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punish_v at_o the_o king_n will_v &_o pleasure_n &_o not_o by_o any_o law_n certain_a and_o those_o law_n &_o punishment_n be_v due_o execute_v &_o continue_v by_o the_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n 1016._o canutus_n a_o dane_n be_v king_n here_o in_o england_n in_o anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1016._o until_o that_o canutus_n a_o dane_n come_v to_o be_v king_n of_o this_o land_n which_o be_v about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1016._o who_o taking_n as_o great_a delight_n &_o felicity_n in_o foreste_n as_o other_o most_o noble_a prince_n of_o this_o realm_n have_v do_v before_o his_o time_n he_o for_o the_o better_a preservation_n &_o mainten_v of_o those_o privilege_v place_n of_o pleasure_n do_v establish_v certain_a law_n and_o canon_n only_o concern_v forest_n which_o law_n i_o have_v here_o place_v first_o of_o all_o in_o this_o hook_n for_o although_o that_o they_o have_v be_v rake_v up_o a_o long_a time_n in_o the_o embers_n of_o oblivion_n yet_o they_o be_v worthy_a to_o be_v 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his_o canon_n the_o 30._o that_o before_o his_o time_n all_o wild_a beast_n &_o bird_n be_v only_o the_o king_n and_o that_o no_o other_o person_n may_v kill_v or_o hurt_v they_o 30._o canutus_n canon_n 30._o for_o the_o king_n by_o his_o royal_a prerogative_n his_o right_a and_o privilege_n be_v such_o in_o england_n that_o all_o such_o thing_n that_o none_o of_o his_o subject_n can_v challenge_v any_o property_n in_o they_o be_v then_o say_v to_o be_v the_o king_n as_o wild_a beast_n bird_n &_o such_o like_a in_o who_o land_n or_o wood_n soever_o they_o be_v find_v wherefore_o the_o same_o king_n make_v this_o law_n volo_fw-la ut_fw-la omnis_fw-la libre_fw-la homo_fw-la pro_fw-la libito_fw-la svo_fw-la habeat_fw-la venerem_fw-la sive_fw-la viridem_fw-la in_o planis_fw-la suis_fw-la super_fw-la terras_fw-la svas_fw-la sine_fw-la chacea_n tamen_fw-la et_fw-la devitent_fw-la omnes_fw-la meam_fw-la ubicunque_fw-la eam_fw-la habere_fw-la voluero_fw-la which_o be_v that_o from_o henceforth_o i_o will_v say_v the_o king_n that_o every_o free_a man_n may_v take_v his_o own_o vert_fw-fr &_o venery_n or_o hunt_v that_o he_o can_v get_v upon_o his_o own_o ground_n or_o in_o his_o own_o field_n be_v out_o of_o my_o chase_n and_o let_v all_o man_n refrain_v from_o my_o venery_n in_o every_o place_n where_o i_o will_v have_v the_o same_o confessor_n the_o book_n of_o the_o law_n of_o saint_n edward_n the_o confessor_n and_o also_o it_o appear_v in_o the_o book_n of_o s._n edward_n the_o confessor_n which_o book_n be_v the_o very_a root_n and_o original_a ground_n of_o all_o the_o ancient_a law_n of_o england_n that_o the_o same_o king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n do_v confirm_v the_o same_o law_n in_o these_o vorde_n volo_fw-la ut_fw-la omnis_fw-la homo_fw-la sit_fw-la venatione_fw-la sva_fw-la dignus_fw-la in_o nemora_fw-la campo_fw-it &_o dominico_fw-la svo_fw-la &_o abstineat_fw-la omnis_fw-la homo_fw-la a_o venarijs_fw-la meis_fw-la ubicunque_fw-la pacem_fw-la eos_fw-la habere_fw-la volo_fw-la super_fw-la penam_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la and_o so_o it_o appear_v that_o both_o the_o say_a king_n do_v grant_v and_o make_v this_o law_n that_o after_o that_o time_n it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a for_o every_o subject_n to_o enjoy_v the_o benefit_n of_o his_o own_o hunt_n that_o he_o can_v any_o way_n take_v in_o his_o own_o land_n or_o in_o his_o own_o wood_n or_o field_n so_o that_o every_o man_n shall_v refrain_v from_o hunt_v the_o king_n wild_a beast_n in_o his_o own_o forest_n and_o privilege_v place_n for_o they_o upon_o pain_n of_o the_o loss_n of_o life_n of_o such_o a_o offender_n conqueror_n william_n the_o conqueror_n which_o law_n william_n the_o conqueror_n do_v afterward_o in_o his_o time_n confirm_v as_o it_o do_v appear_v in_o the_o say_a book_n of_o the_o say_a law_n chap._n 47._o and_o also_o he_o do_v continue_v the_o samae_fw-la all_o his_o life_n
rent_v of_o such_o purpresture_n must_v also_o be_v certify_v into_o the_o exchequer_n and_o the_o queen_n majesty_n must_v be_v answer_v thereof_o upon_o every_o sheriffs_n account_n the_o word_n of_o the_o same_o charter_n in_o the_o three_o article_n be_v these_o 3._o article_n 3._o omnes_fw-la autem_fw-la bosci_n qui_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la afforestati_fw-la per_fw-la regem_fw-la richardum_fw-la aâ—unculum_fw-la nostrum_fw-la usque_fw-la iud_fw-la primam_fw-la coronationem_fw-la nostram_fw-la statim_fw-la de_fw-la afforestentur_fw-la nist_n sic_fw-la domiincus_fw-la boscus_fw-la noster_fw-la this_o article_n be_v to_o that_o effect_n that_o the_o first_o article_n in_o the_o say_a charter_n be_v for_o as_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o which_o be_v grandfather_n to_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o have_v a_o forested_a a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o land_n of_o his_o subject_n which_o do_v cause_v a_o great_a harteburn_n to_o grow_v against_o he_o for_o the_o remedy_n of_o which_o mischief_n the_o say_v first_o article_n have_v provide_v that_o all_o such_o land_n that_o he_o have_v so_o affore_v which_o be_v not_o the_o king_n own_o demesne_fw-la land_n to_o the_o hurt_n of_o his_o subject_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v view_v by_o good_a and_o lawful_a man_n and_o all_o such_o land_n so_o affore_v which_o be_v not_o the_o king_n own_o demesne_fw-la land_n shall_v be_v forth_o with_o dissafore_v again_o so_o likewise_o king_n richard_n and_o king_n john_n have_v in_o their_o time_n affore_v the_o land_n of_o their_o subject_n in_o many_o place_n in_o this_o land_n to_o the_o great_a discontent_n of_o the_o whole_a realm_n for_o the_o pacify_v whereof_o this_o three_o article_n or_o branch_n have_v likewise_o provide_v this_o remedy_n that_o they_o forth_o with_o shall_v be_v disaffore_v again_o as_o those_o shall_v that_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o have_v affore_v how_o land_n be_v affore_v and_o make_v to_o be_v a_o forest_n and_o how_o they_o be_v dissafore_v and_o make_v no_o forest_n again_o what_o hurt_v the_o affore_n of_o the_o same_o land_n be_v to_o the_o owner_n thereof_o and_o how_o the_o same_o shall_v be_v unw_v before_o the_o same_o shall_v be_v so_o dissafore_v and_o by_o who_o it_o have_v be_v show_v already_o before_o and_o â—owe_o as_o concern_v this_o word_n dominicus_n boscus_fw-la that_o be_v those_o wood_n which_o be_v the_o king_n ancient_a demesne_fw-la wood_n or_o land_n although_o that_o the_o king_n by_o the_o law_n may_v afforest_n the_o land_n of_o his_o subject_n in_o any_o place_n where_o he_o will_v within_o this_o realm_n yet_o any_o king_n or_o prince_n have_v seldom_o or_o never_o affore_v the_o land_n of_o any_o of_o their_o subject_n in_o any_o place_n in_o this_o realm_n but_o where_o as_o the_o same_o king_n or_o prince_n also_o have_v have_v land_n or_o wood_n of_o their_o own_o and_o then_o when_o that_o such_o a_o king_n or_o prince_n do_v so_o afforest_n their_o own_o land_n for_o the_o enlarge_n of_o their_o pleasure_n and_o delight_n in_o hunt_v they_o do_v afforest_n the_o land_n of_o their_o subject_n next_o adjoin_v to_o the_o king_n land_n or_o wood_n so_o affore_v all_o which_o land_n that_o be_v so_o affore_v by_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o king_n richard_n his_o uncle_n or_o king_n john_n his_o father_n they_o be_v here_o by_o these_o two_o branch_n the_o 1._o and_o the_o 3._o to_o be_v dissafore_v again_o but_o such_o land_n or_o wood_n which_o be_v the_o king_n own_o demean_v wood_n or_o land_n they_o be_v here_o by_o 2_o branch_n reserve_v to_o remain_v and_o be_v foreste_n still_o in_o these_o word_n nisi_fw-la sit_fw-la dominicus_fw-la boscus_fw-la noster_fw-la and_o those_o land_n that_o be_v not_o the_o king_n own_o demean_v land_n that_o be_v adjoin_v to_o the_o land_n of_o the_o king_n that_o be_v so_o affore_v after_o such_o dissaffore_n of_o they_o then_o they_o be_v at_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o owner_n thereof_o as_o they_o be_v before_o that_o the_o same_o be_v so_o affore_v to_o cut_v down_o their_o wood_n to_o make_v their_o land_n earable_a that_o be_v meadow_n or_o pasture_n before_o or_o any_o other_o way_n to_o convert_v the_o same_o to_o their_o best_a advantage_n and_o profit_n and_o also_o the_o same_o owner_n may_v chase_v the_o wild_a beast_n that_o they_o do_v find_v there_o at_o their_o own_o pleasure_n and_o slay_v they_o if_o they_o can_v take_v they_o by_o chase_v with_o greyhounde_n or_o otherwise_o so_o that_o they_o do_v not_o forestall_v they_o or_o foreset_v they_o in_o their_o return_v to_o the_o king_n forest_n again_o for_o all_o such_o land_n that_o be_v once_o affore_v by_o the_o king_n and_o afterwards_o disafore_v then_o the_o same_o be_v ever_o afterwards_o purlieu_n purlieu_n purlieu_n and_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o purlieu_n so_o that_o there_o be_v not_o any_o land_n that_o be_v or_o can_v be_v purlieu_n but_o such_o as_o be_v once_o a_o forest_n or_o a_o free_a chase_n for_o there_o 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these_o word_n that_o whereas_o certain_a people_n that_o be_v put_v out_o of_o the_o forest_n for_o the_o purley_n puraley_n hic_fw-la ante_fw-la 34_o 35._o the_o statute_n of_o the_o puraley_n and_o by_o the_o great_a man_n have_v make_v request_n to_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n at_o his_o parliament_n that_o they_o may_v be_v acquit_v of_o their_o charge_n and_o of_o thing_n that_o the_o forester_n demand_v of_o they_o as_o they_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v so_o that_o you_o may_v thereby_o see_v that_o the_o puraley_n be_v first_o grant_v at_o the_o especial_a request_n of_o the_o commonalty_n of_o this_o realm_n for_o their_o relief_n and_o here_o you_o may_v note_v by_o the_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o carta_n de_fw-fr foresta_n and_o also_o by_o the_o say_a statute_n of_o the_o puraley_n of_o anno_fw-la 33._o e._n â—_o that_o all_o such_o land_n as_o be_v so_o disaffore_v be_v thereby_o now_o clear_o out_o of_o the_o forest_n and_o be_v puraleys_n according_a to_o the_o grant_n of_o the_o king_n by_o his_o charter_n of_o puraleys_n grant_v to_o his_o subject_n by_o which_o charter_n if_o you_o do_v diligent_o read_v and_o peruse_v it_o you_o shall_v thereby_o know_v the_o very_a nature_n of_o the_o purlieu_n and_o how_o the_o same_o be_v make_v &_o how_o it_o have_v his_o beginning_n book_n the_o charter_n of_o the_o purlieu_n in_o the_o end_n of_o this_o book_n with_o all_o other_o thing_n that_o do_v belong_v to_o the_o purlieu_n what_o thing_n a_o puralie_n man_n may_v lawful_o do_v and_o how_o he_o may_v hunt_v in_o the_o puraley_n by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o forest_n and_o the_o charter_n of_o the_o purlieu_n for_o although_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o sufficient_a purlieu_n man_n to_o hunt_v and_o chase_v the_o wild_a beast_n in_o some_o sort_n in_o their_o own_o land_n that_o be_v so_o disafore_v and_o make_v purlui_n or_o free_n for_o they_o only_o yet_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o every_o owner_n of_o land_n disafore_v to_o hunt_v or_o 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of_o the_o king_n wild_a beast_n in_o which_o case_n it_o be_v then_o felony_n to_o kill_v they_o and_o the_o offender_n shall_v lose_v his_o life_n by_o the_o law_n for_o such_o a_o offence_n or_o else_o if_o he_o do_v not_o lose_v his_o life_n for_o that_o offence_n than_o he_o be_v to_o make_v a_o grievous_a raunsom_n for_o the_o same_o as_o it_o do_v appear_v in_o the_o ancient_a law_n of_o saint_n edward_n in_o his_o book_n foe_n 69._o and_o afterward_o in_o the_o time_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n 69_o legibus_fw-la sancti_fw-la edwardi_fw-la foe_fw-mi 69_o in_o the_o end_n of_o his_o decree_n that_o he_o make_v and_o set_v down_o for_o law_n he_o will_v that_o no_o man_n shall_v lose_v his_o life_n for_o any_o such_o offence_n but_o only_o that_o such_o a_o offender_n shall_v be_v punish_v by_o the_o loss_n of_o some_o of_o his_o member_n which_o decree_n be_v there_o set_v down_o in_o these_o word_n interdicimus_fw-la etiam_fw-la ne_fw-la quis_fw-la occidatur_fw-la vel_fw-la suspendatur_fw-la pro_fw-la aliqua_fw-la culpa_fw-la conqueror_n les_fw-fr decree_n del_o william_n la_o conqueror_n sed_fw-la evelluntur_fw-la oculi_fw-la et_fw-la abscindantur_fw-la pedes_fw-la vel_fw-la testiculi_fw-la vel_fw-la manus_fw-la ita_fw-la quod_fw-la truncus_fw-la unius_fw-la remaneat_fw-la in_o signum_fw-la nequitii_fw-la svi_fw-la &_o secundum_fw-la quantitatem_fw-la delicti_fw-la debet_fw-la pena_fw-la maleficientis_fw-la infligi_fw-la and_o this_o law_n in_o some_o case_n do_v endure_v until_o this_o day_n as_o at_o the_o common_a law_n if_o a_o man_n do_v make_v a_o affeaie_n within_o the_o king_n palace_n the_o offender_n shall_v lose_v in_o that_o case_n his_o right_a hand_n assisarum_fw-la the_o statut_fw-la of_o a_o 33._o h._n 8_o 41._o assisarum_fw-la and_o this_o be_v the_o common_a law_n before_o the_o make_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o an._n 33._o h._n 8._o as_o it_o do_v appear_v in_o 41._o assisarum_fw-la where_o the_o case_n be_v that_o a_o man_n be_v indict_v and_o arraign_v for_o that_o he_o do_v strike_v a_o juror_n in_o the_o palace_n at_o westminster_n which_o have_v pass_v against_o he_o which_o say_v stroke_n be_v give_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o justice_n justice_n strike_v in_o the_o king_n palace_n or_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o justice_n for_o the_o which_o he_o have_v his_o judgement_n that_o he_o shall_v remain_v in_o prison_n in_o the_o tower_n during_o his_o life_n and_o also_o that_o his_o right_a hand_n shall_v be_v cut_v off_o and_o that_o the_o issue_n and_o profit_n of_o his_o land_n shall_v be_v forfeit_v unto_o the_o king_n during_o his_o life_n but_o his_o heir_n shall_v not_o be_v disinherit_v and_o the_o very_a like_o case_n be_v adjudge_v in_o anno_fw-la 19_o e._n 3._o and_o also_o in_o m._n 22._o of_o e._n 3_o where_o a_o esquire_n of_o good_a account_n which_o draw_v his_o sword_n to_o strike_v another_o person_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o justice_n 3_o 19_o e._n 3._o m._n 22._o e_o 3_o of_o which_o offence_n he_o be_v afterwards_o convict_v and_o have_v his_o judgement_n for_o the_o same_o to_o have_v his_o right_a hand_n cut_v off_o and_o he_o be_v also_o for_o the_o same_o offence_n commit_v to_o newgate_n there_o to_o remain_v as_o in_o the_o case_n before_o recite_v and_o therefore_o now_o this_o grant_n and_o charter_n of_o the_o liberty_n have_v provide_v a_o remedy_n for_o this_o extremity_n in_o these_o word_n nullus_fw-la amittat_fw-la vitam_fw-la vel_fw-la membrum_fw-la which_o be_v a_o very_a great_a liberty_n unto_o all_o the_o king_n subject_n and_o it_o be_v also_o a_o restraint_n and_o a_o abridgement_n of_o the_o king_n will_v and_o pleasure_n upon_o which_o the_o punishment_n of_o such_o offender_n do_v then_o only_o depend_v which_o at_o that_o time_n be_v uncertain_a where_o as_o now_o the_o same_o be_v a_o most_o certain_a punishment_n appoint_v for_o those_o that_o do_v hunt_v the_o king_n wild_a beast_n for_o the_o word_n be_v provenatione_fw-la etc._n etc._n so_o that_o the_o same_o charter_n be_v now_o a_o general_a pardon_n to_o all_o man_n of_o life_n and_o member_n for_o all_o offence_n of_o hunt_v the_o king_n wild_a beast_n of_o venery_n venatione_fw-la pro_fw-la venatione_fw-la and_o because_o the_o letter_n be_v pro_fw-la venatione_fw-la it_o be_v necessary_a to_o consider_v what_o beast_n be_v call_v beast_n of_o venery_n or_o the_o king_n venison_n and_o therefore_o it_o appear_v as_o it_o have_v be_v show_v before_o that_o there_o be_v five_o wild_a beast_n that_o be_v account_v beast_n of_o the_o forest_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o hart_n the_o hind_n the_o hare_n the_o boar_n and_o the_o wolf_n and_o there_o be_v also_o five_o beast_n remain_v in_o the_o forest_n that_o be_v account_v beast_n of_o chase_n that_o be_v to_o say_v chase_n the_o v._o beast_n of_o the_o forest_n the_o v._o beast_n of_o the_o chase_n the_o buck_n the_o do_v the_o fox_n the_o martron_n and_o the_o roose_n and_o there_o be_v also_o diverse_a other_o wild_a beast_n in_o the_o forest_n that_o although_o they_o be_v not_o beast_n of_o the_o forest_n nor_o beast_n of_o chase_n yet_o they_o be_v account_v beast_n of_o venery_n and_o this_o charter_n of_o pardon_n of_o life_n and_o member_n do_v extend_v to_o the_o hunt_n &_o kill_v of_o any_o beast_n of_o venery_n according_a to_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o say_a charter_n which_o be_v pro_fw-la venatione_fw-la which_o intend_v also_o to_o all_o manner_n of_o hawk_v and_o destroy_v of_o fowl_n of_o warren_n and_o fish_n in_o any_o vivarie_n within_o any_o forest_n where_o such_o kind_n of_o thing_n be_v that_o be_v fere_n naturae_fw-la the_o letter_n be_v further_o sed_fw-la si_fw-la quis_fw-la captus_fw-la &_o convictus_fw-la etc._n etc._n which_o be_v as_o much_o in_o effect_n as_o if_o the_o word_n have_v be_v that_o if_o the_o offender_n be_v take_v and_o attaint_v of_o the_o trespass_n or_o offence_n by_o the_o course_n of_o the_o law_n of_o the_o forest_n but_o if_o the_o defendant_n upon_o a_o indictment_n do_v confess_v the_o offence_n or_o will_v say_v nothing_o at_o all_o to_o it_o or_o will_v make_v default_n after_o his_o appearance_n if_o the_o same_o do_v pass_v the_o swanimote_a in_o due_a form_n of_o law_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n call_v ordinatio_fw-la forestae_fw-la 8_o ordinatio_fw-la forestae_fw-la an._n 34._o e._n 1._o an._n 1._o e._n 3._o ca._n 8_o and_o according_a to_o the_o statute_n of_o anno_fw-la primo_fw-la of_o edward_n the_o third_o cap._n 8._o then_o such_o a_o offender_n shall_v be_v say_v to_o be_v convict_v and_o when_o any_o offender_n be_v thus_o convict_v he_o shall_v make_v his_o fine_a for_o the_o same_o offence_n for_o the_o letter_n be_v further_o graviter_fw-la redimatur_fw-la and_o that_o be_v as_o much_o to_o say_v the_o offender_n so_o convict_v must_v be_v grievous_o redeem_v or_o make_v a_o grievous_a fine_a or_o ransom_n for_o his_o offence_n ransom_v the_o diversity_n between_o a_o fine_n and_o a_o ransom_v and_o it_o be_v say_v that_o there_o be_v a_o great_a diversity_n between_o a_o fine_a and_o a_o ransom_n for_o a_o fine_a be_v arbitrable_a by_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o king_n and_o be_v to_o be_v assess_v by_o they_o without_o the_o king_n but_o a_o ransom_n be_v not_o to_o be_v assess_v by_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o king_n only_o but_o that_o the_o king_n shall_v first_o therein_o show_v his_o pleasure_n and_o will_n and_o therefore_o it_o do_v seem_v that_o in_o this_o case_n the_o recompense_n for_o such_o a_o offence_n be_v to_o be_v call_v a_o fine_a and_o not_o a_o ransom_n because_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o forest_n do_v assess_v the_o same_o without_o make_v of_o the_o king_n privy_a to_o it_o first_o as_o common_a experience_n do_v daily_o prove_v and_o ancient_a precedent_n of_o the_o law_n of_o the_o forest_n confirm_v the_o same_o and_o thus_o have_v pass_v over_o 10._o article_n of_o the_o charter_n of_o the_o forest_n i_o will_v here_o end_v &_o leave_v the_o rest_n to_o other_o of_o better_a learning_n &_o judgement_n to_o handle_v and_o because_o it_o be_v very_o necessary_a to_o see_v and_o know_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o make_n of_o a_o forest_n and_o of_o the_o dissafore_n of_o a_o forest_n again_o i_o will_v now_o here_o set_v down_o the_o charter_n of_o the_o puraley_n to_o the_o end_n that_o it_o may_v thereby_o appear_v in_o what_o manner_n a_o forest_n be_v make_v and_o as_o a_o forest_n be_v make_v in_o like_a manner_n the_o same_o be_v make_v a_o puraley_n &_o dissafore_v again_o as_o it_o shall_v appear_v by_o this_o precedent_n hereafter_o follow_v charta_fw-la de_fw-fr foresta_n caput_fw-la 1._o ad_fw-la ordeigne_v que_fw-fr tout_fw-fr forest_n que_fw-fr henricus_fw-la aws_fw-la noster_fw-la aforestavit_fw-la videantur_fw-la per_fw-la bonos_fw-es &_o legales_fw-la homines_fw-la &_o si_fw-la
time_n rufus_n william_n rufus_n and_o after_o his_o death_n william_n rufus_n his_o son_n in_o like_a sort_n continue_v those_o law_n during_o his_o life_n until_o he_o be_v slay_v in_o new_a forest_n as_o he_o be_v in_o hunt_v and_o after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o say_a william_n rufus_n without_o issue_n of_o his_o body_n king_n henry_n the_o first_o his_o brother_n succeed_v he_o as_o next_o heir_n unto_o the_o crown_n of_o this_o realm_n first_o henry_n the_o first_o by_o his_o charter_n do_v confirm_v all_o the_o say_a law_n of_o the_o forest_n of_o saint_n edward_n the_o confessor_n as_o it_o do_v appear_v in_o the_o red_a book_n in_o the_o excheker_fw-mi call_v libre_fw-la rubus_fw-la cap._n 1._o 1._o libre_fw-la rubrus_fw-la cap._n 1._o legum_n suarum_fw-la and_o also_o in_o the_o second_o charter_n of_o the_o say_a book_n of_o the_o law_n of_o the_o forest_n in_o these_o word_n forestas_fw-la vero_fw-la communi_fw-la assensu_fw-la omnium_fw-la baronum_fw-la meorum_fw-la in_o manu_fw-la mea_fw-la sic_fw-la retinuo_fw-la sicut_fw-la pater_fw-la meus_fw-la eas_fw-la retinuit_fw-la and_o then_o afterward_o in_o the_o 18_o chapter_n of_o the_o say_a book_n the_o plea_n of_o the_o forest_n be_v there_o specify_v and_o rehearse_v in_o these_o word_n placita_fw-la quoque_fw-la forestarum_fw-la satis_fw-la sunt_fw-la in_o commoditat_v '_o valliat_v '_o sicut_fw-la de_fw-la assertis_fw-la de_fw-fr cessione_n de_fw-fr venatione_fw-la de_fw-fr cumbustione_fw-la etc._n etc._n which_o law_n of_o the_o forest_n afterwards_o do_v more_o and_o more_o increase_n and_o so_o do_v continue_v during_o all_o the_o life_n of_o the_o say_a king_n henry_n the_o first_o and_o after_o his_o decease_n steven_n king_n steven_n king_n steven_n by_o his_o charter_n do_v confirm_v all_o the_o say_a privilege_n law_n &_o custom_n make_v and_o grant_v by_o saint_n edward_n the_o confessor_n and_o also_o by_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o his_o uncle_n as_o it_o appear_v in_o the_o book_n of_o the_o say_a law_n all_o which_o say_v law_n and_o custom_n the_o say_a king_n stenen_n do_v continue_v all_o his_o life_n and_o after_o his_o decase_n king_n henry_n the_o second_o succeed_v he_o as_o next_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n second_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o by_o his_o general_a charter_n do_v confirm_v the_o say_v law_n of_o the_o forest_n in_o most_o thing_n &_o principal_o concern_v the_o beginning_n of_o carta_n de_fw-fr foresta_n for_o in_o the_o first_o book_n of_o his_o law_n make_v in_o the_o 19_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n chap._n 16._o he_o rehearse_v and_o declare_v the_o law_n of_o the_o forest_n and_o the_o very_a nature_n of_o that_o and_o do_v far_o show_v there_o how_o that_o the_o law_n of_o the_o forest_n do_v vary_v and_o differ_v from_o the_o common_a law_n of_o this_o realm_n as_o it_o do_v appear_v in_o the_o say_v red_a book_n in_o the_o excheker_fw-mi in_o these_o word_n sane_n forestarum_n lex_fw-la ratio_fw-la pena_fw-la quoque_fw-la vel_fw-la absolutio_fw-la delinquentium_fw-la sive_fw-la pecuniaria_fw-la fuerit_fw-la sive_fw-la corporalis_fw-la scorsum_fw-la ab_fw-la aliis_fw-la regni_fw-la ludicijs_fw-la secernuntur_fw-la &_o folius_fw-la regis_fw-la arbitrio_fw-la seu_fw-la cuiuslibet_fw-la familiaris_fw-la ad_fw-la haec_fw-la specialiter_fw-la deputati_fw-la subijcitur_fw-la legibus_fw-la quidem_fw-la proprijs_fw-la subsistit_fw-la quas_fw-la non_fw-la lure_n communi_fw-la sed_fw-la voluntaria_fw-la principum_fw-la institutione_n subnixasse_fw-la debent_fw-la adeo_fw-la ut_fw-la per_fw-la legem_fw-la eius_fw-la factum_fw-la fuerit_fw-la non_fw-la justum_fw-la absolute_a sed_fw-la justum_fw-la secundum_fw-la legem_fw-la forestae_fw-la dicatur_fw-la quia_fw-la in_o forestis_n penetralia_fw-la regum_fw-la sunt_fw-la &_o corum_fw-la maximae_fw-la deliciae_fw-la ad_fw-la have_v quidem_fw-la venandi_fw-la causa_fw-la curis_n quandoque_fw-la accedunt_fw-la ut_fw-la modica_fw-la quiet_a recreentur_fw-la and_o afterward_o in_o the_o twelve_o chapter_n of_o the_o same_o book_n there_o do_v follow_v another_o sentence_n concern_v the_o law_n of_o the_o forest_n in_o these_o word_n in_o singulis_fw-la comitatibus_fw-la foresta_n regis_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la sed_fw-la in_o nemorosis_n ubi_fw-la ferarum_fw-la latibula_fw-la sunt_fw-la &_o uberior_fw-la pastura_fw-la nec_fw-la interest_n cvius_fw-la sunt_fw-la nemora_fw-la sive_fw-la enim_fw-la regis_fw-la sive_fw-la regni_fw-la procerum_fw-la liberos_fw-la tamen_fw-la &_o indemnes_fw-la habeat_fw-la ferae_fw-la circumque_fw-la discursus_fw-la so_o that_o by_o those_o text_n before_o rehearse_v it_o do_v appear_v how_o the_o law_n of_o the_o forest_n be_v take_v and_o use_v in_o time_n past_a and_o by_o those_o word_n nec_fw-la interest_n cvius_fw-la sunt_fw-la nemora_fw-la etc._n etc._n it_o be_v plain_o show_v that_o the_o king_n than_o may_v &_o yet_o may_v also_o make_v a_o forest_n in_o every_o place_n where_o he_o please_v aswell_o in_o the_o land_n and_o inheritance_n of_o any_o of_o his_o subject_n as_o in_o his_o own_o demean_n land_n and_o inheritance_n which_o be_v a_o great_a loss_n and_o hindrance_n to_o those_o that_o be_v owner_n of_o those_o land_n that_o be_v so_o affore_v for_o after_o the_o same_o be_v so_o affore_v their_o pasture_n and_o profit_n of_o their_o land_n be_v devowr_v by_o the_o wild_a beast_n of_o the_o king_n without_o any_o recompense_n for_o the_o same_o to_o be_v make_v unto_o they_o and_o this_o law_n of_o affore_v of_o the_o land_n and_o inheritance_n of_o other_o man_n do_v then_o daily_o so_o increase_v that_o the_o same_o be_v think_v a_o very_a extreme_a heavy_a burden_n aswell_o unto_o noble_a man_n and_o gentleman_n as_o also_o unto_o the_o poor_a commonalty_n of_o this_o realm_n to_o bear_v for_o that_o they_o may_v not_o enclose_v their_o land_n nor_o improve_v the_o same_o to_o their_o best_a profit_n that_o be_v so_o affore_v by_o the_o king_n but_o they_o be_v force_v to_o suffer_v their_o say_a land_n afore_v to_o lie_v open_a and_o not_o enclose_v and_o if_o any_o of_o they_o do_v chance_n to_o offend_v against_o the_o assize_n or_o law_n of_o the_o forest_n the_o punishment_n be_v sometime_o very_o great_a for_o a_o small_a offence_n and_o the_o forfeiture_n for_o the_o same_o according_a to_o the_o will_n and_o pleasure_n of_o the_o king_n and_o not_o according_a to_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o trespass_n nor_o yet_o according_a to_o the_o course_n of_o the_o common_a law_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o this_o law_n do_v continue_v during_o the_o life_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o and_o after_o his_o decease_n the_o same_o continue_a likewise_o during_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o first_o and_o then_o after_o his_o disease_n likewise_o during_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n john_n john_n richard_n the_o first_o king_n john_n and_o every_o one_o of_o the_o say_a king_n do_v daily_o increase_v and_o make_v more_o new_a foreste_n and_o more_o in_o the_o land_n of_o their_o subject_n to_o the_o great_a hindrance_n and_o impoverish_n of_o their_o subject_n and_o this_o mischief_n be_v not_o at_o all_o remedy_v until_o the_o make_n of_o the_o charter_n of_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o forest_n three_o henry_n the_o three_o which_o be_v make_v by_o king_n henry_n the_o third_o and_o afterwards_o the_o same_o charter_n be_v confirm_v and_o enlarge_v by_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o his_o son_n which_o charter_n be_v make_v for_o the_o pacify_v of_o the_o commonalty_n of_o this_o realm_n that_o then_o be_v much_o aggrieve_v at_o this_o mischief_n first_o edward_n the_o first_o and_o therefore_o the_o same_o charter_n call_v carta_n de_fw-fr foresta_n even_o in_o the_o very_a first_o article_n of_o the_o same_o do_v provide_v a_o remedy_n in_o that_o behalf_n in_o these_o word_n omnes_fw-la forestae_fw-la quas_fw-la henricus_fw-la aws_fw-la noster_fw-la aforestavit_fw-la videantur_fw-la per_fw-la bonos_fw-es &_o legales_fw-la homines_fw-la et_fw-la si_fw-la boscum_fw-la aliquem_fw-la alium_fw-la quam_fw-la suum_fw-la dominicum_fw-la afforestaverit_n ad_fw-la damnum_fw-la illius_fw-la cvius_fw-la boscus_fw-la ille_fw-la fuerit_fw-la statim_fw-la deaforestentur_fw-la etc._n etc._n by_o which_o branch_n of_o the_o say_a charter_n you_o do_v see_v that_o all_o foreste_n that_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o have_v make_v of_o the_o land_n of_o any_o of_o his_o subject_n which_o be_v not_o the_o king_n own_o demean_n land_n be_v here_o appoint_v to_o be_v disafore_v again_o and_o again_o in_o the_o three_o article_n of_o the_o say_a charter_n of_o the_o forest_n there_o be_v the_o very_a like_o remedy_n and_o provision_n that_o all_o such_o foreste_n which_o king_n richard_n the_o first_o and_o also_o king_n john_n have_v afore_v and_o make_v of_o the_o land_n or_o wood_n of_o any_o of_o his_o subject_n be_v not_o the_o demean_n land_n of_o the_o crown_n that_o then_o all_o those_o land_n and_o wood_n shall_v be_v disafore_v again_o for_o these_o three_o king_n that_o be_v to_o say_v king_n richard_n the_o first_o king_n john_n and_o henry_n the_o third_o have_v then_o new_o afore_v so_o much_o of_o the_o land_n of_o