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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A15724	A discouerie of sundrie errours and faults daily committed by lande-meaters, ignorant of arithmetike and geometrie, to the damage, and preiudice of many her Maiesties subiects with manifest proofe that none ought to be admitted to that function, but the learned practisioners of those sciences: written dialoguewise, according to a certaine communication had of that matter. By Edward Worsop, Londoner. Euery one that measureth land by laying head to head, or can take a plat by some geometricall instrument, is not to be accounted therfore a sufficient landmeater, except he can also prooue his instruments, and measurings, by true geometricall demonstrations.	Worsop, Edward.	1582 (1582)	STC 25997; ESTC S120271	43,934	78

of your booke Worsop The Scale is a measure vsed in platting taken at the will of the plat maker eyther greater or lesse to set foorth the plat measured in true proportion and Symetrie vpon paper or any other superfice Watkins I vnderstand not this definition Worsop Here as ye sée are sundry scales and euerie of them is iust fiue inches long The first hath one inche diuided into iiii partes the second into fiue the third into ten ye may apply these inches and diuisions to what denomination you list The Geographer applieth them to miles or furlongs The Surueyor to perches the Carpentor to feete and so may any other arts man in naming any other measure greater or lesse Suppose I should describe a countrie that lyeth in square forme xviii miles on euery side vpon a peece of paper that is lesse then v. inches square In this case the scale of iiii will best serue my turne For one inche being diuided into iiii partes doth represent the length of iiii miles therefore iiii inches represent the length of xvi miles and ii parts of the deuided inche added to them must needes represent xviii miles But if I should describe a Shire or Countrey vpon the like paper that lyeth thrée and fourtie miles square in this case I must be driuen to vse the scale ten that is to say I must take in inches and iii. parts of the ten in the inche diuided into ten parts which represent three and fourtie miles For iiii inches represent fourtie miles and the three diuisions taken in the said inch diuided into ten parts represent the three odds miles The selfe same scales wil serue if you should plat closes within the like scantling of v. inches the one being xviii perches on euery side the other xliii Peter I nowe perceiue what is meant by this worde scale I remember I haue séene the like lines and compasses set inmappes but I neuer vnderstood what they meant till nowe VVorsop The knowledge howe to apply the compasses to the scale is commodious for thereby when mappes or carts are perused it may be knowen howe farre any one Region Citie or place is distant from any other eyther by land or sea Also when a Surueyor hath deliuered vp his plat the Lord sitting in his chayre at home may iustly knowe how many miles his Manor is in circuite and the circuit of any particular grounds and wasts and how many perches or furlongs it is from any one hedge or corner of hedge to any other hedge or corner Iohnson I perceiue also what you ment when you said ye may apply these diuisions to what denominatiō you list As if you would knowe by any cart or mappe of England how many miles it is frō Northampton to Sarisburie then miles are the denomination but if you would knowe by any platte of lande howe many perches any ground is ouer then perch●s are the denomination And you call the opening and extending the compasses vpon the scale the application of the compasses to the scale Worsop You conceisse the meaning rightly Iohnson What meane you by these seuerall words in true proportion Symetrie and superfice VVorsop To set forth a plat in true proportion and Symetrie are to say to take and set forth any plat in such sort that you may readily tel thereby euerie angle bought crooke and straight line in the thing measured and howe farre any place is distant from other Also you may know by your plat the whole circuit outboundes of your land which Geometers call the perimetrie Superfice is to say the vpper face of any thing as in measuring of lande pauements hangings such like we desire only to know the content of the outward plaine or vpper face of the thing not regarding thicknes weight grossenes or depth but only the mesure of the vpper parts as in groundes which consist onely of length and bredth whether they be flats or leuels hils or valleis It would be too tedious to describe them at large therefore I referre you to learned authors for your further instructions of their proprieties and accidentes Iohnson What is meant by this word Parallel VVorsop Parallel lines are such lines as being drawen vpon any plaine or superfice are equally distant the one from the other If you draw them of neuer so great a length yet will they neuer concur or meet together If they incline neuer so litle the one to the other they are not parallels but inclining lines as you may see by the examples of these lines a. b. c. d. which are parallels and the lines e. f. g. h which are inclining Ihon. Why write you such strange far fetched words termes seeing you can write their meanings in plaine english if you wold Worsop He for whom I haue written this booke wil not think them strange or far fetched because he giueth himself to the studies of Arithmetike Geometrie and therfore acquainted with words and termes of those arts There is not any doctrine or science but hath of necessitie his peculiar termes neyther doeth any learned man in any science condemne an other learned man in an other science for a strange and farre fetching speaker because hee vnderstandeth not many of his wordes and termes Many of the profoundest learned men in the Vniuersities vnderstand not a number of termes pertaining to the common Lawes which a young student of lesse then a yeres continuance vnderstandeth very well And contrariwise a great number of profound learned men in the lawes of the Realme vnderstand not a great number of termes vsed in Philosophie and Logike which a young Logician vnderstandeth very well The Ciuilian vnderstandeth not many termes of Phisike nor the Physition many termes appertaining to the Ciuill Lawes The Greeke termes appertaining to Arithmetike Geometry and other Mathematicall sciences seeme stranger vnto al sortes of men then the termes of other sciences and therefore of the ignorant very much derided who account them more curious then necessarie Yea some men that are learned in other sciences but ignorant in the Mathematikes thinke them termes of hard and darke knowledges and not greatly necessary because they thinke much vanitie in them Both these sortes of men which condemne before they knowe are in great error The auncients and best learned writers of Mathematicall sciences were Grecians the Latines receiuing their knowledge from learned Greeke authors neuer altered the Greeke termes but vsed them aswell in workes of their owne making as in translations The Italians Frenche men and Germanes finding them in the Latine vsed also the Greeke terms as followers of the Latines Therefore the learned might iudge a great presumption and lacke of discretion in vs if we should translate these Greeke termes into our Englishe wordes seeing the learned of other nations retaine them still though they can write more compēdiously then we We are not able to vtter Greek terms compendiously but by circumlocution I thinke one special

Iohn Bull at the Exchange gate in wood at Iohn Reades in Hosier Lane at Iames Lockersons dwelling neere the Conduite at Dowe-gate and at Iohn Reynolds at Tower Hill Euery figure in this Treatise is drawen according to some Scale therefore the hauing of scales and compasses and applying them to those figures will make the demonstrations and proofes herein very easie to the readers thereof though they vnderstand litle or nothing in Geometrie I haue thought good to giue aduertisement hereof because many that would prouide such things knowe not where to haue them A DETECTION OF SVNdry errours committed in Landmeating Speakers M. Peter Ihonson a Clothier Worsop a Surueyor M. Watkins Steuen a Seruingman M. Peter THis séemeth to be rich pastureground a tenant in my iudgement may safely giue a marke by yeare for euerie acre thereof Iohnson I would take a pasture ground with vs and giue that price for euery acre measured with the perche of xvi foote and an halfe called statute measure and ten shillings for euerie acre if it be measured with the perche of xii foote Worsop An acre measured by the statute perche conteyneth almost twise so much ground as an acre measured by a perche of xii foote If the statute acre be rented at xiii s. iiii d the acre measured by the perche of xii foote will not come to vii s. i. d rate like You should deceiue your selfe ii s. xi d. in euery such acre by that account Iohnson You are greatly deceiued for by all reason the acre measured with the perche of xii foote must be almost iii. quarters of the statute acre because xii foote are almost iii. quarters of xvi foote and an halfe Peter Howe much grounde of statute measure are xi acres of woodland measure the woodland perche being xviii foote Worsop Aboue xiii acres xiiii perches to my remembrance Peter Your remembrance or your casting haue fayled you You are greatly deceiued in both your reckonings Worsop I shal be very sory if I be deceiued in either of them for I haue made sundry surueyes where occasion hath serued to reduce such acres as haue bin measured by the xviii foote perche the xii foote perche vnto statute acres The xviii foote perche for woodland is vsed in most places hereabouts I haue not seene the xii foot perch vsed in these parts but far from London in some Manors that measure is allowed of and is called in some places tenant right in other some curt measure Peter I alway thought and haue sundry times heard that xi acres measured with the perch of xviii foote make xii statute acres And this reason hath alwaies induced me to thinke it true because the xviii foote perche exceedeth the statute perche by halfe a yarde which is a twelfth part thereof for the one perche is xii halfe yards long and the other but xi therefore seeing the perches differ but a tewlfth part the one from the other the acres in mine opiniō measured with those perches can not make any other difference Worsop You do not knowe or not consider that when you talk of the diuersitie which vnequal perches make in land measure that then you speake of the measure of planes and flattes You think you are in the comparison of lengthes when as in déede you are in an other matter Ye must vnderstand that Geometrie treateth of thrée sundry measures The first of lengthes which is called liniarie measure or the measure of lengthes or lines By this part you may know howe farre any place is from the standing of your foote also the distance betweene place and place howe much higher or lower any place is then the leuel of your eye or foot The second of length and bredth called superficiall measure or the measure of planes or flattes By this part of Geometrie is measured all maner of land bord glasse pauements waynskottings hangings and such like The third of length breadth and thicknes called solide or bodily measure This part sheweth howe to measure all manner of timber stone vessels and such like M. Peter saide truth that the perche of xviii foote and the perche of xvi foote and an halfe differ in their lengthes as xii differ from xi for the one is xii halfe yardes long and the other but xi But ye must vnderstand this difference is onely in respect of their lengthes called liniarie measure In lande measure which respecteth length and bredth the difference is otherwise as I wil make plaine vnto you by an easie example Suppose you haue two tables or bords the one iiii foot euery way the other six How much is the one longer then the other Peter By the one halfe Worsop You say truth and therefore you account the one table to be greater then the other iust by one halfe Peter It must needes be so Worsop I pray you howe many foote of wainscot doth a table conteine that is iiii foote euery way Peter xvi Worsop It doth so and then by your account the other table of vi foote euery way must conteine xxiiii for the halfe of xvi is viii which if you put vnto xvi they both make xxiiii Peter You say true Worsop I pray you howe much is vi taken vi times Iohnson Six and thirtie Worsop By your reckoning it should be but xxiiii Iohnson We al know that sixe times sixe is sixe and thirtie but how proueth this such diuersitie in the acres Worsop It sheweth vnto you at the first that measures cast vp by their breadthes and lengthes must otherwise bee considered of then measures whose lengthes onely are compared together A table that is iiii foote broade and vi long conteineth xxiiii foote of bord therfore a table that is vi foot euery way must needs conteine more Watkins This standeth so by reason that it must needes be as you say Worsop I haue in my cloake bag certaine figures drawen in a booke which I must giue vnto a friend of mine that will explane this error and sundry others which landmeasurers vnlearned in Geometrie often commit Peter I pray you let vs see those figures VVorsop You shall when we come to our Inne Peter It will be late ere wee come thither therefore wee shal haue small time then to talke of these matters because men scatter when they are lighted Also we must part company in the morning Therefore I pray you let vs see them now which if you vouchsafe I in some other matter wil requite your courtesie It standeth mee vpon to vnderstand the troth of this matter by reason of a wood sale that I and an other should passe VVorsop To pleasure you I wil presently shewe them Here is the booke these iii. figures proue that which I haue spoken Peter I see in deede that iiii euery way maketh xvi and that vi euerie way maketh sixe and thirtie and iiii broade and vi long make xxiiii What meane you by this worde Scale which I see in so many places

A DISCOVERIE of sundrie errours and faults daily committed by Landemeaters ignorant of Arithmetike and Geometrie to the damage and preiudice of many her Maiesties subiects with manifest proofe that none ought to be admitted to that function but the learned practisioners of those Sciences Written Dialoguewise according to a certaine communication had of that matter By Edward Worsop Londoner Euery one that measureth Land by laying head to head or can take a plat by some Geometricall instrument is not to be accounted therefore a sufficient Landmeater except he can also prooue his instruments and measurings by true Geometricall Demonstrations AT LONDON Printed by Henrie Middleton for Gregorie Seton ANNO 1582. TO THE RIGHT Honourable and his singular good Lord Syr William Cecill Baron of Burghley Knight of the most noble order of the Garter Lord high Treasourer of England and one of the Lords of her Maiesties most Honourable priuie Counsell AMong the number of our worthie acts of Parlement right Honourable my most singular good Lord the statute of land measure is of great importance and equitie Certaine persons wanting sufficient knowledge for the executing of that statute notwithstanding intrude them selues into that weightie function as sufficient Sundry of their false rules and vntrue waies of measuring as also sundry true rules by some of them falsely applyed in this small treatise are discouered Mine intention was not in the time of penning thereof nor long since to publish the same but of late vpon great vrging and persuasion of him at whose request I did write this talke and of certaine other my friends and acquaintances I yeelded at their requests to the publication thereof The necessitie and worthines of the matter require learned and exquisite ordering which I must resigne to be performed hereafter by the learned By this treatise I may bee likened to a broyled founder whose onely charge is to make mixture of mettals and to roughcast them The filing grauing and polishing are done by other artificiall workemen who goodly set out the same to the eye according to the richenes of the metall I a simple man among the common people haue set forth this discourse to their behoofe by the playnest waies I could deuise and for their easiest vnderstanding Sundry learned workes of the Mathematicals for such as vnderstand or affect learning are extant in our vulgar tongue as Euclide the workes of Doctor Record of Master Leonard Digges of Master Thomas Digges and of some others But because these learned bookes can not bee vnderstoode of the common sorte and that they be as iuels and riches shadowed or wrapped vp from their sight I haue thought good by a plaine and popular discourse to laie open vnto the vnderstanding of euery reasonable man the necessities and commodities of those singular workes and knowledges and the great abuse inconueniences and iniuries the common weale susteineth by crediting and reteyning of ignorant doers and neglecting of learned and skilfull writers and practisioners As wise and learned men when they speake vnto a simple and vnlearned man frame their speache to his vnderstanding which in the like cause they would vtter otherwise if they spake to one learned so must some man to the behoofe of the common weale manifest those enormities popularly that the hurt which ignoraunce bringeth in this weightie matter may vniuersally bee knowen I although farre vnmeete to take so weightie a cause in hande haue aduentured for the discharge of my conscience and my duetie to the common weale to manifest as I best could certaine great inconueniences which the common weale daily susteineth by vnlearned practisioners humbly submitting my selfe where reformation is needeful to the correction of the learned And for because it is vniuersally knowen that the continuall application of your noble hearte and minde is to the furtherance of learned knowledges of equitie in causes suppressing of ignoraunce and to the commoditie of the weale publike whereof your Honour is a principall piller and for that your Honour hath been mine especiall good Lord I doe presume as enforced thereto by duetie to dedicate vnto your Honour this small treatise most humbly requiring pardon for such my great boldnes as also that your Honor would vouchsafe to receiue the same into your noble patronage Your Honours most humble to command EDWARD WORSOP The coppie of a Letter sent with this Booke TO perfo●rme my promise and satisfie your request I haue set downe in writing as neere as I can call to remembrance the communication had in our iourney touching vntrue measuring of land insufficient landmeaters and why they are still permitted For the further proofe of these matters I haue drawen sundry figures like vnto some of those you sawe in my booke which proofes the vnlearned in Geometrie may easily conceiue I pray you reserue this booke for the satisfaction of your selfe and your friendes I would be loath it should come to the hands of learned Mathematicians for they may iustly reproue sundry of my demonstrations and declarations because they are not penned as learning and art require If they were penned in artificiall order and termes you could not vnderstand them because you are ignorant of the Mathematicals If you wil be instructed in Arithmetike Euclide Tectonicon and Pantometria according to your earnest protestations and studie those bookes earnestly because they are the best writers extant in our vulgar tongue touching the Mathematicall part of surueie you shall then perceiue what great pleasure and commoditie is receiued from learned and artificiall writers ouer that can bee had from them which in their writings discend to the capacitie of the vulgar sort Then also you will yeelde your selfe more beholding vnto me for writing this popular discourse at you request to the diminishing and aduenturing of mine estimation among learned Mathematicians then nowe while you thinke it artificially done Although my knowledge in Geometrie is verie small yet I would not abase my selfe by penning any demonstrations popularly but to pleasure you and your friendes and for that I would many should vnderstand the great hurtes the common weale sustaineth by landmeaters ignorant of Geometrie When you haue attained knowledge I hope you will deale with mee as good natured men deale with their nurses Good natured men during their liues loue their nurses because they receiued their first sustenance from them although their stomakes would loath to suck their milke as they did in their infancie When you shall finde your selfe learned in Geometrie and that you can vnderstand the demonstrations of learned writers you will repute my writing as cold and thin milk in comparison of other meates that are strong and of good nourishment From London the two and twentie of September 1581. Your louing Friende Edward Worsop An aduertisement to the Reader SCales compasses and sundry sorts of Geomatricall instruments in metall are to be had in the house of Humfrey Cole neere vnto the North dore of Paules and at the house of