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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A00997	The Roman histories of Lucius Iulius Florus from the foundation of Rome, till Cæsar Augustus, for aboue DCC. yeares, & from thence to Traian near CC. yeares, divided by Flor[us] into IV. ages. Translated into English.; Epitomae de Tito Livio bellorum omnium annorum DCC libri II. English	Florus, Lucius Annaeus.; Pass, Simon van de, 1595?-1647, engraver.; Bolton, Edmund, 1575?-1633?	1619 (1619)	STC 11103; ESTC S102361	97,168	532

with his owne hand in the face of the Court and the companies of his fellow-souldiers displaying about him their banners they layd siege in armes to that whole vsurped soueraignetie and from mount Auentine where their first campe was dragd it downe into the gaole and fetters CHAP. XXV The cities third discord THe dignitie of marriages kindled the third sedition in which the commons stood for freedome of ioyning in marriage with the nobles And this tumult brake forth in mount Ianiculum by the instinct of Canuleius Tribune of the people CHAP. XXVI The cities fourth discord THe desire of honour in the commoners who aspired to be also created magistrates mooued the fourth great stirre Fabius Ambustus had two daughters one of which hee bestowed in marriage vpon Sulpitius a gentleman of Patritian bloud the other vpon Stolo a Plebcian He because his wife was frighted at the sound of the serieants rod on his doore which was neuer heard there till then and for that respect was proudly enough scoffed-at by her other sister brooked not the indignitie Therefore hauing gotten to bee Tribune he wrested from the Senate whether they would or no the participation of honors and high offices Neuerthelesse in the very hottest of these distempers a man shall see cause to admire the generous spirit of this princely people For so much as one while they busied themselues in the rescue of freedome another while of chastitie then stood for dignitie of birth and for the ensignes ornaments of honour But of all these worthie things there was not any one ouer which they held so wakefull an eye as ouer libertie nor could they bee corrupted by any gifts or good turnes as a value for betraying it For when in a mightie people and growing mightier daily there were in the meane space many pernicious members of them they punished Spurius Cassius suspected of affecting souereigntie because hee had published the Agrarian law Maelius for that hee gaue lauishly both of them with present death Indeed his owne father tooke reuenge vpon Spurius but Seruilius Ahala master of the Roman horsemen or cauallerie by comandement of Quinctius the Dictator ranne his sword through Maelius in the middle of the Forum But Manlius the preseruer of the Capitol carrying himselfe because hee had freed most men of their debts ouer loftily and aboue the garbe of a fellow-citizen they pitcht him headlong from the top of the castell which himselfe had defended Such were the people of Rome at home and abroad in peace and in warre during this working current of their youth the secund age of their empire in which they conquered all Italie betweene the Alpes and Sea by force of armes The end of the first Booke of Lveivs FLORVS THE HISTORIE OF THE ROMANS The second Booke CHAP. I. WHEN Italie was now brought vnder made mannageable the people of Rome hauing continued almost fiue hundred yeeres was in good earnest growne a man and if there be any such thing as strength and lustie youth then certainely they were strong and young and began to be hard enough for all the world They therefore which is a wonder and incredible to be spoken who had kept a struggling at home for well-neere fiue hundred yeeres so difficult it was to set vp an Head ouer Italy in onely the two hundred yeeres which ensued marcht thorow Afrike Europe Asia and in briefe thorow the whole world with their victorious armies CHAP. II. The first Carthaginian or Punike warre THe people therefore conquerours of Italie after they had runne thorow all the length thereof to the sea it selfe like a fire which hauing consumed all the woods in it's way is broken off at the bank of some riuer passing betweene in like sort stop a while But when they saw within kenn a wondrous rich bootie lopt off as it were and torne away from their Italie they burnt with so extreme a desire of atchieuing it that whereas they could not come at it by bridges nor shut out the sea they were resolute to vnite it to their dominion by force of armes and so to make it againe a parcell of their continent But lo the destinies willing to open them a way there wanted not a wished occasion Messana a confederate citie of Sicilia complayning of the Carthaginians out-rages who aymed at the conquest of Sicilia as well as the Romans both of them at the same time and with equall affections and forces hauing in proiect the lordship of the world Therefore for assisting their associates that was the colour but in very deed spurred on with loue of the prey though the newnesse of the attempt troubled them yet valour is so full of confidence this rude this shepheardish people and meere land-men did well shew that manhood made no difference whether it fought on horse-back or on shipboord vpon the earth or waters Appius Claudius Consul they first aduentured into those streights which had beene made hideous with poëticall monsters and where the current was violent but they were so farre from being deterred thereby that they made vse of the furie of the hurrying tide as of a fauour for falling in therewith they forthwith set vpon Hiero king of Syracuse with such celeritie that himselfe confest hee found himselfe ouercome before hee saw the enemy Duilius and Cornelius Consuls they durst also fight at sea And the speed then vsed to build and rigge a nauie was certainely a signe of speeding For within threescore dayes after the timber was fell'd an armada of one hundred and threescore saile ridde at anchor out of it so that they seemed not the worke of shipwrights but as if by a kind of metamorphosis the gods had turned them such and changed trees to vessels But the report which goes of the fight is maruelous where these slugges and heauie bottomes seized vpon the quick and nimble nauie of the aduersaries who were much more cunning at sea so farre as skill to shift aside oares and to dally out the strokes of beake-heads by yare and readie turning For the hands of yron and other the grappling engines of the Romans the enemie made much sport at before the battel 's ioyned but were then compelled to trie it out in good earnest as if they had fought on firme land Thus giuing the ouerthrow at the Iles of Liparae their enemies armada either sunke or fled this was their first sea-triumph The ioy whereof how great was it when Duilius Captaine generall in that seruice not thinking one daies triumph enough did neuer come home from any supper so long as hee liued but hee would haue torches borne lighted and flutes play before him as if hee triumphed euery day The losse in regard of so great a victorie was but light The other of the Consuls Cnaeus Cornelius Asina entrapt by the enemie vnder colour of parley so surprised became a lesson against giuing credit to the faithlesse Carthaginians Calatinus Dictator

Maces our Trabeae our Chairs of State our Rings Trappers Robes purple-guarded Coats Chariots of Triumph guilt ouer drawne with foure horses embroydered Gownes Cassocks chambleted with figures of palmes and briefely all the ornaments ensignes by which soueraigne Maiestie is made eminent CHAP. VI. Of SERVIVS TVLLIVS THen Seruius Tullius vsurpeth the royall power nor was his basenesse any barre vnto him therein though his mother was a bond-woman For Tanaquil the wife of Tarquinius had bred him vp in honourable fashion for his excellent dispositions sake and a flame being seene to blaze about his head did assure hee should prooue famous Therefore in the Interregnum after Tarquinius his death hee being set vp by the Queene dowagers meanes to supply the Kings place as it were but for a time so managed that authority by his wit which he had atchieued by practice that hee seemed to haue good right vnto it By him the people of Rome had their estates valued and bookes of value and musters made themselues marshalled into formes or classes and distributed into courts and companies And by this kings incomparable diligence the Common-weale was so ordered that note was taken of all their lands goods honours ages arts and offices and put into publike register as if the state of a most mightie citie were to be kept vp and held together with the same diligence that a pettie familie CHAP. VII Of TARQVINIVS SVPERBVS THe last of all the kings was Tarquinius surnamed the Proud of his conditions He rather made choise to inuade then to expect his grandfathers realme which was with-holden by Seruius whose murther hauing procured hee gouerned the Commonweale as badly as he had obtained it wickedly Nor was his wife Tullia of any better nature then himselfe For hurrying to salute her husband King shee ranne her amazed Coach-horse ouer the bloudie bodie of her father But Tarquinius raging with slaughter against the Senate and against all men with proud behauiour which worthie men brooke worse then crueltie after hee had tired himselfe at home with shedding bloud hee marcheth at length against the enemie So Ardea Ocriculum Gabij Suessa Pometia towns of strength in Latin land were taken Then turned hee cruell towards his owne For hee stucke not to scourge his sonne to the intent that thereupon counterfeiting himselfe a fugitiue he might gayne credit with the enemie and Gabij according to this plot being surprized when the sonne sent messengers to his father to vnderstand his farther royall pleasure he only strucke off the tops of those poppie-heads with his wand which ouer-topt their fellowes meaning thereby that he would haue the chiefe men put to death And this was all the answere which his pride vouchsafed Neuerthelesse he built a temple out of the spoyles of conquered cities Which when it came to be dedicated according to the rites all other the Gods a wonder to be spoken leauing the place Iuuentas and Terminus only remained This contumacie of the powers diuine pleased the soothsayers well for it promised that the Roman affaires should be flourishing and eternall But this was maruelous that in digging to build there appeared the head of a man for a foundation which all men did confidently interprete as a most faire and happie signe prognosticating that there should bee the head seat of the whole worlds empire The people of Rome suffered the pride of their king while their women were forborne but that insolent abuse they could not endure in his sonnes Of whom when one of them had rauished that most beautious Lady Lucretia and shee clearing her selfe from the infamie by killing her selfe then they vtterly abrogated their name and all the authoritie of Kings CHAP. VIII The summe of the whole premisses THis is the first age of the people of Rome and as it were their infancie vnder seuen kings men by as it were a speciall prouision of the fates as differing in disposition as the reason and profit of the Commonweale required For who could bee more hote or fierie then Romulus But there was need of hauing such an one to set vp the kingdome perforce Who was more religious then Numa But their assayres could not want such a person that the fierce people might bee made temperate through the feare of the Gods How necessarie was that Master of their martiall discipline Tullus to a warlike Nation for whetting and perfecting their courages with reason How needfull was Ancus the builder that the citie might spread it selfe by sending out a Colonie that the parts thereof might bee vnited by a bridge and it selfe bee defended with a Wall Againe how great dignitie and grace did the ornaments and ensignes which Tarquinius Priscus brought in giue to the worlds chiefe people by their very fashion What other effect had the musters and suruey which Seruius tooke then that the commonweale might know and vnderstand it selfe Lastly the intolerable lordlinesse of Superbus did some good nay a very great deale of good For thereby it came to passe that the people stung with abuses were inflamed with the desire of freedome CHAP. III. Of the change in State from Kings to a Commonweale THe people therefore of Rome hauing Brutus and Collatinus to whom the noble matron recommended at her death her iniuries reuenge for captaines authors by as it were a diuine instinct being throughly all of them resolued to restore themselues to libertie and secure the honor of their women sodeinly fell away from the king spoile his goods consecrate his ground to Mars and transferre the soueraigne power to the same men who had beene founders of their freedome but yet changeing both the iudge title For it was agreed that whereas the authoritie had before beene single and perpetuall it should bee now but from yeere to yeere and bipartite lest either by singularitie or continuance it should bee corrupted and for kings they styled them Consuls that they might remember the dutie of their place was to consult and prouide for their Countrey Such ioy was conceiued for this new freedome that they could hardly beleeue the change and one of the Consuls because he was of kingly name and race they depriued him of his office and banished him the citie Into whose roome Valerius Poplicola being substituted hee bent his whole studies to augment the free maiessie of the people For hee bowed downe to them the Fasces in their assemblie and made it lawfull to appeale from the Consuls to the people And that the shew of a seeming castle might not offend he pluckt down his house which stood high built it on a flat or leuel But Brutus to come with all his sailes into popularitie did both cast his house to the ground and slue his sonnes For hauing discouer'd that they practised to bring in kings againe he drew them forth into the Forum and in the mid'st of the assemblie scourged them first with rods and then cut off their heads with the axe so

THE ROMAN Histories of LUCIUS IULIUS FLORUS from the foundation of ROME till Caesar AUGUSTUS for aboue DCC yeares from thence to TRAIAN near CC. yeares divided by Florꝰ into IV ages Translated into ENGLISH LONDON By Wil. Stansby TO THE MOST FLOVRISHING puissant and noble Peere GEORGE Lord Marquesse of BVCKINGHAM c. MY LORD THE Histories of Lucius Florus cōprehending in foure short Books the one hundred fortie and two of that principall Historian of the Romans Titus Liuius of Padua and of manie other written hard to say whether more conceitfully or completely are here translated out of their Latin into English A labour greater farre as all our learned know then for the slender bulke of the volume His Maiesties great example and your Lordships feruent imitation to increase in the ful sail of fortune the balasse of worthy readings is here in part well fitted For your Honour cannot possibly find in so little a room so much so well together of this weightie argument A thing to your Lordship acceptable considering your small leisure and to all those other who haue already profitably runne through his authors himselfe so briefe as it is almost his fault so neate and pithy as Liuie fares the worse for it so desirous to remember what himselfe hath said and to haue it vnderstood by others as he summs his owne summarie narrations and finally so worthy as seeing the glorie of a great Historian forestall'd by Liuie and others hee held it more honorable to be as hee is the first among briefe writers then one among few in the large ones Epitome's notwithstanding are no other in truth but Anatomies and all spacious minds waited vpon with the felicities of meanes and leisure will flie them as bane but this briefe hath all the requisites of a perfect body and apparrell as rich as any for professing Storie he hath certainly performed a Panegyrick His scope to kindle the valor of the old Roman world in the bosome of the new though himselfe an heathen man and liuing vnder Traian the emperour saw the proportion of valour well-maintained that being the most goodly and most flourishing estate which at any time vnder heathen princes that monarchie enioyed Those annotations and collections whose lights will lead your Lordship into the wise and heroik secret of the most potent graue and honourable masters which euer mankind had are fittest for your more leisure To your good Lordship therefore in whose person the ancient splendors of the noble families of VILLERS BEAVMONT are vnited with aduantage doth Luciꝰ Florus offer himselfe in our vulgar tongue and brings with him the plaine but withall the free and grounded good-will of his most louing and carefull interpreter humbly Your Lordships PHILANACTOPHIL To the Reader FLORVS saith IVSTVS LIPSIVS who in Mr. CAMDENS opinion carryed the Sunne of antiquity before him wrote a briefe not so much of Liuie from whom he often dissenteth as of the Roman affaires in my poore conceite aptly elegantly neatly There is in him a sharpnesse of wit and shortnesse of speech oftentimes admirable and certaine gemmes as it were and iewels of wise sentences inserted by him with good aduisement and veritie Thus farre that excellent master and with him let thy iudgement goe if thou wilt herein doe iustice howsoeuer with Mathematicall Stadius FLORVS is but a tumultuarie author for so it pleaseth that learned Critike to style him ouer-loading him with the comparison of incomparable Liuie Bee it free with reuerence and modestie to note ouer-sights as none doe want them and for me also a professour of sober freedome to taxe that as an ouer-sight in manners to vse such authors sowrely without whom the Criticks fame had often-times beene obscure or none at all In mine Hypercriticks concerning our countreys Historie I haue dealt freely as a man desirous to stirre vp a Liuie or a Florus to our selues There is little left testifide touching him or rather nothing at all but what himselfe remembreth which is that hee liued in Traians time Coniecture propounds vnto vs that hee was of the Seneca's that also is my opinion and so an Annaean by line that is of the Spanish-house or family of the Annaeans and they who entitle him to bee of the Iulij haue also their diuinatorie reasons His generous bright and flowrie writings the best memoriall are aliue and now translated into our vulgar with as much proprietie as one Englishmans English could attaine vnto for the present but euery where with a religious ayme to his meaning howsoeuer it may bee many times mist the diuersity of Copies like a change of the marke and the peculiar manner of his stile like a sudden blast comming betweene For this is true that there are in FLORVS sundrie knots not easie to vntie while he desirous to speake quick and close together our vnderstanding in him wanteth roome as it were and that scope which is hath somewhat thicke in it amounting to a clowdinesse breuis esse laboro obscurus fio more perhaps in this author through corruption of manuscripts and Prints or of our duller-pointed wits then through his fault whose writings are altogether as luminous as acuminons First the names of men nations places offices and things peculiar to the Romans need a particular interpreter which this pocket-volume will not handsomely permit at least-wise not in present Secondly the words which are here and there inserted in a different letter through the text of Florus are for the most part explanatorie of the authors meaning supplying marginall notes Thirdly one elegancie which is almost perpetuall in him and answers to the first similitude in which hee figures the whole people of Rome in the person of a MAN as the frontispice sheweth it lost for the greater part throughout the translation where the singular number sorts not so well but breedes perplexitie or obscurenesse Fourthly The doctrines which hee followes both in Theologie and moralitie and vpon which the fabricke of his narrations standeth are such as thou art to expect from an heathen with whom Polytheism or pluralitie of Gods was an article of faith and among whom selfe-killing to auoid disgrace seemed an high point of true magnanimitie and the like which haue small danger in them now their examen will else-where fall out fitly Fifthly The numbers in the margine signifie the yeeres from Rome built which these letters A. V. C. doe denotate that is Anno Vrbis Conditae in the yeere of Rome Built such or such A discouerie not worthy of any one but onely of them who are nothing else in a manner but meere English Necessarie is it here notwithstanding for explanation of the author who as the frontispice which with the helpe of the authors preface interprets it-selfe vnfoldeth by a most exact and studied method of briefnesse hath summ'd the whole time of Rome in grosse and distributed it into ages as Lactatius Firmianus vouching I know not what Seneca for it and

Ammianus Marcellinus in his eighteenth booke and lornandes an vsurper and concealer of Florus his wit vnder the I'mperour Iustinian What the translatour thinkes worthy of thy precious time to knew further requires a large booke rather then an Epistle and that also wil be but a briefe vpon a briefe of all the old Roman wisedome ciuill and martiall as here thou hast of their facts Enioy this translation in the mean time and let not vnthankfulnes strangle any intendments for thy more satisfaction nor shew thee ignorant of such a treasure as which after aboue one thousand foure hundred yeers cōtinuance twice the time of this storie growing stronger in the world by one language more then his owne when the Roman empire it selfe the subiect of the booke hath long since in a manner come to nothing doth giue great hope that it is to be immortall Farewell THE PREFACE OF LVCIVS FLORVS THE People of Rome from King Romulus to Caesar Augustus for the space of seuen hundred yeeres performed so many noble deeds both in peace and warre that if a man compare the magnitude of their empire with the number of the yeeres hee will thinke it greater then for the time They displayed their warlike ensignes so farre and wide vpon the globe of the earth that such as reade their performances may learne in them not the actions of one people but of all mankind For they were tossed with so many labors and perils that to establish their empire Vertue and Fortune seeme to haue contended Which thing though it be also principally worth the knowing neuerthelesse for so much as the very greatnesse it selfe is an impediment to it selfe and the varietie of matter makes the mind abruptly flit from one thing to another I will imitate them who draw the maps of countreyes and comprehend the whole image of that great Body within as it were a narrow table And in so doing my hopes are that I shall offer vp somewhat towards the admirable honours of the whole worlds soueraigne people when together and yet distinctly in it selfe I shall aduance into view their empires vniuersall greatnesse Imagining therefore the whole people of Rome were but as one single person and then running ouer all their time thinke how they began and how they grew strong then how they attained to a certaine flower as it were of youth and how in a sort they afterwards waxed old wee shall therein find foure degrees or maine progressions The first reuolution was vnder kings for almost two hundred and fiftie yeeres in which space they wrestled and stroue about their Mother-citie with their neighbours This may be the time of their infancie The following period from the Consulship of Brutus and Collatinus to the Consulship of Appius Claudius and Quintus Fuluius comprehends those two hundreth and fiftie yeeres in which they subdued Italy This was a time most famous for manhood and deeds of Cheualrie It may well be therefore tearmed their youthfull age From hence to Augustus Caesar are those other two hundreth and fiftie yeeres in which he settled peace thorow all the world And this compasse of time is the very Mans estate and as it were the strength and ripenesse of the Roman Empire From Augustus Caesar to our dayes there haue not passed many fewer then two hundreth yeeres in which through the vnworthinesse of Emperours the force of the Roman people waxt old as it were and wasted it selfe sauing that vnder the gouernment of Traian their sinewes requicken and beyond all expectation the old age of the empire as if the youth thereof were restored growes greene againe and flourisheth THE HISTORIE OF THE ROMANS The first Booke CHAP. I. Of ROMVLVS first King of Romans THe first founder of the citie and empire of Rome was ROMVLVS the sonne of Mars and Rhea Syluia This the Vestall Priestesse great with child confest of her selfe nor did fame long doubt thereof when Romulus by commaundement of Amulius throwne into the riuer together with his brother Remus could not be drowned For the Genius of Tiber both checkt down his waters and a shee-wolfe following the crye of the babes left her yong ones and with her teats discharged towards them the office of a mother And in this plight found vnder a tree Faustulus the kings shepheard conueyed them to his farme-house and bred them vp Alba built by Iulius was then the chiefe citie of Latium which his father Aeneas had reared Amulius was the foureteenth king from these and expelled his brother Numitor of whose daughter Romulus was borne Hee therefore in the first heats of his youth chased his vncle Amulius out of the royall seat and restored his grandfather himselfe delighting in the riuer and mountaines among which hee had beene educated was busied in plotting the walls of a new towne These brothers were twinnes and it was therefore agreed betweene them to make the gods iudges which of them should first enter vpon the gouernement and rule Remus tooke his stand vpon mount Auentine and Romulus vpon mount Palatine It was the fortune of Remus to see birds first and they were sixe Vultures Romulus saw last but had twelue So hauing the vpper hand in this triall by bird-flight he builds his citie full of hope that it would proue a martiall one according as those birds accustomed to bloud and rauine did portend A trench and rampire seemed sufficient to defend the new citie whose narrownesse while Remus derided and leapt ouer in reproofe thereof hee was slaine whether by his brothers commandement or no is doubtfull Certaine it is that hee was the first sacrifice and consecrated the new cities fortification with his bloud There wanted inhabitants Neere hand grew a groue which hee makes a place of sanctuarie and thither a wondrous companie of men did forthwith flocke some of them Latins some shepheards of Hetruria and other of them some of those beyond-sea Phrygians who were vnder Aeneas and of those Arcadians who hauing Euander for their Generall had come flowing in Thus of as it were diuerse elements he gathered together one Body and himselfe composed of them the Roman people This was a worke of Time the increase of inhabitants was a worke of Men. Therefore they sought wiues from among the neighbours whom when they could not obtaine by suit they tooke by force For they pretending to make shews and games on horsebacke the maids assembled from parts about to behold them were seised as lawfull pray This ministred an occasion of present war The Veientes were beaten and put to flight The Caeninensians had their towne taken and rased and king Romulus with his owne hands offered vp to Iupiter Feretrius the magnificent spoyles which he had gayned from his aduersarie King The gates of Rome were betraid to the Sabines by a silly Virgin who had bargayned to receiue for reward that which they carryed on their left hands doubtfull whether shee meant their shields or bracelets