_o marry_v to_o antenor_n their_o king_n wherefore_o i_o conclude_v that_o the_o cymbri_n either_o depart_v forth_o of_o britain_n about_o that_o time_n or_o else_o be_v the_o remnant_n of_o the_o great_a army_n which_o be_v gather_v in_o britain_n and_o france_n and_o settle_v with_o brennus_n in_o the_o march_n of_o greece_n at_o the_o same_o time_n for_o it_o be_v undoubted_o know_v that_o brennus_n brennus_n be_v a_o perfect_a britain_n and_o brother_n to_o king_n belinus_n and_o son_n to_o dunwallus_fw-la which_o not_o only_o our_o chronicle_n do_v testify_v but_o also_o the_o country_n name_n where_o the_o ambitious_a man_n fight_v with_o belinus_n his_o brother_n and_o be_v call_v of_o he_o brennich_n diverse_a river_n also_o amongst_o we_o call_v by_o that_o name_n and_o also_o a_o most_o ancient_a castle_n stand_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o a_o exceed_a high_a hill_n in_o gwania_n call_v dinas_n brancha_n that_o be_v to_o say_v brennus_n court_n or_o palace_n be_v a_o very_a good_a argument_n hereof_o beside_o this_o there_o remain_v most_o ancient_a rhyme_n in_o the_o praise_n of_o cornwenna_n their_o mother_n because_o that_o when_o brennus_n come_v forth_o of_o france_n with_o aid_n against_o his_o brother_n with_o her_o naked_a breast_n and_o pap_n she_o reconcile_v they_o together_o which_o one_o have_v thus_o interpret_v oh_o out_o alas_o what_o mean_v this_o do_v you_o my_o bowel_n harm_n what_o wicked_a cause_n do_v move_v two_o brother_n power_n to_o be_v so_o warm_a can_v all_o britain_n you_o contain_v since_o it_o be_v very_o sure_a that_o both_o you_o twain_o within_o this_o womb_n of_o i_o do_v once_o endure_v may_v not_o your_o mother_n tear_n nor_o tear_a hair_n from_o purpose_n pluck_v nor_o naked_a doleful_a breast_n in_o tender_a age_n which_o both_o do_v suck_v who_o then_o join_v their_o army_n ●anne_v over_o all_o france_n and_o italy_n vanquish_v the_o roman_n and_o take_v the_o city_n and_o depart_v out_o of_o italy_n as_o polybius_n report_v and_o belinus_n return_v into_o britain_n but_o brennus_n with_o 15000_o ▪_o thousand_o footman_n &_o 61200._o thousand_o ●orsemen_n as_o pausanias_n write_v set_v upon_o the_o greek_n and_o have_v subdue_v the_o macedonian_n thessalian_n thracian_n &_o the_o poeonians_n all_o the_o other_o people_n of_o the_o greek_n he_o overthrow_v at_o thermopilae_n in_o a_o most_o horrible_a bloody_a battle_n in_o fine_a when_o as_o he_o be_v about_o to_o sack_v the_o temple_n of_o apollo_n of_o delphos_n his_o army_n be_v whole_o almost_o miraculous_o slay_v by_o the_o fall_v of_o a_o mighty_a great_a cliff_n &_o a_o wonderful_a rain_n from_o heaven_n wherewith_o brennus_n be_v stroke_z with_o sorrow_n a_o most_o courageous_a gentleman_n as_o he_o be_v slay_v himself_o and_o i_o wot_v well_o how_o polydorus_n complain_v of_o the_o supputation_n of_o year_n when_o as_o in_o deed_n the_o time_n agree_v very_o well_o with_o the_o british_a history_n but_o where_o as_o he_o make_v two_o brennus_n that_o be_v altogether_o beside_o credit_n since_o no_o writer_n before_o he_o ever_o yield_v the_o same_o to_o memory_n and_o as_o concern_v the_o true_a supputation_n of_o the_o age_n of_o the_o world_n diverse_a author_n have_v diverse_o write_v beside_o these_o reason_n by_o their_o own_o tongue_n which_o be_v the_o best_a proof_n that_o may_v be_v we_o will_v easy_o convince_v that_o they_o be_v britain_n and_o that_o brennus_n soldier_n speak_v the_o british_a tongue_n we_o will_v likewise_o soon_o declare_v pausanias_n in_o his_o ten_o book_n write_v thus_o brennus_n have_v with_o he_o forth_o 20400._o thousand_o horseman_n which_o be_v all_o fight_a man_n for_o the_o true_a number_a of_o they_o in_o deed_n be_v above_o threescore_o thousand_o and_o two_o hundred_o for_o there_o follow_v every_o horseman_n two_o servant_n on_o horseback_n these_o when_o their_o master_n be_v fight_v stand_v always_o in_o the_o rearward_n and_o assist_v they_o that_o if_o by_o chance_n they_o be_v unhorse_v they_o shall_v se●_z they_o on_o they_o and_o if_o the_o man_n be_v slay_v the_o servant_n shall_v succeed_v in_o his_o place_n but_o if_o they_o be_v both_o kill_v by_o force_n of_o fight_n then_o be_v the_o three_o at_o hand_n ready_a to_o supply_v for_o they_o that_o be_v dead_a if_o the_o first_o and_o chief_n have_v receive_v a_o wound_n one_o of_o these_o other_o convey_v he_o out_o of_o the_o battle_n &_o the_o three_o fulfil_v the_o roomth_n of_o he_o that_o be_v hurt_v and_o this_o practice_n of_o fight_v on_o horseback_n they_o term_v in_o their_o country_n language_n trimarchisia_n for_o they_o call_v a_o horse_n marcha_n thus_o far_o pausanias_n what_o can_v be_v speak_v more_o plain_o trimarchisia_n our_o britain_n at_o this_o day_n call_v tres_n in_o the_o masculine_a gendre_fw-fr tri_n and_o in_o the_o feminine_a tair_n that_o be_v three_o and_o a_o horse_n they_o call_v march_n whereby_o tri-march_a unto_o they_o signify_v three_o horse_n hereby_o therefore_o all_o must_v needs_o confess_v either_o that_o the_o frenchman_n speak_v the_o british_a tongue_n which_o almost_o all_o history_n do_v deny_v or_o that_o these_o be_v natural_a britain_n and_o afterward_o he_o say_v that_o the_o frenchman_n call_v a_o shield_n tyren_n in_o their_o country_n speech_n which_o word_n we_o do_v likewise_o use_v at_o this_o present_a call_v a_o shield_n taria_fw-la moreover_o atheneus_n write_v that_o the_o relic_n of_o the_o frenchman_n under_o bathanasius_n their_o captain_n take_v up_o their_o dwell_n about_o ister_n and_o after_o that_o

¶_o the_o breviary_n of_o britain_n as_o this_o most_o noble_a and_o renown_a island_n be_v of_o ancient_a time_n divide_v into_o three_o kingdom_n england_n scotland_n and_o wales_n ▪_o contain_v a_o learned_a discourse_n of_o the_o variable_a state_n &_o alteration_n thereof_o under_o diverse_a as_o well_o natural_a as_o foreign_a prince_n &_o conqueror_n together_o with_o the_o geographical_a description_n of_o the_o same_o such_o as_o neither_o by_o elder_n nor_o late_a writer_n the_o like_a have_v be_v set_v forth_o before_o written_a in_o latin_a by_o humphrey_n lhuyd_v of_o denbigh_n a_o cambre_n britain_n and_o late_o english_v by_o thomas_n twine_v gentleman_n 1573._o to_o the_o right_n honourable_a edward_n deviere_n lord_n bulbeck_n earl_n of_o oxenford_n lord_n great_a chamberlain_n of_o england_n tho._n twine_n wish_v long_a life_n perfect_a health_n increase_n of_o honour_n and_o endless_a felicity_n nobility_n be_v a_o precious_a gift_n which_o so_o glitter_v in_o the_o eye_n of_o all_o man_n that_o there_o be_v no_o one_o corporal_a thing_n in_o this_o world_n whereof_o we_o make_v a_o great_a account_n for_o so_o be_v it_o esteem_v of_o all_o desire_v of_o all_o and_o reverence_v of_o al._n virtue_n say_v tul_o and_o before_o he_o plato_n if_o it_o may_v be_v see_v with_o our_o bodily_a eye_n doubtless_o it_o will_v procure_v marvellous_a love_n and_o good_a like_n unto_o itself_o the_o show_n thereof_o will_v appear_v so_o fair_a and_o amiable_a the_o unite_n of_o which_o two_o most_o noble_a grace_n with_o all_o other_o furniture_n of_o nature_n &_o fortune_n with_o in_o your_o person_n right_o honourable_a and_o my_o very_a good_a lord_n have_v so_o bend_v my_o judgement_n and_o bring_v i_o into_o such_o like_n &_o admiration_n thereof_o that_o i_o have_v rest_v no_o small_a time_n not_o only_o not_o satisfy_v in_o be_v one_o of_o the_o admiratour_n but_o also_o desierus_a to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o participatour_n of_o those_o your_o honour_n most_o laudable_a disposition_n whereunto_o i_o do_v now_o humble_o submit_v myself_o and_o in_o token_n of_o my_o dutiful_a meaning_n herein_o be_o so_o hardi_fw-la as_o to_o present_v your_o honour_n with_o this_o simple_a travail_n which_o i_o so_o term_v in_o respect_n of_o my_o pain_n in_o translate_v the_o same_o howbeit_o i_o be_o persuade_v that_o it_o cost_v m._n lhuyd_v who_o first_o and_o not_o long_o since_o write_v the_o same_o in_o latin_a no_o small_a labour_n and_o industry_n in_o the_o gather_n and_o pen_v regard_v your_o honour_n to_o be_v amongst_o there_a a_o very_a fit_a patron_n for_o it_o in_o consideration_n that_o be_v as_o yet_o but_o in_o your_o flower_n and_o tender_a age_n and_o general_o hope_v and_o account_v of_o in_o time_n to_o become_v the_o chief_a stay_n of_o this_o your_o common_a wealth_n and_o country_n you_o will_v receive_v into_o your_o self_n tuition_n the_o write_v name_n and_o description_n of_o that_o britain_n which_o as_o it_o be_v in_o part_n your_o native_a soil_n so_o your_o duty_n bid_v you_o to_o defend_v and_o maintain_v it_o here_o on_o when_o your_o honour_n shall_v be_v at_o lee_n sure_a to_o look_v bestow_v such_o regard_n as_o you_o be_v accustom_v to_o do_v on_o book_n of_o geography_n history_n and_o other_o good_a learning_a wherein_o i_o be_o privy_a your_o honour_n take_v singular_a delight_n i_o doubt_v not_o but_o you_o shall_v have_v cause_n to_o judge_v your_o time_n very_o well_o apply_v and_o so_o much_o the_o rather_o for_o that_o in_o the_o study_n of_o geography_n it_o be_v expedient_a first_o to_o know_v exact_o the_o situation_n of_o our_o own_o home_n where_o we_o a_o bide_v before_o that_o we_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o judge_v how_o other_o country_n do_v lie_v unto_o we_o which_o be_v far_o distant_a from_o we_o beside_o that_o it_o be_v a_o foul_a shame_n to_o be_v inquisitive_a of_o the_o state_n of_o foreign_a land_n and_o to_o be_v ignorant_a of_o our_o own_o as_o your_o honour_n be_v already_o perfect_o instruct_v be_v not_o now_o to_o learn_v at_o my_o ●ande_n but_o for_o my_o part_n it_o shall_v be_v sufficient_a that_o your_o honour_n will_v dayn_v to_o accept_v this_o small_a present_n or_o rather_o therein_o my_o hearty_a good_a will_n which_o be_v not_o otherwise_o able_a to_o gratify_v the_o same_o shall_v never_o cease_v to_o pray_v to_o god_n that_o he_o will_v always_o direct_v you_o in_o the_o commendable_a race_n of_o virtue_n and_o learn_v which_o you_o have_v begin_v augment_v your_o honour_n with_o many_o degree_n and_o in_o the_o end_n reward_v you_o with_o immortal_a felicity_n your_o honour_n most_o humble_a at_o commandment_n thomas_n twine_v ¶_o the_o preface_n of_o the_o translatour_n to_o the_o reader_n when_o i_o first_o take_v in_o hand_n this_o book_n gentle_a reader_n &_o be_v determine_v to_o translate_v it_o into_o english_a i_o consider_v the_o great_a judgement_n and_o learning_n of_o the_o author_n &_o my_o own_o simplicity_n and_o unskilfulness_n by_o conference_n whereof_o i_o be_v eftsoon_o drive_v from_o my_o determination_n for_o i_o perceive_v how_o dangerous_a a_o thing_n it_o be_v for_o i_o who_o god_n know_v be_o but_o a_o simple_a antiquary_n and_o but_o slender_o practise_v in_o the_o antiquity_n of_o this_o island_n to_o geve_v forth_o my_o absolute_a sentence_n in_o such_o matter_n as_o be_v in_o controversy_n not_o only_o amongst_o the_o most_o approve_a and_o best_a learned_a ancient_a writer_n in_o this_o behalf_n but_o also_o between_o such_o as_o have_v be_v very_o well_o see_v therein_o in_o our_o time_n whereof_o some_o be_v dead_a and_o some_o be_v yet_o live_v which_o i_o see_v that_o of_o necessity_n i_o must_v do_v as_o for_o this_o one_o example_n among_o many_o although_o it_o be_v not_o yet_o full_o agree_v upon_o what_o town_n in_o england_n the_o ancient_a name_n of_o caleva_n do_v signify_v and_o the_o place_n thereof_o be_v also_o as_o uncertain_a as_o upon_o which_o side_n of_o the_o thames_n it_o shall_v lie_v yet_o follow_v my_o author_n so_o near_o as_o i_o may_v i_o be_o enforce_v to_o determine_v some_o way_n i_o be_o sure_a not_o without_o mislike_v of_o many_o the_o like_a reprehension_n i_o have_v incur_v in_o the_o english_v of_o name_n of_o diverse_a place_n more_o some_o english_a some_o scottish_a but_o especial_o welsh_a or_o british_a in_o so_o much_o that_o i_o be_v determine_v to_o have_v set_v they_o down_o as_o i_o have_v find_v they_o in_o m._n lhuyd_n latin_a book_n which_o he_o for_o that_o he_o wroate_fw-mi in_o latin_a have_v so_o nigh_o as_o he_o can_v make_v they_o all_o latin_a word_n in_o sound_n &_o termination_n but_o be_v therein_o much_o lighten_v especial_o by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o rightworshipfull_a m._n doct._n yale_n of_o london_n i_o trust_v i_o have_v deserve_v less_o blame_n in_o that_o then_o in_o any_o other_o one_o part_n of_o my_o translation_n how_o be_v it_o for_o my_o little_a skill_n in_o that_o tongue_n i_o be_o the_o more_o i_o hope_v to_o be_v bear_v with_o all_o and_o where_o as_o the_o author_n in_o the_o latin_a copy_n recite_v the_o peculiar_a letter_n &_o the_o pronunciation_n of_o they_o with_o the_o propriety_n of_o the_o british_a tongue_n in_o steed_n of_o a_o double_a letter_n as_o dd_v or_o a_o letter_n with_o a_o aspiration_n as_o lh_o will_v for_o brevety_n sake_n have_v they_o write_v with_o the_o same_o letter_n &_o a_o prick_n under_o the_o foot_n for_o want_n of_o the_o like_o letter_n we_o have_v throughout_o the_o whole_a work_n express_v the_o same_o to_o that_o very_a effect_n in_o the_o double_a letter_n or_o with_o aspiration_n from_o place_n to_o place_n where_o he_o have_v use_v the_o same_o under_o prick_v letter_n so_o that_o hereby_o save_v for_o his_o conceit_n of_o write_v there_o be_v no_o error_n commit_v at_o al._n and_o herein_o i_o think_v it_o needful_a to_o admonish_v thou_o moreover_o if_o there_o shall_v haply_o appear_v any_o fault_n by_o we_o now_o commit_v either_o in_o misname_a any_o person_n town_n or_o other_o thing_n wrong_n place_v of_o word_n evil_a allegation_n of_o writer_n alter_v of_o the_o author_n mean_v by_o false_a point_v one_o word_n put_v for_o a_o other_o or_o such_o like_a the_o truth_n whereof_o i_o can_v not_o exact_o try_v out_o by_o diligent_a animadversion_n or_o due_a conference_n in_o so_o short_a time_n i_o most_o hearty_o crave_v pardon_n and_o must_v needs_o impute_v the_o most_o part_n thereof_o unto_o the_o falseness_n a_o disordre_fw-fr of_o the_o latin_a copy_n print_v at_o colone_n who_o errata_fw-la be_v more_o than_o i_o have_v common_o see_v in_o a_o book_n of_o no_o great_a quantity_n &_o yet_o if_o the_o printer_n will_v have_v note_v all_o he_o shall_v have_v note_v twice_o so_o many_o as_o

they_o come_v of_o englishman_n where_o as_o they_o and_o the_o englishman_n count_n the_o other_o scot_n but_o rude_a and_o barbarous_a these_o nation_n as_o i_o say_v until_o that_o honorius_n come_v to_o the_o empire_n which_o be_v about_o the_o year_n of_o the_o lord_n four_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o molest_v the_o north_n part_n of_o britain_n with_o incursion_n and_o robbery_n at_o which_o time_n have_v call_v a_o power_n out_o of_o ireland_n to_o help_v they_o as_o gyldas_n and_o bede_n do_v avouch_v under_o conduct_v of_o reuda_n establish_v themselves_o a_o kingdom_n in_o the_o west_n part_n of_o albania_n but_o the_o readshanks_n possess_v the_o east_n region_n whereas_o first_o they_o make_v war_n against_o the_o roman_n and_o the_o britain_n and_o afterward_o with_o the_o englishman_n and_o dane_n sometime_o they_o be_v confederate_a sometime_o they_o war_v diverse_o until_o about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n eight_o hundred_o and_o forty_o all_o the_o redshank_n be_v destroy_v by_o kennethus_n king_n of_o scot_n in_o somuch_o that_o their_o name_n and_o kingdom_n cease_v to_o be_v any_o long_o in_o britain_n who_o country_n the_o scot_n add_v unto_o their_o own_o which_o to_o this_o day_n be_v renown_v in_o britain_n this_o much_o i_o have_v to_o say_v of_o the_o scot_n and_o redshank_n according_a to_o the_o verity_n of_o the_o history_n howbeit_o i_o know_v well_o how_o boethius_n a_o most_o vain_a reporter_n of_o fable_n impudent_o affirm_v that_o they_o reign_v in_o britain_n three_o hundred_o year_n before_o christ_n be_v bear_v and_o he_o feign_v that_o there_o be_v so_o many_o king_n so_o many_o war_n by_o they_o most_o valiant_o wage_v against_o the_o roman_n so_o many_o wholesome_a law_n and_o statute_n in_o britain_n by_o they_o institute_v as_o neither_o lucian_n in_o his_o fabulous_a narration_n neither_o the_o author_n of_o the_o book_n of_o amadis_n of_o gaul_n nor_o witty_a ariostus_n in_o his_o orlando_n furioso_n have_v ever_o commend_v unto_o we_o in_o fable_n but_o to_o the_o intent_n that_o i_o may_v set_v forth_o the_o most_o beastly_a man_n in_o his_o colour_n &_o that_o the_o sleight_n and_o subtlety_n wherewith_o he_o endevour_v to_o blear_v all_o man_n eye_n may_v be_v display_v i_o will_v brief_o touch_v certain_a of_o his_o most_o vain_a trifle_n &_o such_o as_o all_o man_n of_o wit_n and_o understand_v may_v easy_o perceive_v to_o be_v stark_o lie_v and_o here_o i_o let_v pas_fw-fr egyptian_a fable_n and_o of_o the_o stock_n and_o race_n of_o scottish_a king_n in_o britain_n before_o caesar_n come_v where_o he_o affirm_v that_o caesar_n be_v vanquish_v by_o the_o scot_n and_o flee_v out_o of_o britain_n who_o afterward_o send_v ambassador_n unto_o the_o scot_n and_o redshank_n to_o request_v their_o friendship_n and_o that_o at_o last_o he_o conduct_v his_o roman_a army_n in_o to_o the_o forest_n caledonia_n also_o that_o augustus_n send_v his_o messenger_n unto_o metellus_n king_n of_o scot_n to_o entreat_v he_o for_o peace_n moreover_o he_o make_v cataracus_n a_o britain_n and_o son_n to_o king_n cynobellinus_n as_o dion_n a_o most_o famous_a author_n report_v king_n of_o scotland_n he_o stick_v not_o to_o avouch_v that_o the_o brigant_n siluri_n and_o ordovici_fw-la be_v scot_n he_o sheweth_z how_o dangerous_a the_o expedition_n be_v of_o claudius_n the_o emperor_n and_o describe_v great_a war_n between_o he_o and_o canus_n the_o king_n of_o the_o orchades_n he_o write_v that_o voadicia_n the_o most_o renown_a queen_n voadicia_n of_o iceni_n who_o valiant_a deed_n against_o the_o roman_n tacitus_n and_o also_o dion_n have_v make_v know_v to_o the_o world_n veusius_fw-la earl_n of_o brigant_n cartimandua_n the_o queen_n be_v all_o scot_n and_o final_o there_o be_v no_o one_o thing_n wherein_o the_o roman_n or_o britain_n behave_v themselves_o courageous_o or_o wise_o in_o britain_n which_o this_o monster_n do_v not_o ascribe_v unto_o his_o feign_a scot_n and_o which_o at_o that_o time_n be_v unknown_a to_o the_o world_n and_o he_o have_v not_o only_o transcribe_v the_o mind_n but_o also_o whole_a sentence_n and_o oration_n of_o tacitus_n into_o his_o book_n always_o change_a the_o name_n of_o nation_n and_o city_n like_o a_o malicious_a falsifier_n with_o out_o all_o shame_n or_o honesty_n he_o say_v caesar_n &_o tacitus_n write_v these_o thing_n of_o the_o redshank_n and_o those_o of_o the_o scot_n &_o that_o these_o nation_n make_v such_o and_o so_o many_o war_n when_o as_o in_o deed_n the_o name_n of_o scot_n or_o redshank_n be_v not_o at_o all_o to_o be_v find_v in_o these_o most_o noble_a writer_n and_o true_o it_o be_v not_o like_a that_o caesar_n be_v avery_n wise_a gentleman_n when_o he_o have_v thorough_o learn_v the_o state_n &_o manner_n of_o the_o britain_n and_o irishman_n will_v with_o silence_n have_v overpass_o the_o name_n of_o the_o scot_n and_o redshank_n special_o have_v send_v ambassador_n unto_o their_o king_n neither_o be_v it_o probable_a that_o tacitus_n a_o famous_a man_n and_o very_o expert_a in_o the_o state_n of_o britain_n and_o other_o country_n when_o he_o describe_v the_o expedition_n of_o agricola_n his_o father_n in_o law_n in_o to_o britain_n and_o as_o it_o be_v depeynt_v forth_o the_o sheyre_n peoples_z portes_n and_o river_n of_o that_o region_n by_o their_o proper_a name_n &_o make_v mention_n of_o a_o certain_a earl_n of_o ireland_n take_v by_o agricola_n know_v not_o also_o the_o name_n of_o scot_n and_o redshank_n with_o who_o boethius●ayneth_v ●ayneth_z he_o wage_v that_o war_n when_o as_o in_o every_o place_n he_o seem_v to_o call_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o albion_n britain_n and_o it_o have_v stand_v much_o more_o with_o agricolas_fw-la honour_n be_v a_o worthy_a man_n who_o tacitus_n also_o by_o his_o work_n endeavour_v to_o make_v more_o noble_a to_o have_v subdue_v unknown_a nation_n and_o such_o as_o ●ead_a on_o man_n flesh_n such_o as_o it_o shall_v be_v prove_v that_o the_o scot_n be_v long_a time_n after_o rather_o then_o the_o britain_n which_o be_v sufficient_o know_v to_o the_o roman_n also_o dion_n a_o man_n which_o have_v be_v consul_n and_o familiar_a with_o severus_n the_o emperor_n and_o unto_o he_o dear_o belove_v whilst_o he_o declare_v his_o expedition_n into_o britain_n at_o large_a not_o once_o speak_v of_o the_o scot_n or_o redshank_n b●ing_v very_o well_o know_v to_o all_o man_n that_o he_o convey_v all_o his_o force_n and_o power_n into_o albania_n or_o scotland_n for_o quoth_v dion_n the_o meati_fw-la &_o caledonij_fw-la two_o diverse_a kind_n of_o britain_n revolt_a from_o the_o roman_n and_o severus_n call_v together_o his_o soldier_n command_v they_o to_o innate_a their_o country_n and_o kill_v all_o that_o ever_o they_o meet_v and_o thus_o he_o charge_v they_o in_o these_o word_n let_v none_o escape_v your_o hand_n away_o nor_o cruel_a bloody_a broil_n no_o tender_a imp_n though_o in_o her_o womb_n the_o dame_n there_o with_o do_v toil_n let_v he_o not_o escape_v a_o woeful_a death_n when_o severus_n come_v into_o caledonia_n he_o fight_v never_o a_o battle_n neither_o see_v he_o any_o power_n of_o his_o enemy_n in_o a_o readiness_n and_o so_o pass_a throughout_o all_o his_o enemy_n land_n have_v not_o lose_v in_o fight_n but_o by_o water_n and_o hunger_n fifty_o thousand_o man_n return_v unto_o his_o fellow_n if_o the_o scot_n have_v be_v in_o britain_n at_o that_o time_n the_o reporter_n hereof_o be_v a_o friend_n neither_o after_o he_o herodian_a who_o in_o sufficient_a long_a discourse_n have_v set_v forth_o that_o voyage_n will_v have_v defraud_v a_o emperor_n so_o ambitious_a and_o thirsty_a of_o honour_n as_o severꝰ_n be_v of_o his_o due_a praise_n wherefore_o it_o be_v as_o evident_a as_o noon_n day_n that_o at_o this_o time_n which_o be_v about_o two_o hundred_o and_o two_o year_n after_o the_o incarnation_n of_o our_o lord_n the_o scot_n have_v no_o seat_n in_o britain_n over_o and_o beside_o all_o this_o neither_o eutropius_n neither_o spartianus_n neither_o capitolinus_n neither_o lampridius_n neither_o vopiscus_n nor_o aurelius_n victor_n who_o have_v all_o write_v the_o expedition_n and_o war_n of_o the_o roman_a emperor_n in_o britain_n have_v in_o any_o plate_n make_v mention_v of_o the_o scottish_n or_o readshank_n name_n although_o therefore_o i_o suppose_v that_o these_o argument_n be_v sufficient_a to_o improve_v and_o condemn_v the_o ●eere_o trifle_n of_o boethius_n notwithstanding_o i_o will_v light_o touch_v two_o of_o his_o history_n which_o by_o the_o author_n be_v setfoorth_o at_o large_a enough_o with_o word_n a_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a long_o but_o i_o pray_v you_o when_o you_o be_v let_v to_o look_v your_o laughter_n friend_n you_o will_v refrain_v in_o the_o second_o book_n of_o his_o fable_n he_o write_v how_o that_o ptolomaeus_n philadelphus_n king_n

of_o egypt_n send_v forth_o his_o orator_n unto_o reutha_n king_n of_o scot_n that_o by_o the_o view_n take_v and_o report_n of_o his_o near_a countryman_n namely_o such_o as_o have_v come_v lineal_o from_o the_o egyptian_n he_o may_v understand_v the_o situation_n and_o form_n of_o the_o country_n together_o with_o the_o condition_n and_o manner_n of_o the_o people_n to_o the_o intent_n that_o he_o may_v set_v down_o the_o same_o in_o his_o work_n of_o cosmography_n which_o he_o have_v then_o in_o hand_n which_o orator_n be_v right_o courteous_o entertain_v be_v afterward_o lead_v through_o all_o the_o region_n and_o town_n of_o scot_n and_o redshank_n at_o last_o be_v large_o reward_v return_v into_o egypt_n oh_o noble_a and_o worthy_a deed_n of_o a_o gentleman_n but_o most_o unthankful_a ptolomaeus_n and_o unmindful_a of_o so_o great_a reward_n who_o after_o that_o he_o have_v send_v his_o ambassador_n into_o country_n so_o far_o distant_a have_v leave_v no_o shire_n yea_o almost_a no_o town_n in_o all_o britain_n in_o that_o worthy_a work_n of_o his_o unspoken_a of_o which_o be_v set_v forth_o not_o by_o the_o king_n but_o long_o time_n after_o by_o another_o ptolomaeus_n pheludensis_fw-la a_o philosopher_n very_o well_o learned_a only_o his_o well-beloved_a cousin_n the_o scot_n and_o readshanks_n he_o have_v leave_v rake_v up_o in_o their_o own_o darkness_n neither_o once_o vouchsafe_v in_o his_o book_n wherein_o he_o make_v a_o most_o perfect_a description_n of_o all_o albania_n to_o express_v so_o much_o as_o their_o name_n nay_o rather_o boethius_n it_o be_v a_o sin_n to_o believe_v that_o such_o a_o king_n when_o he_o have_v send_v thither_o his_o legate_n and_o recite_v all_o the_o city_n and_o people_n of_o albania_n to_o have_v be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o nation_n name_n and_o in_o describe_v the_o situation_n of_o the_o region_n so_o to_o have_v vary_v from_o the_o truth_n for_o he_o which_o set_v forth_o that_o noble_a work_n about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o redemption_n one_o hundred_o and_o forty_o appear_v in_o no_o place_n to_o speak_v of_o the_o scot_n and_o redshank_n which_o at_o that_o time_n be_v unknown_a to_o the_o world_n this_o be_v omit_v let_v we_o come_v to_o the_o second_o fable_n wherein_o gentle_a reader_n whether_o i_o shall_v move_v thou_o to_o laugh_v ter_z or_o loathsomeness_n i_o be_o uncertain_a he_o write_v that_o one_o gyllus_n usurp_v by_o gyllus_n force_n the_o kingdom_n of_o scotland_n before_o the_o come_v of_o caesar_n into_o britain_n who_o after_o that_o he_o have_v commit_v many_o cruel_a deed_n at_o length_n by_o euenus_n the_o lawful_a heir_n one_o cadallus_n be_v captain_n be_v in_o ireland_n vanquish_v in_o bloody_a fight_n and_o afterward_o slay_v of_o this_o slaughter_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o irishman_n be_v afflict_v with_o the_o force_n &_o arm_n of_o the_o albion_a scot_n the_o poet_n claudianus_n &_o other_o writer_n have_v entreat_v whereby_o he_o make_v the_o noble_a poet_n claudianꝰ_n which_o live_v under_o honorius_n 410._o year_n after_o the_o incarnate_a word_n author_n of_o the_o scottish_n war_n against_o gyllus_n which_o unto_o he_o seem_v no_o inconvenience_n who_o in_o other_o place_n most_o impudent_o father_v his_o folly_n &_o fable_n upon_o caesar_n the_o dictator_n &_o tacitus_n in_o very_a deed_n claudianus_n have_v write_v of_o the_o gyldonicum_fw-la war_n make_v in_o africa_n by_o masticelis_n brother_n to_o gyldo_n gyldo_n cheiftaine_n therein_o and_o of_o the_o expedition_n which_o honorius_n take_v in_o hand_n against_o the_o brother_n that_o rebel_v but_o i_o beseech_v you_o my_o friend_n hector_n tell_v i_o whether_o you_o affirm_v this_o gear_n in_o jest_n or_o in_o good_a earnest_n that_o thereby_o we_o may_v judge_v of_o the_o residue_n or_o whether_o that_o you_o think_v you_o can_v deceive_v all_o man_n with_o your_o lie_n this_o gyldo_n be_v a_o goth_n no_o scot_n the_o war_n be_v in_o africa_n not_o in_o ireland_n this_o visible_a tyrant_n live_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 398._o but_o their_o feign_a &_o invisible_a gyllus_n be_v devise_v to_o have_v flourish_v 400._o year_n before_o beside_o these_o insulse_fw-la and_o unsavored_a lie_n he_o affirm_v that_o all_o the_o knowledge_n and_o learn_v of_o the_o druid_n druid_n come_v first_o unto_o the_o scot_n when_o as_o it_o plain_o appear_v unto_o such_o as_o be_v exercise_v in_o the_o read_v of_o history_n that_o philosophy_n and_o the_o liberal_a science_n be_v know_v to_o the_o celtae_n and_o britain_n long_o before_o they_o be_v to_o the_o greek_n and_o latin_n but_o as_o touch_v the_o wholesome_a law_n &_o institute_n which_o he_o false_o attribute_v unto_o the_o scot_n unto_o those_o which_o read_v solinus_n and_o mela_n depaynt_v forth_o the_o manner_n and_o nature_n of_o the_o irishman_n the_o truth_n hierom._n will_v appear_v likewise_o out_o of_o s._n hierome_n who_o we_o may_v better_v credit_n than_o boethius_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o at_o his_o time_n that_o be_v as_o much_o to_o say_v as_z in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 400._o the_o scot_n be_v accustom_v to_o eat_v man_n flesh_n for_o say_v he_o what_o shall_v i_o say_v of_o other_o nation_n when_o as_o i_o myself_o be_v but_o a_o young_a man_n see_v in_o france_n scot_n which_o feed_v on_o man_n flesh_n and_o when_o as_o they_o chance_v to_o find_v in_o the_o wood_n any_o herd_n of_o hog_n also_o any_o drove_n of_o cattle_n or_o beast_n they_o use_v to_o cut_v of_o the_o buttock_n of_o the_o herd_n man_n and_o keeper_n and_o the_o pap_n of_o woman_n account_v those_o part_n for_o a_o most_o delicate_a dish_n these_o scot_n as_o though_o they_o follow_v plato_n common_a wealth_n have_v no_o peculiar_a wife_n of_o their_o own_o but_o as_o their_o lechery_n move_v they_o say_v he_o run_v lascivious_o about_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o beast_n this_o much_o s._n hierome_n since_o therefore_o it_o be_v certain_o prove_v out_o of_o this_o true_a author_n that_o they_o be_v so_o barbarous_a at_o his_o time_n it_o be_v not_o like_a that_o so_o many_o hundred_o year_n before_o as_o boethius_n do_v fain_o they_o be_v rule_v with_o so_o many_o good_a law_n and_o wholesome_a institute_n neither_o do_v i_o for_o my_o part_n write_v this_o to_o the_o intent_n i_o will_v detract_v any_o thing_n from_o the_o scottish_a glory_n in_o so_o much_o as_o i_o know_v very_o well_o that_o this_o nation_n after_o that_o it_o have_v depart_v from_o barbarousness_n and_o embrace_v christian_a religion_n and_o obey_v law_n and_o right_n precise_o like_o other_o people_n be_v so_o firmlye_o join_v in_o league_n of_o friendship_n with_o our_o britain_n that_o we_o read_v how_o in_o many_o war_n th`one_a nation_n aid_v the_o other_o i_o acknowledge_v also_o that_o many_o thing_n have_v be_v by_o they_o do_v both_o wise_o &_o valiant_o in_o britain_n france_n and_o italy_n and_o that_o the_o englishman_n howbeit_o a_o strong_a nation_n seldom_o assay_v the_o scot_n in_o war_n but_o that_o they_o be_v always_o ready_a with_o all_o their_o force_n to_o join_v with_o they_o in_o battle_n which_o be_v no_o sign_n of_o a_o cowardly_a or_o heart_n less_o people_n but_o i_o write_v this_o only_a to_o this_o intent_n that_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o history_n may_v be_v know_v and_o that_o the_o scot_n themselves_o may_v contemn_v this_o fabler_n &_o hold_v themselves_o content_v with_o this_o that_o together_o with_o the_o saxon_n frenchman_n &_o englishman_n most_o noble_a nation_n they_o be_v first_o know_v to_o the_o roman_a world_n and_o now_o let_v we_o see_v what_o substantial_a &_o approve_a writer_n who_o both_o we_o &_o they_o must_v credit_v have_v transport_v to_o memory_n touch_v the_o scot_n and_o redshank_n the_o first_o therefore_o of_o the_o roman_n so_o far_o as_o i_o know_v mamertinus_n in_o his_o panegyricus_n call_v maximinianꝰ_n make_v mention_n of_o the_o redshank_n by_o these_o word_n and_o true_o not_o like_a as_o there_o be_v but_o one_o name_n of_o britain_n so_o shall_v the_o loss_n be_v but_o small_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o a_o land_n so_o plentiful_a of_o corn_n so_o flourish_v with_o number_n of_o pasture_n so_o flow_v with_o river_n of_o metal_n so_o gainful_a for_o revenue_n so_o welbeset_v with_o haven_n so_o wide_a in_o circuit_n which_o when_o cesar_n first_o of_o the_o romans_n &_o the_o beginner_n of_o this_o your_o name_n enter_v into_o write_v that_o he_o have_v find_v another_o world_n suppose_v it_o to_o be_v so_o big_a that_o it_o seem_v not_o to_o be_v compass_v with_o the_o ocean_n but_o rather_o to_o compass_v the_o ocean_n about_o but_o at_o that_o time_n britain_n be_v nothing_o furnish_v with_o ship_n for_o war_n by_o sea_n and_o the_o roman_n after_o the_o punic_a and_o asiatic_a war_n have_v

have_v purpose_v end_v the_o war_n require_v yet_o more_o pledge_n of_o who_o notwithstanding_o he_o receive_v but_o few_o so_o caesar_n return_v in_o to_o the_o continent_n &_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v unquiet_a during_o his_o absence_n he_o appease_v gain_v nothing_o to_o himself_o nor_o to_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n out_o of_o britain_n but_o only_o the_o glory_n of_o the_o expedition_n take_v in_o hand_n which_o both_o he_o himself_o do_v very_o much_o set_v forth_o in_o word_n and_o the_o roman_n extol_v wonderful_o at_o rome_n in_o so_o much_o that_o in_o consideration_n of_o these_o deed_n so_o happy_o atcheeve_v they_o decree_v a_o supplication_n or_o thanks_n give_n of_o twenty_o day_n and_o in_o another_o place_n the_o britain_n call_v forth_o their_o fellow_n and_o communicate_v the_o effect_n of_o their_o intent_n unto_o suella_n who_o amongst_o all_o the_o petiroye_n or_o earl_n of_o that_o island_n be_v of_o great_a power_n they_o march_v unto_o the_o roman_a ship_n where_o they_o ride_v at_o anchor_n with_o who_o the_o roman_n meet_v at_o the_o first_o encounter_n be_v trouble_v with_o the_o wagon_n but_o anon_o make_v a_o lane_n amongst_o they_o and_o avoid_v the_o wagon_n they_o cast_v their_o dart_n against_o the_o enemy_n which_o come_v run_v in_o sidelonge_v upon_o they_o and_o so_o restore_v the_o battle_n after_o this_o battle_n both_o part_n stand_v still_o in_o the_o same_o place_n and_o in_o another_o conflict_n when_o the_o barbarous_a people_n have_v overcome_v the_o roman_a footman_n yet_o be_v discomfit_v by_o the_o horseman_n retire_v back_o to_o the_o river_n thames_n moreover_o herodian_a in_o the_o life_n of_o severus_n write_v thus_o of_o the_o britain_n for_o diverse_a place_n of_o britain_n say_v he_o by_o common_a wash_v in_o of_o the_o ocean_n do_v become_v marish_a in_o these_o marsh_n therefore_o the_o earbarous_a people_n do_v swim_v and_o wade_v up_o to_o the_o belly_n not_o regard_v the_o mier_a and_o durte_v of_o their_o naked_a body_n for_o they_o know_v not_o the_o use_v of_o garment_n but_o they_o arm_v their_o belly_n &_o their_o neck_n suppose_v that_o to_o be_v a_o ornament_n &_o a_o token_n of_o riches_n like_v as_o other_o barbarous_a people_n do_v gold_n they_o paint_a also_o their_o body_n with_o diverse_a picture_n and_o shape_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o beast_n &_o live_v thing_n wherefore_o they_o wear_v on_o nothing_o lest_o thereby_o they_o shall_v hide_v the_o paint_a of_o their_o body_n it_o be_v a_o very_a warlike_a nation_n and_o greedy_a of_o slaughter_n content_v only_o with_o a_o narrow_a shield_n and_o a_o spear_n and_o a_o sword_n hang_v down_o by_o their_o naked_a side_n they_o be_v altogether_o ignorant_a of_o the_o use_n of_o the_o breastplate_n and_o headpiece_n take_v they_o to_o be_v a_o let_v unto_o they_o in_o pass_v over_o the_o fen_n and_o marsh_n beside_o these_o eutropius_n of_o the_o french_n war_n write_v thus_o caesar_n pass_v over_o into_o britain_n have_v thereto_o prepare_v lxxx_o ship_n partly_o for_o burden_n and_o partly_o to_o fight_v and_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o britain_n where_o be_v first_o weary_v with_o a_o sharp_a battle_n and_o afterward_o fall_a into_o a_o cruel_a tempest_n return_v into_o france_n and_o so_o forth_o and_o afterward_o again_o at_o the_o beginning_a of_o the_o spring_v he_o sail_v into_o britain_n where_o at_o the_o first_o encounter_n of_o the_o horseman_n he_o be_v vanquish_v and_o there_o be_v labienus_n the_o tribune_n slay_v and_o at_o the_o second_o battle_n with_o great_a peril_n of_o his_o own_o man_n he_o overcome_v the_o britain_n and_o constrain_v they_o to_o fly_v suetonius_n tranquillus_n affirm_v that_o vespasianus_n overcome_v in_o battle_n two_o mighty_a and_o valiant_a nation_n of_o britain_n and_o that_o he_o fight_v thirty_o time_n with_o the_o enemy_n which_o be_v a_o token_n of_o no_o cowardly_a but_o of_o a_o most_o stout_a and_o warlike_a nation_n eutropius_n also_o in_o the._n ix_o book_n of_o his_o history_n write_v thus_o when_o notwithstanding_o war_n be_v in_o vain_a make_v against_o carausius_n the_o britain_n a_o man_n very_o expert_a in_o martial_a assayre_n in_o the_o end_n peace_n be_v conclude_v and_o sextus_n ruffus_n recite_v britain_n the_o roman_a legion_n among_o the_o legion_n of_o the_o master_n of_o the_o footman_n reckon_v up_o britannicians_n and_o british_a and_o among_o the_o legion_n comitalensis_fw-la the_o second_o british_a legion_n and_o again_o among_o the_o legion_n of_o the_o master_n of_o the_o horseman_n the_o french_a briton_n and_o again_o britons_n and_o afterward_o with_o the_o worthy_a &_o approve_a earl_n of_o spain_n the_o invincible_a young_a briton_n and_o in_o a_o other_o place_n he_o number_v the_o young_a british_a carriar_n with_o the_o earl_n of_o britain_n but_o what_o shall_v it_o be_v needful_a to_o tu●n_v over_o the_o work_v of_o so_o many_o learned_a man_n that_o the_o glory_n of_o britain_n may_v appear_v when_o as_o so_o many_o puissant_a king_n so_o many_o invincible_a captain_n so_o many_o noble_a roman_a emperor_n spring_v forth_o of_o the_o british_a blood_n have_v make_v manifest_a unto_o the_o world_n by_o their_o noble_a act_n well_o worthy_a immortality_n what_o manner_n man_n this_o island_n bring_v forth_o for_o what_o shall_v i_o speak_v of_o brennus_n the_o tame_a of_o the_o roman_n and_o brennus_n greek_n and_o almost_o of_o all_o the_o nation_n in_o the_o world_n what_o of_o caswallan_n to_o caswalian_n who_o as_o lucan_n report_v julius_n caesar_n do_v turn_v his_o fearful_a back_n what_o cataracus_n of_o cataracus_n who_o molest_v the_o people_n of_o rome_n with_o war_n the_o space_n of_o ix_o year_n what_o of_o bunduica_n that_o valiant_a bunduica_fw-la manlike_a dame_n who_o to_o begin_v with_o all_o and_o for_o han●●ll_a sake_n slay_v lxx_o thousand_o roman_n of_o who_o such_o fear_n invade_v rome_n and_o italy_n as_o virunnius_n write_v as_o never_o the_o like_o before_o neither_o at_o come_v of_o brennus_n nor_o of_o hannibal_n what_o of_o aruiragus_n the_o aruiragus_n invincible_a king_n of_o britain_n who_o in_o despite_n of_o the_o roman_n which_o be_v lord_n of_o all_o the_o world_n preserve_v his_o liberty_n what_o of_o those_o noble_a captain_n which_o fight_v thirty_o time_n with_o vespasian_n who_o also_o with_o sorrow_n and_o angwise_o of_o mind_n kill_v severus_n the_o most_o valiant_a emperor_n because_o he_o can_v not_o overcome_v they_o what_o as_o i_o say_v shall_v i_o speak_v of_o these_o when_o as_o britain_n have_v yield_v forth_o &_o communicate_v to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o world_n constantinus_n magnus_n magnus_n not_o only_o a_o most_o valiant_a and_o fortunate_a captain_n but_o that_o more_o be_v a_o perfect_a goodman_n and_o the_o first_o emperor_n of_o the_o christian_n instruct_v by_o helen_n his_o mother_n a_o britain_n also_o how_o much_o france_n and_o italy_n for_o their_o delivery_n from_o tyrant_n be_v indebt_v unto_o britain_n for_o this_o man_n which_o be_v bring_v forth_o out_o of_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o bowel_n thereof_o all_o man_n do_v well_o know_v only_a polydorus_n except_v and_o william_n petit_n the_o monk_n his_o schoolmaster_n of_o late_o bring_v to_o light_n unworthy_a ever_o to_o have_v see_v light_a by_o the_o slanderer_n &_o detra●tours_n of_o the_o british_a glory_n and_o for_o as_o much_o as_o a_o certain_a frenchman_n of_o late_a day_n and_o also_o a_o ancient_a greek_a author_n of_o the_o name_n of_o mayor_n affirm_v that_o he_o be_v bear_v at_o dyrachium_n call_v now_o durazo_n i_o mean_v to_o bring_v forth_o the_o most_o ancient_a word_n of_o the_o panegyricus_n which_o be_v pronounce_v before_o constantinus_n himself_o oh_o say_v he_o most_o fortunate_a and_o now_o above_o all_o land_n most_o bless_a britain_n which_o do_v first_o behold_v constantinus_n the_o emperor_n nature_n have_v worthy_o endue_v thou_o with_o all_o benefit_n of_o air_n and_o soil_n in_o who_o be_v neither_o overmuch_o cold_a of_o winter_n nor_o heat_n of_o summer_n where_o there_o be_v also_o such_o plenty_n of_o corn_n that_o it_o suffice_v for_o the_o use_n of_o ceres_n and_o liber_n that_o be_v to_o say_v for_o bread_n and_o drink_v where_o be_v also_o wood_n without_o wild_a and_o cruel_a beast_n the_o earth_n without_o hurtful_a serpent_n contrariwise_o of_o tame_a cattle_n a_o innumerable_a multitude_n strut_v with_o milk_n and_o lade_v with_o fliese_n with_o all_o other_o thing_n necessary_a and_o commodious_a for_o our_o life_n very_o long_o day_n and_o no_o night_n without_o some_o light_n while_o that_o uttermost_a plain_n of_o the_o sea_n shore_n raise_v no_o shadow_n and_o the_o show_n and_o aspect_n of_o the_o star_n of_o heaven_n deo_fw-la exceed_v the_o bound_n of_o night_n that_o the_o sun_n which_o to_o we_o seem_v to_o go_v down_o appear_v there_o but_o to_o