politic_a moral_a and_o martial_a discourse_n write_a in_o french_a by_o m._n jaques_n hurault_n lord_n of_o vieul_n and_o of_o marais_n and_o one_o of_o the_o french_a king_n privy_a council_n dedicate_v by_o the_o author_n to_o the_o french-king_n majesty_n and_o translate_v into_o english_a by_o arthur_n golding_n london_n print_v by_o adam_n islip_n 1595._o to_o the_o right_n honourable_a his_o singular_a good_a lord_n william_n lord_n cobham_n l._n warden_n of_o the_o cinque_fw-fr port_n knight_n of_o the_o most_o noble_a order_n of_o the_o garter_n and_o one_o of_o her_o majesty_n most_o honourable_a privy_a counsel_n long_a continuance_n of_o health_n with_o much_o increase_n of_o honour_n and_o prosperity_n forasmuch_o as_o be_v unknown_a to_o your_o good_a lordship_n otherwise_o than_o by_o report_n yet_o notwithstanding_o i_o have_v taste_v of_o your_o goodness_n and_o favour_n to_o my_o great_a comfort_n in_o my_o trouble_n of_o the_o which_o when_o god_n will_v i_o hope_v 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pleasure_n as_o samuel_n tell_v the_o israelit_n when_o they_o choose_v their_o first_o king_n and_o as_o say_v othanes_n he_o pervert_v the_o law_n and_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n he_o ravish_v woman_n and_o he_o put_v folk_n to_o death_n without_o sentence_n of_o condemnation_n if_o you_o commend_v he_o modest_o he_o be_v discontent_v that_o you_o do_v it_o not_o excessive_o and_o if_o you_o commend_v he_o out_o of_o measure_n he_o be_v offend_v as_o though_o you_o do_v it_o of_o flattery_n polycrates_n the_o tyrant_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o samos_n make_v war_n upon_o all_o his_o neighbour_n without_o any_o respect_n say_v that_o he_o pleasure_v his_o friend_n the_o more_o in_o restore_v to_o he_o that_o which_o he_o have_v take_v from_o he_o than_o if_o he_o have_v not_o take_v ought_v from_o he_o first_o nevertheless_o it_o behove_v a_o prince_n to_o think_v that_o if_o he_o forget_v himself_o and_o do_v not_o his_o duty_n ne_o perform_v his_o charge_n as_o he_o ought_v to_o do_v beside_o that_o he_o shall_v yield_v a_o account_n for_o it_o before_o he_o that_o give_v he_o that_o charge_n posterity_n he_o shall_v not_o leave_v his_o kingdom_n to_o his_o posterity_n which_o thing_n denis_n the_o tyrant_n of_o siracuse_n do_v his_o son_n to_o understand_v rebuke_v he_o for_o the_o adultery_n and_o other_o crime_n that_o he_o have_v commit_v and_o declare_v unto_o he_o that_o he_o himself_o have_v not_o use_v such_o manner_n of_o deal_v when_o he_o be_v of_o that_o age_n whereunto_o his_o son_n answer_v he_o that_o he_o have_v not_o have_v a_o king_n to_o his_o father_n neither_o shall_v you_o quoth_v his_o father_n have_v a_o king_n to_o your_o son_n except_o you_o do_v better_o and_o as_o he_o have_v say_v so_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v peter_n king_n of_o castille_n for_o his_o tyranny_n and_o wicked_a demeanour_n towards_o his_o subject_n be_v first_o drive_v out_o of_o his_o realm_n by_o his_o bastard-brother_n aid_v with_o the_o help_n of_o such_o as_o hate_v peter_n and_o afterward_o when_o he_o have_v recover_v it_o again_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o the_o black_a prince_n as_o soon_o as_o his_o brother_n the_o bastard_n come_v again_o with_o any_o force_n all_o the_o country_n revolt_v from_o he_o to_o the_o bastard_n and_o the_o spaniard_n that_o be_v with_o he_o will_v neither_o put_v on_o armour_n nor_o mount_n on_o horseback_n at_o his_o commandment_n by_o reason_n whereof_o he_o be_v fain_o to_o crave_v succour_n of_o stranger_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o he_o lose_v the_o battle_n &_o with_o the_o battle_n both_o his_o kingdom_n and_o his_o life_n alfon_n the_o young_a king_n of_o naples_n have_v do_v many_o tyrannical_a deed_n flee_v dishonourble_o out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n at_o the_o come_n of_o charles_n the_o 8._o king_n of_o france_n and_o as_o guicciardine_n report_v be_v torment_v with_o the_o sting_n of_o his_o own_o conscience_n find_v no_o rest_n of_o mind_n day_n nor_o night_n for_o a_o night-time_n those_o 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place_n he_o say_v that_o when_o folk_n find_v themselves_o harry_v and_o tread_v underfoot_o by_o the_o richersort_n they_o be_v constrain_v to_o have_v recourse_n to_o some_o man_n of_o excellent_a prowess_n to_o defend_v they_o from_o the_o oppression_n of_o the_o mighty_a sort_n and_o to_o maintain_v both_o great_a and_o small_a in_o a_o kind_n of_o equality_n of_o the_o same_o opinion_n likewise_o be_v aristotle_n because_o the_o man_n of_o old_a time_n say_v he_o be_v benefactor_n to_o the_o commonalty_n either_o by_o the_o invention_n and_o practice_n of_o art_n or_o by_o make_v war_n in_o their_o behalf_n or_o by_o assemble_v they_o together_o into_o corporation_n and_o by_o allot_v they_o their_o territory_n the_o multitude_n do_v willing_o create_v they_o king_n &_o so_o they_o convey_v their_o kingdom_n over_o by_o succession_n to_o their_o posterity_n pliny_n say_v that_o the_o athenian_n be_v the_o first_o that_o bring_v up_o the_o popular_a government_n which_o 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of_o never_o so_o mean_a degree_n do_v common_o take_v example_n at_o that_o which_o he_o see_v do_v by_o his_o superior_n and_o especial_o by_o the_o prince_n who_o be_v a_o lookingglass_n to_o all_o his_o subject_n and_o in_o deed_n we_o see_v how_o the_o egyptian_n give_v themselves_o to_o the_o mathematical_a science_n because_o the_o most_o part_n of_o their_o king_n love_v those_o science_n because_o the_o king_n of_o asia_n give_v themselves_o to_o all_o delicacy_n the_o people_n of_o that_o country_n be_v very_o delicate_a and_o effeminate_a because_o nero_n love_v player_n of_o interlude_n singingman_n and_o player_n upon_o instrument_n there_o be_v not_o that_o senator_n who_o child_n study_v not_o those_o art_n in_o the_o time_n of_o marcus_n aurelius_n his_o house_n be_v full_a of_o wise_a and_o modest_a servant_n in_o the_o time_n of_o his_o son_n commodus_n kingdom_n the_o palace_n be_v full_a of_o naughtypack_n &_o folk_n of_o lewd_a conversation_n and_o the_o say_v 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ruin_n by_o it_o but_o agrippa_n pacify_v the_o whole_a matter_n by_o his_o eloquence_n and_o bring_v the_o people_n back_o to_o obedience_n when_o they_o have_v already_o band_v themselves_o in_o company_n pisistratus_n handle_v the_o athenian_n so_o cunning_o with_o the_o finesse_n of_o his_o tongue_n that_o he_o make_v himself_o king_n of_o athens_n such_o as_o be_v send_v by_o cinna_n to_o have_v slay_v antony_n the_o orator_n be_v so_o surprise_v with_o his_o eloquence_n that_o when_o they_o hear_v he_o speak_v they_o have_v no_o mind_n at_o all_o to_o kill_v he_o the_o eloquence_n of_o cicero_n cause_v the_o disannul_n of_o the_o law_n for_o the_o divide_n of_o land_n whereof_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n have_v conceive_v so_o great_a like_n and_o which_o have_v be_v so_o often_o propound_v in_o so_o much_o that_o when_o they_o have_v hear_v he_o speak_v they_o utter_o abolish_v it_o for_o ever_o whereof_o pliny_n make_v a_o wonder_n the_o like_a grace_n of_o speech_n enforce_v 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in_o understanding_n but_o also_o in_o action_n for_o even_o as_o in_o physic_n or_o music_n it_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o be_v skilful_a of_o the_o art_n speculation_n but_o there_o must_v also_o be_v a_o practice_n of_o the_o action_n that_o depend_v upon_o the_o art_n and_o science_n so_o in_o the_o science_n of_o government_n a_o prince_n must_v be_v practise_v in_o that_o which_o concern_v action_n rather_o than_o in_o that_o which_o concern_v contemplation_n can_v he_o think_v himself_o to_o be_v of_o good_a skill_n which_o when_o he_o be_v to_o go_v in_o hand_n with_o his_o work_n find_v it_o clean_o contrary_a to_o his_o imagination_n sure_o as_o terence_n say_v there_o be_v never_o yet_o any_o man_n so_o well_o advise_v aforehand_o in_o his_o determination_n who_o age_n &_o experience_n have_v not_o cross_v with_o some_o strange_a encounter_n so_o as_o he_o have_v find_v himself_o to_o seek_v in_o the_o thing_n wherein_o he_o think_v himself_o most_o skilful_a and_o when_o 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prince_n and_o have_v bear_v the_o the_o title_n of_o father_n to_o his_o people_n the_o other_o never_o attain_v so_o near_o nor_o be_v so_o much_o belove_v as_o he_o for_o all_o his_o liberality_n degree_n there_o be_v yet_o one_o other_o sort_n of_o recompense_n and_o that_o be_v of_o honour_n and_o profit_v match_v together_o when_o man_n attain_v to_o dignity_n by_o degree_n as_o when_o a_o mean_a soldier_n become_v the_o leader_n of_o a_o squadron_n captain_n master_n of_o the_o camp_n and_o colonel_n and_o when_o a_o man_n of_o arm_n mount_v by_o degree_n to_o be_v chief_a harbinger_n guidon_n ensign_n lieutenant_n then_o chief_a of_o the_o company_n great_a master_n admiral_n marshal_n and_o so_o forth_o service_n also_o to_o the_o intent_n that_o the_o prince_n forget_v not_o they_o that_o do_v he_o service_n and_o deserve_v recompense_n because_o they_o be_v so_o great_a a_o number_n that_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v of_o memory_n sufficient_a to_o remember_v they_o all_o it_o 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better_o than_o those_o that_o be_v but_o new_o come_v in_o and_o as_o the_o proverb_n say_v a_o man_n must_v first_o know_v ere_o he_o can_v love_v beside_o this_o affection_n they_o be_v the_o better_o acquaint_v with_o his_o humour_n and_o the_o better_o experience_v in_o his_o affair_n for_o practice_n make_v man_n sufficient_a and_o the_o new_a come_v be_v as_o easy_a to_o be_v corrupt_v as_o the_o old_a servitor_n when_o the_o way_n to_o corruption_n be_v once_o set_v open_a moreover_o they_o that_o come_v fresh_a try_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o make_v their_o hand_n of_o the_o bounty_n and_o liberality_n of_o the_o prince_n insomuch_o that_o most_o common_o the_o often_o that_o there_o be_v a_o change_n the_o often_o the_o princess_n purse_n be_v empty_v record_v hereof_o be_v the_o fable_n of_o the_o slain_a fox_n who_o will_v not_o suffer_v the_o fly_n to_o be_v drive_v from_o he_o that_o have_v feed_v upon_o he_o for_o sear_v least_o when_o they_o be_v go_v there_o will_v come_v 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the_o come_n in_o of_o riches_n do_v the_o more_o sharpen_v the_o desire_n of_o hoard_v up_o and_o of_o covet_v still_o to_o have_v the_o scythian_n on_o a_o time_n say_v thus_o to_o alexander_n what_o need_n have_v thou_o of_o riches_n which_o do_v enforce_v thou_o to_o covet_v ever_o more_o and_o more_o thou_o be_v the_o first_o that_o of_o abundance_n have_v make_v penury_n insomuch_o that_o the_o more_o thou_o possesse_v the_o more_o eager_o do_v thou_o covet_v that_o which_o thou_o have_v not_o plutarch_n in_o his_o book_n of_o covetousness_n 〈◊〉_d say_v that_o all_o other_o lust_n do_v help_v towards_o the_o assuage_n of_o themselves_o but_o this_o vice_n do_v ever_o withstand_v it_o for_o there_o be_v never_o any_o glutton_n that_o through_o gluttony_n forbear_v the_o pleasant_a morsel_n that_o he_o like_v nor_o drunkard_n that_o through_o drunkenness_n forbear_v the_o good_a wine_n but_o the_o covetous_a man_n through_o covetousness_n forbear_v to_o touch_v his_o money_n which_o be_v as_o strange_a a_o thing_n as_o if_o we_o shall_v see_v a_o man_n refuse_v to_o put_v on_o a_o good_a gown_n because_o he_o quake_v for_o cold_a or_o to_o refuse_v meat_n because_o he_o be_v ready_a to_o die_v for_o hunger_n covetousness_n compel_v man_n to_o get_v and_o forbid_v they_o to_o enjoy_v that_o they_o have_v get_v it_o stir_v up_o the_o appetite_n and_o bereave_v the_o pleasure_n in_o so_o much_o that_o the_o covetous_a person_n want_v as_o well_o that_o which_o he_o have_v as_o that_o which_o he_o have_v not_o and_o he_o liken_v they_o to_o mule_n which_o though_o they_o carry_v great_a store_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n on_o their_o back_n yet_o they_o themselves_o do_v feed_v upon_o hay_n yet_o do_v not_o this_o import_n that_o a_o man_n shall_v not_o make_v account_n of_o money_n and_o provide_v therewith_o for_o his_o necessity_n but_o that_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v do_v after_o a_o reasonable_a manner_n and_o of_o purpose_n to_o bestow_v it_o well_o in_o 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you_o reserve_v they_o for_o your_o heir_n until_o that_o time_n they_o be_v none_o of_o you_o for_o he_o that_o be_v a_o slave_n to_o his_o money_n can_v have_v no_o good_a of_o his_o riches_n but_o a_o man_n of_o understanding_n take_v the_o present_a use_n of_o his_o good_n and_o he_o that_o will_v not_o use_v they_o be_v needy_a of_o all_o thing_n and_o as_o plutarch_n say_v in_o his_o book_n of_o the_o desire_n of_o riches_n richness_n consist_v in_o the_o not_o have_v of_o superfluous_a thing_n for_o niggardliness_n come_v of_o a_o inordinat_fw-la covet_v to_o have_v and_o we_o see_v how_o such_o as_o sometime_o have_v neither_o bread_n nor_o drink_n nor_o house_n nor_o home_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o come_v to_o be_v rich_a have_v occupy_v their_o mind_n about_o gold_n and_o silver_n horse_n and_o hound_n change_v the_o desire_n of_o thing_n needful_a into_o the_o desire_n of_o thing_n dangerfull_a rare_a hard_a to_o be_v get_v and_o unaccustomed_a therefore_o whosoever_o 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sell_v for_o fear_v he_o shall_v leave_v they_o poor_a but_o to_o pine_v a_o man_n self_n for_o their_o sake_n and_o to_o hoard_v up_o heap_n upon_o heap_n to_o make_v they_o rich_a i_o count_v it_o neither_o husbandry_n nor_o thriftiness_n but_o the_o very_a desire_n of_o have_v which_o we_o call_v covetousness_n and_o for_o that_o cause_n do_v plutarch_n in_o the_o same_o treatise_n of_o the_o desire_n of_o riches_n say_v thus_o why_o desire_v we_o so_o great_a riches_n for_o our_o child_n sure_o to_o the_o end_n that_o they_o also_o shall_v convey_v they_o over_o to_o their_o child_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o conduit-pipe_n which_o keep_v not_o any_o liquor_n rest_v in_o they_o but_o convey_v it_o forth_o from_o pipe_n to_o pipe_n until_o some_o backbiter_n or_o some_o tyrant_n come_v that_o cut_v off_o this_o good_a keeper_n and_o break_v his_o conduit-pipe_n convei_v the_o watercourse_n of_o his_o riches_n another_o way_n until_o the_o very_a unthrift_n and_o naughtipacke_n of_o all_o his_o race_n come_v and_o devour_v all_o those_o good_n alone_o prodigal_a for_o as_o the_o emperor_n constantine_n say_v all_o the_o treasure_n that_o be_v hoard_a up_o by_o the_o covetous_a shall_v be_v spend_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o prodigal_a but_o for_o as_o much_o as_o of_o covetousness_n come_v the_o desire_n of_o riches_n and_o there_o be_v no_o man_n but_o he_o esteem_v it_o a_o great_a happiness_n to_o be_v rich_a it_o be_v for_o our_o behalf_n to_o know_v what_o richness_n be_v and_o what_o be_v the_o mean_a to_o become_v rich_a this_o question_n be_v not_o now_o first_o of_o all_o demand_v for_o it_o be_v demand_v on_o a_o time_n of_o socrateâ—_n who_o he_o esteem_v to_o be_v the_o rich_a man_n even_o that_o man_n quoth_v he_o that_o need_v few_o thing_n mean_v that_o richness_n be_v to_o be_v measure_v by_o the_o use_n of_o riches_n and_o he_o say_v that_o a_o man_n be_v they_o rich_a poor_a when_o he_o have_v sufficient_a wherewith_o to_o live_v honest_o account_v those_o to_o be_v most_o poor_a which_o have_v store_n of_o good_n want_v wit_n and_o will_n to_o use_v they_o for_o poverty_n consist_v not_o in_o the_o small_a quantity_n of_o good_n but_o in_o the_o unsatiablenesse_n of_o the_o mind_n cicero_n say_v in_o his_o paradox_n that_o the_o fruit_n of_o riches_n be_v in_o the_o abundance_n of_o they_o and_o that_o sufficednesse_n show_v that_o there_o be_v abundance_n and_o that_o to_o be_v content_v with_o the_o good_n a_o man_n have_v be_v the_o sure_a richness_n one_o demand_v of_o alcamenes_n kingdom_n what_o mean_v a_o prince_n shall_v use_v to_o keep_v well_o his_o realm_n the_o best_a quoth_v he_o be_v not_o to_o set_v his_o mind_n upon_o money_n nor_o to_o make_v his_o revenue_n overgreat_a plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o marcus_n cato_n say_v there_o be_v not_o a_o more_o needful_a provision_n for_o they_o that_o intend_v to_o deal_v with_o the_o government_n of_o a_o commonweal_n than_o riches_n but_o yet_o there_o be_v a_o sufficiency_n which_o be_v content_v with_o itself_o without_o desire_v particular_o thing_n superfluous_a do_v by_o that_o mean_n never_o distract_v the_o party_n that_o have_v it_o from_o mind_v and_o intend_v the_o public_a affair_n anacharsis_n say_v that_o the_o covetous_a person_n and_o the_o niggard_n covetous_a be_v unable_a either_o to_o conceive_v any_o good_a doctrine_n or_o to_o give_v any_o good_a and_o wise_a counsel_n lucrece_n say_v it_o be_v great_a riches_n when_o a_o man_n live_v trimlie_o of_o the_o little_a that_o he_o have_v because_o that_o of_o that_o little_a there_o be_v not_o any_o want_n horace_n in_o his_o twelve_o ode_n say_v that_o a_o man_n may_v live_v well_o and_o merry_o of_o a_o little_a without_o break_v
see_v that_o as_o charity_n extend_v further_a than_o gentleness_n so_o envy_n extend_v further_a than_o hatred_n which_o seem_v contrary_a to_o love_n and_o charity_n envy_n for_o envy_v as_o plutarch_n teach_v we_o in_o his_o book_n of_o envy_n and_o hatred_n never_o depart_v from_o those_o who_o it_o have_v once_o catch_v hold_n of_o neither_o in_o prosperity_n nor_o in_o adversity_n whereas_o hatred_n vanish_v away_o in_o the_o extremity_n of_o either_o fortune_n furthermore_o when_o a_o man_n be_v persuade_v that_o he_o have_v receive_v no_o wrong_n or_o take_v a_o opinion_n that_o those_o who_o he_o hate_v as_o wicked_a person_n be_v become_v honest_a man_n or_o if_o they_o have_v do_v he_o some_o such_o pleasure_n as_o be_v a_o cause_n to_o dissolve_v the_o former_a injury_n the_o hatred_n cease_v but_o as_o for_o the_o envious_a person_n although_o no_o man_n do_v he_o harm_n yet_o cease_v he_o not_o to_o be_v spiteful_a and_o if_o he_o see_v a_o honest_a man_n or_o a_o man_n of_o good_a quality_n or_o if_o he_o receive_v a_o good_a turn_n it_o do_v but_o provoke_v he_o the_o more_o to_o envy_v so_o as_o he_o be_v exasperate_v by_o the_o thing_n whereby_o hatred_n be_v assuage_v undeterminable_a envy_n be_v undeterminable_a and_o resemble_v disease_a eye_n which_o be_v offend_v at_o all_o brightness_n and_o light_n but_o hatred_n be_v determinable_a and_o be_v always_o found_v and_o settle_v upon_o certain_a ground_n in_o respect_n of_o itself_o by_o envy_n come_v death_n into_o the_o world_n for_o through_o satan_n envy_n be_v we_o deceive_v through_o that_o deceit_n become_v we_o disobedient_a and_o through_o that_o disobedience_n come_v death_n upon_o us._n it_o be_v a_o very_a perilous_a vice_n which_o seize_v not_o only_o upon_o man_n state_n and_o live_n but_o also_o upon_o their_o life_n as_o we_o read_v of_o abel_n who_o be_v murder_v through_o the_o envy_n of_o cain_n and_o of_o joseph_n who_o be_v sell_v through_o the_o envy_n of_o his_o brother_n saint_n john_n chrisostome_n in_o his_o 44_o homily_n say_v that_o this_o vice_n in_o respect_n of_o other_o vice_n be_v unexcusable_a unexcusable_a for_o the_o lechor_n excuse_v himself_o by_o lust_n the_o thief_n by_o poverty_n and_o the_o man-slear_a by_o choler_n but_o the_o envious_a man_n can_v find_v no_o excuse_n at_o all_o god_n command_v we_o to_o love_v our_o enemy_n and_o the_o envious_a man_n hate_v even_o his_o friend_n and_o in_o his_o five_o and_o fortith_a homily_n and_o likewise_o upon_o the_o one_o and_o twentieth_o of_o genesis_n he_o say_v that_o as_o the_o worm_n mar_v the_o timber_n wherein_o it_o breed_v afore_o it_o go_v out_o even_o so_o do_v envy_n mar_v the_o man_n antisthenes_n say_v that_o as_o rust_n eat_v iron_n so_o the_o envious_a be_v consume_v by_o the_o fret_a of_o their_o own_o envy_n for_o the_o envious_a say_v horace_n pine_v away_o at_o the_o prosperity_n of_o another_o and_o alexander_n say_v unto_o meleager_n that_o the_o envious_a man_n carry_v his_o own_o torment_n with_o he_o solomon_n in_o the_o fourteen_o of_o the_o proverb_n say_v that_o as_o a_o sound_a heart_n be_v the_o life_n of_o the_o body_n so_o envy_n be_v a_o consumer_n of_o the_o bone_n plutarch_n liken_v envy_n to_o smoke_n for_o afore_o the_o flame_n break_v out_o it_o mount_v up_o great_a but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o flame_n show_v itself_o the_o smoke_n vanish_v by_o little_a and_o little_a and_o in_o the_o end_n be_v no_o more_o see_v plato_n in_o his_o book_n of_o law_n say_v that_o the_o envious_a man_n imagine_v to_o vaunt_v himself_o the_o more_o by_o find_v fault_n with_o other_o can_v never_o attain_v to_o true_a virtue_n and_o be_v a_o hinderer_n of_o those_o who_o he_o spite_v by_o the_o wrongful_a slander_n which_o he_o report_v of_o they_o plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o lisander_n say_v that_o in_o the_o pursuit_n of_o virtue_n the_o envious_a and_o ambitious_a man_n do_v hold_v those_o for_o their_o adversary_n who_o they_o may_v 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slay_v clitus_n whereof_o ensue_v repentance_n by_o and_o by_o and_o that_o so_o great_a that_o man_n have_v much_o a_o do_v to_o keep_v he_o from_o kill_v himself_o for_o the_o mislike_v that_o he_o have_v conceive_v of_o his_o fault_n no_o nor_o of_o clitus_n himself_o who_o procure_v his_o own_o death_n by_o his_o impatiency_n and_o choler_n patience_n for_o a_o prince_n say_v solomon_n be_v pacify_v by_o patience_n &_o a_o mild_a speech_n break_v all_o hardness_n hardness_n but_o i_o will_v speak_v of_o augustus_n who_o we_o have_v commend_v for_o his_o mildness_n for_o we_o must_v needs_o confess_v that_o it_o be_v disgrace_v by_o these_o two_o deed_n of_o he_o the_o one_o be_v that_o with_o his_o own_o hand_n he_o put_v out_o the_o eye_n of_o one_o 〈◊〉_d be_v accuse_v unto_o he_o of_o treason_n and_o the_o other_o be_v that_o 〈◊〉_d use_v most_o shameful_a outrage_n towards_o one_o that_o have_v comâ—â—â—â—ted_v adultery_n with_o his_o daughter_n but_o when_o the_o young_a man_n 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and_o kinsfolk_n and_o without_o any_o touch_n of_o mercy_n and_o compassion_n and_o his_o fury_n be_v so_o fiery_a that_o he_o put_v no_o difference_n between_o such_o as_o have_v offend_v he_o and_o such_o as_o have_v do_v nothing_o if_o these_o example_n suffice_v not_o let_v he_o consider_v that_o a_o man_n ought_v to_o be_v more_o tractable_a than_o a_o lion_n now_o the_o lion_n how_o fierce_a so_o ever_o he_o be_v be_v make_v gentle_a and_o tame_a by_o art_n which_o surmount_v his_o nature_n and_o shall_v not_o man_n which_o by_o nature_n be_v meeld_v take_v pain_n to_o tame_v the_o beast_n that_o lodge_v within_o he_o he_o overcom_v the_o nature_n of_o beast_n he_o and_o yet_o for_o all_o that_o he_o can_v overcome_v himself_o and_o as_o s._n john_n chrysostome_n say_v upon_o the_o first_o of_o matthew_n if_o i_o charge_v you_o to_o appease_v another_o man_n you_o may_v answer_v i_o that_o you_o have_v not_o other_o man_n will_n in_o your_o hand_n but_o i_o speak_v to_o you_o 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service_n in_o place_n of_o justice_n and_o in_o place_n of_o open_a assembly_n under_o pain_n of_o three_o dram_n to_o be_v pay_v to_o he_o that_o be_v wrong_v and_o of_o two_o to_o the_o common-weal_n deem_v it_o a_o point_n of_o overgreat_a licentiousness_n not_o to_o be_v able_a to_o bridle_v man_n choler_n in_o any_o such_o place_n the_o end_n of_o the_o second_o book_n the_o three_o book_n chap._n i._o ¶_o of_o league_n as_o pyrrhus_n king_n of_o epyrot_n be_v at_o a_o solemn_a feast_n one_o ask_v he_o whether_o of_o the_o flute-player_n python_n or_o cephesias_n be_v the_o best_a to_o who_o he_o answeswer_v that_o in_o his_o opinion_n polyperchon_n be_v the_o best_a captain_n as_o who_o will_v say_v that_o that_o be_v the_o only_a thing_n whereof_o a_o prince_n shall_v inquire_v and_o learn_v to_o know_v for_o to_o say_v the_o truth_n the_o very_a office_n of_o a_o prince_n be_v to_o deal_v with_o war-matter_n and_o to_o make_v himself_o a_o good_a captain_n that_o he_o may_v 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of_o war_n i_o find_v not_o a_o better_a book_n or_o a_o better_a schoolmaster_n thereof_o than_o experience_n though_o enough_o have_v write_v thereof_o for_o it_o be_v learn_v more_o by_o practice_n than_o by_o speculation_n and_o it_o belong_v not_o unto_o any_o other_o to_o treat_v thereof_o than_o to_o such_o as_o have_v spend_v some_o part_n of_o their_o life_n in_o the_o war_n and_o if_o any_o man_n of_o my_o call_n will_v treat_v thereof_o it_o may_v be_v say_v unto_o he_o that_o he_o play_v the_o fool_n as_o hannibal_n say_v to_o phormio_n but_o to_o treat_v of_o policy_n and_o sleight_n of_o war_n practise_v by_o captain_n be_v not_o a_o deal_n with_o the_o art_n of_o war_n otherwise_o than_o by_o accident_n and_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o historiographer_n who_o forget_v they_o not_o in_o their_o history_n but_o in_o bring_v again_o of_o the_o history_n to_o remembrance_n which_o make_v mention_v of_o they_o according_a to_o my_o fore_n determine_v purpose_n which_o be_v to_o show_v how_o noble_a prince_n have_v demean_v themselves_o both_o in_o peace_n and_o war_n and_o to_o deliver_v as_o in_o evidence_n their_o quick_a say_n and_o politic_a stratagem_n of_o the_o one_o i_o hope_v i_o have_v in_o some_o sort_n discharge_v myself_o in_o my_o former_a two_o book_n and_o now_o in_o this_o i_o will_v treat_v a_o little_a of_o the_o feat_n of_o war_n and_o of_o some_o policy_n find_v in_o history_n for_o the_o instruction_n of_o prince_n to_o the_o end_n that_o among_o the_o notable_a thing_n which_o i_o have_v insert_v here_o out_o of_o diverse_a history_n where_o they_o be_v disperse_v this_o which_o be_v the_o principal_a point_n may_v not_o tarry_v behind_o untouched_a leave_v the_o
emperor_n be_v enter_v into_o italy_n and_o this_o slackness_n of_o his_o save_v the_o city_n padua_n and_o a_o good_a part_n of_o the_o state_n of_o venice_n and_o have_v the_o venetian_n be_v warrior_n and_o well_o provide_v they_o have_v put_v king_n lois_fw-fr to_o a_o plunge_n for_o they_o have_v as_o than_o no_o mo_z but_o he_o to_o deal_v with_o so_o that_o his_o league_n do_v he_o small_a service_n the_o duke_n of_o burgoine_n shall_v have_v join_v with_o the_o king_n of_o england_n to_o invade_v the_o country_n of_o king_n lois_fw-fr the_o eleven_o but_o he_o linger_v so_o long_o at_o the_o siege_n of_o nuis_n that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v fain_o to_o return_v and_o make_v peace_n as_o i_o have_v say_v already_o the_o league_n of_o the_o spanish_a king_n and_o the_o venetian_n against_o the_o turk_n turn_v by_o and_o by_o into_o smoke_n by_o reason_n of_o distrust_n that_o rise_v betwixt_o they_o notwithstanding_o that_o the_o turk_n be_v overcome_v upon_o the_o sea_n by_o the_o confederate_n at_o lepanto_n many_o time_n do_v the_o italian_n and_o spaniard_n joint_o conspire_v to_o drive_v the_o frenchman_n out_o of_o italy_n but_o one_o while_o the_o spaniard_n depart_v from_o the_o confederacy_n another_o while_n the_o pope_n shrink_v back_o and_o another_o while_o the_o venetian_n fall_v in_o with_o we_o which_o be_v a_o cause_n that_o we_o hold_v our_o foot_n still_o notwithstanding_o their_o league_n these_o example_n with_o a_o hundred_o other_o which_o i_o leave_v for_o briefness_n sake_n may_v warn_v we_o that_o a_o puissant_a and_o well_o advise_v prince_n shall_v never_o want_v mean_n to_o dissever_v such_o as_o confederate_a themselves_o against_o he_o chap._n ii_o of_o governor_n send_v into_o the_o frontier_n of_o country_n and_o whether_o they_o shall_v be_v change_v or_o suffer_v to_o continue_v still_o when_o a_o prince_n have_v associate_v himself_o with_o his_o friend_n and_o neighbour_n to_o defend_v himself_o or_o to_o assail_v his_o enemy_n it_o behove_v he_o to_o take_v order_n for_o his_o frontier_n and_o to_o provide_v himself_o of_o a_o good_a wise_a and_o valiant_a chieftain_n to_o lie_v ordinary_o with_o a_o good_a number_n of_o soldier_n in_o the_o province_n that_o be_v most_o subject_a to_o the_o invasion_n of_o enemy_n but_o here_o some_o man_n may_v demand_v whether_o such_o a_o governor_n or_o chieftain_n ought_v never_o to_o be_v change_v or_o whether_o he_o ought_v to_o be_v change_v as_o the_o praetor_n proconsul_n and_n precedent_n of_o province_n be_v among_o the_o roman_n i_o have_v declare_v in_o the_o title_n of_o justice_n that_o the_o emperor_n alexander_n severus_n change_v his_o officer_n oft_o and_o that_o augustus_n alter_v not_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o roman_n in_o send_v senator_n into_o province_n for_o a_o certain_a time_n aristotle_n in_o his_o book_n of_o commonweal_n matter_n reprove_v the_o candiot_n for_o suffer_v one_o of_o their_o magistrate_n who_o they_o call_v consul_n to_o be_v perpetual_a whereas_o they_o shall_v have_v be_v shift_v from_o time_n to_o time_n and_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v doubt_v but_o that_o that_o manner_n of_o deal_n be_v very_o behooveful_a in_o a_o commonweal_n where_o every_o man_n look_v to_o bear_v office_n of_o honour_n which_o few_o shall_v have_v enjoy_v if_o the_o charge_n of_o government_n shall_v have_v be_v tie_v to_o one_o alone_a to_o occupy_v the_o place_n of_o many_o good_a citizen_n who_o can_v have_v discharge_v the_o office_n as_o well_o as_o he_o province_n and_o thereof_o will_v have_v ensue_v a_o great_a inconvenience_n namely_o that_o a_o army_n be_v govern_v overlong_o by_o one_o citizen_n will_v have_v grow_v partial_a in_o his_o behalf_n and_o not_o have_v acknowledge_v any_o other_o for_o their_o head_n than_o he_o under_o who_o they_o have_v so_o long_o serve_v moreover_o the_o general_n or_o chief_a captain_n of_o a_o army_n that_o shall_v have_v continue_v so_o long_o together_o in_o office_n will_v become_v so_o rich_a and_o increase_v in_o honour_n that_o he_o can_v not_o find_v in_o his_o heart_n to_o live_v as_o mean_v citizen_n afterward_o whereupon_o it_o will_v follow_v of_o necessity_n that_o the_o citizen_n shall_v fall_v to_o war_n among_o themselves_o that_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o silla_n and_o marius_n find_v man_n at_o their_o devotion_n which_o dare_v maintain_v their_o ambition_n against_o the_o welfare_n of_o the_o commonweal_n the_o prorogation_n of_o the_o five_o year_n which_o be_v give_v to_o julius_n caesar_n for_o the_o govern_n of_o the_o gaul_n and_o the_o overgreat_a number_n of_o office_n of_o honour_n that_o be_v bestow_v upon_o pompey_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o ruin_n of_o rome_n for_o there_o be_v not_o in_o his_o time_n any_o goodly_a enterprise_n whereof_o he_o be_v not_o the_o executor_n and_o although_o there_o be_v great_a reason_n that_o the_o senate_n shall_v prorogue_v the_o consul_n philoes_n authority_n before_o palepolis_n and_o likewise_o of_o lucullus_n &_o metellus_n without_o send_v pompey_n to_o be_v successor_n to_o the_o one_o and_o marius_n to_o be_v successor_n to_o the_o other_o yet_o have_v it_o be_v better_o for_o the_o commonweal_n to_o have_v forbear_v that_o gain_n and_o to_o have_v leave_v the_o war_n unfinished_a than_o to_o have_v suffer_v the_o seed_n of_o tyranny_n to_o grow_v up_o to_o the_o overthrow_n of_o the_o publike-weale_n and_o i_o marvel_v not_o that_o epaminâ—ndas_n be_v put_v to_o his_o neck-verse_n for_o execute_v the_o praetorship_n contrary_a to_o the_o law_n but_o only_o three_o month_n beyond_o his_o appoint_a term_n though_o in_o that_o while_o he_o finish_v the_o war_n that_o have_v be_v begin_v and_o deliver_v the_o theban_n from_o bondage_n for_o as_o on_o the_o one_o side_n the_o greatness_n of_o the_o benefit_n encounter_v the_o law_n so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n there_o be_v as_o a_o apparent_a breach_n of_o the_o law_n which_o may_v procure_v great_a prejudice_n in_o time_n to_o come_v commonweal_n now_o in_o a_o free_a city_n this_o overgreat_a mightiness_n be_v to_o be_v fear_v and_o therefore_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n though_o publicola_n be_v in_o good_a time_n redoubt_v of_o the_o roman_n and_o compel_v to_o show_v that_o he_o mean_v to_o make_v himself_o equal_a with_o the_o mean_a and_o in_o my_o opinion_n the_o ostracism_n of_o athens_n which_o afterward_o be_v mock_v at_o for_o banish_v a_o fellow_n that_o be_v nought_o worth_a be_v not_o without_o great_a reason_n for_o have_v not_o the_o excellent_a citizen_n be_v bridle_v by_o exile_n they_o will_v at_o length_n have_v grow_v so_o proud_a that_o they_o will_v have_v make_v themselves_o king_n and_o master_n of_o the_o city_n as_o pericles_n may_v well_o have_v do_v if_o he_o have_v be_v of_o a_o ambitious_a mind_n and_o as_o other_o do_v afterward_o that_o be_v mean_a than_o he_o and_o therefore_o i_o make_v no_o doubt_n of_o it_o but_o that_o in_o common-weal_n there_o ought_v to_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n governor_n but_o in_o monarchy_n where_o one_o alone_o command_v it_o be_v better_a to_o set_v a_o governor_n or_o viceroy_n that_o shall_v continue_v there_o all_o his_o life_n after_o that_o manner_n have_v our_o king_n do_v in_o piedmont_n with_o happy_a success_n but_o if_o the_o people_n of_o the_o province_n make_v any_o complaint_n of_o the_o covetousness_n of_o their_o governor_n or_o of_o his_o extortion_n and_o great_a cruelty_n or_o if_o the_o prince_n doubt_v of_o his_o loyalty_n in_o such_o case_n the_o prince_n must_v revoke_v he_o and_o send_v a_o new_a in_o his_o room_n consaluo_n be_v call_v home_o from_o naples_n by_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n who_o be_v so_o jealous_a of_o he_o that_o he_o fear_v lest_o he_o shall_v abuse_v his_o authority_n and_o defeat_v he_o of_o the_o realm_n but_o if_o a_o governor_n be_v not_o too_o full_a of_o vice_n it_o be_v much_o better_a that_o he_o continue_v still_o for_o he_o shall_v learn_v how_o to_o behave_v himself_o towards_o the_o man_n of_o his_o province_n by_o acquaint_v himself_o long_a time_n with_o their_o humour_n and_o for_o his_o knowledge_n of_o the_o country_n he_o shall_v do_v goodly_a exploit_n than_o a_o new_a lieutenant_n can_v do_v beside_o that_o he_o shall_v be_v more_o love_v and_o regard_v of_o the_o soldier_n with_o who_o he_o shall_v have_v spend_v his_o young_a year_n chap._n iii_o of_o a_o lieutenant-generall_a and_o that_o there_o behove_v no_o mo_z but_o one_o to_o command_v a_o army_n forasmuch_o as_o a_o prince_n can_v be_v always_o with_o his_o army_n it_o behove_v he_o to_o choose_v some_o excellent_a captain_n to_o have_v the_o command_v thereof_o now_o it_o may_v be_v demand_v whether_o it_o be_v better_a to_o appoint_v two_o or_o three_o to_o that_o charge_n or_o to_o be_v content_v with_o