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conversant_a in_o the_o camp_n contrary_a to_o old_a custom_n and_o usage_n and_o give_v himself_o to_o have_v particular_a knowledge_n of_o they_o all_o and_o what_o their_o number_n be_v furthermore_o he_o be_v careful_a to_o understand_v the_o controversy_n betwixt_o soldier_n and_o soldier_n and_o search_v with_o great_a attentivenesse_n into_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o province_n to_o the_o end_n to_o supply_v what_o be_v want_v endeavour_v notwithstanding_o above_o all_o neither_o to_o buy_v nor_o feed_v aught_o that_o be_v not_o for_o use_v wherefore_o when_o he_o have_v fashion_v his_o soldier_n to_o his_o own_o example_n he_o pass_v over_o into_o britain_n where_o he_o correct_v many_o thing_n and_o be_v the_o first_o that_o draw_v a_o wall_n along_o by_o the_o space_n of_o eighty_o mile_n wherewith_o he_o divide_v the_o roman_n from_o the_o barbarous_a people_n hitherto_o spartian_a i_o have_v recite_v the_o history_n at_o large_a because_o i_o may_v represent_v the_o picture_n of_o a_o excellent_a general_n 4_o alexander_n the_o macedon_n manner_n that_o this_o book_n comprehend_v the_o macedonian_a discipline_n of_o arm_n i_o will_v show_v hereafter_o as_o particular_n offer_v themselves_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n let_v this_o suffice_v for_o a_o argument_n that_o aelian_n doubt_v not_o to_o affirm_v it_o to_o adrian_n a_o prince_n excellent_o learn_v in_o the_o greek_a language_n and_o as_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o skill_n he_o be_v able_a to_o discern_v so_o by_o his_o authority_n he_o will_v have_v censure_v so_o gross_a a_o escape_n if_o it_o have_v be_v otherwise_o than_o aelian_n report_v the_o content_n of_o the_o chapter_n of_o the_o book_n the_o author_n that_o have_v write_v tactic_n of_o this_o book_n &_o of_o the_o profitt_a of_o the_o art_n chap._n 1._o the_o praeparation_n of_o warlike_a force_n and_o how_o they_o be_v to_o be_v arm_v chap._n 2._o the_o framinge_n of_o a_o phalange_n and_o definition_n of_o the_o art_n tactick_a chap._n 3._o what_o a_o file_n or_o decury_n be_v and_o of_o how_o many_o man_n it_o consist_v chap._n 4._o the_o order_n and_o part_n of_o a_o file_n or_o decury_n chap._n 5._o of_o join_v file_n chap._n 6._o of_o a_o phalange_n the_o length_n and_o depth_n thereof_o of_o rank_v and_o filinge_v the_o division_n of_o the_o phalange_n into_o wing_n the_o place_n of_o the_o arm_a foot_n of_o the_o light_n arm_v and_o of_o the_o horse_n chap._n 7._o the_o number_n of_o the_o arm_a foot_n of_o the_o light_n arm_v &_o of_o the_o horse_n chap._n 8._o the_o name_n of_o the_o several_a part_n and_o the_o commander_n of_o the_o several_a part_n of_o the_o phalange_n and_o of_o the_o number_n under_o their_o command_v chap._n 9_o the_o precedence_n &_o dignity_n of_o place_n in_o the_o office_n of_o the_o phalange_n chap._n 10._o the_o distance_n to_o be_v observe_v betwixt_o soldier_n and_o soldier_n in_o open_v or_o shut_v the_o phalange_n chap._n 11._o the_o arm_n of_o the_o phalange_n chap_n 12._o the_o worth_n the_o fileleader_n and_o next_o follower_n shall_v be_v of_o chap._n 13._o of_o the_o macedonian_a phalange_n &_o the_o length_n of_o the_o soldier_n pike_n chap._n 14._o the_o place_n of_o the_o light_n arm_v &_o the_o number_n of_o every_o file_n of_o they_o chap._n 15._o the_o name_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o light_n arm_v chap._n 16._o the_o use_n of_o the_o light_n arm_v chap._n 17._o the_o fashion_n of_o horse_n battle_n the_o rhombe_n the_o wedge_n &_o the_o square_n chap._n 18_o why_o rhombs_n be_v first_o bring_v into_o use_n &_o of_o the_o diverse_a form_n of_o they_o cha._n 19_o the_o place_n of_o horseman_n in_o the_o field_n &_o the_o number_n of_o the_o usual_a horsebattaile_n and_o the_o degree_n &_o name_n of_o the_o officer_n
of_o the_o horse_n in_o general_n chap._n 20_o the_o diligence_n to_o be_v use_v in_o choice_n and_o exercise_n of_o the_o best_a form_n of_o battle_n chap._n 21_o of_o chariotts_n the_o name_n and_o degree_n of_o the_o commander_n chap._n 22._o of_o the_o elephant_n the_o name_n and_o degree_n of_o their_o ruler_n chap_n 23._o the_o name_n of_o the_o military_a motion_n express_v in_o this_o book_n chap._n 24._o of_o turn_v and_o double_a turn_n of_o the_o soldier_n face_n as_o they_o stand_v embattle_v chap._n 25._o of_o wheel_v double_a and_o treble_a wheel_a of_o a_o battle_n and_o of_o return_v to_o the_o first_o posture_n chap._n 26._o of_o file_v rank_v and_o restore_v to_o the_o first_o posture_n chap._n 27._o of_o counter_a march_n and_o the_o diverse_a kind_n thereof_o with_o the_o manner_n how_o it_o be_v to_o be_v do_v chap._n 28._o of_o double_v and_o the_o kind_n thereof_o chap._n 29._o of_o the_o broadfronted_a phalange_n the_o deep_a phalange_n or_o hearse_n and_o the_o uneven_a front_a phalange_n chap._n 30._o of_o parembole_n protaxis_fw-la epitaxis_fw-la prostaxis_fw-la entaxis_fw-la &_o hypotaxis_fw-la chap._n 31._o the_o manner_n how_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o wheel_a double_a and_o treble_a wheel_a of_o a_o battle_n be_v to_o be_v make_v chap._n 32._o of_o close_v of_o the_o battle_n to_o the_o right_n or_o leave_v hand_n &_o to_o the_o midst_n chap._n 33._o the_o use_n and_o advantage_n of_o these_o exercise_n of_o arm_n chap._n 34._o of_o sign_n of_o direction_n that_o be_v to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o army_n and_o their_o several_a kind_n chap._n 35._o of_o march_v of_o diverse_a kind_n of_o battle_n fit_a for_o a_o march_n of_o the_o right_a induction_n of_o the_o coelembole_n and_o of_o the_o triphalange_n to_o be_v oppose_v against_o the_o coelembole_n chap._n 36._o of_o paragoge_n or_o deduction_n chap._n 37._o of_o the_o phalange_n call_v amphistomus_fw-la chap._n 38._o of_o the_o phalange_n call_v antistomus_n chap._n 39_o of_o the_o diphalange_n call_v antistomus_n chap._n 40._o of_o the_o phalange_n call_v peristomus_fw-la chap._n 41._o of_o the_o phalange_n call_v himoiostomus_n and_o of_o the_o plinthium_fw-la chap._n 42._o of_o the_o phalange_n call_v heterostomus_fw-la chap._n 43._o again_o of_o the_o horsebattaile_n call_v the_o rhombe_n and_o the_o foot_n halfmoon_n to_o encounter_v it_o chap._n 44._o of_o the_o horse_n battle_n heteromeres_n and_o the_o broad_a front_a foot_n battle_n to_o be_v oppose_v against_o it_o chap._n 45._o of_o another_o kind_n of_o rhombe_n for_o horseman_n and_o of_o the_o epicampios_fw-la emprosthia_n to_o encounter_v it_o chap._n 46._o of_o the_o foot_n battle_n call_v cyrte_n which_o be_v to_o be_v set_v against_o the_o epicampios_fw-la chap._n 47._o of_o the_o horse_n battle_n which_o be_v square_a in_o ground_n and_o the_o wedge_n of_o foot_n to_o be_v oppose_v against_o it_o chap._n 48._o of_o the_o foot_n battle_n call_v plaesium_n and_o the_o sawefronted_a foot_n battle_n to_o encounter_v it_o chap._n 49._o of_o overfront_v the_o enemy_n battle_n and_o overw_v it_o and_o of_o attenuation_n chap._n 50._o of_o the_o lead_n of_o the_o carriage_n of_o the_o army_n chap._n 51._o of_o the_o word_n of_o command_n &_o of_o certain_a rule_n to_o be_v observe_v therein_o chap._n 52_o of_o silence_n to_o be_v use_v by_o soldier_n chap._n 53._o the_o manner_n of_o pronounce_v the_o word_n of_o command_v chap._n 54._o the_o author_n that_o have_v write_v tactic_n of_o this_o book_n and_o of_o the_o profitt_a of_o the_o arte._n chap._n i._n homer_n the_o poet_n seem_v to_o be_v the_o first_o at_o least_o we_o read_v of_o that_o have_v the_o skill_n of_o imbattail_v a_o army_n and_o that_o admire_a man_n endue_v with_o that_o knowledge_n as_o appear_v by_o mnestheus_n of_o who_o he_o write_v he_o like_o no_o live_a wight_n be_v find_v nor_o any_o age_n do_v yield_v to_o martial_a troop_n of_o horse_n or_o band_n of_o foot_n in_o bloody_a field_n concern_v homer_n discipline_n military_a the_o work_n of_o stratocles_n &_o of_o 1_o frontine_n a_o man_n of_o consular_a dignity_n in_o our_o time_n be_v to_o be_v read_v 2_o aeneas_n perfect_v the_o theory_n thereof_o at_o large_a publish_v many_o volume_n of_o warfare_n which_o be_v abridge_v by_o 3_o cyneas_n the_o thessalian_a likewise_o 4_o pyrrhus_n the_o epirot_n write_v tactic_n and_o his_o son_n 5_o alexander_n and_o clearchus_n and_o pausanias_n and_o 6_o euangelus_n &_o 7_o polybius_n the_o megapolitan_a a_o man_n of_o great_a learning_n scipio_n companion_n &_o eupolemus_n and_o 8_o iphicrates_n 9_o possidonius_fw-la also_o the_o stoic_a set_v forth_o the_o art_n of_o war_n &_o many_o other_o some_o in_o introduction_n as_o brion_n some_o in_o large_a tactick_a volume_n all_o which_o i_o have_v see_v and_o read_v and_o yet_o think_v it_o not_o much_o to_o purpose_n to_o mention_v perticulerlie_o be_v not_o ignorant_a that_o it_o have_v be_v the_o manner_n of_o those_o writer_n for_o the_o most_o part_n to_o apply_v their_o stile_n not_o to_o the_o ignorant_a but_o to_o such_o as_o be_v already_o acquaint_v with_o the_o matter_n they_o entreat_v of_o as_o for_o the_o impediment_n which_o present_v themselves_o to_o i_o when_o first_o i_o give_v my_o mind_n to_o the_o study_n of_o this_o art_n as_o namely_o neither_o to_o happen_v upon_o sufficient_a instructour_n nor_o yet_o to_o find_v light_n or_o perspicuity_n enough_o in_o the_o precept_n deliver_v i_o will_v endeavour_v as_o much_o as_o i_o can_v to_o remove_v out_o of_o other_o man_n way_n and_o as_o often_o as_o word_n shall_v fail_v to_o express_v my_o meaning_n i_o will_v for_o plainness_n sake_n use_v the_o direction_n of_o figure_n and_o pourtraict_n adjoin_v thereby_o the_o view_n of_o the_o eye_n as_o a_o aid_n and_o assistance_n to_o the_o understanding_n &_o withal_o retain_v the_o term_n of_o ancient_a author_n to_o the_o end_n that_o whosoever_o shall_v follow_v this_o book_n for_o a_o introduction_n be_v therein_o exercise_v both_o to_o the_o same_o word_n &_o also_o to_o the_o usage_n of_o thing_n express_v in_o they_o may_v grow_v as_o it_o be_v acquaint_v and_o imagine_v himself_o no_o strange_a when_o he_o come_v to_o read_v their_o work_n by_o which_o way_n by_o i_o prescribe_v i_o make_v no_o doubt_n they_o will_v easy_o be_v understand_v now_o that_o this_o art_n of_o all_o other_o be_v of_o most_o use_n may_v appear_v by_o plato_n in_o his_o book_n of_o law_n where_o he_o say_v that_o the_o cretan_a law_n giver_n so_o contrive_v his_o law_n as_o if_o man_n be_v always_o praepare_v to_o fight_v for_o all_o city_n have_v by_o nature_n unproclaim_v war_n one_o against_o another_o which_o be_v so_o what_o discipline_n be_v more_o to_o be_v esteem_v or_o more_o avaylable_a to_o man_n life_n than_o this_o of_o war_n note_n it_o seem_v by_o this_o chapter_n that_o the_o author_n that_o have_v of_o ancient_a time_n write_v tactic_n have_v be_v many_o and_o those_o not_o of_o such_o kind_n of_o man_n as_o have_v give_v themselves_o to_o study_v and_o contemplation_n alone_o but_o of_o such_o as_o beside_o their_o knowledge_n in_o good_a letter_n have_v be_v actor_n in_o war_n themselves_o &_o which_o be_v more_o principal_a actor_n some_o of_o they_o general_n other_o the_o next_o degree_n to_o general_n howbeit_o there_o be_v none_o here_o mention_v by_o aelian_n who_o work_n be_v extant_a where_o by_o may_v be_v esteem_v the_o inestimable_a loss_n these_o late_a age_n have_v suffer_v in_o be_v deprive_v of_o such_o excellent_a monument_n i_o hope_v i_o may_v so_o term_v they_o without_o offence_n though_o i_o have_v not_o see_v they_o for_o what_o but_o excellent_a can_v proceed_v from_o man_n of_o such_o excellency_n in_o their_o profession_n such_o as_o the_o most_o part_n of_o those_o be_v yet_o for_o some_o of_o they_o i_o can_v say_v nothing_o as_o find_v little_a remembrance_n of_o they_o in_o ancient_a writer_n of_o this_o kind_n be_v eupolemus_n stratocles_n hermias_n clear_a chus_fw-la pausanias_n albeit_o such_o name_n may_v often_o be_v find_v the_o rest_n be_v special_o mention_v and_o much_o commend_v of_o who_o i_o will_v set_v down_o what_o i_o find_v 1_o frontine_n a_o man_n of_o consular_a dignity_n i_o have_v before_o note_v some_o what_o of_o frontine_n we_o have_v of_o he_o as_o it_o be_v think_v other_o work_n beside_o his_o stratagem_n but_o this_o book_n of_o tactic_n whereof_o aelian_n speak_v we_o have_v not_o i_o will_v only_o add_v the_o relation_n of_o â—_o vegetius_n towch_v frontine_n who_o write_v thus_o cato_n the_o elder_a albeit_o he_o have_v be_v both_o invincible_a in_o arm_n and_o often_o general_n of_o great_a army_n believe_v yet_o he_o shall_v more_o profit_v his_o country_n if_o he_o lay_v down_o in_o write_v the_o
say_v be_v the_o file_n of_o the_o phalange_n but_o if_o the_o conveniency_n be_v observe_v it_o will_v not_o seem_v impertinent_a c._n for_o all_o the_o leader_n be_v in_o front_n therefore_o be_v they_o call_v leader_n because_o they_o precede_v and_o the_o rest_n follow_v it_o make_v both_o a_o gallant_a show_n and_o that_o rank_a be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o edge_n of_o our_o battle_n not_o only_o serve_v to_o hew_v a_o sunder_o and_o rend_v a_o piece_n the_o force_n of_o our_o enemy_n but_o also_o stand_v as_o a_o assure_a bulwark_n of_o defence_n before_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n that_o follow_v and_o it_o be_v well_o note_v by_o 13._o leo_n that_o the_o multitude_n of_o commander_n in_o orderly_a division_n both_o signify_v that_o there_o be_v many_o worthy_a and_o valiant_a man_n in_o the_o army_n and_o be_v a_o mean_n to_o keep_v the_o soldier_n in_o great_a obedience_n and_o to_o give_v undoubted_a effect_n to_o all_o direction_n of_o what_o quality_n and_o disposition_n those_o leader_n ought_v to_o be_v you_o may_v see_v in_o the_o 4._o four_o chapter_n of_o leos_n tacticke_v only_o i_o will_v add_v that_o as_o they_o be_v high_o in_o dignity_n so_o ought_v they_o in_o virtue_n and_o valour_n exceed_v those_o that_o be_v under_o their_o command_n 1_o a_o dilochy_n consist_v of_o two_o file_n for_o so_o signify_v the_o word_n dilochia_n and_o the_o leader_n dilochia_n be_v call_v a_o dilochite_a 2_o a_o tetrarchy_n of_o four_o file_n and_o the_o leader_n be_v call_v a_o tetrarch_n one_o that_o have_v the_o command_n of_o four_o file_n and_o here_o i_o must_v once_o more_o admonish_v that_o in_o the_o word_n of_o diverse_a signification_n we_o must_v not_o weigh_v what_o be_v the_o proper_a signification_n but_o how_o they_o be_v use_v in_o this_o art_n and_o book_n for_o the_o word_n tetrarch_n signify_v sometime_o a_o king_n as_o hesychius_n have_v and_o deitaro_n deiotarus_n in_o tully_n be_v call_v a_o tetrarch_n and_o luc._n herode_fw-la in_o the_o gospel_n who_o both_o be_v common_o know_v for_o king_n thessaly_n likewise_o be_v divide_v into_o 4._o principality_n thessaliotis_n pthiotis_n pelasgiotis_n and_o astiotis_n whereof_o every_o one_o be_v name_v a_o tetrarchy_n only_o the_o difference_n be_v that_o a_o tetrarch_n be_v a_o king_n or_o a_o governor_n signify_v he_o that_o have_v the_o government_n of_o the_o four_o part_n of_o the_o land_n for_o a_o tetrarchy_n be_v the_o government_n of_o the_o four_o part_n but_o a_o tetrarchy_n in_o aelian_n signify_v a_o body_n military_a consist_v of_o four_o part_n 4._o file_n and_o the_o tetrarch_n command_v not_o over_o one_o alone_a but_o over_o all_o the_o 4._o part_n 3_o a_o taxis_fw-la as_o the_o word_n tetrarchy_n be_v diverse_o take_v so_o be_v taxis_fw-la likewise_o for_o sometime_o it_o import_v order_n in_o a_o general_a signification_n as_o i_o note_v before_o sometime_o the_o e._n order_n of_o a_o battle_n c._n sometime_o a_o company_n of_o any_o kind_n of_o 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