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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A18242	Cato in English verse With a three-fold table directing to varietie. 1. Of lessons for all sorts of persons. 2. Of copies for writing-schollers. 3. Of poesies for the house and schoole. The second edition. With addition of proper titles or heads (answering the first table) to euery distich for the more profitable vse of this worke, especially in the English schooles. By Iohn Penkethman louer of learning.; Catonis disticha. English.	Cato, Marcus Porcius, 234-149 B.C., attributed name.; Penkethman, John.	1624 (1624)	STC 4862; ESTC S120780	15,343	44

CATO IN ENGLISH VERSE With a three-fold Table directing to varietie 1. Of Lessons for all sorts of persons 2. Of Copies for Writing-Schollers 3. Of Poesies for the House and Schoole The Second Edition With Addition of proper Titles or Heads answering the first Table to euery Distich for the more profitable vse of this worke especially in the English Schooles By IOHN PENKETHMAN louer of Learning LONDON Printed for Richard Hawkins and are to be sold at his Shop in Chancery Lane 1624. Ad vniuersos in regno Britannico tam probitate quàm doctrina decoratos Ludimagistros Tetradecastichon Interpretis dedicatorium ARtis Grammaticae doctores atque Columnae O Calliopes Angligenumque decus Vobis ista dico non mores more Magistri Vt vos erudiam praecipiamue bonos Ad mare tali etenim latices deferre viderer Officio gravidis mella apibusque dare Sed modo deuoti monimentum pignus amoris Vt maneant vobis discipulisque mei Quos vero istorum potius protectio tangit Quam qui gymnasijs ipsa Latina docent Vos igitur gratumque ratumque tenete libellum Patroni proprij protegitote meum Sub quibus inuidiae quanquam circundatus armis Mercurij tanquam virga animatus eat Ad studiosos Discipulos Hexasticon SJ dictata probis praeceptis vestra vel aptis Themmata dogmatibus non decorare piget Si cordi est vobis comptos perdiscere mores Et bene viuendi noscere ritè viam Vt Cato praecepit Romanis carmina verbis Judice maternis quaerite nostra duce To all industrious Masters of the Pen. LOe you whose exquisite and honour'd skill A liberall Science worthy to be stilde Keeps in renoun'd esteeme the fether'd Quill By whom great matters from confusion wilde Are brought to order whose recording aide Supports the chiefest Calling Art or Trade Loe a sententious Treasure I prefer For needfull vse to your most actiue hands A treasure if true Wisedome do not err Worth more then manual knowledge goods or lands This then for Copies to your Schollers giue So may they learne at once to write and liue To all carefull and vertuously-disposed Parents and Housholders IF hauing Children you would wel instruct thē And vnto God through vertuous way conduct thē If you with prudent precepts do not scorne Your Hearts to fill and Houses to adorne Or if vnskil'd you couet to discerne What good your Sonnes from Latine Cato learne This Booke in price and in proportion small Yet great in Matter satisfies you all The Translators Preface to the Beneuolent Perusers THe Doctrine of Wisedome like running water ought to be common because by how much any one instructeth others by so much hee multiplieth and acquireth wisedome to himselfe according to that Qui alios docet seipsum instruit Hee that teacheth others learneth himselfe For knowledge is described to be an incomparable Treasure and a noble possession of the minde which beeing distributed by parts taketh increase and disdaining a couetous possessor without distribution quickly decayeth I therefore considering that the Morall Distichs intituled Cato beeing in the Latine tongue were learned and read only in Schooles by Children and desiring to spend my vacant houres in some commendable studie for the benefit of my Countrey to which end especially we are born conceiued it a work of worth to translate the same in our mother tongue both for the Instruction of such Parents and others as were ignorant of the Latine and for a generall vse for which they were intended as hereafter in this Preface I shall declare But first let me search into and expresse the foure-fold cause of this worke that concurreth to the ordering of euery thing to wit the Materiall Finall Efficient and Formall cause The Materiall cause or matter of this Booke which is the same are the foure Cardinall vertues Prudence Iustice Fortitude and Temperance which are called Cardinall by a Metaphor or Figure of Cardo a hinge because as a doore is turned on the hinges so all other vertues are reduced to these foure as formes to their kindes The first introduceth or bringeth in because a man through Wisedome is brought vnto Sciences and Vertues The Second directeth because a man is directed by Iustice to the kingdome of Heauen The Third ouercomes for a man is said through Fortitude to ouercome his spirituall enemies the world the Flesh and the Deuill The Fourth tempereth for it teacheth vs to liue soberly in this world and to abstaine from carnall desires All which vertues with their seuerall Daughters or Branches are copiously handled in this Booke The Finall cause is profit both priuate as to the Authours owne sonne and common as to vs for by perusing this booke like prudent Husbandmen wee may extirpe or roote out vices and sowe the seedes of vertues in our hearts whereby with Gods assistance we may auoid the calamities of this present life and that to come The efficient cause is the Authour of this Booke which is vnknowne or very doubtfull so as it may be called Apocryphus a word signifying greatly obscure For the famous Philosopher and Historiographer Plutarch setting fotth amongst others the liues of two vertuous and learned men bearing the name of Cato the one Marcus Portius Cato called also Censo●●aus of being Censor the other likewise M. P. Cato called also Vticensis of Vtica where he slue himselfe whom he further distinguisheth with the Additions of maior the elder and minor the yonger sheweth that Cato maior died before and Cato minor in the time of Julius Caesar and that notwithstanding the saying of Iuuenal Tertius è coelo cecidit Cato Cato maior had two Sonnes whereof the one had also a Sonne and that Sonne the like And the other had two Sonnes whereof the one was Father of Cato minor And that Cato minor had a Sonne the whole Progenie bearing the name of Cato who were all extinct before the time of Augustus the second Emperour of Rome But I obserue in the Preface to the second Booke of these Distichs that the Author aduiseth the Reader if he desire to knowe the Romane and ciuill warres which were those betweene Iulius Caesar and Pompey hee should search Lucan whereby it is euident that this booke was not before Lucan who writ his worke after the time of Julius Caesar and consequently none of the Catones could possibly be the Author therof And therefore some father it on Seneca who was Tutor to Nero the fift Roman Emperor others on golden-mouth'd Chrysostome And it was attributed to the Poet Ausonius by Baptista Pius whose opinion some haue lately followed whom Joseph Scaliger in his Ausonian Lectures sharpely reprooueth and plainely confuteth Whereupon may be said Indiscussa manet adhuc sub Judice lis est The strife no Iudge did yet decide But vndiscust it doth abide Yet some say it is thus intituled Incipit Ethica Catonis The Morall Science of Cato beginneth not because Cato composed it but to the end it

the clapper of your lips take intermission before your hearts and such whose eares attend you bee edified by the discipline ensuing And so lest vnto me yee allude the saying of the Philosopher when hee cryed Hoe Citizens shut your gates that the Citie runne not out I heere conclude mine and giue place to the Authours Preface CATO his Preface to his first Booke of Distichs PErceiuing how greatly men did erre and goe astray frō the Way of well-liuing I thought good to impart some ayde aduice to their weake vnderstanding chiefely to the end thar they might liue in commendable wise and attaine to honour Here now my most deare Sonne I will teach thee by what meanes thou maist order the manners of thy mind Reade therefore these my Precepts in such sort that thou maist perfectly vnderstand them For to read any thing and not vnderstand it is to neglect what thou readest His short Precepts in Prose translated in Verse 1 TO God pray humbly 2 Loue thy parents deare 3 Embrace thy kindred 4 And thy Master feare 5 Keepe safe all matters to thy charge committed 6 And to the pleading place be throughly fitted 7 Conuerse with men of honest conuersation 8 Come not to counsell without Inuitation 9 Be cleanly 10 And a kind saluting speaker 11 Yeeld to the stronger 12 And forbcare the weaker 13 Thy goods preserue 14 Thy chastity retain 15 Care well 16 Read books 17 And beare the in thy brain 18 Looke to thy houshould 19 And be courteous known 20 Not angry without cause 21 And mocke thou none 22 None doe thou mocke in misery or need 23 Lend vpon credit 24 But to whom take heed 25 Thy friend in iudgmēt help 26 feast seldom 27 sleep For Natures payment 28 Thy oath lawfull keepe 29 Drinke Wine in measure 30 For thy Country fight 31 And of beliefe in nothing be thou light 32 Aske counsell of thy selfe 33 Take counsell sure 34 Fly harlots 35 And thy mind to learne enure * See the note at the end of the Booke vnder A. 36 Lye not 37 Do good to good men 38 none backbite 39 Thy reputation hold 40 Giue Judgement right 40 By patience winne thy Parents to be kinde 42 And benefits receiu'd beare still in minde 43 Frequent the Iudgement-seat 44 get Law-skill 45Vse vertue 46 Moderate thy angry will 47 Make pastime with a top 48 Dice flie thou must 49 Doe nothing to thy strength but what is iust 50 Despise not thy Jnferiour 51 Nor desire The good of others 52 Loue thy wife entire 53 Nurture thy children well 54 Seeke not to breake The Law thou mad'st 55. At Bankets little speake 56 That which is lawfull earnestly affect 57 And vnto others loue beare glad respect The end of the Preface CATO his Distichs THE FIRST BOOKE 1 Sacrificers or worshippers of God SIth God a Spirit is as Poets write Him serue thou chiefely with vnspotted sprite Orthus If God a Spirit be as what more sure Him let vs chiefely serue with spirit pure 2 Sluggards Carelesse men Giue not thy selfe to sleepe watch alwaies more For too long ease encreaseth Vices store 3 Babblers Blabbers Talkers Tongue rule a vertue principall repute Hee s next to God that keepes with reason mute 4 Inconstant men Take heed thou bee not to thy selfe contrary Who differs from himselfe with all will vary 5 Carpers If to mens manners thou good heed dost giue When they blame others faultles none doth liue 6 Trauellers Couetous men Leaue things thou knowst will hurt thee though thou loue them Riches are good but safety sits aboue them 7 Company-keepers Politicians As time requires be constant or be light The wise with time his maners changeth quite 8 Husbands Masters Rashly if of thy men thy Wife complaineth Trust not for whom thou lou'st she oft disdaineth 9 Friends When thou warn'st any though he 'l take no heed Holding him deare in warning still proceed 10 Company-keepers Men full of words with words doe not pursue All speake but well to speake is giuen to few 11 Friends Prodigals Loue others well but best thy selfe befriend So helpe the good that want thee not attend 12 Babblers Talkers Blabbers Newes-carriers News do not spread lest thou the head be thought Hurt not by silence but by speech is wrought 13 Debtors Promisers Promise not sure on others if thou trust For many men speake much but few be iust 14 Company-keepers Praised men When prais'd thou art thine own Iudge look thou be Others beleeue euen as thy selfe of thee 15 Giuers Receiuers A benefit receiu'd make knowne to many But when thou giuest blab it not to any 16 Rehearsers of others liues Old men Telling youth spent the acts of many a man Thinke on thine owne before old age began 17 Company-keepers Suspicious men Care not if any whispering talke ariseth All said of him the guilty man surmiseth 18 Careless men Rich men When riches flow ' gainst Pouerty prouide The last and first dayes haue not equall tide 19 Heires Sith we haue giuen vs a fraile doubtfull breath Doe not relye vpon anothers death 20 Receiuers When thy poor friend giues ought of little worth Kindly receiue and fully set it forth 21 Poore-men Sith God at first thee naked did create Beare with a patient minde thy poore estate 22 Fearers of death Doe not feare that which doth life's period make Who dreads to dye lifes pleasures doth forsake 23 Giuers If for Deserts no friend pay thee againe Thy God accuse not but thy selfe refraine 24 Prodigals Lest thou feele want thy gettings doe not waste Thinke th' art still needy to keepe what thou hast 25 Promisers Promise not twice what can be quickly wrought Lest thou proue windy that wouldst kind be thoght 26 Dissemblers Politicians Flattered men * See the note at the end of the Booke vnder B. Who feignes in words and is no friend in heart Doe thou the like so Art is foyld by Art 27 Flattered men Faire speakers too much trust not for meane while Fowlers pipe sweetly they the Birds beguile 28 Parents Poore men If you haue Children but no wealth to giue Instruct them in good Arts whereby to liue 29 Housholders Niggards Deare what is cheap cheap what is deare esteeme Niggard or Couetous thou shalt not seeme 30 Carpers Doe not thy selfe what thou art wont to blame When faults reproue the Teacher 't is a shame 31 Suitors Aske what is iust or what seeme honest may For fooles require what rightly should haue Nay 32 Inconstant men Wauering men Doe not vnknown aboue things known aduance The knowne on iudgement vnknowne rest on Chance 33 Worldlings In doubtfull dangers sith our life remaines Hold thou that labour'st each day for thy gaines 34 Contenders Quarrellers Thy Mate whō thou maist cōquer somtime spare Because good friends are kept with heedfull care 35 Suitors Crauing things great small feare not to bestow For Thankfulnesse deare friends vniteth so 36 Friends Quarrellers Quarrell

not with thy friend nor anger mooue Ire breedeth hatred Concord feedeth loue 37 Masters When seruants faults prouoke thee to displeasure Temper thy selfe to punish them with measure 31 Conquerors Strong men Superiours Whom thy force can somtimes by suffrance quell Patience all vertues alwayes doth excell 39 Prodigals Keepe wel thy labours fruits wants greater grow When to repaire our losse paines we bestow 40 Prodigals Housholders Rich men When being rich thou mak'st thy friends good cheere Bee alwaies to thy selfe a friend most neere The Second Booke The Preface If thou wouldst learne the tilling of the ground Reade Virgils Georgicks where that skill is found But if Herbes vertues thou car'st more to knowe Macer the Poet those in Verse will showe The Roman ciuill warres to vnderstand If thou desire take Lucan in thy hand Or if thou wouldst performe the Louers part Repaire to Ouid that doth teach the Art But to liue wisely if thy mind be set To me giue eare this discipline to get By what things man doth liue from vice remote Come and what Wisedome is by Reading note 1 Vncharitable men HElp if thou canst euen strangers for to gaine Friends by deserts is better then to raigne 2 Astronomers or searchers of secrets Gods secrets or what Heau'n is leaue t' enquire Sith thou art mortall mortall things desire 3 Fearers of Death The feare of Death which is meere folly flie Life's ioyes thou losest if thou feare to die 4 Angrymen Disputers Striue not for ought vnsure with angry mind Toward the truth wrath makes ouriudgmēt blind 5 Friends Spend quickly when the cause it selfe desires And somewhat giue when time or cause requires 6 Ambitious men Prodigall men Make merry with a little shun excesse More safe the Ship is where the waues be lesse 7 Blabbers offenders Keep wisely frō thy Mates what may thee shame Lest what offends thee onely more doe blame 8 Offenders Their euill workes thinke not the wicked gaine Sinnes for a time kept hid time doth explaine 9 Little or weake men Souldiers Doe not a little bodies power despise Whom Nature hath made weak he may be wise 10 Clients Vanquished men Inferiors Souldiers Giue place a while vnto thy stronger foes The Vanquisht oft his Victors ouerthrowes 11 Company-keepers Friends Quarrellers Braule not with him whō thou dost louing know From the least words great strife doth oftē grow 12 Fortune-tellers Searchers of secrets Sorcerers What God intends search not in sorcerous wise Who touching thee without thee doth aduise 13 Proud men Enuy through too much brauery come not neare Which though not hurtfull 't is a griefe to beare 14 Clients Oppressed men Be of good comfort though condemned wrong Nought by Iniustice gotten prospers long 15 Remembrers of strife Of brabbling conflicts to vse repetition After atonement shewes a bad condition 16 Company-keepers Selfe-praisers and dispraisers From self-praise and dispraise thou must abstaine For Fooles doe that prouok'd by Glory vaine 17 Gamesters Prodigals Thy gaines vse sparing for excessiue spending Goods long in gathering brings to speedy ending 18 Company-keepers When time or cause requires it play the Foole For folly then to feigne is wisedomes rule 19 Couetous men Shun Luxury and Auarice for those As each the other thy good name oppose 20 Babblers Talkers Beleeue not them that still are babbling much For little credit is allow'd to such 21 Drunkards In drinke-offending doe not that accuse The fault 's in thee that do'st Gods gift abuse 22 Friends Sicke men Commit thy minde to a Companion sure To a Physician good thy bodies cure ●3 Poore men Repiners at others good At vndeseruers weale grieue not at all The bad be cocker'd for their greater fall 24 Carelesse men Arme thee to beare each casuall distresse For what thou hast foreseene doth hurt thee lesse 25 Poore men Be not dismaid though crost but hope retaine For with all men Hope doth in death remaine 26 Carelesse men Let not that slip which thou shalt fitting finde Time hath much haire before but none behinde 27 Carelesse men Weighing things past for what 's to come prouide Follow that God which lookes on either side 28 Drunkards Gluttons Fare sometimes to grow stronger with lesse measure Many to health few things are due to pleasure 29 Company-keepers Selfe-conceited men The peoples iudgement scorne not thou alone Lest while thou scornest many thou please none 30 Drunkards Gluttons Chiefly regard thy health which is the chiefe Blame not the times that wrought'st thy proper griefe 31 Dreamers * See the note at the end of the booke vnder C. Regard not dreames for what we wish awake That thing in sleeping doth our sences take The third Booke The Preface Thou Reader that hereto thy minde dost giue Shalt heere learne precepts teaching well to liue Be stor'd with Lessons learne while thou hast breath Life without Learning doth resemble death Much good thou reapest if thou this respect Jf not thy selfe not me thou dost neglect 1 Well-liuers LIuing vpright the slanderers words despise All tongues to rule in vs no power lyes 2 Witnesses Friends Brought for a witnes thy friends fault conceale In what thou canst yet with thy honours weale 3 Simple men Of smooth and flattering speeches take thou heed For Truth is plaine but lyes doe cunning need 4 Sluggards Flie dulnesse sloth of life for when the minde Growes weake through idlenes the flesh is pinde 5 Labouring men Mirth sometimes mingle with thy care and paine That any labour thou maist well sustaine 6 Carpers Carpe neuer at anothers word or deed Lest the like measure doe from him proceed 7 Heires Prodigals Lest all speake ill of thee keepe and increase Those goods that fall to thee by Friends decease 8 Couetous men Old men If thou be rich in age before life ends Be liberall and no niggard to thy Friends 9 Masters Scorners To no mans Counsell profiting be nice Much lesse despise thy seruants good aduice 10 Husbands Poore men If treasure as thou didst thou canst not hoord Contented liue with what the times affoord 11 Bachelors * See the note at the end of the Booke vnder D. For goods beware thou marry not a wife Nor keepe her if she leade a shrewish life 12 Politicians By patterne learne to flie or to pursue The liues of others teach vs what to doe 13 Attempters Try nought aboue thy strength lest ouer-swaid Perforce thou leaue thy worke in vaine assaid 14 Concealers Conceale not what thou know'st vniustly done Lest thou seeme willing the same course to runne 15 Clients Oppressed men Vnder Lawes rigour craue the Iudges aide For Lawes themselues with right would be allaid 16 Offenders Take thy deserued penance without grudge And being faulty be thy proper Iudge 17 Readers Schoole-boyes Reade much and dayly more the Poet sings Though not still credible miraculous things 18 Babblers Guests Talkers Vse few words at a feast lest thou be nam'd A prater while thou wouldst be ciuill fam'de 19 Husbands Thy